Abstract
A decade of Maya glyphic decipherment creates many opportunities for historical, linguistic, cultural, and archaeological interpretation. New evidence points to improvements in understanding decipherment as a discipline and social practice, the origins of Maya script, the use and meaning of glyphs in ancient society, and the language and sociolinguistic implications of Maya texts. The glyphs reveal information about Maya kingship and its relation to supernatural forces along with cues to a synthesis of history during the Classic period (A.D. 250–850). A test case from Piedras Negras, Guatemala, relates such discoveries to the ongoing excavation of a Classic city with abundant inscriptions.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Adams, R. E. W. (1999). Río Azul: An Ancient Maya City, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Alaniz Serrano, R. (1999). Inscripciones en monumentos Mayas: Conocimientos básicos para su desciframiento, Plaza y Valdéz, Mexico.
Aliphat, M. M. (1994). Classic Maya Landscape in the Upper Usumacinta River Valley, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Calgary.
Aliphat, M. M. (1996). Arqueologíy paisajes del Alto Usumacinta. Arqueologí Mexicana 22: 24–29.
Anonymous. (1992) Editorial policy, information for authors, and style guide for American Antiquity and Latin American Antiquity. Latin American Antiquity 3: 259–280.
Aoyama, K. (1999). Análisis de las microhuellas sobre la lítica de Aguateca: Temporada de 1998- 1999. Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala.
Arrellano, A. (1998). Diálogo con los abuelos. In Staines Cicero, L. (ed.), La pintura mural prehispánica en México: II, Área Maya, Bonampak; Tomo II, Estudios, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, pp. 255–297.
Aveni, A. F. (1992). The moon and the Venus table: An example of commensuration in the Maya calendar. In Aveni, A. F. (ed.), The Sky in Mayan Literature, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 87–101.
Ayala Falcón, M. (1995). The History of Toniná Through its Inscriptions, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
Ayala Falcón, M. (1997). Who were the people of Toniná In Macri, M. J., and A. Ford (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 69–76.
Baines, J. (1983). Literacy and ancient Egyptian society. Man 18: 572–599.
Baines, J., and Yoffee, N. (1998). Order, legitimacy, and wealth in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. In Feinman, G. M., and Marcus, J. (eds.), Archaic States, School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, pp. 199–260.
Barrera Rubio, A., and Taube, K. (1987). Los relieves de San Diego: Una nueva perspectiva. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 16: 3–18.
Barrientos, T. (1997). PN 16: Excavaciones en la Plaza Este. In Escobedo, H., and Houston, S. (eds.), Proyecto Arqueoló gico Piedras Negras: Informe Preliminar No. 1, Primera Temporada 1997, Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala, pp. 133–135.
Barthel, T. S. (1997). A Tuebingen key to Maya glyphs. Tribus 26: 97–102.
Basso, K. H., and Anderson, N. (1975). A Western Apache Writing System, Peter de Ridder Press, Lisse.
Baudez, C. (1999). Perils of iconography: The Maya. Antiquity 73: 946–950.
Beliaev, D. (1998). Wuk Tsuk and Oxlahun Tsuk: Naranjo and Tikal in the Late Classic. Paper presented at the Third European Maya Conference, Hamburg.
Bell, L. (1987). Philosophy of Egyptian epigraphy after sixty years: Practical experience. In Assmann, J., Burkard, G., and Davies, V. (eds.), Problems and Priorities in Egyptian Archaeology, Kegan Paul, London, pp. 43–55.
Bennet, J. (1988). “Outside in the distance”: Problems in understanding the economic geography of Mycenaean palatial territories. In Olivier, H.-P., and Palaima, T. G. (eds.), Texts, Tablets, and Scribes: Studies in Mycenaean Epigraphy and Economy Offered to Emmett L. Bennett, Jr., Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, pp. 19–41.
Berjonneau, G., and Sonnery, J.-L. (1985). Rediscovered Masterpieces of Mesoamerica: Mexico- Guatemala- Honduras, Editions Art 135, Boulogne.
Berlin, H. (1958). El Glifo “Emblema” en las inscripciones Mayas. Journal de la Société des Américanistes 47: 111–119.
Berlin, H. (1977). Signos y Significados en las Inscripciones Mayas, Instituto Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural de Guatemala, Guatemala.
Berlo, J. C. (1989). Early writing in central Mexico: In tlilli, in tlapalli before A.D. 1000. In Diehl, R., and Berlo, J. C. (eds), Mesoamerica After the Decline of Teotihuacan—A.D. 700- 900, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 19–47.
Black, S. L. (1990). Field Methods and Methodologies in Lowland Maya Archaeology, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.
Bloch, M. (1985). The ritual of the royal bath in Madagascar: The dissolution of death, birth, and fertility into authority. In Cannadine, D., and Price, S. (eds.), Rituals of Royalty: Power and Ceremonial in Traditional Society, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 271–297.
Boltz, W. G. (1994). The Origin and Early Development of the Chinese Writing System, American Oriental Society, New Haven.
Boone, E. H. (2000). Stories in Red and Black: Pictorial Histories of the Aztecs and Mixtecs, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Boot, E. (1997). Classic Maya vessel classification: Rare vessel type collocations containing the noun cheb “quill.” Estudios de Historia Social y Económica de América 15: 59–76.
Boot, E. (1999). A new Naranjo area toponym: yo:ts. Mexicon 21(2): 39–42.
Brady, J. E., Ware, G. A., Luke, B., Cobb, A., Fogarty, J., and Shade, B. (1997). Preclassic cave utilization near Cobanerita, San Benito, Peten. Mexicon 19: 91–96.
Brannigan, A. (1981). The Social Basis of Scientific Discoveries, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Brewer, S. (1996). The ergative pre-consonantal u-glyph in Classic Maya inscriptions. Ms. in possession of author.
Bricker, H. M., and Bricker, V. R. (1992). Zodiacal references in the Maya codices. In Aveni, A. F. (ed.), The Sky in Mayan Literature, Oxford University Press, NewYork, pp. 143–183.
Bricker, H. M., and Bricker, V. R. (1997). More on the Mars table in the Dresden codex. Latin American Antiquity 8: 384–397.
Bricker, V. R. (1986). AGrammar of Mayan Hieroglyphs, Middle American Research Institute, Publication 56, Tulane University, New Orleans.
Bricker, V. R. (1989). The last gasp of Maya hieroglyphic writing in the books of Chilam Balam of Chumayel and Chan Kan. In Hanks, W. F., and Rice, D. S. (eds.), Word and Image in Maya Culture: Explorations in Language, Writing, and Representation, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 39–50.
Bricker, V. R. (1995). Advances in Maya epigraphy. Annual Review of Anthropology 24: 215–235.
Bricker, V. R., and Bill, C. R. (1994). Mortuary practices in the Madrid Codex. In Fields, V. M. (ed.), Seventh Palenque Round Table, 1989, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 195–200.
Bricker, V. R., Poot Yah, E., Dzul de Poot, O. (1998). A Dictionary of the Maya Language: As Spoken in Hocaba, Yucatan, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Bricker, V. R., and Vail, G. (eds.) (1997). Papers on the Madrid Codex, Middle American Research Institute, Publication 64, Tulane University, New Orleans.
Bright, W. (1990). Written and spoken language in South Asia. In Bright, W., Language Variation in South Asia, Oxford University Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 39–50.
Brown, G., and Yule, G. (1983). Discourse Analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Brown, R. McK. (1996). The Mayan language loyalty movement in Guatemala. In Fischer, E., and Brown, R. McK. (eds.), Mayan Cultural Activism in Guatemala, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 165–177.
Caminos, R. (1976). The recording of inscriptions and scenes in tombs and temples. In Fischer, H. G. (ed.), Ancient Egyptian Epigraphy and Palaeography, Metropolitian Museum of Art, New York, pp. 1–25.
Campbell, L. (1984). The implications of Mayan historical linguistics for glyphic research. In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, Publication 9, State University of New York, Albany, pp. 1–16.
Campbell, L., and Muntzel, M. C. (1989). The structural consequences of language death. In Dorian, N. C. (ed.), Investigating Obsolescence: Studies in Language Contraction and Death, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 181–196.
Carsten, J., and Hugh-Jones, S. (1995). Introduction. In Carsten, J., and Hugh-Jones, S. (eds.), About the House: Lévi-Strauss and Beyond, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 1–46.
Cazes, D. (1976). Épigraphie Maya et linguistique Mayane: Bibliographie préliminaire, Socété d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France, no. 5, Paris.
Chadwick, J. (1976). The Mycenaean World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Chase, A. F., and Chase, D. Z. (1987). Investigations at the Classic Maya City of Caracol, Belize: 1985- 1987, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, Monograph 3, San Francisco.
Chase, A. F., Grube, N., and Chase, D. Z. (1991). Three Terminal Classic monuments from Caracol, Belize, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing, 36, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Child, M. (1998). PN 28: Excavaciones en el baño de vapor S-4. In Escobedo, H., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Proyecto Arqueoló gico Piedras Negras: Informe Preliminar No. 2, Segunda Temporada 1998, Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala, pp. 183–189.
Chinchilla Mazariegos, O. (1990). Observaciones sobre los nombres personales en las inscripciones mayas del período clásico temprano, con especial referencia a Tikal, Unpublished Licenciatura thesis, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala.
Chinchilla Mazariegos, O. (1996). Settlement Patterns and Monumental Art at a Major Pre-Columbian Polity: Cotzumalguapa, Guatemala, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Vanderbilt University.
Chinchilla Mazariegos, O. (1999). Desarollo de la escritura en Mesoamérica durante el Preclásico. In Popenoe de Hatch, M. (ed.), Historia General de Guatemala, Tomo I, Asociación de Amigos del País, Fundació n para la Cultura y el Desarrollo, Guatemala City, pp. 557–562.
Chinchilla Mazariegos, O., and Escobedo Ayala, H. L. (1999). Las dinastías Maya clásicas: Informació n epigráfica. In Popenoe de Hatch, M. (ed.), Historia General de Guatemala, Tomo I, Asociación de Amigos del País, Fundación para la Cultura y el Desarrollo, Guatemala City, pp. 541-556.
Chinchilla, O., and Houston, S. D. (1993). Historia política de la zona de Piedras Negras: Las inscripciones de El Cayo. In Laporte, J. P., Escobedo, H. L., and Villagrán de Brady, S. (eds.), VI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Guatemala City, pp. 63–70.
Chippindale, C., and Pendergast, D. M. (1995). Intellectual property: Ethics, knowledge, and publication. In Lynott, M. J., and Wylie, A. (eds.), Ethics in American Archaeology: Challenges for the 1990s, Society for American Archaeology, Washington, DC, pp. 45–49.
Christy, J. J. (1995). Maya Period Ending Ceremonies: Restarting Time and Rebuilding the Cosmos to Assure Survival of the Maya World, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
Closs, M. (1987). Bilingual Glyphs, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 12, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Coe, M. D. (1973). The Maya Scribe and His World, Grolier Club, New York.
Coe, M. D. (1976). Early steps in the evolution of Maya writing. In Nicholson, H. B. (ed.), Origins of Religious Art and Iconography in Preclassic Mesoamerica, University of California at Los Angeles, Latin American Studies Series 31, Los Angeles, pp. 107–122.
Coe, M. D. (1977). Supernatural patrons of Maya scribes and artists. In Hammond, N., Social Process in Maya Prehistory: Studies in Honour of Sir Eric Thompson, Academic Press, London, pp. 327–347.
Coe, M. D. (1978). Lords of the Underworld: Masterpieces of Classic Maya Ceramics, Art Museum, Princeton University, Princeton.
Coe, M. D. (1988). Ideology of the Maya tomb. In Benson, E. P., and Griffin, G. G. (eds.), Maya Iconography, Princeton University Press, Princeton, pp. 222–235.
Coe, M. D. (1989). The Hero Twins: Myth and image. In Kerr, J. (ed.), The Maya Vase Book: Volume I, Kerr Associates, New York, pp. 161–184.
Coe, M. D. (1992). Breaking the Maya Code. Thames and Hudson, London.
Coe, M. D. (1995). On not breaking the Indus code. Antiquity 69: 393–395.
Coe, M. D. (1999). Breaking the Maya Code, rev. ed. Thames and Hudson, London.
Coe, M. D., and J. Kerr (1998). The Art of the Maya Scribe, Harry Abrams, New York.
Coggins, C. (1970). The Maya scandal: How thieves strip sites of past cultures. Smithsonian 1: 8–16.
CojtíCuxil, D. (1996). The politics of Mayan revindication. In Fischer, E., and Brown, R. McK. (eds.), Mayan Cultural Activism in Guatemala, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 19–50.
Colas, P. R. (1998). Ritual and politics in the underworld. Mexicon 22(5): 99–104.
Colas, P. R., Delvendahl, K., Kuhnert, M., and Pieler, A. (eds.) (2000). The Sacred and the Profane: Architecture and Identity in the Southern Maya Lowlands, Acta Mesoamericana 10, Markt Schwaben.
Cole, S. (1992). Making Science: Between Nature and Society, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Collingwood, R. (1946). The Idea of History, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cook, B. F. (1991). The archaeologist and the art market: Policies and practice. Antiquity 65: 533–537.
Cooper, J. S. (1996). Sumerian and Akkadian. In Daniels, P. T., and Bright, W. (eds.), theWorld's Writing Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 37–57.
Cooper, J. S. (1998). Sumerian and Semitic writing in most ancient Syro-Mesopotamia. Ms. in possession of author.
Culbert, T. P. (1993). TheCeramics of Tikal: Vessels from the Burials, Caches, and Problematical Deposits, Tikal Report No. 25, Part A, University Museum Monograph 81, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Culbert, T. P. (ed.) (1991). Classic Maya Political History: Hieroglyphic and Archaeological Evidence, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Daniels, P. T. (1996). Methods of decipherment. In Daniels, P. T., and Bright, W. (eds.), The World's Writing Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 141–159.
Darnton, R. (1999). The Great Cat Massacre and Other Episodes in French Cultural History, Basic Books, New York.
Davoust, M. (1995). L'Écriture Maya et son Déchiffrement, CNRS Éditions, Paris.
Davoust, M. (1997). Un Nouveau Commentaire du Codex de Dresde: Codex Hiéroglyphique Maya du XIVe Siécle, CNRS Éditions, Paris.
Deloria, V., Jr. (1992). Indians, archaeologists, and the future. American Antiquity 57(4): 595–598.
Demarest, A., Escobedo, H., Valdés, J. A., Houston, S., Wright, L., and Emery, K. (1991). Arqueología, epigrafía y el descubrimiento de una tumba real en el centro ceremonial de Dos Pilas, Péten, Guatemala. U t'ib 1: 14–28.
Demarest, A. A., O'Mansky, M., Wolley, C., Van Tuerenhout, D., Inomata, T., Palka, J., and Escobedo, H. (1997). Classic Maya defensive systems and warfare in the Petexbatun region: Archaeological evidence and interpretations. Ancient Mesoamerica 8(2): 229–254.
Donnan, C. B. (1991). Archaeology and looting: Preserving the record. Science 251: 498.
Dorfman, J. (1998). Getting their hands dirty Archaeologists and the looting trade. Lingua Franca May/June: 28–35.
Doyle, M. W. (1986). Empires, Cornell University Press, Ithaca.
Earle, T. K. (1987). Specialization and the production of wealth: Hawaiian chiefdoms and the Inka empire. In Brumfiel, E. M., and Earle, T. K. (eds.), Specialization, Exchange, and Complex Societies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 64–75.
Easby, E. K., and Scott, J. F. (1970). Before Cortés: Sculpture of Middle America, a Centennial Exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, from September 30, 1970 through January 3, 1971, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Elias, N. (1983). The Court Society, Pantheon, New York.
Elliott, J. H. (1970). The Old World and the New, 1492- 1650, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
England, N. (1998). Linda Schele in memóriam. Mésoamerica 35: 325–326.
Escobedo, H. L. (1991). Epigrafía e historia política de los sitios del noroeste de las montañas mayas durante el clásico tardío, Unpublished Licenciatura thesis, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala.
Escobedo, H. L. (1992). La funció n del “Glifo X” en las Series Lunares Mayas: Un examen a la hipó tesis de Linden. Apuntes Arqueológicos 2(1): 31–50.
Escobedo, H. L. (1997a). Arroyo de Piedra: Sociopolitical dynamics of a secondary center in the Petexbatun region. Ancient Mesoamerica 8: 307–320.
Escobedo, H. L. (1997b). Operaciones de rescate e interpretaciones de la arquitectura mayor de Punta de Chimino, Sayaxche, Peten. In Laporte, J. P., and Escobedo, H. L. (eds.), X Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueoló gicas en Guatemala, 1996, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Guatemala, pp. 389–402.
Escobedo, H. L., and Alvarado, C. (1998). PN 1: Excavaciones en la estructura O-13. In Escobedo, H. L., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Proyecto Arqueológico Piedras Negras, Informe Preliminar No. 2, Segunda Temporada, 1998, Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala, pp. 1–24.
Escobedo Ayala, H. L, and Fahsen, F. (1995). Decipherment of the Puerto Barrios altar. Mexicon 27: 92–95.
Escobedo, H. L., and Houston, S. D. (1997). Proyecto Arqueológico Piedras Negras, Informe Preliminar No. 2, Primera Temporada, 1997. Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala.
Escobedo, H. L., and Houston, S. D. (1998). Proyecto Arqueológico Piedras Negras, Informe Preliminar No. 2, Segunda Temporada, 1998. Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala.
Escobedo, H. L., and Houston, S. D. (1999). Proyecto Arqueológico Piedras Negras, Informe Preliminar No. 2, Tercera Temporada, 1999. Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala.
Fagan, B. (1993). The arrogant archaeologist. Archaeology 46(6): 14–16.
Fahsen, F. (1996). The early writing system of Kaminaljuyu. Paper presented at the Symposium “Paradigms of Power: Genesis and Foundation in Mesoamerica,” Texas Maya Meetings, Austin.
Fash, W. L. (1989). The sculptural fac¸ade of Structure 9N-82: Content, form, and significance. In Webster, D. (ed.), The House of the Bacabs, Copan, Honduras, Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 29, Washington, DC, pp. 41–72.
Fash, W. L. (1991). Scribes, Warriors, and Kings: The City of Copán and the Ancient Maya, Thames and Hudson, London.
Fash, B. W., and Fash, W. L. (1996). Maya resurrection. Natural History 105(4): 24–28.
Fettweis-Vienot, M. (1981). Les peintures murales postclassiques du Quintana Roo, Mexique, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, École des Hautes Études du Sciences Sociales.
Fettweis-Vienot, M. (1984). The first complete documentation of the Mayan murals of Mexico and Guatemala. In Spirit of Enterprise: The 1984 Rolex Awards, Aurum Press, London, pp. 158–161.
Fischer, E. F. (1993). The Pan-Maya Movement in Global and Local Context, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Tulane University.
Fischer, E. F. (1999). Cultural logic and Maya identity: Rethinking constructivism and essentialism. Current Anthropology 40: 473–499.
Fischer, E. F., and Brown, R. McK. (1996). Introduction: Maya cultural activism in Guatemala. In Fischer, E., and Brown, R. McK. (eds.), Mayan Cultural Activism in Guatemala, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 1–18.
Fischer, S. R. (1997). Rongorongo, The Easter Island Script: History, Traditions, Texts, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Flannery, K. V., and Marcus, J. (1999). Formative Mexican chiefdoms and the myth of the “mother culture.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 19: 1–37.
Fogelson, R. (1989). The ethnohistory of events and nonevents. Ethnohistory 36(2): 133–147.
Folan, W. J., Marcus, J., Pincemin, S., Domínguez Carrasco, M. del R., Fletcher, L., and Morales López, A. (1995). Calakmul: Newdata from an ancient Maya capital in Campeche, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 6: 310–334.
Freidel, D. (1999). Primordial cities and the idea of empire: Identifying the Maya Tollan. Paper presented at the 98th annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Chicago.
Freidel, D., Schele, L, and Parker, J. (1993). Maya Cosmos: Three Thousand Years on the Shaman's Path, William Morrow, New York.
Freidel, D., Suhler, C. K., and Palma, C. R. (1998). Termination ritual deposits at Yaxuna: Detecting the historical in archaeologist contexts. In Mock, S. B. (ed.), The Sowing and the Dawning, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 135–146.
Fu, S., Lowry, G. D., and Yonemura, A. (1986). From Concept to Context: Approaches to Asian and Islamic Calligraphy, Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
García Campillo, J. M. (1992). Informe epigráfico sobre Oxkintok y la cerámica Chocholá. Oxkintok 4: 185–200.
García Campillo, J. M. (1995a). Antroponimía y toponimía en las inscripciones mayas clásicas del norte de Yucatán, Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
García Campillo, J. M. (1995b). El contexto social de la práctica escrituraria Maya. In Escritura indígena de México: II Curso monográfico de cultura mexicana, Instituto de México en España, Madrid, pp. 47–60.
García Campillo, J. M. (1996). Sufijo verbal -ki# en las inscripciones de Chichén Itzá. Mayab 10: 50–58.
García Campillo, J. M. (1997). Another link between ethnohistoric and epigraphic K' ak'upakals. Yumtzilob 9(1): 23–28.
García Campillo, J. M. (1998a). Datos epigráficos para la historia de Jaina durante el períó do Clásico. In Los investigadores de la cultura Maya, No. 6, Universidad Autó noma de Campeche y Secretaría de Educació n Pú blica, Campeche, pp. 45–62.
García Campillo, J. M. (1998b). Textos augurales en las tapas de bó vedas clásicas de Yucatán. In Cuidad, A., Fernández, García, M. J. Iglesias, A. Lacadena, and Sanz, L. (eds.), Anatomía de una civilizació n: Aproximaciones interdisciplinarias a la cultura maya, Sociedad Españ ola de Estudios Mayas, Madrid, pp. 297–322.
García Campillo, J. M. (2000). Estudio introductorio del léxico de las inscripciones de Chichén Itzá, Yucatán, México, British Archaeological Reports, International Series 831, Archaeopress.
García Campillo, J. M., and Lacadena García-Gallo, A. (1988). Los jeroglíficos de Oxkintok. Oxkintok 1: 91–107.
García Campillo, J. M., and Lacadena García-Gallo, A. (1989). Nuevos textos glíficos de Oxkintok. Oxkintok 2: 127–137.
García Campillo, J. M., and Lacadena García-Gallo, A. (1990). Notas sobre cuatro dinteles del siglo V. Oxkintok 3: 159–171.
García Campillo, J. M., and Lacadena García-Gallo, A. (1992). Sobre dos textos glíficos del Postclásico de Dzibilchaltú n. Mayab 8: 46–53.
García Moll, R. (1996). La ciudad en la selva: Yaxchilán, Chiapas. Arqueología Mexicana 22: 36–45.
Gaur, A. (1992). A History of Writing, Cross River Press, New York.
Gelb, I. J. (1975). Records, writing, and decipherment. In Paper, H. H. (ed.), Language and Texts: The Nature of Linguistic Evidence, Center for Coördination of Ancient and Modern Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. 59–86.
Gell, A. (1992). The Anthropology of Time: Cultural Constructions of Temporal Maps and Images, Berg, Oxford.
Gibson, E. C., Shaw, L. C., and Finamore, D. R. (1986). Early Evidence of Maya Hieroglyphic Writing at Kichpanha, Belize,Working Papers in Archaeology No. 2, Center for Archaeological Research, University of Texas, San Antonio.
Golden, C., Barrientos, T., Hruby, Z, and Muñ oz, R. (1998). Nuevas investigaciones en un sitio secundario en la regió n del Usumacinta. Paper presented at the XII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueoló gicas en Guatemala, Guatemala City.
Gordon, A. E. (1983). Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Graham, I. (1975). Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions, Volume 1: Introduction, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Graham, I. (1980). Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions, Volume 2, Part 3: Ixkun, Ucanal, Ixtutz, Naranjo, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Graham, I. (1988). Homeless hieroglyphs. Antiquity 62: 122–126.
Graham, I. (1997). Mission to La Corona. Archaeology 50(5): 46.
Graham, I., and Mathews, P. (1996). Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions, Volume 6, Part 2: Tonina, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Graham, J.A. (1972). TheHieroglyphic Inscriptions and Monumental Art of Altar de Sacrificios, Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. 64, no. 2, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Grañ -Behrens, D., Prager, C., and Wagner, E. (1999). The hieroglyphic inscription of the “High Priest's Grave” at Chichén Itzá, Yucatán, Mexico. Mexicon 22(3): 61–66.
Greene, M. (1966). Classic Maya rubbings. Expedition 9(1): 30–39.
Greenfield, J. (1996). The Return of Cultural Treasures, 2nd ed, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Griffin, G. (1989). Collecting Pre-Columbian art. In Messenger, P. M. (ed.), The Ethics of Collecting Cultural Property: Whose Culture Whose Property?, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 103–115.
Grube, N. (1990a). Die Entwicklung der Mayaschrift, Verlag von Flemming, Berlin.
Grube, N. (1990b). Die Errichtung von Stelen: Entzifferung einer Verbhieroglyphe auf Monumenten der Klassischen Mayakultur. In Illius, B., and Laubscher, M. (eds.), Circumpacifica: Festschrift für Thomas Barthel, Peter Lang, Frankfurt, pp. 189–215.
Grube, N. (1990c). The Primary Standard Sequence on ChocholáStyle Ceramics. In Kerr, J. (ed.), The Maya Vase Book: A Corpus of Rollout Photographs of Maya Vases, Volume 2, Kerr Associates New York, pp. 320–330.
Grube, N. (1992). Classic Maya dance: Evidence from hieroglyphs and iconography. Ancient Mesoamerica 3: 201–218.
Grube, N. (1994a). A preliminary report on the monuments and inscriptions of La Milpa, Orange Walk, Belize. Baessler-Archiv LXII: 217–238.
Grube, N. (1994b). Epigraphic research at Caracol, Belize. In Chase, D. Z., and Chase, A. F. (eds.), Studies in the Archaeology of Caracol, Belize, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, Monograph 7, San Francisco, pp. 83–122.
Grube, N. (1994c). Hieroglyphic sources for the history of northwestern Yucatan. In Prem, H. (ed.), Hidden among the Hills: Maya Archaeology of the North-Western Yucatan Peninsula, Acta Mesoamericana 7, Verlag von Flemming, Möckmühl.
Grube, N. (1994d). Observations on the history of Maya hieroglyphic writing. In Robertson, M. G., and Fields, V. M. (eds.), Seventh Palenque Round Table, 1989, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 177–186.
Grube, N. (1996). Palenque in the Maya world. In Macri, M., and McHargue, J. (eds.), Palenque Round Table- 1993, Vol. X, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 1–13.
Grube, N. (1998a). Deceased: Linda Schele (1942- 1998). Mexicon 20(3): 50–51.
Grube, N. (1998b). Speaking through stones: A quotative particle in Maya hieroglyphic inscriptions. In Dedenbach-Salazar Sáenz, S., Arellano Hoffmann, C., König, E., and Prümers, H. (eds.), 50 Years of Americanist Studies at the University of Bonn, Verlag Anton Saurwein, Bonn, pp. 543–558.
Grube, N. (1999). Observations on the Late Classic interregnum at Yaxchilan. In Bray, W., and Manzanilla, L. (eds.), The Archaeology of Mesoamerica: Mexican and European Perspectives, British Museum Press, London, pp. 116–127.
Grube, N. (n.d.). Onomástica de los gobernantes mayas. Paper presented at the 1999 Mesa Redonda de Palenque, Chiapas.
Grube, N., and Martin, S. (1998). TheWorkbook for the XXIIth Maya Hieroglyphic Workshop at Texas, Deciphering Maya Politics, Department of Art, University of Texas, Austin.
Grube, N., and Nahm, W. (1990). A sign for the syllable mi, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing, no. 33, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Grube, N., and Nahm, W. (1994). A census of Xibalba:Acomplete inventory of Way characters on Maya ceramics. In Kerr, J. (ed.), The Maya Vase Book: A Corpus of Rollout Photographs of Maya Vases, Volume 4, Kerr Associates, New York, pp. 686–715.
Grube, N., and Robb, M. (1999). Yuri Valentinovich Knorozov (1922- 1999). Mexicon 21(3): 57.
Grube, N., and Schele, L. (1994). Kuy, the owl of omen and war. Mexicon 16(1):10–17.
Grube, N., and Schele, L. (1995). The Workbook for the XIXth Maya Hieroglyphic Workshop at Texas, with Commentaries on the Last Two Hundred Years of Maya History, Department of Art, University of Texas, Austin.
Grube, N., Schele, L., and Fahsen, F. (1992). Anotaciones epigráficas sobre Quiriguá. Apuntes Arqueoló gicos 2(1): 51–59.
Grube, N., and Stuart, D. (1987). Observations on T110 as the Syllable ko, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 8, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Hammond, N. (1993). Review of Breaking the Maya Code. Journal of Field Archaeology 20: 232–236.
Hammond, N., Howarth, S., and Wilk, R. R. (1999). The Discovery, Exploration, and Monuments of Nim Li Punit, Belize, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 40, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Hammond, N., and Molleson, T. (1994). Huguenot weavers and Maya kings: Anthropological assessment versus documentary record of age at death. Mexicon 16: 75–77.
Hanks, W. (1990). Referential Practice, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Hansen, R. D. (1991). An Early Maya Text from El Mirador, Guatemala, Research Reports in Ancient Maya Writing 37, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Harbsmeier, M. (1988). Inventions of writing. In Gledhill, J., Bender, B., and Trolle Larsen, M. (eds.), State and Society: The Emergence and Development of Social Hierarchy and Political Centralization, Unwin Hyman, London, pp. 253–276.
Harris, J. F. (1994). A Resource Bibliography for the Decipherment of Maya Hieroglyphs and New Maya Hieroglyph Readings, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Harris, J. F., and S. K. Stearns. (1997). Understanding Maya Inscriptions: A Hieroglyph Handbook, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Harris, W. V. (1989). Ancient Literacy, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Hassig, R. (1988). Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Havelock, E. (1982). The Literate Revolution in Greece and its Cultural Consequences, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Hellmuth, N. M. (1987). Monster und Menschen in der Maya-Kunst, Akademische Druck-u. Verlaganstalt, Graz.
Henderson, J. S., and Sabloff, J. A. (1993). Reconceptualizing the Maya cultural tradition: Programmatic comments. In Sabloff, J. A., and Henderson, J. S. (eds.), Lowland Maya Civilization in the Eighth Century A.D., Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 445–475.
Herring, A. (1999). Sculpture in the Maya Cities, A.D. 250- 800: A Critical Study, Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Yale University.
Hofling, C. A., and Tesucú n, F. F. (1997). Itzaj Maya- Spanish- English Dictionary; Diccionario Maya Itzaj- Españ ol- Inglés, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Holley, G. R. (1983). Ceramic Change at Piedras Negras, Ph.D. dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Hopkins, N. A. (1997). Decipherment and the relation between Mayan languages and Maya writing. In Macri, M. J., and Ford, A. (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 77–88.
Houston, S. D. (1986). Problematic Emblem Glyphs: Examples from Altar de Sacrificios, El Chorro, Río Azul, and Xultun, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 3, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Houston, S. D. (1987). The Inscriptions and Monumental Art of Dos Pilas, Guatemala: A Study of Classic Maya History and Politics, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University.
Houston, S. D. (1989a). Archaeology and Maya writing. Journal of World Prehistory 3(1): 1–32.
Houston, S. D. (1989b). Reading the Past: Maya Glyphs, British Museum Press, London.
Houston, S. D. (1993). Hieroglyphs and History at Dos Pilas, Guatemala: Dynastic Politics of the Classic Maya, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Houston, S. D. (1994). Literacy among the Pre-Columbian Maya: A comparative perspective. In Mignolo, W., and Boone, E. H. (eds.), Writing Without Words, Duke University Press, Durham, pp. 27–49.
Houston, S. D. (1996). Symbolic sweatbaths of the Maya: Architectural meaning in the Cross Group, Palenque, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 7(2): 132–151.
Houston, S. D. (1997a). Estados dé biles y estructura sementaria: La organizació n interna de las entidades políticas mayas. Apuntes Arqueoló gicos 5(1): 67–92.
Houston, S. D. (1997b). A king worth a hill of beans. Archaeology May/June: 40.
Houston, S. D. (1997c). Review of The Paris Codex: Handbook for a Maya Priest, by B. Love. American Anthropologist 99: 459–460.
Houston, S. D. (1997d). The shifting now: Aspect, deixis, and narrative in Classic Maya texts. American Anthropologist 99: 291–305.
Houston, S. D. (1998a). Classic Maya depictions of the built environment. In Houston, S. D. (ed.), Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 333–372.
Houston, S. D. (1998b). Finding function and meaning in Classic Maya architecture. In Houston, S. D. (ed.), Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 519–538.
Houston, S. D. (1999). Classic Maya religion: Beliefs and practices of an ancient American people. BYU Studies 38(4): 43–72.
Houston, S. D. (2000). Floyd Glenn Lounsbury (1914- 1998). In Inomata, T., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya, Westview Press, Boulder (in press).
Houston, S. D., Chinchilla Mazariegos, O., and Stuart, D. (2000). The Decipherment of Ancient Maya Writing, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman(in press).
Houston, S. D., and Cummins, T. (1998). Body, presence, and space in Andean and Mesoamerican rulership. Paper presented at “Ancient Palaces of the New World: Form, Function, and Meaning,” Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Houston, S. D., and Escobedo, H. (1997). Descifrando la política Maya: Perspectivas arqueoló gicas y epigráficas sobre el concepto de los estados segmentarios. In Laporte, J. P., and Escobedo, H. L. (eds.), X Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueoló gicas en Guatemala, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes Guatemala City, pp. 463–481.
Houston, S. D., and Escobedo, H. (1998). 50 añ os más tarde: Nuevas investigaciones arqueoló gicas en Piedras Negras. In Laporte, J. P., and Escobedo, H. (eds.), XI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueoló gicas en Guatemala, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Guatemala, pp. 281–295.
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Child, M., Golden, C., and Muñ oz, R. (1999). El inicio de una ciudad Maya: Una perspectiva desde Piedras Negras, Guatemala. Paper presented at the IX Encuentro, Los Investigadores de la Cultura Maya, Campeche, Mexico.
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Child, M., Golden, C., Muñ oz, R., and Urquizú , M. (1998b), Monumental architecture at Piedras Negras, Guatemala: Time, history, meaning. Mayab 11: 40–56.
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Forsyth, D., Hardin, P., Webster, D., and Wright, L. (1998a). On the River of Ruins: Explorations at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, 1997. Mexicon 20: 16–22.
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Terry, R., Veni, G., Webster, D., and Emery, K. (2000). Among the river kings: Archaeological research at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, 1999. Mexicon 22: 8–17.
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Hardin, P., Terry, R., Webster, D., Child, M., Golden, C., Emery, K., and Stuart, D. (1999). Between mountains and sea: Investigations at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, 1998. Mexicon 21: 10–17.
Houston, S. D., and Mathews, P. (1985). The Dynastic Sequence of Dos Pilas, Guatemala, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute Monograph 1, San Francisco.
Houston, S. D., Robertson J., and Stuart, D. (2000a). The language of Classic Maya inscriptions. Current Anthropology 41(3): 321–356.
Houston, S. D., Robertson J., and Stuart, D. (2000b). Quality and Quantity in Glyphic Nouns and Adjectives, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC (in press).
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (1989). “Co-essences”among the Classic Maya, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 30, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (1992). On Maya hieroglyphic literacy. Current Anthropology 33(5): 589–593.
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (1993). Multiple voices in Maya writing: Evidence for first and second-person references. Paper presented at the 58th meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, St. Louis.
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (1996). Of gods, glyphs, and kings: Divinity and rulership among the Classic Maya. Antiquity 70: 289–312.
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (1998a). The ancient Maya self: Personhood and portraiture in the Classic period. RES 33: 73–101.
Houston, S. D., and Stuart, D. (2000). Peopling the Classic Maya court. In Inomata, T., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya, Westview Press, Boulder (in press).
Houston, S. D., Stuart, D., and Robertson, J. (1998). Disharmony in Maya hieroglyphic writing: Linguistic change and continuity in Classic society. In Cuidad, A., Fernández, García, M. J. Iglesias, A. Lacadena, and Sanz, L. (eds.), Anatomía de una civilizació n: Aproximaciones interdisciplinarias a la cultura maya, Sociedad Españ ola de Estudios Mayas, Madrid, pp. 275–296.
Houston, S. D., Stuart, D., and Taube, K. (1989). Folk classification of Classic Maya pottery. American Anthropologist 91: 720–726.
Houston, S. D., Stuart, D., Wolley, C., and Wright, L. (1991). A death monument: Dos Pilas Throne 1. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University.
Houston, S. D., Symonds, S., Stuart, D., and Demarest, A. (1991). A civil war of the Late Classic period: Evidence from Hieroglyphic Stairway 4. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University.
Houston, S. D., and Taube, K. (2000). An archaeology of the senses: Perception and cultural expression in ancient Mesoamerica. Cambridge Archaeological Journal (in press).
Hruby, Z., and Child, M. (1999). Chontal influences in the Maya Lowlands: Reconsidering the Putun hypothesis. Ms. in possession of author.
Inomata, T. (1995). Archaeological Investigations at the Fortified Center of Aguateca, El Petén, Guatemala: Implications for the Study of the Classic Maya Collapse, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Vanderbilt University.
Inomata, T. (1997). The last day of a fortified Classic Maya center: Archaeological investigations at Aguateca, Guatemala. Ancient Mesoamerica 8: 337–351.
Inomata, T., and Houston, S. D. (2000). Opening the Royal Maya court. In Inomata, T., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya, Westview Press, Boulder (in press).
Inomata, T., and Stiver, L. (1998). Floor assemblages from burned structures at Aguateca, Guatemala:Astudy of Classic Maya households. Journal of Field Archaeology 25:431–452.
Jenkins, K. (1991). Re-Thinking History, Routledge, London.
Jones, A. H. M, Martindale, J. R., and Morris, J. (1971). The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Volume 1, A.D. 260- 395, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Jones, C., and Satterthwaite, L. (1982). The Monuments and Inscriptions of Tikal: The Carved Monuments, Tikal Reports No. 33, Part A, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Jones, G. D. (1998). The Conquest of the Last Maya Kingdom, Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Jones, T. (1985). The xoc, the sharke, and the sea dogs: An historical encounter. In Fields, V. M. (ed.), Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983, Vol. VII, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 211–222.
Josserand, J. K. (1975). Archaeological and linguistic correlations for Mayan prehistory. Actas del XLA Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Instituto de Antropología e History, Mexico, pp. 501–510.
Josserand, J. K. (1997). Participant tracking in Maya hieroglyphic texts: Who was that masked man In Macri, M. J., and Ford, A. (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 111–127.
Josserand, J. K., and Hopkins, N. A. (1988). Chol (Mayan) Dictionary Database. Final performance report presented to the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Joyce, T. A. (1938). Guide to the Maudslay Collection of Maya Sculptures (Casts and Originals) from Central America, British Museum, London.
Justeson, J. S. (1978). Mayan Scribal Practice in the Classic Period: A Test Case of an Exploratory Approach to the Study of Writing Systems, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.
Justeson, J. S. (1986). The origins of writing systems: Preclassic Mesoamerica. World Archaeology 17(3): 437–458.
Justeson, J. S. (1989a). Ancient Maya ethnoastronomy: An overview of hieroglyphic sources. In Aveni, A. F. (ed.), World Archaestronomy: Selected Papers from the 2nd Oxford International Conference on Archaeastronomy Held in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, 13- 17 January 1986, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 76–129.
Justeson, J. S. (1989b). The representational conventions of Mayan hieroglyphic writing. In Hanks, W. F., and Rice, D. S. (eds.), Word and Image in Maya Culture: Explorations in Language, Writing, and Representation, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 25–38.
Justeson, J. S. (1995). Preface to the second printing. In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesaomerican Studies, State University of New York Publication 9, Albany, pp. xiii–xvi.
Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (1997). The linguistic background of Maya hieroglyphic writing: Arguments against a “Highland Mayan” role. In Macri, M. J., and Ford, A. (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 41–67.
Justeson, J. S., and Kaufman, T. (1992). Un desciframiento de la escritura jeroglífica epiolmeca: Métodos y resultados. Arqueología 8: 15–26.
Justeson, J. S., and Kaufman, T. (1993). A decipherment of Epi-Olmec hieroglyphic writing. Science 259: 1703–1711.
Justeson, J. S., and Kaufman, T. (1997). A newly discovered column in the hieroglyphic text on La Mojarra Stela 1: A test of the Epi-Olmec decipherment. Science 277: 207–210.
Justeson, J. S., and Mathews, P. (1990). Evolutionary trends in Mesoamerican hieroglyphic writing. Visible Language XXIV(1): 88–132.
Justeson, J. S., Norman, W. M., Campbell, L. R., and Kaufman, T. S. (1985). The Foreign Impact on Lowland Mayan Language and Script, Middle American Research Institute, Publication 53, Tulane University, New Orleans.
Kamal, O., Ware, G. A., Houston, S., Chabries, D. M. Christiansen, R., Brady, J., and Graham, I. (1999). Multispectral image processing for detail reconstruction and enhancement of Maya murals from La Pasadita, Guatemala. Journal of Archaeological Science 26: 1391–1407.
Kaufman, T. S. (1974). Idiomas de Mesoamérica, Seminario de Integració n Social Guatemalteca, Publicació n 33, Ministerio de Educació n, Guatemala.
Kaufman, T. S. (1976). Archaeological and linguistic correlations in Maya-land and associated areas of Meso-America. World Archaeology 8: 101–118.
Kaufman, T. S., and Norman, W. M. (1984). An outline of Proto-Cholan phonology, morphology, and vocabulary. In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, Publication 9, State University of New York, Albany, pp. 77–166.
Kelley, D. H. (1966). A cylinder Seal from Tlaltilco. American Antiquity 31: 744–746.
Kelley, D. H. (1993). The decipherment of the Epi-Olmec Script as Zoquean by Justeson and Kaufman. The Review of Archaeology 14(1): 29–32.
Keppie, L. (1991). Understanding Roman Inscriptions, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Kerr, J. (1990). The Maya Vase Book: A Corpus of Rollout Photographs of Maya Vases, Volume 2, Kerr Associates, New York.
Keshishian, J. M. (1987). Notes on the rubbing of the La Mojarra stela. In Winfield Capitaine, F., La Estela 1 de La Mojarra, Veracruz, México, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 16, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC, pp. 29–36.
Kim-Renaud, Y.-K. (ed.) (1996). The Korean Writing System: Its History and Structure, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
Knorosov, Y., and Yershova, G. G. (n.d.). An inscription on a sarcophagus at Palenque. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University.
Kris, E., and Kurz, O. (1979). Legend, Myth, and Magic in the Image of the Artist, Yale University Press, New Haven.
Krochock, R. (1991). Dedication ceremonies at Chichén Itzá: The glyphic evidence. In Fields, V. M. (ed.), Sixth Palenque Round Table, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, pp. 43–50.
Kurbjuhn, K. (1989). Maya: The Complete Catalogue of Glyph Readings, Schneider and Weber, Kassel.
Lacadena, A. (1992). El anillo jeroglífico del Juego de Pelota de Oxkintok. Oxkintok 4: 177–184.
Lacadena, A. (1994). Propuesta para la lectura del signo T158. Mayab 9: 62–65.
Lacadena, A. (1995). Evolució n formal de las grafías escriturarias mayas: Implicaciones histó ricas y culturales, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Lacadena, A. (1997a). Bilingüismo en el Có dice de Madrid. In Los investigadores de la cultura Maya, No. 5, Universidad Autó noma de Campeche y Secretaría de Educació n Pú blica, Campeche, pp. 184–204.
Lacadena, A. (1997b). On Classic-w suffix morphology. Yumtzilob 9(1): 45–51.
Lacadena, A. (1998). Antipassive constructions in the Maya glyphic texts. Paper presented at the 63rd annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Seattle.
Lacadena, A. (1999). Maya paleography. Paper presented at the 4th European Maya conference, Copenhagen.
Lacadena, A. (in press). Passive voice in Classic Maya texts:...(h)C-ah and -n-ah constructions. Mexicon (in press).
Lacadena, A., and Wichmann, S. (1999). The distribution of lowland Maya languages in the Classic period. Paper presented at the 1999 Mesa Redonda de Palenque, Chiapas.
Lambert, J. B., Ownbey-McLaughlin, B., and McLaughlin, C. D. (1980). Maya arithmetic. American Scientist 68: 249–255.
Laughlin, R. M. (1988). TheGreat Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology 31, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
Lee, T. A., Jr., and Hayden, B. (1988). San Pablo Cave and El Cayo on the Usumacinta River, Chiapas, Mexico, Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation, No. 53, Brigham Young University, Provo.
Le Fort, G. (1998). La splendeur des mayas, ces grecs du nouveau-monde. In Mexique, terre des dieux: Trésors de l'art précolombien, Musée Rath, 8 Octobre 1998- 24 Janvier 1999, Musées d'Art et d'Histoire Genè ve, Genè ve.
Le Fort, G., and Wald, R. (1995). Large numbers on Naranjo Stela 32. Mexicon 17: 112–114.
Lemonick, M. D. (1993). Secrets of the Maya. Time 142(6): 44–50.
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1987). Anthropology and Myth: Lectures, 1951- 1982, Blackwell, Oxford.
Little, D. (1991). Varieties of Social Explanation: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Westview Press, Boulder.
Lockhart, J. (1992). The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries, Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Looper, M. (1995). The Sculpture Programs of Butz'-Tiliw, an Eighth-Century Maya King of Quirigua, Guatemala, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
Looper, M. (1996). The Workbook for the XXth Maya Hieroglyphic Workshop at Texas, with Commentary on the Inscriptions of Quirigua and Copan, Department of Art, University of Texas, Austin.
Looper, M. (1990). New perspectives on the Late Classic political history of Quirigua, Guatemala. Ancient Mesoamerica 10: 263–280.
Lorenzo, J. L. (1981). Archaeology south of the Rio Grande. World Archaeology 13: 190–208.
Lounsbury, F. G. (1973). On the derivation and reading of the “Ben-Ich”prefix. In Benson, E. P. (ed.), Mesoamerican Writing Systems, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 99–143.
Lounsbury, F. G. (1978). Maya numeration, computation, and calendrical astronomy. In Gillispie, C. C. (ed.), Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Volume 15, Supplement 1, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, pp. 759–818.
Lounsbury, F. G. (1984). Glyphic substitutions: Homophonic and synonymic. In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, Publication 9, State University of NewYork, Albany, pp. 167–184.
Lounsbury, F. G. (1989). The names of a king: Hieroglyphic variants as a key to decipherment. In Hanks, W. F., and Rice, D. S. (eds.), Word and Image in Maya Culture: Explorations in Language, Writing, and Representation, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 73–91.
Lounsbury, F. G. (1997). The wrong language. In Macri, M. J., and Ford, A. (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 33–40.
Love, B. (1994). The Paris Codex: Handbook for a Maya Priest, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Love, B. (1995). A Dresden Codex Mars Table Latin American Antiquity 6: 350–361.
Lucero, L. J. (1999). Classic lowland Maya political organization. Journal of World Prehistory 13(2): 211–263.
Luttwak, E. (1976). The Grant Strategy of the Roman Empire, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
MacLeod, B. (1982). Appendix 5: Split-ergativity in the Cholan and Yucatecan languages. In Schele, L., Maya Glyphs: The Verbs, University of Texas Press, Austin.
MacLeod, B. (1984). Cholan and Yucatecan verb morphology and glyphic verbal affixes in the inscriptions. In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, Publication 9, State University of New York, Albany, pp. 77–106.
MacLeod, B. (1987). An Epigrapher's Annotated Index to Cholan and Yucatecan Verb Morphology, University of Missouri Monographs in Anthropology 9, Columbia.
MacLeod, B. (1990). Deciphering the Primary Standard Sequence,Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
MacLeod, B., and Reents-Budet, D. (1994). The art of calligraphy: Image and meaning. In Reents-Budet, D., Painting the Maya Universe: Royal Ceramics of the Classic Period, Duke University Press, Durham, pp. 106–163.
Macri, M. J. (1983). Phoneticism in Maya Head Variant Numerals, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of California, Berkeley.
Macri, M. J. (1988). A Descriptive Grammar of Palenque Mayan, Unpublished, Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.
Macri, M. J. (1991). Prepositions and complementizers in the Classic period inscriptions. In Fields, V. M.(ed.), Sixth Palenque Round Table, 1986, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, pp. 266–272.
Malmström, V. H. (1997). Cycles of the Sun, Mysteries of the Moon: TheCalendar in Mesoamerican Civilization, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Marcus, J. (1976). Emblem and State in the Classic Maya Lowlands: An Epigraphic Approach to Territorial Organization, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Marcus, J. (1987). The Inscriptions of Calakmul: Royal Marriage at a Maya City in Campeche, Mexico. University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology Technical Reports 21, Ann Arbor.
Marcus, J. (1992a). Mesoamerican Writing Systems: Propaganda, Myth, and History in Four Ancient Civilizations, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Marcus, J. (1992b). Political fluctuations in Mesoamerica. National Geographic Research and Exploration 8(4): 392–411.
Marcus, J. (1992c). Royal families, royal texts: Examples from the Zapotec and Maya. In Chase, D. Z., and Chase, A. F. (eds.), Mesoamerican Elites: An Archaeological Assessment,University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, pp. 221–237.
Marcus, J. (1995). Maya hieroglyphs: History of propaganda In Ember, C. R., Ember, M., and Peregrine, P. (eds.), Research Frontiers in Anthropology, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp. 1–24.
Martin, S. (1996). Tikal's “star war” against Naranjo. In Macri, M., and McHargue, J. (eds.), Eighth Palenque Round Table, 1993, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 223–236.
Martin, S. (1997). The painted king list: A commentary on Codex-style dynastic vases. In Kerr, J. (ed.), The Maya Vase Book: A Corpus of Rollout Photographs of Maya Vases, Kerr Associates, New York, pp. 846–867.
Martin, S. (2000). At the periphery: The movement, modification, and re-use of early monuments in the environs of Tikal. In Colas, P. R., Delvendahl, K., Kuhnert, M., and Pieler, A. (eds.), The Sacred and the Profane: Architecture and Identity in the Southern Maya Lowlands. Acta Mesoamericana 10, Markt Schwaben, pp. 51–62.
Martin, S. (1998b). Middle Classic Tikal: Kings, queens, and consorts. Paper presented at “Lindafest,” University of Texas at Austin.
Martin, S. (1998c). Report on epigraphic fieldwork at Calakmul: 1995- 1998. Ms. in possession of author.
Martin, S. (1999). Los señ ores de Calakmul. Arqueología Mexicana 7(42): 40–50.
Martin, S. (2000). Court and realm: Architectural signatures in the Classic Maya southern lowlands. In Inomata, T., and Houston, S. D. (eds.), Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya, Westview Press, Boulder (in press).
Martin, S., and Grube, N. (1995). Maya Superstates. Archaeology 48(6): 41–43.
Martin, S., and Grube, N. (1999). Chronicle of Maya Kings, Thames and Hudson, London (in press).
Masson, M. A., and Orr, H. (1998). The role of Zapotec genealogical records in late Precolumbian Valley of Oaxaca political history. Mexicon 20(1): 10–15.
Mathews, P. L. (1988). The Sculpture of Yaxchilan, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University.
Mathews, P. L. (1991). Classic Maya emblem glyphs. In Culbert, T. P. (ed.), Classic Maya Political History: Hieroglyphic and Archaeological Evidence, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 19–29.
Mathews, P. L. (1997). La escultura de Yaxchilan, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. (Translation of Mathews [1988]).
Mathews, P. L., and Aliphat Fernández, M. M. (1997). Informe de la temporada de campo 1993, Proyecto El Cayo. Report presented to the Consejo de Arqueología del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia.
Mathews, P. L., and Justeson, J. S. (1984). Patterns of sign substitution in Mayan hieroglyphic writing: “The affix cluster.” In Justeson, J. S., and Campbell, L. (eds.), Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, Publication 9, State University of New York, Albany, pp. 185–231.
Mathews, P., and Willey, G. R. (1991). Prehistoric polities in the Pasion region: Hieroglyphic texts and their archaeological settings. In Culbert, T. P. (ed.), Classic Maya Political History, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 30–71.
Mayer, K. H. (1987). Two Maya painted stones from Campeche. Mexicon 9: 99–100.
Mayer, K. H. (1990). Maya-Wandmalereien in der Puuc-Region (Mexiko). Antike Welt 21(1): 26–44.
Mayer, K. H. (1995). Maya Monuments: Sculptures of Unknown Provenance, Supplement 4, Academic Publishers, Graz.
Mayer, K. H. (1997). An inscribed limestone incensario from Palenque. Mexicon 19(1): 1–2.
Mayer, K. H., and García Campillo, J. M. (1998). A unique Maya stone sculpture from Etzna. Mexicon 19(2): 22.
McAnany, P. (1995). Living with the Ancestors: Kinship and Kingship in Ancient Maya Society, University of Texas Press, Austin.
McAnany, P. (1998). Ancestors and the Classic Maya built environment. In Houston, S. D. (ed.), Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington. DC, pp. 271–298.
Merrim, S. (1993). The counter-discourse of Bartolomé de Las Casas. In Williams, J. M., and Lewis, R. E. (eds.), Early Images of the Americas: Transfer and Invention, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 149–162.
Michalowski, P. (1983). History as charter. Journal of the American Oriental Society 103: 237–248.
Michalowski, P. (1990). Early Mesopotamian communicative systems: Art, literature, and writing. In Gunter, A. C. (ed.), Investigating Artistic Environments in the Ancient Near East, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC, pp. 53–70.
Miller, M. E. (1986). The Murals of Bonampak, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Miller, M. E. (1997). Imaging Maya art. Archaeology May/June: 34–40.
Miller, M. E. (1999). Maya Art and Architecture, Thames and Hudson, London.
Miller, M. E., and Houston, S. D. (1998). Algunos comentarios sobre las inscripciones jeroglíficas en las pinturas de la estructura 1 de Bonampak. In Staines Cicero, L. (ed.), La Pintura Mural Prehispánica en México: II, Área Maya, Bonampak; Tomo II, Estudios, Universidad Nacional Autó noma de México, Mexico, pp. 245–254.
Miram, H.-M., and Bricker, V. R. (1996). Relating time to space: The Maya calendar compasses. In Macri, M. J., and McHargue, J. (eds.), Eighth Palenque Round Table, 1993, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 393–402.
Moltke, E. (1985). Runes and Their Origin: Denmark and Elsewhere, National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen.
Monaghan, J. (1995). The Covenants with Earth and Rain: Exchange, Sacrifice, and Revelation in Mixtec Sociality, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Monaghan, J. (in press). Theology and history in the study of Mesoamerican religions. In Monaghan, J. (ed.), Handbook of Middle American Indians: Supplement 6, Ethnography, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Monaghan, J., and Hamman, B. (1998). Reading as social practice and cultural construction. Indiana Journal of Hispanic Literatures 13: 131–140.
Montejo, V. (1993). In the name of the pot, the sun, the broken spear, the rock, the stick, the idol, ad infinitum & ad nauseam: An exposé of anglo anthropologists' obsessions with and invention of Mayan gods. Wicazo Sa Review: A Journal of Native American Studies 9(1): 12–16.
Montgomery, J. (1994). Piedras Negras: The Drawings of John Montgomery, Maya Workshop Foundation, Austin.
Montgomery, J. (1995). Sculptors of the Realm: Classic Maya Artists' Signatures and Sculptural Style During the Reign of Piedras Negras Ruler 7, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of New Mexico.
Morales Guos, P. I. (1995). El Chal, un sitio arqueoló gico asentado en la sabana del Petén central: Una aproximació n a su asentamiento, Unpublished Licenciatura thesis, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala.
Nahm, W. (1994). Maya warfare and the Venus year. Mexicon 16(1): 6–10.
Nahm, W. (1997). Hieroglyphic Stairway 1 at Yaxchilan. Mexicon 19(4): 65–69.
Nelson, Z. N. (1998). Altar de Sacrificios Revisited: A Modern Translation of Ancient Writings, Unpublished Honor's thesis, Brigham Young University.
Newsome, E. (1991). The Trees of Paradise and Pillars of the World: Vision Quest and Creation in the Stelae Cycle of 18-Rabbit-GodK, Copan, Honduras,Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
Nicholson, H. B. (1971). Pre-Hispanic central Mexican historiography. In Investigaciones Contemporáneas Sobre Historia de México: Memorias de la Tercera Reunió n de Historiadores Mexicanos y Norteamericanos, Universidad Nacional Autó noma deMé xico, Mé xico, D. F., pp. 38–81.
Nielsen, J. (1998). Making the Man-Made World Alive: Dedication Rituals of the Maya—A Survey of the Epigraphic, Iconographic, Archaeological, Ethnohistorical, and Ethnographic Sources, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Copenhagen.
Nissen, H. J., Damerow, P., and Englund, R. K. (1993). Archaic Bookkeeping: Writing and Techniques of Economic Adminstration in the Ancient Near East, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Nurse, D. (1997). The contributions of linguistics to the study of history in Africa. Journal of African History 38: 359–391.
Outhwaite, W. (1985). Hans-Georg Gadamer. In Skinner, Q., (ed.), The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Sciences, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 21–39.
Palka, J. W. (1996). Sociopolitical implications of a new Emblem Glyph and place name In Classic Maya inscriptions. Latin American Antiquity 7(3): 211–227.
Palka, J., Stuart, D., and Houston, S. (1991). A coming of age ceremony Dos Pilas Panel 19. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University.
Parkinson, R. (1999). Cracking Codes: The Rosetta Stone and Decipherment. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Parsons, J. R., and Parsons, M. H. (1990). Maguey Utilization in Highland Central Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, no. 82, Ann Arbor.
Patterson, T. C. (1995). Toward a Social History of Archaeology in the United States, Harcourt Brace, Fort Worth.
Pincemin, S., Marcus, J., Folan, L. F., Folan, W. J., del R. Domínguez Carrasco, M., and Morales López, A. (1998). Extending the Calakmul dynasty back in time: A new stela from a Maya capital in Campeche, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 9: 310–327.
Porter, J. B. (1992). “Estelas celtiformes”: Un nuevo tipo de escultura olmeca y sus implicaciones para los epigrafistas. Arqueología 8: 3–14.
Porter, J. B. (1999). The Maya hieroglyphic hoax in the USA: Phoneticism and Lounsbury's “On the derivation and reading of the ‘ben-ich’ prefix. Estudios de Cultura Maya 20: 131–145.
Postgate, N., Wang, T., and Wilkinson, T. (1995). The evidence for early writing: Utilitarian or ceremonial Antiquity 69: 459–480.
Powell, B. B. (1991). Homer and the Origin of the Greek Alphabet, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Prem, H. J. (1971). Calendrics and writing. In Heizer, R. F., and Graham, J. A. (eds.), Observations on the Emergence of Civilization in Mesoamerica, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Contribution 11, Berkeley, pp. 112–132.
Price, B. (1980). The truth is not in accounts but in account books: On the epistemological status of history. In Ross, E. B. (ed.), Beyond the Myths of Culture: Essays in Cultural Materialism, Academic Press, New York, pp. 155-180.
Proskouriakoff, T. (1960). Historical implications of a pattern of dates at Piedras Negras, Guatemala. American Antiquity 25: 454–475.
Proskouriakoff, T. (1993). Maya History, Joyce, R. (ed.), University of Texas Press, Austin.
Rappaport, J. (1994). Cumbe Reborn: An Andean Ethnography of History, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Reents-Budet, D. (1994). Painting the Maya Universe: Royal Ceramics of the Classic Period, Duke University Press, Durham.
Reilly, F. K., III (1996a). Art, ritual, and rulership in the Olmec world. In Guthrie, J. (ed.), The OlmecWorld: Ritual and Rulership, The ArtMuseum, Princeton University, Princeton, pp. 26–45.
Reilly, F. K., III (1996b). The lazy-S: A formative period iconographic loan to Maya hieroglyphic writing. In Macri, M. J., and McHargue, J. (eds.), Eighth Palenque Round Table, 1993, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 413–424.
Restall, M. (1997a). Heirs to the hieroglyphs: Indigenous writing in Colonial Mesoamerica. The Americas 54(2): 239–267.
Restall, M. (1997b). The Maya World: Yucatec Culture and Society, 1550- 1850, Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Ringle, W. (1990). Who was who in Ninth-Century Chickén Itzá. Ancient Mesoamerica 1: 233–243.
Robertson, J. S. (1992). The History of Tense/Aspect/Mood/Voice in the Mayan Verbal Complex, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Robertson, J. S. (1998). A Ch'olti' an explanation for Ch'orti'an grammar: A postlude to the language of the Classic Maya. Mayab 11: 5–11.
Robertson, J. S., and Houston, S. D. (2000). Tense and aspect in Mayan hieroglyphic script. Ms. in possession of author.
Roccati, A. (1990). Scribes. In Donadoni, S. (ed.), The Egyptians, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 61–85.
Sabloff, J. A. (1986). Interaction among Classic Maya polities: A preliminary examination. In Renfrew, C., and Cherry, J. F. (eds.), Peer Polity Interaction and Socio-political Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 109–116.
Sahlins, M. (1985). Islands of History, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Sahlins, M. (1999). Two or three things that I know about culture. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 5: 399–421.
Sanchez, J. L. (1997). Royal Strategies and Audience: An Analysis of Classic Maya Monumental Art, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Los Angeles.
Satterwaite, L. (1937). Identification of Maya temple buildings at Piedras Negras. In Davidson, D. S. (ed.), Publication of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society, Vol. 1: 25th Anniversary Studies, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, pp. 161–177.
Satterthwaite, L. (1938). Maya dating by hieroglyphics. American Anthropologist 40: 416–428.
Satterthwaite, L. (1943). Introduction. Piedras Negras Architecture, Pt. I, No. 1, University Museum, Philadelphia.
Satterthwaite, L. (1954). Piedras Negras Archaeology: Architecture, Part VI, Unclassified Buildings and Substructures, No. 4: Structure O-7, University Museum, Philadelphia.
Satterthwaite, L. (1965). Maya practice stone-carving at Piedras Negras. Expedition 7(2): 9–18.
Schele, L. (1982). Maya Glyphs: The Verbs, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Schele, L. (1985). The Hauberg stela: Bloodletting and the mythos of Maya rulership. In Fields, V. M. (ed.), Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, pp. 135–149.
Schele, L. (1990). Commentary on Site R monuments. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University.
Schele, L. (1991). The demotion of Chac-Zutz': Lineage compounds and subsidiary lords at Palenque. In Greene Robertson, M. (ed.), Sixth Palenque Round Table, 1986, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, pp. 6–11.
Schele, L. (1992). The founders of lineages at Copan and other Maya sites. Ancient Mesoamerica 3: 135–145.
Schele, L., and Grube, N. (1994). The Workbook for the XXth Maya Hieroglyphic Workshop at Texas, with Commentaries on the Tlaloc-Venus Wars from 378 A.D. to 730 A.D., Department of Art, University of Texas, Austin.
Schele, L., and Grube, N. (1996). The workshop for Maya on hieroglyphic writing. In Fischer, E., and Brown, R. McK. (eds.), Mayan Cultural Activism in Guatemala, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 131–140.
Schele, L., Grube, N., and Boot, E. (1998). Some suggestions on the k'atun prophecies in the books of Chilam Balam in light of Classic-period history. In Memorias del Tercer Congreso International de Mayistas, 9 al 15 de Julio de 1995, Centro de Estudios Mayas, Universidad Nacional Autó noma de Mé xico, pp. 399–432.
Schele, L, and Freidel, D. (1990). A Forest of Kings: The Untold Story of the Ancient Maya, William Morrow, New York.
Schele, L., and Mathews, P. (1979). The Bodega of Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Schele, L., and Mathews, P. (1993). The Workbook for the XVIIth Maya Hieroglyphic Workshop at Texas, with Commentaries on the Dynastic History of Palenque, Department of Art, University of Texas, Austin.
Schele, L., and Mathews, P. (1998). The Code of Kings: The Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs, Scribner, New York.
Schele, L., and Miller, J. H. (1983). The Mirror, the Rabbit, and the Bundle: “Accession” Expressions from the Classic Maya Inscriptions, Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 25, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Schele, L., and Miller, M. E. (1986). The Blood of Kings: Dynasty and Ritual in Maya Art, Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth.
Schellhas, P. (1945). Die Entzifferung der Mayahieroglyphen ein unlösbares Problem Ethnos 10: 44–53.
Schuster, A. M. H. (1997a). A run for their lives. Archaeology 50(5): 47.
Schuster, A. M. H. (1997b). The search for Site Q. Archaeology 50(5): 42–45.
Shapiro, J. (2000). From sociological illiteracy to sociological imagination. The Chronicle of Higher Education XLVI (30): A68.
Sharer, R. J. (1994). The Ancient Maya, 5th ed., Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Sharer, R. J. (1999). Archaeology and history in the royal acropolis, Copan, Honduras. Expedition 41(2): 8–15.
Sheehy, J. J. (1991). Structure and change in a Late Classic Maya domestic group at Copan, Honduras. Ancient Mesoamerica 2(1): 1–19.
Smith, A. L. (1950). Uaxactun, Guatemala: Excavations of 1931- 1937, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 588, Washington, DC.
Smith, M. E., and Berdan, F. F. (1996). Introduction. In Berdan, F. F., Blanton, R. E, Boone, E. H., Hodge, M. G., Smith, M. E., and Umberger, E., Aztec Imperial Strategies, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 1–9.
Snæ dal, T. (1994). Vardagsliv och visdomsord: Runorna i Norden fra°n urtid til nutid. In Benneth, S., Ferenius, J., Gustavson, H., and A° hlé n, M. (eds.), Runma¨rkt Fra°n Brev till Klotter, Carlssons, Stockholm, pp. 9–11.
Stoddart, S., and Whitley, J. (1988). The social context of literacy in Archaic Greece and Etruria. Antiquity 62: 761–772.
Stone, A. (1989). Disconnection, foreign insignia, and political expansion: Teotihuacan and warrior stelae of Piedras Negras. In Diehl, R., and Berlo, J. C. (eds), Mesoamerica after the Decline of Teotihuacan—A.D. 700- 900, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC., pp. 153–172.
Stone, A. (1995). Images from the Underworld: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Strenski, I. (1992). Malinowski and the Work of Myth, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Stuart, D. (1987). Ten Phonetic Syllables, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 14, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Stuart, D. (1988). The Río Azul cacao pot: Epigraphic observations on the function of a Maya ceramic vessel. Antiquity 62: 153–157.
Stuart, D. (1989). The Maya Artist: An Epigraphic and Iconographic Study, Senior Honor's thesis, Princeton University.
Stuart, D. (1990a).A New Carved Panel from the Palenque Area, Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 32, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Stuart, D. (1990b). The decipherment of “directional count glyphs” in Maya inscriptions. Ancient Mesoamerica 1(2): 213–224.
Stuart, D. (1993). Breaking the code: Rabbit story. In Stuart, G. S., and Stuart, G. E., Lost Kingdoms of the Maya, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, pp. 170–171.
Stuart, D. (1995). A Study of Maya Inscriptions, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Vanderbilt University.
Stuart, D. (1996). Kings of stone: A consideration of stelae in ancient Maya ritual and representations. RES 29/30: 148–171.
Stuart, D. (1997a). Kinship terms inMaya inscriptions. In Macri, M. J., and Ford, A. (eds.), The Language of Maya Hieroglyphs, Pre-Columbian ArtResearch Institute, San Francisco, pp. 1–11.
Stuart, D. (1997b). The texts of Temple 26: The presentation of history at a Maya dynastic shrine. In Andrews, E. W., and Fash, W. L. (eds.), Copan: The Rise and Fall of a Classic Kingdom, School of American Research, Santa Fe (in press).
Stuart, D. (1998). “The fire enters his house”: Architecture and ritual in Classic Maya texts. In Houston, S. D. (ed.), Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 373–425.
Stuart, D. (2000a). The “arrival of strangers”: Teotihuacan and Tollan in Classic Maya history. In Carrasco, D., Jones, L., and Sessions, S. (eds.), Mesoamerica's Classic Heritage: From Teotihuacan to the Great Aztec Temple, University of Colorado Press, Niwot, pp. 465–513.
Stuart, D. (2000b). Commentary on New Finds at Palenque, Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco (in press).
Stuart, D., and Houston, S. (1994). Classic Maya Place Names. Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 33, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Stuart, D., and Houston, S. (2000). Maya Glyphic Lexicon. Ms. on file, Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions Project, Peabody Museum, Harvard University.
Stuart, D., Houston, S., and Robertson, J. (1999). Recovering the past: Classic Maya language and Classic Maya gods. In Notebook for the XXIIIrd Maya Hieroglyphic Forum at Texas, Part II, Maya Workshop Foundation, Austin, pp. 1–96.
Stuart, G. E. (1989). The Beginnings of Maya Hieroglyphic Study: Contributions of Constantine S. Rafinesque and James H. McCulloh, Jr., Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 29, Center for Maya Research, Washington, DC.
Stuart, G. E. (1992). Quest for decipherment: A historical and biographical survey of Maya hieroglyphic investigation. In Danien, E. C., and Sharer, R. J. (eds.), New Theories on the Ancient Maya, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, pp. 1–63.
Stuart, G. E. (1997). The royal crypts of Copán. National Geographic Magazine 192(6): 68–93.
Sturm, C. (1996). Old writing and new messages: The role of hieroglyphic literacy in Maya cultural activism. In Fischer, E., and Brown, R. McK. (eds.), Mayan Cultural Activism in Guatemala, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 114–130.
Suhler, C. (1996). Excavations in the North Acropolis, Yaxuna,Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Southern Methodist University.
Suhler, C., and Freidel, D. (1998). Life and death in a Maya war zone. Archaeology 51(3): 28–34.
Swadesh, M. (1967). Lexicostatistic classification. In McQuown, N. (ed.), Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 5: Linguistics, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 79–115.
Tate, C. E. (1992). Yaxchilan: The Design of a Maya Ceremonial City, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Taube, K. A. (1992). The Major Gods of Ancient Yucatan. Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 32, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Taube, K. A. (1994). The Birth Vase: Natal imagery in ancient Maya myth and ritual. In Kerr, J. (ed.), The Maya Vase Book, Volume 4, Kerr Associates, New York, pp. 650–685.
Taube, K. A. (1995). The rainmakers: The Olmec and their contribution to Mesoamerican belief and ritual. In Guthrie, J. (ed.), TheOlmec World: Ritual and Rulership, Art Museum, Princeton University, Princeton, pp. 82–103.
Taube, K. (1997). Olmec and Maya Art at Dumbarton Oaks, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC (in press).
Taube, K. A. (1998). The jade hearth: Centrality, rulership, and the Classic Maya temple. In Houston, S. D. (ed.), Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, pp. 427–478.
Taube, K. A. (1999). Teotihuacan and the Classic Maya: Recent Investigations of Temple 16 at Copan, Honduras. Paper presented at the 4th European Maya Conference, Copenhagen.
Taube, K. (2000a). Lightning celts and corn fetishes: The Formative Olmece and the development of maize symbolism in Mesoamerican and the American Southwest. In Clark, J. E., and Pye, M. E. (eds.), Olmec Art and Archaeology in Mesoamerica, Studies in the History of Art 58, Center for the Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, Symposium Papers XXXV, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, pp. 296–331.
Taube, K. (2000b). The Writing System of Ancient Teotihuacan, Ancient America 1, Center for Ancient American Studies, Washington, DC.
Tedlock, B. (1999). Maya astronomy: What we know and how we know it. Archaeoastronomy 14(1): 39–58.
Tedlock, B., and Tedlock, D. (1985). Text and textile: Language and technology in the arts of the Quiche Maya. Journal of Anthropological Research 41(2): 121–146.
Tedlock, D. (1992). The Popol Vuh as a hieroglyphic book. In Danien, E., and Sharer, R. J. (eds.), New Theories on the Ancient Maya, University Museum Monograph 77, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, pp. 229–240.
Tedlock, D. (1996). Popol Vuh: The Definitive Edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kings, Touchstone, New York.
Thompson, J. E. S. (1931). Archaeological Investigations in the Southern Cayo District, British Honduras, Field Museum of Natural History, Publication 301, 17(3), Chicago.
Thompson, J. E. S. (1950). Maya Hieroglyphic Writing: An Introduction. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 589, Washington, DC.
Thompson, J. E. S. (1962). A Catalog of Maya Hieroglyphs, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Thompson, J. E. S. (1972). Maya Hieroglyphs Without Tears, British Museum Press, London.
Tozzer, A. M. (1941). Landa's Relació n de las cosas de Yucatan, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, vol. XVIII, Cambridge.
Tracy, S. V. (1990). Attic Letter-Cutters of 229 to 86 B.C., University of California Press, Berkeley.
Urcid, J. (1992). Zapotec Hieroglyphic Writing, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University.
Urcid, J. (1993a). Bones and epigraphy: The accurate versus the fictious Texas Notes on Pre-Columbian Art, Writing, and Culture, no. 42. Ms. in possession of author.
Urcid, J. (1993b). The Pacific coast of Oaxaca and Guerrero: Westernmost extent of the Zapotec script. Ancient Mesoamerica 4: 141–165.
Urcid, J., Winter, M., and Matadamas, R. (1994). Nuevos monumentos grabados en Monte Albán, Oaxaca. In Winter, M. (ed.), Escritura Zapoteca prehispánica: Nuevas aportaciones, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Oaxaca, pp. 2–52.
Urton, G. (1998). From knots to narratives: Reconstructing the art of historical record keeping in the Andes from Spanish transcriptions of Inka khipus. Ethnohistory 45(3): 409–438.
Vail, G. (1994). A commentary on the bee almanacs in Codex Madrid. In Vega Sosa, C. (ed.), Có dices y documentos sobre México, Primer Simposio, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México, D. F., pp. 37–68.
Vail, G. (1996). The Gods in the Madrid Codex: An Iconographic and Glyphic Analysis, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Tulane University.
Valdé s, J. A. (1993). Arquitectura y escultura en la Plaza Sur del Grupo H, Uaxactú n. In Laporte, J. P. and Valdé s, J. A. (eds.), Tikal y Uaxactú n en el Preclásico, Universidad Nacional Autó noma de México, México, pp. 96–122.
Valdés, J. A., and Fahsen, F. (1995). The reigning dynasty of Uaxactun during the Early Classic. Ancient Mesoamerica 6: 197–218.
Valdés, J. A., and Fahsen, F. (1998). Interpretació n de la estela 40 de Tikal. In Laporte, J. P., and Escobedo, H. L. (eds.), IX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueoló gicas en Guatemala, 1997, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Guatemala, pp. 71–86.
Valdés, J. A., Fahsen, F., and Escobedo, H. L. (1994). Obras Maestras del Museo de Tikal, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Guatemala.
Valdés, J. A., Fashen, F., and Escobedo, H. L. (1999). Reyes, tumbas y palacios: La historia dinástica de Uaxactun, Centro de Estudios Mayas, Cuaderno 25, Universidad Nacional Autó noma de México/Instituto de Antropología de Guatemala, Mexico.
Vansina, J. (1985). Oral Tradition as History, Currey and Heinemann, London.
Vargas Arenas, I. (1995). The perception of history and archaeology in Latin America. In Schmidt, P. R., and Patterson, T. D. (eds), Making Alternative Histories: The Practice of Archaeology and History in Non-Western Settings, School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, pp. 47–67.
Vargas de la Peña, L., Castillo Borges, V. (1999). La acró polis de Ek' Balam, el lienzo en el que plasmaron lo mejor de su arte sus antiguos pobladores. La Pintura Mural Prehispánica en México 10- 11: 26–30.
Vargas de la Peña, L., Castillo Borges, V., and Lacadena García-Gallo, A. (1998). Textos glíficos de Ek' Balam (Yucatán, México): Hallazgos de las temporadas de 1996- 1998. Paper presented at the VIII Encuentro de Investigadores del Área Maya, Campeche, Mexico.
Ventur, P. (1978). Maya Ethnohistorian: The Ralph L. Roys Papers. Vanderbilt University Publications in Anthropology 22, Vanderbilt University, Nashville.
Vernus, P. (1996). Langue litté raire et diglossie. In Loprieno, A. (ed.), Ancient Egyptian Literature: History and Forms, Leiden, pp. 555–564.
Veyne, P. (1988). Did the Greeks Believe in Their Myths An Essay on Constitutive Imagination, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Villela, K. D. (1993). The Classic Maya Secondary Tier: Power and Prestige at Three Polities, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Texas, Austin.
Vogt, E. Z. (1983). Ancient and contemporary Maya settlement patterns: A new look from the Chiapan Highlands. In Vogt, E. Z., and Leventhal, R. M. (eds.), Prehistoric Settlement Patterns: Essays in Honor of Gordon R. Willey, University of New Mexico Press, pp. 89–114.
Vogt, E. Z. (1994). Fieldwork among the Maya: Reflections on the Harvard Chiapas Project, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Vogt, E. Z., and Stuart, D. S. (2000). Some notes on ritual caves among the ancient and modern Maya. Ms. in possession of author.
Voss, A. W. (1995). Die Maya-Dynastien von Naranjo, Guatemala, Unpublished M.A. thesis. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität.
Voß , A., and Eberl, M. (1999). Ek Balam: A new Emblem Glyph from the northeastern Yucatán. Mexicon 21: 124–131.
Voss, A. W., and Kremer, H. J. (1998). La estela de Tabi: Un monumento de cacería. Mexikon 22(4): 74–79.
Wagner, E. (1995). The dates of the High Priest Grave (“Osario”) inscription. Mexicon 18(1): 10–13.
Wald, R. (1994a). The languages of the Dresden Codex: Legacy of the Classic Maya. Ms. in possession of author.
Wald, R. (1994b). TransitiveVerb Inflection in Classic Maya Hieroglyphic Texts: Its Implications for Historical Linguistics and Hieroglyphic Decipherment, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Texas, Austin.
Wald, R. (1998). Structuring the past: Temporal deixis in Classic-Mayan and Acalan-Chontal narrative. Ms. in possession of author.
Wald, R., and MacLeod, B. (1999). Narrative time in the Classic-period inscriptions. In Notebook for the XXIIIrd Maya Hieroglyphic Forum at Texas, Part II, Maya Workshop Foundation, Austin, pp. 88–96.
Walker, W. (1981). Native American writing systems. In Ferguson, C. A., and Heath, S. B., Language in the U.S.A., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 145–174.
Walker, W., and Sarbaugh, J. (1993). The early history of the Cherokee syllabary. Ethnohistory 40: 70–94.
Wanyerka, P. (1996). The carved monuments of Uxbenka, Toledo District, Belize. Mexicon 18(2): 29–36.
Ware, G. A., and Brady, J. E. (1999). Multispectral analysis of ancient Maya pigments: Implications for the Naj Tunich corpus. In Eron, C., and Trackman, D. (eds.), Center 19, Record of Activities and Research Reports, June 1998- May 1999, Center for the Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, National Gallery of Art, pp. 132–135.
Ware, G. A., Houston, S., Chabries, D. M., Miller, M., Taube, K., de la Fuente, B., Barrett, W. A., and Duffin, K. L. (1996). Infrared imaging of Precolumbian murals at Bonampak, Chiapas, Mexico: An interdisciplinary perspective on ancient art. Journal of the Utah Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters 73: 1–15.
Warren, K. B. (1998). Indigenous Movements and Their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Webster, D. (1989). The House of the Bacabs: Its social context. In Webster, D. (ed.), The House of the Bacabs, Copan, Honduras, Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 29, Washington, DC, pp. 5–40.
Webster, D. (1999). Ancient Maya warfare. In Rafflaub, K., and Rosenstein, N. (eds.), War and Society in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds: Asia, The Mediterranean, Europe, and Mesoamerica, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp. 333–360.
Webster, D. (2000). The not so peaceful civilization: A review of Maya war. Journal of World Prehistory 14(1): 65–119.
Whittaker, G. (1992). The Zapotec writing system. In Bricker, V. R. (ed.), Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians: Epigraphy, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 5–19.
Wichmann, S. (1999). A Ch'orti' morphological sketch. Ms. in possession of author.
Wichmann, S., and Lacadena, A. (1999). More evidence for the distributions of Ch'olan dialects in the Classic period. Paper presented at the 4th European Maya conference, Copenhagen.
Willey, G. R. (1982). Maya archaeology. Science 215: 260–267.
Wiseman, J. (1984). Scholarship and provenience in the study of artifacts. Journal of Field Archaeology 11: 67–77.
Woodhead, A. G. (1981). The Study of Greek Inscriptions, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Wylie, A. (1995). Archaeology and the antiquities market: The use of “looted” data. In Lynott, M. J., and Wylie, A. (eds.), Ethics in American Archaeology: Challenges for the 1990s, Society for American Archaeology, pp. 17–21.
Wyllie, C. (1994). How to Make an Aztec Book, Unpublished M.A. thesis, Yale University.
Yadeun, J. (1993). Toniná, El Equilibrista, Mexico.
Yasugi, Y. (1999a). Etymology of cacao and its implications for deciphering Maya glyphs. Ms. in possession of author.
Yasugi, Y. (1999b). Jawbone glyph T590 and hand-scattering glyphs. Ms. in possession of author.
Zender, M. U. (1999). Diacritical Marks and Underspelling in the Classic Maya Script: Implications for Decipherment, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Calgary, Alberta.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Houston, S.D. Into the Minds of Ancients: Advances in Maya Glyph Studies. Journal of World Prehistory 14, 121–201 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007883024875
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007883024875