Sloan digital sky survey iii mapping the universe on the largest scales
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The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) is mapping the universe on the largest scales through four main surveys: 1) the largest multicolor image of the night sky, 2) the largest 3D map of the universe, 3) the largest map of the outer Milky Way, and 4) public data releases that serve as a resource for astronomers and the public. SDSS-III builds on the previous SDSS surveys and uses spectroscopy to measure galaxy distances and map the distant universe.
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Sloan digital sky survey iii mapping the universe on the largest scales
- 1. Sloan Digital Sky Survey III: mapping the Universe on the largest scales 1. The largest multicolor image of the night sky (Michael R. Blanton, New York University) 2. The largest 3-D map of the Universe (David J. Schlegel, Lawrence Berkeley Labs) 3. The largest map of the outer Milky Way (Constance Rockosi, UC Santa Cruz) 4. A resource to astronomers and the public (Michael R. Blanton, New York University) Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 2. Zoom credit: David W. Hogg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMnSyYE1b0 Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 3. Zoom credit: David W. Hogg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMnSyYE1b0 Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 4. TBD: zoom from m51 to m33 change credits Zoom credit: David W. Hogg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMnSyYE1b0 Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 5. TBD: zoom from m51 to m33 change credits Zoom credit: David W. Hogg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMnSyYE1b0 Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 6. TBD: zoom from m51 to m33 change credits Zoom credit: David W. Hogg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMnSyYE1b0 Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 7. The largest multicolor image 1. Covers one-third of the sky (14,555 square degrees) 2. Greatest in terms of pixels: 1.2 trillion in each of 5 bands 3. Half a billion detected stars and galaxies: a. 260 million stars b. 210 million galaxies 4. Not just really big but also really useful: a. images are uniformly excellent quality b. easily accessible public distribution Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 8. A milestone in astronomy 1. SDSS-III imaging completes 11-year mission of SDSS camera 2. Builds on the legacy of SDSS-I and -II 3. compare it to National Geographic’s Palomar Survey (1958), which is still an important astronomical reference 4. SDSS provides a digital rather than photographic image 5. A unique reference for the next decade and beyond Jim Gunn Connie Rockosi Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 9. Messier 33 NGC 604 Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 10. regular galaxies What will this be used for? serious train wrecks! finding the rarest objects, such as quasars, mergers, clusters minor mergers major mergers Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 11. Needles in one of the most distant objects known a gravitational lens Fan et al. (2003) Lin et al. (2008) a haystack With DR8, people will now be able to go and search an entirely new area of the haystack Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 12. SDSS-III continues through 2014 as a spectroscopic program 1. The distant Universe with BOSS (D. J. Schlegel, PI) TBD: more details 2. The outer Milky Way with SEGUE (C. Rockosi, PI) Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 13. BOSS in Sloan Digital Sky Survey III 2-D ! 3-D maps David Schlegel for the SDSS Lawrence Berkeley National Lab 1. SDSS mapped million brightest galaxies (done!) 2. SDSS-III mapping more distant Universe (2009-2014) 3. On track for new measurements of dark energy Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 14. 20% of SDSS telescope time used to make these 2-D maps Each point is a galaxy Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 15. 80% of SDSS telescope time used to make these 3-D maps Movie credit: Dinoj Surendran & Mark Subbarao, U Chicago and Adler Planetarium for the SDSS Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 16. 80% of SDSS telescope time used to make these 3-D maps ... but this is the “nearby” Universe Movie credit: Dinoj Surendran & Mark Subbarao, U Chicago and Adler Planetarium for the SDSS Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 17. Effect of dark energy on the history of the Universe Deceleration from gravity Acceleration! Dark energy? Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 18. Effect of dark energy on the history of the Universe Deceleration from gravity Acceleration! Dark energy? Measure scale of Universe to 4% accuracy from SDSS-I Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 19. Effect of dark energy on the history of the Universe SDSS-III: Measure scale to 1% accuracy halfway across the Universe! Deceleration from gravity Acceleration! Dark energy? Measure scale of Universe to 4% accuracy from SDSS-I Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 20. Effect of dark energy on the history of the Universe Historically difficult to accurately measure distances ... Hubble was wrong by 700% in 1929 ... Hubble Space Telescope Key Project 10% accurate ... BOSS will now be 1% accurate Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 21. SDSS-III 3-D map: From the 2-D image, select the 1% reddest galaxies... take a spectrum... get a distance Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 22. SDSS-III 3-D map: From the 2-D image, select the 1% reddest galaxies... take a spectrum... get a distance Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 23. SDSS-III 3-D map: From the 2-D image, select the 1% reddest galaxies... take a spectrum... get a distance Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 24. SDSS-III 3-D map: From the 2-D image, select the 1% reddest galaxies... take a spectrum... get a distance Southern Galactic Cap Northern Galactic Cap Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 25. SDSS-III 3-D map: Extend from 1 billion (“nearby”) to 7 billion light-years SDSS-I and -II We are here SDSS-III Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 26. SDSS-III 3-D map: Extend from 1 billion (“nearby”) to 7 billion light-years SDSS-I and -II Galaxies from SDSS-I and -II We are here SDSS-III Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 27. SDSS-III 3-D map: Extend from 1 billion (“nearby”) to 7 billion light-years SDSS-I and -II Red galaxies from SDSS-III Galaxies from SDSS-I and -II We are here SDSS-III Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 28. SDSS-III as of today: • After 1 year, larger than all galaxy surveys (except SDSS-I !) Coming soon! • Precision measures of dark energy from 3-D galaxy maps SDSS-III completion in 2014: • Largest 3-D map of 1.5 million galaxies • 1% accurate probe of dark energy in distant Universe Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 29. SEGUE-2 Mapping the Distant Milky Way Constance Rockosi University of California, Santa Cruz UCO/Lick Observatory Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 30. Largest Map of the Outer Galaxy A picture of our Galaxy from the inside looking out made by selecting old stars as identified in the SDSS-III multicolor image blue: nearby stars red: farther away bright: lots of stars close together Image credit: V. Belokurov faint: few stars Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 31. direction to star image a spiral galaxy like sun the Milky Way Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 32. Largest Map of the Outer Galaxy A picture of our Galaxy from the inside looking out made by selecting old stars as identified in the SDSS-III multicolor image blue: nearby stars red: farther away bright: lots of stars close together Image credit: V. Belokurov faint: few stars Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 33. Largest Map of the Outer Galaxy A picture of our Galaxy from the inside looking out made by selecting old stars as identified in the SDSS-III multicolor image blue: nearby stars red: farther away bright: lots of stars close together Image credit: V. Belokurov faint: few stars Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 34. Learning How Galaxies Grow Cosmology predicts: satellite galaxies fall in to grow a galaxy like the Milky Way Satellites fall in, stars are pulled out along streams and become part of the galaxy. Confirmation of this picture motivated the SEGUE survey in SDSS-III to learn more about these stars and how galaxies grow. A “theoretical galaxy” like the Milky Way. Image credit: Sandip Sharma from computer models by K. Johnston and J. Bullock Image credit: V. Belokurov Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 35. SEGUE-2 1. Spectroscopy of 118,000 stars in our Galaxy 2. With SEGUE-1, the total SEGUE sample in DR8 is 358,000 stars a. Doppler velocity: how fast the stars are moving i. measure total mass of the Galaxy, including the dark matter we can’t see ii. find groups of stars still moving together long after a stream has dispersed background stars: average speed = zero stars in stream: all moving at the same speed SEGUE star speeds in stream region Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 36. SEGUE-2 b. Learn what stars are made of i. identify chemical elements in stars !"#$%&'"()*+,-". ii. fingerprint the environments in which the stars were born E$F,.&568 =?D08&GG5&>? 568%*9:(*.&$ iii. identify different kinds of satellites that fell in to the galaxy: big, small; 568%*9:(*.&$0&*%;&<=>??@A recently, long ago Credit: Schlaufman (323.02D) turned into stars How fast gas /..$+ Galaxy 490$+ Galaxy Image credit: NIST Fraction of hydrogen gas turned into heavier elements when stars were born ()*+,-%./'0 ! ! Thursday, January 13, 2011 /.0+"&1&2'345&1&!$0*%%,6,07&1&!"#$%&'
- 37. Data Release 8 1. 30 terabytes of images total 2. 470 million stars and galaxies cataloged 3. 1.8 million spectra 4. Uniformly good quality 5. Results accessible to professionals and amateurs alike Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 38. SkyServer and Science Archive http://data.sdss3.org http://skyserver.sdss3.org Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 39. Primary data source for: Google Sky, World-Wide Telescope, Galaxy Zoo Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 40. Distribution lets public into the act e.g. Hanny’s Voorwerp, which you heard about yesterday: discovered in 2007 by an amateur using SDSS imaging in GalaxyZoo Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 41. Future data releases through 2014 1. BOSS: three-dimensional maps 2. MARVELS: a search for planets around other stars 3. APOGEE: Milky Way studies using infrared light literally thousands of papers based on public SDSS data so far: a few dozen being presented this week, on the very smallest stars as well as the most massive black holes Thursday, January 13, 2011
- 42. Many people, many years Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. Thursday, January 13, 2011