Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EDITED BY
T. E. E.
PAGE,
LITl-.D.
CAPPS,
PH.D., LL.D.
W. H. D. ROUSE,
i.ttt.d.
THE CHARACTERS
OF THEOPHRASTUS
HERODES, CERCIDAS, AND THE GREEK CHOLIAMBIC POETS
(except callimachus and babrius)
THE
CHARACTEKS THEOPHRASTUS
OF
M.
EDMONDS
PA
PREFACE
The
Characters of Theophrastus are a
it
good wine
and new bottles may need a word of recommendation. The mere existence of an early English translation
such as Healey's would hardly justify an archaistic rendering, but the Character, in the hands of Hall,
and
Overbury, and Earle, has become a native genre, that, I think, is enough to make such a rendering
And
Street
notwithstanding, has a Greek, being itself simple, goes and in the best into a simple style of English seventeenth century it was still easy to put things simply without making them bald. A simple translation into our modern dialect, if it is to rise above
Wardour
great advantage.
Translator's English,
is
always
I
difficult
and often
unattainable.
my
earlier
many
have discarded rfluch of shared no doubt by scholars, that the discovery of papyrus fragwork, in the
belief,
editor's
PREFACE
bearings from Constantinople to Alexandria.
With
the
'
doctrine
of
the normal
line,'
exploded by
A. C. Clark, went much critical lumber, and the dust The pecuhar charis only just beginning to clear. acter of this text, "s^ith its recurring km and its natural toleration of displacement, makes it an excellent corpus vile to experiment on. It would be too much to hope that my readers Mill come away from my Introduction as confident as I am that our Mss. go back to an 11-letter Hne archetj'pe, but I cannot help feeling that there is a plausibility in the emendations I have based upon my hj'pothesis which is not to be found in the others. My thanks are due to F. C. Burkitt, A. C. Clark, A. B. Cook, A. E. Housman, A. S. Hunt, and R. D.
Hicks, for generous help of various kinds
fully
;
grate-
acknowledge
my
D.
Bassi,
W.
;
dared.
M. Edmonds.
Cambridge,
15th July 1927.
CONTENTS
Preface
Introduction
i.
.......
its
.
PAGE
ii.
Author
.
Bibliography
Ancient Index
.11
31
Index
of
the Char-
33
34
35
....
. .
.
36
General Index
.127 .132
THE CHARACTERS
OF
THEOPHRASTUS
INTRODUCTION
I.
its
Author
Like other unique products of the human spirit, this great httle book has aroused much speculation among those who not knowing how a thing is done must needs find out why. Some measure of re-editing it certainly underwent in after life ^mending rather than emending, or the thin disguise of the name Alexander would not have been maintained after the necessity for it political apparently had ceased.** The first editor was in all probability the author. That Theophrastus collected and edited these pieces himself substantially in the order in which we have them, is suggested by certain signs of artistic development which we may observe in comparing the earlier as a whole with the later. First, the earlier characters are generally the sketchier, not more carelessly drawn but less completely coloured. No. I is any (Athenian) dissembler, and his dissembhngs manifold and anywhere (Athenian). Dissembling is a sepia-wash. With the exception of VIII, the Newsmaker, of whom presently, the same is true,
for editing in the Peripatetic School c/. Lycon's Diog. Laert. v. 73, and Arcesilaus' unpopular revision of Grantor's works, ibid. iv. 32, cf. vii. 3-4 ; and see Barthelemy-St. Hilaire's Dissertation prefixed to his translation of the Aristotelian Problems, Paris, 1891.
"
xxiii.
THEOPHRASTUS
more
or less, of
all
the Characters
till
we come
to
XXIII.
They,
tinted drawings. Pretentiousness, however, has fewer and larger parts and CoAvardice, its next-door neighbour but one, though it is one of the longest, contains only two scenes. These are water-colours and of the last eight Characters no less than five are of this kind. Secondly, there is development in the smaller matters of style. If we divide the book into
;
three equal parts, (a), (b), and (c), we find that though appears equally in all, oTos is preceded by Totoo-Se instead of rotovros not at all in (a), once in (b), three times in (c) that the qualifying phrase (OS opw XafSelv, or the like, occurs four times in (a), twice in (b), not at all in (c) that the word d/^eAet occurs four times in (a), four times in (6), and eight in (c) and that the construction wcrre-and-infinitive occurs four times in (a), once in (b), not at all in (c) ; whereas aa or oVws final occurs tA^ce in (a), five times in (b), eleven times in (c). And it may well mean something that the average number of lines to the section in modern texts is two in the first half of the book and two and a half in the second. The general effect of which these minutiae are the outward signs is that the reader somehow feels as he proceeds that what was Anyman in the earlier parts of the book comes to be Somebody in the later. None, probably, of the Characters is really an individual masquerading as a type, yet when we read of the Pretentious Man, the Coward, the Oligarch, or the Friend of Rascals, we feel what we do not feel of the earher Characters, that Theophrastus' contemporaries
Setvos
; ;
must have
said
'
That
is
meant
artist.
for so-and-so.'
And
mere philosopher
INTRODUCTION
would have arranged his types scientifically. The Garrulous man, the Loquacious, the Newsmaker, the Backbiter, and still more Penuriousness, Parsimoniousness, and Meanness, should properly be
presented in groups. The artist is more likely to arrange his sketches either in the order in which he drew them or as he thinks will be most pleasing to his public. Which brings us back to the Newsmaker. This Character, though it is numbered VIII, belongs in form to the later part of the book and it is exceptional in another way. For here Theophrastus breaks his rule of the infinitive " by no fewer than five indicatives the only other instances are halfway through the book, the two potential optatives at the end of XV. Now it is agreed that VIII must have been written after XXIII, because in the former Antipater is dead and in the latter still alive. It is only a matter of a few months, but there it is. We have seen that, apart from Newsmaking, there are clear traces of a trend. Then why this exception ? The reason, like that of the disguising of Alexander's name in XXIII, is very likely political. It may perhaps be connected with the dedication ^ of the book to the adviser of Eurydice, wife of the imbecile king Arrhidaeus, whose rival the four-year-old son of Alexander is made by the Newsmaker so absurdly as it would seem to the contemporary Athenian reader, and also, let us hope, to Polycles " ^to defeat Casander who was then in favour at Athens. However the exception may be explained, exception it is.
; '
'
"
^
With
olo!.
genuine, see pp. 37-9, and add that Diogenes' of the works of both Aristotle and Theophrastus contain letters ; there was one from T. to Casander. See p. 36.
If that is
lists
'^
THEOPHRASTUS
The
pieces are arranged as none but the author would arrange them, and therefore the pubhcation
of the book, as a whole, is the author's. From the order he has adopted we may gather that the object of his book was not primarily scientific. For according to Diogenes Laertius* one of Theophrastus' famous sayings was As soon trust an unbridled horse as an ill-arranged disquisition,' and his extant botanical books are the work of a great classifier. For whom then, apart from Polycles, were these Characters written ? Like other works of their author they served perhaps, as a part of poetic,' to fill a gap in the Aristotelian corpus of human knowledge.** They seem to have originated a Peripatetic genreJ^ But what capital after-dinner recitations First the definition with its they would make suggestion of the game of etK-acrtat or likenesses that Socrates is I say,' says the tipsy Alcibiades, very like those Silenuses that you see set out in the statuaries' shops and then its so convincing justification in a string of humorously and gently sarcastic examples, extending often to httle scenes the Unconscionable man at the butcher's, the Coward at sea and the touch which makes the whole world kin and this done he will away home and tell his wife what a great success he has had.' They may indeed have been, as the use of the word a/xeAet imphes,* answers to 'dinner-table questions,' o-u/xttoo-tttKai epwTvjcrets, like the dialectic questions addressed
'
'
<*
'
'
'
'
'
'
Lives of the Philosophers, v. 2, ed. Hicks, L.C.L. Cf. Rostagni, Riv. di Filol. xlviii. 417 f. Heracleides Ponticus (?), Lycon, Ariston, Satyrus ; cf. now Pasquali, Bass, di Linq. e Lett, class., 1918, pp. 7 f. Cf. Plat. Sym. 215 c. Rep. 487 e, Meno 80 c, and Rhet, ' Gr. viii. 789 W. Cf. xiii. n. 1.
"
*
"=
<*
INTRODUCTION
by Stilpo to Eucleides at the table of Ptolemy I., and the inquiries over the wine-cup,' eTriKvXtKdoL e^/yyvjo-ets SO much resented by Arcesilaus.* Perhaps they were composed for the monthly dinners of the Peripatetic thiasos for which Aristotle wrote his Mess-rules,^ and which were the original scene of his Dinner - Table Problems,'^ a collection which was
'
doubtless the prototype of the Convivial Questions of Plutarch and the Doctors at Dinner of Athenaeus, not to mention the Symposiacs of Didymus. For a Peripatetic book written in light vein we may compare Theophrastus' contemporary Heracleides of Pontus. At the end of Diogenes' list of his works ^ we read Some of these are composed in comic style (KiDfxiKws 7r7rAaKei'), for instance the tracts On Pleasure and On Temperance, others in the style of tragedy (rpay/Kw^), for instance Those in Hades, On Piety, and On Authority. And he has a sort of intermediate conversational type for dialogue between philosophers, generals, and statesmen.' Unfortunately we do not know to which group Heracleides' Characters belonged, nor whether their title betokens a similar book to this/ Whether the companion volume of good characters apparently referred to in Theophrastus' preface was ever written, is not certain. But Diogenes' list of his works contains two mentions of Characters, one of which may refer to the good volume and one
' '
' ' '
"
*
Diog. L.
v6/xoi
i.
111-2. 118,
iv.
cf.
"
f.
(TvcdLTiKa irpofiXrj/xaTa
vii. 3.
Macr. Sat.
^
23.
It
Hesych.,
cf.
Ilepi X^^ecjs
Trepi
x'lpci'f'?/'^;'
Diog.
I>. vi.
15.
THEOPHRASTUS
bad a clearer indication is the passage where Eustathius speaks of Theophrastus' Brave man in contrast ^nth his Coward." The good characters the dinner-table would not perhaps find so amusing yet not all amusement is laughable nor were all p/ycrct? comic* To ^^Tite a book to serve, as it would seem," two such diverse purposes, would need an uncommon but happily not unexampled nature, that which combines philosopher, teacher, artist, and ^it. Readers of his delightful Letters will think perhaps of the late Walter Raleigh. Readers of Athenaeus will remember the account he takes from Hermippus,
to the
'
'
'
'
'^
about fifty years after our author's death a regular hour Theophrastus used to appear in the Garden spruce and gay, and taking his seat proceed to his discourse, indulging as he went along in ever}- pose and gesture imaginable he once mimicked an epicure by putting out his tongue and
"s^Tote
: '
;
who At
licking his
lips.'
Add
'
The most
expensive thing is time,' his pedagogic contrast of a lecture-audience {jravi'iyvpis') with a class (a-wkopLov), and his calling somebody crxoAao--tKo?, a pedant,' and you have a portrait to prefix to Diogenes' great
'
list
The
II.
new
'
new
Cf. Ar.
' Jebb is very sound here the object of the book philosophic] is, not that the descriptions are amusing, but that they are WTitten as if their principal aim was to amuse,' p. 13 {29). i. 21 a, quoting doubtless from H.'s On Theophrastus, Diog. L. ii. 55. ' For these passages see Diog. v. 36 f. and add vi. 90. ' 490 'volumes' as against Aristotle's 535 ( =' nearly 400 works,' Diog. L. v. 34) but of course many were in size mere pamphlets, as is shown by the totals of the lines.
"*
INTRODUCTION
and, though this book's reis slight, it is unmistakable. Passages like Herodotus' description of the Despot " and though the are doubtless in the direct line Oligarchical man of Plato's Republic ^ is almost as far removed from that of Theophrastus as Theophrastus' Flatterer from Menander's, certain parts of the Nicomachean Ethics show a near affinity. I translate a well-known passage " Such then is the fxeyaXoTrptTTvy? or Magnificent man. The excessive nature corresponding to the mean in him, that of the f^dravaos or Vulgar, shows its excess in extravagant expenditure. For the Vulgar man spends much on small things and seeks distinction in wrong ways, entertaining his club, for instance, as if it were a wedding-party, and, when he stages a comedy, introducing purple in the Megarian style where the Chorus enters. His object in all such actions will be, not to win honour but to display his wealth and cause a sensation, spending little where he should
things have semblance to
origins,
its
forbears
'
spend much, and much where little. The /xtKpoor Shabby-minded man will always show the corresponding defect and, after he has spent a fortune on a thing, lose honour in a mere detail of it, always stopping to consider what is the cheapest way and bewailing even that, and exaggerating the importance of everything he does.' There is humour here, but it is incidental. The humour of the Characters is essential. In Aristotle the examples are a means of expression, in Theophrastus they are the thing said. In Aristotle the teacher predominates, in Theophrastus the man of letters. Plato, here as always, is as much one as the other.
TrpeTTvys
ill.
80.
"
553
a.
'
iv.
1123 a
6.
THEOPHRASTUS
I add an outline of our author's life. Theophrastus, whose true name was Tyrtamus, was born, like
Sappho, at Eresus in Lesbos, probably about the year 370 B.C. His father was a fuller. He was twice instrumental in expelling tyrants from his native town, and the democracy of Eresus, overthrown about 357, was restored before 334. It was perhaps therefore partly for political reasons that he first went to Athens. Anyhow he sat at the feet of
Plato and, before his death, left him for Aristotle. probable that when, on Plato's death in 347, Aristotle withdrew, first to Atarneus, then to Mytilene, and thence to Stageira to educate the
It is
in
Lesbos and then joined his master in Chalcidice, to return with him to Athens when, in 335, Alexander became king. When Aristotle retired in the year of Alexander's death, 323, to Chalcis, Theophrastus succeeded him as head of the Peripatetic School. As many as two thousand pupils, it is said, attended his lectures. One of these was the comic poet Menander, who brought out his first play a year after the final triumph of Macedon at Crannon, 321. The Characters were written in 319. In 307 Theophrastus shared the banishment of all philosophers under the decree proposed by one Sophocles, returning on its repeal the following year. When he died, in or about 287, all Athens followed him to his grave in the Garden where he had taught. His will, which is given by Diogenes, is an historical document of the greatest interest. We gain from it among other things a clear notion of the Garden which was the undoubted ancestor of the modern college.
10
INTRODUCTION
II.
The Text
The manuscripts
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(5)
I-XV
A and B XVI-XXX V
: :
and the
class
I-XXI
membr.
saec. xi
ineunt.,
V is
is
Vaticanus gr. 110 chart, saec. xiii vel xiv, Epitome Monacensis gr. 505 chart, saec. xv."
The mss of classes C, D, and E, none of which is older than the xiiith century, are described, with the above, by Immisch, who has done more for the text of the Characters than any scholar since Casaubon. The text is peculiarly liable to loss and dislocation owing to two circumstances, the unusual number of
sentences beginning with kul, and the unusually disconnected nature of the subject matter. The first iriYites parablepsia (tt/JA.), the second toleration of displacement. (Hence the length of the critical notes in this
edition.)
Next to the contents of the mss, the most valuable datum for constructing a stemma has, as I think
rightly,
been thought
to
" Besides these there are papyrus-fragments (1) Oxyrh. Pap. 699 cent, iii. Epitome of xxv. 6 and xxvi. 1-2 (2) Philodemus irepl KaKidv Here. Vol. Coll. Tert. col. vi-vii,
;
11
THEOPHRASTUS
has these other mss Of this there can be three exat the end of XI. planations (1) V represents half of a different reor (2) the ancient recension cension in two books from which all our mss have come had the passage in both places ;" or else (3) the half-book (/3), from which V's ancestor (y) was copied, had, or rather came to have, at or near the end certain loose portions which alone, or rather some of which alone, eventually survived and were inserted in the other half (a) before the ancestors of the other mss {m, a, Of these alternatives the first b, etc.) were made.^ is rendered unlikely by the title of V, a-o rOyv rov
XXX. V
all
what
is
Seo(f)pdcrrov xapaKTi'ipwv
ig-'
\apaK-rjp SetcrtSai/iovtas,
having no index, which show that the scribe and the of V knew that he was copying a fragment second is not likely in so short a work (hut see below, All the other large displacements probably p. 30). took place in the earlier antiquity. Compare the history of the library of Theophrastus in Strabo, xiii. 54. One displacement, at any rate, is shared by the Philodemus citation (Pap. Here. Ii57). A third datum has not hitherto been taken sufficientlv into consideration, that furnished by the omissions, the repetitions, the transpositions, and the minor displacements. The great majority of Cf. the Urbinas of Theophr. Hist. Plant, ix. 8. 1 f and
and
its
the Aristotelian Problems, of which 14 out of 896 are identical repetitions (Prantl ap. St.-Hilaire, op. cit.). * More accuratel}-, the Archetype was divided into p and from p came a with half q, p with full index, q with none the index the other half-index was freshly compiled and added either to q after v was made, or to an intermediate ms /3, ancestor of all exemplars containing any of XV-XXX.
; ;
12
INTRODUCTION
these can, I think, be most easily accounted for on the following theory
:
(a)
That
all existing
mss except
the
papyrus frag-
ments come from a papyrus -roll without compendia'^ which had 11-12 letters to the line and a column of the unusually short average length of \2\ lines ^ ; (b) That this exemplar jvas purposely divided into two halves, either so that it could he copied by two scribes at
once, or because
(c)
hut to
of the awkwardness of this format ; That this exemplar ivas copied not only in contents some extent in form by the ancestors of all our
mss
That the edition to which this archetype (^Arch.) more immediate descendants belonged was made from an earlier exemplar (Pre-Arch.) which had about
(d)
and
1
its
8 letters to the
I
line.''
take
first
and then the indications that the supposed format of Arch., though apparently unusual, is posin order,
sible
(a)
:
i. Evide7ice for the 11-12 letter line in Arch, and immediate descendants (I star the instances where Trpx seems to be involved, underlining the letters concerned, and adding within brackets the number of
its
letters in
"
each
line)
Except such ancient devices as the stroke over the penultimate letter indicating N. * Or, allowing I a line per col. for paragraphing, say 13. " I can hardly expect my critics to write out the whole book, as I have done, in (plausible) 12-14 line columns of (plausible) 11-12 letter (rarely 9 or 13) lines with an eye to the possible causes of gaps, etc., but if they would
13
THEOPHRASTUS
V
:
repetition, in
XXII
5-6, of
TO.
Traioia (11)
fxri
after deivbs de
iriix-ipai
(10)
ij
eh di5a- (13)
(12)
5e 8ei- (11)
6\i- (10)
ffKaXov brav
repetition,* in
XXVI
3, of
dfj.f\ei
xRV'^"'-'^^'^^
(12)
CD":
omission,* in
XVI
4,
of
transposition,* in
XVI
9,
of iXdeiv between
oSt
eiri
veKpbv
(12)
and
omission, in
oSt
ev
eiri
Xex^; (10)
XXI
8,
of
roh
rri
fxvwxpi.
(11)
transposition, in
XXVIII
2, of 4>o.alv
after ev
warpiSi.
(12)
transposition,* in III 6, of
fM-fire (x
xo^W
(10)
(11)
and
anticipation,* in
iJ.r]Te
cnrovdrji'
XII
9, of
/cai
dvaXiffKou- (12)
ras
after
/xe,ua^77/v-6raj
icai
(11)
instead of after
dvovras (10)
10
lines,''
see below.
A Be*':
omission, in
Proem 4,
of
(11)
repetition, in
IX
7,
of
omission, in
"
*
XV
10, of
oGre
q^crai
(12)
After
XXI II C
alone.
10, 9, 9, 10, 12, 11, 11, 12, 10, 10 letters.
Of respectively
all,
of the
14
INTRODUCTION
loss,* in
XI,
1,
of
iTn<j)av7)s
Kal
(11) (12)
before
iTrofeiSicrTos
1 1
to the line of
^ letters.
Evidence for the column of an average length of //. in Arch."' (this depends, of course, on the The latter acceptance of the 11-12 letter line) * the eventually saved loose part (/^g) part of of the second half Qi) of Arch. gives the best example. It may be divided into nine columns thus, if we assign to the margin of Arch, words which there is good reason to suppose (see critical notes) were there and not in the text
12-13
XXX
SvvaTat.
paXaveiu
iirl
diarpov)
1 1
11
11.
eTTLdeti'ai)
11.
Kai
(4) eiwwv
aaTrpbi''Epfj.iis
H U.
tQiv
OLKeTOiv)
12
11.
fierpelv av-
'ivdov
(marg. airobovvai
8(.d
13
11.
Kal
(marg.
(r(p6dpa
dk
diro\//Cov)
13
11.
(7)
Tu)!'
viQv di
fidra
-5es
/xr]
-pi^ovros Kal
these nine columns M, or rather m, lost col. 1, probably by 7r/3X between the top lines ; all mss but V lost, probably owing to mutilation entire or partial, the first 8 11. of col. 5 and the whole of cols. 7 and 8. The average length, then, of the column in this part of the roll was just under 12|^ lines. Now, as the tendency of papyrus is to tear vertically, and C stops at XXVIII, Char. XXIX prob-
Of
ably began a new column. If so, between XXIX init. and 5, Arch, had (with two titles) 3 columns of 12, and 6
XXX
" Allowance for possible paragraphing would slightly raise the average length of the cokunns, and perhaps tend to equalize them ; contrast cols. (1) and (7) below.
'
Disregarding the
(/J^).
15
THEOPHRASTUS
roll was cut in two between and reasonable to suppose that XVI began a new column (this would doubtless be originally due to the planning-out of the format of the edition). It is interesting, then, to note that if we take 12 11. as the content of XVI col. 1, the column ends with an unelided dw6 (before iepoO) that if we take 13, 13, 13, as the length of cols. 2-5,
of 13
11.
Again, as the
XV
XVI,
it
is
cols.
3-5
may have
been
lost
from
by
7r3\
if j3^
iav
iSrj
and
Again,
the end of a column and the ultimately legible parts of it were copied and the copy inserted after Char. XI, Char. XII would seem to have begun with the top of a column ; and if we give this column 1-1 lines, we can account for m's
displacement of
dcrxoXoi'/ifVy
KOivovcrdaL,
Trpo(xe\du)v ava-
(12) (12)
li
down
( 12)
(11)
due to the omission of two whole columns through tt/SX (of the scribe of m) between the top lines of cols. 3 and 5.
is
(b) That the halving of Arch, was designed is clear from the equality of the division I-XV, XVI-XXX.
Arch. 7vas copied to some extent in form as well by the ancestors of all our mss (except, of course, the papyri). In some this identity seems to have included columns as well as lines, in others Both lines and columns it was a matter of lines only.
(c)
as in contents
apparently remained unchanged in both v and m throughout. The rest show evidence of the 11-12 letter line, but not of the 12-13 line column except (This in ^3, where they naturally coincide Avith m.
16
INTRODUCTION
perhaps indicates that v and m retained the roll-form while the ancestors of the rest were codices even in the first generation from Arch.)
i.
Columns
ii,
(a)
by
7r/3X
Apart from instances already given under omits passages of about 12 or 24 lines, apparently of its ancestor m, in
: :
II 4 f *
IX
5 f*
X
XXI
2 f* 8 f*
Kai
and Kai (12 11.) and Kai (14 II.) olos and olos (12 and 13
Kai
/cat
11.)
Tro/xwevaas
(12
11.)
and
W
V
is
Kai Kvvapiov
(11
11.)
(11
11.).
The evidence
ii.
:
for
ii.
Lines The 11 -letter line is indicated above under (a) tor the common ancestor of A, B, and some of the E class {abe) for the C class and the D class ; for the common ancestor of C and D (cd) ; for the common ancestor of A B
i ;
(a6)
as well as for v
and m.
(d) Evidence for a line of 17-18 letters in the PreThis, naturally, is rather less definite. Archetype
:
Proem
4*
opOQs
(17)
clearly
Comparing
irpoait
116
"^^^
ufxas 'fiovKoiix-qv
'>''^'
'^^
T^apaKoKoxidetv fi'/xaOuis,
we
see that
has
Ill 3 *
displacement of
Kai iaf vTTO/jJvri
ns
(17)
(17)
avTov
1X7]
dcpiaraadaL
j7
THEOPHRASTUS
before
/cat
fj.ey
ws BorjSpofxiwvos
icTTi
TO.
(17)
ixvar-qpia
^
YivavoxpiGivo^ ok to.
Tovpia UoffiOewuos 5e
TO.
Kar'
aypom
IV
13 *
displacement of
Kal iv ^aXaveicfi 5e
(16)
before Kal
rrjs
aur^s oSov
irapi-
(19)
we
Koix'KTaadai trap'
'Ap(16).
(17)
is
17^ letters to
All
mss except
4
U. of
Tr]v
/faraXiTrer^
class
odbv KaraXLTuv
This probably stood in the margin of Arch., having been omitted bj- the first hand. As D omits it, it was apparently adscript in cd also {see below). IV 9 * AB's omission of 18 letters, Kal Ko^pavros rrtv dvpav, is most easily explained by its having stood in the margin of Arch., whose first hand had omitted it by w^X either between ttjv oXvpav (M. Schmidt) and Trjv dvpav, or between Trjv dvpav (already corrupted from tt^v oXvpav) and TTjv dvpav, Pre-Arch. then had
:
i/ji^aXfiv TTjv
oXvpav
(17)
or
ttjv
Ovpav
(16)
(19).
XI 5 sion of
in the
It
now
looks as
if
we might
(18)
7r.3\.
irepi/ieivat
KeXevaai
I now give reasons for supposing (e) that this format was possible, (f) that the format of an ancient or medieval book was sometimes perpetuated.
18
INTRODUCTION
(e)
i.
That
this
Letters to the line: In O.vyrh. Papp. 1093 and 1182, mid-2nd cent, b.c, by the same hand, containing parts of Dem. contra Boeot. and Fals. Leg., the average length of the line in cols, iv and xiii of the one is 11-35 and 9-83 That letters respectively, and in col. x of the other 10-31. this length was not exceptional appears from A. C. Clark, Descent of MSS, p. 44. (The columns of these fragments vary between 33 and 36, and 28 and 31 lines, respectivelj^)
Hibeh Pap. 13, Hippias{?) On ii. Lines to the column: Music, 3rd cent, b.c, has 17 11., the palimpsest of Cic. de Repub., and Harl. 5041 (Theological Tracts) of cent, vii {cf. Clark) have respectively 15 and 14. Pyl. Pap. 28, iii. Short line and short column combined llepi UaXfj.Qi' MavTtK-i], cent, iv papyrus codex, has 13-18 letters to the line and 13-17 11. to the page; Oxyrh. Pap. 1779, Psalm i in Greek, cent, iv papyrus codex, has as
:
few as 7-12 letters to the line and 8-9 lines to the page Oxyrh. Pap. 1782 Didache, cent, iv vellum codex, has, in fol. 1, 8-11 letters to the line and 7-8 11. to the page, and in fol. 2, 8-14 letters to the line and 8 11. to the page; and Oxyrh, Pap. 1010, Ezra in Greek, cent, iv vellum codex, has
;
It is clear
Mai'TtK;/,
and 12 11. to the page. then that, apart from the Hepl ITaA/^wv parallels to the short line and to the short
in
column existed
books afford early exaniples of the combination of the two in short works. It should be noted, however,
that the closest parallels are codices.
(f)
Perpetuation
I
of a particular format
f.
Here
may
MSS,
for supposing that the close similarity of lineation observed in Plato, Parm. between B, cent, ix, and D, cent, xii, passed through an intermediate exemplar. The Aarau Fragments of Juvenal, cent, x-xi, tally page for page with the Pithoeanus, cent, ix." fixed format for the
good reason
"
f.
am
indebted to Professor A. E,
Housman
19
THEOPHRASTUS
of the Academic and Peripatetic books in the Alexandrian Library is probably " indicated by the linetotals ascribed by Diogenes Laertius to Speusippus, Xenocrates, Aristotle, and Theophrastus himself. We may compare the end of Josephus, Ant. sTri tovtols 5e Karawavaw r-qv
editions
dpxo.ioXoyiai',
^i/SXois /xev
eiKocri
irepieCK-qixtx^vriv
^|
5^
pLvpidai
cTLxuv. There would be no point in this if the copies of the archetype were not to be uniform, at least in lineation.'' It is significant, too, that Diogenes Laertius (vii. 33) refers to ' about 1. 200,' Kara tovs oiaKoaiovs, of Zeno's Republic, to about 1. 600,' Kara tovs e^aKoaiovs arixois, of Chrj^sippus, On the Ancient Natural Philosophers (187), and to 'about 1. 1000 of the 3rd book of his Justice,^ ip tu rphui Uepi AiKaiov Kara, tovs x''^'oi;s otixovs (188). These references, vague as they are," could only be of value if the format were fixed. And the survival of marginal hundred-marks,' e.g. in the Bankes Homer (cent, ii) and the Ambrosian Pentateuch (cent, v) would seem to imply an original fixed format as a standard of reference.
'
'
of the estabhshHne-units, 11-12 and 17-18, is clear. That of the column-unit is of less importance, but still, I think, of considerable value. And I think I may claim, at the risk of being told I am arguing in a circle, that the comparative ease with which most of the following solutions have come is corroborative evidence of the existence of the letter-units which led to them. I
begin
*
^vith<'
'
C. Clark has exploded the doctrine of the Descent, p. 43. * Cf. also the scribe's notes at the end of Philodemus irepl 'i}TopiKrjs and Epicurus Trepi -Pvaeuis, where the average line-lengths are respectivelv 20 and 14 letters. The texts probably indicated only 11. 100, 200, 300, etc. ^ Not all emendations involving these units are mentioned
Now that A.
line,'
normal
below
20
INTRODUCTION
(a)
Emendations involving
Pre-Arch.
the 17-18
leitei'
line
12*:
may
have omitted
oi)s
<Ka2 TTpos
a.vTt.5iKe1y
(19)
(22).
its
over
/cat
tovtol's
avKKviretadat,
margin
(19)
(17)
when
VII 3 *
Pre-Arch. had
iirL^aWeiv eiVas"
Si)
fxr)
(19)
over eViXd^T;
/x^Weis
(16)
and the first eVt was corrected by a marginal adscript vwo, which was copied as an adscript also by Arch. hence our mss vary between viro(3. and ewnS.
;
is
may
(18)
dwoSoKifidaai
(17) (20)
(20).
;
roTs
dWSrpia
dairapuxxiy
Here emendation is very uncertain but one thing is clear, the sentence must exemplify stupidity. I suggest that two 11. of Pre-Arch. were omitted from Arch, by TTjBX Pre-Arch. then had
: ;
XIV
5 *
(18)
iiravKhv vvcTra^aL
rriv
(18)
(22,
Kal
Oupav
dWoyvoricrasy
AAA
(17)
21
THEOPHRASTUS
XVI
10
:
(21) (20)
XVIII 6 * Tou Kva(pU3s is suspect. It ought to be dative, and the Kva(pevs, if expressed, should have come in the previous clause. Pre-Arch. had
:
ov Av 5 a^tos iyyi'V'V^f
K"-^^
(22)
OTav
rjKrj
rts alTrjcrofievos
(22)
ttjSX.
ov
hv to orav
by
With
6s for
ws
{see note).
if
XX
9 *
is
they are
made
when he
Pre-Arch.
may
have had
(18)
(18)
5e elirelvy
XXI
9*
aury
jj-vTiixa.
iroirjaai
(IT) (21)
(TT-qXlZiov iro.qaas
by
ir^X,
XXI
11
vapa
tQiv
(19)
irpvTaveoiv
it
XXIII 6 * It is as if we should say I gave A, B, C and D 50 apiece, E and F 25 apiece, and G, H, I, J and K 10 apiece, in all 300 {see note). Pre-Arch. probablv had
'
'
'^va
22
INTRODUCTION
XXIV
2 *
:
CevTvyxaveiv avT(^y
ivrev^effdaL (pdffKeiv
i>
TU!
:
Trepiirarelv Koi
XXVII
reading
15 *
waiveyyvayvvaiKen
into
uaLveyyvvaLKeff,
which was corrected in such a way ywaiK that V could not read it and wrote Sjcti
,
. .
XXX
13 *
Tpbnov
iroiKeiv'
7r(/3a\wi'
atrodocrdai
(16) (17)
iruiXdv to wuXeiadai
by
7r/3X.
(b)
letter line
If the words in question occupied a line of Arch, II 8 the last letters may have been written small, and this would account for the variants irpocrriyyeXKa, irpoarjyyeXKas, and
wpocrrjyyeXKa, ae.
5 * If, as seems likely, the mss other than V lost a part (cd) or the whole (m) of this by w^\ of Kai, it probably filled a certain number of lines in Arch. ; and yet 27 letters is rather too much for 2 lines and too little for 3 ; emendations of TravovpyLdv should therefore lengthen it. I suggest that Arch, had
:
XX
Kul vwoKOpi^e(r<?ai
(12)
om.
(12) (11) cd - fiaTLov (or -fiaTidiov) toO (9 or 11) [iroLTnTOV KaXQv. (11)
'
TTOinrv'^wv
Kal iravovpyr]-
Kal icdluiv 5e
(11).
XX 7
CD
Here
omit
eiV.
CD
/cat
read /ne iriKres and V iriKrh fie, and and read ws tto/^ W^p<} for V's tU i]fj.^pa
23
THEOPHRASTUS
{see note).
the
Kol oTi
inr^p
kt\ before
omitcdf"''^<r'.;/>^'^"OT
ujOLves
(10)
Kai
fie
^TiKTes
(12) (12)
(12).
XX
8 *
Kal
(12) (11)
<.d\yeiv6v,
Kaiy
d/jL^orepa 5i
(10).
(c)
VI
(11)
(9)
XPV
7r/3X
(12)
with wepidyeiv
4v
ry
dedrp'jj in
dropped by the
first
hand by
f''
iX'^^
KUpLlKI^ X'^PV
adscript
all
was apparently
dvaffeavpfievos
when Arch,
(above) and opxf'icrdai were dropped by and added in marg., whence a later ancestor of put them in in the wrong place.
but m.
VIII 2 *
TL
(21) (21)
wepl Tovde
Kaivov
and that Arch, telescoped the first line into Kal ex^'^ n, adding Kal ttws ?x^cs in marg. the marginal ^xets was afterwards corrected by an overwritten \iyeis which was wrongly taken as a correction of the e'xets which remained in the text 24
;
INTRODUCTION
in re-inserting Kai
TTws
(by
TT/SX
ttcDj ^x"s the ancestor of CDE dropped with the line above ?). Thus Arch, would have
Ae'yeis
KCLi
TTU);
ex^'5
Kawbv
koX
rl
X^7ets
ri
Kai
ttw? ^x^'^
kt\,
and
AaKOJVLKas Kvvas
ets
Kv^LKOV
TrifXTretv
Kai
iU,e'Xt
'T/j.rjTTioi'
eis
'Vddov,
(20) (20)
(12)
(H)
(11) (13) (11)
(12).
TTifi.ni.v
vas
/ca2
eis
^v^lkov
'Tfi-qT-
/xAt
Tto;'
ets 'P65o!'.
m, copying first {see below), could read (Twepye'Lv but not the whole of Kai d\as els Bv^dfTLov, which he therefore omitted the others could no longer read awepyelv, but accepted the legible part of the adscript, viz. ets Bvidpnov, as a correction
;
of
it.
Hence
;
ktX, eTTKTTdXfiaTa
epitomator
^^cots 5e crwepyelv XaKwvLKds Kvvas being dropped as unnecessary by the and the others read ^e^-ots di els Bv^dunov
reads
Kai AaKiovLKas Kvvas kt\. The Papyrus (see p. 11 n.) copied a text which had lost einaTdX,aaTa as well as Kai dXas els Bv^dfTiov but included wifj-weLv, which
eTriaTdX/j.aTa
standing doubtless in the margin of Arch, (having been omitted by the first hand because it comes in the middle of a list of accusatives) appears in before, in C after, ets Kv^lkov, and was (1) copied into the margin of cd, where Z> neglected it, (2) neglected by abe, etc.
25
THEOPHRASTUS
XXI
16
(V
10)
(17) (18) ivai ijdT) (TvyKadT]fj.evii}v (19) iV etTTj TU)V dew/xevwv (18)
^^(TLv
Arch,
lost -eVat
ijSrj
ffvyKadrifj.evwv
by
7r/3\
and read
av-
(12) (12) (12) JT-Q tQv dew fie(11) I'WI' TTpbs TCP (10) erepov on tov(12)
dfi^e<nv vareiireifftv
en-i
pov
Toi' ecrrii'
(9)
waXalcrTpa.
P " and the ancestor of Pre-Arch. had already lost 6 erepos before wpos tov erepov P's insertion of ns and omission of Trpbs TOV erepov are apparently an emendation of Philodemus or his authority. The eVi which apparently stood in the margin of Arch, as a correction of a.Tro{odi_e<nv) was taken by the ancestor of ABe as a correction of the now
;
unintelligible e'i.wri ; CDe kept eiTrrj and changed taking eiri rightly as a correction of diiro{5eii,e<nv).
it
to
tiirelv,
now
The question
arises,
mss but the Papyri come from the divided 11-12 and CD lost so letter exemplar (Arch.), why have much in the latter half of the book (/3) ? Much of M's loss is of course due to the epitomator, but some, in all probability, to M's unepitomized ancestor m. After V was made, (i became divided at many points. Some pieces were lost for good. The large piece containing X\T-XXVIII (;3j) was apparently missing when abe (see below) was made. One of the smaller pieces, however, that
if all
''
"
The Papyrus.
Or
g (see p. 12 note
b),
26
INTRODUCTION
containing XXX 5-16 (/Sg) was inserted in d " (after Char. XI) before any of the ancestors of ABCDEM were copied. The ancestor of (m) and that of CD {cd, see below) come from a plus the recovered, but not everj^where legible or
unmutilated,
/3j.
was made before any of the others (except of course v) is indicated by some if not all of the
That
following readings of
III VI 6
Toy's
1
ou
Kaipiuv
ij,
TO.
(bef. 'ATraroi'/pca),
IV
11
^t^tQv,
Kpa/j.ov,
Trepidyeiv iv dedrpip,
IX 3
ttov KeKXyj/xevos,
(bef.
xP^'''<^'''"tts)
13
1
dXcis,
XIII 5
In
/3,
rrjv
656v KaTaXnnbv,
m's unique readings iTrnrifxireiv, 4 omit Tr\v Ovpav, XX 2 avWaXy, 4 (irj/xariarj are not shared by y, and it is possible that most of them originated with the epitomator but jSr^ixaricrri, at any rate, must liave stood as an old variant in /3's text or margin and been rejected by V.'' has two passages, It should also be noted that in XVI
15
7)
XXI
(V
Sch.
Tapai'Tii'iKoi'.
Tis,
X\^I 10
iiiifpCcv,
XVII
XVIII 2
KCLV
yXavKes
are lost in
rapaTTeaduL,
reTpdai
ijfxepwv
which
All this seems to indicate (1) that fi-^ was recovered torn and worm-eaten, (2) that it had suffered rather less mutilation when in was made. It is thus probable that m was made from a( -f- ^3) + (i^ before any ancestor of ABCDJS copied it.
I now pass on to CD. That these two families had common ancestor derived from a( + /^g) + fi^ seems
a
to
in these as
be proved by the gaps. In /i they always coincide compared with V or M, and there is nothing to belie it in their readings. In a, neither has any considerable gap as compared with the other
"
*
Or ^
cf.
For old (?) variants in the mss of the other works of T. a note in Parisiensis (P) of the Hist. Plant. Wimmer
(1842) p. xviii.
27
THEOPHRASTUS
mss, but their shared errors, e.g. Suyeipeiv XIII 5, fSovXeveadaL 9, and the order Proem-Index instead of Index-Proem, are sufficient to indicate a common ancestry despite a few differences which may be ascribed to old variants in a
;
TO (so
dexdftevos),
XXI
M),
The
as
(i,
compared with
:
seem
causes
(a)
4>i\ovs
Bialras
parablepsia
efj.Tr\riaai,
(I"),
e.g.
XVI
5
is
XXI
6 Kal ko\oi(2
Kai
ivdvs,
XX
kolI
tov%
TnjdrjaeTat,
j'xoXdfetJ',
XXVI
it
ws
davfid^io
XXIV
didovros
4 rds
;
(6)
hard to see how w^X should create gaps of 6-8 11. in a column of 12-13 11., may well be due to designed shortening, not necessarilj^ from a desire to abridge, but because the partial mutilation of a or had put the passage beyond the scribe's powers of emendation
some of
these, since
(c)
mutilation of
/3,
e.g.
XXI
9 MeXiTaiov,
XXVII 4 Kal etr' ovpdv OLKa^eadai (3 cols, of 11, 11, 12 11.); (d) the designed omission of incomprehensible passages, e.g. XVI 2 iinxp'^vriv, 3 Tref^ cKfjoijOovvTos avvavovTas. T, XXVII 11 Kai eV5e^a Xirats Gaps of a column and over would perhaps generally indicate absolute separation, but the preservation, for the most part, of the right sequence of makes it necessary to suppose, despite the help doubtless got from the indices, that some of these large gaps were not actually missing from the recovered /Sj, but wholly or partly illegible ; a medieval scribe would probably merely omit such passages. I may add here that
(T/cei'dj'wi',
XX
9 uxrre dvai
XXV
in the C'-tradition there was an exemplar of about see gaps or transpositions of some C 21 letters to the line
somewhere mss
at
IV
7,
5,
VII
3,
8,
XVII
8.
and B and the class E. The relations I now take of the -class have yet to be worked out." Mean"
INTRODUCTION
it may be said that it is highly probable that and B had a common ancestor {ah), and that they share an ancestor (abe) with some of the -class appears from Ambr. P's toi'toi? rol'i in VI 4, e/</iaAAoi'o");? (AB eK/3a/\ovcri]s;) and ruaavTa'i in X 6 and 7. Indications of an A->e tradition appear in ifXTrecrijov \6yos II 2, ^(Txes and the position of ^x^ 3, dLa\pLdvpi^ei.i> 11,
while
XXI
may
t6 delirvov III 2. For a B>e tradition cf. veorria (accent) Suggestions of a II 6 (so Ambr. C), avacFvpbixevos XI 2. cd-^e tradition occur in II 4 Hkovtos, XIII 4 Sieyeipeii', 16 (V 10) eiVeic ; and of a c-^e tradition in IV 9 iKTruKovcraL, VII 9 KaKwXvaai. Some of the above identities
is at any rate evident that is not really a family, but a class composed of all I-XV mss <* other than and B. An entirely independent ^-tradition seems indicated by :
It
Proem title vpodewpia (Ambr. E), II 6 airlSia, 8 TrpoarjyyeXKci. VII 3 acpopixas, X 8 eaaai, XIV 6 tl (Ambr. E and I, with M). Ambr. P's oTr^cras in X 3 points to abe's having had in the margin an o wliich its ancestor, in common with A and B, wrongly prefixed to avaaLTuv, but, unlike them, also copied into the margin, whence an intermediate exemplar
ae,
prefixed
it
to
7r6o-as.
it
up, in the present state of our knowledge said that the value of AB has been exaggerated at the expense of CD and M. The Epitome, particularly, has generally been underestimated pi'obably because it is an epitome, though surely where an epitome gives a longer or clearly better reading than the unabridged mss it is the
To sum
may be
"
few liave
less
strictly, of course,
and B belong
to
this class.
29
THEOPHRASTUS
more deserving of
credit.
Some
-class appear to deserve closer attention than they have hitherto received. V has long, and rightly, been accorded first place ; but even here a warning is needed is not i;. Whether, as Navarre thinks,
our mss and papyri have a common ancestor in a recension of Andronicus, is at present an open question. If traces of the 18-letter hne are found in the textual tradition of the other Peripatetic books it \\ill make it probable." Meanwhile it may be said that the displacements are in his favour, though if he were right we should expect the Characters to share codices not with various works of the rhetoricians but ^\ith the rest of the \\Titings precious to the Peripatetics. However, this may be an accident of
their later history.
Stemma seems to me to account best If the reader prefers the doctrine of a double position for XXX S 5-16'' to that of its transference, it will not greatly affect my main contentions. For even if the 12-13 line column be rejected and that does not necessarily follow the two Une-units will stand, and it is on them that the emendations made on pp. 21-26 are founded.
The
follo^^"ing
< For the earh" history of T.'s books see, besides Strab. 609, the note at the end of the Frag, of his (?) Metaphysics, ap. Fabric, iii. 444.
'
See above,
p. 12,
and note
a.
30
THKoriiKAsnus
facinsf- 30
Beceiision of Andronlcus
cent.
i.
B.0,
B.r.
some
1
eiitondzed
"-letter
Pre-Archetype
U-letter Archetype 12-13 lines to col. papyrus-roll cent, v, </. xv. 11 n(?); purposely divided into
XV XXX
vitliont
Index
Iflt
half-Index and
;
Proem XV
XV XXX
16 yaiti k'd
17 end
luU
Index
full
Index and
M (Epit.)
full
Index and
cent.
Proem XXI
XV
in E.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Characters were not all reEditiones Principes covered till the year 1786. Characters I-XV were first published by W. Pirckheymer at Nuremberg in 1527, XVI-XXIII by G. B. Camozzi at Venice in 1552, XXIII:
XXVIII by Casaubon,
in 1559,
in
J.
his
2nd
edition, at
Leyden
in
XXIX-XXX
by
C.
Amaduzzi
at
Parma
1786.
Books useful
to the student
Theophrasts Charaktere herausgegeben erklart und iibersetzt von der Philologisciien Gesellschaft zu Leipzig 1897 (with an introduction by O. Immisch marking an epoch in the history of the text). Theophrasti Characteres recensuit H. Diels, Oxonii 1909
(text
only).
of Theophrastus, an English Translation from a Revised Text, with Introduction and Notes, by R. C. Jebb, re-edited bv J. E. Sandys, London, 1909. Teofrasto I Caratteri a cura di G. Pasquali (Biblioteca di Classici Greci), Firenze, 1919 (text and translation).
The Characters
Theophraste
Navarre
Traduction
par
O.
(in
the same series), Paris, 1924. Theophrasti Characteres edidit O. Immisch, Lipsiae (Teubner), 1923 (text with brief textual introduction
and apparatus
criticus).
31
THEOPHRASTUS
For tlie text by far the best guide is Immisch. For the commentary I should recommend the Leipzig Society phis Navarre. For introductory matter other than textual, e.g. comparison with Aristotle, and Theophrastus' English In dealing with the text it imitators, see Jebb-Sandys. should be remembered that the discovery of the Papyri has altered the situation in favour of Immisch and against Diels. A full bibliography could be compiled by combining Jebb-Sandys and Immisch. At the time of writing Dr. Pasquali's expected editio maior has not come out.
32
48
46
88
120
'AKaipia
70
.
'A\a^oveia
'
98 74
AvcLiadriala
Avaiffx^'fTia
'
62 96
'
AveXevOepia
'AirtcTTia
84 52
'AirovoLa
'
Ap4(TKt.a
50
76
Av5d5fia
B8e\vpla
AeiXia
68
104
GEOOPASTOY XAPAKTHPQN
eEO<[)PASTOT XAPAKTHPE2
nPO0EQPIA^
"HStj
fJLev
Kal TTporepov iTnar-qaag ttjV hiavoiav 8e ovSe Tiaucro/iai davjjid^cov, EAAaSos' vtto tov avrov rrjs
/cat
dipa
X^t,v
KifJ.vrjs
ttolvtcov
twv
'^XX-qvcov o/xoicu?
TTaihevofJievcov,
ov rrjv avrrjv rd^Lv Tujv rpoTTCov. iyd) ovv,^ cu IloAu/cAets', avvdecop'qaas e'/c ttoAAou )(p6vov rrjv dv6paj7TLvr]v Kal ^e^LOjKCJS erq evevrjKovra ivvea* eVt (f)vcrLV, 3e d}iJLiXrjK(l)S TToAAats Te /cat TravToSavrats' (f>vaeat /cat Traparededfjievos e^ d/cptjSet'as' ttoAAt^s", tou? re dya^ou? tcDi^ dvdpojTTOjv /cat tou? ^avXovs crvyypdipai. VTTeXa^ov Selv d eKaaroC avTwv
avpi^e^r^Kev
'qpuv
TITLE OF BOOK mss Qeocppaurov Diog. Laert. v. -1-7-8 tjOlkoI x^-P- ^t ^ only Men. 72 K(ock) in
:
x''-P'^i^'''Voes
'lOLwixaTuiv),
probably
be
T[pooifj.iov,
*
cf.
Madv:
^ mss yap (from below * nal ^e^. to ?) (we should expect are for Kai.), or to ttoXX^s (ef is strange and (pvaeai after ^iJo-ti' clumsy), is probabl^v inter-
mss yap
ivvea
polated
only
others eKarepoi
36
my
and
has
it
may be
never cease to
marvel,
come about that, albeit the whole of Greece Ues in the same chme and all Greeks have a hke upbringing,'* we have not the same constitution
it
why
of character.
human
all
them with
incumbent upon
me
to wi-ite in a
" Speaking generally, as we might of Europeans compared with Africans c/. Zeno's book On Greek Education. * If the preface is the work of Theophrastiis, this reference to his age must be corrupt or interpolated (c/. Zeno, Diog. L. vii. 28) perhaps all within the brackets is spurious there was a Polycles, adviser of Eurydice, wife of Arrhidaeus,
; ; ;
Introd. p. 5.
37
THEOPHRASTUS
3
eKOrjao)
Se
aot
Kara
yevos
oaa
re
Tvy)((xvei
yevq
Tporrcov
rovrots
VTroXafi^dvco yap,
a>
IloAu/cAets",
rovs vUis
avTols
rjjJioJv
^eXrlovs
pLvrnxdroiv
eaeadai
KaTaXei^divrojv
ot?
vtto-
roiovrojv,
Trapaheiyixaai
;^/3tu/xevot
alprjaovTai
/cat
4
rolg
OTTOJS
rjSrj
eva)(ripLOve(TTepois^
pir]
avveXvai
re
o/JLiXetv,
rpeifjopLai
he
ttl
rov
Xoyov aov he
Kal
etSyJaai^
el
Trap-
aKoXovdrjaai re evp.ada)s^
Xeyoi.
opOcbs
Wpciirov
r<jL)v
p,ev
ovv
TTOtrjaop^ai
rov
Xoyov
d(^et?
a-no
rrjv
^(^eipov^
atpeaiv*
/cat
et^rjXcoKorojv,
e^co^
ro
TTpooipLidl^euOaL
5
ttoXXo.
rov
rrjg
Trpaypuaros
ecpojveias
Xeyeiv
Kal
/cat
dp^ofxai
avrrjv,
irpaJrov
aTTO
opiovpiai
77010?
eW^
ovrcos
/cat
Stj
rov
riva
elpcova
8te^et/xi,
Tt?
euri
el?
rpoTTOv
KarT^vcKrai'
axTTTep
Kal
rd
dXXa
rdjv
TTadrjpLarcov,
v7Tedepir]v,
TTeipdaofiai
Kara yevog
cl>avepa
Kadiardvai.^
- E, 1 only M: others -rdrois cf. Aesch. 1. 116: rass ^ Arist. Elh. N. viii. 3. 8 al. opeQs (introd. p. 17) Buch.-', ef. I. 7 and Nicol. 1. 20 {cf. 13) K: mss tV
eipuvelav
mss
vepl
mss
also
iiredefi-qv
and
38
CHARACTERS
men both good and bad." And you shall have set down sort by sort the behaviour proper
kind of
to them and the fashion of their life for I am persuaded, Polycles, that our sons will prove the better men if there be left them such memorials as will, if they imitate them, make them choose the friendship and converse of the better sort, in the hope they may be as good as they. But now to my tale and be it yours to follow with understanding and see if I speak true. First, then, I shall dispense with all preface and with the saying of much that is beside the mark, and treat of those that have pursued the worser way of life,** beginning with Dissembling and the definition of it, and without more ado recount the nature of the Dissembler and the ways to which he is come ; and thereafter I shall endeavour, as I purposed to do, to make clear the other affections each in its own place.
;
Or ' of either kind of men.' This, particularly, implies the project of a second volume containing good Characters, which may have existed in antiquity (Introd. p. 7), and is no certain argument against the genuineness of the Proem as a whole ; the use of ixev ovv at the beginning of Char. i. shows that, if lost, a genuine preface or prefatory sentence was once here, cf. Xen. Mem., Arist. Mag. Mor., 'Oec, Rhet., Cic. Att. iv. 16. 3 ; for such a preface, spurious (?) but not necessarily very late, rf. that to [Arist.] Rhet. Alex., known to Ath. (xi. 508 a), and Mvnd. ; Arlstippus (died 350) dedicated his history of Libya to Dionysius (Diog. L. ii. 83), cf. Arcesilaus and Eumenes, ihid. iv. 38 ; cf. also iv. 14, vii. 185, and the list of Chrysippus's works ; it may be noted that r^ occurs five times here and only four or five times elsewhere ; but the style of the preface might well be rather different ; in anj^ case it is not typically Byzantine.
"
*
39
; .
THEOPHRASTUS
EIP^NEIAS
'H
fiev
A'
dv elvai, cos e^ ^ttl to ^eZpov^ TTpd^eojv Koi Xoyojv, 6 Se etpcov tolovtos tls, otos TTpoaeXduyv roZs e^Qpols ideXecv AaAetv ov jjLiaelv,^ /cat iwaLvelv Trapovras ols iiridero Xddpa, <KaL Tjpos ovs dvTLhtKl>^ Kal TOvroLs avXXvnelaOai rjTrcop.voig ojg 8rj Trdaxovai, kukcos.* /cat avyyvcojjirjv Se e;(eti' tols avrov /ca/ccDs" Xeyovai, /cat i7n<yeXdv>^ rot? Kad iavrov Xeyop^evois' /cat TTpos rous aScKovpLevovs /cat dyavaKrovvras TTpdtos hiaXeyeadai- Kal rot? ivrvy)(dvLV Kara GTTOvSrjv ^ovXapLevoig Trpoarafat eTraveXdelv Kal
elpcoveia
ovv
So^eiev
TVTTO)
TrepiXa^elv,
TrpouiToiriaLs
pLTjSev
<Lv
TTpdrret
/cat
ofioXoyrjaai
dXXd
(jirjaat
tl^
>
dpri irapayeyovevai, Kal dijfk yeveadai avrojv^ Kal piaXaKiadrjvaf Kal TTpos Tovs 8avLt,opivovs Kol ipavLt^ovTas KelTrelv (Ls ov irXovreZ, Kal 7TCjjXa)v>^ cos ov TTCoXet, /cat pLT] TTCoXcov ^fjoai 7Ta>Xelv Kal dKovaas pt^rj 7Tpou7Toi..iadaL,^ Kal Ihojv (f)rjaaL purj icopaKevai, Kal opLoXoy-qoa'S p-rj pbepLvrjadat,' Kal rd piv ukci/jadaL^ (f)daKiv, rd he ovk etSeVat, rd Se 6avp,dt,iv, rd S t^'St] TTore /cat avros ovrcn hiaXoyioaadaL /cat ro oXov heLvos ro) roiovrco rpoTTCo rov Xoyov
TrpoaTTOL-qaaadat,
^ovXeveadaf
<Kai
eirl
to iXarrovy
for fitaelv
cf.
Dein. 5i.
ov
fiicruv
-26,
wj
KUKuii
4-()0
Ribb.-/::
than Kal ov Men, Pk. 867 perhaps right, cf. ivCe'iKwadai fjnau ^ E, introd. * E, from koX p. 21 other mss omit irdcrxoviri /ca/fiis ^ T]TTr]fjLevois ^ * only ' ": mss ain-ov rf. Lys. 13. 75, Men. 179 K ^ Cas.,
for ov rather
is
oTi.
and
rf.
Men.
mss
(XKe-^aadaL,
iffKi(pdau
40
CHARACTER
I.
DISSEMBLING
adversary's ill-fortune
in
losing
his
case
will
;
to
him.
More, he
are put
approval of what
said
laugh in
<=
to such as
;
speak blandly any that are in haste to see him are bidden go back home. He never admits he is doing a thing, but avows he's still thinking of doing it and makes
it
the scene,
was ill abed. If you are borrowing of your friends and put him under contribution, he will tell you he is but a poor man when he would sell you anything, no, it is not for when he would not, why then it is. He sale pretends he has not heard when he hears, and says and when he has he has not seen when he sees admitted you right he avers he has no remembrance
company
late, or
of
it.
know
that,
is
this
again
is
came
to himself.
He
for ever
And
Cf.
the less
?
i.
''
Reading uncertain.
41
Xen. An.
5.
14 (Nav.).
THEOPHRASTUS
XpTJcrdai-
TTLarevw Ovx VTroXafx^dvoj- 'EktAeyets avrov eavrov erepov yeyovlvai^Ov jx-qv ov ravra jrpos e/xe Ste^T^ef^ Ylapaho^ov fioL TO Trpdyfxa' 'AAAoj tlvl Ae'ye* 'OnoTepov^ Se aol aTnaTTjaa) iq eKetvov Karayvo) dTTopovfiai' WAA' 6pa /XT] CTi) ddrrov Tnarevr^g.*
7rA7jTTO/xai
Ov
KOAAKEIAS
B'
TrjV Se KoXaKeiav vrroXa^oi dv ng opLiXlav alaxpdv clvai (TvpL(f>epov<jav Se ro) KoXaKevovri, Tov Se KoXaKa tolovtov riva, oiore dp,o. iropevofiVOV eliTelv ^vdvfifj cu? dTTO^XerrovaL irpos ae TOVTO Se ovdevl tCjv iv rfj TrdAei ol dvOpcoTTOL;
X^^^ ^^ "^V TpiaKOvra dvdpd)7Tcov KaBrjfjLevcov /cat ipLTreaovrog Xoyov Tig etTj ^eXrLarog, diT avrov dp^ap-evovs Trdvras eVt to ovofia avrov Kal a/xa rotavra Xeycov dno rov Karevexd'TJvcii'lp.ariov d^eXeZv KpoKvha, Kal idv ri npog rd VTTO 7TVvp.arog rpLXcop-OL^ TrpoaevexOfj dxvpov, Kap(f)oXoyrjcraL, Kai eTnyeXdaas Se eiVetv 'Opdg; OTi bvoLV aoL r]jjLepdJv ovk ivTervx^^jKa, rroXidjv uxf]Kag rov TTcoyojva p,(jr6v, /catVep et rig Kal dXXos TTpos rd errj ex^is^ jxeXaLvav rrjv rpixo-rj
^
HuSo/ct/xet?
E
:
mss
/xriv
Arabr.
*
other
mss
Kal
Cob
mss.
ottojs
late addi'
nON
iffTi
tQv
Toiis
(7) Toiavras (puvas Kal irXoKas Kal Tra\i\\oyias evpeiv rov etpwvoi (mss iariv ov x^^pof 5v and corr.) ravra di) rjQCov fiTj air\a d\X' eiri^ovXa (pvXdrrecr 0ai fiSXKov 5ei ^
fXf
* *
J'^
'
niss
ttXvjj'
(Tol,
ttXtjc
'
f)
aol,
ij
<toi
(i.e.
f}
marg. arch.)
*
Xeedh: mss
dWa
mss
also
exf
Tpos rd
tt] (I.e.
mss add
4.2
"
CHARACTERS I II
saying such things as
'
don't believe
' ;
it
'
'I don't
understand
'
'
'
;
'
You amaze me
' '
have changed
I
was told
'
'
Don't
tell
me'
to disbelieve you or
I
can
'
II.
FLATTERY
understood to be a sort of
flatters
Flattery might be
converse that
profitable, to
will
is
and the Flatterer Are you aware how people are looking at you ? ^ No man in Athens You were the man or this, gets such attention why, although of the hour yesterday in the Porch there was more than thirty present,'^ when the talk turned to who was the finest man there, the name that came to every lip both first and last was yours.'
say as he walks beside you
'
' '
him that
And
or if so be a morsel of chaff be blown into your beard, plucks it out and then D'ye see ? because you and I says with a smile be not met a whole day, your beard's full of grey though I own your hair is singularly dark of hairs
Such be the speeches, tricks, and LATE ADDITION which dissemblers resort. These disingenuous designing characters are to be shunned like serpents. and " Or in Athens.' Gf. Men. 402 K 5.
"
:
retractions to
"^
'
43
THEOPHRASTUS
4
XeyovTog Be avrov ri tovs aXXovs cncoTrdv KeXevaat' Kal eTTaiveuai Se aKovovras^ Kal e-mhe, enav TrauaT^rai/ arjixrjvaadaL OpdaJs' Kai
/cat
'
5
fi
9 10
aKwipavTL ipvxp<^s eTTtyeXaaai to re lixdnov waai els TO aro/xa cu? Sr) ov Svvdfxevos Karaaxetv rov yeXcora. Kal tovs aTTavrcJovTas [JitKpov eTnarf\vai KeXevaat^ av avros irapeXd-Q. Kal Tot? eats TraihioLs {xrjXa Kal aTrtSta* TTpia.p.evos elaeveyKas hovvai opaJVTOs avrov, Kal (f)t.Xrjaas 8e enretv' l^prjarov narpos veorr la. Kal avvcovovpievos cttl <7n(JvyyL0V> Kp-qmSas^ rov TroSa dirjcrat evpv/cat rropevoOfjLorepov elvai,^ rov V7Tohrjp.aros. pievov TTpog riva rcov (f)i,Xcov irpoSpapcbv enreZv on ripos' (re epxeraL, Kal dvaarpeifjas on Upoa-qyyeXKa ae? dp.eXei he Kal rd t'/c rrjs yvvaiKeias dyopds hLaKOVTJaai, hvvaros aTTvevari-^ Kal rojv eanojpbevojv erraLveaai rov olvov /cat irpcbros TTapaKeLpbevcp^ etTrelv 'Q.s p.aXaKa)g eadieis, Kal
dpas
n
(Ls
rcbv
drro
rfjg
rpaTTel,i]s
(j)7JaaLp,rj
Tovrl
ptyol,
dpa
Kal
XP''l'-^~^^
7TL^dXXeadat ^ovXerai, Kal e'l p-rj TrepiareiXr) avrov Kal^ ravra Xeycov Trpds rd ovs vpocTKVTrrajv^^ ifjidvpit^eiv Kal els eKelvov drro^XeTTcov
el
^
mss
aKOvovTos,
el
aKovros,
aKOvovTa
corr. to
e,
Foss
but
rass.
'
ti
wavcreTai,
wavcrrjTai
with
*
rj
ei Traverat.
some
Geop.
(pijcrai
'
mss omit
X.
*
/uKpov
OTrdipa
. .
most mss
owpaKiva
airiovs,
(/.
74.
olov
firfKo.,
aTrldia,
*
daixacTKTjvd
E: mss
(re,
mss
also
marg. arch.)
or
rf. Plat. Prot. 314 d fin : mss. also wpoc-nyyeXKas, * some mss omit ttjs ' Gronov.-Ka (introd. p. 23) ^* mss ti irepiaT., mss irapaKeiixevwv, irapap-ivwu and Kal ixT)v, Kal /XT] {fxT) from marg. arch., whence it was " Valck : mss -TriTrTwc intended to be added after tl)
omit
44
CHARACTER
your age.'
II
He
v/ill
desire silence
when
his friend
company
if
for hstening to
him
when he comes
'
Quite right
'
and
will
mouth
he could not hold his merriment. Moreover, any man that comes their way is bidden stand awhile till the great one be gone past. He will buy apples and pears and bring them in for the children, and giving them before their father will kiss them and cry Chicks of a good strain.' " When he buys shoes with him at the cordwainer's, he will tell him that the foot is shapelier than the shoe. And if he go visiting a friend of his he will run ahead and tell him he is coming, and then face round and say I have announced you.' He is the man, you may be sure,^ to go errands to the women's market there and back without stopping for breath and of all the guests will be first to praise the wine and will
'
' '^
'
You
'
up some of the food upon the table exclaim How good this is, isn't it ? and will ask him whether he is not cold ? and will he not have his coat on and shall he not draw his skirts a little closer about him ? and saying this, bend forward to and will speak to another with whisper in his ear
'
.''
"
Cf. Ar.
Av. 767
cocks.
'
Cf.
xiii.
n.
1.
specially feminine
45
THEOPHRASTUS
11
/cat
rov TraiSos eV
tw
Oedrpu)
12
Koi rrjv oLKiav ^-j^aat ev r)p)(^irKrovr]adaL, kol rov dypov ev TTe<^VTvad ai, koI ttjv etKova opioiav
eivai,.
AAOAESXIAS
'H Se
2
V
6 8e
dSoAecr;^ta
rj
Kaipicov
jxaKpcjv
a-Trpo^ovXevrcov ,^
dboXdaxi]S roLovrog ns, olos (Lv^ /xi^ yiyvojcrKeL ro)* TTapaKade^opLCvos TrX-qatov, TrpCbrov puev rrjs
3
avrov yvvaiKos elirelv iyKcojjLLov, elra o ttj? vvKros eiBev ivvTrviov rovro hi-qyiqoaadaL, eW oiv etx^v eTTi ra> heiirva) rd KaO eKaura Sie^eXdelv elra 8rj npox^jpovvros rod Trpdyp-aros^ Xeyeiv d)s
TToXXo)^
TTOvqporepoi
/cat
elaiv
ol
vvv
dvdpojTTOi
rcov
r-fj
dpxaLOJV,
4
ws
dyopa, /cat at? ttoAAoi eTTih-qpLovai ^evoi, ddXarrav e/c ^iovvgLojv 7tX6'l[j.ov eLvai,
TTOL'qaeLev
ry]v
t
Zei)?
vSojp
irXelov,''
rd ev
as"
yfj
dis
-)(aXe7T6v
eart,
ro
tjrjv,
/cat
Aa/xt7T7ro?
/cat
jxvarTjplois
TTOCTOL
5
jxeylarrjv
<rrjv>^
8aSa
/cat
ear-qaev,
/cat
X^e?
djs
TJjjLeaa,
/cat
BoiqSpoKoKaKo.
eari
jjLicjvos
*
rd fivar-qpia, HvavoifjicLvos^^ Se
(13)
LATE ADDITION:
Kai
TO
Ke<pd\aLOv
rbv
dedcracrdai irdv
*
x^'-P'-^^'^^^'-
viroKafJL^aPei
* ov Kaipiuv fj only in y, A, oh) * ^ cf. Luc. D. Mer. also 6v mss toitu) " * rass also ttoXi) ' some mss omit {o is 323 * the crop) : mss on dypbt', 5 (6) aypos, 6 dypos ei
mss
*"
mss
llvav\f/.
46
CHARACTERS II III
He will take the cushions his eye on his friend. from the lackey at the theatre and place them for
him
style
himself.
He
will
remark how
house
;
how
like
how him
tasteful
III.
GARRULITY
;
the delivering of talk that is irrelevant, and the Garrulous man is one that will sit down close beside somebody he does not know,** and begin talk with a eulogy of his own wife, and then relate a dream he had the night befoi'e, and after that tell dish by dish what he had for supper. As he warms to his work he will remark that we are by no means the raen w^e were, and tlie price of wheat has gone down, and there's a great many strangers in town, and that the ships will be able to put to sea after the Dionysia.*^ Next he will surmise that the crops would be all the better for some more rain, and tell him what he is going to grow on his farm next year, adding that it is difficult to make both ends meet, and Damippus' torch was the largest set up at the Mysteries,'^ and how many pillars there are in the Hall of Music, and I vomited yesterday,' and What day is it to-day ? and that the Mysteries are in September, and the
Garrulity
is
or long
and unconsidered
'
'
'
"
to say
''
LATE ADDITION In fiiic the flatterer may be observed and do anj'thing that he supposes will give pleasure. Perhaps in the Painted Porch,' c/. ii. 2, and Alciphr.
: '
ill.
"
''
17. 2
52). Celebrated in
(iii.
;
March-April.
this
is
clearly winter,
in Sept.-Oct.
47
THEOPHRASTUS
TO.
*A.7TaTOVpLa,^
HoaiSeaJvos Se avrov
to.
fx-rj
Kar
dypovs
a^iaraadai.^
ArPOIKIAS
*H 8e aypoiKia
6
A'
dcT)(rjyia>v
8e aypoiKos tolovtos tls, olos KVKeoJva Tnojv els iKKXrjalav iropeveadai, /cat to pLvpov (f)daKiv ovSev Tov dvfjLOv tJSlov o^eiv, Kai /xet^co tov ttoSo?
TO. VTTohrifxaTa (j>opLV, /cat pieydXrj Trj (fxuvfj
2 /cat
XaXelv.
TOLs
p^ev
<^lXols
/cat
ot/cetot?
dinaTelv, rrpos
ot/ceVas' avaKOLVovadai irepl tcjv avTO) Kai rot? Trap ipyal,op,vots pLiaOcoTots iv aypo) TrdvTa ra aTTO ttjs eKKXr^aias hir^yeZadai,' koL dva^e^Xrjpevos dvco tov yovuTOS
Se Tovs
avTOV
fxeylaTCOV
a>aT ra yvp,vd avTov viro^aiveaOai*' dXXo) p.ev p.'qSevL <pL'qTe>^ davpidl^Lv p,T]T iKTrXrjTTeGdai Iv tols oSols, OTav 8e iSt^ ^ovv tj ovov rj Tpayov euTrjKOJS Oewpetv. Kai irpoaipcjov
/ca^t^ctveiv,
/cat
eV
hi Ti
7
e/c
TTieZv
/cat
oitottoiov
TretpcDv
XadeXv,^
ko-t'
dXeaai p,T
8
ra
eTTtri^Seta.
^uytot?
^
dpiaTcov Se a/na /cat' rot? vttoip^^aXelv Trjv oXvpav /cat Koif/avTOs T'qv
has rd
* ^
only
others omit ra
sic
17) roiovrovs tQiv avdpujwojy Kai diapd/xeuof aTraXXdr8ri 8et Toi/s readai, oVris dirvpfvros ^ovXerai eivai 'ipyov yap avvapKelcOai. TOis firire ctxoXt)!' /ixijre airovS^v diaytvibaKovaiv, after which * rass has 6 yap xpovos ovM roZs Kaipiwrepots i^apKei * Ast also <j>a.'ivadaL : from (Lare on may be a gloss cf. Ar. Pav 1138, Lys. 1.12 ' some rass orait
(introd. p.
all rass
d7p. ra A. perhaps rightly have this sentence after crrj/uepov late addition: (6) irapacddavTa
/car'
,
48
CHARACTERS
III IV'
Apaturia in October, and the country-Dionysia in December. And if you let him go on he will never
stop.**
IV.
BOORISHNESS
to
be an unbecoming
**
thyme
his
purge before he goes to the Assembly, declare that smells every bit as sweet as perfume, wear
voice.
shoes too large for his feet, and talk at the top of
He
distrusts
his
friends
and
kinsfolk,
and
tells all
hired labourers
who work on
above
his farm.
He
will sit
his cloak
his knee,
of himself.
an ox or an ass or contemplate him. He is apt also to take from the larder as he eats, and to drink his wine over-strong to make secret love to the bake-wench, and then help her grind the day's corn for the whole household to fodder the beasts " while and himself with it to answer a knock at he munches his breakfast
;
;
Most things this man sees him not at all, but let him espy a billy-goat, and he will stand and
LATE ADDITION SucH men as this anyone that would stay unburnt by the fire should flee by all and every means for it is hard to bear with one who cannot distinhe can guish leisure from occupation. There is not time enough even for that which is relevant. This, in those days, would make him an unpleasant neighbour the next words refer to a different occasion.
"
:
;
''
'
49
THEOPHRASTUS
10
11
12
13
14
dvpav^ vnaKovaaL^ aurdj* Kal eariwv^ rov Kvva TTpoaKaXeadfxevos Kal eTriAa^o/xei'os" rov pvyxovs elireZv Ovros cf)vXdTTL to -^copLov /cat Tiqv OLKiav. Kal TO dpyvpLov 8e rrapd rov Xap.^dv<jjv*^ arro/cat eLvai, SoKL[jid^LV, Xiav Xeycov puoXv^pov^ erepov avraXXdrreadaL.^ Kel to" dpoTpov xpf](y^v hpTTavov rj dvXaKov, tovto^ T-fjs r) K6(f)i.vov 7) vvKTOs /card dypvirviav dvapn,jxvqaK6p.vos <avaaTas i^ivai> i,r]Tojv.^ Kal elg olgtv KaTa^aiva>v ipcDTrjaac Tov aTravTcJovTa ttogov rjaav at St^^epat /cat to Tdpi\os, Kal et TTjixepov^'^ vovpnqviav dyei, Kat <dv (f)i]> /"^ elireZv evdvs otl ^ouAerat KaTa^dg d7TOKipacrdaL^' Kal ttjs avTrj^ oBou Trapichv^^ ko[xlaaardat Trap" ^Apx^ov tov Tapi^ovs }* Kal iv ^aXavLcp Se daat. /cat et? to. vnoSirjixaTa 8e
qXovg eyKpovaai}^
APE2KEIA2
E'
opo)
TrepiXa^eLV,
H
2
^
a*?
evTev^LS
ovK
6
:
iirl
to)
^eArtCTTOJ
a/xeAet
'qhovrjs
rrapatls,
dvpav,
:
GKevaaTiKi],
Se
dpeoKos
rriv
tolovtos
ti]v
^
M. Schmidt
omit
*
k6\j/.
mss
0.
or
iir.
t.
also
Koxpavros
Cas
mss
SexJ/uei'os
*
\virp'jv {XvTT-qpov)
Cob
:
mss
afxa
dWdrr.
'
E,
cf.
Alciphr. 2. 16. 1 (3. 19) mss Kal t6, Kal ei t6, Kal S ^" mss (r^pi. 6 * mss ravra * E, see introd. p. 21 dyujv (incorp. gloss; for nom. cf. Sch. JVl KopSa^ 6. 3); for (!t7ft c/. Archil. 113 Bgk, where read "Prja-lv', eoij <^a" i'Oj' 01761 ^^ A' OapyriXia (subject once the king, cf. vei and vei. Zf I's) 12 mss also vttok. " c/. Ar. Pnj^' 1155 " Sylb. partit. ^' all mss have these two sentences after gen. mss tous
:
50
CHARACTERS IV
the door himself. When he gives a feast he calls This the dog, takes him by the snout, and says When he is the guardian of my house and farm.' receives money " he tests it and finds it wanting and changes it looks, says he, too much like lead And if he has lent his plough, or a it for other. basket, or a sickle, or a sack, he will remember it as he lies awake one night and rise and go out to seek it. On his way to the town he will ask any that meets him the price of hides or red-herring, and should answer and if 'tis new moon to-day come Yes,' declares he will go and be shorn out of hand and get some herrings at Archias' shop on the way to the barber 's.*^ He is given also to singing and loves to drive hobnails into the at the baths
'
*"
'
V.
SELF-SEEKING AFFABILITY
Self-seeking Affability, to give it a definition, is a sort of behaviour which provides pleasure, but and it goes without not with the best intentions ; saying ^ that the Smoothboot or Self-seeking Affable
''
"
Not necessarily
:
'
Ids (due)
money
'
tfie article is
often
used with this word when we should not expect it, e.g. so to xp''<^'oi' xxiii. 7. Diog. L. ii. 81 Observed as a holiday and a great day for marketing. " liegardless of the noses of the barber's other customers. ^ We have no single word for this unless it be Impressionism (and Impressionist) as it is sometimes transferred, in a bon mot, from the realm of art ; this man's behaviour comes from a desire to produce a good impression at all costs neither Complaisance nor Affability has this connotation ; Healey's Smoothboot is unfortunately obsolete.
''
'
Cf.
xiii.
n. a.
51
THEOPHRASTUS
ores'
L7T(jjv
Kal
davfiaGas
fir]
LKavcos
d(f)Lvat,
d/i^oTepat?
Tai?
p^epCTt
Xa^opievog^
7Tpo7Tp.ifjas^
3
Kai
epcoTT^Gas
770X6
avrov
oifjcrai,
ivaLvtov
TTpos
atraXXdrTeadai.*
purj
Kal
c3
TrapaKXrjOels
8e
Slairav
p.6vov
tco
TtdpeaTL
Iva
^ovXeadai
kolvos
dpeaKeLV aAAa
elvai SoKrj.^
/cat
dfrtSi/coj,
ng
S
eLTrelv
ws
St/caid-
koX
KCKXr^fxevos
771
SecTTVov
KeXevGai
elaiovra^
KaXeuai
(Jjrjaai
rd
TiaiSta
rov
'
iaTioJVTa,
Kal
auKov^ ofiotorepa
(f)LXrja'at
/cat
p^ev CTU/X7rat^etv
ayro? Xeyuiv
rd 8e
irrl
rrj's
dXi^opievos?'
AnoNoiAS
'H 8e
Kal
1
g'
epywv re
tls,
Aoycoi'/^
Se
dTTOvevorjpLevos
tolovtos
in
* [ejwi ^ E: mss xal only in P(ap. Here, 1457) * tls * mss also en iiraLvCov air. only ' P * Cor: inss and P accus. P: mss els or omit tiaekdovTa, but cf. Men. Pk. 193 (taken as singular?) * rass * Nav. suggests ctvkov (criKi^y^ cf. Herodas vi. 60 ^^ so P or Kadicxaadai, cf. Lys. also and P ir p ocr ay 6 fx.
18. 10:
mss
"
avadXi^ofxevo^'f cf.
A. P.
xii.
208:
P omits
Kal
mss and P place TrXetcrrd^is kt\. which most modern ^^ Gale mss SiKaLoKbyiov
a^la
^^
all
52
CHARACTERS
is
VVI
one that will hail you a great way off and call you excellent fellow, and when he is done Avith admiring you, seize you with both hands and not let go till
he have accompanied you some little way and asked you when he can see you, and then go his way with
a compliment. When he is called to help settle a dispute, his desire is to please the opposite party as well as the friend he stands for, so that he may be thought impartial. He will tell strangers, too, that they are right and liis fellow-countrymen wrong. Bidden to a feast, he has his host call the children, and they are no sooner come in than he declares them to be as like as figs to their father, and draAving them to him sets them beside him ^\ith a kiss, and plays with some of them, himself crying Wineskin, hatchet,' " and suffers others to sleep on his lap in spite of the discomfort.
'
VI.
WILFUL DISREPUTABLENESS
;
Wilful Disreputableness is a tolerance of the disand your Scallywag honourable in word and deed
"
modern Greek a child learning to or sinks like a TarjKovpL this man, then, lifts a child saying duvas and drops it saying ireXeKvs to try to sink an inflated skin was a proverb or the like ; for attempting the impossible. Par. Gr. ii. p. 31 1 ; inflated skins were used for crossing rivers, etc., Xen. An. iii. ,5, Plut. Thes. xxiv. ; according to Hesychius there was a weight called 7r6\eM's = 6 (or 12) minae (S. Koujeas, Herm. xli. 480, where see fig. Matz-Duhn. Ant. Denk. in Rom, ii. 2331) cf. Aristotle and Diogenes' proifered figs, .uereiopiaa^ tos to. rraidla, Diog. Laert. v. 18.
originally in water, as in
swim
an
da^i
'
53
THEOPHRASTUS
2
aKovaai, Aotayopalos rt? Kal dvaaeavpfxevo? Kal TTavTonoios' a/^eAet hvvaros /cat 6px^^<y0aL vrj(f)cov rov KopSaKa,^ Kal rrpoao)otos ofxocrai raxv,
<kcov>^ KaKcos
tco
rjOeL
hoprjdrjvai hvva^ivois ,^
TTeiov
4
ex^v
iv
KcojJLiKa)
Oearpcp.*
/cat
eV
rep
/<:-
eKaarov nepLajv^ /cat pdx^O'dai uvp,^oXov (fyepovai^ Kal TrpoiKa d^iovai. Secvog 8e /cat Trai^SoKeuCTai /cat ^oaKrjaai Kal reXcovrjaai, Kal jxr^hepiiav
Aeyetv /ca0
TOLS
tovtols
decopeXv
TO
iropvo-
alaxpov
fxa-
ipyOLGiav
6
dTTohoKLjxaaai,
dXXa
KrjpvTretv,
p,r]
yeLpveLv,
KV^eveLV
KXovrjg,
rrjv
rrjv
/xrjrepa
rpi^eiv,
OLTrdyeadaL
7
otKclv
rj
So^ete
rcijv
rov Kepapuov' TrXeLco XP^^*^^ avrov OLKiav. /cat rovrcov^ dv etvai TrepuGra/JLevajv rov? oxXovg Kal Trpoa[xeydXr]
rfj
cf>a)vfj
KaXouvrcov,
ol
Kal
Se
rrjv
Trapeppojyvia
aTriacrtv'
ol
p.kv
irplv
apx^jv,
rot?
Se avXXa^rjVy rolg 8e p,pos rov Trpdyparo? Xeyet, ovK dXXojs Oewpelcrdat d^uajv rrjv dirovoiav avrov
8 t)
orav
f)
TTav-qyvpLs.
LKavog 8e
fXv
(f)evytv,
rd? Se
Staj/cetv,
Herw.,
cf.
* Foss, i.e. toi? Sw. a Men. 614 K nom. (mss) cannot be right or omit \ol5. dw.
;
:
p.
*
24
^ Sch. Kopda^ eWos 6pxv<Tews aicrxpai Kai introd. vepidyeiv ev dearpiij (sir) only in M. * some mss Needh. i.e. irepuwv mss Trapitbi'
omit
^^
TovTOLs
'
only
S',
Needh: mss
Sch.
tovto
u>
TO.
direrWeffav
54,
CHARACTER
or Wilfully Disreputable
his
VI
is
man
"
quick to pledge
name,
of a ne'er-do-weel, decency-be-damned, devil-maycare disposition. He is the man, I warrant you," to dance the cordax sober, and when he wears a mask in a comic chorus to twist it hind-part before in the face of the house."* At a show he will go round collecting the pence from every man severally, and wrangle with such as bi*ing the ticket and claim to look on for nothing. He will keep inns and brothels, he will farm the taxes crier, cook, dicinghouse man,*^ there's no trade so low but he'll follow He will turn his mother out of doors,^ be it. apprehended for larceny,^ spend longer time in the lock-up than in his own house. He would seem to be of those who gather crowds and abuse them and argue with them in a loud cracked voice, while some will come after he is begun and others go before he ends, this getting but the prologue, that the summing-up, the other a morsel of the theme itself, and no occasion reckoned so pat to his purpose as a fair.'' In the courts of law he is alike he may refuse fitted to play plaintiff or defendant his testimony on oath, or come to give it mth a
; ;
Perverse? c/. E. A. Poe, The Black Cat. Abandoned ? able to be abused (gloss Or, without emendation, ovfufjiai with pass. inf. is very rare in classical Greek).
*
' '
Cf. xiii, n. a. * Cf. vepiay. T^|v Kif>a\r]v, rbv rpaxri^OP, kt\ or ' do ttie scene-shifting in his mask ? cf. irepiaKToi. " The context Vielies the usual meaning dice-player." f Such people were classed by law as evil-livers and lost the right to speak in the Assembly, cf. Aesch. 1. 28, Diog. L.
: '
'
"
i.
55.
"
This sentence
is
55
THEOPHRASTUS
9
^^'^ Kal opfxadovs ypa/x/xaretStcuv v Tat? x^P^^^aAA' ouSe ttoXXcov ayopaioiv a7TohoKLjxa.t,eLV Se aTparr]yelv^ Kal evdus rovrocs Sat'et^eiv Kal Trjs Spaxp-'fjs TOKOV rpia i^/xtcujSdAta t^s rjjjiepas irparreadai, Kal e^oSeueiv ra fxayeipela, ra IxdvoTTcuAia, TO. rapixorrojXia, Kal rovs tokovs <tovs>^
arro
rod
yvdOov eKXeyeiv.^
AAAIAS
'H Se AaAta,
elvai
Z'
et ti? avrrjv opi^eaOai ^ovXoiro, av Sdfeier aKpaaia rov Xoyov, 6 8e AaAd? TOLOvros Tis, OLOs TO) evTvyxavovTL eL77LV, av oriovv TTpos avTOV (f)dey^rjTaL, oVt ovdev Xeyei, Kal on avTOS Trdvra oihev, Kal on av olkovt] avTov [xadijaeTaf Kai jjiera^v 8e dTroKpivojxevoi
VTTO^aXelv*
Xeyeiv,
eiTTas'
Kal
Ei)
ye
2u on
/jlt^^
eTTtXadrj
/xeAAet?
[xe
VTrepLvrjaas,
Kal
To
XaXelv cos XPl^^l^^ ttov, Kal "0 TTapeXmov , Kal Ta;i(i; ye avvrJKas to TTpdyfia, Kal IlaAat ae TTaperrjpovv et eVi to avTo ifiol KarevexOTjurj' Kal eTepas apx^s^ Totaura? iropiaaadai, coare avaiTvevaaL tov evTvyxdvovTa- Kal OTav ye pnqh Tovs Ka9* eva OLTTOKvatar],'' Selves' Kal eirl rovs
^
dTro5oKLfj.d(,'eiv
Meier
mss
-wf
19.
dXX'
:
oi;5^
E,
cf. xxviii.
ci/xa
:
1395,
Dem.
nai
37 the
de
mss
oi
ov5'
Diels'
^
sequel
elaiv
fj.eyd\ri
Nav.
ws
to aro/jLa evXvrov
^Xovres Trpos
(Tvv7)Xi^v
(pdeyyofj-evoi
to.
ry
(piav^,
ai'Tois
VTTO^dWet^v), corr. ?)
'
* mss ipyaar-qpLa iwi^. (introd. or vvoXa^eii' (old p. 21) : mss also dcpopfj-d^ mss also Eliras av; fii]
dyopdv Kal
old variant
:
diroyv/jLVibo-ri
diroyvaicrr) ?)
Nav.
dTroyv/j.i'dcrTj
56
CHARACTERS VI VII
sealed box in his coat and bundles of documents ^ Nor loath is he, neither, to play captain in his hands. to much riff-raff of the market, lending them money the moment they ask it, and exacting three ha'pence And he makes his a day usury on every shilling. rounds of the cookshops, the fishmongers', the salters', and collects his share of their takings in
his cheek.**
VII.
LOQUACITY
;
Loquacity, should you ^vish to define it, would and the to be an incontinence of speech Loquacious man will say to any that meets him, if I know all he but open his hps, You are wrong
seem
'
shall learn the truth.' And in the midst of the other's answer Pray such words as these he whispers him or I bethink you what you are about to say or There's nothing thank you for reminding me or You like a talk, is there ? or I forgot to say or I had have not taken long to understand it
about
it,
and
if
you
'^
will listen to
me you
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
long expected you would come round to my way and provides himself other such of thinking openings, so that his friend can hardly get his breath. And when he has worn out such as go singly, he
'
**
papyrus-rolls strung together. for carrying small change, cf. Ar. Eccl. 818. Troublesomc indeed are those who LATE AUUiTioN always have their tongue ready to let slip for abuse, and who make the market and the worktalk with loud voices shops to ring with their words. ' Or 'interrupts him with.' Or perhaps 'disarmed.'
" i.e.
*
"^
57
THEOPHRASTUS
ddpoovs^
5
uuveaTrjKoras
TTopevOrjvaL
.
Kal
(f>vyelv
to.
Kat elg
8t8a-
GKaXeXa 8e Kat
rovg
6
ei's"
TratSa?
TTpofJLavddveLv,
roaavra
Kal
Kal
rrpoa-
\a\elv
TOi)?
TOL
TTatSorpt^ats'
StSaa/caAots".
TrpoTrepifiai,
Kat
Kac
drrUvaL
(fxiaKovrag
et?
rr^v
Setvog
OLKiav.^
aTTOKaraaTfjoai
Kal
irvdofxevos
ttotg^
yevopievrjv
rolv
p'qropot.v
jxax't^v,*
TO)
SrjiJLcp'
imXadeGdat
r]
vvard^ai
r)
pera^v Kara-
XtTTOvrag^ dnaXXdrTeadaL.
Xeycov
d>s
otl
^aXeTTOV
eartv
rep
rj
XaXcp
iari
aiwTTav,
Kat
iv
vypco
yXaJTra,
el raJv )(^eXLh6va)v
Kal
vrro
raov
avrov
dv
^
drav auro?
Tara/
Xd^rj.
XaXeZv Tt
^
ottcos
f]p.ds
VTTVog
ti?**
some mss
vii.
Xav. compares
Xen. An.
47
^ XXX. 11) TTJV iw' ApL(TTO(f>U)VrOS * Diels-Hottinger mss Tore (TTOTf), incorporating gloss Tov p-fjTopos p.. and add, after incorporation of gloss, kuI ttjv AaKeSaLfiouioLS {-wi') i'tto {eirl) \vadv5pov, confusing the archon of 3S0 with the member of the Four Hundred : a i-eal battle
KKKpOVfXVUl
e/c
eTirev v8oKifir]<ra%
58
CHARACTER
is
VII
prone to march upon those who stand together and put them to flight in the midst of their business. It is a habit of his to go into the schools and ^vresthng-places and keep the children from learning their tasks, he talks so much to their teachers and trainers." And if you say you must go your ways, he loves to bear you company and see you to your doorstep. And when he has news of the meetings of Assembly he retails it, with the addition of an account of the famous battle of the orators,^ and the speeches he too was used to make
in troops,
there
with
against democracy,
it is all
till
his
listeners
forget what
about, or
fall
half-asleep, or get
up and leave him to his talk. On a jury this man hinders your verdict, at the play your entertainment, at the table your eating, with the plea that it is
hard for the talkative to hold his peace, or that the tongue grows in a wet soil, or he could not cease though he should outbabble the very swallows. And he is content to be the butt of his own children, who when it is late and he would fain be sleeping and Talk to us, daddy, and bids them do likewise, cry then we shall go to sleep.'
'
"
*
For construction
cf.
Alciphr.
ii.
32. 3
(ill.
34).
in
330
b.c.
' E (Ribb. Tard, but cf. avrbv ij. k. ^ovKbfievov {^ov\bfXvov for omission of the second corr. to -va.) KeK. Xeyoi'ra ravra * most mss omit ns, but KaOevSeLf cf. Dem. 5A: 23 fin. (like oTTws &v ? and XaXeiv) it may be baby-language.
Herw.
KaraX.
:
Herod,
i.
60
TdToXii^eiv)
mss
59
THEOPHRASTUS
AoronoiiAE
*H Se XoyoTTOua
Trpd^ecov
ojv
/cat
H'
iarl avvdeais ipevScov Xoycov ^ovXerai 6 XoyoTTOiibv , 6 he rig, TOLOvros XoyoTTOLos otos a.TravT'qcras tw vdvs Kara^aXojv to rjdog^ Kal /xecSiacra? (f)LXa) ipajrrjaai- YioOev av Kal vcos e^eig /cat e;^et? rt eliTelv Kaivov ;^ /cat (Ls ivLpaXXajp^ TTepl Tovhe ipcordv Mrj Xeyerat tl Kaivorepov; Kal p.r]v dyadd ye euri rd Xeyojxeva' Kal ovk edcrag dTTOKpivaaOai eiTTeZv Tt Xeyeis; ovSev aKiqKoas;
jtxot ere eva>x'^'^^'-'^ Kaivcov Xoywv Kal eariv avTcp rj arparLOjrris <TLg>* r] iraZs 'Aareiov rov avXi]rov 'q Avkcov o epyoXa^o<s Trapayeyovojs e^ a'VTi]? rrjg pudx^S ou cjirjaiv aKTjKoevai' at pcev ovv dva(f)opal rdJi' Xoycov roiavrat elaiv avrco^ a>v
So/ccD
ouSet?
d.v
<j>daKCov
7
pid'xriv'
av
eLTTTj
exoi eTriXa^eadai^' StTjyetrat he Tovrovg Xeyeiv cu? YloXvTrepxojv Kal 6 ^aaiXevs veviKTjKe /cat K.daavhpog e^coyprjTaf Kal Tt? avTO)' 2u he ravra TTtareveLS ; yeyovevai
to TTpdypca' ^odadaL yap ev ttj TToXei, /cat Xoyov enevTetveiv, Kal TrdvTag avpi(f)a>veLV, TavTa yap Xeyeiv Trepl TTJg P'dx'QS Kal ttoXvv tov t,0}pidv yeyovevai' eivac h eavTco^ Kal arjpieXov Ta Tojv ev tols rrpdypiaaiv, TTpoacoTTa opdv yap
<^7]gI^
Tov
/cat
sc. TO
and
TO
*
TOV wpojuiTTov cf. [Arist.] Physio<i. i. 805 b 2, Eur. Cycl. 167 KaTa^aXKeiv tols 6(ppvs, Ar. Vf.ip. 655 xaXaj/
firl
;
fjueTcoTTov,
tcls
6(ppvs,
'
Araphis
3.
'
305 M.
*
introd. p.
:
:
24
mss
-0a\iov
/?
most mss
*
-tov
''/
t'-^XV
have
(prjaei
Cas mss -Xadeadai ^len. Ep. 79 most mss omit * Diels mss 5e ai'roS
:
mss
also
Ttiv?
yeyoi'ivai, all
i'
ai'ros
mss
also avTov
60
CHARACTER
VIII.
VIII
NEWSMAKING
;
Newsmaking
the
'
is
own caprice and one that no sooner meets a friend than his face softens and he asks him with a smile Where do you come from ? How do you ? and Have you any news of this ? and throwing himself, so to speak, upon him Can there be any greater news ? nay, and it is good news and without suffering him to answer, What ? cries he, have you heard nothing ? methinks I can give you a rare feast.' And it seems he has some soldier, or a servant of
sayings and doings at a man's
Newsmaker
is
'
'
'
'
'
'
maybe Lycon the come straight from the battle-field, who has told him all about it. Thus his authorities are such as no man could lay hands on. Yet he recounts, with them for sponsors, how that Polyperchon and the King have won a battle, and Casander is taken. And if it be asked him Do you believe this ? he
Asteius
the flute-player's,'' or
contractor,
'
'
'tis common talk, and and everyone says the same all agree about the battle, and the butchers' bill is very long he can tell it from the faces of the Government, they are all so changed. Moreover, he has been told in secret that they are keeping in
indeed,
the
'^
**
Cf.
Dem.
Phil.
i.
43. 10.
field
Flute-playing was usual at sacrifices on the battle as elsewhere (Nav.). " Introd. p. 5, and Index. Lit. 'the broth has been plentiful.'
''
of
6"]
THEOPHRASTUS
TTapaKiqKoe irapa tovtois KpvTTTOjxevov Tiva ev olklo. eV ^laKehovias og 7TfjL7TTrjv r]fxpav rjKovra tJStj
9
TTOLVTa
TTCJS
ravra
etSe^-
/cat
ravd'
diravra^
8l^l(1}V
oleade TnOavcos Gx^rXid^cov Xeyec^- Avarvx'^? Kacrat'Spo?" a raAaiVoipos" ivOvfifj ro rrjs rvx^^s;
10
/cat Aet 8' dAA' ovv laxvpos <ye> yevofievog* avTov ok piovov elSevai- Trdart 8e rols iv rfj TrdAet TTpoaShpdpi7]K Xeyojv}
ANAISXTNTIAS
'H 8e dvaiaxpyrta earl
KaTa(f>p6vrjui.s
2
0'
as"
/xeV,
opco
Xa^etv,
dvaiaxvvTOs tolovtos, olos rrpaJTOV p.kv 6v avoarepeZ irpos rovrov aTreXdcov hav^it^^adaf etra dvaas rois deolg avrog p.ev SetTri^eti/ nap erepo), TO. Se Kpea dnoTLdevaL aXai naaag. Kai ttol aKoXovdov rov KKXrjp.vos,^ TTpoaKoXeadpievos Sovvai diTO Trjs rpaTre^-qg dpag Kpea? /cat dprov, Kal L7TLV dKOv6vra>v TrdvTCov l^voj^ov, Tt'^eie.'
^
^
rass
:
also
ol5e
mss
:
Travra,
ravra
w.,
(rxerXidj'wi^
iirayiiv,
others
<7xeTXdfei(j')
LATE
irore
ADDITIOK
^ovXovrai
(H)
Tuiv
roLOvrwv
dvdpwirwv
XoyoTroiovvres' ov yap fjiovov ipevSovrai irXArrovai Kal aXvaireXri (mss -Xws airaWdrr,). (12) TroXXciKts yap avrwv oi fiev iv roh ^aXaveiois Trepicrdcreis rd Ifxdria dTro^e^\7)Kaciv, oi 8' iv iroiovfjuvoi ry (Trod, ire^o/xax^a Kal vavu.ax'-O. vtKuii>Ts ipri/jLOVi SiKas <h<p\^5' Kaffiv. oi Kal TroXeis tw (rass Tr\e2crroi) Xoyui (13) eicrl
redavfiaKa
ri
aWa
irape5tLirvridr](jav,
(14-)
irdvv
5r]
raXaiov)
of'
ai'rQv
TTolov
Trola
8e
/j-epos
dyopds
ov
ov or Orait) dirjfj.epevovcnt' aTraiSdv woiovvres rovs dKOVovrai ; * only in (15) oCtws Kal Kara-Kovovcri rah \pev8o\oyiais. ' mss also ripue, npuwrare, Sch. only in (ttov kk\.)
(mss
Tt(3te
8ov\ik6p ivofxa
ois
62
CHARACTERS VIII IX
one that came four days ago out of Macedonia who has seen it all.<* While this long tale is telUng, you cannot think how true to Hfe are his Poor Casander unhappy man do cries of woe you see how luck turns ? Well, he was a strong man and he ends with saying, But once, and now mind you, this must go no further,' albeit he has been running up to all the town to tell them of it.^
close hiding
' :
!
'
'
IX.
UNCONSCIONABLENESS
it,
is
Unconscionableness, to define
a neglect of
re})utation for the sake of filthy lucre ; and he is unconscionable who, in the first place, goes off and
borrows of a creditor he has already refused to pay." Next, when he sacrifices, he dines abroad, and lays by the meat of the victim in salt.** When he is a man's guest, he calls his lackey and takes and gives him bread and meat from the table, and says in the Fall you to and hearing of the whole company
'
"
*
Or,
'
knows
everything.'
:
It Is a marvcl to me what object such LATE ADDITION men can have in making their news. They not merely tell For oftenlies, but forge tales that bring them no profit. times have they lost their cloaks gathering crowds at the baths, or been cast in their suits-at-law by default a-winning battles by land or sea in the Porch, or it may be have missed Their manner their dinner taking cities bj' assault of word. for what porch is there, or workshop, of life is hard indeed or part of the market-place which they do not haunt day in day out, to the utter undoing of their hearers, so do they
;
?
;
Cf.
vii.
d5tKer
6. 9,
= he
has
wronged
53
;
Nav.
compares Xen.
cf.
An.
vi.
^
Isocr.
18.
for
cnreXdJji^
Diog.
L.
46.
it
c/.
Men.
518. 3 K,
63
THEOPHRASTUS
4
TOV KpeojTTOjX-qv t yeyove, Kal iuriqKcos irpog rip aTadfJLO) /xaAtcrra jxev Kpeag, el Se p.r], oarovv et? TOV ^vyov^ ifjL^aXelv, /cat iav p,ev XdOr],^ el 8e {xtj, apTTaaas oltto rr^s rpa7Tdt,rjg ^(oXiklov a/Lta yeXoJv
/cat
OljjOJVCOV
Se
VTTOfJt.LfJiV'j^UKeLV
TL p^pTycrt/xos" avrix>
OLTTaXXaTTeadaL.
fir]
Soy?
TO
Ti^t'
pbipos
uiet? etV
ooa
7
iojvr^jjLevog
top'
TratSayojydr.
/cat
cjiepet,
/cat
auTO).
/cat
ttjv
SaveC^eardai
Kpidds,
ttot
d^vpov,^
/cat
ravra
dirofjiepeLV rrpog
Setro? 8e
TTpoaeXdojv
^difia?
TOV
CTOt
^aXavlws
OTL
-)(dpL?.
avros
elTTelv
AeXovjxaL,
MIKPOAOriAS r
Se 1^ fiiKpoXoyia c^etScoAta tou hia^opov TOV Kaipov, 6 Se jxiKpoXoyos tolovtos tls, oto? ev TOJ pi,7]vi tjixloj^oXlov aTTaLTeZv eXOwv^ cttl Kal (jvaaLTcbv^ dpidp-elv re Tzooas'^'' TTjv olKiav.
"EffTt
VTTep
^ masc. in this sense: mss also ^w/j-bv, but with e/iSaXe?!' ^ old this could only be taken as into not for his broth var. I': most mss \d/3??, but r/. the reverse iirCKadiadai viii. 4 ' mss also axi'pa ; for omission of the mss add eD e'xet * MfJ'-clause cf. Plat. Theaet. 101 n, Andoc. 1. 105
:
Toiis
'
"
J'^
'
ss
avrov
;
* Ar. Pax 1103 " varied order in mss, re (rds or omit) KvXiKai ir6<ras {owbaas Ambr. P, introd. p. 29), woaas kvX., shows that Kv\i.Kas was
c/. mss XeXovrai dv. ^a^-e^ ' introd. p. 29 most mss omit
:
cf, xiii.
4)
64
X
CHARACTERS IX
welcome, Tibeius.'
"
Buying meat he
will
remind
the butcher of any good turn he has done him, and as he stands by the balance, throw into the
a piece of meat or, failing that, a bone else, which doing if he be not seen, well and good he will snatch a bit of tripe from the counter and
scale
; ;
away laughing. He takes places for foreign friends of his to see the play, and then sees it himself without paying his scot, and even takes his children the
next day and their tutor to boot.'' One that carries home something he has bought a bargain is bidden and he will go to a neighbour's share it with him to borrow to-day barley, to-morrow bran, and make the lender fetch it when he pays it back. He loves also to go up to the cauldrons at the baths, and dipping the ladle despite the cries of the bathingman, do his own drenching, and exclaim as he runs off, I've had my bath, and no thanks to you for
;
'
that
'
!
X.
PENURIOUSNESS
Penuriousness is an excessive economy of expendiand the Penurious man is he that will come a man's house ere the month run out for a farthingsto and at the club mess will reckon worth of usury
ture
; ;
" i.e. after the weighing, and before the meat is lifted from the scale-pan. * Apparently he takes a block,' say, of twelve seats, and makes it do for thirteen the first day, and for even more
'
the second.
65
THEOPHRASTUS
eKaaros TTGTTWKe,
4
/cat
d7Tdpx^(^0o.L
.
iXdxi'CrTOv
rfj
'ApTejLttSt
rcbv avvh^LTTVovvrcov
Aoyt'^erai
TLs
TTpcdfievos
<avra),
aTTohoKuxdaai
elvai.
evrjv^
t]
d^avTOS
TO.
8i(f)dv
rd
/cat
eav ri
TTCoXfj,
roaovrov
Kal
aTTohoadat (Lare
XvaLreXelv
rw
7TpLap.lvcp.
OVK dv edaai ovre avKorpayrja at k tov avrov K7]7Tou/ ovre Sia tov avrov dypov TTopevOrjvac,
ovre^ eXaiav
"
r}
(f)olvLKa
dveXeadat.
p.ipai
el
eTTLaKOTreiadai
ocrr]-
10
11
avToi.
heivos
Se
/cat
VTTeprjfjiepLav Trpd^ai
/cat
12
hT)p.6ras
fiLKpa
fjLTjSev
rd
/cpea
Kal
dirpirjre
13 oifjojvdJv
TTpidpLevos
/xT^re
elaeXdeZv
ayopevaai
/AT^re
14
rfj
yvvaiKi
aAa? XPV^^^^'-^^
opiyavov
p-Tire
dAo.?*
on
Kal
rod ivtavrov.
rwv
* Unger ' E, e.g. (introd. p. 21) cf. irepvAr. Bmi. 986: mss (AB and Ambr. Pj ehai or omi * mss also (ncoTroO * old var. diro^. but cf. Ar. Thesm. 48 ^ perhaps <ei /j-rj e(p' iby f-irjoe ; fJ-riS' eav dta tov avrov cf. ' mss also dypov iropevecrdai e(f> (^ fj-rj avKorpayrjar] tis Keifievwv, whence Cob. x'^A"'"''e''''i' (x- unaccented in some Foss ' only M, others ovXds mss XP^""mss)
E,
ffivov
66
CHARACTER X
how many cups each
pany
has drunk, and of
all
the com-
When
one that has struck him a bargain comes to the reckoning with him, he rejects what he has bought him, saying that you can afford anything with other people's money .^ And if a servant of his break a year-old pot or dish he vdll subtract the price of it from his food. Should his wife drop a half-farthing, he is one that -will shift pots, pans, cupboards, and and should he beds, and rummage the curtains have aught for sale, sell it for so great a price that the buyer will make nothing by it. No man may take a fig from his garden, nor pass through his land, and his nor pick up a Mind-fallen olive or date landmarks are visited every day in the year to make sure they remain as they were. This man is given to distraining for a debt and exacting usury upon usury to setting small slices of meat before
'^
'^
his fellow-parishioners
to returning
;
empty-handed
and
to lend a neighbour salt, or a lampwick, or aniseed, or marjoram, or barley-groats, or garlands, or incense, for these little things,' says he come to so much
'
'
in the year.'
In fine
you
may
see the
money-
" The chib must have been an association under the patronage of Artemis, 'ApT(/.ua<rTai, probably for hunting purposes, cf. C.I. A. iv. 2. 1334 b (Holland). i.e. as principal he rejects a bargain struck in his behalf by a subordinate but the reading is uncertain. " Or, search between the floor-boards (of the women's apartment, often upstairs), Studniczka. Or perhaps pass through his land except on condition that he will not pick up dates are the more in point because dates do not ripen well in Greece cf. Xen. An.
*"
'
'
"*
'
'
ii.
3. 15,
'
Paus.
ix. 19. 8.
is
The remainder
67
THEOPHRASTUS
eariv
/cat
ISelv evpcoriioaas /cat ras KXeig ia)[Xvas, avTOvg Se cjiopovvras iXarrcD rcov inqpayv^ ra
/cat
e/c
IfjidrLa,
XrjKvOLCov
puKpcov
ttolvv
dXet,(f)0-
fievovg, /cat iv
XPV
reivofjievovg
<T'r]v>
yrjv,
rovs yvacjiels Stato IfiaTLOV avTols e^et ttoXXtjv tva [jltj pvTTalvrjTai, Ta^vottojs
BAEAYPIAS
Ov
2
lA'
ecTTt
ydp
^SeXvpos
3
yvvai^lv otog a.TTai'Tijaas^ dvaavpapbevos Set^at to at8otov Kat 1^ deoLTpcu KpoTelv OTav OL d'AAot Trauoirrat, /cat GvpiTTeLV ous "qSecos deojpovGLV ol XolttoL- /cat OTav aiojTT'qarj to deaTpov dvaKvipas ipvyeZv, Iva
TOiovTog,
iXevdepaLS
/cat 77X7^rj
77/309
Ta Kdpva
p.fjXa*
rj
Ta
tcov'
<dXXa>
dp,a
tco
dKpohpva^
ttojXovvtl
aT7]Kdjs
TrpoaXaXdjv.
irapovTOJv^
avvT^d-qg
eart.
/cat
6 7re/3t/xetvat
/ceAetJaat.^
(XTTO
/cat
Se jxeydXiqv
SlKTTjV
7 /cat
^
dTTLOVTi
TOU
SiKaGTrjpLOV
iavTco^
TTpoGeXOeiv
avvrjadrjvai.
/cat
oifjcovelv
Kal
^
avXrj-
mss
also /.uKpQv
and
fxerpdv
(fj.erpiwi' ?)
mss
utt.
also
vwodovfievovs
fxvpra
^
(Ambr. P
as
OLKp.
vTrodv/jievos)
some mss
or
(from
vwodecKi'veiv
below)
either includes
all fruit
68
CHARACTERS
XXI
mould and
their
keys in rust, themselves weai'ing coats short of their thighs. You may see them anoint themselves from tiny oil-flasks, go close-shorn, put off their shoes at midday, and charge the fuller to give their coat plenty of earth so that it may stay the longer clean.
XI.
BUFFOONERY
;
It is not hard to define Buffoonery it is a naked and objectionable sportiveness and the Buffoon is one that will lift his shirt in the presence of freeborn women and at the theatre will applaud when
;
house
is
silent, so
look round.
fruits,
You
when the the spectators will find him standing at the time
that he
sell
and eating of them while he talks to the seller. He will call by name one of the company and should with whom he is not well acquainted he see any man in a hurry, is sure to bid him wait. One that has lost a great suit he will accost on his way from court and give him his congratulations. He will do his own marketing and hire flute;
cLKp.
fruit,
to.
oTTihpa,
we must
*
either read
to.
&\\a
also
tt.
Ka.pva to
:
be a gloss
mss
Cas
*
mss
ttoi;
k.
69
THEOPHRASTUS
8 Tct
9 10
11
12
TpiSas fxiadovadai, /cat heiKvveLV Se rol'S aTravrcjai d}ipcov7]ijLeva Kal TTapaKaXeiv 'Ettc ravra,^ /cat SLrjyeladaL vpoaaras^ rrpos KovpeZov r) pLvpoirajXiGV on pLedvoKeaOai jxlXXet.^ /cat e'^ opviOoaKOTTOV rrjs fiViTpos elaeXdoTJUTj's* f^XaacJirjiJirjaaf Kal ev^opeviDV /cat GTTevSovTcov eK^aXelv' to TTorrjpiov /cat yeAaaat ujaTTep darrelov rt TreTTOLrjKcos' /cat auAou/Ltevos' Se Kporelv rats X^P^'' t^ovos tojv aXXojv, /cat ctui/reperLt,LV Kal ImrLixdv rfj avXrjTpLbi otl ovtco Ta^i) TTavaaiTO^ Kal d-noTrrv (yai, Se ^ovX6jj,evos,
'
AKAIPIAS
*H
IB'
2 3
4
5
6
7
fiev ovv a/catpta ianv aTTorev^is </catpou>* XvTTOVcra Toug ivTuyxaLVOvrag , 6 Se a/catpos" rotouTrpoaeXdajv at'aoto? TO? Ttj, da)(oXovixva) KOLVovadaf Kal irpog ttjv avrov ipojjJievTqv kcopid^etv TTvpirrovuav Kal hiKiqv (x)(f)XrjK6Ta iyyvrjs TTpoaeXddw /ceAeucrat avrov dvahe^aaOaf Kal [xapTvp-^aojv TiapeZvaL rod rrpdyparos tJSt] KeKpipLevov /cat kkX'i]ixvos els ydpovs rod yvvaLKeiov yevovg KarrjyopeZv Kal e/c paKpd? ohov rfKovras^ dpri TiapaKaXeZv et? TrepLTrarov. Set^os Se Kat Trpocr^
the use of raGra rather than avrd suggests his actual words,
:
Xav. SaTra, cf. Xen. Cv/r. iv. 2. 37, Plat. ^ Fraenkel-Groeneboom mss Trpoa-rds Phaedr. 247 b ^ here follows, in all mss but V, xxx. 5 Kal oiVoTrojXaj' 16 Xa^wcn most editors transfer hither from xix. the following * mss 17 fF. passage for early misplacements see introd. pp. Bernard, ^ Cas: mss ifxfi. ei'j (V ets e'l) opv. and e|eX^. ' Eberhard: V t'l c/. Lys. 24. 18: mss ws repacTTLov tl ov raxv travaairo, others fir] rax^ Travffafiivrj (emendation of * mss * Schn: mss iwlrev^i^ (M ivr.) mutilated text)
cf.ravT-qv xx\\i.fi)i.
:
also -ra
70
CHARACTERS XIXII
players himself he will show his friends the good things he has bought, and invite them then and there to come and eat this with me and will stand beside the shop of the barber or the perfumer, and tell the world that he is about to get drunk. He will use words of ill-omen when his mother returns from " the diviner's and while the companyis at their prayers and libations, will drop the cup
;
' '
and laugh as if he had done something clever. When he is listening to the fluteplayer he will be the only man present to beat time, and will whistle the air, and chide the girl for stopping so soon. And when he would spit something out, he spits it across the
table at the butler.
XII.
TACTLESSNESS
is
Now
Tactlessness
and your Tactless man he that will accost a busy friend and ask his advice, or serenade his sweetheart when she is sick of a fever. He will go up to one that has gone bail and lost it, and pray him be his surety and will come to bear witness after the verdict is given. Should you bid him to a wedding, he will inveigh against womankind. Should you be but now returned from a long journey, he will invite you to a walk. He is given to bringing you one that
**
Or is gone out to. Really to guarantee the correctness of his evidence when read by the clerk it would have been taken at the preliminary proceedings (Nav.).
"
^
;
71
THEOPHRASTUS
9
dyetv (hvqrrjv
OLKTjKooTas
rrXeico
/cat
hihovra
rjoT]
TreTrpaKOTL-
/cat
fxeixaOr^KOTas
/cat
dvLaraadai
i$
10
dpxT]? StSa^o/y/
7Tpo9vix(vs^ 8e 7n[JLXr]d7JvaL
d
11
fjiT)
eiiraodai.
12 TO/COP'
Kat
ort,
fxaaTLyovixevou
/cat
OLKerov
Trat?
TTapearws
13
hirjyeladai
avrov
7tot
14
Kat Trapcov Xa^d)V aTrrjy^aTO. avyKpoveiv d[X(f)OTepCDV ^ovXajJ-evcov StaSiairr] XveadaL. Kal opxTjaofievos* dipaadai, erepov pLt]ovTOjg
rrXriyds
SeTTOJ jxedvovTOs-
nEPiEPriAs
'A/Me'Aet
7]
ir'
eti'at
TTepiepyia
So^et
TrpoaTToirjoi's
euvotas",
Se
irepL-
4
5
6
7
eTTayyeXXeaOai dvaards d ^17 Sut'T^creTat /cat ojjLoXoyovjxevov rod Trpay/xaTO? 8t/catou et^at ivl rtvi ivards^ iXeyxOrjvai. Kat TrXeioj^ Se irravayKaaaL rov TratSa Kepdoai Kat Scetp-^ ocra Suv'ai'Tat ot rrapovres eKmeiv. yeiv Tovs fxaxopLevovs /cat ovs ov yivcLoKei.. Kat etra drpaTTOV rjyqaaaOaL ttjv oSov KaraXnTchv , TTopevrjrai.^ /cat evpelv rov hvvacrdai }xrj fj
epyos TOLOVTOS
tls,
olog
Cor
mss
*
^
-(TKajj/
Blaydes
p.
b.
ll
K.
Cas
mss
-dfj^vos
'
(Trds
sc.
{KaTaXiweiv c after
^ introd. mss -/uos E: mss ei-oras, er rivi all mss but M omit r-qv
only
-erai:
mss
^s for ovs
above)
" A comparison of the uses of a/j^Xei by Plato, Xenophon, and the Comic poets shows that it introduces or
72
CHARACTERS XIIXIII
will
is
struck
and
to rising from his seat to tell a tale all afresh to such as have heard it before and know it well. He is
forward to undertake for you what you would not have done but cannot well decline. If you are sacrificing and put to great expense, that is the day he chooses At the flogging of to come and demand his usury. your servant he will stand by and tell how a boy of his hanged himself after just such a flogging as this at an arbitration he will set the parties by the ears when both wish to be reconciled; and when he would dance, lay hold of another who is not yet drunk.
;
XIII.
OFFICIOUSNESS
Officiousness, of course,*^ will seem to be a wellmeaning over-assumption of responsibility in word or deed and the Officious man one that is like to stand up ^ and promise to contribute what is beyond his means and to object to some one particular of a matter on all hands admitted just, and be refuted. He will make his butler mingle more wine than the company can drink up will part any that fight together even though he know them not will leave the high-road to show you a footpath and then
;
reinforces a reply or virtual reply, with some such meaning as ' Never fear,' ' Oh that's all ri^ht,' cf. Modern Greek ivvoLa (rod; in Luc. and [Arist.] it varies between 'for instance and at any rate ' {cf. ^ovv) ; in T. the suppressed question is What is Officiousness, etc. ? At the beginning of a Char, it suggests I can easily answer ' that,'' cf. xi. in'tt. It is not hard to define Buffoonery and ; later in a piece it repeats the same idea ; the notion that it means and moreover,' except perhaps in late writers, is a ^ Probably in the Assembly, mistake. cf. xxii. 5.
' ' ' ' ' ' '
73
THEOPHRASTUS
arparr^yov npoareXdcbv epojTrjcrat ttotc jue'AAet TTapardrTeadaL, /cat tl fxera rrjV avpiov TrapayyeAet/ Km TrpoaeXdow toj Trarpl eiTrelv ort rj rjS-q KaOevhei iv rep Sco/xaria*. /cat IXTjTTjp aTTayopevovTog rod Larpov ottojs" p-r] hcoaei olvov
ro)
p.aXaKit,opVO),^
c^irjoag
fjorjXeaOai
StaTreipdv
10
11
Sovvat <Kal> dvarpoTTLaat^ rov KaKuJS )(ovra.* Kal yvvaiKog Se reXevr-qadarjs iiriypanjjai eTrt ro p,vi]p,a rov re avSpos avrrjs Kal rov Trarpos /cat rrjs [xrjrpos Kai avrT]s rrjs yvvaiKos rovvop,a /cat TToSaTTT] eon, KaL TTpoaeTTiypdifjat on Ourot rrdvreg )(^pr]orol rjoav. Kal opvuvat peXXcov eiTrelv Trpos rovs TTepieGrrjKorag on Kat rrporepov TroXXdKis
opLcopiOKa.
ANAIS0HSIAS
lA'
4 5
"Eart 8e /cat r) dvaiad-qoia, cLg opo) eLTrelv, ^pahvTTjs '/"-'X'^S' ^^ Aoyot? /cat Trpd^eaiv, 6 Se dvaiadrjros roLOurog ng, otos XoyLadp,evos rats ifjT](f}Oig Kal Ke(f)dXaLov TTOirjaas epcordv rov TrapaKad'qpevov Tt yiverai; /cat diKTjv (jievyojv Kal ravrrjv eicnevai pceXXajv eTTiXaOopevog els aypov TTopeveadat, Kat, deojpojv ev rw Oedrpcp p.6vo<5 Ka.raXeLTTeudaL KaOevhojv. Kal iroXXd (f)ayu)v rrjs WKros^ eirl OdKov dviuraoOaL^ </cat eTravLcov vvard^ai koI rrjv dvpav aAAoyvo7^cras'>' vvo
^
^ mss also ^ most mss wapayyeWei E, cf. TpoTTL^w mss /3oi'\'eiJ)c(r(?ai otaTreipav
:
KaWwiri^oiJ.evu}
\afj.^aveiv (cf.
euTpeTria-at
*
mss add
Kal
also
(ttI
mss
Dem.
lix.
34-
(Tpoj)
E e.q.
'
cf.
(introd. p. 21)
74
"
way.
He
is
the
man
when he means
what his orders " will be for the day after to-morrow and to his father and says that his mother is by this
time asleep in their chamber.
is
When
a sick person
by the physician, he says that he'll make an experiment, and giving it him puts the
forbid wine
He
will inscribe
on
woman's tombstone the names of her husband and both her parents as well as her own name and birthplace, adding All these were worthy people.' And when he goes to take his oath he remarks to the bystanders This is by no means the first oath I
'
'
have taken.'
XIV.
STUPIDITY
Stupidity, to define it, is a slowness of mind in word and deed and the Stupid man he, that after he has cast up an account, will ask one that sits by what it comes to when a summons has been taken against him, forgets about it and goes out to his farm on the very day he is to appear when he goes to the play is left at the end fast asleep in an empty
;
; ;
house.
he has to get he returns only half awake, and missing the right door is bitten by his neighbour's
after a hearty supper
When
up
in the night,
"
"
i.
8.
15
f.
(Nav.).
75
THEOPHRASTUS
6
Kvvos
/cat
TTJg
evpelv.
Kal Xa^ujv ri} Kal jjLr] SvvaaOat Kal aTrayyeXXovTos tlvo avrcp on rereSrjxOfjvat.
l,rjTLv
Tov yeirovos
XevTr]Ke
avrou tow
<J)lXojv,
tva Trapayev-qrai.,
10
il
11
UKvOpcoTTaaas Kal SaKpvaag etVetv 'Ayadfj rv^Jj' SeLvos Se Kal dTToXajj-^dvcov dpyvptov 6(f)LX6iJLevov fxaprvpag TrapaXa^elv /cat p^et/xtuvos' ovtos p-d-X^' CT^at TO) TTatSt OTt CLKvov? ovK "qyopaoev Kal rd TTathia^ TTaXaUiv dvayKdi,wv Kal Tpoxdl,eiv etV /coKal ev dypoj avrols (^aKrjv eifjcvv 770US" ip^dXXeLV.^ St? aAas" et? Tr]v ^^J-pav ep.^aXdjv d^pojTOV TTOtrjcraL' Kal vovTog TOV Atoj eLTrelv 'Hu ye rdJv darpcov o^et, ore hrj ol d'AAot Xeyovat rrjg yrjg*' Kal Xeyovro^
TLVos riocrous- otet
0at' veKpovg; Tzpos
13
Kara rag lepdg TTvXas e^evrjvexrovrov elTreZv "Ooot ep.ol Kal aol
yevoivTO.
AY0AAEIAE
'H Se
2
IE'
Aoyot?/
a!3^aSeta
ecmv
aTT'qveia opLiXcag ev
tls,
3
4 5
Ylpdyp-ard /xot p.rj Trapeze' Kal Trpoaayopevdeig p.r] avrLTTpoGefneZv /cat TTOjAoip' Tt pLT] Xlyeiv ToZ's (LvovpievoLs TToaov dv aTToSotTO, aAA' epatrdv tl evpiaKei- /cat rot? TipLcoGL Kal TTepLTTovoLV els rds eoprds elireZv otl OVK dv yevoiTo ScSopLeva.^ Kal ovk ex^iv^ avyTTOV
Se Setva
avddSrjg
tolovtos
olog
epojrr^dels
'0
eariv;
elireZv
only in
cf,
M and Arabr.
3,
E and
yijs
(gloss,
*
6^L
xix. Cor., 6t
OTt
XX.
5)
Jebb,
Trjs
^ rass add eavrov rass also kottov e.u^aXelv Schw: mss vofili^ei (corr. of
and rriaa'Tjs (Trr](ray]s} mss 677 /cai oi, 5?; (cai, Stj * mss also i^evexOrj^ai ^ </cot Trpd^eaivy Herw. ot ' 'CTpoiKa Td> 5t5. Nav. * mss ex'^''
voj'et?)
:
76
CHARACTERS XIV XV
dog." If he receive a gift and put it away with his own hands, he cannot find it when he seeks it. If he be told of a friend's death so that he may come to the house, ^ his face falls, tears come to his eyes, and he says Good luck to him He is given to calling witnesses to the repayment of money he has lent to quarrelling with his man for not buying cucumbers in the winter to making his children wrestle and run till they are tired out. When he boils his men's lentil-broth at the farm, he puts salt in the pot twice over and makes it uneatable. When it rains he remarks What a sweet smell from the sky whereas others say from the ground.' And when you ask him How many funerals do you think have passed the Sacred Gate ? he replies I only wish you and I had so many.'
' '
!
'
'
'
'
'
'
XV. SURLINESS
Surliness is a harshness of behaviour in words and the Surly man, when you ask him Where is soand-so ? is like to reply Don't bother me and is often mum when you wish him good-day. If he be selling to you, he will ask what you will give,'' instead of naming his price. Any that give him ^ complimentary gifts at feast-tide are told that they don't do that for nothing and there is no pardon for
;
' ' ' '
"
^ "
Emendation doubtful.
For the ceremonial wpodeais or laying-out. * Not necessarily send. Lit. what it is worth (to you).
77
THEOPHRASTUS
yva)jxr]v
'
ovre rco arTojaavTi avTov aKovatcos ovre rep ovre rcb efx^avri.
eLoeveyKelv
(j)epojv
/cat
(J)lX(i)
apaavTC-
Se
epavov
Solt],
KeXevoavn
varepov
8 9
elTTUJV
on ovk
on,
av
rjKCLV
kol
Xeyetv
OLTToXXvai
/cat
TrpoaTrraiaas
XiSco.
/cat
rij
Seivos
Karapduaadai
VTroixetvat"
rco
di^a-
10
OVK av
ttoXvp
etTrelv
/cat
)(p6vov
ovdeva'
ovre op'XjjaaadaL
rots
Scots'
firj
11
av
SeLvos
eTTevx^crdat.*
AEISIAAIMONIAS
'A^e'Aet
iTts'^
rj
ig'
elvai
SetatSat/xoi'ta So^ecev av
SeiAta
ns,
ro
:/cat
OLOS
/cat
eiT
KweaKpovvov^
ovrco
rrjv
aTTOviipapievos
ra?
Xetpas
arofia
rr^v
Xa^cov,
rjnepav
Trepnrarelv.
p.r]
rrporepov
Groeneboom,
*
(StraJTt
deXrjffat.
XapaKT7]pii}f
Sen. Ben. vi. 9. 1 {lirihaavTi sugg. E): mss ^ E: mss r]0t\rj(r{i'), mss vwofietvai * some mss add riXos twv tov Qeo<ppd(rrov dXX' ^utlv, & Qe6(j)pacne, xaXeTroi' Kadapovs
cf.
Twv TOLOVTuv
d^effTTjKoras.
Kal TTjs iv TovTOis KaKias oXws iravTa SoKo'nq tls elvai kukSs, rois yovu TfXeioai rod x<>P^ '^^'' ".piaTccf iiiwarai. 7) to'lvvv ctol 7rei6o/xvovs ij/jLas ras airdvTWP oi^eis c^vKdma 6 ai Se7, rj Koivuvovvras Kai Xcryuv
IdeTv
iv
T(j3
piu)
ei pltj
yap
to.
dX\'
oi'TUj
(mss
yvd>/j.-r]v (mss also ixvqf.i.rjv^ fiL/MeiaOai. KaKias (cr/xos Kal dper^i dWorpicocns eTrerai, e/ceicws Tavrrj -vovs) 5e 17 fucavOpwrrla Kal to tov Tifj.covos eyKXijfxa.
fxev
78
CHARACTERS XVXVI
such as unwittingly thrust him aside, bespatter him," or tread on his toe. When a friend asks him the help of a subscription, it is certain he will first say he won't give it, and thereafter bring it saying Here's more good money gone He is prone, also, to curse the stone he stumbles over in the road. He will not abide to be kept long waiting he always refuses to sing, recite, or dance .^ He is apt, also, not to pray to the Gods.''
' ' !
XVI.
SUPERSTITIOUSNESS
Superstitiousness, I need hardly say, v/ould seem to be a sort of cowardice with respect to the divine ^ ; and your Superstitious man such as will not sally
forth for the day till he have washed his hands and sprinkled himself at the Nine Springs,* and put a bit of bay-leaf from a temple in his mouth. And if a cat cross his path, he will not proceed on his way
"
"
(in
a crowd).
ixi)
as a
Gods
(c/. 1).
Or
spiritual.
Or
at three springs.
eKar^pwdev 6\i(r0os
iS"'.
Title in
V:
E, c/.lsocr. Antid. ^2m or iwi y KpowQv, cf. xxviii. 4- and Men. Phasm. 55 for evi rather eTnxpuvrjv (others omit), corruption of than d7r6 see 12: fV' 6' KpTjvQfffrom ew' 6' Kpovvov, or of eirl y' KpovvCov; for con* comma E (so Nav.) fusion of 7} and w cf. d\(pirT]v below
deiffidaipiovlas
'
:
only
x''-P^'^'''VP
dd(pvr]s partit.
gen.
-vr]v
Pauw: mss
irepid.,
wapaS.
79
THEOPHRASTUS
TTopevOrjvaL
ectj?
Sie^eXdr} rt?
rj
T-qg
o8ov Sta^aAr^/
iv ttj olklo.,
'I
10
eav <piv> TTapeiav, Ha^d^tov' KaXelv, iav Se lepov, evravOa rjptpov evdvg^ iBpvaaaOat. Kal raJv Xnrapcov Xidcxiv rcov iv rat? rptoSots" Trapttot' eV tt^? X'QKvdov eXaiov Kara^^^v Kal irrl yovara Treaojv Kal TTpoaKVviqaas aTraXXdrreadai. Kal idv p,vg OvXaKov dX(f)ira)v* hiacjidyrj, Trpos rov i^iqy7]Tr]v iXdojv epcordv ri xpr] TTOielv, Kal eav aTTOKpLvqraL avrco eKSovvat TO) GKvroSeifjr] iirippdifjai, jxr] Trpoaex^t'V TOVTOis dXX' d'TTOTpoTTaioi's^ CKXvaaadaL. Kal TTVKvd Se TTjv OLKiav Kaddpai^ heivog 'EKdrrjg (f)daKa>v eTrayajyrjv yeyovevaf Kav yXavKeg ^aSt^ovTOs avTOV < dvaKpdy a)ai > i' rapdrreaOai Kal Kal ovre eiTra? 'Adr]vd KpeirTcov TrapeXdelv ovrco. eTTL^rjvaL fivqfiari ovt* inl veKpov ovr irrl Ae;^a> iXdelv ideXrjaai, dXXd to firj pnaiveadai avpi<jipov avro) (firjaaL eivaL. /cat rat? rerpaoL 8e /cat rat? e^SSo/xctCTt* TOJv rjjxepdjv^ Trpoard^as oivov eipcLV rot?
evSov,
i^eXOcov
dyopdaai
e'iacj
pivpaivas,
Xt^avajrov,
TTiVa/ca,^"
Kal elaeXdcov
<8LareXeaat,
emdvajv
;
* ^ Sylb lafiddiov, but cf. xxvii. 8 mss -Xd/Sr; ' Dub 'upi^ov (from others omit iav nap. eav de * dX^iTrjv, above) ei;^. others omit (introd. p. 28) * Wytt: mss --rrels Kaddpai, others cf. p. 79 n. 7 ' Foss, or <Ka(K)1 KadapieTv cf. Men. 534. Kaj3iiW(ny /3a5. avr. (Cob. kukk. irapiovTos), Ar. Lys. 760 ^"1' ^ Im. -/iais: ^ irifxepCov (without tC)v), others ^^ XifiavuTov Foss -wtujv, others omit edeXijaai omit for wlvaKes or iri.vaKia (which might be read here) 7]fiipav with myrtle and taenia (/. Boetticher, Baumcultus fig. 2 it is a serious objection to Foss's Tronava {cf. Men. 129 K, Sch. Ar. Pint. 1126) that these would be made at home, cf. Ar. Ran. 507
:
"
E M V
:
:
80
CHARACTER XVI
be gone by, or he have cast three Should he espy a snake in his house, if it be one of the red sort he will call upon Sabazius, if of the sacred, build a shrine then and there. When he passes one of the smooth stones set up at crossroads he anoints it with oil from his flask, and will not go his ways till he have knelt down and worshipped it." If a mouse gnaw a bag of his meal, he will off to the wizard's ^ and ask what he must do, and if the answer be send it to the cobbler's to be patched,' he neglects the advice and frees himself of the ill by rites of aversion. He is for ever purifying his house on the plea that Hecate has been drawn thither.'' Should owls hoot when he is abroad, he is much put about, and will not on his way till he have cried Athena forfend Set foot on a tomb he will not, nor come nigh a dead body nor a woman in childbed he must keep himself unpolluted. On the fourth ^ and seventh days of every month he has wine mulled for his household, and goes out to buy myrtle-boughs, frankincense, and a holy picture,^ and then returning spends the livelong day doing sacrifice to the
till
someone
else
'
'
'
"
<
" Or the (official) diviner's. Cf. Diog. L. vi. 37. Cf. Hesych. wTrwr/ype, Diog. L. vi. 74. Cf. Ath. xiv. 659 d = Men. i39i? K, 320 K.
"
the -Ith was Hermes' day, the 7th Apollo's, cf. Sch. Ar. Plut. 1126, but Apollo does not seem in point {see below), so Im. compares Hes. Op. 797. f Or holy pictures (of the Hermaphrodites ? hung on the
lessly, cf.
;
(pdivovros,
which Im.
inserts,
need-
myrtle-boughs).
81
THEOPHRASTUS
11
12
tovs 'FipfxacfipoSLTOVS oXiqv tyjv Kai orav ivvTTviov iSt^, TTopeveudai irpos TOVS oveipoKpiras, Trpos tovs /JidvTets, rrpos tovs opvidooKOTTovs, epajTiqacov tlvl decov r) de(f TTpoaSet.' /cat TeXeadrjaopuevos Trpos tovs evx^crdoLiOp(f>eoTXeaTas /caro. prjva TTopeveadai, /xera Trjs yvvaiKos, iav 8e p,r] a^oXd^r] r) yvvq, peTO. ttjs
/cat>^
aT(f)avcov
rqixepav.
13
/cat rcDi'
TrepippaLvopeucov
14 CTTt
daXaTTTjs eTTipeXcbs* So^eiev dv elvai. /cdV Trore iiTLBrj GKopoScp iaTeppevTjv <TLvd tcDv 'E/caTajv'> TcDv CTTi rat? Tpiohots, aTreA^cuv* /cara K(f)aXrjs
Xovaaadai
7}
/cat
lepelas
MEMTIM0IPIA2
"Ecrrt
IZ'
tls''
Se
tJ
pepipipoLpia
7Ti.TLpr]GLs
irapd
TO irpoarJKov twv SeSopevojv, 6 Se pepijjipoipos TOioaSe TLS, otos diroaTeiXavTOS pLcpiha tov ^iXov elrrelv Trpos tov (f)epovTa ^^(f)66vrjads pot tov t^ojpov /cat TOV olvapiov ovk eVt ScIttvov KaXeaas. Kal VTTO TTJs eTatpas KaTa^iXovpevos eLveXv Qavpdl,oj et av KaL avo Trjs 4'^XV^ ovtoj pe ^tAetj. /cat to*
* dedu? Diels sugg. ^eiDf ^ Diels-' (introd. p. 22) 3 * ^ Oveiv <fjy e&'x- oel cf. Men. P^. 32, 325. : 10 K, Heracl. Pont. ap. Diog. L. ii. 133 iartupAvuv (for w for 77 c/. eirixp^^'V" above, 2 n. 7, and * direXOovTuv corrected from einXdovivicrKfifai xxix. 3) Twv others, omitting kclv tuv, Kal iirl toi$ rp. direXOH'i'
'
only in
82
CHARACTERS XVIXVII
Hermaphrodites and putting garlands about them." He never has a dream but he flies to a diviner, or a soothsayer, or an interpreter of visions, to ask what God or Goddess he should appease and when he is about to be initiated into the holy orders of Orpheus, he visits the priests every month and his wife with him, or if she have not the time, the nurse and children. He would seem to be one of those who are for ever going * to the seaside to and if ever he see one of besprinkle themselves the figures of Hecate at the crossroads wi*eathed with garlic," he is off home to wash his head and summon priestesses whom he bids purify him with the carrying around him of a squill or a puppy-dog. If he catch sight of a madman or an epilept, he shudders and spits in his bosom.
;
'^^
XVII.
QUERULOUSNESS
;
Grumbling or Querulousness is an undue complaining of one's lot and the Grumbler will say to him that brings him a portion from his friend's table ^ You begrudged me your soup and your swipes, or you would have asked me to dine with you.' f When his mistress is kissing him, I wonder,' says he, whether you kiss me thus warmly from
'
'
'
Text uncertain, but cf. Men. Georg. 8 and 326 K. Instead of on occasions like the Great Mj'steries the trait is perhaps interpolated, cf. vi. 7.
''
but
'
'
Reading uncertain.
'^
To
avert the
ill.
an animal you either bid your friends to eat of it with you or sent them portions of the meat only, cf. Men. Sam. 191.
sacrificed
f
When you
He
83
THEOPHRASTUS
Att
5
dyavaKTeiv
/cat
ov
Stort
rC^
ovx
iv
rfj
vei^
6ha>
aAAo.
Stori
varepov.
TrpiafjLevos
evpwv
fiaXXdvTiov
6 eiTreiv
AAA' ov drjaavpov evprjKa ovSevrore. /cat avSpdnohov d^Lov /cat TToAAa Se-qOelg rod
(.lireZvy
ttcjjXovvtos Qavfjid^co,
7
on
ecovquat.'
/cat
crot yeyot'ei^
8
etVetv ort
aTreCTTT]?/
"Av
TrpoaOfjg /cat
epeZs.
t';^?
ovaias
Slktjv
TO
rjpLGV
dXrjdfj
/cat
Aa^cuf Trdaas rds" ipi](f>ovs ey/caAetr to) ypai/javTL rdv Xoyov d>g rroXXd TrapaXeXoLTTort rcov hiKaicov. /cat ipdvov LaV)(dVTOs Trapd rajv (f)LXcDV Kal (^iqaavTO? nvos 'IXapo? 'iadt, Kat rrajg; eiTTett', ore^ Set rdpyvpiov dirohovvaL eKdaro) Kal XOJpls rovrojv X^P'-^ o^etAett" co? evepyer-q/xevov ;
VLK-qcras*
AniSTIAS
"EffTtv'
2
IH'
VTroXTjipig
dp,eXL
7]
dTTLaria
rig
dSt/cta?
/card
Trdvroiv,
8e
aTnarog roiovTog
oipcov^aovra
rt?,
oto?
erepov TratSa Kat 7TL7TejX7TeiV^ TOV TTVaop.eVOV TTOGOV eTTptaTO. avTos TO dpyvpLov /cat /card ardbiov (f)piv''
dTTOdTeiXas rov TratSa
Kadil,cjv
Trjv
dpidixelv
iroaov
iarL.
/cat
rrjv
yvvoLKa
tt^v
el
/ce/cAet/ce
Ki^ojTov,
5
d
^
/xo;^Ads'
et? ovx
*
auAeiai^^" ip^e^XiqraL-
/cat
01)
di^
5iort
M
ktX.
0.7.
OTL
Cei
V
in
aWa
:
d.
v.
others
aTrearrj,
ti Kal, Kal,
(or ^aWavrioTi
* Im: marg. arch. * Cas &wffTLv mss vIkt^v v. mss add * Cas: mss otl; cf. Ar. Nuh. 716 ' Cor others ire/xTr. mss. -we
below),
i.e.
V
Kal,
but
* *
cf. xxii.
others 9
only M: wktos
ffvyKadfiidwv
mss
kuXioi/x'ov,
/coiXioyx""'
^y/ja;' tt)v olvX.
^^
''"^
av\aia, cf.
Men. 564
others
et's
ttj;/
84
CHARACTERS XVIIXVIII
your heart.' He is displeased with Zeus not because he sends no rain, but because he has been so long about sending it. When he finds a purse in the Ah but I never found a treasure.' street, it is When he has bought a servant cheap with much if I wonder,' cries he, importuning the seller, my bargain's too cheap to be good.' When they bring him the good news that he has a son born to If you add that I have lost half my him,'' then it is Should this man fortune, you'll speak the truth.' win a suit-at-law by a unanimous verdict, he is sure to find fault with his speech-writer* for omitting so many of the pleas. And if a subscription have been made him among his friends, and one of them say You may cheer up noAv,' What ? he to him when I must repay each man his share will say, and be beholden to him to boot ?
' ! '
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
XVIII.
DISTRUSTFULNESS
It goes without saying that Distrustfulness is a presumption of dishonesty against all mankind and the Distrustful man is he that will send one servant off to market and then another to learn what price and sit and will carry his own mone}^ he paid down every furlong to count it over. When he is abed he will ask his wife if the coifer be locked and the cupboard sealed and the house-door bolted, and
;
'^
<
*
"
Cf. Men. Ep. 316. Litigants read speeches written for them Instead of intrusting it to his lackey.
by their counsel.
85
THEOPHRASTUS
rJTTOv avros dvaoTa^ ck rcbv yvfxvos Koi dvvTToSrjros^ rov Xvxvov dijjas ravra Trdvra TrepiSpafjicbv eTnaKeifjaudai, /cat ovTCO iioXl's vttvov Tvy)(dvLv. Kal Tovs 6(f)eiXovTas
eKCLvrj
(f)7J,
fjirjSev
arpajfiarcov
dpyvpiov pberd fjiaprvpcov drranelv rovg avTCx) TOKOvs, OTTCO? pirj SvvatVTO^ e^apvoi yeviaOai. Kal TO LfxdTiov Se KSovvac Setvos, ovx os ^eXTiara epydaerai,^ aAA' oi) dv* 7y d'^to? iyyvrjrrjg. Kal orav riKTj rig alr-qaofxevog eKTrcop^ara, fidXiara jxev Sovvai, dv S' dpa rig OLKeiog ^ Kal dvayKaios, fjirj fxovov ov TTvpcocras^ Kal (mjaag Kal cr;^e8ov iyyvrjT'qv Kal top TraiSa Se dKoXovdovvra Xa^d)V p^pTycrat. KeXeveiv avrov OTTiodev fxr) ^ahit,eLV dXX ep^irpoadev, Kal Lva (f)vXdTrrjraL avro) pLTj iv rfj oSoJ dTToSpa. ToTs lXr]^6(7L TL Trap' avrov Kal Xiyovai Tloaov, Karddov,^ ov yap axoXd^oj ttcj TrefXTTeiv, <L7relv>'' ^IrjSev TTpayfiarevov iyd) yap <COs>^ dv ai) cr)(oXdarjs, avvaKoXov6T]aa).
AYSXEPEIAS
19'
"Eart Se rj Svcrx^peia ddepaTrevaia cd}p.aros Xv^Tjs TTapacTKevaoTLKrj, 6 Se Svcrx^prjs roiovros TLS, oto? XeTTpav exoiv Kal dX(j)ov Kal rovg ovvxcis
fjLeydXovg TTepiTTarelv, /cat
cruyyei^t/ca
^
cf)rJGat
appaiGrrjpiara' ex^i'V
others
7.
*
so
ck
t. trrp.
marg. arch.)
Ar.
Cos * *
Jebb
5vv(avTai
2.
*
Pax
:
^.
ipyafferai
(V
epyaarfTai.)
'
Meno
(nee
91
mss d
E mss
or
Foss
*
ovofi
ivTinruxras
Uoaov
Karddov
^
Cas.
:
Madv.
opp.)
Meier
mss
-rbv
86
XIX. NASTINESS
Nastiness is a neglect of the person which is painful to others ; and your Nasty fellow such as will walk the town with the scall and the scab upon him and with bad nails,^ and boast that these ailinstead of sending a slave. scratch his name on them ; contrast Arcesi" (pvXdTTrjrai passive. laus, Diog. L. iv. 38. * Sc. fi's (Bi^Xiov, cf. Dem. 1401. 19 ; or perhaps put down how much (I owe you). * Or, keeping text, if it is convenient to you, I will accom^ Lit. great nails, i.e. from gout. pany you home.
"
I.e.
''
Or perhaps
87
THEOPHRASTUS
TTarepa
3
Kal
els
avrcbv^
Seti'os'
Koi eXK-q ^X^^^ ^^ rots avTLKvrjixLOis TTpoaTTTaLGjxara ev rols haKrvXois , /cat ravra^
depaTTevaai aAA' idaat drjpLcodrjvaf cr)(dXas 8e dripuhheis Kal Saaelas
/cat
ras
oixpt-
p-a.-
^x^i-v
ctti
/xe'Aat'as'
/cat
eadiopivovs.^ /cat rd roiavra' iadiojv aTTopvTreadac Ovtov dp" dSa^dadat*' TrpoaXaXcov arroppLTTTetv 0,770
:>
6
7
dvaTTOvnrros eV rot? Ip^daC' pera rfjs yvvatKos^ KOipdadaf iXaiw aaTrpco eV ^aXavetqj ;^pto/i.ev'os' Kal ;^tTajvio-/cor Traxvv Kal Ipdriov (f)9v^adai^
dva^aXopevos^
dyopdv
e^eXdelv.^"
AHAIAS
"Karl, Se
r)
K'
TrepiXa^elv,^^ evrev^is
d-qSta, a>?
dpw
XvTTTjs TTOirjrtKrj
2 3 4
dvev ^Xd^-qs, d 8e d-qS-qs roiouros ns, olos eyeipeiv dpri KadevSovra elaeXddtv, Iva avro) avXXaXfj^^' Kal dvdyeadai rjSr]^^ peXXovras KOiXveiv Kal irpoaeXdovroiv heladat eTnaxeLv ews dv
1
Meist
-t6v
elvai
V omits
d^jS^s
*
'
mss
:
dvffevTevKTOS
^
Kal
ev r.
Diels
V
and
Ovojv
d/xa
8'
and then
cf.
Badh
e^a/S.
E,
xxi. 8 n.
Ath. 469 a and Petron. ^4-: V dvairlvTovTo^ iv r. crrpihixacn, * mss insert avrov, i.e. KoifidaOai others omit dvair. ^ E, avToO, a gloss, cf. xiv. 10 V xpt^M^os cf. i-mcpdv^w * <^/xo ff(pv^a6at, others xP'-^'^^^'-i XP^<''^'"> XP^c^"-'- only i" * Jebb 4>opetvy ? mss dva^aW. the remainder is ^^ V rightly transferred by most editors to Char. xi. ^'^ ^^ Schn Xa^du so others XaX^ mss 5?;
.
88
CHARACTERS XIX XX
ments are hereditary his father and his grandfather had them before him and 'tis no easy matter to be foisted into his family. He is hke also, I warrant you, to have gatherings on his shins and sores on his toes, and seek no remedy, but rather let them grow rank. He will keep himself as shaggy as a beast, with hair well-nigh all over his body, and his teeth all black and rotten." These also are marks of the man to blow his nose at table ^ to bite his nails " when he is sacrificing with you to spit from his mouth when he is talking with you when he has drunken with you, to hiccup in your face. He will go to bed with his wife with hands unwashed*^ and his shoes on; spit on himself at the baths when his oil is rancid " and go forth to the market-place clad in a thick shirt and a very thin coat, and this covered with stains.'''
;
:
XX. ILL-BREEDING
111 - breeding, if Ave may define it, is a sort of behaviour which gives pain Avithout harm and the Ill-bred man is one that will awake you to talk with him when you are but now fallen asleep hinder you when you are this moment about to set forth on a journey and when you come to speak to him, beg
; ; ;
"
*
Cf. Alciphr.
ii.
25
(iii.
28).
"
after supper, cf. Ar. Eccl. 419 ; they used no spoons or forks. " And therefore thickened, so as to require supplementing. ^ Or perhaps wear a thick shirt with a very thin coat, and go forth into the market-place in a coat covered with stains.
Or
scratch himself.
89
THEOPHRASTUS
b ^-qixaricrrj^'
<i
10
koL to Traihtov ri]s rirdrjg d(f)X6{jt,evos, aiTit,eiv /cat avros, V7TOKopit,ea6aL TTOTTTrV^CDV Kal TTaVOVpyq/jLaTLOV^ TOV TTaLTTTTOV KoXcov. /cat eadicov^ he a/xa hL-qyeladaL <Ls e'AAe^opov TTicbv avco /cat /caroj Kadapdei-q, Kal ^oj/xou TOV iTapaKeLjj.4vov ev toIs vnoxcop-qixaaLv avTco [xeXavTepa <eiiq> rj X^^V'^'^^ epcoTrjaat he heivog evavTLOv tojv oiKeTchv* EtVe <ixoi,, d)> ^a/Lt/x7j/ ot* ayhives /cat jxe eTiKTes, Trota rt? <'r]> rjuepa;^ Kal virep avTrjg he Xeyeiv cus" r^hv ecrrt /cat <aXyeLv6v, Kal>^ apLffjorepa he ovk e^ovTa ov pahiov dvdpojTrov Xa^elv Kal <eaTia)fievos he elTrelv>^ otl ipv^pov ecrrt Trap' avTw <t6> XaKKotov,^ Kal (Lg ktjttos Xo-xo-va TToAAa exiJ^v Kal aTraAa^" /cat pudyeipos ev TO oifjov aKevaC,ojv Kal otl rj ot/cta avTov ttovhoKeZov eoTL, peuTTj yap det"- /cat tovs (fyiXovg avTOV elvai tov TeTp-qpuevoY ttlOov, ev ttotl^ojv ydp^^ avTOVs ov hvvaadat ep^TrXijaat,. Kal ^evi^wv he hel^at TOV TrapdaiTov avTov ttolos tls ecTTi tco ovvhemvovvTi' Kal rrapaKaXibv he em tov TTOTripiov elireZv otl to Tepipov tovs rrapovTas TrapeaKevaaTat, Kal OTL avTiqv, edv KeXevaaxJLV, 6 iraZs /xeretcri
fiacrw/Jievos
^
i.e.
dum
cacet: so
M:
others
.
irepiiraT-ijarj
correction of
gXoss
^ Coh.-E: iox Kepaixov y\. a Ka\wv (introd. p. 23) iravovpyLwv, others omit Kai irav. * Courier, ^ e(XTiu>v ? cf. xxx. 9 : rass olKtiwu cf. xxiv. 9 ^ d-rrov (corr. to elirep) pid/j./xi-i, others (introd. p. 23} * Foss-i? Kai or' C!i5. k. iriKre^ /xe ris omit etTT.
i]fj.(pa,
and Alciphr.
(introd.
'
init. (3.
what day of the month,' cf. iii. 3 7); other mss cjs iroia 'rj/xepa p.e 'inKres
'
mss
. .
incorp.
wffTe.
^ \n\.-E (introd. p. 22) ^** incorp. gloss vO(:op after ^vxpov adds gloss on Xolkkoiov, ware elvai xj/vxpov, others omit
p.
24;
TToiwv
yap
eari
^^
Pas
mss
90
CHARACTER XX
you
will
to wait
till
He
from
his
of kissing while he
'
calls
as
Daddy's
bit of
Avickedness.' "
When
and the
he
is
relate
at both ends,
bile
is
from
'
his
bowels
'
was
as
He
Tell
me,
Mammy,
how went
to
bed of
me
'
and
When
he
is
a garden
knows
his business
full
"
his
;
house
is
a perfect inn,
it is
always so
of guests
and
the
fill
leaky cask
drench
them
as
he
will
he cannot
them.
When he
and when he
tells
;
would make
his guests
provided for
his
man
shall
go
The
more
"
"
rest of the Character shows that this is Intended Uterally than some editors woukl think. ^xoira neuter phiral ; lit. can get things which have, etc.
Of
the Danaids.
91
THEOPHRASTUS
TTapa
Tov TTopvo^ooKov
rjSrj,
"Ovcog Travreg
vtt'
MIKPOOIAOTIMIAS KA'
'H Se
2 Dibs' 3
jjiLKpo(l)LXoTifjLia
TLfxrjs
dveXevOepog,^
8e
p,tKpo(f)LX6rLjjiO
tolovtos rig,
(JTTOvhdaaL iirl heiTTvov KXr^Oelg Trap' avrov tov KoXeaavra KaraK^Lfx^vos SeLvvrjaaL' Kat tov vlov
Kal
cTTipLeXr]-
5
6
Koi
apyvpiov
Kaivov
TTOifjaai
oLTToSouvaL.
"
o ex^ov errl tov KXijjiaKLOV o KoXotos TTiqhrjCTeTaf Kat ^OVV dvaaS to 7Tpop,TW7TtSLOV aTTaVTlKpil TTJS
OTTCos ol elcnovTes tSojatv* otl ^ovv eduae. Kal TTOfiTTevaas Se yuera tojv linTewv to. jxev dXXa
TTO-VTa
OLTToSovvat^
TO)
TTtttSt
dTTVyKiv
ot/caSe,
/caret
p.vcDijji'
dyopdv
TrepLTraTelv.
TeXevT-qaavTos avTO),
10
pivrjfxa TTOLrjaai
Kal OTr^Xihiov
dvaoTriaas^
^
e77ty/>ai/ai
KAaSo?
MeAtraios'"
Kal
mss
25
also
:
-pov
Foss dwdyeiv
iii.
et's
^ dyaydov, but cf. ix. 2 dweXddiv Schneid. dvayaywv perh. rightly, cf. Diog. L.
^
-XaJtrat
'
* elBuiaiv ?
cf.
Ar. Lys.
p. '22
:
1140,
jntrod.
mss
Im.
cT'jjXtSioj', Troi'^cras
iTriypdxpai
92
CHARACTERS
XXXXI
'
forthwith to fetch tlie girl from the brothel, so that we may all have the pleasure of listening to her
music.'
"
XXI.
Petty Pride
;
PETTY PRIDE
will seem to be a vulgar appetite for and the Pettily-proud man of a kind that when he is invited out to dine must needs find place to dine next the host and that will take his son off to Delphi to cut his first hair. Nothing will please him but his lackey shall be a blackamoor. When he pays a pound of silver he has them pay it in new coin. He is apt, this man, if he keep a pet jackdaw, to buy a little ladder and make a little bronze shield for that jackdaw to wear while he hops up and down upon the ladder.** Should he sacrifice an ox, the scalp or frontlet is nailed up, heavily
distinction
garlanded, over against the entrance of his house,'' so that all that come in may see it is an ox he has sacrificed.* When he goes in procession with the other knights, his man may take all the rest of his gear away home for him, but he puts on the cloak and makes his round of the market-place in his spurs. Should his Melitean lap-dog die, he will make him a tomb and set up on it a stone to say Branch, of Melite.-'' Should he have cause to dedicate a bronze
'^
'
'
" The ill-breeding prob. does not lie in speaking of the brothel, but the host should either have provided a fluteplayer or said nothing about it. * Like a soldier on a scaling-ladder at the taking of a city. " On the opposite side of the peristyle ? '' Or perhaps more likely know. ' That he was sacrificing some animal would be clear from f See Index, the smell. elite.
9S
THEOPHRASTUS
haKTvXov^ -^aXKOvv ev tco 'AdKXrjTneLO), rovrov eKrpi^eiv, arec/iavovv ,^ dAet^etv, 6urj[j.paL. dfxeXeL Se /cat hioiKifjaaadai Trapd twv crufXTrpvravecov^ ottcos dTrayyeiXr] ro) h-qpcp rd Upd, Kal TTapecrKevaajxevos XafxiTpov LfxdTLOv Kal iuTe(f)avojjjLevos TTapeXdojv ecTrelv 'Q. dvSpes 'AOrjvacoL, edvofiev OL Trpvraveis^ ttj Mr^rpt rajv Oecov rd FaAa^ta/ /cat /caAct ra lepd/ /cat vpels Se^^ade^ Ta dyaOd' /cat ravra dTrayyeiXas dmajv Si-qy-qaaaOai ot/caSe rfj avrov yvvaiKt (Ls Kad' VTrep^oXrjv
dvadels
11
evrjpLepel.^
1-
13
14
Kat TrXeLorrdKLs he diroKeipaGd at, /cat tovs ohovrag XevKovs e^etr. /cat rd Ipdrta he XPV^'''^ iiera^dXXeadai , /cat ;\;ptCT/xaTt dXei(j)ecjdaL. Kal ttjs jxkv dyopds frpos rds rpaTiel,as TrpoG^oirdv^ rcov he yvfivacTLCOv iv tovtols hiarpl^eiv ov dv ot'" ^'^^" j8ot yvpvdt,covrn,i, rod he dedrpov Kadrjadai,, drav ^ 6ea,^^ ttXtjulov Td)v arparrjycjv. /cat ayopd^ecv avTog jxev^^ prjhev, ^evots he avvepyelv eVtarrdXpara, </cat aAas"> els BvCdvriov Kal Aa/coivt/cd? Kvvas els Ku^t/cov 7Tep,7Tecv" Kal p,eXt 'Yp-'qmov els
'Pohov Kal ravra
ttoicov
rols
iv
rfj
TroXet
hc-
15
rjyetadaL.
Naber: mss-tov
mss
-oOi'Ta
Herw: mss
rd
'
o-i'fSiw/c.
and
lepa
TTpvT. (introd. p. 22), after which they incorporate * Wil : * TO, iepa ra yap d^ia, others d^La
gloss rd
KaXd, arch.)
others
*
orait
5e'x.:
{i.e.
iepd
in
marg.
^ all mss and for meaning Ath. o84 d most mss -e?v and P(ap. Hercul. 1457) have this and the following after ^'' * P wpocr^pxeffdai oi 6\ip6/jievos Char. V, see opp. ^^ mss and P avrSv fiev, " mss also dea in P only " introd. p. 25 mss also ixkv avrbv
ij
94
CHARACTER XXI
finger or toe in the
it is plain, will contrive it with his fellowmagistrates that it be he that shall proclaina the sacrifice to the people and providing himself a clean coat and setting a wreath on his head, will stand forth and say The Magistrates have performed the rites of the Milk-Feast, Athenians, in honour of the Mother of the Gods the sacrifice is propitious, and do you accept the blessing.' This done he will away home and tell his wife what a great success he has had. He is shorn, this man,*^ many tiines in the month keeps his teeth white gets a new cloak when the In the old one is still good uses unguent for oil. market-place he haunts the banks o"f the wrestlingschools he chooses those to dally in where the youths practise ^ and when there is a show at the theatre he will sit next to the generals. He does no buying for himself, but aids foreigners in exporting goods abroad, and sends salt to Byzantium, Spartan hounds to Cyzicus, Hymettian honey to Rhodes ; and when he does so, lets the world know it. It goes without saying that he is apt to keep a pet monkey and
; ' ;
**
it,
temple of Asclepius," he is sure wreathe it, and anoint it, every day.
or,
As a votive offering in return for the cure of that member keeping the text, ring. Text uncertain the point would seem to lie either in the (unusual ?) specification of the feast or in the unimport
:
**
ance of
"
c/.
at the
but it previous
* i.e.
end of Char. V., is generally thought to belong here may have belonged once to a separate Char., cf. the
16.
the public ones, not the private ones for boys (Nav.).
95
THEOPHRASTUS
Kr-qcraadai, Kal I^tKreAt/cds" TrepLOTepas, SopKaSeLoug darpaydXovs ,^ Kal QovpiaKcis^ TcDv arpoyyvXcov XrjKvdovs, Kai ^aKrrjpias rwv ukoXlcov eK AaKeSaLfiovos, Kal avXaiav Ylepaas eVKal TraXaLarpiSLOv' kovlv xov Kal v(f)aGp,vr]v,^ (TcfiaLpLGT-qpLOV Kal TOVTO 7TpL(JJV )(p7]VVVVaL^ TOt?
rirvpov^
Koi
!'
(f)LXoa6(f)OLg,^
TOLS
TOLS
TOL
dpp.ovLKoZs
eTTtSei^eaLu
varepov
iTTeiaidvaL
rjSrj
avy-
Kad-qp.ivojv , Iv
et-nr^
Tov erepov
on Tovrov
eariv
rj
iraXaiarpa.
ANEAEY0EPIAS KB'
'H 8e dveXevdepia earl
2
olos
,^'''
3
4
StSous"
^
Sch. Aujpieh Tov (TaTvpoV Kai ecrri 5e 6 fiiKpav tx'^" ovpav widtjKos and in one ms 3 obscure words, for the first 2 of ^ which Knox suggests 'Yivdwvo^ i) XPV'^'-^ ^f- Callira. Sch. 239 (85 Mair) {cf. Ambr. O) oi Qovpioi. edfos
TapavTiviKov
*
iv y XrjKvdoL elpya'^ovro 5ia<f>epovaai tG>v aWuiv Cob. and P; mss exoi'"''"' Hepo-as evv(pa(Tnivov^ {cf. Diog. L.
^ so P : mss av\i8iov iraXaiaTpLolov (waXaiffTpiKoi'). 102) P ' P omits, perh. inincorp. gloss XP'^'""^'''^^'* Cob. tentionally; Philodemus was a philosopher himself ^ ^ introd. fTrto. 26 and P: mss p. rass Trepiovaia ns awb {airo incorp. correction to d7rovo-('a) ^^ " Diels mss -era ^vXlv-qv avad. tw A. {i.e. f. in ^^ Hanow ^.kv, others omit ; Madv. marg. of arch. " Meier iv tw Stj/uco, cf. Dera. 21. 161 ju.eXai'i
vi,
96
is
his
;
doves are
the
his
knuckle-bones
antelope
his oil-flasks
his walking-sticks
and a
own with
The
last
displays
in late
'
so that the
is
to another,
That
XXII.
Parsimony
expense
;
PARSIMONY
is a neglect of honour when it involves and your Parsimonious man one that if
for staging a
tragedy
'^
will
con-
secrate to Dionysus a
with his
it
'^
;
and
when
rise
a public contribution
is
At his daughter's wedding he will put away all the meat of the sacrificial victim except the priest's
"
Ital.
" '
''
cf. Ath. v. 194 a, Pap. Soc. 331 (257 b.c). Gf. Diog. L. vi. 104. i.e. a plaque in imitation of a headband (Nav.). He does not even give the poet's, let alone the tribe's.
97
THEOPHRASTUS
lepecov^ TO.
^
rpL-
Tipapxf^v TO. rov KvjiepvrjTov arpcofiara avrco cttl rod Karaarpd>p.aTos VTroaropivvvcrdai, ra Se avrov
6
aTTOTidivai.
koL
to.
TratSia Se
fj
heivos
fir]
TTejjufjat
etV StSacr/caAou
7
orav
Movcreta, dXXa
/cat
(firjaat
KaKCos
ev
ex^iv,
Lva
{JLT]
avpi^dXcovTai.
e^
dyopds Se
dijjcovrjGag rd.
8
Kpea avros
(f>epeLV
Kat^
rd Xa^fiva
10 /cat
TTJ
yvvaLKL Se
rij
iavrov
pnq
KirXeov raXdvrov>^
irpoiKa
elaeveyKapievrj
TrpiaaOai
Oepdiraivav,
11
12
13
Tag e^oSovg e/c rrjs yvvaiKeias TratStov TO avvaKoXovdrjaov /cat rd VTTohrjjxaTa TTaXipLTTTi^ei KeKarrvjxeva (f)opelv, koL Xeyeiv on KepaTOs ovBev Stat^e'pet* /cat ai^aara? TrjV otKLav KaXiXvvai /cat rds /cAtVa? eKKoprjaai.^ /cat Kadel^ojjLevos Trapaarpei/jaL rov rpi^cova ov avrov (ftopel.^
dXXd
fiLcrOovcrdat els
AAAZONEIAi: KF'
'A/xeAet
Tt?'
Se
-q
dXal^oveta
Sdfet
eii^at
TrpoaSoKia
dya^tuv
^ *
Holl.
*
E
'
V dieLXey.
mss
others
*
also iKKopvaai
mss
also ni'w;'
mss
SiriyeiTo
98
CHARACTERS XXIIXXIII
for
and covenant with the serving-men he hires the feast that they shall eat at home.* As trierarch or fm'nisher of a galley to the state, he makes his bed on the deck with the helmsman's blankets,'' and puts his own by. This man will never send his children to school when it is the Feast of the Muses, but pretend that they are sick, so that they shall not contribute. He will come home from market carrying his own buyings of meat and potherbs in the fold of his gown " he \vill stay at home when his coat is gone to the fuller's ; when a friend of his is laying another's acquaintance under contribution and he has wind of it, lie no sooner sees him coming his way than he turns into an alley and fetches a compass home. The wife that brought him more than three hundred pound is not suffered to have a serving-maid of her own,<* but he hires a little girl from the women's market to attend her upon her outings. The shoes he wears are all clouts, and he avows they are as strong as any horn. He rises betimes and cleans the house and brushes out the dining-couches.* When he sits down he will turn aside his frieze-coat when he has nothing under it.^
portion,
;
XXIII.
PRETENTIOUSNESS
;
Pretentiousness, of course, will seem to be a laying claim to advantages a n^an does not possess and the Pretentious or Snobbish man will stand at the
Cf. Men. 286 K, 450 K. The steersman on duty at night would not want them till " Cf. Men. Sam. 170. Cf. Diog. L. vi. 36, 104. morning.
"
^
'
'
These naturally would be covered with crumbs. Or perhaps the frieze-coat which is all he wears
vi. 13, vii. 22.
cf.
Diog. L.
99
THEOPHRASTUS
d)g
2
TToAAa
7Tpl
;(/57y/i.aTa
avro)^
rrjs
iuriv ev
rfi
daXdrTT)'
Kal
rrjs
epyaaias
TjXiKr],
iXr](f)
Kal a7roAcuAe/ce
Kat
ajxa
ravra
TpaTTe^av 8paxP''^S
avrqj
KLp,vr]s.
Kal
ovvoSot,-
TTopov 8e OLTToXavGaL
/xera
iv rfi ohqj
,
Kvdv8pov iarparevGaro
tcov iv rfj
Ei)/5ciJ7T7],
Kal Trepl
elal
iv
TTj
dijL(f}La^r]TTjGaL'
ravra
'Avriels
ifjO(f)rjaaL^
Kal ypapLpiara he
Trdrpov rpirrd*
Srj
ojs
rrdpearL nap'
M.aKSoviav Kal
dreXovs^
on
dTreip-qrat,
evos
(TVKO(f)avrir]dfj'
YlepaLrepoj
rfj
<i)iXoao4)elv
irpoaiJKe
rj
Ma/ceSoCTt.
TTevre
Kal iv
acrohela^
he ojs TrXeiaP
rdXavra
avro)
yevoiro^
rd
dvaXwp,ara
yap
^ov
Svvaardai.
Kal
dyvcorojv^
iJiT]<f>ovs
Se
irapaKadrjixevajv
Kara
^
fxvdv,
:
Kal
-rots
Trpoaridels
^
mdavd^^
eKdarois
Lycius
:
mss
cf.
ger
mss
iiirtlv
\
\fri<pTJaai
*
-2.
add
'
Andoc.
*
TrXei'oi'S
cf. xiv.
' Hettincf. Men. Perinlh. 7 " some mss mss also rpirov ^ Cas: mss (nroota, avrodia 11 t'l yiverai ; mss also yevoiTo avTi3
-2
mss 100
also dyvwaTuif
"*
E, introd.
p.
22
^^
-vQs
CHARACTER
XXIII
Mole and tell strangers of the great sums he has ventured at sea, and descant upon the greatness of
the usury-trade and his own profits and losses in it and while he thus outruns the truth, will send off his page to the bank, though he have there but a shilling to his name. He loves to make sport of a fellow-traveller by the way by telling him that he served under Evander," and how he stood with him, and how many j ewelled cups he brought home and will have it that the artificers of Asia are better craftsmen than these of Europe all this talk though
; ;
;
he have never been out of the country. Moreover, he may well say that he has no less than three letters from Antipater ^ requesting his attendance upon him in Macedonia," and albeit he is offered free exportation of timber he has refused to go he will not lay himself open to calumny the Macedonians ought to have known better than expect it. He is like to he spent say, also, that in the time of the famine more than twelve hundred pound in relieving the distress, he cannot say no and when strangers are sitting next him he will ask one of them to cast the account, and reckoning it in sums of ten, twentyfive, and fifty, assign plausible names to each sum
; ; **
" Apparently an intentionally thin disguise of the name of Alexander, against whom T. had written the pamphlet Callisthenes in S27. Regent of Macedonia after the death of Alexander, 3-33-319 ; cf. Xenocrates' refusal of Ant.'s offered gift, Diog. L. iv. 8 ; cf. ibid. vi. 66. " Or that a letter has come from Antipater bidding him lead a commission of three to attend him in Macedonia. " Prob. that of 329 B.C., cf. Dem. 34. 37 f.
'>
101
THEOPHRASTUS
TOVTOJV ovoixara, TTOirjaat Kai Se/ca rdXavra'^ /cat TOVTO (f)ijaag elcrevrjvoxivaC els ipdvovg avrcov, /cat TO.? rpLrjpapx^as elTreZv on ov rlOrjaiv ovhk rds XeiTovpyias oaas XeXeirovpyrjKe. Kal irpoaeXdajv S' els Tovs LTTTTOvg, Tovs dyadovs roZs TTCoXovac TrpocTTTOLT^aaaO at covrjndv Kal eirl ra? KXiutag^
eXddiV Ifxariaiiov ^rjrrjcrai els 8vo rdXavra, Kal r(h
TTaihl
9
pidx^eaQai otl to ^pvaiov ovk exiov avrcp dKoXovdec' Kal ev pLiada) ttjv olKiav* oIkcov <j)i]Gai TavTTTjv elvai rrjv Trarpcoav rrpos rov fxrj elSora, Kai SioTi jxeXXei TTCoXeZv avrrjv ta to iXdTTCo elvai, avTO) TTpos Tas ^evoSoxlcLS.
YOEPHOANIAS
"Ectti 8e
i)
KA'
tls ttXtjv
V7Tepri<j)avia
KaTa(f)p6vrjals
V7TepT](f)avos
3 *
TOioaSe tls, cnrevSovTt dno otos Tip heirrvov KevTvyxdveiv avTip>^ evrev^eaOai (j>daKeLV ev toj TrepmaTeZv Kal ev TTOiriaas iJ,ep,vrjadat (f)duKLV Kal ^aSi^cov ev
TaZs oSoZs^ Tas Stairas" Kpivecv ev toZs eTTiTpei/jauiv'' Kal ;!{ei/)OTOi^ou/xei^os- e^6p.vvadai Tas dp^ds, ov
'>
6 (f)a(TK(x>v
''
axoXdl,eLv Kal TrpoaeXOeZv TtpoTepos ovhevl OeXyjuac} Kal tovs iroiXovvTds tl 'q p,Ladovfxevovs^
^
woirjffaL
Kai
i.e.
now grown
to ten;
troirjaai
mss also
oe/ca
'
and Xen.
Sjjm.
'
k
6.
4):
:
' (v is strange marg.) TO(s ei'<i> {sc, Xo^w) ewiTpexpacnv, i.e. a form of arbitration where the referee's decision was given in a single word (Yes or No?)? avpiov otuj (BovXead' iTnTpeireiv ivl cf. Men. Ep. 198 Karaiuei'u)
Schw
* Im. ^: mss xXiVas mss also /.uaOur^ oiKia mss ^tdj-eif for padi^cov,
iv r.
\6y({)
eroifJLos
mss
-eras
Stroth
mss
/jLe/xiffdu/j..
102
and make it
is
as
much
as three
thousand pound."
This he declares
what he contributed to these poor men's subscription-hsts, adding that he takes no account whatever of the trierarchies and other stateThis man will go to the horse-market and pretend to the dealers that he wishes and at the stalls ^ he asks to buy thoroughbreds after clothing worth five hundred pound, and scolds his lackey for coming out without gold." And though he Hve in a hired house, he tells any that knows no better that he had this of his father, and is about to put it up for sale because it is too small for the
;
XXIV.
;
ARROGANCE
Arrogance is the despising of all the world but yourself and the Arrogant man of the kind that will tell any that hastes to speak to him after supper, that he will see him while he takes the air and any that he has benefited, that he is bearing it in mind. If he be made sole arbiter he will give judgement as he walks in the streets.* When he is to be elected to office he excuses himself on oath, because, please you, he has not the time. He will go speak It is his to no man before the other speak to him. way also to bid one who would sell to him or hire " Lit. reckoning by 600 drachmas ( =6 minas=a tenth of
'^
a talent), and 10 minas (a twentieth), and 1 mina (a sixtieth), make it ten talents the ref. is not to the method of adding up the total (why should he have an abacus with him ?), but he does not to the (imaginary) list of iiis contributions trouble to invent any but round numbers (see p. 22). * Another part of the market-place. ' Lit. the gold but the article is idiomatic, see p. 51 n. a.
: ; ;
^ i.e.
'
he won't put
critical
off his
7.
See
note
103
THEOPHRASTUS
8
r^/xepa*
/cai
XaXetv rot? evTvyxdvovaL,^ Karoj kckvc/xjus, orav Se avro) 0^17, oivo) TTaXtv Kal ioTLCov Tovs (fycXovs avros firj (JuvhecTTvelv, dXXa rajv ixf)^ avrov tlvl cruvrd^ai avratv iniKal ttpoaTToareXXeLv Se, errdv TTopevrjTai, Tov epovvra otl Trpoaepx^Tai' Kal ovre ctt' dXei(f)6fjLvov avrov ovre Xovofxevov ovre iadtovra edaat elaeXdeZv. djxeXei he Kal Xoyi^op-evog Trpos ai' riva rep 77atSt avvrd^ai rds ^rj(l>ovs 8ia)6etv /cat Ke<f)dXaLov TTOirjaavn ypdipac avrco els Xoyov /cat eiTiureXXoiv p.rj ypd(f)eLV on Xa/>t^oto dv /xot, aAA' on BouAoyLtat yeveudai, Kal ^ATrearaXKa Trpos ore X-qifjofievos, Kal "Ottcos dXXws piTj earai, /cat T'r]v
ixeXeludai,.
10
11
12
13
rax^o-TYjv.
AEIAIA2 KE'
'AjLte'Aet
2 ijjvx'fjs
8e
rj
SeiAt'a
ns
ev
(f)6^cp,^
6 Se
TrXecov
rds
d'/cpa?
(jidaKeiv
kXvBojviov^ yevop^evov epojrdv ei ns pt] pepvqrat rdjv TTXe6vra>v Kal rou KV^epvrjrov dvaKVTtrovros avro) <eLaop,evov> el p,eaoTTopeZ, TTVvddveadat*
80/cet
Xeyeiv
3
^o^elrat dTTO evvTTviov nvos' Kal ck^vs rov ;(tTa)rtCT/cov /cat heladai Trpos Kal arparev6p,evos oe yfjv rrpoadyeiv avrov.
^
on
<d\Xd TrapLivaC/?
for
el(X.
E:
E;
/ih) trwdav.
104
labour to
is
When
he
'
'
'
'
'
XXV. COWARDICE
Cowardice, of course, would seem to be a givingway of the soul in fear and your Coward he that if he be at sea will have it that the jutting rocks are pirate sloops, and when the sea rises asks if there be any aboard that is not initiated. If the helmsman look up to know if he is keeping mid-channel,** he asks him what he thinks of the Aveather " or tells one that sits next to him that a dream he has or takes off his shirt and had makes him uneasy or begs them put him ashore. gives it to his man " i.e. without asking if you agree with his arithmetic. * Or is halfway of his course (in either case he would go by the relative position of mountain-tops, etc.).
; ;
:
'^
"
"^
For ease in swimming ; the cloak, having no arm-holes, could be thrown off with less delay.
105
THEOPHRASTUS
eK^orjOovvTos re^ <tous" avaaLTOVs>^ irpocrTravras avrov KeXevojv ardvras* Trpos TTpojTov Trepuheiv y /cat Xdyetv cos epyov SiayvaJvai ^laiv ecTTi TTorepol^ ol TroAe'jUtof koI olkovcov Kpavyrjs Kai opcov TnTrrovras, etTra?^ irpos rovs TrapeaT'^Koras on rrjv aTrddiqv Aa^etv vtto rrjs avovSrjg iireXadero, rpe)(^eLV em ttjv aKTjvqv, <Kal> Tov 7Tal8a eKTrepupas KeXevojv^ rrpoGKOTTetyTJ^
KaXeiV
TTeladai
VTTO
5
ttov
elaiv
ol iroXipLLOi,
etTtt
e/c
a.TroKpvipai
avr-qv
TO
7TpOGK(f)dXaiOV,
^S"
l,rjTOJV
/cat
StaTpl^eLV
GKt^vrjs^
(f>iX(x}v
TToXvv
XP^^'^^
hpapLOJV
/cat
t-^?
opcov
Tpavp-ariav
/cat
nvd
7Tpoa(f)ep6p.evov rcov
vpoa(f>ipLV,
dappetv
KeXevaas VTToXa^ojv
/cat
rovrov
depaTreveiv
TTepiaTroyytl^eLv,
/cat
Trdv fxaXXov
?)
/cat
Anay
eg /copa/ca?"
ttvkvo.
ovK
6
edaei
tov
/cat
dvdpojTTOV
vttvov
Xa^elv^
tols
crquatvcov.
at/^aro?
/cat
8e
dvaTrXecos
drro
e/c
tov
ttjs
dXXoTpiov
fidxT^S
TpavjjiaTos
ivTvyxo-veiv
eTTaviovat
tovs
SrjpLOTas,
tovs
* sc. ^ Trei'oO corr. to jre^rj, others omit wef. ... re TOV crrpaToO or toP arpaT-qyov (or eK^OTjOovvro}'.' r cf. Xeii. Ci/r. iii. 3. 5-t lovTojv eh /xdxv^ and (Ti';'a76'Ttt;i' below, xxx. IH) ^ 7, * Ke\. irp. avr. ctt., others iravrai cf. Dem. 54. 4
TTp.
avT.
Kai ar.
(i.e.
KfXfvuip,
-poj'
arch.)
' *
mss
4.
also
fin.
Ilber^:
*
V
cf.
Long.
36
virvop
dXovTo
Kivovvevcras
Ei'a kt\.
106
CHARACTER XXV
When
he
is
into action,
all first
he
is
them
it is
so difficult
and then when he hears cries and sees men falling, he remarks to the men next to him that in his haste he forgot to take up his sword, and runs to the tent, and sending his man out with orders to reconnoitre, hides it under his pillow and then spends a long time pretending to seek for it. And seeing from the tent that they are
to tell
which
the
enemy
bringing that
way
wounded man
that
is
a friend
him be of good cheer, takes him on his back and carries him in " and so will tend the man, and sponge about his wound,* and sit beside him and keep the flies from it, do anything, in short, sooner than fight the enemy. And indeed Avhen the trumpet sounds the charge he never stirs from the tent, but cries 111 take ye he'll not suffer the man to get a wink of sleep with
of his, he runs out, and bidding
; '
!
his continual
bugling
' !
And
parishioners,
them how he has saved one friend's own " and bring in his fellowhis fellow-tribesmen, to see the wounded
;
* Or perh. on his arm ; Nav. compares Plat. Sym. ^VI where, however, it is dyeii' not (pipeiv,
*
"
if
life,
how he
107
THEOPHRASTUS
^uAe'ras'/ Kal rovrcov
dfj,^
eKaarw
hi^qyeladai,
ws
avTOS
avTov
rats
iavrov
x^P^'-^
^^^
aKrjvrjV
eKOfXLaev.
OAirAPXIAS
K<^'
Ao^eiev S av elvat rj oXiyapxia <^tAap;^ta ris laxvos Kal Kephovs^ yXixofJievrj, 6 8e oXiyapxtKog^
2
TOtovTOs, oiog rod StJjjlov ^ovXevopevov rtVas" rep dpxovTi vpoaaipTjaovrai rovs GVV7Tip,eXrjaopLevovs
rr]s
TTOpiTTrjs,*
irapeXdajv
dTTO(f)T^vaadaL
wg
Set
irpo-
avTOKpdropag
Se
tovtovs
elvai'
elvat,
Kav
et?
dXXoi^
ecrri,
tovtov
eTTOJv
on
Set
dvSpa
/cat
riov
'OpLrjpov
on
eano,
Se
OvK dyadov
3
TCJV
Se
dXXcov
eVtaracr^at.
dpLeXei
Seivos
;!^p7yCTaCT^at,
on
Aet avTOVs Tjpds avveXOovra? irepl rovrov^ ^ovXevaaadaL, Kal E/c rod oxXov Kal rrjg dyopds dnaXXayrjvai Kal Ylavaaadai dpxoZ'S 7TXr]aid^ovTas
,
r]
npLajpuevovs dre^
tovtovs Set
rj
Kal ro
pivos
^
^ mss and P {O.vi/rh. mss also tov^ (p. tcv dqpiov * Cas : mss (and F?\-apxo? 699) tVxi'poO (-pws) Kep8. * so other mss omit '2 11. of arch, jrpoaaip. t. (tw- and : * mss &X\oi * so prob. (from marg.) t7)s (Im.): ' Vadds ai'-roi's * i?: mss others -Twi' Nav. oi'Jrcos oTi, cf. xvii. 9 " adds kuI, others omit Kal to ip.. dva^e^X. ^0 (one line of arch, lost by 7r/3\), cf. Plat. Prot. 344 b
iv.
108
and
all
that he carried
him
to the
own hands.
XXVI.
OLIGARCHY
It would seem that the Oligarchical or AntiDemocratic Spirit is a love of rule, covetous of power and gain and the Anti-Democrat or Tory of the Old School is he that steps forth when the Assembly
;
'
considering whom to join with the Archon for the directing of the pageant,'' and gives his opinion that these should have full powers and if the other speakers propose ten, he will say One is enough,' adding But he must be a man indeed.'* The one and only line of Homer's he knows is this
is
;
'
'
'Tis
ill
that
many
rule
give one
man
sway.
only to be expected that he should be given to using such phrases as these We should meet and consider this by ourselves We should rid ourselves of the mob and the market-place We should give up dallying with office and suffering ourselves to be insulted or exalted by such persons,*^ when either we or these fellows must govern the city.' And he will not go abroad till midday, and then it is with his cloak thrown on with studied elegance, and his hair and beard neither too short nor too long, and his finger-nails carefully pared, to
It is
:
'
'
'
'
'
"
^
Cf.
Andoc.
4. 16.
procession at the Greater Dionysia. Cf. Men. Sam. 137, Pk. 260. The reference is to the initial and final scrutinies of magistrates before the Assembly.
'
'^
The
109
THEOPHRASTUS
TOiovTOvg
5
Xoyovs
COS
'El'
<X4'yojv>
Ata
TOWS'
(TVKO(f>dvTaS
TToXei,
Koi
TOLS
hiKacrrripiois
Seim
ird-
uxofxev V7t6
ra)v TTpos
rcx)v
hiKat,6vra)v ,^
koL
cLs
Qavfxdl^co
/cat
tj
<r6>^ tov vejjLovros /cat BlSovtos, /cat djs atap^werat ev rfj iKKXrjGLq. orav rrapaKadrjTaL ng avrcv XeTTTog /cat avxp-^v- /cat L7Tlv Ylore TTavaofieda vtto tcjv Xeirovpytwv Kal rajv rpi7]papx('0}v aTToXXvfievoi,; Kal (hs pLLQ-qrov to rcov Srjfxaycoycov yivog, tov Qrjaea TrpcoTov (/)TJaas tcov KaKOJV TTJ TToXeL yeyovevat aiTiov* /cat St/cata Tjadelv,^ TTpojTov yap avTOV aTToXeaOai vtt avTwv. TOtavTa eVepa TTpog tovs ^evovg /cat tcvv /cat voXiTcov Tovg opoTpoTTOvg Kal TavTO. Trpoaipovfjievovs
d)(dpiGT6v
wg
OTIMAGIAS KZ'
*H
p-qaeis
Se
oipip^aOia
(jiiXoTTOvia
ho^eiev
dv
etvac
yeyovwg, fxavOdveLV i^iqKovTa eTrj TavTas XeyoiV Trapd ttotov iiriXavOdveadaL' TTapd TOV vlov p,av6dvLV to KttI 86pv /cat
daTTiha Kal 'Ett'
Kal Kal
Ett'
ovpdv Kal
Mem.
'
els
rjpcoa avpi^dXXf.dp.eXe.1
Se
1 ii. 1. '22, and Alciphr. 4-. 7. cf. jSaStj'wj' oSoc Xen. eh {sic lec/e) AKaorj/jLeiau ao^eh (an imitation?) 1 (1. 34) ' Bersanetti, Schn : rass oiKa^ofj.evwv Meier 5eKa'goijAvwv
tV
cf.
adds
* T-qi Tvxv^ ^'iii- 10 and Kuhn.-Bl. ii. 1. 269 incorp. g'loss tovtov yap ei: owSe/i-a iroXewp ets /j-iav KarayayovTa \v6eiaas ptauiXetas ; cf. vtt' avrGiv below, sc. rCiv * rass vir' avrdv 5r]/jLay<iyyQv : other mss omit amo:' . auTov nadetv
TO
110
'
'
it in the Street of the Music-House, saying, There's no dwelling in Athens for the informers or The juries are the curse of the law-courts or I marvel why men take up public affairs or How thankless the task of him that has to pay or how ashamed he is when some lean and ill-kempt fellow sits next to him in the Assembly. And he will say When shall we cease to be victims of these
strut
'
'
'
'
'
and trierarchies ? or O this detestable tribe of demagogues and add Theseus was the beginiiing of the misfortunes of our country and he got his deserts he Avas their first victim himself.' " And other such remarks does he make to strangers or to such of his fellow-citizens as are of his disposition and politics.^
state-services
'
'
'
'
XXVII.
OPSIMATHY OR LATE-LEARNING
;
for
Opsimathy would seem to be an activity too great your years and the Opsimath or Late-Learner
one that being past threescore years of age will learn verses to recite,'' and will forget what comes next when he delivers them over the wine. He will make his son teach him Right turn,' Left turn,' and Right -about -face.' On the feasts of the Heroes ^ he will compete in the torch-race for boys.
' '
'
"
* *
dinner-parties. to the shrines of the Heroes (Hephaestus and Prometheus ?) ; but if so it must be emphatic, and in this context one would expect the emphasis to lie on /j-eipaKiois els rather than eV is due to the idea of entering for the race, to be on a certain day ; cf. the Orators passim.
''
;
At Or
THEOPHRASTUS
6
r
Kav TTOV^ kXtjOtj etV 'HpctKAeia/ ptif/as to IfxaTiov Tov ^ovv a'ipeadat^ Iva rpaxriXiar]'^- koI TrpoaavarpL^ecrdai elaiojv els to.s TToXaiaTpas' koL eV rdls davfiaai rpia r) rerrapa TrX-qpajpLara V7Top.evetv to. aap-ara eKpLavdavajv Kai reXovp.evo'S ra> Ha^at,ia) airevaaL ottojs KaXXiGreva'Q Trapa ro) lepel- Kal ipojv iratpas^ Kal Kpiovs Trpoa^dXXcov raZs dvpaLS
dvrepaaTov SiKa^eo-^ai- /cat dXXorpiov Karoxovfievos dpLa LTT7Tdt,eadaL kul ireaajv rrjv Ke(f)aXr]V jxeXerdv Karayrjvai^ Kal ev heKahiaTaZs^ avvdyetv rovs <pirj>^ /xer' avrov avvav^ovras' Kal jxaKpov dvSpidvra 7TaL^LV irpos rdv eavrov dKoXovdov Kal hiaTo^eveadai Kal hiaKOVTit^eadaL rw rcov TraLhioiv Kai djxa jxavOdvecv TraiSayojyai, Trap' avrov <7Tapaiveiv> ,^ OJS dv /cat eKeivov pLrj eTnarap-evov Kal TTaXaioiv 8' ev rco ^aXaveico rrvKva eSpoarpocjieZv,^'^ OTTOjg TTeTTaihevadai Soktj- Kal drav aJcriv iyyvs yvvaLKes^^ p-eXerdv opx^ladai avros avrat
TrXrjyas
els
lXrj<f>ojs
e(f>'
10
vtt*
dypov
Ittttov
11
12
13
14
15
repert^cav/^
or on, cf. Lj's. others omit Kai eir' oi'pdv 5iKa'^(r6ai perh. a gloss; Theophr.'s * Schn : readers would surely not need this explanation ^ E, upas corr. fr. -pas cf. Plat. Gorg. 469 d: ' Wilhelra : evOKa \iTals, others omit mss Kareayevai
^
TTOt ?
E: mss
-k\(lov
(ets
= at
21.
3)
.
Meier:
alpeladai,
rp.
* 'iva
Kai
ffi'vai'^ofTas
:
E
.
Hanow
i"
E,
cf.
^^ Meister, eopav arpiipuv cf. Ar. ^^ late Cb<n . . -ywaiK. . (introd. p. 23) Eccl. 880 . ADDITION (only in V, where it follows Char. XXVIII): (16) ovTws 6 TQS diSaijKaXias epediafids fxaviKovs Kal i^earrjKoras
OpoffTpb(t>o$
:
mss
{rr^v')
.
avSpibirovs
rois
ijdeaL
woiel
112
CHARACTER XXVII
he be bidden to any man's on a feast of Heracles, is of course the man to throw off his coat and raise the ox to bend back its neck" ; when he goes he'll take a throw with to the wresthng-schools the youngsters. At the jugglers' shows he will stay out three or four performances learning the songs by heart. When they are initiating him with the holy orders of Sabazius he takes pains to acquit himself best in the eyes of the priest." If, when he is wenching and tries to break in the door, he be beaten by a rival, he takes it into court. He borrows a mount to ride into the country, and practising horsemanship by the way is thrown and breaks his head, At a tenth-day club's meetings he assembles men who have not the like objects with himself.** He will play long-statue ^ with his lackey he will shoot or throw the javelin with his children's tutor, and invite him the while to learn of him, as if he did not know his own business. When he is wrestling at the baths, he keeps wriggling his buttocks so that he may be thought to have had a good education. And when women are near, he will practise a dance,
If
he
**
whistling his
"
'
own
tune.-''
i^'or
the knife.
**
A common
diversion.
Meaning uncertain. avvdyeii^ and ffvvav^eiu are technical club-words, the latter meaning to further club-interests, cf. Lyoon's will ap. Diog.
"^
L. V. 70.
* Prob. a children's gymnastic feat involving standing on another player's shoulders. f LATE ADDITION Thus Can the prick of education make a man's manners those of one beside his wits.
:
113
THEOPHRASTUS
KAKOAOriAS KH'
KaKoXoyla ayajyuf rrjs ^'^XV^ ^^^ "^^ o Se KaKoXoyos roioaSe ris, X^^pov iariv; <L7TeZv> olos ipcoT-qdels '0 Belva tls
"Eart he
v
rj
Aoyots",
"A/coue Sry/ Kadairep ol yeveaXoyovvTes' UpcoTOv ttTTO Tou yevovs avrov dp^onac- rovrov 6 jxev Trarr^p ^ dp)cqg Hojuias eVaAetro, iyevero Se iv rots aTparicoraig HcoaLarparos, iireih-q Se et? rov'S
brjpoTas
evyevTjs
evypd(f>7],
<HcoaLhi]pLO>^iari,
-q
/xevTOt prjrrjp
KaXelrat Ys.pLVOKopa.Ka' rag Se roiavras (f)aalv evyevels elvai^' avrog Se ovros cus" syeyovdjs KaKos KaL fxaaTLytas. /cat
Kcov d>KaKcJL)v'^ Se rrpos
QpaTrd
yovv
r]<jv)(fj^
iv rfj Trarpt'Si
<7TpL
nva
etVetv
au TrXava' Trpos e/xe /cat TOUTOVs^ hte^LiLv avrai at yvvalKcg e/c rrj'S ohov Tovs irapLovras crvvapTrd^ovoL- Kac Oi/cta tls avrrj rd aKeXrj rjpKvla, <KaL> Ov ydp olov^ Xr]pos iarL TO Xeyofievov, aAA' (Larrep at Kvves iv rat? oSot?
rd ToiavTa otSa
VTrep djv
^ E, usual ^ Cas before a list, story, mss dyici' formal announcement, or emphatic statement, cf. Plat. Phaedr. 230 e, Sym. 2U b, Tim. iScA. 20 d. Plat. Com.
:
4'da;i'
173.
(c/".
17-1-.
11)
uKove
otj-
ap^ofiai
kt\,
K, Men. Sam. 93 and frag. p. 468 1. 2o Allinson, Callim. lamh. 201, Cleanthes 3 Powell, Luc. Gall. quoted by Nav. from Plat. So})h. iriG d, 2.57 a 12; oLKorf 5?)
:
oi'Kovvoe with mark of corruption is clearly unsuitable others omit, changing ap^o/xai to dp^acrdaL and omitting tovtov * E, 3 Meier cf. Diog. Laert. vi. 58, Theocr. 13. 27, Men. Her. 20: mss i) 'pvxv, but the 'ornate alias' is hardly Greek (could it be an incorp. gloss translating Kp. ?) ^ Im.-^B ' Foss: * introd. p. 14 TrXayds, others
omit
Kai
eyue
i.
Ussing
mss
-tois
Nav. com-
pares Polyb.
20. 12
114
CHARACTER XXVIII
XXVIII.
BACKBITING
Backbiting is a bent of the mind towards the and your Backbiter one worse in all a man says tliat, when you ask him Who is so-and-so ? is like Listen I to reply in the manner of a genealogist, will begin with his parentage this man's father was first called Sosias," then among the troops he became Sosistratus, and lastly when he was enrolled but as a demesman or man of a parish,*' Sosidemus at as for his niother, she's a high-born Thracian ^ least she's called when nobody's listening * Krinokoraka,-'' and they say that women of that sort " are high-born in her country the man himself, as you might expect, coming of such a stock, is a knave and a villain.' And he will say to you about quite
;
'
'
'
**
respectable
as
I know only too well what whose cause you are so mistaken these to champion to these gentlemen and me
women,
'
passers-by out of the street ,^ or or The saying This house is simply a brothel is all too true, They couple like dogs in the streets
seize
' '
'
women
'
"
"
also borne
by freemen.
' It was possible at this time, by questionable means, for a foreigner or even a slave to become an Athenian citizen * (\av.). Cf. Men. 469 K, Diog. L. ii. 31, vi. 1. * periiaps Kr. is Thracian for Meaning doubtful courtesan.' f The point perhaps lies in the outlandishness of the name ; attempts to derive it, e.g. from Kpivov and Kopai^, Lily-Crow, Black-and-White (ref. to the practice of tattooing ? Knox) should be given up the Kpivov, at any rate, was not proverbial for whiteness, as the lily is with us.
;
'
"
i.e.
prostitutes.
115
THEOPHRASTUS
4
avvexovrai^' /cat To oXov dvhpoXaXoi^ rwes' Kal AuTttt TTjv dvpav rr]v avXeiov VTraKovovai. a/xe'Aet Se Koi KaKcog Xeyovrcov irepcDV ovvemXafi^dveaOaL
dvdpcoTTOv
oltto
yap
elSexdT]? tls
8e TTOV7]pia, ovhev op,OLov*yap avTOV yvvaiKi <y >" TaXavra npolKa, e^ oi)^ Traihiov avrw yirj
ijjv)(p<p
Xoveadai dvayKdt,ei TJj rod HoaeiScvvos rjpepa.^ Kal avyKad'qp.evog hetvos Trepl tov dvaoTavros elnelv <KaKd>,^ Kal dp^/jv ye elXr^cfxhs^" /xi^ cxTro(TX^odaL p,r]Se rovg oiKeiovs avrov XoLSoprjcraL,
dXXd^^ TrXeZara Trepl rcov (fiiXoiv Kal olKeia>v KaKa eiTTelv Kai nepl rcov reTeXevrr^Korajv, <r7]v> KaKoXoyiav^^ diroKaXcov TrapprjOiav Kal hrn^iOKpariav Kal
eXevdepiav, Kat roJv ev roi ^ico rjStaTa tovto ttolcov^^
OIAOnONHPIAi:" K0'
"Kan
Se
rj
(f)LXo7TovqpLa
6p.oTTa9eia^^
rig, otos
Se (f)iXoTr6vrjp6s
eun TotoaSe
(Twexoi'TaL ?
KaKiag, o evTvyxdveiv
dywvas oi^Ar^Koat,"
*
KvvfS
(is
iv
65ois
Foss
-\dlioi
omits
others Kai * * or avTov Xeyovra 6/xoia corr. from o/xoia <i'>, Men, 40-2. 11 K? Antiph. 2-24- K is not parallel cf. * ov Im ' yeyofe i^s marg., cf. Mach. ap. Ath. xiii. * y^wa. 581 d text yevvd, others omit rdXapra cf. C.I. A. iii. 77. 16 or tov lIocreioeiD^'os oarjpjpai (E) ? ^^ Schn : * Ca.s.-E -^oros, others omit Kai ^^ Kai V, others Kai dWa Xoidoorjaai. ; cf. Men. Pk. io
Kal
aiTos
and reads
eiVoi'
{i.e.
etiras),
116
'
Truth to
tell,
'
**
'
hate him above all men what's more, he's ugly to look at, and his evil character there's nothing to match it and I'll tell you why the wife that brought him two thousand pound, ever since she bore him a child has had but two farthings a day for her meat-money, and has been made to wash in cold water on Poseidon's day.'^ He is prone to malign one of the company who is gone out and, give him but the opportunity, he will not forbear to revile his own kin, nay he will often speak ill of his friends and kinsfolk, and of the dead, calling slander plainspeaking or the democratic spirit or independence,' and preferring this among all the
I, I
;
'
'
'
'
'^
'
pleasures of
life.
XXIX. FRIENDSHIP
WITH RASCALS
;
Friendship with Rascals is a sympathy with vice and the Friend of Rascals he that will seek the company of unsuccessful litigants or persons found guilty
Cf. Ar. Pax 980, Thesm. 790, 797, Men. 546 K. or every 8th Dec. -Jan. (the M^ashing would be ritual) day of December ?
"
*
:
"
Cf.
Andoc.
4. 17.
^^
inss
/caf.a;?
\iy(Lv
see Char.
1 li>.5
XXVII
^iXoTTocias here,
b li:
for the i.ate addition' in ms for this Char.) ** E, similar forms below cf. Arist.
^^
"
(the only
^^
dKpeXrjK.
117
THEOPHRASTUS
Kal
3
VTroXajx^dveiv
eav
tovtols
XPl'^^''
^.ixTTupoirrl
rot?
<Kal>
/cat
eTTLaKibijjai^
Se
'Q.s
XRV^"^^^
icm.
Kal
rov
rd fxev aAAa opLoXoyeZv dXiqdrj avTOu Xeyeadat vtto rwv dvdpcoTTcov, eVta Se
ev(f)vi)
Kal <f>iXiraLpov
Kol
5
intSe^Lov
Kal
Siareivecrdat
drdpcoTTO)
Se
vnep
avrov
Kal
CO?
OVK
eTTt
ivrervx^jKCV
eti'at
tKavajTepo).
evvovs Se
StKaarrjpiov'
Kal
npos
<tovs
dvhpa aAAa to 7Tpdyp,a KpiveaOai^- Kal (firjaac avTov Kvva eivat rod St]p,ou, (fivXamiv^^ yap avTov Tovg dStKowra?' /cat etVeti' a? Ovx ^op,v tov vrrkp rdjv kolvow avveTraxdt'CrO-qaop.evovs ,^^ dv rovg
ToiovTOV? TTpoojpieda.
6 (j>avX(i}V'
SetP'o?
Se
iv
/cat
TTpoararfjdai
irrl
Kal
avveSpevaaL
StKaar-qpcoLS
Kpiaiv Kpivcov
e'/cSe';!^eCT^at
\
: :
ijis
yiverai
cf.
||
(*/')
Kal
(pr)(xli'
J\ast
:
V
et's
-(TKri\j/ai,
IT
but
iirLXpoiVTiv
*
*
xvi.
2
*
'
Naber
Schn
*
'
Meier Meier
V.
:
V V
Diels
:
Foss
L.
^^
i.atk .auditiox: Kal to oXov i) (piKoTTOV^Tjpyla ddeXcpT] Cctl ttjs irov-qplas. Kal aX-qdes eari to t^s
TrapoifjiLas,
E Y
17 {avepooTTou) avvaxOeadrja.
"
V ayvoeiv
16
fin.
(pijcrai
7rpocrKa6rj/j.evos
cf.
Alciphr.
(3.
19)
^^
118
CHARACTER XXIX
of crime, and suppose that their acquaintance will make him a man of the world and somebody to be afraid of.** Over the grave of an honest man he
''
So they say,' and add No man is honest,' or We're all alike and when he says What an honest fellow,' it is a gibe. He declares of a scoundrel that he is a man of independent character if one shall only try him and albeit he admits that all they say of him is
will
'
remark,
'
As honesty
'
goes,' or
'
'
'
there are some things,' says he, they he is a man of parts, a good companion, and able too nay, will have it he has never met a more competent being. He is sure, moreover, to 'take his part when he has to pass scrutiny before the Assembly ^ or stand his trial at law indeed at such a time he is like to remark to his neighbours, We should judge the act and not the person,' and to say that the man is the people's watchdog for he keeps off evil-doers and declare We shall have nobody to share our burdens for the public good if we throw over such men as this.' He is prone also to stand patron to worthless foreigners ^ to form juntas on a juiy in the support of bad causes and when he is hearing a case,* to take the words of the parties in their worst sense.-''
'
'
'
'
'
"
'
evil
communications
'
cf.
Diog. L.
"
<^
Thuc. ii. 34.. 8, Dem. 18, 285. As a magistrate, envoy, or the like. Resident foreigners were required to have a citizen as guarantor or legal representative. ' Certain kinds of cases went before a single judge as
For
this use of
iiri cf.
"*
with us. ' Or accept the evil insinuations of the parties to the suit. LATE ADDITION In fine. Friendship with Rascals is sister to rascality, and true is the saying like to Uke.'
:
'
119
THEOPHRASTUS
AISXPOKEPAEIAS
'H
Se
A'
KepSovg
alaxpoKepheid
(JTL
iariv
7Ti,dvfXLa^
alaxpov,^
Trap'
rw
diavefJLOVTL
SiSoudai,
/cat
oLvottojXcov
6
KKpap.evov tov
arro-
S6a9ai-
/cat 7rt
ddarpov oi
ro
jxev
e/c
dearpcbvai.^
rrjs
/cat
drroSrjfiaJv
SrjjjLocTLa
TToAeco?
(f)68tov
olkol
KaraXiTTelv,
napd 8e
rco
rcbv
crvfJiTTpeaf^evTCov
f.LeL^ov (jiopriov
havit,eadai'^
/cat
dKo(f)petv
Xovdoj
iTnOeZvaC
t)
Swarat
/cat
to juepo? to
iv
avTov dTraiTiqaas
aTToSoo^af
/cat
dXi(f>6[jLevos
tw
c5
^aXaveioj}^
TraiSdpiov ,^^
eTrploj
Cob:
wepiovcria
Nav. SUgg.
14-15, 17-end, introd. p. 12) <Kai tovtov fiiKpov}, cf. Arist. Eih.
:
N. iv. 3. 1122 a 2 {tovtov wTitten tov and then whole line ^ Cor eaOiuv of arch, lost by tt^A ?) TTjVLKavTa from teu't of arch., others ijviK av derj from marg. Cold var.), Ty}viKavTa being lost before they were copied * fTTi dfOLTpoov, others oi dearpQvai (i.e. eni 6iaTpov in marg. arch., whence V"s ancestor corrected, incompletely, oi deaTpwfai ) HoU. eTnOearpoi', cf. Bull. Corr. Hell, xriii,.
120
CHARACTER XXX
XXX. MEANNESS
Meanness
is
"
and the
;
entertains his friends to to a feast, not to set enough bread before them borrow of a stranger that is staying in his house to say as he carves the meat that the carver deserves
;
''
when he
a double portion, and help himself without more ado and when he is selling his wine, to sell it watered to his friend. He chooses those days to take his sons to the play when the lessees of the theatre throw it open for nothing.'' When he goes into foreign parts on the public service, he leaves at home the travel-money given him by the State, and borrows, as occasion demands, of his fellow-ambassadors loads his lackey Avith a greater burden than he can well carry, and of all his fellows feeds his man the worst and even demands his share of the presents they receive, in order to sell them. When he is anointing himself at the baths he cries The
;
'
oil
"
is
is
rancid,'
'
Perhaps in small things has fallen out; Meanness' not quite low enough, but it is not avarice. At a club dinner or the like, where expenses are shared. ' Or perhaps throw open the upper rows for nothing.
''
* -^evbvrwv Savdcraa-dai 'soV: HH, cent. iii. B.C. some mss others eiTi.d. ix. (p. (I.e. iwid. raarg. arch.) prefer the old variant twv iKavLop and some omit vapix^i-''
(i.e.
dWuv
Kal
?) t(2
Trap^xf'"
dirb
Twu (lost by
add
marg.
* some mss omit Kal marg. arch.) ^^ mss from under tQv Uavwu) ^^ Reiske V only TraiS'p, others eirpiu (from iraidapiu} (from ro? dX\oTpi({) below)
tt/SX
121
THEOPHRASTUS
9
Kal
iv
rcop
evpiGKo/xevajv
68ols^
)(aXKa)V V7t6
OLTTaLrrjaaL
Tcbv
otKeroJi'
rats
Seivos
10
11
to jxepo^, kolvov eivat (f)'qaas top e/cSoui'at TrXCuat Kal 'Kpurjv Kal doLfjLOLTLov^ irXelovs Xp'r]adpLVOS Trapd yvcopLpiov etfyeXKvaai^ o.v Kal rd roiaura** ecu? aTratriqOfj. -qpiipas tov TivvhaKa eluKeKpovpevo)^ OeiScDi'toj' fierpcp jierpeiv avros rots evhov a(f)68pa 8e aTTOiftaJv rd
12 eTTLTifjheLa''
13
VTroTrptaadai
^iXov^-
Sokovvtos irpog
dfxeXeL^
rpoTTOv
TTioXelv
eTTt^aXcov
dTToSoadai.
14
Se Kal )(P^og^ aTroStSoi)? rpidKovra [xvow eXarTov Kal rajv vlojv 8e fj,r] rerpaSpdxP'^p^^ drroSovvai.
els to StSaaKaXeiov tov fxrjva dXov dppoidTLav ^' a^atpelv tov fitadov Kara Xoyov, Kal TOV ' AvdeaTrjptojva pcrjva fxrj 7TfX7TLV avTOVs et? Ta pbadrnxara Std to ^e'as" elvai noXXd's, Iva pLTj TOV jxiadov eKTivrj- Kal irapd TratSos" Kop.i^6fjLCVos d7TO(f)opdv, TOV ;;(aA/<:ou Trjv eTTiKaTaXXay-qv Trpoaa7TaLTLV, Kal Xoyiapiov 8e Xap-^dvajv Trapd TOV ^^eipit^ovTOS <Tov dpyvpiov> ." Kal (jjpdropas ioTLaJv aLTelv^* toIs eavTov Tzatoti^ e/c tov kolvov oijjov, Tct Se KaraXeLTTopieva drro TTJg Tparre.l,rjg
Tropevofievojv
8ta
Tr]v
15
16
KovovvTes TTatSes
^
p^rj
Xd^ojai.
6.,
avvanoS-qp^aJv
r.
6.
8e
VTTo
T.
oiKelwv iv
T.
others eV
vwo
^ *
t.
:
oIktu>v
{i.e.
cf.
Mein
if/..
ant
cf.
^
mss
also
(t4>.
(peidofiivui
'
E{k for
most mss
^
ckk.
iyK.
Se
Ambr.
but omits
(see
<T(p.
others rd
e. (T<p.
dwoaTruiu
(i.e.
a-rr.
in
marg. arch.)
.
E:
:
rass <pi\ov,
*
compds. of
eiTLX.
. .
viro
in this sense
take accus.
.
.
dfi^Xei,
ttwX.
vi^Xe'iadai
122
CHARACTER XXX
his servants find ha'pence in the " and claim Shares in thy luck his part and to put out his coat to wash and borrowing a friend's, keep it for days till it be asked
is
He
apt also,
:
when
'
streets, to cry
'
These things likewise will he do measure out his household's corn with his own hand, using a Pheidonian measure " with a knocked-in bottom and striking it off very even buy a thing too cheap from a friend offer to sell a guessed quantity sell above the market. This fellow, I warrant you, will pay a debt of fifty pound half-a-crown short if his sons go not to school the full month because of the sickness, will reduce their school-money accordingly will keep them from their lessons all the month of February because there are so many festivals, so that he may save the fee. Receiving hire-money from a servant, he demands the discount on the copper and coming to a reckoning with his steward, requires the premium on the silver.** When his fellow-clansmen dine under his roof he will beg meat from the common table for his servants, and yet note down the half-radishes left over from the dinner to prevent the hired serving-men carrying them off.
back.^
:
Hermes (God of gain) is common (to both). Cf. Diog. L. vi. 62. ' i.e. obsolete (and smaller). '^ The servant works at a trade and pays his owner for the right to do so the steward or manager is entrusted with money from his owner's chest.
"
"
Lit.
introd. p. 93)
iin^aXicv
Ussnig
:
XP^V 0^
cf.
^'^
^^
SUgg.
HoU
{dpayixals corr. to
5payfj.Qi>
B), Terpadpax/J-v in
^^
some
i*
and
e'crr.
atV.
^*
pa(p.
ijixiaea
rifjuppa(f>avi5ia ?
123
THEOPHRASTUS
17
fjiera yvojpLfJLOJV
ava<f)epeLV els
ro
Koivov Tov
18
fjiiaOov.
djjLeXet
8e
/cat
avvayovrcov Trap'
SeSofievcov
/cat
iavro) ^vXojv
VTrodeZvai
/cat
rcov
Trap'
eavrov
(f)aKa)v /cat
eAatou
rcov
rod
els
rov
Xv^vov
tva
yafxovvros
rivog
19 (j)iXojv
/cat
dTToSTjfxrjaaL,
/cat
20 /xi^t'
7Tpo(J(j)opa.v
irapd
rojv
yvcopipLOJV
fJ.rjr^
roiavra
KL)(paadaL
dv aTTaLrrjaai
o.v
aTTohiSovrcov raxdcos
dv rig Kopiaairo.
^
Siebenkees
Cf.
'
Pk. 55.
124
CHARACTER XXX
If
men he
knows, he
will
use of their servants and let out his own without placing the hire-money to the common account. Should his club meet at his house," needless to say he will put down to the common account the fuel, lentils, vinegar, salt, and lamp-oil which he provides.* When a friend or a friend's daughter is to be married, he is hke to go into foreign parts some time before the wedding to avoid the giving of a present. And all his borrowings from his acquaintance are such as you would never ask back nor readily accept the return of were it offered you.
make
Such things would usually be left out of the reckoning ; for the genitive cf. Plat. Gorg. TavT7]s r^s evepyeaias 860 dpax/^as eirpd^aTo, Xen. Cyr. iii. 1. 37 dirdyov tovs Traioas
''
fJLTjdev
avrOiv /caramel's.
125
INDEX
A.P.
:
Academy, '20 a public garden at Athens vvliere Plato taught, ami which gave its name to his school ol philosophy
Aeschines,
B.C.
38, 55, 59
;
Archias, 50 Aristippus,
orator, 350
Peripatetic philosopher,
Aristophanes (Ar.),
;
Affability, Self-seeking, 50
8, 40, 45, 48, 50, 56-7, 60, 04, 66, 74, 80-1, 84, 86,
Alcibiades, 6
statesman, pupil of Socrates Alciphron, 47, .50, 59, S9-90, 110, US; writer of fictitious letters, a.d.
150
410 B.C.
B.C.
Andocides, 55,
400 B.C.
orator,
AndronTcus, 30; Peripatetic philosopher, 50 B.C. Antipater, 5, 100 regent of Macedonia after Alexander's death in 323 he died aged 78 in the spring of 319 B.C. Antiphanes, 116 writer of comedy, 365 B.C. Antisthenes, 7 ; Cynic philosopher, 330 B.C. the festival of the Apaturia, 48 phratries,' at which Athenian fathers enrolled tlie children born within the year Apollo, 81 Arcesilaiis, 3, 7, :!9, 87 philosopher, founder of the 'Middle' Academy about 270 B.C.
; ; ; ;
'
Arrogance, 102 Artemis, 66 Asclepius (Aesculapius), 94 a great physician after Homer, the god of healing
; ;
Asia, 100 Assembly, The, 48, 55, 58, 73, 10 110, lis Atarneus, 10; a city of Caria in Asia Minor, ruled about 350 B.C. by Aristotle's friend Hermeias Athena, SO
,
7, 8, 81, 88, 97, 116; writer of miscellanies, a.d. 220 Athenian, 3, 94, 115
Athenaeus,
Athens,
3, 5, 10,
43
b,
114
floruit,
127
THEOPHRASTUS
Boorishiiess, 48
Branch, 92
Brave Man, The, 8 Butfoonery, 69, 73 Byzantium, 94 the Greek city on the Bosporus later known as Constantinople
;
of the chief seats of the worship of Apollo, to whom, or to certain other gods and heroes, a youth dedicated the childish locks
off
when he
Callimachus, 96, 114; poet, 'JTOb.c. Callisthenes, 101 philosopher and historian nephew aud pupil of Aristotle he accompanied Alexander to Asia, tell out of favour because of his outspokenness, and charged with complicity in a plot against his life, was put to death by him in 327 B.C. Camozzi, 31 Casander, 5, 63 son of Antipater, and after his death associated with Antigonus against Eumenes
; ; ; ;
81, 87, 95-6, 101, 106, 119; the great Atljeuian orator and statesman, 340 B.r. Dej<pvt, The, in Herorhitm, 9 Didache, 19 Didyraus, 7 grammat Jan, 30 b.c.
;
Diels, 31, 32
Cynic
5-8,
philo-
3, 10, 20, 37, 39, :.l, 55, 63, 74, 80, 82, 87, 92, 96-7, 99, 101, 113, 114-15, 118-19,
122-23; biographer, a.d. 220 Dionysia, 4(i, 48, 109 Dionysius (II.), tyrant of Syracuse, 367-343 B.C. Disreputable Man, The WiJfuUy, 52 Disse.mhling, 38, 40 Di.trnstfulness, 84
Roman
orator
and philosopher, 60 B.C. Clark, A. C, 19, 20 Cleanthes, 114; Stoic philosopher, 290 B.C. Complaisance, 51 Coivardice, 4, 6, 8, 104 Crannon, 10 Grantor, 3 philosopher of the Old Academy, 280 b.c. Cyzicus, 94 ; a Greek city on tlie
;
350 B.C. EpicQrus, 23 philosopher, 300 B.C. Eresus, 10 Ethiopian, 92 Euandros. See Evander Eucleides of Megara, 6 (?) philosopher, founder of the Megarian School, 410 B.C. Eucleides (EticUd), 6 (?) mathematician, 300 B.C. EumC-nes, 39 one of Alexander's generals and chief secretary. See
; ; ; ;
Casander
Eupolis, 114; writer of comedy 410 B.C. CO, Euripides, 105 writer of tragedy, 440 b.c Europe, 100 Eurydice, 5, 37 ; a princess of the royal hou.se of Macedon, wife of Philip (III.) Arrhidaeus Eustathius, 8; grammarian and historian, a.d. 1160 Evander, 100 Ezra, 19
;
Propontis
Damippus, 46 Danaids, The, the 91 fifty daughters of Danaiis, who for slaying their husbands at the
;
of their father were in Hades to pour water into a vessel full of holes Date of the Characters, 10 Delphi, 92 ; a city of Phocis, one
command
doomed
128
INDEX
Fabricitis, 30 Flattery, 9, 42
mss
of
the
Characters), 28 Inscriptions, 66, 116, 120 Interpolations, see Late Additions Isocrates, 63, 78 ; orator, 390 b.c.
Jebb, 8, 31, 32
Josephus, 20
A.D. 75 Juvenal, 19 100
;
Jewish
historian,
Grumbling, 82
Healey, J., 51; author of the first English translation of the Characters, published in 1616 Hecate, 82 Hephaestus, 111 Heracleides of Pontus, 6, 7, 82 Peripatetic philosopher and grammarian, 340 b.c. Heracles, Feast of, 112
Roman
satirist, a.d.
K = Kock,
HercukmeHsium
lectio
Volwininum ColTertia, 11 ancient books found at Herculaneum, published 1914. See Papyri Hermaphrodites, 81-2 images of the bi-sexual combination (or,
; ;
Lacedaemon, 58, 94, 97 Late Additions to the text of the Characters, 42, 46, 48, 56, 62, 78, S3, 110-12, 116, 118. See also pp. 37, 55, 58, 67 Late- Learning, 110
Leipzig, Philologische Gesellschaft zu, 31, 32 Lesbos, 10 ; a large island of the
some accounts, to child) of Hermes and Aphrodite this is the earliest actual mention of the cult, though Aristophanes spoke of Aphroditus, cf. Macr. Sat. iii. 8. 2 Hermes, 81, 122 Hermippus, 8 biographer, 240 b.c. Herodas, 62, 58, 122 writer of mimes in iambic verse, 250 B.C. Herodotus, 9 ; historian, 445 B.C. Heroes, Feasts of the, 110 Hesiod, 81 poet, 720 B.C. ?
according
; ; ; ;
E. Aegean Libya, 39
romance-writer,
56 rhetorician
Luclan,
and
head of the Peri3, 6, 113 patetic School, 245-225 B.C. the Spartan general Lysander, 58 who took Athens in 404 b.c Lysias, 48, 52, 70, 86, 112, 115 Attic orator, 405 B.C.
Lycon,
;
Hesychius, 7, 81 lexicographer A.D. 450 Hibeh Papyri, 19 fragments of ancient books and other documents found by B. P. Grenfell
; ;
Macedonia,
Machon, 116
and
A.
S.
Hunt
at
;
Hibeh
in
Egypt, published in 1906 Hippias of Elis (?), 19 sophist, mathematician and writer on music, 440 B.C. Homer, 20 Housman, A. E., 10 Hymettus, 94 a mountain near
;
Athens
10, 63, 100 writer of comedy, 280 B.C. Macrobius, 7 ; Roman grammarian and writer of miscellanies, a.d 400 Magnificent Man, The, 9 Meanness, 5, 120 Megara, 9 Melite, 92 (1) not Malta, but a small island off the coast of Illyricum (Albania), home of a breed of lap-dogs ; (2) a part of (an Athenian, reading Athens
; ; ;
129
THEOPHRASTUS
of "Branch, of Melite"
would "
MeAtraios recall " So-and-so of Melite MeAirevs a description of many of his fellow-citizens)
grams
"
embodying
earlier
com-
Menander,
9,
10,
60, 63, 75, 78, 102, 104, 109, 114-15, 116-17, 125 ; writer of comedy, 300 b.c. Milk-Feast, The, 94 ; Athenian fes-
Papyri, 11,
97
12, 19,
20,
32,
52, 94,
;
Paroemiographi Graeci, 53
a col-
lection of collections of
Greek
apparently a part of the Piraeus Mother of the Gods, 94 Muses, Feast of the, 98 a festival held in the schools, to which the boys would contribute the cost
;
ad.
of the sacrifice Musk House. See Odeum Mysteries, The, 41), 83 tlie Greater M., held by tlie Athenians at
;
Peripatetic School, 3, 7, 10, 20, 30 the school of philosophy founded by Aristotle in the Lyceum at
Bleusis in the autumn, celebrated the descent of Persephone to Hades and the search of Demeter for her daughter with torches Mytilene, 10 a city of Lesbos
;
Athens
Persians, 96
NastiTuss, 86
Navarre,
Newsmaking,
Nicolaus, 38
32 60 writer of tragedy and comedy, 300 b.c. Nine Springs, The, 78 a famous fountain at Athens
30, 31,
;
3, 5,
Odeum, 46
; a circular music-hall built by Pericles at the S.E. corner of the Acropolis at Athens
Officiousncss, 72
Oligarch, The,
4, 9,
108
Opsimathy, 110
Orators, The Attic, 111 Orpheus, 82 around this name a famous cult arose in sixth-cen;
Athens even before the of Theophrastus it had into some disrepute through the charlatanism of
tury
;
time
fallen
the "initiators" or priests, but it survived to the 4th cent. a.d. Oxyrhynchus Papyri, 11, 19, 108 fragments of ancient books and other documents found by B. P.
;
Petronius, 88 Roman writer of "satire" or miscellany, a.d. 60 Petty Pride, 92 Pheidon, 122 ; king of Argos c. 650 B.C. and supjiosed originator of a system of weights and measures which in the time of Theophrastus was out of date Philodemus, 11, 12, 20, 96; philosopher and poet, 00 B.C. Pirrkheymer, 31 Plato, 114 ; writer of comedy, 420 B.C. Plato, 6, 9, 10, 19, 58, 64, 73, 86, 107, 108, 112, 114, 125 ; the philosopher, 380 B.C. Plutarch, 7, 53, 111, 122 biographer and essayist, a.d. 85 Poe, E. A., 55 Pollux (Polydeuces), 45 ; lexicographer, A.D. 70 Polybius, 114 historian, 175 B.C. Polycles, 5, 6, 37, 38 ; perhaps to be identified with the adviser of Eurydice, wife of Philip IIL Porch, The Painted, 42, 47, 63 ; a colonnade at Athens which was a favourite public lounge and gave its name (Stoa) to the Stoic
; ; ;
(irenfell
and
in
A.
S.
still
Hunt
in
in
Egypt
1897,
course
its
founder
of publication
130
INDEX
Pretentioiistiess, 4, 5, 98
Proem, 28
Socrates, 6 ; the great Athenian philosopher, 440 B.C. Sophocles, 10 Sosias, Sosistratus, Sosidemus ; 115 Sparta. See Lacedaemon Speusippus, 20 nephew and pupil of Plato, whom lie succeeded as head of the Academy (347-339
;
Qiierulousness, 82
B.C.)
Stageira, 10
Raleigh, Walter, 8 Rhinthon, 9(3 writer of burlesque tragedy, 290 B.C. Ithodes, 94 a large island of the
;
Stemma Manuscriptorum,
30
ff.
11,
26,
Stilpo,
Megarian philosopher,
;
S.
Aegean
;
fragments of Rylands Papyri, 19 ancient books and other documents found in Egypt and preserved in the Rylands Library published by at Manchester,
A. S.
geographer, a.d. 1
Hunt
1911-15
poet, 275 B.C. ; 3-10, 12, 20, 31, 37,
Sabazius, 80, 112 ; a Phrygian god whose orgiastic cult was new at Athens in the time of Aristophanes, votaries and whose marched through the streets carrying snakes Sacred Gate, The, 7t5 ; a gate of
Theophrastus,
78
;
Theseus, 110 legendary king and chief hero of Athens Thnician, 114 , Thucydides, US; historian, 430 B.C. Thurii, 96>; a Greek city of Italy Tibeius, 64
Timon, 78
Title of the Book, 36, 78
which stood between the Inner and Outer Cerameicus, the latter
used as a place of burial Sandys, 31, 32 Sappho, 10 the poetess, 600
;
Tyrtamus, 10
Unconscionable Man, The,
0,
63
B.C.
Satyrus, Peripatetic philoG sopher, 220 B.C. Scallywag, The, 52 Scholiast, 54, 62, 96 =-ancient commentator whose notes are preserved in some of our mss of
; ;
Man,
The, 52
Greek authors
Self-seeking Affability, 50
philosopher, Xenocrates, 20, 101 pupil of Plato, and liead of the Academy from 339 to 314 b.c.
Xenophon,
70,
73,
96
;
Silenus, 6
Zeno of
Dionysus
Smoothboot, The, 51
Cltiiim, 20, 36 the founder of the Stoic philosophy, 310 B.C. Zeus, 76, 85J
;
131
GREEK INDEX
alp<rea.i,
cLKpoSpva, 68
afie'Aei, 4, 6,
vovftijt'taj' a'yet,
50
avajcvrTTOVTO^, 104
aTTiSto, 44 , , 'Api(7TO<ia>i'T0S, riji' ctt ^rticie, rft, 51, 103
,
>
58
aCTKOS 7r'\6KUS, 53
ovKoiii'Se,
114
Baby-langnage, 58
roAoIca, 94 Genitive, The, 125
Seivos, 4
SioLiretpav Xafj-Pdveiv, li
naA/aiv
Mai'Tiic^, 19
Trai'^yupi?, 8
jrai'Ovp'j'toJi', f'O
jr^1)
TTfpinetv, (li
Kv^iKov, 94
TrivaKa, 80
77i'cr<n)s.
itKofcjicVwis 110
fioKOVl'TOS TTpbs TpOTTOU, 1--
76
116
no<rei6u)i'OS j)/ie'pa,
0(T(o'
eiKocrtai, 6
eU, 111
evSefca \iTais. 112 inC, 119 eiTiBiarpov, 120 77tKaTaAAay>7V, 122
eTriKprjJrlSa?",
44
50
e7rt<TTaA^i.aTa,
7rixp<drr)v,
t</)eAicv<rai,
94
78 122
to,
100 6
ooi/iTTOcJiaicai (punrjaeii,
crvfayfiv
^os, KO-TaPaXiyv
60
eiri,
74
(rucro'iTtor,
cr<|)U^eo'^<it,
64 88
120
crxoAacTTiKOS, 8
Iva, 4
ToXavra
&e,
cicreveyKafie'iT),
116
Indicatives, 5
Kal KOKOjv
114
60
<^eiSop.v<o
and
100
*eiSu)n'a>' ^22
Kipap-ov, 54
(cXtvas,
^/fijf^TJcrat,
flvpai',
50
ijfvxn,
a>9 opcu
11*
Ka^iv, 4 78
infinitive, 4
50
avSpcoi'Ta, 11-
ca<roi^t,
jxojcpbi'
p.i.(riiv,
40
Mcrre
and
132
HERODES, CERCIDAS
AND
KNOX
PREFACE
My aim has been to group together various ^vriters whose works, from a similarity of metre, are conliterature on
;
nected with the study of Herodes. With the general Herodes I have recently kept fairly well
abreast and if for other writers there are errors of acknowledgement and oversights I can only plead that every the schoolboy's argument of tu quoque continental winter on Herodes (with the exception of R. Herzog) produces conclusions, readings and illustrations which may be found in the Cambridge edition to which presumably he has not access.^ My list of acknowledgements is very large. As
:
owe very much to King's College, which enabled me to work many years unencumbered
to institutions, I
to the
Cambridge Press,
:
which has been exceedingly generous in other ways to the Bodleian and in the matter of copyright and to the Classical Library and British Museum Review, Philologus and Phil. Wochenschrift, which have enabled me to compress introductions and contro:
^ On the other hand I have not neglected to view all the papyri which I pubHsh. There is one anecdotum below but I do not publish a photograph, since after having three separate exposures taken I have failed completely to secure a picture which distinguishes between ink and brown
discolorations.
PREFACE
To individuals my debt is great far greatest to Mr. Milne of the British Museum, whose extraordinary skill in palaeography has recreated one -wTiter and provided many valuable new readings
versial matter.
:
in others.
similar debt
owe
to
Mr.
Bell,
on
points of papyrology to Mr. Lamacraft of the British Museum, and on one matter to Prof. W. Schubart. I have had the benefit of discussion on several vital and I have to thank for points with Mr. E. Lobel courteous or useful communications Prof. P. Grooneboom, Dr. Hunt, Mr. J. U. Powell, Prof. Cronert of Baden, Prof. Collomp of Strassburg, Sir Frederic Kenyon, and Prof. R. Herzog, and of Cambridge scholars, Mr. E. Harrison, Prof. Pearson, Mr. Rackmain debts ham, Dr. Nairn, and Prof. Adcock. to Kenyon and Mr. J. T. Sheppard are of the past but in this way I owe an even larger debt to the dead, first to Dr. Walter Headlam (Cambridge edition of Herodas, 1922), and secondly to the researches of Dr. Gerhard of Heidelberg. At the last moment I have been fortunate enough to secure the expert assistance of Professor Bilabel of Heidelberg, whose careful work has far outweighed in value the little I could do in a brief stay. Throughout the authors dealt with present problems of a controversial character, where it is impossible to sit on a fence and I have tried to express my \-iews in full elsewhere, and in this book to take a bold and consistent line. For this reason much that has been Avritten helps but little. As most of the >\Titers included are poets or verseWTiters (too many, I fear, of the second category) and as, after all, the most important raw material of poetry or verse is metre, I have occupied some of
;
My
PREFACE
the available space in the discussion of the iambic metre, the various types of which are not yet recognized. For general information on matters of life or philosophical ideas the reader should consult (according to the author) Headlam's notes on Herodes or Gerhard's edition of Phoenix of Colophon. On various archaeological details a small edition of Hero(n)d(a)s by R. Herzog may be consulted always with the proviso that the author has not yet sufficiently reconsidered many of the errors of Crusius. For all this the text is good and up-to-date. There is an attractive edition of Herodes (Mimes 1-6) by P.
:
Italian,
wholly different. Just as on the great arterial roads of England the traveller by night receives warning of pitfalls by an intricate system of red lamps, so these may serve for warning to the student or editor. But it is unhappily only too possible to see the warning signal and yet to end in the ditch. I have used the translation to give frankly my own idea of the character of the author. Where little metrical skill or individuality is shown I have used prose where the metre is striking or impressive I have used metre and in order to restrain metrical discussion within a reasonable limit have given, in general, the metre of the original. The attempt to reproduce the metrical mastery of Hipponax is, of course, a failure and it is impossible to represent the tripping quality of Phoenix' work in a metre so unfamiliar to English ears as the lame iambus (ending with three long syllables). The advantage rests with Cercidas, whose very accurate metre is at the same time of a kind which is or could be used
:
PREFACE
nowadays, and deserves a
nietrist of the class of
W.
A. D. Knox.
CoURNSWOOD, hughendzn,
Bucks.
permitted the luxury of meeting advance. My translation of Herodes is unlike Spenser from whom I have borrowed many words. But for each mistake I will produce one from Herodes and another from his copyist. The structure of the sentence is but so is that of Herodes. Again, it is often modern almost unintelligible. But it was two or three years before the Greek scholars of Europe made any headway in the The spelling adopted is a matter interpretation of Herodes. of necessity if we are to suggest the existence of pure Attic
^
Perhaps
may be
some
critics
in
and (like drjiroidcv) in an Ionic dress (5rjKot.dev) inconsistency of spelling is necessary in translating an author, who, alone of all Greeks who dealt with every-day speakers, allowed the use of any or every form or scansion of words {e.g. Keiuo^, (Kelfos, iiylt], iiyieir], kt\.) even from the lips of the vulgar. Again, I may be accused of giving too many or too few principle has conjectural " supplements " in my text. been to complete standard phrases and insert necessary Further, the text of particles and formations of words. Herodes, at least, has not so much been read by palaeoand where subsequent graphers as guessed by scholars investigation by palaeographers has found many confirmatory traces, I give the whole guess. To give less would be sheer pedantry.
words
:
My
CONTENTS
PAGE
List of Abbreviations
x
xi
General Introduction
HIPPONAX
Introduction
2
:
14
Uncertain Books
:
20 20 32 44
.
Uncertain Books
50 54 60 62
ANANIUS
HERODES
Introduction
I.
II.
III.
CONTENTS
PAGE
VI. \ll.
Vm.
The Dream
IX. Breaking Fast X.-XIII. Smaller Fragments XIV. Fragment (in Latin) attics
from Cn.
176 177 180 180
181 183
CERCIDAS
Introduction
I
II
III
IV
V
VI Fragments
Appendix Cercidea
189 190 194 200 206 210 212 218 222 228
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
EupoLis
242
:
242 246
248 253 262 266 266
The
Profiteers
CONTENTS
PAGE
Rhinthon
ASCLEPIADES OF SaMOS Apollonius of Rhodes
,
Parmeno
Hermeias Charinus
?)
268 268 270 272 274 274 276 276 276 278 278 282
:
Anon.
I
ap.
Pseudo-Callisthenem
Introduction
II
Oracle
...
:
Fragments 11-21
Proverbs
(a)
(b)
334 336
342 344 348 350 352 354
359
Sayings
Addenda
INDEXES
I.
Proper Names
Doubtful, Unusual or Corrupt Words and Uses
II.
364
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Bgk. = Bergk Schnw. = Schneidewin
Cr.
F.D.
= quis
(?)
= Crusius
Wilam. = Wilamowitz
Kal. = Kalinka P. = The Papyrus R. = Rutherford Mn. = Milne K. = Kenyon
Herw. = Herwerden
= Bilabel K.-Bi. see page 229 Byz. = Byzantine version Arm. = Armenian version Mull. = Muller (Carolus)
Bi.
:
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
the authors whose remains are collected below, and apart from the writers of one or two isolated fragments, Herodes possesses for us still the greatest interest. Yet this interest is in the main due partly to a misconception and partly to a mere chance. It is chance that has presented to us a papyrus which in length and preservation is unmatched except by those of Hyperides, Aristotle {Resp. Ath.) and Bacchylides. It was chance that gave the papyrus to the modern world before the lesser and incomplete papyri of Menander. And it is a malign chance that has given us Herodes when we might have had so much more of Hipponax or Callimachus' Iambi, or the whole of Cercidas' meliambi. This introduction is forced to view and measure other writers from the standpoint of Herodes but this is merely because we live " not as we wish but as chance drags us," not because there should now be any misapprehension as to the merits of Herodes'
:
Of
work.
By common consent one of the greatest of Greek poets was Hipponax,^ who was the founder of cholHis remains were collected by Welcker in a volume Others were added from a British Museum ms. of Tzetzes by Musgrave, by Herwerden and from an
^
easily accessible.
Etymologicum by
Reitzenstein.
The
best collection
is
in
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
iambi ^: for though this title was often given to Ananius of whom we know nothing, yet HippONAx ^j^g absurdity of Ananius' metre and the Ananius poverty of his fragments prevent us from
considering his claim in any serious sense. Hipponax wrote in a simple adaptation of the Ionic plain iambus of his date, merely substituting a final spondee for the final iambus of Archilochus. The metre has always been misunderstood and confounded with the iambus of Attic tragedy with which it has nothing in common. The metre was invented to suit the exceptional bitterness of the man. Of his Hfe we are fairly well informed. He was (Suid. s.v.) Trar/jos ni'^ew (whence Metriche's parentage in Hipponax His mother was Protis. Hrd. Mime I.). A native of Ephesus ^ he was expelled by its tyrants and went to Clazomenae.^ His enmity with the
: and the best abbreviated edition in Hoffmann's Griechische Dialecte, iii. p. 135 (inReitzenstein's addenda). long but not very able cluding discussion of the fragments is given by ten Brink in early
numbers of Philologus. ^ Greek verse is measured by length of syllables, not by The mark ^ is for a short, for a stress (like English).
long syllable.
Breaks
I
{i.e.,
end
of
of sense
groups) are
i
marked
-_^_- _^ _^_^| I
^-^-^ -^ -^I
V.-.
One
or both of the
^ w
There
first
is
breaks are
,
v./
I
The
slight evidence that he may also have permitted himself Such substitutions are alleged in other or w. See Journal of places, but the evidence proves worthless. Cambridge Philological Society, 1927, for a full discussion. ^ Callim. Iamb, passim, Strabo, p. 642, Clem. Al. i. 308. ^ So Sulpicia, v. 6.
is
^w^
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
sculptors Bupalus and Athenis is derived from the insulting statues of him which they made. He must have lived about 550 B.C. (Pliny, N.H. xxxvi. 5). He is said by the author of the Ibis and a commentator on Horace (Epod. 6. 14) to have committed suicide but their accounts do not tally. In person he was small, thin and ugly (Ael. V.H. x. 6), but
:
strong (Ath. 552 c). Such details are in themselves unimportant Even the scanty fragments show that the quarrel with Bupalus was due not to the studied distortions of the latter 's art, but to the natural attractions of his mistress, for whom Hipponax conceived an infatuation. But they are evidence if not of the popularity, at least of the great fame alike of his works and of This fame is further his very unpleasant character. attested by four epitaphs. That of Philippus (A. P. Alcaeus (of vii. 405) scarcely deserves quotation Mitylene), ib. vii. 536, gives us httle Theocritus' (in choliambics) is given below. Leonidas (ib. vii. 408) adds one detail
:
jxi)
rbv iv
vitviji
dvaTravo/j.evoi''
dv/xbs
iv Tjcrvxiy.
'AiOrj.
dXXa
TTpofxriOriaacrOe'
prifxara inifxalveLv
" Quietly pass by the tomb lest ye rouse the bitter wasp that rests there. For but lately has rest been found and quiet for the soul of Hipponax that barked even in Hades even at his parents. But bcM'are
:
(D.)
is
too doubtful
and
xiii
fragmentary.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The subject of so much curiosity and admiration, who inspired two of the world's greatest poets,
Callimachus and Catullus, has
Fa
of
left
us a
HIPPONAX' works
jjjgj.g
hundred verses or
to
them
who
Aeschrion).
the collection or a son oi one copied his style (Lysanias, son of This book we have not we only
:
in./.
so.
We
f
owe
have some few verses quoted by Athenaeus, sometimes misquoted, often misattributed, and usually Even some grammarians, Hke those on corrupt. whose work Hesychius' dictionary rests, had very poor texts though the Etymolog}' has preserved us one or two fine and vigorous lines. Later Tzetzes,
;
out of mere passion for the obscure, has preserved in his commentaries several quotations, haphazard, inaccurate and corrupt we can still thank him for
:
quoting complete hues and sense which has preserved for us of the poet far more than we otherwise might have had. Beyond the shadowy name of Ananius we know nothing perhaps there is nothing to be known of
his habit of
immediate successors. It may be held for certain that for the period ^rth^ when Athens ruled supreme over Greek metre Hterary taste the metre and manner was disused. The development of Greek literature was entirely in a different direction. There is indeed one remark in Aristophanes which shows that even at Athens these two "s^Titers had some readers but it is perhaps even more remarkable that the poet makes an error in attribution. Simultaneously with the fall of Athens as a power, the old styles, subjects, metre& and dialects were revived but with the curious and wholly tj'pical
:
Hipponax'
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Greek
rule that these four ingredients must never be used in the exact and original manner. ^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ until the third century a.d.
Revival
a certain weak reminiscence of the Ephesian sixth - century dialect still flavours the and the writings of those who employ this metre gradual relapse from this dialect is perhaps the surest test of date. The metre of Hipponax was wholly misunderstood and some writers substituted the rhythms of Attic tragedy, preserving only the final spondaic foot. Even CalUmachus, who is the nearest to Hipponax, does not fully represent him and Catullus, the Latin poet who copies Archilochus faithfully, wholly deserts the Ephesian model. As far as subjects go, it is impossible to draw any lines. The metre was used for short poems on all subjects by Phoenix, for dramatic idylls by Herodes, for mythology or the like by Apollonius Rhodius and Pseudo-Calhsthenes, for fables by Babrius,^ for
; :
literary
controversy by Callimachus,^ for the introduction to a moralist anthology by [pseudo-] Cerkidas, and in isolated epigrams by Theocritus and Aeschrion. Of some of these a few words may
be
said.
Aeschrion is said on doubtful authority to have been a younger contemporary of Alexander. His The writers ^^^ Lysanias may be the same as the author of a book on the writers of choloftlie revival, iambics, and this Lysanias a pupil of aeschriom Eratosthenes the son then can hardly have been born before 260 b.c. In this case it
:
^ Not included here. I hope to help to revise Callimachus' Iambi from the papyrus, a task which has not been attempted since Hunt.
XV
"
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
is
a little difficult to accept the statement which Suidas gives on the authority of " Nicander but is generally supposed to rest only on that of Ptolemaeus Chennus. But there appears to be no good grounds for refusing to place his floruit in the Some of his first years of the third century b.c. writings called Ephemerides concerned Alexander
404')
subjects,
frigidity.
were
in
in hexameters (Tz. whether on this or other choliambics and marked by extreme >\Titten
others,
Perhaps a somewhat younger contemporary was Phoenix of Colophon. We are told by Pausanias i. 9- 7, that when Lysimachus destroyed Colophon its dirge was sung by Phoenix, It may be hoped that his dirge did not resemble the plea for Thebes which Pseudo-Callisthenes puts in
, _
the mouth of Ismenias the flute-player. He may have wTitten as early as 280 b.c. He made no effort to copy the metre of Hipponax his metre depends normally on the Athenian stage wTiters. But his short poems possess a certain tinkling elegance and follow closely the Alexandrine method of clothing in new garb hackneyed themes. The short moralistic excerpt quoted in the Anthology of [Cercidas] is considered by Gerhard ^ to display cynicizing tendencies but it contains nothing which miglit not have been prompted by a normal indignation against war profiteers. We cannot conjecture what may have prompted Aeschrion (of Samos or Mitylene) to use this metre but if Phoenix followed his compatriots
; :
:
In his magnificent collection Phoinix von Kolophon (Teubner, 1909), which must be consulted for references to
^
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
to the enlarged city of
at
Ephesus
his
well have been the reason Avhich brought the metre into M'ide prominence. More probable is his intimate connexion with Attica, Avhich is now suggested by a coincidence in his fourth poem. It is, like his other poems, a brief piece of about thirty verses, apparently an elegy on Lynceus. With Professor Cronert we could identify Lynceus with Lynceus of Samos, a contemporary of Menander, mentor of the young Poseidippus (Meineke. Com. Gr. i. p. 458) and writer of Attic comedy, and further, identify Poseidippus of frag. 3 with the comic writer and make Phoenix somewhat junior to Menander. may, I think, go further and identify with certainty the Strassburg papyrus from M'hich this poem is taken as containing some later sheets of
;
hand
and
this accident
may
We
the " Cercidean " anthology. Callimachus (who lived at Alexandria, 260-240),
(more or less his contemporary) and Apollonius Rhodius, who long outli'^^d his instructor Callimachus, need no names Theocritus and Apollonius introduction. perhaps wrote hardly anything in this metre. The same may be true of Asclepiades of Samos who ranks in time with the two first-named. Of Diphilus,^ Parmeno and Hermeias of Curion we ktiow nothing whatever. Others, like Alcaeus of Messene,'^ have We may pass on to two left nothing in this metre. Avriters for us far more important and more disTlieocritus
putable.
The age
^ 2 3
Gerhard, op.
lb. p. 226. lb. p. 206.
xvli
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
of dispute, is now fairly Avell knoAvn. The attack on a disciple of Sphaerus, and the apparent censure of Stoicism as having degenerated since Zeno, would encourage us to place Cercidas in the second half of the third century b.c, when we know a famous Sphaerus to have been one of the diadochi of Zeno. In antiquity Cercidas, who had great weight in the councils of his country, was famed even above other learned poets for his literary enthusiasms. He hoped after his death to meet Pythagoras, Hecataeus, Olympus and Homer the first two books of Homer were to be buried with him. Above all he appears passionately devoted to the Catalogue (Book II.) and the children of his city were compelled to learn it by heart. He boasts of his early devotion to the Muses and it is no very v.ild guess that the anthology of which we have an introduction in choliambics comes from his selection. This theme I have developed in a separate book.^ Whether he is actually the author of the sorry verses which formed the introduction thereto is another question. There is little doubt that Gregory of Nazianzus attributes them to him but equally there is httle doubt that the clumsy and almost random inanities are wholly unworthy of the skilled and competent metrist of the mehambs. If they are by him they are merely some juvenile epistolary doggerel preserved by Parnos to whom they are addressed if not, they are an anon}Tnous introduction to his collection. Wholly different from these are the meUambi. For the most part these are
:
:
It may First Greek Antlmlogist, Cambridge, 1923. dated, on palaeographical grounds, as little later See below on the Strassburg fragment of than 250 b.c. PhoenLx also for the metres of Phoenix and [Cercidas].
^
now be
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
metrically a clever and vigorous combination of the iambic and hexameter metres, each managed in the strictest and most graceful fashion. Whatever view be taken of their contents, in the narrower sense of the word style they are masterpieces. To our taste they suifer merely from their Alexandrinism that is from the adaptation to one purpose of a form ' designed for another use the bombastic verbiage proper in a comedian or the Avriter of a mock cookerybook appears ill to become the gravity of a quite serious philosophy of life and the excellent technique seems to detract from the seriousness of the
: :
:
writer.
Last
and some isolated epigrams ^Herodes or Herodas. The position of Herodes is an eniffma to His immediate audience was moderns. jjg^^^.g the literary world of Alexandria and
Attica in the middle of the third century B.C. Even this may be said with hesitation. There are
several words and ideas which appear to belong to a later literature and life. The mention of an artistic idea the Boy and the Goose ^ associated with Boethus, an artist of the second century a.d., with these may be urged in support of a theory which, while allowing that his mimes were written about the third century b.c, would hold that they were written
dialect (of
a conventional kind)
See below. In this matter Dr. Grooneboom says that the Boy and Goose cannot be derived from Boethus' famous statue But it would be fairer to because Herodes is earlier. say that this is pro tanto an argument for a later date for Herodes.
^
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
about a time long since past, and suffer, like Shakespeare's plays, from anachronisms. If, as appears to be the case. Professor Herzog has rightly identified the temple of Aesculapius at Cos with one Avhich was
replaced about 200 B.C., even so it would be just possible to suppose that the R'th mime rested on literary guide-books. The one solid argument against such a theory is that at no other time would such a method of MTiting have been tolerated or considered that there are certain considerations which connect the Vlllth mime (Herodes' Introduction) with a similar poem by Callimachus in the same metre ; and that such a connexion is incredible in a considerably later writer. Again, on the artistic side in Mime IV. there appear to be allusions to artistic feuds that at a later period may have been buried, and v. 25 suggests a date before 270 b.c. It is useless to discuss further a theory which is rarely if ever heard now except as a protest against too ready assumption that Herodes' date is, within
: ;
limits, certain.^
Of his art many misconceptions are current. The recovery of parts of Mime VHI. should surely dispel these. Herodes puts on realism or doffs it with
^ The only certain date is the superior date. It must have been possible to use the phrase ' demesne of the Oeol
d8e\(poi.' Prof. Herzog has adduced reasons for believing that the phrase may have been used of the first Ptolemy (Soter) and his consort. In the other direction we get no
result. Queen Anne's Mansions tower to-day over St. James' Park; and Queen Anne (like St. James) is dead. If we could be certain that Stobaeus took over the citations of Herodes in his anthology from the old Cercidean anthology, we could be quite certain of a date before 240 B.c.^
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Mime I. is no more, or less, realistic than the Middle or New Comedy Mime 11. which is very different. is sheer parody Mimes III., IV., V. and ^T. have a sort of realism due to their being borrowed from the mime of Sophron.^ Mime VII. is a scene out of Middle Comedy. Mime VIII. is a purely personal even sentimental fantasy. The treatment is, as literary drama, magnificent and may even be compared favourably with that of Lucian, whose methods in
his subject.
_ art His
Where Herodes
suifers
is
in his
He must
Apart from
ically
at all
well-chosen) and his skilful miniature-work, his whole idea is obscurantist. Lucian, it is true, makes his hussies speak in pure Attic but that was intelligible and familiar to his literary audience. Herodes' whole process is one of distortion. The vocabulary is taken from the Attic drama. The structure of the sentence is Attic. Over this is laid a thick coating of Ionic forms taken perhaps largely from corrupt mss of Hipponax. His metre is the more or less loose metre of Attic tragedy, not of old Ionic with variations and licences introduced arbitrarily. Even so Herodes' metrical talent is too small for his task. He is compelled to mix Attic and Ionic forms to suit his metre. A passion for alliteration has the same distressing result. Even with all these loosenesses his metrical ability is
: :
^ At the same time it must be noticed that in IV. we have serious art criticism, not the sillinesses of the poor woman who is supposed to be speaking.
GENERAL INTRODLXTION
at fault and he is compelled constantly to distort sentences in such a manner that all illusion of real conversation is lost still more all illusion of the plain simple tongue of vulgar folk. Where we might expect plain speech, we find a mass of literary allusions with difficulty woven into an unmetrical metre by the medium of an unreal, unstable and imaginary dialect. When Sappho wrote she turned the speech of those about her into poetry of beauty when Herodes ^\Tote he took the stuff of literature and converted it into a thing of ugliness.^
:
briefly,
(6)
The question of criticism of Herodes may be put very (a) The huge notes of Walter Headlam clearly re-
numerous literary sources which Herodes employs. But the negative argument which Headlam never expressed is far stronger. All Greek writers who took their language from the spoken language of one city used an exact and unvarying dialect. When Herodes, as in IV. 72 sqq., uses the variant forms Keiuos and eKeivov in one sentence spoken by one uneducated person he is using an imaginary and unreal language. And this instance is only one of a thousand. In real language, for example, doubtful Where then a word-architect is quantities do not occur. so utterly careless in the choice of his main materials where he romances about his words it is idle to pay any Archaeology has its uses in disattention to his facts. covering the latest date at which he can have written it rvpawos of Ephesus and solve has still failed to discover many other problems. But it will never convince anyone who has studied the regularities of the Attic comedians or many early poets that we have anything but a centoist litterateur writing for effect and with no eye on accuracy of
veal the
' '
J)
speech, facts or details. Just as we know that Herodes' Ephesian boots came out of an Athenian bootmaker's, so at any moment his coins, statues, feasts, chronology or topography may be Attic or Ionic rather than Coan, or again If anyone seriously beAttic or Coan rather than Ionic. lieves Herodes to be a painter from life they must first make his speech realistic; expel aJi doubtful syllables, standardize
xxii
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
When Menander writes we can see an Athenian speaking plain and natural Attic. When Herodes
writes we see an alleged Coan speakina: in ..i . f j ^^^ lonic dialect With many Attic plirases, and his sayings twisted into a clumsy metre. When Herodes tries to hint at a vulgarism he fails grotesquely. His proverbs are often misapplied and from misunderstanding of the proverbdictionary (such as had been collected by Aristotle, Theophrast and doubtless others) he either inserts words belonging to the dictionary, as o/to/ws roiDetailed
errors
.
-,.
'
<Tt.8i)poi'
'
TpwyovcTLv,'
(fyrjcrl
'
and
(/'"'/)
Kvcros
'
^w
TttTrr/s,'
or
omits
words quite
essential to the phrase as belonging to the explanae.g. in Kara /^I'os oXedpov he appears to divide Kara juluoc* oXedpov.^ Quite impossible, in vulgar mouths, are such contortions as dAAa /xr) j3poi'Tojv
tion
ai'Tos (TV
.
. .
rpk\p'i]<;
p-itoy
i<;
(f)vyy]V
rjixa<i,
(f)peLV ocras"
av
ardkv))
and the
like.
Such points are important when we consider the question of Herodes' home, and the period of his
his use of elisions, of_i' (j>\kx'(ttlkov, insist that he should always write i'^v (or ecbi') not just as suits his metre, rule out (as Meister did) all Attic forms, cut out all constructions that savour too much of Attic, and rewrite the Coan mimes in a Dorian dialect. When this task is completed
they can prove that Herodes' borrowings from previous authors (unread by Coan schoolboys and bawds) are really Then we shall consider their claims pure coincidences. There is no evidence whatever of influence of seriously. the KoLvi), and the one Alexandrinism itoKl is probably a
corruption. ^ This, I think,
in
is
and translation I have made the minimum corrections which give any sort of sense.
my
text
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
writing.
As to the
it
first
that he was Athenian for the only clue in Mime VIII. is where he says as we do at the Dionysia and the rite described is one which in all literature is associated with the Athenian villages
'
alone.^ He may have visited Cos (Mimes I. -IV.) perhaps he was familiar with Ephesus (V.-VII.). In either case there were literary reasons for placing his scenes at the homes of Philetas or Hipponax, It is not impossible that he may have lived at Ephesus, since in the Coan mime IV. he is careful to call the nomad Apelles an Ephesian. But his actual home though one is a matter of no moment whatever would like to think that Mime II. was taken from a dull day's duty in the Attic courts, literary evidence is conclusive that it is mere parody of orators Avholly or partially accessible to us. What is important to notice is that among the writers of the third century who used this metre, hardly any are pure Alexandrines. There is a far closer connexion with Attica. Phoenix is the friend of writers of Attic comedy.^ Aeschrion defends a lady of Athenian ill-fame against an Athenian attack. Moschine, an Athenian lady (Philologus, Ixxxi. p. 247), used this metre. Even the use of the metre for the short poem may be due less to Alexandrine canons than to the practice of Hipponax. Only the use of an old form Cercifor new ideas remains typically Alexandrine. das is a Megapolitan and follower (presumably) of Ananius. So Ave are left only AWth Callimachus, whose protests seem to be directed against the Atticism of Hipponax' followers. ^ The Ptolemies introduced Attic rites into Alexandria
:
;
but climatic data preclude an Alexandrian scene. ^ If the view given on p. xvii is right.
xxiv
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The popularity of this metre in the first three centuries a.d.^ extending even to the discovery of
his contemporaries failed perhaps partly due to its We have (besides use by Roman poets. Babrius) a few epigrams in quite vulgar style. Again, the choliambic metre, still more the second half of and the verse, was commonly used in proverbs collectors tended to twist well-known quotations into this form. On the other hand these were again and it is likely to degenerate into pure iambics quite unsafe to take any of these as belonging even probably to early writers. Hipponax perished save as a quarry for the lexicographer and the pedant-poet. Herodes and Phoenix were barely known and little The paltry vcrses of pseudo^'^^d. Alexander Cercidas were known only from their position at the head of a school-thumbed Anthology. Callimachus' Iambi are the least quoted, and now probably the least read of his works. Babrius' fables alone attained a wide public. But those who think of
Herodes
whom
writere
notice
is
Greek writers
as exclusively
'
'
classics,'
and
'
'
classics
as necessarily high-brow,' and vaguely picture a cultured antiquity which read the private speeches of Demosthenes without fear of impositions, or the Electro of Sophocles except at the risk of the birch, should study carefully the doggerel which is the basis of at least one-third of the pseudo-Callisthenic For these are surely the worst life of Alexander. verses, in every respect except that of metre, that
^
From 230
b.c. to
of the metre.
The
revival
about a.d. 100 there is a total eclipse is due to the popularity of the
metre in Latin.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
bereft of humour, pathos, sense, and elegance. Despite considerable efforts I have been unable in my translation to avoid flattering them. Yet the work which Avas based on them, the liie of Alexander, was edited and re-edited again and again by the Greeks there was even a rendering into Byzantine politic verse. There was a popular Latin version. The Armenian
AVTitten
:
were ever
truth,
style
read a
literal translation of
the doggerel.
Persian
and Syrian, Arabian and Ethiopian knew the book in their own tongue.^ Early manuscripts of the more popular recensions, unread and uncollated, litter the libraries of Europe. Possessing no other quahty except that they were easy to read, they had a circulation comparable vnih that of a modern novel.
It is not inconceivable that these rhetorical ineptitudes and childish fables between the third and twelfth centuries a.d. reached a public as large as that which was attained by any other book except those of the New Testament.
^
p. x.
xxvi
HIPPONAX
AND
ANANIUS
INTRODUCTION
One difficulty in the study of Hipponax is the question of authenticity. Early editions usually contained a number of Hipponactean verses of various length and rhythms having little but this in common that the final foot was a spondee ( ) or a trochee. But the various metrists who quote these do not profess that they come from the works of Hipponax, and Bergk (P.L.GJ^) though giving the majority of them with asterisks rejected one as 'obviously a mere invention^' (p. 491) X^^'V *^ ^^^ Aetr/ifK-tt '^a.-(f)w, and E. Diehl in his Anthologia Lyrica rightly follows Bucheler in omitting many more. For the sake of completeness I give the fragments in the order and A\"ith the numeration of Bgk.*, but without reference
' '
(1 inc.) "^89
Ep/x'/)
/j/iKap,
KurvTTVov oiSas
eypi'^a-treiv
kno^^ing."
90
et
jJ-oi
yki'oiTO
re
kol
repetva.
This verse is actually called rod 'I -(oiaKTos (Hephaest. 30 al.) but there can be little doubt that this is a slip for '1 TrwvaKretoi'. "^91 Kt^aipwi/ AvScoLCTLV iv y^opol(TL BaKXojy (so
:
'J
G ai sfor d-Bgk
^
.) it
But ten Brink may be right in attributing play in which Hipponax was a character.
to Diphilus'
INTRODUCTION
*92 Kol Kvicrij TLva BvjXL'i'Yra^. *93 o eeoi tq Xoino raNTaXoio doNxec (Plotius 280) it is not worth attempting to find an acceptable reading for this or for *9'i niCHNnacoNTec (Plotius 293). Neither give as they stand the metre which Plotius professes to illustrate. Bk. rightly rejects them. To these may be added without hesitation the example of the ordinary choliambus given by Plotius and Juba (ap. Rufin de Metr. Com. p. 386) *13 uKOvVuT 'iTTTTajraKTos ov yap dA/V vyKoj. For we know that this is the first verse of Calhmachus' iambi. Callimachus perhaps imitates Phoenix fr. 1. 15 but oi' yap dX.kd though an Atticism is common in the later choliambists. Clearly it could not have been used by Hipponax. See Callim. fr. 92 Schneider. It is never attributed to Hipponax. With this Bergk gives (2 Inc.) w KAa^o/xei/toi,
: : :
Ko.dijvi'i
(Bgk.)
').
Ye
Clazomenians, Bupalus
(and
is
Athenis
It
:
is
by Hipponax
but the reading is wholly uncertain and it may well be that Putsch the editor of Plotius was right in supposing it to be a mere variant of Hippon. Jr.
11. (Bgk.'*)
0)9 01
/xi'
It is
both come (as but that this poet is Calhmachus. Callimachus in his iambi professedly follows Hipponax, saying that all those who wish to write lame iambi must beg light from Ephesus. And this would justify us if there were no evidence to the contrary in supposing that in simple details the model is the same as the copy. Now Callimachus rigorously
' '
this Ave
'
(so Powell), Le/r. Adesp. 7, p. 185 in Powell's ColXdi'ijTL pocnrTULWv kwAoj, lectanea Alexandrind)
stumbhng about the dell with leg errant and the example might be a mere mistake since the syllable -rul- might be short. Quite possibly it is from another AATiter indeed it would be very attractive to place it after v. 67 of Herodes' Mime VIII. In fact it AA'ill be found on examination that no satisfactory instance of a certain spondee in the fifth foot occurs except in proper names for a fuller discussion see elsewhere. There is yet another violation of Porson's law, this time as applied to the beginning of a trochaic tetrameter in /"r. 78* (Hephaest. 34 Inc. 5), ^h^TpoTipu)^ oi^v-k p.e \p-t] tiZ o-Ko-iJ} dLKa^ecrdai, with Metrotimus runagate must
'
'
'
The flaw could be removed by reading 'MriTporifjif and would be strange were the runaway to possess such an honourable name.
^
;
it
INTRODUCTION
law once more,' and it may be noticed that again from the metrist Hephaestion (p. 34) though 6 cr/coTos (tenebrio Meineke) is, it is true, found in an authentic fragment of Hipponax (51 Bgk.^). It is probably actually from Hipponax, but may need alteration. With some misgivings I have
I
to
this is
included certain anonymous citations {e.g. 61 Bgk.), since this is attributed to one of the old iambists by grammarians and it is certain that many grammarians had easy access to copies of Hipponax' works and cared little for other writers in this metre. But for them we should have little or no accurate knowledge of what the poet did ^vrite. It might be supposed that three citations in the anthologist Stobaeus might help us. For what he has preserved for us is, as far as text goes, fairly good. But by some singular and unfortunate accident all the passages which he attributes to Hipponax are from other authors. As to two of these no serious doubt exists. One is in a plain iambic metre of a type at this time certainly non-existent. It runs (Stobaeus Ixxii. 5 72 Bgk., who agrees with Meineke
'
'
in attributing it to
Hippothoon)
yap
7)
npolS, o'lKlav
crdi^ei
p-ovrj.
oaTLi oe ^Tpv(pu>s] TTfiv ywoLK dyeL \aj3iiiv (Xvvipybv oi'Tos avTL deffTToivr]^ ^X^'i euvovv, pe(3aiav els a-rravTa tov (iioy.
In V. 2 Haupt suggested eSiov. In v. 4 if T|OiK/)wcrai' ^ be read we must, of course, assume with Meineke a
^ Better arpiKpepov perhaps. Tiie first four verses contain rhythms impossible in any early Ionic writer.
all
Best marriage is it for a prudent man To take as dower a noble character This bridal gift alone can save the house. But whoso takes to wife a spendthrift girl
:
He
Nor has another of Stobaeus' attributions found any defenders Flor. xxix. 42 (Bgk. 28 Inc. 6) runs
: :
\p6vo<;
(5e
(/)i'yToj
ere
jxi^^l
efs-*^
apy'x;.
Apostolius
:
the collector of proverbs gives it as Avy/AojiaKTos. see Style and subject are most akin to [Cercidas] below. The sense is Let not one moment pass thee by idle.' A third again seems equally unsound, and has, like the foregoing, been generally rej ected
'
Aw'
ri/J.epaL
(Bgk. 29
Inc. 7),
of woman are sweetest, when she Two days These verses in a is wed, and when she is buried.' Berlin anthology (P. 9773) recently discovered (Berliner Klassiker Texte v. 2. 130) are attributed (the Ar Un, lemma is very fragmentary) to happily this does not quite remove all doubt. Professor Schubart has very kindly sent me a sketch of the traces, pointing out that a is as likely as A. o- as against v does not seem wholly certain. In the jumbhng of citations common to all Anthologies it is possible that these verses were out of order and
in life
.
.
fjL-qd^
eh
is
Sicilian Doric,
borrowed
in Attic
Comedy.
Hipponax would have divided fxr) dels. 2 Compare Com. Fr. Adesp. p. 1224. 6
INTRODUCTION
attributed to r?]? avTrj^ or tov avrov by the same.* At all events we are justified in leaving it out of account in any generalization we may hope to make. But there is one fragment which, though possessing far higher claims than much which Bei-gk included, may be relegated (Inc. 9, Meineke, Anon. 3) perhaps to a very late date. It is the history of Hipponax' discovery of the choliamb which I give from schol. Heph. p. 214 (C. for other references see Leutsch and SchneidcAvin on Apostolius, viii. 59): i} aTro ypaos Tivo<i Idjxfii^s KaX.ovjxkvii<i y rrXwovcnj (rvvTrix<^ov o 'iTTTTWJ'a^ Kal axpafx^vo'^ T'i]'i crKa(^7/s <^' ^s eVAuvev
'
1/
ypai"?
TCI.
'ipia
'iji<ova-
Aeyoi'cr-/^?
t'}]v
"AyOpo)ir' aireXde'
-TpeipeL?,
(TKd(f>rp'
'
dvarptTreis
(read Tricha p. 9 Herm.). Another derivation of the word iambus is from an old woman named larabe who was washing clothes when Hipponax came along. He touched the wash-tub in which she was washing her woollen clothes, and was met with
:
Hence
sir
you'll overbalance
my
wash-tub.'
To conclude the list of false fragments Suidas attributes to Hipponax the verse rightly assigned by Meineke to Aristocles (Choerobosc. in E.M. 376. 21
says Aristotle).
(Inc.
The
10) evv'ou)(o<; oW i<al 8ovXo<i ypx^^ 'Ep/xia?. iota is short (Choerob.) and the fragment need
not delay us. But perhaps even greater difficulties attach to those citations, whose genuineness are undoubted, but which are given by the Byzantine grammarian Tzetzes. We cannot do better than to examine his citations from other authors and select, at hap-
t)fiiv
On 219-222 Aratus' verses, vv. 257-8 and 261-4, cTrra are run together and 261 is filled out from 8e Keiuai to eTrrd S;y roi ratye (from 257). In the very next citation from the first verses of the Lithica, 6t^vo<; drpeKes HXKap is cited as o. akKap
.
atri/s.
These verses are selected out of the few citations on Lycophron, 1-225. They are probably due to errors of memory or bad writing clumsily corrected. Another source of error was a habit of glossing, on the part of Tzetzes, as probably as of his copyists.
Thus
in citing
{I.e.)
Pind. P.
iv.
he wrote
which duly appears in two codd. as drap d(f)6l3ov fSuKTOLo. On V. 176 he cites a fragment of Hesiod, in which the reading we know from other sources to be reKev AlaKov. Unfortunately he wTote So one ms has (how inanely) vlov over AiaK-oi-. reroKei' vlov, another rKv AlaKuv AiaKov, and two
a</)o/3ov,
INTRODUCTION
leave out AtaKor altogether. But the most striking verse in the narrow limits to which I have confined
myself
TOJ
8'
is
Ap. Rhod.
i.
755
^K
toi'
8e /xeraS/jo/xaS?;!' eirl
Ml'/3TtAo9 (-w)
(TTl'jOoVi
J pdifiiOl'
vjAaCTei'
a true text we can see that three words are parenthetical. But it is pertinent to ask, when we have no other text, how much of our Hipponax, as editors present it, is really a compound of glosses and parentheses. At any rate when a reading is on two or three accounts unsatisfactory, it is in the highest degree absurd to be satisfied with tinkering at two or three points. can never be remotely certain of the cause of error. It is clear that in few, if any, of the cases above cited could the original have been restored with the smallest degree of certainty. There is one hope, although I fear a slight one. It might be that in all these cases Tz., who had presumably no text of Hipp., always copied direct from the source that is, from older scholia on Lycophron. Up to a point that is true. But these scholia were no doubt cramped and corrupt. Tzetzes had read them, but by no means always did he copy them where they belonged.^ He was far too cunning and spread his citations over a wide area. Only too often
tTTTToi's.
As we have
We
it
may be feared he quoted k crT7y^oi)s, from memory. Only too often the junctures are invented and words are repeated to fill the gaps in his mnemonic exercises. As he had little metrical ear of his own he often transfers the order of words and gives merely
^
All quotations
including the word Trd\/j.vs are preyet examine and see how
:
10
INTRODUCTION
doubt the directness of a sixth ^ which is usuallyconnected with the second. That so voluminous a reader should derive at second hand seems to show that mss of Hipponax at his time were non-existent or unprocurable. Plutarch appears to have had no general knowledge of his works. Of other sources Stobaeus the anthologist gives, as stated, extracts none of which can conceivably be by Hipp. and we are left perhaps with a dozen verses. To decide questions of dialect and metre on such evidence is clearly difficult, but fortunately we have better authority^ Callimachus openly professes that in his iambic he copies the metre of Hipponax Hephaestion, far our best meti-ical authority, allows him great regularity and even Tzetzes, who disputes Hephaestion's rulings, can find no evidence against them worth the name. The solitary dissentient voice is that of a certain Heliodorus whose total incapacity may be judged by such of his criticisms on other
: : :
authors as Priscian quotes. It is impossible here to enter into an elaborate inquiry. Elsewhere I shall show {a) that the early iambus is the most strict of all metres, (b) that of choliambic writers Hipponax alone observes all its laws in a majority of his verses, (c) that of the minority of verses a large minority are AvhoUy unmetrical on any standard, and, therefore (d) that having cast out these verses Ave should not hesitate to remove also the small minority of cases in which Hipponax appears to use licences or metrical contrivances not found in
There are three single citations, not included in this One comes to Athenaeus via Pamphilus (Bglv. 135), another via Hermippus (Bgk. 136), and the third (97) from Theophrast (p. 87).
^
collection.
11
hypo-
Hipponax was wholly indifferent to metre than to hold that he foresaw and forestalled contrivances and metres used by Attic poets especially as during a third of the long time between Hipponax and Tzetzes these licences and contrivances were precisely those which were most likely to creep in. Only
:
is
which offend any metrical canon of the iambus. As we find on close examination ^ that Hipponax obeys subtle rhythmic tests that, except on the direct statement of metrists whose conclusions in eight cases out often are mistaken, his rhvthm is regularity itself; that he is wholly consistent in his usage of dialectal forms and above all that Callimachus in his carefully restricted iambi openly claims to copy the example of Ephesus, we may at least be pardoned if we prefer the testimony of the poet-scholar of the third century
tions
; ;
B.C. to the ignorant crxoAao-TiKot of the twelfth or twentieth century a.d. For, as we have said, in reading a text of Hipponax over the second class of citations we are in a curious position there is no evidence that Tzetzes was successful in disentangling the text of Hipponax from the comments of the scholiast. In fr. 68. 6 one might even suppose a predecessor took the comment for text in fr. 61 Tzetzes is probably the culprit while to complete the chain we may quote the text of Hipponax as ehcited from Tzetzes by John Potter {fr. 59).
:
Kal "xjivaov
fioi
(rraTrjpas e^rjKovTa
See
my
xii.
12
'
INTRODUCTION
This was precisely the way in which some ancient Heliodorus metricus scholars like the unreliable picked out the text for their n:ietrical criticisms of Hipponax' versification. The sane critic will place as little trust in the discrimination of the pedants of Constantinople as in that of the future Archbishop who was probably a finer Greek scholar. For Tzetzes' metrical criticism, when we may suspect him of writing at first hand, is exceedingly poor. On Lycophron 167 he says that t'o-);i' is right whether in the later case it has merely irddo^ short or long Tu Aeyo/xei'oi' \tt)Ata/i/3oi' Yet it is, in the main, on the evidence of Tzetzes and on his ability to form an edition of fragments out of obscure and cramped scholia that Hipponax' work is commonly judged. In closing a long and dull preface some apology for its length and dullness is necessary. But it is manifest that it is wholly impossible to judge of the aims or methods of the later writers who revived this metre unless we have a vague notion of its original character.
'
Much of what has been written above has [P.S. been rendered superfluous by the discovery of a papyrus fragment printed on pp. 62-63. The thesis of the previous pages that Hipponax was neither an
anticipator of metrical licenses used first in the Attic Tragic or Comic Drama, nor an incompetent versifier, is now established beyond the necessity of argument. As all readers of early Greek poetry, for instance of Sappho and Alcaeus, know, " the only correct procedure is to approach the quotations by way of the book texts." Unfortunately this course has not been open Above all we see that there is no similarity to me. between the metres of Hipponax and Herodes.]
l.S
HIPPONAX
EARLY CITATIONS
BOOK
I
E.M. {Et. Vat. ed. Reitz., Ind. Led. Rost. 1890-91, p. 7. 154. 27 tto-Kapi^eiV aTj/xaivei ro Kivdadai 'iTnrwva^ {v. 2).
Hesych.
Reitz.)
6(x<})aXiiT6|j.os"
/xa7a.
SioirX.'i^TjTa"
tVxi'pon-XTj/crijj'
eft.
2j^ ^14
BoKecov ieKT'tiuov
rfj
/Sa[/<:]T7jptr^
Koijjai
(Choerobosc.
[to.
fi^wca)
evpedy) iroiovvra airaviojs KOivr]i/ iv avrois to tFt Kal t6 kt, olov irapa '\inrdjvaKTi iv t<2 irpwro) ld/j.^uv (2) Kai ttclXlv irapa . .
TU
UVTl^ (3).)
1 The upper number 33 is that of the last edition of Berjrk's Poetae Lyrici Graeci ; the lower, of Diehl's Anth. v. I. -Xlto/xos cod. L/yrica. 2 I. T (5') ine. I doubt whether either illustration is really sound. If Hippon. -wTote fiaKT-qpiri {-q. ms), so must Herodes have done (viii. 60) : and our choice lies between the two traditions as to Hipponax' text. 3 ijfxLeKTov may scan rmijeKTov. If (pdXrjs {-eu)(pa\Tis {-rJTos) as QaXrjs {-rJTos, -ew), we might correct to Ko\a.\paaa, ' exsucta mentula,' or place a note of One cod. of interrogation after aire? and read Ko\d-~po.i fxe.
Choerob. has
eV
corr.
Hoffmann.
14
HIPPONAX
EARLY CITATIONS
BOOK
What
And,
('
Hoofing around
'
means
'
Navel-snipstress
smiter.)
midwife, Hesych.
2 Thinking 'twas
3
him
smote with
my
cudgel.
(Mute consonants seldom allow the preceding syllable be of doubtful quantity in the case of pt and kt e.g.
;
in his first
book of Iambi
(2).
So
same
Choeroboscus.)
^ Midwife. Such allusions were the height of bad manners. So presumably Theophrast's dridrjs asks (xx. 7)
elrr'
S>
/jLCLfi/J-rj
6t'
woiJ'es
^at ^rt/crej
fxe
ri's
17
/jLala
Hesych's second explanation is corrupt. dunderhead.' is ifx^povTy)Tos, * Videor mihi fata Aretes videre quae
'
The
'
nunc
et angiportis glubit
magnanimi Remi
nepotes.'
1.5
HIPPONAX
4jQ
5
'J
t^v
avr-^
yap
ifiTTeacDV Karrjpa^ev.
CTTLVov d'AAor'
TTpOVTTLVeV.
(Ath.
TreWida
.
xi.
495 c
eis
ire'XXa
dyyeiov
to ydXa.
ttol&v
rrj
aKvcpoeides,
.
ivvdixiva de
Itttt.
^X'"'
Tr\aTUTpov
(4),
ijfieXyov
ot/otai,
tovto
Xeyet
fjv,
drjXov,
oti
Trorrjpiov
fiev
ovk
SC
^oIvl^ Kai ttclXlv (5). oe KXeirapxos TreWrjrfipa /xev KaXelv GecrcrdXoi's Kai AioXeis TOP dp-oXyecL ireXXa;' 5e to TroTripiov. "t>iX7;ras 5e ev 'Ara/vTois
diroplav 5e kv\lko% ixpfj^vro
.
TreXXtSt.
TTJC
KvXlKa HolWTOVS.
6j9
(Ath.
'Itttt.
aTTOvSj]
ix.
re
/cat
o'TrAayp^i^otcni'
de
oi
dypirjs )(oipov
ttjv
375 C xoipov
"Iwves KaXoucn
drfKnav
ojj
iv <a'> (6).)
7iJ
rjXei^ov
Ti
(Ath. XV. 690 a Trapa TroXXots ok tQiv kw/xuiSovoiwv dvofid^eTal /xvpov PaKKapis' ov luvrj/xovevfi Kai 'iTrwQva^ 5ia tovtuv (7).
oiT]
fcr^'
TTfp
Kpdnos.)
81
Tt
Tw
ii.
(Herodian
i.
rdXas TdXixvTos
rjv
4. 5.
, . .
1 v.l.
avToh.
So Eust. 1561.
'ApyjTri irpovwivop
37.
2 Perhaps
nep KpoKos] cod. E fort 8', Both are corrupt. The words probably belong to Ath., not Hipp. 8 (nivi^K7]cras plerique codd.
7
(70'
OLT)
16
FRAGMENTS
4
5
I
:
4-8
Drank from a paillet she had no tumbler Her slave had fallen on it and smashed it.
Now
drank out of the pail, now Arete Had from me what I left.
myself
(' Pail means a vessel shaped like a drinking-cup with a rather broad bottom into which they used to milk. Hipponax calls this paillet (4) ; and what he says shows clearly that they had no cup, but in the absence of a tumbler Cleitused the pail. And again (5). But Phoenix archus says that the Thessalians and Aeolians spoke of the pail.' paillier ' but of the cup as milking utensil as a Philetas in his Stray Notes says that the Boeotians gave the name pail to the tumbler. Athenaeus.)
'
. .
'
'
'
'
With drink
('
offerings
and a she-boar's
entrails
Boar
'
Hipponax
Book
I. (6).
With bakkaris
Anointing
nostrils
(Many
(7).
kind of ointment
It is
Athenaeus.)
Why
('
rdXas
'
is
clear
from Hipponax
Herodian.)
17
HIPPONAX
92
1
(Herodian
rpicriXXa/iuJs
ii,
ii.
924. 14
\eyeTai
5^
{epwdios)
(9j
:
ecrd'
ore
Kai
'linril'i'aKTi.
id.
i.
116.25,
E.M.
380. 40)
10 *y
{Et.
Xv)(^'.'OS
:
Kvipaaa yap
[xol
Vat. Reitzenstein, Ind. Led. Rostoch. 1891-2, p. 14 Xeyerai apaeviKQiz Kal ovSerfpois 6 Xvxvos Kai to Xi'xvoV
'Itttt.
(10).)
lOB^'yg
Xidivov OLvSpiavra
tov
Xidivov
^(prj
TTTT.
llfil'^
pidKaps OTLS
drjpevec tTrpTyaas't.
12:?"
13.,.,
et
deXeis Scoaco,
ffKOjxev
(Choerobosc. Exeg. in Hephaest. 6p.oiujs kuI t7)v iv iv,,iTTOioiiffav kolvt^v, oiov v tQ TTpdiTU) 'Id/U/So) {-u}v Kal.)
I'lnrwvaKTOs, iv6a (prjai (11), ttjv pev ev TerdpTip (?) ttooI Kal irdXiv 6 avT os iv devTipu) ttoSI ttjv eT; (12)' eira TrdXi.v 6 ai'Tos (13) ttjv Xev ev TerdpTw noSi' XevcLV 5i (pTjcriv
ffweffTciXe'
em. Schneidewin. 1 wapd pi)T-qp cod. 10 Probably the beginning of a tetrameter. 11 The Attic /xaKdpios octtls of two mss is clearly false. Choeroboscus or his source may be deceived or e.g. dvperpa of amatory quarries. fj.aK-r)p' 5 tls one cod. since Hipponax appears to use fxiv of things. 12 ' him 13 Scan eKeXeve, evuvov, Xiveiv, drjpevei.
9.
:
'
18
FRAGMENTS
9 So
I
9-13
Came
('
ipwdios
is
sometimes
trisyllabic (puioios) as
Hipponax'
saying shows
(9).
Herodian.)
10 Facing the
lamp stooped
to
me
Arete
:
(\i'X!'os and Xi'^xt'Of are both used (masculine and neuter) Hipponax {\0). Etymologkum Vaticanum.)
10 B Statue of stone
(Statue of stone was the
the sculptor.
title
An
11
Happy
is
12 Yet,
if
you
will, I'll
13
He bade them
pelt
(In the
same way we
;
find
as in the
first
book of the
;
he shortens peTi again he has iv in the second foot (12) for Stonecast is the fourth foot.
(11),
'
'
'stone.'
Cfioerohoscus.)
'
On my
right
'
a favourable omen.
19
HIPPONAX
14,2 3
n<v>Sa)vra
hrj
Kal aaTrpov
:
aearjirora
cLs 'Itttt.
'l(i/j.^ii}v
(14).)
BOOK
I5I3
(Pollux
apT-f)aa<xdai'
II
<la>)(i
ecrri
18
oi'TO)
.
Tovvofxa
Trap'
ei
be
ij
dirapria
^iv
'Iwvikov
ihvofjiacriJ.ii'0}v
.
avroTs tCiv Kovcfiwv cTKevwi' a eari irapfievroi Kai iv ^i/3\ia) tivI ttjv dw. evpelv
re ti2 devrepu) rwv 'ImrLbvaKTO! idfx^wv
.
.
edeXois
evpYjaeis ev
.)
UNCERTAIN BOOKS
16 1*
(Ath.
dvyarpbi
78 b
^epeviKo^
Si
dirb
"Zvkt)^
.
ttjs
'O^i'Xoi'
,
yap
Itttt.
yivvrjaai
rpdvai (16).)
17^9
OVK o-TTayds re koI Xayovs Kara^pvKcov, ov TTjyavLTas ar)adf.LOLat <j>appiduaojv ouS' drraviras Krjpioiaiv ifji^aTTTCov
64-6
(Ath. xiv.
eirixL>Tov
(pTjffi
c
ix.
lldfiipiXos
KaXetaOai.
/j,vr]iJLOvevei
(17).
1).
Re tov dTTavtTT|v Ka\ovfj.evov tov 5e aTTaviTov '\inrCbva^ iv tovtois 388 b fifTjixovevei avTuv {aTTayQv} 'Itttt.
6[A-!rv[e]iT|
ovrws (17.
Hesych.
14 fxaowvTa corr. by Stephanus. 15 dwapTiav codd. -ir^v Bgk. ?xf' codd. 16 (TiKTiv codd.: corr. Schnw. Perhaps Aeschriontic. 17. 1 Ath. 645 C ovKarraa-e ? drrayeas. In both places '\ayil-s given is corr. bj' Meineke. Kara^pvKwv 645 c, SiaTpwywy 388 b. 2 rryavuis mss corr. by Casaubon. 3 oi'.v Meineke, prob. rightly.
:
:
20
FRAGMENTS
14
14-17
Clammy and
rotten
I
(14).
Erotian.)
BOOK
(The word
'
II
appendages is Ionic, the name applying which may be hung on the belt; ... if 5^ou wish for documentary evidence you may go to the second book of Hipponax'' Iambi (15) and to Theophrast
'
to light articles
Pollux.)
UNCERTAIN BOOKS
16
(?)
The
fig-tree black,
. .
which
is
{Pkerenicus
and
Suke
hence
ctikt) came from Suke, he begat .... Ampelos Hipponax, he says, said (16).
Athenaeus.)
17
Not partridges and hares galore scrunching, Nor flavouring with sesame pancakes, Nor yet with honey drenching fried fritters^^
'
is
{Pamphilus speaks of the fritter as a sort of cake. It mentioned by Hipponax in the following verses (17). Of partridges Hipp, speaks as follows (17. 1). AthenaetiSs Here may belong rich feasting for much.' Hesych.)
'
' '
'
HIPPONAX
18^/^
oh
rrjv e7TTd(f)vXXov
dveoKe Yiavhojpi]
ix.
370 a
p.rjWOT
Se
ttjc
iepav ovcrav,
ewel
nai
wap
/cot
rots
idfi^ois
'AvdvLos 8e
(pyjcriv
191
'qv
Aa^cuai, Trepvaai
Opuya?
p.
H-kv is
MiAt^toi^ dA^treuCTOvras',
et
Soloecismo, Valck.
'^'l-
Ammon.
6
yap
'AvaKpeuv
Kai
liririava^ (19)'
2O4
OLKL 8' OTTicrdev TTJg 7T6X<r]>os iv Hpivpvr] ixera^u T^P'^X^l''!''!^ "^^ '^^'- AeVpr^? dKrrjs.
tottos de ns r^s 'E<p(rov ^/xvpua exaXetro, eKaXuTO yap Aeirp-q fikv dsTr] 6 Trpriwv 6 (20). virepKelfxevos ttj^ vvv iroXfws, e^wi' fifpos tov retxoi'S avTrjs' rd
ws 5r]\ol
yovv
6wicrdv
rod
Trprjwvos
8'
KT-q/xara
in
i]
vvvi
Trepi
'OTnffOoXeirpia'
irapibpfioi.)
Ipaxeia
{KaXeiro
21 4^
(Harpocrat.
123
Itttt.
(2]).)
18.
? i^oTTLtrOev
s.v.l.
iK^revcre
vernacular, the dialect being made appropriate to the myth. 3 vv.ll. Oapy-, Tapy- Tapy- Schnw. 19. 1 iV ideXovffi Eust. 2 vv.ll. dX<f>iTevovTas, (ravrai. ttoXios 20. 1 JjKeL codd. corr. Schnw. and ten Brink. TTprjdiv aLso Anton. Lib. xi. corr. Bgk. cod. 21 V.l. rpoTrriu.
:
FRAGMENTS
18 So slipping
ofF,^
18-21
'
'
19
And
the soloeci
sell, if
The Phrygians
.
.
(The ancients gave the name soloeci to barbarians. Anacreon s&js And Hipponax (19). Herod ian {exTplaining the origin of the term solecism. The work is not considered authentic).)
'
'
'
'
21
Anon the
Harpocration.)
^ V. \ Presumably off a height. Bergk connects with the accident to the slave (fr. 4 above). On the story see
Schweighiiuser.
23
HIPPONAX
22|y Kal
jjLiv
KaXv7TTi,<s>
(Schol. Plat. 352 Bekker on Gorg. 494 b (xapaopiov piov Xiyns of the incontinent man) x-P<*'Sp''OS oovl^ tis &s dfia rui eaOieLV eK::piv(i. eis ov o-TrOfiXeipavTes, wi X670S, ot lKTepiCjvT% paov diraWaTTOVTai' 8d(v Kai eyKpvTTTovaiv avrbv oi TmrpaffKovTes
tva
1X7}
Trpo'iKa
CxpeXiiddcnv
01
Kduvoi'res, (22)
015
(prjcnv 'Itttt.)
23^
jj
dAA' avTiK
334.
1
aWiqXoLaLV epi^i^d^avres
:
{E.3f.
ejiptpd^avTCS
Tap'
Itttt.
(23)
duTi
tov
ef.i.^0Tj<rai'Tes.)
24^*
Kpiyi] 8e vcKpojv
1
ayyeXos re
/cat
Krjpv^
"^s
{E.M. 539.
TTapa
lirinhvaKTi. (24).)
2551*
o/xi^iij
(jopii^ev
ai/xa /cat
oiiix*^"'
0^0^'
-x^oX'qv
^o"''''
irlX-qGev.
'''''-'
{E.M. 624. 4
(is
'
^^
ofxixo}'
/leWuv
Trap'
Itttt.,
(25).)
26 go
aicjxjovL
vi.
(Pollux
onp
iytvovTo,
Itttt.
CLp-qKev (26).)
27|I
(Pollux X. 75
elprifiet'os,
tov rpvyoirrov
Kai 6 viXicTTTip.
5(
(pr]cn,v
(2T).)
22 Corr. Bgk. firjv for fuv is read in Suid. s.v. and Ar. Av. 266 schol. TTfoas schol. Ar. (Ven.), -yds cett., cis schol. Ar. 23 Also Zonaras, p. 706 Tittmann. 24 Also Zonaras, p. 1258 T., An. Ox. i. 268. 12, Et. Gud. 347. 27, Choerobosc. ii. 590, 657. 25 Also Zonaras, p. 1451 T.. An. Ox. iv. 191. 6 i&ixri^iv), 416. 7 (these have iriW-qaev), schol. Horn. E 531. 26 iirldrfixa for eiriOfua Welcker. 27 iba-rrep (k TpoTrr^tov Bgk., since (Meineke) the wine goes from the vat into the sieve. Better wa-n-ep pel TpatrrfLov since
&(Tirep
requires a
main verb,
shoiild
crdnos
corrected to craKKos
by
Salmasius.
Tpa-n-i]-
24
FRAGMENTS
22
22-27
?
And
'
veilest^
it ?
is
(The
bustard
'
it
eats.
People suffering from jaundice are eased by the sight of it so those who sell it wrap it up to prevent patients from being relieved free of cost (22), as Hipp. says. Commentator on Plato, Gorgias, 494 b, life of a bustard.')
'
23
Anon they
to.'
Etymologi-
cum Magnum.)
24
And
(There
also a
noun
'
screech,' e.g. in
Hipponax (24).
id.)
's
stool
brought up.
[o/jLLXft"
.;
also
or
fut. diu^ij.)
id.)
in
Hipp.
(26).
Pollux.)
27
They
'
(And
'filter.'
and sieve in the same sense strainer Hipponax says (27). id.)
:
' '
and
Perhaps
KaXvirTei
{Ka\6irT'j ;)
if iMu is
25
HIPPONAX
285
2
KoXei^a
87
Itttt.
XeKos TTvpov
XeKOS
(VplOKOfXeV,
(Pollux, X.
eiirovTOi
dl
TOIS
ArifMLOTTpdrOLS
(28).)
(j)<o>'i8as
fdepfxaLvcovt
<f)a)8s'
eVri /xiv
i]
X^|ts AwptxT?,
KaXovcL 5e
TTvpl
KadiauffL
(poiviKo.
e^avd-qixara
crrpoyyvXa iTrKpXoyiaixaTa. . . .' ore 5^ Kal olov (puSes wepi tov dwpaKO. irov yLvbjxeva.
(29). hal
Kal
Itttt.
8e
tprjcn
^I'Xoi'i
eKKavfxara
Cos
(v. 1).
SO^g
eKp<ji)t,ev.
KVfjLLvhis
iv XavpTj
{Et. Flor. p. 231 Miller Melanges OvSov es Xavp^iv (Horn. Trjv drj/xocriav oSbv ..." Tives jJ-^v oSov aireboaav, ru'es cttoXt] (ffToixa Mill.) Bi Xai'prjs Be TOV KOTrpCiva, ws 'Itttt. (30). T7)v i^oBov Tr)v eh avTrjv (x 137). Cf. Hesych. lpKavT]VTa irv\<iva (Dindorf for fpX')' '''O'' TreTrvKViopLevov /cat crvvexblJ-evov.)
X 128).
31-^y,
{Melanges
402 Mill. xO'F^wiov Kpa^fidTiov Kaddnep Kal Hesych. p. 307 Itttt. ev /j.iw re ktX.
Tdjj.[]iov OdXafios.)
28
n. is
'PoOiov
crit.
See Pape-Benseler s.v.'PoSos. The vi. 104. riBu with poBivov appears
29 See note on opposite page. 31 The initial trochee may be supported from Herodes and is more likely than an initial dactyl, for which there is Corr. Hoffm. no good pre-Attic evidence. Et. Vat. has
lost several sheets at the end, so that the
entry
xo-fJ-f'-'"'^ov
is
missing.
26
FRAGMENTS
28
28-31
a wheat-crock
find
(In the Bemioprata {Goods Sold by Public Axiction) crock,' used by Hipp. (28). id.)
we
cliilblains.^
the word is Doric and applied to the round inflammations that result from the fire, especially when people sit right in the fire after being out in the cold. . . Sometimes it is applied to crimson eruptions in the region of the chest. Hipponax sa,ys (29). Erotian. Inflammations from cold as Hipp. says. Tzetzes' note on Aristophanes^ Plutus.)
Chilblains
' :
30
In rear.
('
A
explain the
(30).-
Some
rf.
word as
Hipp.
Mouth
' : the public way . . back-street, others as the privy of the rear means the exit to it.
. :
'
'
Etymolofficum Florentinum.
set or straitened.
Cf.
'
Fenced gateway
'
narrow-
Hesychhis.)
31
Lay
Areius on
('Pallet-bed': a small bed as in Hipp. (31). So Et. Flor.) Difficult Words in Plato.
^ most puzzling quotation. Erotian has tovs Traloas for TOLS (pwidas (Tzetzes): but Hoffmann, who rightly changes to <pot8as, is also right in regarding this as a mere error.
The
it is
verse
...
as
'
dep/xaifiou
appears unmetrical.
' :
Perhaps
fx.
an injunction, up and be doing ov iravaeaL ; So I translate. /j.api\t]i' -iWrjf, here and in 39.
Oepixaivwv
w. t.
r. (p.
is
^ Et. Flor. has eKpw'gev k. is \. Et. Vat. Reitz. Led. Rost., 1891-2, p. 14, gives the true reading, ev Xavpr],
HIPPONAX
32^
Q
/cat
fxe
TTOirjaac.
Itttt.
. . .
{Et. Flor. p. 41 Mill, dpciu* to dTreiXQ ws Trap' (32)' TovTeaTiv dTTetXe?. E.M. 139. 36 one cod. dpeias clTreiXeis, sed dpeia '<. Vat.)
33 q'^
(Diog. L.
i.
107.)
S-if**
(Schol.
"Zlvdiijv)
TilvSlkou StctCT^ay/Lta
Ap. Rhod.
TO (34).
iv.
5^ nv-qixovevei (jQiv
8idrc})a'yfxa'
irpbs
Hesjxh. SivSikov
rb r^s
yvi'aiKds.)
ggs-SB
't
(xrjTTLrjs
vii.
V7T6G(f)a'yfia
ev
tois
id/jiliois
(Ath.
dcs
324 a
Itth-.
5'
dirovTos
(35)
oi
e^rjyrjffdfxei'oi,
diredioKav to ttjs arjirias fxeXav. earl 5e to iiirocfbayixa 'EpaaLiTTpaTos (pijaLV iv 'OifapTin-iKip vwoTpifxfJLa. Eust. II.
1286. 6.)
36*^
oi
/
II.
TTaaTTaXrj(f)6.yov yp6jx(j)iv
(Phot. Lex.
de TO.
67. 12 NaberTrao-TdX.T)' to tvxov, ol 5e KyxP^' 'Itttt. (36). Keyxpifo- aXevpa. Cf. Eust. 1732. 121.)
37^**
Itttt.
"
^oX^irov KaaiyvqTrjv
ok "Iwi-es
o'i
te
dWoi
/cat
(37).
Bekk. An.
186. 10 pdXPiTCV:
Itttt.)
33 Probably Callimachean (ten Brink). 34 In the schol. Meineke reads vpdiTifi for Trpos to rightly: All the same Cr. for a weak caesura would be incredible. is very likely right in connecting with fr. 43, since Tz. appears to have quoted or meant to quote both verses. 36 TracTTrdXii' (payuif codd. corr. Porson.
:
28
FRAGMENTS
32
id.)
32-37
senseless.
:
And menaces
'
to render
me
(To
menace
' :
i.e.
threatens.
SS
Whom
Declared the wisest
Apollo
man
of
all,
Myson.
{Diogenes Laertius.
34
Sindian fissure^
first
book
(?) (34).
35
Squid-pudding
{Hipp, in his iambi says (35). The interpreters explain it of the ink of the fish. It is really a pudding made of its blood as Erasistratus says in his Cookery. Athenaeus.)
SQ
('
'
:
Middlings-fed porker
Middlings scraps. Others say millet, others milletHipp. (36). Photius. Hipp, uses porker either of any sow or of an old one. Eustathius on Homer's Odyssey.)
flour.
37
Cow-dung's
sister
:
and
(Bolitos was called bolbitos in general by the lonians so Hipp. (37). Etymologictim Magnum.)
i.e.
yvfaiKciov al5oLov
Hesych.
29
HIPPONAX
38'*^*"
wa<re
ix.
.>
'E^eaiTy Se'A^a^
(Ath.
39*^^
375 a Kal
'Itttt.
oe
^(prj
(38).)
TToXXrjv fxapiXr^v
5e
avQpaKOJV
>)
(Erotian p. 96 ixaWov
.
,
dtpfj-oairooid
[xapiXt] Xeyerai
iJos
Kai
'Itttt.
<p-qai
(39).)
40^
(Anon. An. Ox,
TpaTTif
(40)
Itttt.)
-2Q5.
'IdSt
41^
Kpe<l>as K fxoXo^plT<ea)>
avos
'
\pLaTo<pd.i'r]s yovf 6 ypanpLariKos . . . tov idiou viov fioXo^pirriv irov X^-yet ev ti^ (41). Ael. N.H. vii. 47 aKovaai^ 8' Sj* Kal rod 'Itttt. Kai avrbv tov i'v pLoXo^pirrjp ttov \4yovTOi.)
eTTayei
Kai
Itttt.
42^-'
neamjyv8op7TO)(^aTa
(Eust. Od. 1837. 42 Kara 0 Itttt. Kal 6 pLcrar]yi'5opTToxe(TTr)i qyovv 6s fjLecrovvTOi Seiirvov ttoWolkis aTTOTrarel (is TrdXt^ ep.Trip.TT\a(jdai. Sueton. iTept ^\aa<j>. is no doubt the source : Miller's text, p. 425 Mel., gives the same explanation but
does not
name Hipp.)
dSrjKe ^ovXij.
'
42a 1
'"J
1721. 61 XPVC^'^^ iTnrwuaKTOs rjv 'Hpa/c\ei57;s (42a) rjyovv ijpecrKe to ^ov\vp.a. Compare and perhaps add Hesj'ch. UavOpK.oytp 8rjpup TTapprj<riav dyovn
TTpo(ppi,
(Eust. Od.
etTTovTos
kt\.,
IXV0OVS'
'AeWr/ffi
I
dvp-oh'
dvvTToaToXois pt^ra
TTappijaias.
TiecTKe
iTLfxa \byovs.)
38
'Ecpearjtrj
ten Brink.
"E<f>yuir}.
Bgk.
30
FRAGMENTS
38
{Uipponax says
(38).
38-42a
39 Embers of charcoal
.
many
'
'
embers
mean hot
ashes as Hipp.
40
(Folk
:
changed
in later Ionic.
(40)
Hipp.
Grammarian
41
Pig
{Hipponax calls his own son
(41).
^
'
beggar pig,'
in
in the following
Homer
the pig
grammarian
You
will find
beggar.'
Aelian.)
42 In-mid-feast-voiding
(According to Hipp, we have also (42), that is one who in the midst of dinner retires often in order to make room for more. Eustathius on Homer using Suetonius' work on
Opprobrious Names.)
(A use of Hipponax adduced by Heracleides. Hipp, says i.e. The proposal met with favour. Existathius on
'
' ' :
Of. Licentious-tongued people': speaking with license, etc. HesycJi. Fhghty of spirit fearless in license of speech, id. His rede did honour honoured his words, id.)
'
' :
Homer's Odyssey.
^ There seems to have been some confusion in the text of a previous grammarian between Oc pig and uidc son. Aelian's version is clearly right. It was fashionable to explain /xoXo^pus, a Homeric word of doubtful meaning, as food-seeker. The Greeks turned their pigs loose early to
find food.
Hrd.
Mime
viii. init.
31
HIPPONAX
4-2b''-^'-'
^e^pvd<ouev>fJLevov
Trap"
<Se>
(Hesych. (42b)'
Ivn-wvaKTi opyi^ofj-evov.)
rjfi(l}LcriJievT]
Xcjttos
i(pav ttoWoI epiuv,
oi'rws eip-rjKe
'iKTribi^a^
xiiiXGiv
(43).
Tovs Kopajoiis
5e
Tvyxiveiv
aiSoloi'.)
voei.
TToiXfMVv.
. .
(Schol. Lj'^C. 219 Maias Kai Slos Ep^/Js, lI-s Tco Kara BoviraXov vpi^Tip IdpL^cp (44). Tzetz. ad
:
Itttt.
ec
loc.)
With this is generally connected 45 J 'Eipfirj Kvvdyxo- ^^IrjovLaTc Kai'SauAa (f)CDpa)v eralpe Bevpo [rlj pLOi OKaTrapSevaaL. (Tzetz. An. Ox. iii. 351. 7 to d= KavoavXrjs XvSiKwi tov
(TKvWoirviKTJjv
Trpihrij}
\eyei,
(bairep
'linril)va^
(45).
So Tzetz. on Iliad
p.
843
42b jiejipevdvbiJLtvov Hesj'ch. This is the only form which can find which admits of easy scansion and appears to be sufficiently attested by such corrupt glosses as ypovdopiverai and TTpadevevfffdai. We m.ight perhaps attribute to Hipponax forms in Hesychius like dca7a77ci;'ei''oi'(n, {KaT)i.,uovei'i,
I
Xayyovevei.
vv.ll. Ts.vK\rj(nov, KvK\ir)s, kvkXIt]! ^acnXea Trd\fj.vv almost codd. e36-)}ae codd. corr. Schneidewin. 45. 2 [ti] bracketed by Bgk. a-Ka-TrapSfvaai is explained by trKairepSevo-ai Xoioopr;<jai. Hesych., (Tvu.u.axwo-'- superscribed. who also explains Kwdyxo- by KXiirTa. These and other
:
44
all
and
KairapSevo-ai" ixavTevaacrdaL
FRAGMENTS
42b With choler puffed
((4.2b)
:
42b-45
angry
in
Hipponax.
Hesychius.)
(Many writers have mentioned Milesian wool, but Hipp. mentions Koraxian wool in his first book of iambi as follows You must know that the Koraxi in choliambic metre (43). A race of and Sindi ^ are tribes. Tzetzes. Koraxians
:
Scythians, etc.
Ilesychius.)
44
On
Hipp, says in (Hermes was son of Maia and Zeus, as book of Iambi written against Bupalus (44). Tzetzes and Commentator on Lycophron.)
the
45 Dog-throttling Hermes, tliief-mate, whom Maeoiis Kandaules call, come give me a shove up.^
(Kandaules in the Lydian tongue means puppy-throttler, Hipponax shows in his first book of iambi (4a). Tzetz. in Cramer's Anecdota Oxoniensia and on Homer's Iliad.) Hesychius translates dog - throttling as 'thief,' and gives
as
several erroneous translations of
'
to
my
aid come.'
Hence
34.
Cr.
is
probably right
in
/*.
^
S3
HIPPONAX
46?
Ki/ccov'
<havXo:>
8dcf)V<r)>a<Lv>
(Tzetz.
,
ovSev
S'
atai-ov TrpodeaTTi^cov
p. 76. 811 [odcpvri) -qv ol Uptls rod rfKlov qroi fiduTtcs Kal fxdyoi. olos f/V Kal 6 Xpt'CT;?, arecpai'orfj.ei'oi irropevovTo' Ka9o:s 5rj\o7 Kal 'Itttt. iv ry Kara Boi'TraXoi' Idfi^ui (46. 1) roiovoe
TL od(pi'as
on Iliad
Karex^"-
id.
on Lycophron Alex.
Kai
Itttt.
4i24.
ujs (p-qai
(46. 1).
?iv
by
KLkcov 'A/xi'ddovo^
decrni'^wv.
47^ 482
^dXXovTes ev
XeLfxaji'L
/cat
pa7TLL,ovTes
(j^app-aKov.
49 8 50 9
51]^y
Set
8'
avTov is (f)dppiaKov
'fiKTroLi^aaaOai^,
'\Kd(f)rj
/cat
TTttAat
(jidppuaKOL Sj
46 The Hesychian gloss, whose language shows that it is not a gloss but a quotation, was rightly incorporated by KiKwv is glossed ten Brink. 1 wavodXrjTos, irai^oavXrjKTos, al. ovofia txdvTius and Kain)^ \dpos. 2 Supplevi e.g. : roLovbe TL 8d(pvT]s Karexw Tzetzes. Hereabouts come the words
TTttiS
CjflvdfijJVOS.
K-p. is
47
glossed
by <riKa5.
? (papfidacreii'
for
^dWeaOai^asTz.
49-5 1a are probably misquoted in detaiLs. It cannot be certain that they were not consecutive. In 49 f/c7T. must * mean select if corrupt it has replaced a passive. In 50. I On this I suspect the truth is TTtejetj' (or -dv Hrd. viii. 47). verse there is a note {d<pr] Kal dpfw, Kal to. Xoiwd ol'lojvei xf/iXoiKd(prj must be read. wpoffdoKevcn is probable for (Tiv) whence TrpoaHexThe ms. used by Herodes had ^ ^lip of memory.
' :
34
FRAGMENTS
46-51
46 Kikon the hideous, cormorant^ luckless, Amythaon's son, his head with bay-leaves crowned.
With naught
((Laurel) which the priests of the sun {i.e. prophets and wise-men, like Chryses) wore as a crown when they walked abroad, as is shown by Hipponax in his book of iambi against Bupalus (46. 1, 2). Tzetzes on Homer's Iliad. * Kikon ' was the son of Amythaon Hesychius.) (46. 3).
city,
48 Pelting him in the meadow and beating With twigs and squills like unto a scapegoat.
49
50
He must be chosen^ from you as scapegoat And in his grip take barley-cakes, dried figs And cheese, such cheese as scapegoats may
on.
feed
51 For long
as trembling as scapegoats.^
Priests are
:
translate
Trav5r)\r]T0i
cf. wavXih^riTOS.
^ If this fragment be not read consecutively it is possible to explain (pap/xaKov as in fr. 18 and Tzetzes' comment as equalling Kadapfiop (not -/xa) : and (with scansion eKwoifyja.) to translate 'put him forth for a purification.' Again, if 51 be
we could read
Trpoad^x^^'''^'-'-
yap avrov
xac/coi'Tes
Kpddas, ix^v^^^
'^s
^XO"""' (papfxaKoi.
' They await there the twigs agape in such (pitiable) state as scapegoats are in.'
Hrd. iv. 42. In 51. 2 the people who hold the twigs are those who wait hence -res for -ras (Meineke). But as ws ^xo"""' could only mean ' at once in reference to the subject of the sentence we need another e'xoi'Tas {e.ff. 5^oi;s) to refer to the state of mind of the victims.
Xo-<rKevvTei: cf.
: '
35
HIPPONAX
52 /j
At/Ltoj
emaKis
paTnadeirj.
9jv
(pap/xaKos
to KaOap/xa tolovtov
to
/caWXa^e woXiy 60/j.T]vla, eiT oliv "Sifids, eiVe '\oifi6s, eiVe Kal /3/\d/3os dXXo, rwv (? t6j') ttclvtuv d/nopcpOTepov rjyov Jjs Trpos dvalav, eh Kadapixbv Kal (papfxaKOv ttoX^cos t^s
voaovarjs
"
ets tottov
re Soz'Tes tj x^P' '^^'- M-S.t^av Kal tV^doas, eirrdKis ydp pairicravTes fKelvov eis Tb Wos ffKlWais cvKais dypiaiS re Kal dXXois Tajj" dypiwv T^Xos TTi'pt KaTfKaLov iv ^I'Xois rols d7p^0is. . . 6 Se
'iTTTTcDva^
&pi(TTa
avuirav
<p7]crl
to
Idos
^ttos
Xiyei
8i
TTOV
tprjcnv
wpcbTix)
Idfx^ip
ypdcpuv
(52).)
(48),
(47), koI
Kal
dWaxoO
wa\iv
dWoa
64
roTTots
de
Tavrd
iv
Kar
idfj-^ui
(49-51),
Kal
dXXaxoC
wov
(prjcriv
tQ
ai)ry
53}
TOVTOiai 9-q7T<>o}V rovs ^Kpvdpalcjv TratSa? toy? jxr^TpOKOLras BoviraXos ovv (f)r]crh
^Ap-^TTj
[kvl^cov
Kal]
t^eAt^cDvt
rov
Bvacowfxov
<XO>pTOV
XTzetz. on Posthomerica, 687
(53). Xf<x>'ov (for \iy- Mus.)
Itttt.
qirov
idavp.a^oi''
to
6ip.a
drjTTw
Kal
)^vaiJi'
Xa/LL^drei,
Kvi^ei.)
52.
dufxds'
TO
dppev
al5olov
Sch.
[6]
rightly.
Hesych.
confuses with
du/uos,
thyme.
del. Blomfield.
53. 1 ^(JTTcov codd. : corr. Bgk. (Hesych. ^t^tttjt^s' dTraretov). kuI^uv (in best 3 dpTov codd. 2 I. Tovs (ten Brink). cod.) might be an explanation of a participle meaning eat, gnaw : possibly dpvxj/iXi^wv (Bgk.). simpler correction would be Kal Kv\pe\i^wv or iKv\pe\ti'. in which case Hesych. would be using a corrupt text. should then further read Kv\pe\iaTr}v in gloss above. But there are many other possibilities, e.g. KeiTat (ten Brink) with \l/\i^wv an otherwise unknown verb.
We
36
FRAGMENTS
52-53
A scapegoat,
follows.
seven times on
's
piece beaten.
(The scapegoat (expiatory offering) in old times was as Did misfortune, by the wrath of heaven, overtake a city, whether famine or plague or other mischief, they led out as to sacrifice the ugliest of all the citizens to be an expiation and scapegoat of the diseased city. And having set the sacrifice at such a spot as seemed fit they placed in his For after hand cheese and barley-cake and dried figs. beating him seven times on the penis with squills and (rods of) wild fig and other wild trees they finally burnt him on a .^ Hipponax describes the fire of timber of such trees, custom best (47). Elsewhere he writes in the first book of iambi (48), and again elsewhere in these words (49-51) and
.
Tzetzes.)
With these things Bupalus with Arete From day to day scuffled ^ his damned fodder.
Oriirov
'
they marvelled
'
'
pres.
drjiru
so Hipp.
(53),
'
Tzetzes.
'
scuffle
' :
tear,
Hesych.
'
'
as well as he can recall first cites Lycophron and then these passages, which is merely a hypocritical cloak for the fact that he has borrowed them from commentators on Lycophron, ^ Like a hen, I take it, ' ^7j7r<e>w must, however, be taken transitively.
^
Tzetzes
'
liim'
37
HIPPONAX
54
V
tl'^tt
Std
arjyia
jjivrjixa
Avhcov
Tvyeco
trtuTOS"
7Tap[a]
tov
t'ArraAeoDt
/cat
/cat
t/xeyaarput arrjXrjv
5
/cat
TTpos rjXiov
o-ri'xoi
/cat
'Ittt.
rpiavWd^ovs
Schol.
t7ra(rai'+ (54).
'Itttt.
fj*
T(j
ri'^ou 8e arina roD eVe? ^ainXeiVafros, u>j jivTrdXvTa' Trpu}T(f tQiv [AvS^as] Idfi^uv.
fieydXov Hesych.)
55 2"
[/cat]
i^apd^aaa
(Tzetz. in
9j
An. Ox.
308. 20 ro nirpov to AiopiKov irapiXei^pa dXXuv I'd/U/S. /x. Kara ttjv /3' ^^ci/jac ^ 5^ Kai 5dKTvXov d>s icbxpovov rtp
AupiKov'linr, {55).)
the text of Tzetzes read TrdXiv (Meineke) for In schol. Nicand. Ai^Sias (idem) is a gloss on iKfl. 2 scans Wl byb. A. but read idv. 4 ixvraXLbi. Tz. Hesych.'s
54 In
irdaav.
gloss
was connected by
Bgk.
and
M. Schmidt.
For
No weight of textual evidence suggestions on text see notes. will induce me to believe that the list contained foreign I fancy there is an dynasts, paramours and bastards. Perhaps begin 65bv allusion to the conquest of Lydia. reiopiis' KUKovpyos, XriaT7)s (Hesych.). idv. TfuipevecFKe 55 ? fJLvairav : and give /xvairirj (Hesych.) to Hippon.
.
1 Unfortunately we are helpless here. There seems no reason to suppose the corruptions are slight. Attales (Nicol. Dam. fr. 63) is mentioned as a bastard, Seaoio-Tpios Bgk.'s suggestion in v. 3 intrudes a foreigner, and any unknown name or person is improbable. Perhaps fxeyaarpv is partly
38
FRAGMENTS
Through Lydia
straight
54-55
by Alyattes' burrow,
By Gyges' grave, and Ardys' tomb mighty And Sadyattes' monument, great tzar,
His belly turning, as he went, westward.
(Verses of Hipp, with trisyllabic penultimate feet
.
Again (54). Tzetzes [He mis-scans 'ArraAeuj as 'ArraXetD !]. The tomb of Gyges wlio was king there, as Hipp, says in Commentator on the first book of his [Lydian] iambi.
Nicander's Theriaca.
|AVTTdXvTa
:
'
great.'
Hesychius.)
knocking
(By a slip of memory I passed over the Dorian metre, which more than other iambs contains spondees in the second,
fourth or sixth place, or rarely a dactyl as its metrical equivalent. Dorian verse of Hipponax (55). Tzetzes.) [Tz.'s next citation suggests that he scanned /xu^oT: but fancy he read rrju /j.vi^di> Kara t7?s pLvbs when we need only I read ck for kclto. to get good sense and metre.] ^
composed of an old gloss ixeyiarov on ^fivrraKvTa] {infra) like Hesych.'s ixeyaXov, The remainder may be Kal <irap'> 'Ap5i'os <jTr)\7]v. In V. 2 'A\va.TTw Schnw. is the nearest.
TOcraSuaTT
TrdX/xuSo? 4 TUToa ijLVTTdXvTa might stand for rwXi'arrew. is known (Choerob. i. 232) to be an error, and anyhow it must have v. I suggest e.g. Kal to liaSi'drrew /xvrjii.ia Avoiwf "Atdos (Cr.) is nearer, but A. was never Trd\iu.vos or wdXfxv. a ruler (Hdt. i. 34) so iraXfx. would have to go into another verse. On the main point, that we have a list of Lydian kings, I fancy the version is not misleading. ^ Before this may have come airoo-KafxvvSt^civ: dwofj-vKT-qpl^Lv Hesych. to strike the nose with the cf. (XKivdapi^nv
In
V.
'
middle
finger,' id.
S9
HIPPONAX
5611b So?
X'^atv^av
'iTnrcovaKTf
6
e/c ttjs ZtoSs ^oCov fxiya Kal iyw ixbvos eifii 7rXoi)(nos,' bparai TToWaKis eV dXXorpiais di'pais Xeywv (56). The first verse is quoted with variations of the moral 1068 b and 523 z. See below. It is possible that the order is fr. 57 and fr. 56. ptyui + Kai ,3. 1 + (irei'xofjLai So I translate. Then follows 59 perhaps with only two words missing.
5e
KeKpayu)s
eyu: fiovos
el/j-i
^acrtXei'S,
^t'A' 'Ep/u.77,
[i7Tvxo{Mai roi'
fT^pa^ fxapTvplas (Tzetz. Lycophron 855 -^ XP^'i^ '''o' dKovaov (57) Kal fierd nva (pr]<jip (59). Priscian de metr. Com. Hipponactem etiam ostendit Heliodorus iambos p. 251 L. et choliambos confuse protulisse (57) fTret'xouai toi.' Kapra yap KaKLOi piyH). p. 247 L. (21 B Bgk.) Heliodorus metricus
'
ait:
Itttt.
idyix/3ots.
Hipp, in primo ipew [yap ovtu} Kv\\r)i>Le Maid5os 'Epfj.7j]. Iste enim versus cum sit choliambus, in quarto loco et quinto habuit dactylos, cum in utroque debuerit a brevi incipiens pes poni. In eodem (58). Iste iambus habet in secundo loco spondeum et in quarto {an error for tertio) dactylum.)
58^3^
Tj
S'
6a(f)vi]ya
Kal
ohwocmaS
aipelrat,
yepovra <vtoh6v
ff
Ka.Tep6(f}daX[JLov>
(Plut. Mor. 1057 f Kal Kar AiVxt'Xoy (an error of memory) ' oaipvaXyovs KwdvvoairdSos \vypov y^povros,' Lex. de Spir. p. 234 Valck. 6<r<j>vT||* . . . ws rb da<pvTJyos yepovros. Priscian (i.e.) gives [rot's auSpas tovtovs] odvfrj vaX\ipeiT{orir)af.)
. . .
56. 2 ^an^aKv^w : corr. Schnw. 57. 1 u ^i\' Tz. p,ur) or epai? Prisc.^ epeoo Prise. ^ MaidSos In Prise* Tz. ex gloss, quod integrum in Prisc.^ habemus.
The words perhaps an explanation of epew. to 'Epfxr} are clearly a parallel citation, e.g. yap ovtw (prjaL kt\. Iste enim versus,' etc. not unnaturally in a citation from Epic. KvWrjueie Welcker. vwbop etc. The Plut. Mor. 1058 a. 58. 2 e.g. diSe. Lexicon is no doubt quoting from a better ms. of Plutarch
eTre^xo/"'!'
is
from yap
'Avri',uaxo5
'
than we possess.
40
FRAGMENTS
56
and
I'll
56-58
57
say dear son of Maia, Cyllene's Lord, give Hipponax a great coat
chilly
chilly
'
Am
'
listen to this (57). Later he says (59). Tzetzes. Heliodorus shows that Hipponax wrote a mixture ofcholiambics and iambics (57). Priscian. Heliodorus the metrist says Hipponax broke many of the iambic traditions. He says in the first book " For I will say thus son of Maia, Cyllenian Hermes." This verse, although a choliambus, has dactyls in the fourth and fifth place, although there should be in either place a foot beginning with a short. In the same book (58). This iambus has in the second place a spondee, and in the fourth (he means " third ") a dactyl.' Priscian.)
' :
58 <She> a hip-shot old man, pain-racked, chooses,^ <Toothless, one-eyed> (And to be changed from what Aeschylus (? Hipponax) calls a hip-pained sorry old man to a beautiful god-like Plutarch on The Stoics say, etc. Hipfair shaped youth. Breathing Dictionary.) shot e.g. hip-shot old man.
'
'
'
'
^ It is clear that Heliodorus drew the verses from a copy of Hipponax' works interlarded with glosses and marginal comments. Perhaps these were the first verses. ^ Priscian gives
Indeed all these men in a pain racked chooses. Plutarch in the next sentence to that quoted, speaking of Odysseus in Homer, introduces some details, I suggest from Hipponax. The reference would be to Arete and Bupalus.
41
HIPPONAX
59o4A
;![^Aatv'at' 'iTTTTiLvaKn /cat KviraaaiuKov Kat aa/jL^aXiaKa KaaKeptaKa Kal ;)(puCToiJ OTaTrjpas e^rjKovra rovrepov tol)(ov.
Sos"
(Tzetz. Lycophron 855 oSros daKepas to. viroSrj/jxiTa ov koXws \iyei (59). daKipai'- be KVpius to. iv rois iroffl iriXia iJTOL oprdpia^ Xfyovrai Kai j^Xalx'aj'' rb (j<piKTOvpiov^ Kal Kviraaa'KTKOv^ to eTTiXiopLKovJ ovTOS Se 6 XvKoippuiv, Kalvep iiTr' AtVxi'Xou KKiwTuiv
Xe|ets
Tivdi,
ef
'Itttt.
5e
irX^ov,
. .
.
eiri'Xricr/xwi'
S}v,
ij
/xt)
voGjv
ravras, aWriv dXXws eKTidei dXX' dxoi'e ttiDs (pijcrip Itttt. ^yvii3s oTi did TO eiireiv Sacreias rdj d(7Kepai to. oprdpid (60).
(prjcTLi' ;
ij
. .
(57).
/cai
60 o
ifiol
yap Iovk ehcoKas ovre ^j^Aati^avt Saaelav, iv )(iiJicovL (fxipfiaKov piyevs, OVT daKeprjaL rovg TToSag haueir^uiv CKpvipas oj? < jJLOi firj > )(^ip.erXa yl[y\r]Tai,
61
8e IlXovrog,
ecrrt
yap
Xiiqv
rv^Xos,
(Tzetz.
'
on Ar. Plut. 90
TOVTO
ok
tov WKovtov
(prjcnv
Itttt.
e^
iTTTTttivo/CTOs
ff(peTpi<Tdnevo^
(pTjal
yap ovtws
(61)
Kal TToXX'
59 In almost all codd. the text is covered with glosses. Besides the three explanations above, over rovrepov is lwi'lkQs (sc. for Attic dar.) and /xepovs over roixov. One codd. has rov veprepov roixov (? an error for evdorepov). fioi after Xpv<Tov codd. plur. 60. 1 One cod. has rdv x^'^^''-^^9- '^f '^'^ Scaliger. 3 oaaeirjaL one cod. ^T^crt. 4 piyvvrai one cod. Y'Y''. corr. Hoifmann. m^? Ato' codd. crot corr. id. Bgk. dpyvplov codd. 61. 3 roi codd. Kal TToXX' Kr\. has falsely been given to Hipponax: cf.
:
Kal woWaxov dvcrr-qi'd Toiavrl Xeyei Aeschrion (fr. 1 q.V.). Those who insist on giving them to Hipponax should read deiXdyos ydp and find a substitute for rds (ppevas.
42
FRAGMENTS
59-61
59 Give to Hipponax a great-coat, shirtlet, and sixty Sandals and carpet-slippers Staters of gold by th' inner wall hidden.^
;
slippers for boots 'Slippers' properly mean the felt -shoes, that is ortaria, worn on the feet, great-coat the sphictorium, and shirtlet the epiloricmn. This Lycophron, though stealing some words from Aeschylus, while preferring Hippon., either from forgetfulness or ignorance of their sense uses them anyhow. Listen to what Hipp, says (60). You realize that by calling them shaggy he means ortaria. But cf. Later he says (59). Tzetzes on Lycophron.) (57).
' '
(59).
'
'
60
(yet) great-coat
in winter,
Nor
shaggy
My
61
my
chillblains growing.
But never came there Plutus, the blind one, Hipponax Unto my house, nor spake thus Minas of silver give I thee thirty.'
: '
[Etcetera
is
paltry] .^
(He calls Plutus blind, borrowing the epithet from Hipponax, who says as follows (6 1 ). Tzetzes on Aristophanes'
Plutus.)
^ Tovrepov tolxov is of course the inner wall by which the host sits (Horn. I 219), and the gold is to be there since the task of the thief who digs under the walls (roixwpi'xos)
would thereby be rendered more difficult. Refer perhaps to passage the word TOLxo5i(prjT(jjp = TOLX'^p'^'X^ cited by Hesych. oprupia and u^i/vt. are both late mediaeval words. I note TToSopTa and ij(pi.KT. in Achnies the oneiromancer. ^ Tzetzes, who presumably borrowed this citation from an earlier commentator, perhaps on Lycophron (1102?), included the last words (which are really the grammarian's
this
Or they may be Tz.'s criticism of L.) in his note. criticism on Aristophanes' peculations from Hipponax.
own
43
(Tzetz.
5e Xf^ts
'Iwvwi'
Kal
633
(
5 Tt
A*"'
^^'^
[ttciA/au];
Vid. supra.)
64yJ
td770
cr'
oXecrLv "Apre/xts',
ere
8[e
/c]'
(LttoX-
Aojvt,
<ae S'>.
(Tzetz.
Toi's
An. Ox.
iii.
310. 17 arixoc
'Itttt.
TpLcrvWd^ovs
^x'^'''^^^
irapaXq-fovTas TroOas (64). Contrast (Bgk.) Hephaestion p. 30 (33 Gaisf.) to 5e x'^^ov ov Sexerai tovs irapaX. rpic. ttoS.
id.
Exeg. in
II.
797
b.)
Q5''l''^
Trap*
(5
av XevKO-neirXov
p,V
rjfxepriv pceivas
TTpos
KVvrjaeL<s>
tov
^Xvqaicov'
'KpflTJV.
Kal
(Tzetz. /L p. 83. 25 H. iiri fivdov ^reWeV virep^arbv <ttl 5^ TovTo 'IwvLKOv (lis <pr)ai. Kal 'Itttt. (64). Kal dWaxov (65).
'I'XvTJtrios' 'E/)/u% Kal
fj-r^v
Hesych.
rts.
v.l.
63 64
TTdX;tii']
v.l. TrdXfxvv
:
see opposite.
Se
Kilnr.
corrected
:
by Meineke.
<i\vT)(Tluiv' Bgk. olim corr. Welcker. 65. 2 Kvv7}criv cod. rectissime. Hesych. (t>\vri(TL]o\s is (?) corrupt, for months may end in -we or -e^hv (so perhaps -ctDv' here). Nor do they
say
6 ArjXiciJv
'AttoXXwv but
6 AtjXios.
44
FRAGMENTS
62-65
LATE CITATIONS
From Uncertain Books
62 Zeus, tsar of Gods Olympian, father
(The word
says (62, 63).
'
Hipponax when he
63
Why,
tsar of silver,
me
(See above.)
*64<
May
(Verses of Hipp. (64) with the penultimate foot trisyllabic. in Cramers Anecdota Oxoniensia. Contrast Hephaestion the choliambic does not allow trisyllables in the penultimate foot.)
Tzetzes
:
65 Whereat awaiting day of white raiment Phlyesiary Hermes thou 'It worship.
('
'
his
elsewhere
transposition (for made good Hipponax too says (64). And Phlyesian Hermes also a
'
month.
Hesych.^)
^ 62 and 63 I have given separately. But more probably they came together and -n-aXfiv is mere dittography, Why gavest not gold nor mountains of silver,' e.g. xp- <v> (so Lobeck) apyvpov TToWov ; ^ Hesychius' note Phlyesian : Hermes, also a month shows that Phlyesiary is the right reading.
'
'
'
45
HIPPONAX
66li
^atnXei'i,
6 5e 'Ptjo-os A/vettS;' Qp^K-q^ t)v Kallwir. 'Hioveos Kal lepxfixopr]? II. 78. 1 H. /cai dfrl tGiv Saaeuv i/'iXd e^eefxJbuow (lis (66). IX" T? dpxni-o- 'luviKrj, iiri^pxiKuiv olvtI rod ewi^pvx'^v, Kai t6 Hesych. NeaipTjcrtv iTnrots* tovs dirb (66. 1), Kai fierap/xocras,
I'ios
(Tzetz.
on Posthomer. 186
Srpi'/ioi'os
t)
On
^eaip-qs.
674
'o
KaKoZai Scoaco
iqv
fXTj
rrjv
ttoXvotovov
Ta.)(LUTa
ijjv)cqv,
jJiOL
d7T07Tfxifjrjs (Ls
(jjs
KpiOdcov
pLehLjxvov
dv
dX(f)irov TroLiqacopLai,
(Tzetz.
TTLvojv,
iii.
(jydpfiaKov 7TOvrjp[i,]oLa<i,>
'^'i'
308
oexo"'"'!'
rpicrvWd^ovs
5", ttXtjv tovs dirb ^pax^ias dpxo/J-evovs, rov xopf^ov (prj/xi Kai rhv dudiraLCTTov ws 6 'Itttt. (69) Kai irdXiv (so Meineke) (68).
Hesych.)
68*?
ipL^oXov (f>evyovTa Trpog Kv^epvrjTiqv' avTT) yap ecrT<a>i avp.(^oprj re /cat KXrjhojv "^viKvpra Kal aa^covii tw Kv^epvqrr] 5
a7T
r]v
avTov <6>
:
6(f)is
'\r(x>vriKvripLLOv to
SaKjjf.
(Tzetz.
66.
1
0 puKpbv ypdcpe,
correxit Fick. 2 oeiovs Kareyyvs codd. 3 onecod.: ;3ao-i\ei'scett. Text Schneidewin. Perhaps there was an incorrect variant I6vs, and kuI eyyvs was wTitten If so 6 is all that is left of the participle in the margin. except that one cod. has an explanation iwv in the margin, 67. 3 Scan Troi/rjuujfxai. or I. -Kov-qa. 4 rrovripioLs cod. corr. Fick. ? waat for Triwijv with d\<piTicv in 3. 68. 1 KaKQv /xoxX-nTd ten Brink. If a vocative, KaTWfj.68apTe is near the traces, but perhaps it is a verb ; e.g. KaKov /j.t) Ixaive or Kar' <hu fxi) x^-^-vi (Hes. KaTaxT]VT)) which might have degenerated into ex^''^- yp^-'Pl^ one cod. v.l. 4 ean v.l. aOrij. 5 vv.ll. aivwvi, da^wfi, aafxavvi. 6 vv.ll. r dvaKei/xevoy, Tuv TiKvri/xuv, tQv Ti Kvij/xevoi'. See Addenda.
QprjLKiojv
iraXd^ias
46
FRAGMENTS
66
66-68
On
cariot and Thracian horses All white he sallied and near^ Troy's castles
There was he
slain tsar
Aeneian Rhesus.
(Rhesus was king of the Aeneians in Thrace, son of Strymon or Eioneus and Terpsichore (G6). Tzetzes on Posthomerica.^ They used smooth consonants instead of aspirated
like old Ionic souting instead of shouting,
resaping.
id.
'
Neaerean Horses
'
61
To woe my weeping
soul I '11 surrender Unless at once you send me a bushel Of barley, wherewithal I may find me, By drinking groats, of all my ills respite.
(Trisyllables are allowed in the sixth foot except those beginning with a short vowel, i.e. ^ ^ ^ and w v^ : e.cf. Hipp. (67), and again (68). Tzetz. in Cramer's Anecdota
Oxoniensia.)
68 Yearn not for mischief, Mimnes.* Cease painting A snake upon the trireme's benched bulwarks Which runs from prow abaft to the helmsman. For this brings evil fame and fate evil. Thou slave of slaves and yid, to the helmsman, If right upon his shin [the] snake bite him.
{cLTTodev
:
omicron.
' '
Scribes ignorant of
:
Read either straight for or salUed hard by.' Tzetzes purloined this note from a long note by an earher editor of Lycophron on the use of TrdX/unj tsar.' ' The criticism (that Kpidiuv is trisyllabic) is erroneous, as erroneous as the criticism of the next citation &.irbdev. Nor can anyone have written 6(pis in 68. 6, as the snake has already been mentioned. In view of this, -twvtIkptj/j.i.ov and odKT), the verse may be an early gloss. If the steerer exposes to the snake the back of his leg or calf the sense of avTLKv. in Hipp.'s time shin or the forepart is somewhat odK-r} unsuitable. has been altered to SuKv-rj. l,d/xopi'a, " God help us," is said to have been another name for Ephesus from its Semitic inhabitants Schmidt on Hesych. * ? Mimnes thou well-bespanked. s.v. T^afiovia.
^
'
'
'
47
HIPPONAX
ms.?) 5^ dyvoTja'avTes to fxirpov fiiya tovto ypd(f>ov(Ti. daau (KTeLvuv diiuaTai 6t (iovXeTai 6 <TTixi(TTTis icrwj TOis diTrXoh lis Tpwer 5' eppiyri(Tav ottws idov aloXoi' 6(pi.v (Horn. M 208). ei 5i /ifiovpov tovtov vo/xi^en dKovaof Kai tQv ko-to. ^Ilixvt] tov ^wypdcpov p^wXuJi' Idfxfiwv
ovToi (the
(TV
'IwTrojvaKTeluiv
(ttixi^v (68).
<P
iSov
iKTadev
vi.
vTTo tov
(cit.
dacreos oi'tos.
icTiv
Ath.
267 c
J
ten Brink)
69 6
ov
fJLOi.
tK/atrtT^S'
(Tzetz. vid. supra 68. Hesych. SovXos" t6 avTb crvv^\ev<nv tQiv yvvatKuiv.)
oiKia
ttji/
eirl
70f
o 8' avrLK
ov yap
(Tzetz. XdXis /J.ev
trapd
TTvdpievi aroL^rjs.
^piriv x'^^'5 ^'^^ ep-n-is 6 olvos. to x^-^^" '''V" ^"o- ijyovv ttiv di'va/jnv epirii 5^ ktX. odev Ka.1 oi AiyvTTTtoi tov olvov epiriv KaXovai. 'IirirwvdKTeLoi he elaiv al Xe^en. <p-qal yap (72). dXXaxov di
TrdXiv (70. 1-3). Kai 6<peXTpot> Kai
on Lycophron 579
On
1165
6<})XTpev(ra)<ri
aapihcrdicc crdpov
(TKOvira
yap
Kai
dcpeX/J-a
Kal
30eX;uos
t;
XiyeTai.
TouTo
'lirir. (pyjalv
(70). in an older
On
Ar. Plut. 435 (f. 2). The second scholium on Lye. ll.cc. Hesych.
II.
fjv.
69. 2 mss give either Karw^ or ktu^ {i.e. ktwlkw). See Bast's Commentatio Palaeographica, Tab. vii. 7, 8. Bgk.'s remark, Sunt enim iambi (sc. recti) is inane, since Tz. quotes for trisyllables (exc. ^ ^ ^ and ^ -^ ) in the final place of
'
'
choliambi.
70.
1
On
2 see nn.
fidpTvpffLv
? ai>Ti%.
Plut.
v.l, cKoiros.
evpujv
^ See crit. n. Bgk.'s suggestion Kaaiop- is excellent. Hesychius' inane note rightly referred here by Ahrens should have provided food for thought for scholars who believe in
48
FRAGMENTS
68-70
must
count
'
metrical rules write omega. But you, gentle reader, realize that an aspirate may at the will of the author
'
two letters and lengthen the previous vowel, e.g. o</>(s in docked Homer, II. (M 208). If you think this verse
cf.
further Hipp.'s choliambi attacking Mimnes the painter aspirate. Tzetzes on (68). Here you have 8(pis before Lycophron. vLKvpras : slave of slave birth. Hesychius.)
69 t Unjust the Chian court that condemned you Tamquam adulter in lupanari ^f
{Tzetzes
:
see
on 68.
Slave
House
or a collection of
women in the same place. Hesychius.) 70 With three to witness he returned straightway To where the runaway his swipes peddles
And found a man who, having no besom, Was besoming the house with a broom-stick.
(' Swipes : booze and swipes are names for wine. The former is derived from brawn and loose, i.e. loosening the strength the latter (etc.). Hence the Egyptians call wine swipes. The words are used by Hipp., who says (70). Again elsewhere (70. 1-3). Tzetzes on Lycophron, 579). On 1165 commenting on the unfamiliar verb " besom" Tz. gives various forms for sweep,' sweeping,' and quotes all four verses. He quotes v. 2 again on Aristophanes' Plutus. They were also given by a previous critic of Lycophron. The hostel of Perdix Perdix was a lame innkeeper after whom some say this proverb became traditional.^ Hesych.)
' : '
'
'
'
the word
verse iv
juaXis
and the
it
like.
As boKd
is
not a trisyllable
Ahrens
Xros eV
oi"
follows that we must end the second one may therefore write {e.g.) with
ibare
/xotxos
dXwi'ai
ooK(fi
KpiriT/s
but it is perhaps permissible to suspect that the whole is a satirical attack on Bupalus ov ixoi dunaiws iv Kpirycn Xioiffi doK^eLS aXuDuac /.lolxo? iv KaaisipiTeco. This I translate. There is a further doubt that really we may have KaruTdTw, a favourite word of Tz. in explanation, e.g. on Lye. 121 iv T(2 Tov KpvTTTOu Kal KaTuiTciTov TOTTov ffripayyL. ^ I suggest that there was an older Perdix who gave rise to this tag if it is choliambic. The famous innkeeper {Av. 1292) of this name was, however, an Athenian. See Addenda.
K.,
:
49
HIPPONAX
71*
<l>X<a.>aKo<ixai a>e
Kat
<''Mrjva<Lr]>>
yxe
8e(T7rdTe<co>
Xa^ovTa XlaaofxaL ae
(Tzetz.
firj
pairiiC^eadai.
iii. 310. 17 (ttIxoi 'iTrirdivaKTos rpitrvWd^ovs wapaXriyovTai 7r65as. . . Tracra {I, irdXiv Meineke) Hesych. Pc^pos* yfvxpos, ttv<Pwijavos. ^i^po^' dyadoi, (71). XpTjcris, Ka\6s' and see below.)
^n. Ox.
^X<"''''fS TOi)s
DOUBTFUL FRAGMENTS
72eQ
toAtya ^pov<e>ovaiv ol
6
-)(a.XLV
TreTTCOKores
ydp
Lycophron 579
possibly to be
Sch. Ar. Plut. 437, on ojs Kal 'Itttt. (72). Verses (see fr. 70), Miller, i/7. 307). ascribed to Ananius.)
73*2
6"
oiJtwj
71.
'A-6r)vai-n ita
ij.d\i^:
Bgk.
it is
the corrupt
but
:
KoviaKeXaipe cett. 'SlaKicTKOviuKe ms. A X'^'^P^ Bgk. rightly jxaXis* 'Adrjvd Hesych. For my explained as a gloss. corr. reading cf. I'XtiOi* x-^pf Hesych. 2 ofciroTea Pfj3pov Schneidewin. The last word is glossed /j.a[. .]ov ? /xaXa/coO
:
. ;
Perhaps
ol
TreirJjKa<nv.
v.l. ireirr-.
50
FRAGMENTS
71
I
71-73
Athene,
cry thee hail and beg that I gentle Master may win, and feel not his cudgel.
Again
(71).
Tzetzes in Cramer's
Anecdota Oxo-
niensia.)
DOUBTFUL FRAGMENTS
72 j"Full
little
wit have
men who
:
(For wine removes wits occasionally too it induces passion as Hipp, says (72). Tzetzes on Aristophanes'' Plutus, Lycophron. Also the Etymologicum, but without naming the author.)
73
fHermes who
followed, son of
Simonax ^f
{dKoXovdrjcTas.
am
Attic.
See on Herodas
73 If Herodian is to be trusted, and his authority is great, is perhaps more likely that aii is some peculiarity of Ephesian dialect, than that it is an innovation of a later writer. Lehrs reads 'E,jm'}s 5' f? 'linrJijvaKTos. But even Herodian may have been deceived hy a false text, and aKo\. is far more fitted to a gloss than to any early Ionic writer. Even Hrd. eschews it. The real word may have taken the
it
genitive.
51
HIPPONAX
74* g
J
di^p oS'
iaTTeprjs
KaOevSovra
am
TO
<(jc>>v
e8<u>cre
:
t;i^Aowryv'.t
(Schol. Horn.
d(ppii'eLi>
Tivei
a<ppnjTriv' x^ovbelv
yap
Be
tQv
75^^^
8.
76*
(Ath. 495 C IleXXa* . . . ei's 5 -fffj-eXyov to yd\a. . \eyei TreWioa (4, 5), 4'oici| 5f 6 Ko\o(puivioi iv Totz Kal ev fVt (pidXris riftriat Xeyojv ovtojs (PhocnixyV*. 4). Hesych. rdpYavoV o^os, AuSot.) fifpei (f>yjaiv (76).
'Itttt.
'IdyUjSots
dXXy
5^
74 Dindorf
V. 2, or
may
be right
end of
Meineke in placing it at the beginning. More probably Bgk. is right in placing X'^oi'''?' at the beginning corr. of u. 1. 2 ovv codd.: corr. Schnw, eo-qae codd. Hermann. Kal r-qy. Ath. corr. Porson. 76. 1 <5e> Schnw.
: :
^ ^ *
I translate
Bergk's conjecture see crit. n. Xenoph(anes) and (S)indi so Hermann and Bergk. 76 appears to me certainly Hipponactean. (a) There
: :
52
FRAGMENTS
74 j"This rogue
^ here as Stripped me.f
'
74-76
at eve sleeping
was
(' Rogue (of a boar) : some explain as ' foaming for certain Dorians spoke of foaming as ' rogiiing.' Others as ' villain : for, they say, one of the old (chol)iambic writers said (74). Xenophanes says that rogue was the name of a clan of Sindi.) ^
' : '
8.)
76
And
With hmping
tarragon out of a smashed paillet fingers of one hand dribbles, A-tremble like the toothless in north wind.^
Pail
'
:
('
.
'
into
speaks of
in
'
it
as
paillet
which they used to milk. Hipp. Phoenix of Colophon in his (4, 5).
. .
'
Iambi uses
it of a cup, as follows (Phoenix, fr. 4). And another portion of his works he says (76). Athenaeus. Tarragon vinegar, a Lydian use. Hesych.)
' :
are no difficulties of metre in the ascription. Every other verse in our frr. of Phoenix is metrically impossible for Hipp. So in fr. 1 v. 1, 3 ?, 6, 8 {bis), 9, 12, 14 {toIol), 15, 17 (see J. Camb. Phil. 1927). (6) The tone is that of a virulent lampoonist, not of a plaintive cynic, (c) The misery of the sketch is accentuated if we transfer this paragraph to the ' pail illustrations, {d) Hipp, certainly used not only TreWi! but also the word rdpyavov as the gloss shows. Phoen. is not very fond of direct imitations, despite Aexos irvpOiv frr. 1,2. If I am right in supposing Plut. had Hipp, in mind when writing on the ultra-poetical absurdities of the Stoics vwoos may also be Hipponactean. As against these arguments we may set x'^^o'"'' (deb. ^^X\.) and olovirep (deb. oVoi/jT.). (/) They are far too good and concentrated for Phoenix. Contrast his /r. 3. (^) What ' other portion ?
' '
53
HIPPONAX
TRIMETER OR TETRAMETER
77^
y
iXaLfj^coaaei
Se
G<e>vi ro
fiaincoo-o-ojv
)(lXos
ajCT<T>
epwSiov.
(Schol. Nicand. Ther. 470
:
Itttt.
(77).
Hesych.
TETRAMETERS
78 ^[j
Xd^ere ix<e>v raL{xdrL<a> Koifjoj J^ovnaXov TOV o(f)9aXjj,6v dfx^Lhl^ios yap elfxi, kovk dixaprdvo) kotttchv.
,
'Api(rTo<pdi'r]s' el vi]
?)
yi'ddovs
aiiT^v
TOVTicv
rpU
^Koxf/ev
(f)ij}V7)v cLv
ovK av elxo".
. . . .
Trapd
tcj)
'Itttt.
(78. 1).
vv
.
Ala
ical a!/6Ls
(78. 1).
Erotian p. 43
d(i(j)i8^|ios
tov evxprjcrrov /card dp-cporepa rd fJ-ep-rj . . . o/xoi'ws Se Kai o'lTTTrivd^ (prjcrii/- {v. 2). Galen, Gloss. Hippocr. 430, Aphorism, xviii. 1. 148 also quote v. 2 but without
6 de 'iTnroKpdTr/i
iirl
KOTTTUIV.)
791."
'^^''
(>i'Kdl,a6aL
BtavTO?
rov
Ylptr]V<o>s
Biayros
Kpiaacov
IIpiT]V6<os
(Strabo xiv. 636, Diog. L. i. 84, Suid. (one cod. -ios) Sikt] and 8iKd5<r9ai.)
s.vv.
77 The words can easily be arranged, with slight alterations, for a tetrameter. But see n. v.l. Xai/xw. aov codd. Some om. oe aov. 78. 1 ? rrjre for Xa^ere. p-ov corr. by Schnw. dalp-dTia Bgk.
for
dolfj-driov
:
rai.
(trisyll.)
Hi.-Cr.
v.l.
BovrrdXui.
2
:
The
fragments were connected by Bgk. Kal ovx, koux mss. corr. ten Brink. Suidas was copying a lost schol. on Arist.
Lys. 360. 79 d Kai kt\. Diog. L. Meineke cj. ttplctw. d SiKaa-acrdaL Strabo. llpLTiveo:^ codd. omn, Suid. Strabo KpeLaawv Suid. Kpdffcrov Diog. L.
:
:
/cat
om.
Kpeaaov
54
'
FRAGMENTS
77 But thy
('
' :
77-79
TRIMETER OR TETRAMETER
lip ravenetli as a heron's.^
'
ing,'
Raving seeking and hastening. Some write ravenmeaning hungry cf. Hipp. (77). Commentator on
:
Nicander''s Theriaca.)
TETRAMETERS
78 Here take
my
'11
Bupalus
pummel
For
I
am
'
not.2
(' Bupalus a name. Aristophanes In faith if some one twice or thrice the jaws of these had pummelled, as it was done to Bupalus, no voice would they have left them.' In Hipp. {IS. I). Suidas. 'Pummel.' In faith,' etc. And again (78. 1). id. 'Ambidexterous': Hippocrates uses of those whose limbs are equally efficient on both sides of the body ... So in Hipp. (78. 2). Erotian. Also
:
' ' .
twice cited
by Galen.)
on
'
Bias of Priene
and
^ With the .Greeks almost all diving birds and sea birds are types of gluttony. With us only the cormorant enjoys Probably read to atv de x^'-^os ware pudiov that position.
It is
by no means
secutive.
55
HIPPONAX
Ka/x.ai'SaiAoy
(Sext.
TTpbs Toiii
Emp.
adv. Math.
i.
Sta^epo/uevwj'
aaTvyeiTovas Kepi
Ka/',ai'6u>\oi' 6 ypa,uiJ.ariKbs
rb'linrwvddri\d^eiv,
KTeiov
Hesych. p.oipvWeiv
eadieiv.)
812?
K.VTrpLa)v
^TTvpayv^
<X>kos
c^ayouat
to p-^pos
Itttt.
Ka^adovaioiv
tQ
6\uj
(Strabo
"Op-qpov.
.
viii.
.
340 avyKaroKeynv
ol
(paai
rbv
xpwi'Tat 5f Kal
ueiirepoL'
//.
p(v (81).
Kvirpioi
yap
Kai
oi 'A/jLadoOffLOL.
Eust.
305. 23.)
ol Se fxev oSovres KOT^> ev roZai yvadoiat TrdvTes <K> KeKLviarai. 'luviKbv , (Cram. An. Ox. i. 287. 28 fiefisTpeaTai* Et. Mag. 499. 41. Miller, Mel. Kai Trap' 'lirwuivaKTi (82).
82^
<ot
83?
te^t
...
I
Tt'AAot
Tt?
avTov
rr)v rpapLiv
VTTopya.<t,o>L.
(Erotian p. 124 rpdniv rbv 6ppov ovirep Kai vwoTavpiov p.epi'rjTai Kai 'Apxi^oxos. Ka\ovp.V Jos Kai 'Itttt. (pT}<Tiv (83). Avcri/xaxos Si top (xcpiyKTTJpa.)
80.
1
p-oi
most codd.
81 ^^Kos
:
XaXdv codd. : corr. Meineke. Ka/navdwdoO AeSeBi-qv trisyll. ? irvpQiv Eust.: irvpbv (payovai om. Eust. codd.
p.v
Strabo ? irvpiuiv Hrd. ; cf. ii. 80. 82 Metre restored by Ahrens. 2 <6K'> ten Brink, di kot I have inserted metri gratia. <t'> Meineke. Clearly the 83 Tpdpiv viropydaai cod. For the alteration comp. difference of tense is indefensible. crit. nn. on 79. I have placed the fragment here following kt\. Bgk. who suggested (k <,Tpixasy, but translate ef Certainly the more probable cause of corruption is the loss Meineke's e^d\-is is wholly pointless. of a word after e$. Erotian does not quote by verses, so that a trimeter is more
:
|
probable.
56
FRAGMENTS
80 Nor
80-83
mumble
dolus
figs
(When the Lebedians disputed with their neighbours over Kaniandolus, the scholar won the case by citing Hipponax' Sextus Empiricus. To mumble chew, eat.
'
'
81
Of Amathusian loaves
. .
(They say that Homer mentions together both the whole and the part. So do later writers: Hipp. (81). For the Amathusians are Cyprians. Etistathius on Homer^s Iliad.)
82
my jaws
. .
out.^
In Hipponax (82).
Number'd
'
Ionic.
mologicum Magnum.)
83
His anus
Anus
'
the
rump
or hypotaurium
e.g.
Hipp.
it
(83).
Lysimachus says
is
the
^ I do not believe in the form (i^Kos in Hdt. ii. 2, in view of the ms. discrepancies and Aristophanes' ^eKK^ffiXrivos. Why p^Kos KvTrpliJiv, not Kvirpiop, and Afxadovcriwu not -lov? And why should a Greek in Lydian territory use a Phrygian word of a Cyprian produce ? \(kos removes these difficulties. ^ Or simply have fallen out.' Teeth are thus said Kiveiffdai in the medical writers Aretaeus, p. 17 Kuehn.
'
'
57
HIPPONAX
84"
* '"*
[d]
rjv
eriKrev
{Et.
Gud.
57.
33 avOT^StoV
ij
e[v]5eLV (so
('Itttt.
ej/
[85 ?
ari^avov
el^ov
KOKKVfxijXcov
/cat
(Ath.
TO
ii.
49 e
.
(irel
oe TrXettrrov iv
.
.
r^
KOKKvp.T)X.ov
.
KaXov/xevov
'Itttt.
ISius
Aa/xaff Kr)v6v.
KOKKVfirjXa /xev
ecm. TavTo.'
uiv
ctWos
re fieftvTjTai Kal
(85).)
86^-
Kal
(Hesych.
(prjffi.
/j-tittip
tCjv
OeCiv
wap' 6 nal
Itttt.
(Inc. 8)
8ta
"^Sep-qvi
KOifj
[Mecrarjv
KaS Se
Xcottos
Inc. 8
86 Cod. Kovpo$, -VKV, -"^'7 corr. Schmidt. It I include here for convenience.
:
is
attributed to
Anacreon by
writers on
Homer, P 542.
It is difficult to
believe that Anacreon wrote scazons, but it is far more probable that we should read eaxtcrev than attribute to oeprju is impossible for Hipp, or Hipponax or Aeschrion. Anacreon, hence read oe p(>'(a).
58
FRAGMENTS
84
84-86
pail there
flower-eater.i
('
flowers.
Flower-eater (Hipp.)
'
Book
(84).
85
[full
(Since
'
damson
.
' .
. .
grows
fruit
in
is
profusion in the
specially
Damascene
district
the
named
it
damascene.' Athenaeus.)
Hipp,
among
others
mentions
(85).
Cybebe
(86).
has
Whence Hipp,
Hesychius.)
(Inc. 8)
Clave through the middle of his (nose) and rent was his mantle.
^ The fragment has been allotted to Aeschrion on the ground of the pedantic word. But I find the diction no more tasteless than that (e.g.) of fr. 15. TrfWa so Bgk. ^ In English damson is of course derived from damascene. The Greek words differ. I have given the verse in the only form in which it approaches metre it is still irregular and
:
:
probably the attribution is mistaken. In Ionic tetrameters separate words cannot form the first two feet,, and elxov is improbable. wSee however Journal Camb. Phil. Soc, 1927, Perhaps read (xricpea ixiv -\a Kai jxlvdriv. p. 46. ^ Inc. 8 is really a plain tetrameter and rent his mantle
'
wide.'
59
HIPPONAX
87* (Anan.
4)
(f)iX4oj
fj.TjTroT
eyoj
(Ath. 370 b
'Avdvios de
(pijcri
(see
on
18)
Kai
(87*).)
(Inc. 9)
Kai aavXa ^aiveis Ittttos oj? Kopo}viT7]s {E.M. 270. 45 8ia(ravX.ov|j.vos wapa rbv aavXov, rbv
*
Tpv(pepbv
/cat
a^pbv.
"Zijj.ujvlo-q'i
(Inc. 10)
(Ath.
vii.
(Inc. 10).)
HEXAMETERS
892
f
MouCTct
rrjv
/i-oi
Xapv^hLv
eyyaarpLixdxo.ipav ,
Koapiov,
kvvecf)
O7TC0S" ipr](f)l8L
iadiet
ov Kara
^ovXfj SrjfMocrLrj Trapd Qlv" dXos drpvyeroio. (Ath. XV. 698 b IloXe/xaii' 5 ev to; owoe/caToj tuiu wpbs Tifxaiov
irepl
tQv Tas
fikv
irapi^bla^
yeypa(p6T0}i'
laTopCiv
rdbe ypdtpei
.'
evpeTr)v
Xeyei yap
ovv tov yevovs iTnrwvaKTa (pareov rbv iafi^oTroibv. oOros (f Toh e^aaerpois (89). Hesych. eyyacTTpiiidxai-
paV
1
TT]v iv Tj]
yaarpl KaraTe/jLvovaav.)
87* Metre forbids us to accept the attribution to Ananius. suspect a dislocation in Ath.'s text or a misunderstanding
of Lysanias. As the rhythm of the first verse is unparalleled in early Ionic writers, it may belong to Herod es. Inc. 10 wcrirep yap A.
irovrox- corr. 1 evpv^lSol'Tla^a : corr. Wilam. corr. Kai. 3 Kaxi) (om. tres codd.) : corr. quis ? inepte recentiores.
89.
:
'.
Bgk.
6s
^wew'
^ If by Hipp, this must be satirical I swear on nothing,' But the metre is late and the author more probably Phoenix or Herod es. Ananius avoided all choliambi but those which ended with four long syllables.
'
60
FRAGMENTS
87*
I
87-89
all
Beyond
love thee most
I
(.
men
cabbage.^
and Ananius says
swear by
. .
this
18)
:
see
on
9)
And
necked
(" Proudifying":
ides in his
Simon^
Iambi
{Inc. 9).
Etymologkum Magnum.)
Like eel on oil-scrapings
{Inc.
10)
(Simonides in his
Iambi
{Inc. 10).
Athenaeus.)
HEXAMETERS
89 Eurymedontiades his wife with knife in her belly ,^ Gulf of all food, sing Muse, and of all her disorderly eating Sing that by public vote at the side of th' unharvested ocean Pebbled with stones she rnay die, an evil death to the evil. (Polemon in his twelfth book of Criticisms of Timaeus Boeotus and deahng with parodists writes as follows surpassed their predecessors. But the actual Euboeus inventor of this class of poetry we must admit to have been
:
:
In his hexameters he
" Inc. 8, 9 and 10 are included here for convenience. Their true authorship is uncertain and their resemblance to Choliambi perhaps fortuitous, ihairep (10) is probably unsound for the old Ionic. Aeschrion and Simonides are confused (6). ' t). bolts her food without slicing it: 1 That is she Hesychius' explanation appears to be very much abbreviated and is as hard as the original.
61
HIPPONAX
90f^
fievoi
Tt
ju,e
aKi,pd(f)oia^
.
artraAAets';
fiakiaTO. iv
liKLpui.
ujj'
/cat Tot
ef
aKipa(j)OL
iKoKovvTO'
8e "lo/^'ts
l,air<povv
o/xoiuis /cat
91
Kv\l/ovv is
(?)
/ciDs
unlikely in an
Homeric
imitation
read with
Bergk
PAPYRUS FRAGMENT
92
rjvSa he XvBi^ovaa ^(acry)[t/copAa^e'
TTvycarl rov TTvyeaJva 7Tap[,
Kai
fxoL
Tov
opxi'V, rfj
a(f>aX[e
KOL Srj Svolaiv iv iT6voLa[LV rj re KpdSrj fxe TOvrepcod\ev avcodev ep.7TL7TTOvaa' k:[co 7r(apa)i/(tSa^a)v ^oX^ltco [ a)l,v he Xavprj- Kdvdapo[L Se rjXdov Kar^ oafirjv 77Xevv[es
Tcbv OL fXeV efX7TL7TTOVr[s
10
Kare^aXov
rov YlvyeXiqaL
(For
all
15
62
FRAGMENTS
90
(.
90-92
?
Why
.
cozenest
me
the Athenians
to assemble in temples
most of all in that of Athene Sciras in the Hence all other dicing-places were called (TKLpatpela. Hence too rogueries in general were called <TKipa<poL dicings on account of the cheating that went on in the dicing-places. Hipp. (90). Eustathius on Homer^s
'
'
Odyssey.)
91
How
formed the accusative of Sappho and So in Hipponax <you get Kypsoun> (91). A Grammarian in the Horn of Amalthea and Gardens 0/ Adonis, Aldine ed. p. 268 verso.)
(The lonians Leto in -oun. ...
.
.
^ In the quarter Sciron.' So clearly Eust. took the derivation of Sciras is disputed.
'
it
PAPYRUS FRAGMENT
92 Then spoke she foreign wise [Venez plus vite ; Hereafter I will pluck your foul anus Then with a bough [where tripped I lay kicking], Battered my .... s as though I were scapegoat, Emprisoned fast in place where twain planks split. Yes, truly was I [caught] in two evils 6 On one side fell the rod above on me, [To my sore pain below upon th' other] Befouled my .... dripped with fresh cow-dung. Then stank the inidden [numberless] beetles 10 Came at the stench [like flies in midsummer]. Whereof some shoved away as they fell on [Perforce their neighbour] some their teeth
: ; ;
:
whetted Some, that had fallen, first devoured th' ordure. More than Pygelean woes did I suffer. 15
;
63
Schmidt
\
s.v.
avpiiSdras
'Neaiprjaiv
|
(Lyd. adv.),
I'ttttois,
\ovTapi^rj/j,a, iiafflySovirov
fiacriKea,
65u}-
Svarai, OfXTrvirj dairi, f6Trw(pa.Taii', llepSiKos KairajXe'iov, toixoOKpTjTup, TLtoKe fj-vdovs, To^lov ^ovvos and e.ff. TOfxevovuL, xarei/ovaa, (ppaoevovcri.
To complete list of addenda to Bergk's edition, I give the following fragment (Diehl addenda) Inscr. Ostrak. Berolin.
:
12605
t&pos"
ivLavTh'i
....
[
'iTrTruica/cTOs*
]oi
irovrjpds
'
Travras
]
AcruTToScjpov iraTda k[
'
apparently with the sense wicked for all his years beyond the son of Asopodorus.' Of certain fragments given by Bergk we may guess at metre in/r. 133 kOuv Xi^w aapKOiu, a dog gnawing In hunger,
|
i)
which
at
Oxyrrhyncus.
Ed.
pr. Rivista
di Fil. Class. 1928. pp. 500 sqq. by G. Co[ppola]. 1 fi corr. from ^i P. 6 KUiOr] ex KaLvq. 8 tv'lwt ex Trei-n-r P. Iotas subscr. om P exc. (io\[ilTu (9). Accents, etc., at 2 irvyeuifa, 3 Kai, 4 T]\oir], 7 t; and rovrep, 8 e/n-rriVTOvaa'K, 9 d^uf, 10 Xai'pr}, 11 Kar and TrXfO^, 13 oV oLOe, 14 oid', 15 7rvy^\ri<n, and perhaps 10 tDfef. Supplements v. I Vogliano and Lobel, V. 4 Coppola (corr. E. Lobel from ica-!r[ep), v. 5 (init.) Co., V. 10 Lobel, 11, 12, and 13 (ddovras) Co., v. 4> . Jttois Co., vv. 3, 5, 8, 13, 14 {^yp. vel ^x"'^"*"') supplevi. I translate v. 2 -is eXuKTi^ov, v. 6 -qypevn-r^v, v. 7 rfKywev, V. 9 KarriffX'^'vd'q, V. 10 rdipttifMif, v. II r} depeo^ /nvTai (following Co.), v. 12 K /SItjj &\\ov^. Only a few letters of the three next verses remain. In rr. 2 and 9 the sense is highly controversial. I translate rrapTiXQ a ai'dis and (paXrjs Kawia (vereor ne o-rrep/jia legendum sit). rd oioi'ia sunt sedes (planks) TTJs XatSpiys in quibus Hipponacteni aut fraude (Decameron, ii. 5) aut casu captum et pronum jacentem Arete spe frustrata tamquam cinaedum (Petron. ch. 138) et impotentem (Burton, Arabian Nights, x. 250) contumelia punit. Nescio an cantharorum dapes et titillationes pro/rJoX/i. viderit mulier. de stercore bovino tantum dici potest. In Xavprj ('midden') excrementa omnius generis coacervantur. Pro ddvpdypiaTa vid. Hesych. dvpay/j.- (extra
.
ordinem):
d(poSev/j.aTa.
65
ANANIUS
1^
"AttoXXov OS <K>ov AijXov -q Ilvdcov^ '^X^''^> Tj Nafot' 7) Mt'ATjTot' r) 6ei<'T]>v i\dpov, lK<e>v Ka<T>' t[e]pa- t7)t YiKvQas a<7T>L^aL.
(Ar. i?a7i. 659 Dionys. (1. 1). Xanth. IfK'/iqaev ovk iJKOvffas ; Schol. Di. OVK iyuy' ewei la/j.^of iTnTtlivaKTOs dveni/jLi/ricTKOfiev. l^|iPov 'Itttt. u)s oKyriffas Kal ffu^Kexi'^ecof ovk olde tl \iyei.' eirei ovk Itttt. 'Avaviov. eTTKpepet 5e 6 'Avavias avrw
'
dW
(1. 2, 3).)
2-
cos"
oySei^
ecrrt
raAAa.
Hvdepnos ov
^iv
aXXffjf
iTTTTLOva^
ev
rots
Idfi^oLS
(2).)
TTov, deiav,'iKov, Ka6\ lepd, dcpi^corr. Meineke. 3 for read Kal, the usual error, and then you may return home,' or better ri . ; 2 ? xpi'"^"?. On the score of metre Ananius must be the author. Note that Athenaeus quotes at second hand.
1
:
1)
'
who had
It is an appeal to Apollo a tendency to wander to the north. Himerius {Or. xiv. 10) tells us (from Alcaeus) how on his birth A. was sent on his swan-car to Delphi b\' Zeus to give law to the Greeks. He immediatelv turned his team to the Hyper^
The
66
ANANIUS
1
Apollo,
now
at Delos,
Pytho town,
? ^
Naxos, Miletus, or Claros divine, why Scythi award must hie First to our rites
:
{Dionysus (1. 1). Xanthias. It hurt. Didn't you hear? Dionysus. Not it indeed a verse of Hipponax I hunted Hipponax this is said for. Aristophanes, Frogs, 659. in his pain and confusion inaccuratelj', since the verse is not by Hipp, but by Ananius. The next verses are (2, 3). Commentator on this passage.)
:
'
'
Aught
else
but gold
is
(This is the Pytliermus whom Ananius or Hipponax Heraclides .t^ as follows (2). mentions in his iambi t. Ponticus quoted by Athenaeus.)
.
He
i(p'nrTaadai). See Wernsdorf ad loc, U. Powell on Simias fr. 1 {Collectanea Alexandrina, Clearly the address is not that made on this p. HI). occasion but merely alludes to Apollo's migratory habits. ^ (t t) perhaps iv dSv^Xw ^ifi\M, I cannot say in which book.
'TTre/.^opeoj//
' . ,
.
67
ANANIUS
3^
et Tt? Kadeip^ai ^(pvGov ev SojjLOig irroXvpi Kal avKa ^atd /cat St' rj rpels dvdpivvovs yvoLTj <K>6aov ra avKa rod )(^pvaov Kpeaao).
iii.
(Ath.
5'
78 d on
5e wdi'Tuji'
ihcpeXifjiJuTepa.
Stob.
4^
=Hippon.
eapL fxev
87.
5^
;^po/xios'
dpiarog, dv9i.<r]>s
i<v>
)(eifj.(jJvL,
Tcov KaXcov S
oifjojv
Kp<Z>as,
heX(f>aKO?
S'
orav Tpa7T<e>coaL
avTT]
/cai
TTareoiaiv
iadUtv
Kal
o'ios
Kvvcov
CLvr
t,a>aLv.
t6<t>
(^pf]
xal
XayaJv
5
KdX(J07TKOJV.
fj
KrjX^raL
^a^pdt/ca/coi^t
dXXd
TToWoi/ edd. But it is doubtful if 3. 1 -tet codd. and the right Ananius ever used the verse-ending ^ reading might be e.g. aXts. d6/j.ois is not Ionic So/xoia' is. yi'oir] x Both writers 3 yvcorj a-xdaofTas Stob. ^""V Ath. (see on Hipp. 75) draw ultimately, I fancy, from Lysanias on the Choliambists. This book probably contained a parallel quotation from Hipp.
:
(pvWocs. corr. Schn. 2 (Cas.) iv 5. 1 -/a? absent in some codd. 3 x'-Z^^PV^ corr. Heringa. 5 ad
:
bxj/ijiv
rfjfiot
6ii
3-5
FRAGMENTS
3 Should any in a room enclose much gold And a few figs and two or three mortals, He'd learn that figs than gold are far better.
figs are more useful than all so-called orchard fruits Athenaeus. Also Ananius the iambist says (3). quoted by Stobaeus the anthologist in his Comparison of Wealth and Poverty.)
(That
.
is,
in
winter the
young
kid,
to eat the flesh of pigs the autumn grapes treading. This is the time to eat of whelps, of hares and
And sweet
of foxes.
And
But
^
'
hoppers chatter. then the tunny from the sea no paltry food
renders,
set in cheese-cake shineth out
fishes.
among other
Angler
Salmon,' really umber see Isaac Walton, Compleat I avoid the familiar English "grayling," ch. vi. Our mackerel is most pleasursince the date does not fit. ably caught in August (in a light wind, sails reefed) oflp the Devon coast and eaten within an hour or two, but it keeps " ill in summer. See Casaubon.
:
Meineke
avToerav
:
is
prob. right
fxvTT.
:
rod' codd,
olos
expl.
Casaubon.
8
efj.-
corr.
Heringa.
corr.
for
?
^a^-6^'
e.g.
deiXdv.
TTpe-rreis v.l.
Bgk.
69
ANANIUS
^ovs
he TTiavdets, VVKTOJV TjSvs
So/cecD
/xeV,
kul
fxeaeojv
K-qfj.epr]s.
10
toutov pLefxprjrcu (Ath. vii. p. 282 b dvGias* KdWixt^vs. 'ETi'xap/jtos ev "H/3as Fd.ucfj (fr. 58 Kb.) /cai cr/ct0tas Xpof^'-^ ^' Xvaviov ixOvtjiv trdvTwv aptdTOi dvdLai 5i Ss fv to; ^pi Ka-Trbv
'
Xft/J-o-Ti.
70
FRAGMENT
A
('
5
o'
ween,
is
sweet
day and at
Anthias beauty-fish. Mentioned by Epicharmus in The sword-fish and the chromis Marriage of Hebe which in spring Ananius says Is best of fish, as winter brings the beauty-fish the best.' Ananius' words are (5). Athenaeus.)
'
:
his
'
'
71
HERODES
MIMES AND FRAGMENTS
INTRODUCTION
The papyrus The (135).^
of Herodes
is
in the British
Museum
by Kenyon dates from 1891. Rutherford's edition, based on Kenyon's proofs, was published soon after. Rutherford contributed something but his very loose handhng of the text drew \-iolent criticisms from Nicholson (Librarian of the Bodleian, Oxford) in the Academy, September 26October 31. Since then few English scholars have ventured to publish without an examination of
editio princeps
:
the papyrus.
Many
other English
critics,
notably
Walter Headlam and E. L. Hicks (subsequently Bishop of Lincoln), published in the same journal. In 1922 Biicheler published an edition based on a wide knowledge of classical literature, especially the more obscene Roman WTiters Crusius' Untersuchungen appeared the same year. Crusius had spent great care on certain ^\Titers of whom Babrius was one but his editions display a grave lack of judge: :
in preferring the text to the corrections, in sustaining the most obviously false readings, and in regarding Herodes as tending rather to the vulgar His style than, as is the fact, to excessive artifice. treatment of the text was honest and exceptionally careful, but he was quite devoid of palaeographical
^
ment
74
INTRODUCTION
skill. Blass was the only sound reader, always with the exception of Kenyon, who had to sustain the facts of palaeography like Athanasius against a Avorld of heretical misreadings and performed the task with extreme courtesy and an admirable firmness which in only one case ^ relaxed. The only flaw in Kenyon's work was that neither he nor anyone else had then any distinct idea of the proper treatment of papyri in consequence the mounting was in places very faulty, and only lately several errors have been removed. In 1892 an edition by Herwerden appeared in Mnemosyfie and in 1893 R. Meister published an edition, the interest of Avhich lay in the view that Herodes wTote in perfectly good Ionic a view which can only be disproved by the number of cases (e.g. utK-) where the true Ionic (aeiK-) does not suit the metre. For the following years only Crusius and Headlam continued the intensive study of Herodes Headlam with an obstinate refusal to publish a full edition when problems remained of which an accurate solution might be found and Crusius with a stream of editions (last 1914) which displayed a satisfaction in a quite illiterate text and conjectural supplements. Meanwhile, however, R. Herzog made some excavations in Cos, which appear to comphcate the problems of Mime IV., and some valuable notes on archaeological points. In 1904 (Dr.) J. A. Nairn, headmaster of Merchant TayMr's School, published an edition embodying most previous research the main flaw being that the editor continually accepted theories based on quite inconsistent premises. In 1922 appeared an edition of Mimes I. -VI. by Professor
: : ;
Nairn's reading
i.
82
is
wholly impossible.
75
HERODES
which displays the sound taste of P. Grooneboom ^ a widely read scholar and clear, lucid and consistent judgement. The editor wisely follows Blass and Kenyon for text, but was unable himself to contribute
:
anything.
plete notes were published by the Cambridge University Press with an illustrative text and what was practically an editio princeps of Mime VIII., with the loose fragments pieced together. The main value of this edition (and, in a lesser degree, of Grooneboom's) should be to destroy the idea that Herodes was a writer who shows any relation to the ordinary speech, or that his connexions, aims, and methods are other than literary. The following is a list of some recent work on
Herodes
^
Herodas Tlie Mimes and Fragments. With notes by Walter Headlam, Litt.D., Cambridge, 1922. Les Mimiambes d'Herodas I-VI par P. Grooneboom,
:
Groningue, 1922.
^
Eroda I Mimiambi.
:
Testo Critico e Commento per cura di Nicola Terzaghi. Torino, 192.5. Die Mimiamben des Herondas. Otto Crusius von Rudolf Herzog. Leipzig, Zweite Auflage
.
1926.
*
sqq.,
Ixxxii. pp.
^ This edition should be consulted for work between 1906 and 1922. - With translations. ^ Mr. H. I. Bell's Bibliography of work on Papyri has been very helpful. Dr. P. Grooneboom has also sent me
literature.
76
INTRODUCTION
A. D. Knox, C.B. xxxix. pp. 13 sqq., Philologus, Ixxxi. 241 sqq., Phil. Woch., 1926, 77 sq., C.R. xlii. 163. A. E. Housman, C.R. xxxvi. 109 sqq. (a certain explanation of ii. 65-7)Kalinka (Akad. der Wiss. in Wien Sitxb., 197 Bd. 6 Abh.). Meerwaldt (Mnemosyne., liii. 393 sqq.). Radermaclier (Der Lehrer des Herondas Sonderabsdr. mis Wien. Zeifschr. fur Volkskunde, 30, 192.5). Vogliano {Riv. di Fil., 1925, 395 sqq.). W. M. Calder, G.R., xxxviii. 113 sqq. (a useful note on Nannakos). H. J. Rose, C.Q., 1923, 32 sqq. J. M. Edmonds, C.Q., 1925, 129 sqq.
:
W. W.
VollgrafF,
Mnemosyne, 1927,
p. 104.
Of these writings it is only necessary for immediate purposes to observe that Terzaghi (1925) makes no
effort to give a correct text, and that Edmonds' notes are wholly deficient in objectivity and appear to be wanting in appreciation of the author's meanRudolf Herzog's ^ articles are of ing and style. course in a different category. Bound, in some sort, to the cartwheels of earlier Teubner editions, he has yet adopted and contributed a large number of Unfortunately on many points he improvements. retains theories of Crusius' which are obviously inadmissible and his valuable discoveries in Cos have led him to take Herodes as a critic of actual
:
life in
surprise no one
more than
Herodes.
To return to the papyrus. It is of curious form, with few verses to the column. It dates from perhaps about A.D. 100. It is wi-itten by an imtrained
1 Besides acknowledged points of parts in VII.
owe
to
him the
allocation
77
HERODES
hand, and various errors suggest a more cursive hand for its immediate archetj^e. It was cheeked Avith indifferent care, the reviser wTiting the mark / against the left of the dubious verse and calhng attention to false scansions by the usual method of placing quantitative marks on the top. The actual corrector missed many false verses even where his attention was so called. Even so there are very numerous corrections and apart from cases where, as so often happens, the corrections (written above or in the margin with occasional cancellation of the false letters) are themselves inaccurately placed, all corrections of every sort by whatever hand are for the better.^ The theory that corrections to normal grammar were ever made is absurd, since it is patent that no scholar ever touched this text or any ancestor otherwise we might have valuable marginal
; ;
notes. Long i is indifferently \\Titten i or e(, and ei. is indifferently WTitten et or t or t or h. To save space I have not noticed cases in my critical apparatus. For xw, etc. (P) I -wTite <k>w without note in crit. app. And so in other erases and elisions except after prepositions but see iv. 83, viii. 52, Similarly I have standardized the contraction k/)- for kuI k-,
:
giving K<ip- where P has ku.-, I have omitted to note places where P gives punctuation (by gaps), and numerous omissions of iota subscript. I give the speakers' names, which are not given by Pj and note by the symbols [ ] in text, and < > in translation where P fails to note change of speakers (by paragraphus Further I have omitted to note ).
iii. 91, and vii. 104 where, in any case, the erroneous correction is by the first hand. Occasionally, as at iii. 53, the correction has miscarried.
Except at
INTRODUCTION
in full or contracts, except in cases of possible interest. It need only be pointed out that at vii. 96 either tt/jt/^is- or Trp/y^etv is admissible. The papyrus has suffered little from worms except at vii. init. Some damage due to ling before reaching the British set right.
where P writes
Of the Bude edition (1928 Laloy et Nairn) I have taken all the notice necessary for a student of Herodes see the crit. nn. on ii. 15 and viii. 8. The reader should be warned that the Bude text (e.g. I at i. 81, 82; viii. 47; ix. 8) is very inaccurate. should have included among the list of signs omitted in my crit. app. cases {e.g. v. 6) where a hard verse is measured for metre by insertion of dots between feet. In iv. 70 I ought to have noted 7r>//xiyn';y,
:
79
nPOKTKAI[S] H MA2T(P0n)0S
MHTPIXH
0[peicr](cr'),
lA-Ul
''"['S']
oj/ret
TTCtp'
i^ dypoiKiT]?
rJKet,;
t(is'
r)[rjv]
dvpiqv;
young and
slave Threissa
winter.
A knock is heard. The season is Time and {for us) place are not clearly marked. For the latter Cos is perhaps suggested.
in
the room.
V.
56 has the
clue.)
METRICHE
Threissa, list, a rap at the door ours be here from the estate.
go see an any of
THREISSA
Who
Tis
knocketh
GYLLIS
I.
THREISSA
Who
art
thou
See there
Who
art
thou
^ The speakers are allotted (mainly by punctuation) accurately except that in v. 8 dot'Xij ' wench,' is given to Gyllis.
81
HERODES
FTAAIS
dyyeiXov evSov
^IrjrpLxr]
7Tap{e)vadv
pL.
MHTPIXH
/caAei.
Tis eoTLV
rXAAIS
ryAAt?,
aiJLp.t<rj>
FuAAtS"-
MHTPIXH
arpeipov tl, SovXrj.
Tv?^Xis, TTpos Ty/xea?;
ris oe [xolp
rt
eVeta' iXOetv,
av 6[os Trpojs dvOpiL-novs; 10 TJSrj yap elori irevre kov, SoKew, (jxijves) e^ ov ae, TvXkis, ovh^ ovap, /Lta rds Motpaj, TTpos rrjv 6vp7]v iXdovaav elSe tls Tavrrjv.
TTAAIS
lxa.Kpi]v dTTocKeo),
oaov to yap
aKtrj
yrjpag
15
KaOeXKCi
kyj
TrapdcrTiqKev.
[mhtpixh]
.
.].e
/cat fxrj
o'iq
5. 6.
eV
ef]
yvWLs and
P, with
correction
in
margin.
/j.rjTpixvi-
(i.e. Trap'
K.
15.
/nvi,
P7. a/j./xia P : corr. R. 9. tt P suppl. P. 10. suppl. corr. to irpos) K. 12. TavTTjv by correction from ravryi^ P (K.). oaov P with p-vaoaov in faint small letters in margin
82
MIME
Gyllis,
I.
5-18
within that
am
here.
s voice)
Admit
her.
Who
is it ?
GYLLIS
METRICHE
To your wheel, wench. What fate, Gylhs, beguyled you to come to us ? Why camest angelwise ? 'Tis now, I ween, five months since any beheld you, even in fancy, come to this door, the Fates be witness.
GVLLIS
and in the alleys the mud is knee-deep and I can no more than a fly for eld weigheth upon me, and the Shadow standeth by me.
I live afar off, childe,
;
<METRICHE
^>
Time
indicated
(J.
H. Wright).
16. T?^e]cts
supplied
by K. from Stob.
. .
Fl. cxvi. 18 where some codd. have v. 15 fxvioffwv, /xvoaujv, K-qv for Kal, and irapacFTrjKiL or wapeaTTjKiq. 17. .] {d)eKaijj.r] P.
''
<TO"
(so
Mn.):
? e'pfioe,
unless
>'eas'
be possible.
KaraypevdovF.
18. suppl.
by Tucker.
R
83
HERODES
<rTAA12>
atA(Aan')e*
ravra
rfjs
veojreprjs
VfJ-lv
irpoaeariv.
<'MHTPIXH>
dAA' ov TOVTO
<
ixrj
depfjL-qvrj.
20
PTAAIS >
rjhrj
aAA',
CO
p^Tjpati'ets
Xpovov jJLOvrj rpvxovcja ttjv pnav kolttjv ; i^ ov yap ei? AcyvTrroi' iaTaXrj }*[dv8pis 8eV etcrt firjves, Kovhe ypdp.pia gol 7re/LA77et,
dAA' iKXeXrjurai Kal TrerrajKev k Kaivrjs. Kei 8' ioTLV OLKos Trjs Oeov- to. yap Travra, oaa^ GTt, Kov Kal ytver , ear ev AiyvTrTcuttXovtos,
deal,
25
TTaXatarprj, bvvajjus,
vhi.{r]),
(8)d^a,
30
da* dv XPTi^Tfs> yvvaLKes, OKoaovs ov p.d rrjv "(A)t8ea; l^ovp'qv ^lovafjov, oluos,
dyadd 7Tdv<r>'
{dare)pas iveyKelv ovpav[o\s KeKavx'rjTat,, TO 8' et8os' oiat Trpos ndpt[v] ko<t>' wppLYjaav 35 ^(e)at KpC\{d)rjvaL KaXXovrjV {X)d6oi[x* avrd? ypv^aaa^ ko{C)7]v ovv TdXaiv{a) av ijjvxrjv /car' ovv Xt^aeig e';\;oucra] daXTrets rdv hi(f)pov ; yrjpdua] Kal aev ro (LpLov T(f)prj Kdipei. 7Td7Trrj]vov dAAr; K-qfiepag fierdXAa^ov r{6vy] vovv (h)v^ r) rpels, <K>lXaprj KardarrjOL 40
(7rp)]os'
dAAov* vr]vs
fJLirjs
err
t]v
ayKvpT]s
eXdrj
ovK
da(f)]aXT]s 6pp.{e)v{a)a-
Kelvos
19. (nX[(\)a](ii')
suppl.
by K.
and
vewTepTT^av/^tv AlKOS
P.
23.
jj.di'dpLs
P.
25. eK\e\rjo-Tai P,
Kaiv-q's
P:
kw-tis in
84
MIME
Jest on
:
I.
19-1-2
<GYLLIS>
'tis
the
wives.
Let not
<GYLLIS>
lihed wearying thy sole
art thou a widow, in lonebedde ? Since Mandris fared He to Egypt 'tis ten months ne a jot sent thee. hath forgotten thee and quaffed anew. There is the goddes house. No being nor creacioun but what is wealth, grounds of disport, power, climate in Egypt
Well, childe,
how long
demesne of the Brethren Gods, right noble the king, the Museum, wine, all boons man mote crave, women, 'a Hell-Maids name, more than sky vaunteth of stars, and in countenance as what [goddesses] of yore came unto Paris for deeming of their beautie, pray they hear not my prating. [With] what intendiment then warmest thy seat ? [Eld] will steal on thee and ash ^ devour thy bloom. Spy elsewhither, and for two or three days make change of your mind, and be chearfull
safely
^
[once more] toward another. Ships ride [not] on one anchor. An He come, <thence> shall
the ash on a torch creeps over the ember.
As
margin.
26.
kI
P.
28. wa'XaLffTpr) P.
(0a)
a-ya.
31. marked as corrupt. 34. [Tr]vo)o\pLv P with 33. so Hicks. 35. so Buech. explained by Hdl., B!. KaToOfX-nacii P, 37. suppl. R. {e.g.)
uipL/lov
iravB P.
superscr
P.
xw
36. suppl. Hdl. 38. suppl. R. 40. suppl. Bl. 42. so Hicks.
8.5
HERODES
]
[ -l^L']
/''''?
els dvaaTT]arj
T^j/Ltea?
(i>tX(rj)
to 8etv(a)
](Xa),
S'
45
TO ixeXXoJv
Gvvyyv[s]
rjjJLeojv
]ldXr))[.]s.
ripilv;
ovhe
e[i]s.
rxAAis
aKovaov
hrj
d aoi
)(^p\et]l,ova
cSS'
IJSt^v
aTrayyetAat
50
o MaTaA[t]p'>jS"
StS S'
TT^S"
dvSpas 8e
y?^?
a(f)prj{y)i.g,
55
Ta OTrXdyxv'
/cat
ep(jo\TL\
KapSirjv dvoLaTprjdeis,
icf)'
/xey
oy're
vvktos ovt'
rjjxepiqv
AetTrei
TO
/cat
8d)[JLa,
[re^Kvov,
/cat
fjLOL
aAAa
jU,eu
KaraKrAatet
TaTaA[t]^et
noOecov aTToOvrjaKei.
Mr^TpiXT^ , fiLav TavTr]v
Xddr] ae Trpoo^Xeipav
44.
<pi\r]'
60
aavT-qv, to \y\ripas
43. e.g. T^dprjKev' (R.)
firj
oLiKOvv.
Nairn.
45.
e.(/.
'(piXel
rdd'
jfTjiiieiov
ai'OpuiTToi';
yap-q/xnov
e.(/.
{audpuiro}!/ first
yevidXricr'
fo??
(Cr.)
with
86
MIME
none
raise
I.
43-63
tSo runs the world.
leav]es,
us again, deere.
and none
of us conneth [what will be] for [life] is unstable to the [generaciouns] of man. But say an any be hard by.
METRICHE
None.i
GYLLIS
Gryllos, son of Mataline, woman of Pataikios, victor of five prizes, as boy at Pytho, twice at Corinth over downy youth, while twice at Pisa in
boxing he overwent his rival men, of fair wealth, moving no mote from ground, seal untouched to Cytherea he at the Descent of Mise set eyne on thee, and his harte was stung with passion, and his entrayles swollen night and day long he quitteth not my house, childe, but weepeth over me, calling me fond names, and of yearning perdy dyeth. But childe Metriche, prithee, this one errour grant to devote thyself to her,^ lest eld espy the goddes
None' is said by M., but the changes of speaker are marked only by spaces. ^ Understand e'c avrrj^ so Grooneboom. One might com^
' :
(p. 244.
e^r}prr)fj.ei'yji'
or eK
.).
dvdpdjTTwv.
is
Nicholson
rjyttwi'
P.
in
error prefixed : v 48. read and supplied by A 49. supp. Hardie. 50. MdraK P.
<!>
mark of
margin. 54. KaXoi' Hicks ; Kapiros 56. Ka068oj and fitaris P. 55. suppl. Nicholson. P. 59. suppl. K. 60. TdraXi^ei P. 57. suppl. Hicks, Hdl. 63. suppl. K. 61. nr^Tpixv'- P-
yvWos P, corrected
87
HERODES
/cat
Soto. TTp-q^eis'
r)8co\v]
r)
hoQiqaerai ri
TreiadrjTi,
^xeiC^ov
So/cet?"
GKeipai,
65
[xev
<f>iXeo)
ras Moipag.
MHTPIXH
FuAAt, ra XevKa tojv Tpi)(cov a77a/xjSAwt Tov vovv [xa riqv yap MavSpto? Ka\T\aTT\o}aLV Koi TTjv (f)LXTqv ^T^fJLrjrpa raur' iyoj '^ a'AA?^? yvvaLKOs OVK av rjSecos e7TrjKov{a)a,
XOjXrjv S' deiSeLV
70
^^ i^eTraihevaa /cat T7^? dvprjg tov ovSov i^dpov rjyeladai. av 8' auTt? e? pLe<v> fxrjSe ev<a> (j>iXrj roZov
x^^
(f)pouGa X^P^'- P-^(^ov {ov) (8)e yprjai{a)<L> Trpe7TL yvvat^L raXs veai^ OLTrdyyeXXe'
rrjv
75
Ylvdectj
Se Mi^Tpt^^Tyt' ea ddXTretv
TOV 8i(f>pov ov yap i<y>yeXa ns els ^IdvSpiv. aAA ovxl rovroiVy <^auL, roiv Xoycxjv VvXXis Setraf QpeCaaa rrjv fieXaiviS^ e/CT[p] ti/rov {Kr))KrrjiJi6povs rpets eyx(a)[aa r](pv d)KpT]Tov 80 /cat vSojp eTTiard^aaa hos Tnel\y].
FTAAIS
/c(aA)cD(s).
MHTPIXH
rrj,
VvXXi, ttWi.
5o,a
expl. Hdl. suppl. Hdl.. F.D. (/cat coi). such marks after l are often accidental; r/". viii. 24 ttju-^t in Nairn's facs.). (^o-6Q. a change of speakers 67 ,3 of aira^xftXwei ex wrongly marked but cancelled.
64.
:
P:
6o. aKe\pa.L-
(?
correctura.
7i''atfor
71.
x^^^
88
MIME
I.
64-82
:
thee ere thou wot. Twain ends shalt thou win thou shalt have joyaunce and gifts beyond thy fancy. Think on't, be of my persuasioun. 'A Fates name thy friend am I.
METRICHE
GylHs, white hair blunteth wit for, by Mandris return and Demeter deare, had other woman spoken so, I had not heard her out, but made her as lame as her lays, and hate the threshold of my door. But thou, deare, come thou never again to my house with
:
tell girls what semeth old women but Metriche, childe of Pytheas, warm her seat for none scoffeth at Mandris. But, 'tis said, 'tis not words whereof Gyllis hath need so Threissa, scour out the chalice and pour in three noggins of neat wine.
sike tale
let
GYLLIS
That
is
well.^
<METRICHE>
There,
^
Gyllis, drink.
' !
'When
see Appendix.
P.
76.
fj.di>dpiv
tt
ex
P.
f^V'pi-
cancelled. P.
P.
a
(pvffei
fi-YeXat P.
eu
78. ov5e P.
79. in
margin
80. suppl. Hdl., Kv\ 7(e) {kvXLkcov yh'os eiVeX^s Edmonds). After u there must 81. Ka\Qi Alexis fr. 230. Cr.
The change
of speaker
is
marked
89
HERODES
TTAAIS
Se^ov ov
TTeiaovad cr' rjXBov, dAA' Sv OVVKV flOl
(ttov)
[.
e(K)[')^Tt]
{T)(hv l(p)<jov,
MHTPIXH
TvXXl, ojva[
oaaov yvoLro.
rTAAI2
ixd,
(r)KVOV
(7r)[.]
85
[/c](cl>).
TjSv? ye,
TjSlOV^
i^at
av S' VTvxi fioi, TKvov, acr[^a](A)t^[o]u aavT-qv ifiol 8e MvprdXr] re :[at] (St)/>t'>7
p'eai jxevoiev,
[8e
eW
at-
e/i7Ti^[7y]
ryAAtj.
90
82. dfl^ov
ffTrov[5r]i'
{i.e.
84. distinxi.
e.g. ov [ir]Treicrai
83. suppl.
p.oi
'
Cr.
me.' For the break compare vi. 15, iii. 58, 88, v. 73: see pp. 177 sqq.: also Addenda, p. 354. Perhaps Cjvayrjs
90
MIME
Give
it
I.
82-90
<GYLLIS>
me
rites'^
my
<METRICHK>
Gyllis, let
his
own.
past that]. Good 'a Demeter's name, Metriche better wine than this Gyllis ne'er drank. But fare thee well, childe, and hold thyself
!
La
childe, [I
am
in
gard
but
young while
^
The
rites in v. 56.
LCTXoi-
yivoLTO (ii. 83). 86. suppl. Milne. 88. suppl. Hdl. after Buech.
Offer'
oi>
At 85
e.g. Tra,pi)^r)Ka.
ua P.
from
TavTTfjv
91
II
nOPNOBOSKOS
BATTAP05
dvdps hiKaarai,
7][jLa)v
ovk gt
So^t^?,
rjs
ovh
)(eL
.
.
QaXrjs p^v ovtos d^LTjv T\rjv_ vrjvv TaXdvTcov vevr' eyoj Se fJ-^J]^ dprov?,
et
,
.
(v)7Tp^L
Bdrrapov
[rt 7r]rj[ji[-qVjas-
yap
[dv]
KXavaai
77
dcr\rCo]v
-x^coprj.
....
Kal
o
Kai,
Q(d)ijiv)
ovx
io?
pos
'
e'A/cet.
TTpoardrrjv
^].wir]v
10
eycu] S
Aptcr[TO<^]a;vTa
ttv^ [ve\viKrjKev
KL
/x.]?^
ecrr'
:
7^](A)iou
dyx^f Swro?
1. eo-re P suppl. by K. 2. suppl. by K. 3. /ov5 P, whence t[7;c] vnif explained by Bl. 4. ex^' P ^ho started to write etx- fj.[T}\5apTovs P suppl. by Cr. 5. e.g. vojiov. [rt 7r]7?,u['?'']as suppl. by Nicholson, Bl. 6 5*7^. first spaces missing with the two halves correcth' mounted of narrowing to three. 6. ttoWoJO suppl. Mn. five letters ye KaL ol legi. [tjcoXikou and [av] C.E. errata. 7. so vid. n. Mn. 7' ego : ijv Bl. fin. supplevi dubitanter fxeroiKos F.D. (rightly Mn.). Rest K. 8. e.g. (k)ovtos Cr.
: ; : :
10
.
\f (J
P.
9.
(init.).
^.aeas P.
Before
92
II
THE BROTHEL-KEEPER
(A court of law, nominally
in Cos.
Battaros, a villainous
One of old rogue shoddily clad, addresses the jury. his protegees, whom he alleges to have been assaulted
by the defendant Thales,
is present.)
BATTAROS
Gentlemen of the jury ye wot ye are no judges of our lineage nor renown nor an Thales here hath a
:
ship worth five talents, and I lack loaves, shall he [therefore] do Battaros a hurt and hold mastery of law. Nay, far from it. Salt tears should he weep, if Carian isle be a land of cities that are united For I am in this city as he into one city.^ live not as we wolde but as needs an alien.
We
His patron is Aristophon, Mennes mine. Mennes has won boxing bouts Aristophon can still hug. An tliis be not true, sirs, let him come out at
drive us.
:
^ Kapia or Kapis= Kuis, St. Byz. s.vv. For the end compare Nairn's inbroduction, p. xix., Diod. Sic. xv. 76, C.R. xlii. 163.
10. suppl. Stadtmueller. [e(x)]" P aX\ a K deleted. Mn.) with v^/xeLu in margin, the v being presumably a 12. suppl. Cr. 11. suppl. Cr. and K. (j'e). slip. 13. suppl. Bl.(init.), K. fin. and Buech.(7;Ti).
(so
9S
HERODES
efe(A)]^e(Ta)) ['xJctiv, dvSpes,
.
.
[t^v]
(e)x(^i)
]y^'cuoe<T>
X^^^^'^^' 15
epeZ T]{d)x (y)[^''tji' " e^ "A.K'qs eX'q'iXov\da 7Tvp]ovs dy{(jj)v KT](jTrjaa {jjrjv KaK-qv Xcfxov,"
ey<h 8(e) {7T6p)jvas
;
e/c
Tvpov
ti
tw
S-qp,cp
Bjojperjv
yap ov6
ovtos TTvpovs
20
j^Aati^av'
StSojcr' el S'
ovveKev TrXel
rpLcov ixvecov
OdXaaaav
7)
e;)^t
uanpas
cXkcov,
Tcv'
d'^et
TcDv ip.d)v
efx
ov Treiaas,
Kal ravra vvktos, oix^<Ty rjpiiv rj dXecop-q 25 dvSpes, K<ri>(f>' oTcp aejxvvveaOe, rrjv avTOVop,LT]v vfieojv QaXijs Xvaet. ov XPW <^>o.vt6v oarcs earl K<rj>K rrolov TTrjXov 7Te(f)vpr]T etSdr (hs iyd) ^cuett' TOJv h-qpLOTeoiv (f)piaaovra Kal rov rjKiarov. 30 vvv S ol fxev i6vTs ri^s ttoXlos KaXvTrrrjpes /cat TT] yevfj (f)vad)vres ovk 'iaov rovrco TTpog rovs vofxovg ^Xenovat Krjfjie tov ^eXvov ovSels TToXiT-qs TjXorjaei' ovS rjXdev TTpos rds dvpas fieu vvktos ouS' .xojv 8a8as' 35 rriv (p)lKLr]v v(f>'fj[iff]ev ouSe rcbv TTopvecov Pi^lV ^O.pd>V OLXCOKV dAA' d 0/3U^ OVTOS 6 vvv QaXijs icov, TrpoaOe 8', dvhpes, ^KpTLiifxris, (a)7TavTa raur' eTrprj^e kovk eTrrjSeadrj 40 ovT vofxov ovT TTpoaTdT'qv oyV dpxovTa. KaLTOL Xa^djv pioi ypapLjxaTev Trjs aLKenrjs TOV vofxov dvecTTe, Kal ov ttjv otttjv ^vaov TTjs KXetpvSprjs, jSeArtCTTf, p,4xpt'9 ov e'lTrr),
Trjs TToXios,
14. init. suppl. Cr.
fin.
I'x]^" supplevi
15.
nescioquls.
Legi et
ed
94,
MIME
II.
14-43
sun wane in that cloke he weareth, and he shall know what kind of patron is my habergeon. Perchance he will tell you From Acre came I with cargo of wheat and allayed the curst famine.' Aye but I have brought giglots from Tyre. What is that to the folk ? Neither givetli he wheat free to grind, nor give I her so. But an he claim, for that he sayle the sea or be dight in a cloke worth three Attic niinae, while I live ashore trayling my ragged shoon an he claim therefore to take amaine of mine sans mendes made, aye and by night, then gone is the saufgard of the city, and your pride of self-rule by Thales fordone. Nay he should know who he is and of what clay mingled, and live as do I, in awe of the but in fact those who be least of his townsfolk top-tiles of the city, and puffed of Hneage far more than he, these look to the laws, and no citizen ere wronged me the straunger nor came of night to my doors, nor with torches flamed my habitaunce, nor took of my giglots amaine but this Phrygian, now Thales hight, but once Artimmes did this all sans hede of law or governour or ruler. Now sir clerke, take and read me the law of batterie, and thou, sir, stop the hole of the water-clocke till he end his
'
ut siium profert Fin. Cr. (t) vel /vjjo-TTjcrra P with r deleted. Blass. 17. init. Cr. 19. suppl. Hicks. [rjiyi- me iudice P. 18. suppl. Hdl. k(w)7)1' P. 20. suppl. Hdl., Bl. Init. e.g. tout iari Hdl. Can the accent be misplaced and point to ovt iyw{'ye) aXeiu Kiv7)v in the original ? 24. ef P. 28. f XP'^" P' corr. Blass. 29. i'wiiji' P: ex compendio fw ortum (c/. Philol, 1925 Bd.
p.
k^v
Edmonds
16.
init.
3-4).
43.
eoj;'
an
a cancelled P.
95
HERODES
ifXT]
TTpos re
Kuuos
Srj
cf>rjaL
i<K>d) raTrrjs
XrjLT]^
r^fjLLv,
TO rov Xoyov
rovro,
Kvpaj],
45
rPAMMATET2
6777^1^
r)
S'
eKiov
eTTLGiTrj,
SittXovv TeXeiru).
BATTAP02
ravT
dvhpes hiKaarai, QaXrjv [xereXdeiv.
/cat
7)1/
eypaijje ^atpcovSrjs,
ov)(l
Barrapo? XPV^^^
50
rd olkl
to
TLjxrj[xa
iixvprjar]
dpovs
VTTpPfj, x'^Xta.S
ktjv ^Xdipr]
ri,
e(v)eL[jLe,
SlttXoov nveLV.
a;[Ac]et
ttoXlv ydp,
Se a-qfiepov fiev eV Bpt/cit'STypois" {x)6es S' ev ^A^SrjpotaLv, avpiov 8' r/V crot v[a](i')Aor StSot Tis", e? Oacrr^AtSa TrXcoajj.
i(y)d>
S'
OKCvs dv
[XT]
piaKprjyopeaiv vfieas,
60
rpvxoJ,
Krjfi
SdXrjros daaa
rj
Triaar^
TTV^ irrX'qy'qv,
oIklt^s P'^v,
dvp-q
Kan^paKTai
rptrrjv pnadov,
/cat
cry*
rrjs
TO.
rijs reAecu
virepdvp' oTTrd.
Sevpo, MupraArj,
65
aewvrrjv Trdai- pnqhev^ alaxvvev. v6p.tl, rovTovg ov[s:'] opfjs SiKdL,ovTas TTaripas dheX^ovs ipL^XerreLV. oprjr^ dvhpes,
Sei^-oi^
,
96
MIME
II.
44-68
'
reading, lest, as the saw goeth, arse cry sheets bag the spoyle.
shoot
'
and
CLERK
a freeman assault a slave, or follow her of malintent, let him pay double the assessment.
An
BATTAROS
So wrote Chaerondes, gentlemen of the jury, not Battaros with intent to prosecute Thales. " An one batter the dore, let him pay a mina an he pommel with his fist, another mina an he burn the habitaunce, or trespass, a thousand minae is the price For set, and an he injure aught, restore double. Chaerondes was aedifving a city, Thales, but thou knowest not city, nor how a city be aedified, but livest to-day in Bricindera, yesterday in Abdera, and on the morn, an any give thee his fare, thou wilt sayl to Phaselis. But I, leaste in long speche, gentlemen of the jury, I frett you with my saws, I have been so entreated by Thales as mouse in pitch I was smot with fists, the dore of my house, wherefore I pay a third as rent, is broken down, the lintell brent. be Come hither Myrtale shew thyself to all shamefast toward none think, in this jury thou seest, that thou beholdest fathers and brethren. See,
; ;
:
: : :
immaturorum cenam
Cf. Philogelos 243 51 sqq. suppl. K. 59. irXwa-T) P.
62. Kainaar^L P.
45
61.
I
\y)Cr)s
P.
rfj^'s
^v/iru'
P.
translate
49. /Sarraws
64. [xiadou
P corr. from
polpav.
97
HERODES
ra TLXjxaT avTrjs Kal KOLTCode Kavcodev CDS Aeta ravT enXXei' ojvayrjg ovtos, 6<r> elXKev avrrjv k< rj >^(,dl,eT^ -co Trjpas,
ooL Overco
e77[et]
70
ro
aljji'
dv i^e<f>vaiqaev
Bpe<v>KOs.
yeXag; Ktv[aL\h(6)s eljxi, Kal ovk drrapvevpuai Kai Barrapos' /xoi rovvop, iarl <k>(L ttolttttos 75 rjv fiot llLav(jx)^pds <K>d> TraTTjp Titaufx^plaKOS,
KrjTTopvo^6a[K]evv Trdvres, dAA' eKrjr^ dXKrjs
dapaeojv Xe\ov\6 [iAA]oi/x' dv, el QaXrjs e'irj'fi'f. epds crv jxev icrco? MupraATjs" ovhkv heivov eydi Se TTvpewv ravra Sou? eKeZv' e^ets. 6{d)X7TTaL tl rdjv evSov 7^ vrj At', et aev
kjJL^vaov
ets"
so
Kavros rd aavrov
rrpos
Barrapoj
fxev
TLjxiqv,
dfxaprvpojv evvroiv yvdjjxri SiKaLrj rrjv Kpiaiv hiairdre. -qv 8' olov is rd hovXa acop.ara airevhrj
S' (Ls
rovrov
vfiels
alrfj,
ravra
ydp
eiprirat
85
KTjs
^daavov
TTpoahihuipii
fxe-
K<r^>pLavr6v
rj
p^ovvov
TLp,rj
90
OVK dv
TO XoiTTOv, dvSpes,
rip TTopvo^ocrKcp
SoKeZre rrjv
ifjrj(f)Oi'
Perhaps
the second
word
78. \e(cov,[. Jot/uai' 76. ppiaKos P. in Xeofr' iWoi/x' av {cf. Horn. \ 373) was read as <e>?/i' oI/j.' av and hence Xewv
98
MIME
sirs,
II.
69-94-
this phickt
round about her smoothness, how smooth was by this mucky man when he raunched
her.
and shent
thee
:
Eld,
;
let
els
had he spat
Dost laugh ? I am a denay not and my grandsire was Patchouli liiglit, and my sire Patchouletto, and panders were they all but for prowes wolde I chivy a lion, were I as Thales. You lust after Myrtale perchance small matter that and I, after loaven give one and thou shalt get the other. Or els 'a god's name, an thou be inly warmed, stuff the price into Boye Battaros his hand, and take thine own and drub
Philip the Locust in Samos.
I
Boye,
thine own to thy desire. One thing, sirs for this has been said unto him do ye sirs, since witnes is there none, rule your sentence by aequitie. And, an he will merely assay the bodys of slaves and call
unto torture, lo I offer mine own self freely take me Thales and torture me only let the price be in the midst no better ruling could Minos himself have made were he judge here with his balaunce. For the rest, sirs, deme not that ye give vote for Battaros the pandar but for all the straungers
!
arose.
The
is
fairly
common.
27 ; Ruhnk. on Timaeus Lex. Plat. 80^. Fin. nji P, ei'?;j' Kaibei see Grooneboom's crit. n. which is very sound. 79. a,' superscribed. P here and 83 (fin.) most falsely gives a change of speaker 80. wvpeiou auctor non scriba. 83. imTiiJ.y}i'L P. 83. ^X^ P.
Ap. Rhod.
ii.
racr,
avrov
cr
I'
(,
deleted).
cr
Mark
e
of
corruption cancelled.
eVr'
er'
84. ci'derta
P, the last
being deleted.
P.
Herw.,
which
translate.
avSpas
87. olov
(not olou)
Rutherford.
s
99
HERODES
Setfe<T>' Tj Ka)? kco Mepoi/j Koaov Spaivei, 95 <K>d) QeaaaXos riv' et;^e < k >rjpaK\r\s So^av, <K>d}GKXrj7n6s KWS -qXOeV ivOdS^ CK TpLKKTjS, KrJTLKre A-qrovv olSe rev X^P''^ ^oi^rj. ravra gko7Tvvts Trdvra rrjv SiK-qv opOfj yvd)p,r] KV^epvdr^ , d>s d Opi)^ rd vvv vpXv 100 rrX-qyels dfieivcov eaaer , et tl jjcrj ipevhos eK Tojv TTaXaLcov r] TrapocfiLT] ^pdt^ei.
vvi'
eixev
P.
Post
(poLprj
102. ^a^ei
F:
? I.
Kpaiu.
100
MIME
within your gates.
II.
95-102
shall ye prove Cos and and Thessalus and Hercules their glorie, and with what intencioun Aesculapius came hither from Tricca, and wherefore 'twas here that Phoebe bare Leto. Think on all these thynges and steer justice by aequity, sin now this Phrygian ye will find better for his beating, an out of ages past yon saw spit ^ sooth.
Now
Merops
their puissaunce,
e^rjpiryes
Like the sea. Herodes is thinking of such phrases as Callim. p. 32 Pfeiffer, e^epvyy (ita legendum) fr. 67 Schneider.
^
101
Ill
AIAASI^AOS
MHTPOTIMH
Ourco
TL aoL SoLrjoav at (f>i\ai Moucrai,
l,orjs
t'
eTravpeaOaL
TOVTOv Kar wjjlov Selpov, aXP^^ V ^^XV avTOV inl )(jeiXecov fxovvov r] KaKrj XeLfj^dfj. K p.U raXaiv-qg rrjv areyrji' TreTTopOrjKev
)i^aXKLvha Trait,ojv
771
p.il,ov.
Kov
[xev
rj
duprj
Kelrat
Tov ypajj-jJiariGreco Kal TpirjKas rj TTiKprj Tov pLiadov atret Kiqv ra ISavvaKov KXavaoj, 10 ovK dv rax^ajs A<e>|ete- r-qv ye fxrjv Traiarpiqv, oKovnep OLKL^ovGiv OL re TrpovveiKOi
Kol Sprj7TTat,
KTj
ad(f)^
rdXatva SeAro?, rjv eyw Kafivco KTjpova^ eKaarov pL-qv6s, op^avrj Kelrai
fxev
15
^'^''
'''olxov
ippilvog,
Ai'Sryp'
e/c
^Xeipa?
oXrjv ivorj'
fxev
ovSev KaXov,
P10.
'^'
S'
6. x'^^'^^"^^
o.(TTpay6.\aL
Krjv
P:
al oopKade? R.,
M.
by
ain
P.
11. \-n^ue
P:
corr.
102
Ill
THE SCHOOLMASTER
{Scene
:
are
statues
There Enter
She addresses
METROTIME
thou hope, Lampriskos, that the deare Muses mote give thee some pleasaunce and joyaunce of lyfe, so do thou beat this boye lefte ashoulder, till his last curst breath hang ons lips. Playing hazardry he hath spoiled the root from his poor mother for, Lampriskos, the knucklebones suffice not, but our affayres ever wax warre. Where lieth the dore of the writing-master, and the cm*st last day o' month ask his sold, weep I as much as Nannacus, this note he say forthright but the gaming-place, where dwell the churles and runagates, he wotteth enow to direct his felloAV. And the poor tablet which each month I werke to cere, lieth beraft before the wallward post of our pallet, an it so be he scowl not on it as 'twere Death, and write naught fair thereon, but
:
:
An
BI.,
Hicks.
17. I
take
'Kld-qv
Callim.
7a?n6.297.
18.^>'X'7'P.
103
HERODES
at SopKaXlBeg Se XnrapiOTepai ttoXXov
TTJs
XrjKvdov
rjixeajv
rfj
iirl
Travrl ^^pajpu^ada
21
ev rfjai (f)varjs Tolg re Slktvols KelvTai. eTTLararat 8' oyS' dX(f)a avXXa^rjv yvojvai,
20
ravra TT^vraKis ^ojo<rj>. yidpojva ypafip.arL^ovrog rod TTarpos avrco, rov ^\.a.pcova eTTOt-qaev ovTog Hificova 6 ;)(/37yaTOS" cocrr e'yojy' elna avow ijxavTijv, rjrLg ovk ovovg ^6aKLv avTov StSaCTKO), ypapipLarcov 8e TraiheL-qv, BoKVG^ dpcoyov TTJs dojplrjs e^eiv. eiredv he hrj Kat prjatv oca TTaihiaKOV
Tjv
fjiij
Tt? avro)
Tpi<T>r)fjLp<r) >
25
30
Tj
r)
o Trarrjp dvcoyojfxep,
rerp-qfjievT]?
'
rjdel
<^'i7/u.i,
'
tovto,'
<K>rj
ndjxixr]
XVPV>
^^
KO) TTpoGTUXOJV
^pv^
''
rjv
8e
S-q
ri Koi p.<e>t,ov
ypv^ak deXcofxev, ^ rpiToios ovk olhev T-qg OLKirjg rov ovSov, dXXd riqv fiaiJ.iJL'qv, yprjiiv yvvaiKa Kcopcfiavrjv ^lov, Keipei, r) 40 Tov reyevs vrrepde rd OKeXea reivag Kddrj<r>^ oKOis tls KaXXi-qg Kdrco kvtttojv. Tt ixev SoKels rd OTiXdyxva rfjs KaKTJs 7racr;\;etv, eTTedv cSajpLL; kov roaog Xoyog rovBe'
dAA' o Kepafio? Trds oio-nep Irpia dXijraL, KTjTTrjv 6 ;^et^(i)V' eyyvs fj, rpC -qixaLBa KXaiova^ eKdurov rov TrXarva/jiarog rivco' ev ydp aroyC earl rrjs ovvolklt]? Trda-qg,
45
rov
104
^l-qrporijjLTjs
MIME
scrape
it
III.
19-48
clene.
oil-flask,
the which
and
nets.
And
than our use algates, lye in theyre bags he note conne the letter A, save one
his dibs, glossier far
But
we
him this fine fellow made Simon o't wherefore I dubbed myself fool that taught him not to pasture asses but gave him an educacioun in lettres, deming I sholde be holpen when smit in yeres. And when or I or his father, an old man ylfavoured of eyen and ears, bid him say
'
Two
'
daies agone
when
to
a speche, as one doth a child, then while he leaketh the words Apollo Hunter why that,' quoth I, even grandam could tell you albe she hath lost her lettres, or any Phrygian serf in the stretes ; and should we rate him more raucously, then for three daies he knoweth not the threshold of our habitaunce, but despoyleth his granddam, an old dame beraft of sustenaunce, or else stretcheth his legs astride the roof and sitteth pering alow like some monkey. What thinkest my poor harte suffereth when I see him ? Nay, and this is a small matter but all the tyling are disshivered like wafers, and whensoever winter be nigh, sobbing I pay three for all the tenement hath but grotes for each tyle one voice, 'Tis the werke of Kottalos, childe of
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
19. danrapojrepoi V.
21.ttjvP.
by Pearson; but
24. TpiO-qjxepai
y
see
Addenda.
corr. Meister.
(first
deleted).
36. /uij'o;/ 34. avpevV. Verse first punctuated by Tucker. 43. tSco/ti Kovr'jcros P. 44. (.ca-irepi P: corr. by M. k7;u77J' P, with a dot, not a Tia P: corr. by R. 45.
.
mark
46.
KXaiovaa eKaarov
10.')
HERODES
ko-XtjOlv' ,
ware
jxrjh
686vTa
KivrfoaL.
oprj
S'
50
Trdaav Kad^ vX-qv, oia At^Aio? Kvprevs iv rfj daXdaar] rcofi^Xv rrjg ^ofjs rpi^cvv. Tttf t' i^Sopas S' dpeLvov eiKahas t' otSe Twv darpohicjieoyv, Kovdi* vttvos vlv atpeirat
dAA'
vovv<T>^ 6<7T>T]pos TTatyviiqv dyiv<e'L>Te. et TL aoL, AapTTpiaKe, /cat /Stou Trprj^LV icrdXrjv reXolev atSe KayaOcov Kvpaais
55
p,7]Xaaaov aura)
AAMnPI2K02
^irjTpoTLpr],
<pir]>
CTTevx^o-
^i
yap ovSev
Ko/c/caAos',
p.lov.
59
Kov
KOV Oi'AAo?;
ou raxeajs tovtov
dpeZr TT* ojpiov rfj 'AKeaeoj aeXiqvair] Set^ovres ; alveo) rdpya, KdrraA , a Trprjaueis' ov aoL eV (XTTapKel ttjgl SopKaoiv 7Tat(,iv
darpd^S^
65
Kivevvra
p.rjSe
Kdp(f)o?,
el
to y
7]
rj8t,<TTov.
KOV
fjboc
TO Spipv GKUTog,
\'erse
^oog KepKOS,
as corrupt.
50. oprj-
marked
SeKoiois P.
Sa 53. e^douaffrafj.
(correction miscarried).
55.
ixtj
ottj/j-os
corr.
inserted
by Jackson.
A 62. KorraXa-
p. TTp-qaais P. corrected to
/XTjTpoiT
61.
:
a\e(rf(/'
P.
corrected
lOf)
by K.
MIME
III.
49 68
Metrotime,' and sooth is it, so they may keep their teeth whole. ^ And see how he hath paled all his chine in the woodland, like some Delian lobsterBut the fisher,^ di'agging out his blunted life afloat. seventh dales and twentieth he wotteth of better than the stargazers, and not e'en sleep o'ertaketh him as he reckoneth when ye kepe playday. But Lampriskos, as thou hopest these dames ^ may render thee fair avauntage in life, and mayest encounter fortune, give him not less
LAMPRISKOS
Metrotime, cease imprecaciouns he shall lose naught. Hither Euthies, hither Kokkalos, hither Phillos lift him forthright ashoulder and shew him to Aceses' full moon.'* (They do so.) Kottalos, I admire your haveour. Sufficeth it not to play dibs quick-eyed^ like these, but must hie to the gamingplace and play with the churles at toss-penny ? I will make thee moe modest than a maid ne'er moving mote, an that be thy pleasaunce. Bring hither the smarting lash, the bull's pizzle wherewith I flay the
:
'Otherwise
out.'
See
Philologus, Ixxxi.
n. 7.
similar interpretation
was
simultaneously proposed by Radermacher. ^ The absurdity of statement (chine for back), and of metaphor (for the Delians were not idle lobster-fishers but divers) is possibly designed.
^ *
The Muses.
i.e.
my
long as A.
a proverbial dawdler.
patience
is
exhausted, though
have waited as
s.v.
^ da-Tpdfida I take of the quick graceful glances (Dictt. daTpavTw) of the youths engaged at the game.
107
HERODES
K0TTAA02
fjirj
<yL>
ere
tcov ^\ovg(jjv
/cat
jx-q
rod yeveiov
KorrtSos'
ifjv)(T]9
Vepo; Se Xco^-qaat.
<AAMnPI2K02>
dAA' et? TTOvqpos, KdrraA', oj<ar>e koX Trepvds ovSetg ct' iirau'eaeiev, ouS' okou ti^ajpi]?! 75 ot ^uj op-oiajs rov uihrjpov rpojyovuiv.
K0TTAA02
Koaag, Kocrag, Aap^TrplaKe, Xiaaopiai, p-eXXetg
es
fi'
i<jJi,>(l)oprjaaL;
<AAMnPI2K02>
/XT]
/xe,
TT]i'8e
et/Dcura.
<
K0TTAA02 >
rarai, Koaas
/xot
hd>aer^
<MHTPOTIMH>
et
(f)peiv
Tt CTOt
14>1^'>
ocras av
rj
80
71 fj-rj/xTjicorrected by Hicks, Tucker. Kertvw TTpocnrpKTKf P over vpos Xaix is written, Trpotr being cancelled. The marks over ev may be an error (washed out) for 01' which in 72 is WTitten over twu and yefeiuv.
70. x^V
-evw
is
short (Buech.).
72. kovtioos P.
74.
Is
P.
wreK-ai
108
>
MIME
gyved and unruly choke with choler.
:
III.
69-80
in
put
it
KOTTALOS
adjure thee, Lampriskos, by the Muses, and thy beard and the Ufe of thy deare Kottalos, damnify me not with the smarter but with the other.
I
<LAMPRISKOS>
But thou art bad, Kottalos. E'en selling none would prayse thee, e'en where mice eat iron summertyde ^ and winter-tyde alike. (He beats him.)
KOTTALOS
on
<LAMPRISKOS>
< KOTTALOS
Ow how many
!
will
ye give
<MErROTIME>
life,
as
many
as your
wicked
See
crit. note.
iripvas P.
So
Is
translate
iv(p.
= \ai
/cat
should be read
T^S.
esfiev
P.
(pep
/J.'
with
mark
iTicroi^wrju
^vpcrai
(t
P, 80. deleted) P.
109
HERODES
<K0TTAA02>
TTavaaf iKavai, AafXTrpiaKe.
AAMnPI5K02
/cat
av
brj
navaai
Ka.K
epya
irprjuocov.
6fjLVvp.l
aoi, Aa/ATrpiCTKe,
AAMnPI2K02
oaaiqv 8e
TT/Dos"
/cat
rr^v
yXaaaav ovros
jjlvv
a)(rjKa^'
84
crot
^dXecx) tov
to-x' >
'^^^^^ yp^ij)?-
K0TTAA02
tSou, aicoTTCo'
jxi]
jxe,
Xiaaofiai, Kreivrjs.
AAMnPI2K02
fxedeaOe, Ko/c/caA', avrov.
MHTPOTIMH
ov<K e>8e<t>
AajxTTpLaKe, Selpov 8
-
Xi]^ai,
<AAMnPI2K02>
o-xpi'S
tJXlos Svaj];
no
MIME
Stop
!
III.
81-88
<KOTTALOS>
Enow, Lampriskos.
LAMPRISKOS
villainy.
<K0TTAL0S>
Ne'er again will I do aught, Lampriskos, by the deare Muses.
I
swear to thee,
LAMPRISKOS
And what
will set
a tongue hast thou gotten, boye the gag on thee an thou prate moe.
KOTTALOS
See,
I
am
silent
prithee slay
me
not.
LAMPRISKOS
Kokkalos, lose ye him.
{They do
so.)
METROTIME
ceast, Lampriskos,
but
<LAMPRISK0S>
sun welke
82.
irprjaici'
<r
P.
oi'Keroi'X'Tai^w
as
oi'x' ti
or tol Ellis.
83. opLvvfiiXoL p.
84.
fffxvx^fi'')
Pis
87. ov5eK\r]^ai P.
^Sei
(Buecheler?)
88.
Ill
HERODES
<MHTPOTIMH>
oAA' iarlv vSprjs rroLKcXajrepos voXXqj, Kai Set Xa^elv vlv
<AAMnPI2K02>
K<ri>7Tl jSu^Ato)
<K0TTAA02>
TO
jJLTjhev
<MHTPOTIMH>
hrjKov
90
aXXas ecKoaiv ye, ktjv fJ-eXXj] avTTJs dfjieLvov rrjg KXeovs avayvuJvat..
< K0TTAA02 >
laaai.
<MHTPOTIMH>
XdOois
TTjv
yXdacrav
<AAMrrPI2K02>
is fxeXi TrXuvas-
<MHTPOTIMH>
ipeoj 7TLfj,7]dea)? rco yipovri, AafXTrplaKe,
iXdova
(f)epovcT* ,
95
OKCos VLV
cry/XTToS'
c5Se TT-qSevvra
ip-LG-qaev.
a?
tXacrffav
112
MIME
III. 89
9'?'
<METROTIME>
is
he,
and he
An
he studie
his
book
KOTTALOS
Naught whatsoever.
<METROTIME>
Aye, twenty nioe blowes, e'en though he read better than Clio herself.
<KOTTALOS>
shall
Yah!
<METROTIME>
Mayst wake
to find tongue eu
<LAMPRISKOS>
^Itured in
honied eloquence.
<METR0TIME>
home, Lampriskos, and tell the old man of this so een he can grasp ^ it, and return with gyves that the Ladies ^ whom he hated may see him daunce
will hie
here foot-tight.
1 M. would have gone on to say cut out,' but this word (which also meant castrated ') would have shocked the prim pedagogue. He substitutes a phrase which implies skilled in poetry and oratory,' ao<p6i, educated. Many may prefer van Leeuwen's conjecture /.id^ois trXvvat.
' ' '
eTTi/xijf^ws
i.
is
Herodes
recalls
oi'x
Thuc.
fjacrov
3
^vfxcpopas
tS>v
Trpayij.a.Tiijv
dfiadQs x^p^trai
The Muses.
113
IV
0TCIAZOYCAI
KTXXn
Xatpot?, dva^ Uai-qov, os /xeSet? TpiKKr^g /cat K.<jL)V yXvKTJav K-qnihavpov a)KrjKa?, avv Kal ]\opojvls rj a tlkt kcLttoXXcov )(aipoLev, Tj'; re X^'-P'- ^^^^'0 '/'Ctuets'
ripLLOi ^copiOL,
HavaKT] re KrjTna) re Kirfacb x'^ipoL, <K>ol AeojpieBovros olkltjv re Kal relv<ea> vepaavres, l-qrrjpes aypiatv vovaojv,
YloSaXeipLos re Kal Ma;\;aav x'^ipovnov <K>ojaoL deol arjv eamqv KaroiKevaiv Kal deal, irdrep ITatrjov IXeco hevre rd>\eKropos rovb , ovriv oiKi-qs ro'ixoiv KijpvKa dvco, raTTihoprra he^aLode. ttoXXtjv ovo erolpLov avrXevpLev, ov yap
10
^ouv rj vevrjpievrjv x'^lpov kovk dXeKrop\ 'irjrpa voTjaajv eiiOievpLeada rag ajreifjiqaas 677* -qTrias av x^elpag, tu dva^, reivas.
eirel
rd^
o.v
15
TToXXris (jiopivqs,
1. a[v)a^,
voL(.{r})ov,
and
5.
(ft)e8is
P.
3.
x'^'''''^^'^''
P,
corr.
to
Kuir.
vyuarfK
marked
as corrupt
114
IV
Hail, King Paieon, that art sovran of Tricca and hast gotten braw Cos and Epidaurus as thine habitaunce, and Koronis withal that bare thee and Apollo I cry hail, and Hygieia whom thou touchest with thy right hand, and those whose honoured shrines are here, Panace and Epio and leso and Podalirius and Machaon that sack'd house and walls of Leomedon, physickers of fell sickneses, and all gods or goddeses, father Paieon, that inhabit thine hearth hither come graciously to accept as side-dish this cock, herald of the walls of my habitaunce whom I sacrifice. For small and scanty are our sources els might no cock
: :
but some ox or sow crammed with mochell fat be our guerdon for physicking of those sickneses which thou, O King, hast brushed away by laying on of
corr. Bl.
16. oXiKTop
A II. L[b)eu) P,
irjTpla
12. tovoK.
with w superscr.
P.
115
HERODES
/c
Be^trjs
TOP nivaKa,
Ko </</<> aArj,
arrjoov
<KOKKAAH>
jjud
KaXcoi',
ttjv
(f)LXr)
Kui^i^ot,
20
<KTNNn>
OL
<KOKKAAH>
iXeojs
17]
25
Kal Tolah^ 6
opr],
<f>iXrj,
Ilaiaji'
/cat
^XcTTOvaav e? to p.i)Xov ovk epels avrr^v, Tjv pLTj Xd^Tj TO jxrjXov e'/c Ta;\;a ipv^ei<v>; KeZvov he, sA>vvol, rov yepovr^ d rrpos Motpeojt' 30 rrjv -)(iqvaXojTTK cos to naihiov TTviyei. TTpo T(x)v TTohojv yovv et Tt pLTj Xidos, Tovpyov,
ipeis, XaXi^crci.
Kr)s
jxa, )(p6v<x)
kot
wvdpajTTOL
Tovs Xidovs e^ovcTL ttjv ^orjv deivai Tov BaraATj? yap tovtov, ov)( opfjs, s.vvvol, OKOJS iSe^(7j)[/<r](e)i^, ai/8p[t]avTa ttjs Mwrrecu;
et
fx{r])
35
\Ti\s
is TOVTO TO
(iTep)r]s 8eia^a>.
19. kottoXt]
P:
ai'Ttt
P.
24.
/J-S.
P.
21. roc
26. evOi-qs
116
MIME
IV. 19-38
gentle hands. Kokkale, set the picture by the right hand of Hygieia.
< KOKKALE >
Lo
Kynno
it
deare,
artificer, prithee,
made
?
here
<KYNNO>
seest not yon letters children of Praxiteles on the base ? And Euthies son of Prexon set it up.
:
The
<KOKKALE>
Gracious be Paion unto these and Euthies for their fayre werkes. See deare, yon child looking up toward the apple woldest not say that, an she get not the apple, she will expire forthwith ? Aye and yon old man, Kynno Lo, 'a Fates' name how the babe doth throttle the goose. Were it not at close quarters of stone, the wei'ke, motest say, wolde speke. La time will be when man shall wot to This image of Batale, put hfe e'en into stones daughter of Myttes, seest not, Kynno, its gait ? None that had seen not Batale but only glaunced at this hkenes wolde need the other.
: !
!
Marked
as corrupt.
is
34-5. There
BI.
Hicks, R.
P.
117
>
HERODES
KTNNP.
e7TV,
TTprjyix
cf)i.Xrj,
fxoL
6t<>v l,ci)eis. 40 KuSiAA', lovaa Tov vecoKopov ^ojaov. ov aol Aeyo), avrrj, rfj co(8e) <K>(hhe x'^OKevarj cjp-qv ojv Xeyco veTTOLTjTai fxa, jjLij TLV
olov ov^ a)pr]Kas ii
eaTTjKe S
eis p-
opevaa Ka{p^K\[\vov
p.t,ov.
Lovaa,
(f}r]p.i,
45
Keiaai.
eV
p,apTupop,ai,
ev
fj
Kctei?
(f)'i]p-^'
50
KOKKAAH
pLT]
TTavO^
eroLpiOig Kaphii)
<^oXev>
Kui^vot* dXc^et.
ho'dXt]
'art,,
vojdpl.-q
KTNNn
dAA'
rjp.pr]
re
KrjTrl
Tj
p,el^ov
ojOelraf
(X)iKTai
dvpTj
yap
55
Ka.vel<T>^ 6 Traaros'
<
KOKKAAH
opfjs,
(j>iXiq
ovx
Kuwot;
oV epya
K.
4-1. KvdiW F. sqq. suppl. 40. oroi'P: corrected by M. 43. over i of nv 43. dvT-ri P. x''-'^'^ov<rr] Bl. 44. suppl. by K. 46. P has an accent deleted. fin. suppl. K. 47. aifi\di/j.a(TTpov P. 46. ? dpyr).
118
MIME
Follow, deare, and
IV. 39-57
I will
such as hast not seen in thy life. Kydilla, go and cry lowd to the sacristan. Speke I not to thee that La no reke hath she starest hither and thither ? of what I say, but standeth goggling at me more agape than a crab. Go, I repeat, and cry lowd to the sacristan. Thou gluttonry, ne close ne common clepes thee werthy, but algates art thou held naught. Kydilla, I call this god to witnes that thou flamest me albeit I wolde not rage god be witnes, I repeat day shall tide when thou shalt scratch this fowl noddle
!
of thine.
KOKKALE
things to heart readily, Kynno she is a slave, and slaves ears are choked with slombrihed.
Lay not
all
KYNNO
But
thou
:
'tis
day, and the pres increaseth. So bide for the door is oped, and the sanctuary is
free of ingate.
<KOKKALE>
? What werkes In sooth motest say 'twas Athena did chisell the fayre
See'st
not,
Kynno deare
first
TravTaxTT-
The
it
missing
letter
was
or
t,
the
(Cr.)
last
is ?
ci) :
-{eatjj)
suits
is I
conjecture, but
any other
<e>i/c^
impossible:
eo
translate
(pi/j-L
iucof.
48. suppl.
K.
odf
P.
R.).
50.
e(TaTr}/j.{eprn)Kfiv7]i
P
v
corr.
Palmer
{(p-n/jLi
A mark
51.
between
T/t
t
and
unintentional?
Twv(7vp{)i
:
Marked
corrupt.
52. /capSiij/SaXXV e, ) P (apparently) 56. KciveWo P. 57. oiepya rected by Paton. P: for this reading see Philol. 1925, Bd. 8-4.
corr. Bl.
cork6l:>tjv
119
HERODES
yXvtpat
TO.
KaXd
)(aiperco
8e SeoTTOLva.
Tov TTotSa 8rj <t6v> yvfxvov riv Kviuco tovtov ovx eXKOs e^L, K.vvva; Trpos yap ol KeZvrat
at
60
adpKs ola
Oepjjid
depfxa TrrjSevaaL
ovK
6 AafjLTTpLOJVos, eK^aXevai rag Kovpas SoKcvvreg ovtojs dpyvpevv TreTTOLrjadaL; 65 o ^ovs Se <Kd)> dycov avrov rj <t> ofMaprevaa < K >cl) ypvTTOs ovTog K(L avdaiXXos dvOpcorrog ovxl ^OTjv ^XeiTOVGL <K>-qixpr]v TTavTCs;
el
jXTj
i86K<>vv
/xi^
Tt fxet^ov
/i'
rj
yvvrj Trprjoaeiv,
dvTjXdXa^^ dv,
oi'Tcots't
70
KTNNn
dXrjdLvat,
yap
at
aTrrjpvijdr],"
dAA' o ol inl vovv yivoiro f/catf Oecov ijjaveiv rjTTelyer'' o? 8' eKetvov t) epya rd Klvov
jXTj
75
TTobos KpepiaLT
eKelvos iv yva(f)icos
o'Iko).
NEnK0P02
/caA'
/cat
80
60. Kijppa P.
corrected
62. de
by K.
p
61. OepfiairriSiatTaiF.
graff.
7rvpa.{ff)roi'
corr.
W.
Vollidrjai
63.
tS7]iJ.v\os
with
mark
of corruption,
120
MIME
thynges
IV. 58-80
Lady I cry mercie. This bare boye, an I scratch him, wolde he not be wounded, Kynno ? For his flesh lieth on him in the pictm-e as with right and the silvern fire-box an warm pulsaciouns Myellos or Pataikiskos see it, wolde not their eyne fall out for belief 'twere in sooth silvern ywrought ? And the ox and his leader and her that followeth, and this man of hooked nose, and this of heyre erect,
;
An I are not day and livelihed in their eyne ? demed not I sholde defame my sex, I sholde have cryed out for feare the ox mote do me an hurt so askaunce looketh he with one eye.
:
Yea, deare, for true are the hands of Apelles of Ephesus in all paintings ne motes say Yon man looked on one thynge, and gave no thought to another,' but all that was his of wit or inspiracioun, and whoso examine not him he was fain to assay ors werkes with judicious oeillades, may he hang by
'
and
moe
Mt'Wos Hdl.
[a!']aa-i(^)os
fj.
66. x ovk
is
^^' X'^
f*'
ovToaovKKO}
P.
itself
^oTji'
coi
is
formed
cancelled out of a
by
68. 75.
oi
P.
:
cnvrjuepriv
line and dots superscribed. ,\. \'erse marked corrupt. corr. Hicks. 69. -kow P.
explained by Hdl.
voGv
avrcS
TroirjireLav
Read
Ildt.
i.
^d^-
i.e.
o tl
/cat
^eoi
eVi
27.
76.
Verse
ra
marked
(TTalpa
P but
by a
121
HERODES
qpeaaro tov
LTj
irj
Ilai-qov
rjirep
etT^j
ovv
VfxeZs.
YlaLTjov,
V[jivr]g
/caAot?
eV
nves rojvSe
daaov.
85
eaa
1.7]
irj
etTy.
KTNNn
etr]
yap,
cu
jxeyiare,
<K>vyir] ttoXXtj
Ip'
KaXcbs repievaa fiepiveo ro aKeXvSpiov Sovvai TO) vecoKopo) Tovpvido'5, 5 re rrjv rpwyXrjv TOV TTeXavov evOeg tov hpaKovTos eixjiiqixcos Kol (ifj)aLaTa Sevaov rdXXa S' oIklt]s ^^prj Sacaofieda Kal iirl [jltj XdOrj (f)epLv, avriq,
/cat
avv avSpoLGLV
TTaiai.
Ko/ckciAtj
dytveuaai
90
o ol TTpoaSos'
Tj
Tj
yap
ipoluLv
dfxapT<LV>
vylrj
'crrt
tt]? noLp-q^.
95
83. Ka\oia/j.TrpoLs P, but ,u is cancelled and so is a mark of corruption at the beginning of the verse. 86. x''7'"?' P corrected by R. 88. Change of speaker falsely marked.
'
122
MIME
IV. 81-95
favour in Paieons eyne than ye. Hail, hail Paieon mayst be propitious for fayre offerings to these and any that be their spouses or near sybbe. Hail, hail, Paieon. Amen.
;
Amen, most mighty, and may we return anon in goodly health, bearing withal larger offerings, with husbands and children. Kokkale, take hede fayrly to cutte the leg of the fowl and give it to the sacristan, and silently set the cake in the snakes den, and dip the wafer ^ of the rest shall we make feast in the seats of our habitaunce, and don't forget to give him some too of the health-offering for soothly in sacrifices a health-offering is sorer loss than the
portion.
^ The 'cake is probably (Hg.) a piece of money and the ' Him den a collecting-box. two lines below is the husband, implied from olKn-js eSp-i],
'
'
'
'
89. re/uiovaa
9-i.
8ci}L
most edd.
oi
90.
toj'i
P.
95.
91. TreXat'ou P.
a/j.apTiris
P,
i.e. o',
corr.
Hdl.
123
ZHAOTYnOC
BITINNA
Aeye
oiOT
aAA'
'
fxoi
av, Vdarpojv,
<el>
8'
VTrepKoprjs ovrco,
ovKeT
dpKi
rfj
TOLfjid
AjJLcfivrairj
rA2TPnN
iyo)
'
AiJi(f)VTairj
rrjv
Xeyeis 6pa)pr]Ka
yvvaiKa;
< BITINNA >
7Tpo(f)d(Tt?
/cat
fiTj
Krjjjieprjv
(m)ve.
BITINNA
oarjv Se /cat ttjv yXdcraav, ouros, a)(T]Kas'
KuStAAa, Kov
].
t;
'cTTt
Hvpplrjs;
/cctAet
/x.'
aurdt'.
/xeviov
corr.
Buech.
4. afj.<pvTaLy)v
P:
/iot
corr. J.
Hippon./r. 45.
9. TToi'Moi
and or superscr.)
124
A JEALOUS LADY
A lady's chamber in a house in Ephesus. {Scene : Bitinna the lady harangues Gastron, her slave, also her unfaithful paramour Kydilla, her confidential slave-girl, is also present)
.
BITINNA
Tell
me
it
suffieeth
thee not to
my
^ ?
legs,
Meno's woman
GASTRON
Amphytaea
thou speakest
? ?
Have
whom
<BITINNA>
Excuse on excuse
all
day long
GASTRON
Bitinna, thy slave
sup
my
am
me
as thou wilt, ne
BITINNA
And what
where
^
Kydilla,
is
Pyrrhies
Call
him
to
me.
125
Probably wife.
HERODES
nrppiHs
Tt ecTTt;
<BITINNA>
TOVTOV SrJGOv aAA ed kar-qKag; 10 Tr]v ijxavrjdp-qv rod kolSov rax^co^ Xvcrag. 7]v jjurj KaraLKiaacra rfj ct' oXtj X'^PT) TTapaSelyixa 9a), /xa, /xt] jxe dfjs yvvatK eti'ai.
fidXXov 0/3u^; iyoj acTtr] tovtojv TdarpcDV, rj ere dela iv dvOpcoTTOtg. 15 dAA' et TOT i^-qpLaprov, ov rd vvv evaav pLcbp<o>v ^LTivvav, CO? hoKei'S, <t> evprjaeLg. cf>p' , etg Gv, Srjaov, rrjv aTrXr^yihi' eKhvaas.
rjp
ovxi-
iyibfjiL,
rA2TPnN
pi-q
pt^ij,
BITINNA
6tvvk^ el SovXos 20 Kal rpeig vrrep aev piv<e>ag edrjKa yivcoGKeiv. ws pirj KaAtDs" yevoLTO rrjpLeprj Ketvrj, eaiqyay^ (hSe. YivppL-q, KXavarj' tJtls a opo) (76 hrjKov Trdvra pidXXov r) SewTa. 25 Gv<a>(f)iyy rovg dyKcovas, eKTrpiaov Sy^aa?.
Khvdi,
(f)rjp.L
Set
ct'
rASTPnN
BtVivva,
d<f>eg
juot
rr]v
dpuapririv ravr-qv.
dXX
pirj
eTrrjv
avrcg
ari^ov.
14. tip P corr. Hdl.
twv av
deXjjg,
changed
18. (pepis
to
r;p.
17. fxibpau
P:
P:
expl.
by
Ellis.
ovaov V.
10. 5ov/jLai
was
126
MIME
What
is it ?
V. 10-28
PYRRHIES
<BITINNA>
^
Bind this fellow what ? Standest still ? loosing anon the rope of the bucket. An I mar thee not and set thee as an example to the countriesyde, la call me no woman. Am I not rather an Eunuch ?
!
Gastron, I that fault herein, that I set thee But, an I erred then, thou shalt find Bitinna a fool now no moe, for all thou thinkest. Come, thou, bind him unayded when thou hast stripped him of his smock.
'Tis I,
among men.^
GASTRON
Must wot that art a slave thee three minae. Ah ill betyde that day that brought thee hither. Shalt rue it, Pyrrhies I see that dost aught els save bind him. Truss his arms bind till they be perdy severed.
Strip him,
I I
repeat.
for
and that
payd
GASTRON
this errour. Mortal am I, I have erred but an thou find me moe doing aught thou woldest not, then tattoo me.
Bitinna, forgive
;
me
^ The second change of speaker by a large space. ^ Treated you as fellow man.
is
adequately indicated
first
written
by
P.
dot below
/J..
P
:
with
corr.
Buech.
26. ap-aprLav P.
127
HERODES
BITINNA
irpos
fxeff'
AiJi(f)vrai.rjv
rjs
ravra,
fir]
'/i,6
TrXrjKTL^ev,
XPV
'^{p)h6\j}r]arpov
30
<nTPPIH2>
SeSerat KaXihs ooi. BITINNA
fiT]
dy
/cat
avTov eg to
rA2TPnN
aTTO/CTevetS',
etV
eW
35
BITINNA
a
'
S'
auTO?
,
yXdcrarj
'
BtTivv
d<j)es fioi
djJbapTcrjv ravrrjv
TASTPriN
TT]v
aev
)(oXrjv
<6X>rj, KuStAAa, to
40
doubt as to 128
P
I
by Milne).
There
vfieuiv
is
no
translate a v. 30"
yevecdai
MIME
V. 29-41
BITINNA
Playne not to me, but to Amphytaea with whom thou lyest, and needs must I <your> foot towell <be
. . .
>.
<PYRRHIES>
Thou
hast
See he escape not loose. Take of torment to Hermon, and bid him
stripes into his
him
to the
abode
hammer thousand
into's belly.
Wilt
false
?
kill
first
an
it
be sooth or
What
forgive
me
'
Bitinna
GASTRON
Aye,
for I
Standest agape, and leadest him not where I bid thee ? Kydilla, dint this losells beak, and thou,
....
P
39.
31. /xeOXadTj P.
:
(doubtful
33. Touvwroi' P. 36. i/'ei;oea 37. lOtat P corr. by R. 41. odij P corr. by Hdl.
: :
1^29
HERODES
Tov TravToepKTeoj rovSe, koI au jjlol, Ap7^)(aju, av> ovros Tjyrjrat. (f)a(xdpTeL <Tfj a TJSrj
Scrjaet? Ti,
hovXrj,
tw
KarrjprjTco tovtco
paKos
(i} puTi
45
tuSe,
Kal p^tAtaj
CVS,
yjv
cod'
ip.{iaXelv aK-qKOVKas
50
avros av Kal rapxila Kal roKovg riaeis^aSi^e Kal p.rj Trapd rd Mik-ktciAtjs' avrov
ay*,
dXXd
tt]v
Welav.
ou
S'
<v>7TepiVqadrjv
avTO<'v>g yeveaOai.
KTAIAAA
YlvppLTTjs, TdX<rj>s, Ka}(f)e, 55 KaXel ae. p.d, So^et rt? O'uxl avvSouXov avTov a7Tapd<GU>eLV dXXd ay^p-drcov cfxjjpa' opfjs oKcog vvv TOVTOv eV ^cr]? e'A/cets" <a>, pid, tovtols is rds dvdyKas, Hvppirj; TO<L>s hvo KuStAA' i7T6ifje<T> rjpuepiojv Trevre 60
Trap'
ovros
crv,
e)(a>v
rjKe
65
e^ovra
pacficSas
Kal pLeXav.
pafj
Set
ae
43. afj.42. TovTo Kai P : TO is crossed out and 5e superscr. 49. -xds P. 53. eirefAv. apTiffouav P corrected by Danielss.
:
130
MIME
V. 42-66
Drechon, follow now by the way thy fellow leadeth. Slave, wilt give a rag to this curst fellow to hyde his bestiall nakedness, that he be not seen bare through the market ? Once moe a second time I cry thee Pyrrhies to tell Hermon that he lay on thousand
here and thousand there hast heard ? Soothly an thou traverse aught of my orders thou shalt thine own self pay debt and interest. Walk on and lead him not by Mrs. Smallwaies ^ but on the Mall. But I mind -run, slave-girl, and call them, call them ere they be afar.
:
Pyrrhies, deaf wretche, she calleth thee. La, one mote deme 'twas no fellow-slave he mauleth, but a grave-robber look how dost drag him perforce to the torments, Pyrrhies. La 'tis thee that Kydilla will live to see with this pair of eyne in five daies time rubbing with thine ankles at Antidorus abode those Achaean gyves that but yestereen didst
:
!
doff.
Ho there, come back bringing him bound even as dost lead him out, and enjoy ne Kosis the tattooer to come with needles and ink. Thou must be spotted
^
i.e.
corr. Hdl.
55.
:
Mark
at
fia.
of change
:
of
i.e.
<rvv
raXas P. avTos P corr. J., Bl. 56. ovxl5ov\ov P. wvppLrjeiua P corr. by BL 59. verse marked as corrupt.
:
corr. Bl. 61. axai'/vas P. 60. Tous P 51 P. of pa<pL5as first written as 5. 66.
:
63. avdis F.
131
HERODES
oScv yevead ai ttolklXov.
Kar-qpr-qaOcD
rj
Aaou
TLjj.'q.
KTAIAAA
fi-q,
aAAa vvv jjiev avTov, ovroj aoi C(py] BaruAAts" KrjTrihoL? fiLv iXOovaav e? dvSpog oIkov Kal reKv* ayKaXai? dpais d(f)eg, 7TapaiTyyLtat ore* ttjv fitav TavTrjv
rariy
70
dfiapTL-qv
BITINNA
KuStAAttj
-^
pUT]
pie
XvTTCLTe,
K TTJg oiKirjs. d(f)a) tovtov r[o\v eTTTaSouXov; /cat tls ovk d-navrcoaa e? /Lteu St/Calais' to irpoaoiTTOV epLTTTUOi; o(v)y (t)7JV Tvpavvov, aAA eTreiTrep ovk olSev, dvOpcoTTO's cov, eojVTOVy avTLK elS-qaec i{v) rep piCTCoTTcp TO eTTtypapipi e;^a>i' rovro.
(f)V^Op.
75
TTepLTTrrjv
80
aw P. 70. nev P 73 firiXi'Trire/ne P: corr. wrote 7rei first but oddly the is a correction as if
i
^ Herodes maj' have misread an old proverb collection : see introd. The proverb, which refers to a quiet death, is, however, inapposite. The correct sense is given by Horace, Sat. ii. 5. 91 Davus sis comicus atque stes capite obstipo, multum similis metuenti. There is fair evidence for Karaixvin the sense ' capite obstipo,' perhaps by early confusion with
132
MIME
V. 67-80
his
Nay, mamma, but now e'en as thou hopest BatylUs may live and maiest one day see her come to a mans house, and maiest lift her cliildren in thine arms
now
let
him be
this
one errour
BITINNA
Kydilla, vex me not, all of you or will flee the habitaunce. I to let be this slave of slaves ? Who then that encountred me Avolde not rightly spit in my face ? Nay by the Queen,- but since, though mortal he be, he knoweth not himself, soon shall he know it with this inscripcioun ^ on his forehead.
:
Am
But
'tis
Gerenia.
the Doric ^-aTd/it''w. Either Herodes coined Kardp-vos incorrectly or KaTafxvwv should be read.
^
ou Ti)v Tvpavvov.
:
The
title
is
unknown
'
for
any Greek
yet it is fairly clear that v. 80 suggests an Ionic colony and that the immediately following mimes are likely There the oath is by Artemis,' and it to be Ephesian. may be presumed that we have Artemis here. The commonest error in Greek texts, as in proofs and books to-day, is the writing of a somewhat similar word for another by 34-38. I fancy Herodes wrote false association cf, vi. Mwaybv, Huntress.' * Inscripcioun ANOG EIMI?
divinity
:
'
133
HERODES
BITINNA
vvv {xev a d(f)'qaa), Kal ex^ rrjv X'^P'-^ ravrrj, rjv ovSev r)<aa>ov rq BaruAAtSa arepy oj, iv rfjcTL X^P^'- '^f}^^ infjai Opeipaaa.
85
e/xrjai
83* by Hdl.
P.
134
MIME
V. 81-85
BITINNA
girl
Now shall I let thee be, and be thankfull to this whom I love as Batyllis and in mine own hands
festivall.
i.e. TTiKpau
'
did noursle. But whenas we have done libacioun to those that sleep, then shalt have unhonied ^ festivall
on
^
bitter.'
Honey was
135
VI
a)I(A)IAZ(0)TCAI
H lAIAZOYCAI
KOPITT.a
av
S'
iv rfj oIklji
TO,
KpijjLv'
rjv
fxerpfi
dfiidpels, KT]<v>
ToaovT
aTToard^rj
rovdopvt,ovaav Kal TTprjfiovcoaav ov ^epovaiv ol rolxoi. vvv avrov e/c/itacraets' re /cat Troet? XapLTrpov, ot' iarl XPi^'-^iv)' XrjarpL; due fxoi ravrrj eTret cr' ey{ev)a dv tojv ipLcov iyd) ;\;ei/3e'a;v.
TTjv rjpLelp^rjv oXr^v ere
10
MHTPn
(fjiXr]
KoptTTOt, ravT^
eTTL^puxova'
Tat[s']
(e)/J-(o)t
l,vy6v rpl^eis.
/cat
KTjyd)
rjfxeprjv
re
vvKra
Kvojp vXaKTeoj
dvcovvpiOis Taurat?.
Ki8dea
out of by R.
P (o cancelled by vertical stroke and d formed rarreiv P : corr. (Buech.)). 2. legit K. 3. some marks over oe of ovoff. 5. ets P corr.
:
v
Richards.
fxerpew P.
6.
/cr;
corr.
by
Bl.
136
VI
A PRIVATE CHAT
(Scene
:
Ephesus?
lady.
Her
unannounced.
slave-girl is
KORITTO
Sit
down, Metro
!
Must I bid thee myself do all thy devoyrs, and thou woldest do naught of thine own self ? La thou'rt a stone in the house, not a slave-girl but an thou takest thy measure of wheat, each crumb thou tellest, and an ne'er so litell driblet escape, the walls burst with thy day-long playnts and lamentaciouns. So thou dost wipe it and render it clean now, thou thief, when need is ? I counsell els had I given thee render oblacioun to this lady
lady
: :
thee taste of
my
handes.
Deare Koritto thou'rt galled by the same yoke as I too day and night long yap like a dog gnashing at these bestiall wenches. But for my errand
1
.
7.
is
10. siippl. by Bl. 11. xf'P^wf suppl. by K. a customary hyper-Ionicism due doubtless to Herodes 13. e of eTn[3. is due to a correction by P. xeipwv editors. non vXaKr^oi P. 15. suppl. by K. 14. suppl. by K.
137
HERODES
KOPiirn
K7To8(JJV
rjjJitV
16
S'
aAA' iopr-q
MHTP-0
AtcrCTo/xa[t
(y\{^),
P'T)
ijjevarj,
0iAt]
r^v
6 uoL pdi/ja^
KOPITT.a
Kov
Mrjrpol, ov KeZvov
S'
opcvprjKas,
MHTPn
Nocrcrts"
^J'X^v
rjpLvvrjs
20
KaXov
ti Scop-qp,a.
KOPITT.a
NocTCTt's';
Ko^ev Xa^ovaa;
MHTPa
StajSaAet?
etTTCD
t^v
aot
KOPITTn
/Ma TOVTOvg Tovg yXvKea^, (j^iXri ^{rjTpol, K TOV K.opLTTOU OTOfiaTos ouSet? /xt) aKovorj 6a dv (TV Xe^Tjs.
MHTP.a
25
MIME
VI. 15-26
<KORlTTO>
Get ye gone, ye slightfull ones naught but ears and tongues, and the rest of ye idlenes
;
Who
did stitch
KORITTO
Where
hast seen
it,
Metro
had
it
La
a fayre
gift.
KORITTO
Nossis
!
Whence
gat she
it ?
METRO
Wilt bewray an
I tell
thee
By these sweet eyne, Metro deare, none from Koritto's mouth aught thou saiest.
shall
hear
it
by Hicks.
K
17.
eopT-rjL
corr.
by
Bl,
corr.
Suppl. by K. W. Schulze.
19. KOVKI.VOV
P.
25. Tj^lraTos
P:
139
HERODES
KOPITT.a
yvvoLKes, avTTj
/z'
rj
yvvq <k>ot'
7}
eKTpLifjec.
avrrj -x^prjaaadai.
co<(j>7Tp evprjfi
[XT]
dp7Td<ya<(ja>
^(a.Lperoj,
Sajpetrat
30
Kai T<7J>aL
Set.
^tArj, TroAAa,
eovaa
(f>i\riv
tolt],
<K>rjrpriv tiv
dv6' rjjxiojv
-^prjadaL
ypvt,oj,
Slkt]
adp&noj rdXXa.
rfj
^IrjSoKeoj
p^etov
^oaaihi
tq
puev
XddoLp,c S'
'ASpT^crreia
;(;tAia)v
evvrcov
TrpoaSoirjv.
35
ev
ouK dv odTLS
(jaTTpos
ion
MHTPn
Koptrrot, ttjv -)(oXriv em pivos k)( evdvg, rjv ri pfjpa pr] KaXov TrevOrj. yvvaiKog eari Kp-qyvrjs (f>epeLV rrdvra. iyd) 8e TOVTCov alriiq XaXeva dpi 40 fTToAAaf r-qv p,V yX<d>aaav eKrepielv Setrai. e/cetvo 8' ov aoi Kai pdXcar^ iTrepvrjadrjv, el (f)(,Xeis p' elTiov. TLS e(T<T>' o pdifjas avrov; ri ju.' i< p,>^Xe7Teis yeXcoaa; vvv opcoprjKag ^rjrpovv TO TrpojTOv; ^ ri ra^pa aoL ravra; 45 evev)(opat, KoptTTt, pL-q p. eTTHpevcTT] dXX 1776 Tov pdipavra.
prj
St],
KOPITT.a
pud,
TL p.01 evevxj)
K.epSa>v epai/je.
27. iroT 31.
Toicri
P P
:
corr. corr.
R.
R.
by K.
34.
5771'-
33.
XPW^
P-
.<ra.
vrjypv^o}
\rith
rjdiK-rjypvfij^
siiperscr.
36. Xeirpoi
and
140
MIME
Oh womankind,
I
VI. 27-^48
this woman shall one day fordo granted her prayers, and gave it her, Metro, ere I used it myself and she seized it like trove, and gives it to whom she ought not. To such an one, dere, bid I long farewell, and let her quest henceforward other friend in my room. To Nossis, wife of Medokes I speke beyond due limit and may Adrasteia hearken not though I had a thousand yet wolde I not lend one that were rotten.
me.
METRO
Prithee, Koritto, let not ire sit anon on thy nostrils an thou hear word of no fayre import. Gentle woman sholde suffer all things. 'Tis I that fault herein for speking o'ermuch I sholde cut out my tongue. But to my main intendiment who did stitch it ? Say, an thou love me. Why these mowes at me ? Hast neer seen Metro before ? What mene these bashings? I adjure thee, Koritto, false me not, but say who stitched it.
KORITTO
La
why
Ofqv
adjure
'Twas Kerdon.
TTpoa-ducTU}
14.
(wo-w erased) P. 37. Koprj tv Stob. Fl. Ixxiv. KaA 38. <TO(pov P: ao(pbu Stob. 41. <.fjy woWd K.
But the writer is here half asleep and quite probably has substituted ttoWo. (as \eirp{)s) for a word of the same sense e.g. -rrepiaad or &Kaipa (Greg. Naz. ii. 726, v. 984 i8ov TrporetVw T7]v iiKaipov Kai \d\ov yXQaaaV 6 diXwf j'lyXews eKTe/xveru). yXwaaav P: corr. by M. 43. Iwov P. 44. ef/S. P. 46. fj.ari/xoi P: corr. Bl., Hdl.
:
141
HERODES
<MHTPn>
Kotos',
etTre
/xot,
/xev-
KepScov;
50
Sv' elal
yap
KepScoves", et?
o yAau/cd?
aAA
o 8
rfjs
rjv
ovros oj)S' a^ TrXrJKrpov e? Xvprjv pdipai' erepog iyyvg rfjg avvoLKL-q? olkojv
'EppLoScopou T-qv TrXarelav eK^avrt,
jxev
KOT
rjv
tls,
rj
TOVTcp '_K.](vX)ai6ls
jJLVT^crdeLev
55
KOPITTn
ovhirepos avra)v icrriv S<v> Xeyeis, MTyr/aot, aAA' ovros ovK ofS' t) \k> ^tou tls t] 'pvdpewv rjKL, (f)aXaK{p)6s , fXiKKOs avro epels etvau 60 Ylprj^Lvov ovS^ dv avKov eLKaaai crvKCo
e\oi,s
d.v
{ov)\r](X)'
ttXtjv
eTrrjv
XaXfj, yvcoar]
iarl Kal ovxl T[pr]^LVOs. Kar* OLKLTjv 8' ipydt^er^ i<n>7ToXea)v Xddprj, Tovs ydp reXojvas Tidua. vvv dvpr] (fjpLaaeL-
KepScot' orevveK
aAA' p{yY OK^oiy (e')CTT' ipydrrjs; ^A.drjvair]s 65 avTrjs 6p<7J>v T(as') X^U'jP^^ ^^X'- Kep8a>vos' Sd^ets" e[ya;] puev 8uo ydp fjXd^ ^X^^' Mrjrpot
tSouff'
Ttt
dp,'
li8p.)ij
Tiop^piaT
i^eKvp.r)va'
iroLevaL
70
puovov tovto,
dAA'
Tj
epC
ovx
yvvaLK[L]
8L(f)cba'
MHTPn
KoJs ovv d(f)rJKas rov erepov;
142
::
MIME
Which Kerdon
:
VI. 48-74
<jMETRO>
me. There are two Kerdons, one of grey eyne, neighbour of Myrtaline daughter but yon note stitch plectre for of Kylaithis l)Te. The other has habitaunce forby the tenement of Hermodorus as one quitteth the Broad Way Him had of mark once but now eld hath him.
?
Tell
Kylaithis,
who
her.
is
now
at peace.
May
her kin
memorize
'Tis
KORITTO
neither of these, Metro. This one haileth from Chios or Erythrae, I wot not which bald and fig to fig notest a very Prexinos motest say short but whenas he prateth thou 'It ken him so compare to be Kerdon not Prexinos. At home he werketh bartering by stealth, for every door now shuddereth at But Avhat werkes is he werker ? the tax-gatherers. Athenes own handes woldest deme to see, not Kerdons. Ifor he came with twain of them, Metro at first glaunce were mine eyne extent e'en straighter than the hvehhed none listeth nay moe as soft as sleep, and the thonglets no thongs but wool kinder cobbler to feminitee notest find, quest how thou wilt.
:
:
'
'
METRO
How
52. oiK^wf P. 57. ojs P: corr. Bl. 58. tixlov F corr. W. Schulze. 60. aidavKUL P. 61. suppl. by K. 63. KaToiKetv P with mark of error at beginning: corr. R. 65. I give the letters as Milne reads them exc. (e)aT for {a)aT. Construction as to. fxerecopa (ppovTLcrTris (Plat.), /J-vpia xefjuraardp (Aesch.). 66. opia)v P. 67. suppl. BL, Buech. 68. afxi{dfx)7j P. 72. suppl. R. 73. suppl. Hdl. (7;(r.[.] superscr.). 74 etc. suppl. K.
143
HERODES
<KOPnTn>
t[i]
S'
OV, Mt^TjOOI,
eTTp-q^a;
koltjv 8'
ov TTpocTrjyayov ireiOovv
75
avTCp;
(f)(,Xevaa,
yXvKW
TO aa)fxa
Sovaa
;^[/3]?ycTaa0ai.
MHTPn
aAA'
et
ae
/cat
rovr
rj^ioja'
eSet 8ou[v]at.
KOPiirn
eSet yap' ciAA' aKaipov ov TrpeTTOV (y
rjXrjdev
rj )
eiv'af
80
BiTa<S>os'
rjp.ecov
ei'
fxeao)
<^v^>ovXrj-
avTT)
yap
rjixepr^v
re
/cat
vvKra
KOlpT]
7T7TOfqKv,
TeTpC0^6Xo[v]
MHTPn
Ka)S S' ovTOS evpe rrpos
<l)iX7]
ere
rrjv
pie
oSov ravri^v,
il;va(rf).
85
KoptTTOt;
p,rjOe
rovro
KOPITXn
7Tep.ipv avTov ^Aprepug rj Kai^Sa <8> (o)[s' TOV ^vpaoSeipeco Trjv OTeyqv arjp.rjvaaa.
MHTPn
atet pikv
^KpTepus Tt Kaivov
evptjcrei,
TTpoaoi
Vieuaa
Trjv ttpokvkXit]
90
aAA' ovv y' OT* ovxl tovs Sw' el^^g i<K>Xvaai eSei 7Tv6ea9ai tov eTepov tLs rj i< K>Bovaa.
14.4
MIME
:
VI. 74-92
<KORITTO>
all persuasiouns trayned : All things tryed I kissing, stroking his bald pate, flagons of mead, fond names, albut surrendring mine own bodie.
METRO
this sholdest
have given.
Aye but all things in tyde. Eubule wife of Bitas was grinding before us. For day and night long doth she weare our stone into scrapings, enaunter she pay a grote to set her own.
his
way
Eke herein
false
me
hither,
Artemis, wife of Kandas the tanner, sent him shewing the house.
aye find some new device drinking bawdy bottles. But sin notest salve the algates sholdest have found who bid the other.
will
in
81. -oXriOevyap P. raros corr. W. Schulze. t'/j.a{ij})iP : corr. Jevons. 86. \peva{T])[L] P. 87. KavP (so Bl.) corr. W. Schulze. 90. P has Ly)vda{\Trriv), but there is a quite different correction (unfortunately illegible) above. I imagine rrjs TrpoKVKXitjs aTdfxuT]^. 91, 92. ey for K P.
5oi'\t]
Saros
145
HERODES
KOPITTn
iXiTTapeov o 8
"fravTrj
yap
<tJXco>
Mryrpot.'j'
<MHTPn>
vvv Trpos Aprepuv et<iJ,L> OKcos 6 }^(phoj)v oartg icrrlv el8[ri](cr)co vyiaivi /a(o)[i, Kopirjrt- Aat/xa t[is'] <K>oipt]
Aeyet? ohov
fioL-
95
y]lii\y\
a(f)[epTTeLv\
iarL
KOPITTn
TTjv
Bvprjv KXelaov,
a/3r[t]^(o)[K']Ae[7r]Tat,
rts ev koXtto).
of 93.
94. This verse at top of the column with a right mg. The article was only granted to a lady in return
146
MIME
I
VI. 93-102
|for he
was
Thy tale speedeth me now hie I to Artemis to know what man Kerdon be. Fare thee well, Koritto one hungfereth and I must move off.
: :
Shut the door ho you there, chick-girl and tell an the hens be safe, and toss darnel to them. For indeed the bird- thieves spoyle e'en an one rear abosom.
for services. i^ai P corr. by R. 97. init. suppl. Buech. fin. corr. Grooneboom. 98. init. suppl. Cr. med. Diels. 100. suppl. by Cr. 102. suppl. Hdl.
:
96. suppl.
{Xai/j-at)
Buech.
and suppl. by
147
VII
C]KT(T)[E]YC
MHTPn
KepScov, ayoj
(cr)ot
racrSe
ra.'s
(y)[ums', etj t
KEPAriN
ov
iyd) <^[t]Aea)
Trjv ixl,ov^
ere.
jjbdrrjv,
^IrjTp^ol),
e^o) aaviha;
TrdXiv KadevBeig;
kotttc,
ntcrT(e), to
pvy^og
avTov, jjiexpi'S tov vttvov iK)(er] Travra' pidXXov Se T-qv dKavda[v], co? e;^l_'^]i' K<Xd>rj,
K TOV
Tpi^eLv
1.
Tpa-)(rj\ov hrjaoly.
eV\a
St^,
[KepKco\ifj,
\Jx'']](}'as-)
10
vov{d)[TVipATa}v] Tcovhe;
3 fin. an erasure. 4. <^[t]\cj correxi et supplevi. 9. da or) suppl. Ke'p/fw;/' Hdl. 10. supplevi dubitanter. 11. supToiTwvoe P {tov being cancelled by by Hdl. The gap here when the mounting is corrected is of dots). about one letter more than would appear from the facsimile ;
7i'i'(is
Diels,
/caXrjt
ei
Tt Ellis.
P. Diels, plied
8.
148
VII
THE COBBLER
(Scene
: A street in Ephesus (?) by a cobbler's shop. Metro arrives and introduces two customers to Kerdon. Slaves are at work inside. Metro appears to have made Kerdon' s acquaintance since Mime VI and to some effect)
Kerdon, I bring thee these dames an hast she handyeraft to shew them.
My loves labour for thee, Metro, is not lost. Set the larger plank outside for the dames. 'Tis Drimylos Asleep again ? Smite his snout, Pistos, I speke to. Nay rather, that his till he shed all his sleep. penaunce may endure, hang the teasell from his yearnst neck. Ply thy knees apace, sir Kerkops Now to chafe louder ^ chastisements than these ?
;
'
louder,'
i.e.
chains.
letters.
See Kenyon
in
the
Cam149
HERODES
vvv K
fiLv
avT-qv, Ae[
{^)yco]
XafX7T]pvveLg
]i/h^ctco.
/c(a)[t] fplfjs;
oev
rri{v)
[
T')7t'
e(^ea)[^e, M](i7)Tpor.
ntCTT[e
ojt^a?
](i^),
TTvpylSa,
TO.
fXT]
rrjv c58[e,
15
XPV(^''l^
^PyO-i
TOV
.
Tp\LCJp6(j)OV
.]oS
rax^cos eveyK
ol
ava>{6)\ev
rjavx^j
[
Mt^Jt/joi,
epy
irroipead
]ov
]
Trpcbrov,
fjip]()a)V
rj
lxvo?'
20
yv\yaLKS'
Trrje pvq
r)v\^L(TK]ots
OKCJS
TTeTTrjye,
<K>[cog
aa](f)
25
Xipvaov aTaTrjpa](s) rpeis eSwKe Kav8a<8>(t) K[ep8aji/ TOVTO Krjrepov xpdJp-o.' 30 ] ^[pax^l Xoycp 8' 6pivv]pL 7rai^<T>' oct' tecrr't t[/3ja
/ccL>[aa'
d.A7^[^et7^]i'
j8at
f^ei-v
jU.[7^8'
]a)v yivoLTO
Ka\i\
p,rj
^iov ovqacs
X'^P''^ irpog pie
35
150
MIME
VII. 12-37
:
<smooth-rump>, dost clene and wipe it I'll wipe thy <posteriours> for thee. Sit ye down, Metro. Pistos, ope the <double> chest not this <here but yon, and have out> my noble werkes, bringing them <thyself> speedily the third floor adown. Happy Metro, what werkes shalt behold Quietly, <sir greedy-belly>, ope the shoecase. <This> sole Metro is fixed of persee how fast fect <parts> descern ye, too, ladies it is, and how truly finished with straps all about, nor is it part-fair part-fowl, but equall handicraft algate And for tint so may Paphos queen grant ye joyaunce of all things <soever> ye yearn for no tint like this hath <any yet chaunced on>. Where shall <dye or> wax bear sike flowers ? Three gold staters did K<erdon> pay to Kandas who sold him this and another colour, nay I swear by all things holy <and hallowed> that I speke sooth and that no lye <shall escape the barrier of my teeth> one moment or may Kerdon have no profit of life <or trafficking> and bade me thank him for, and true is it, <the skinners> clutch after greater gains now. <As with
but Pistos
may
touch them.
K.
e.g. oX^irj
18. 9 or 10 letters missing, e.g. crv, Xai/uLaarpou. (Hdl.). 19. corr. by Bl. Seven letters missing after olye e.g. TovTo (Bl.) 5)) or croi. 20. supplevi. 21. suppl. 22. oTTws P (who started to write op). supplevi by R. 24. supplied by Cr., Bl. 23. suppl. Bl., Hdl. e.g. 26. e.g. nediova'. with oo-wi'irjep Hdl. 25. ? Tld<f>ov, 27. e.g. ^eyiXrjxef oi''5<e>is 28. suppl. Cr. Hg. : e.g. (pvKos. 30. suppl. Cr. 29. supplevi: ar(t)P: corr. W. Schulze. 31. earLvtl ] a P Then e.g. 6 5' eoidov. 6/Lf.vv/j.L Trdvd' ba iarT [pa. Bl. 32. init. suppl. Hdl. jBadi^eiv mark of doubt is P : suppl. and corrected by Bl. 34. e.g. d/meixpeTai t). prefixed. 33. e.g. epKos 5' odoi/Tojv. 36. suppl. Cr. init. e.g. 35. supplevi e.g. ^/j.-iroXewv. 37. e.g. oi f)ii>od^\//ai. fJT-qcrfu.
: .
:
151
HERODES
]
. . . .
rapya
rrj's
rexvrjg rjiJL<e>cov
I'ap'L
Jeojt'
vvKra
<K>rjiJ,prjv KOuTTTei
ddXTTCv
40
]
.
.
rj[JL(DV
oixpi'S
ioTTTeprjS
ov SoKew T6a<a>ov
TO.
....
^]{6)aKto,
]s,
orevveK
ot,
'
(h
VT)
yvvaiKes OLpyl
Z(e)i;(s'),
Ti,,'
45
]v
K^V
TOVTO fxovivov
TttAAa 8'
ai/[
^e/)'
el cf)pLS
....
e](a)Tai
t(o)vt^
cfjacrLV,
rj
dyo{p)r] Setrat
a,v8]dvr], },lr]Tp[ot,
TO ^evyos, erepov <K')7>Te[p]ov /xaA' i^otaet, dv (v)6{a)) TTCLadrjre [jxtj A]eye'/y] ipevBea KepScova. rds p-ipi a)a\jx^a]Xovx^Bo.s rrdoras
51
eW
'
>y ^K)aXLcrT^
(eu) vrjdeLcras
55
ifjiTrdKLa,
'IcovtV
djJL(j)LU(l)ai,pa,
WKmnjSrjKes,
60
d[v'\p,6s
KOKKihes,
ecf)rj^oi,
dv aiadoiade
GKvrea yvvalKeg
SS. Taepy a and
e.g, (popeiT.
Kvveg ri ^pcv^ovcnv.
e.g.oKw^ixeKiffff-qs. 39. suppl.Bl. huius loci mire agit Edmondsius
riij.-j.-i'F.
De mensura
tamquam
152
C.Q. 1925, qui ea quae falsis rationibus adductus conjecerat, spatiis congruentia iterat. 40. e.g. Trdax^", and
41. e.g. ^7r<e>i
ris.
dvup/ewc Postgate.
43. e.g.
ij
Trierai: cett.
MIME
VII. 38-63
bees, so ye enjoy> my handicraft, dames, but I, the cobbler, <suffering> piteous woe, <this> <chamber> warm night and day long. <Which of us> eateth till even ? <0r shall drink> at dawn ? Not Mikion's <combs> I ween are so <bounteous to all els>. And Avhich is more tho' thirteen slaves I browse they are all idleness itself, and e'en an rain come know naught but Bring an bringest but for aught els sitt croakles, like chicks warming their posteriours. But say they, Market needs not words but brass.' So, an this pair beseme thee not Metro,
'
'
'
he will bring out another and yet another till ye be persuaded o' mind that Kerdon telleth no lies. Bring me, Pistos, the shoecases all soothly, dames, must ye have arms well laden ere ye go home. Ye
:
little
descern here are all these kinds Sicyonian, Ambracians, Nossians, Chians, parrots, hemps, Baucises, slippers, Ionian buttoned, hop-o '-nights, ankle-tops, crabs, Argive sandals, scarlets, lads, stairs say each what heart wish, that ye may know why women and dogs devour leather.
shall
:
:
suppl. K.
TOffoi'
corr.
K.
ev
43. fiiKp^vos
corr. Cr.
'
Hg.
fin. e.g.
Troieiv (iXXoi'j.
Sic vos
non vobis meUificatis apes.' Mikion misellus apibus suis ne decimam quidem partem mellis {Geopon. xv. 5. 4) reliquerit. ei Kdpas. fin. e.g. 44. 'Kov P: suppl, Buech., Cr.
45. oToi/ceKwithesuperscr. P.
P.
Hdl. 48. Sttws P 52. {i')o[w)'P: 51. xo.Te[p]ovF. Jackson. K-rixi^vasF. fin. supplied by Buech. (?). read and corrected by Bl. p-oL Bl. 56. di)aeade P ? rest 53. (Tap.pa\ovxi-oas Buech.
:
46. ol' e.g. dpyi-rjirdi'Tti Hdl. 47. suppl. by Cr.: e.g.d\f/j(pws Hdl. with k superscr. corr. and suppl. by
as R.
57. aiKvvta P and Xeiai P: ipLTTaKta in E.M., Hsch. Camb. Phil. Soc. 1927.
corr. Hdl.
58. ^pLvraKaia
fiXamTLa P.
See Proc.
153
HERODES
MHTPn
Kocrov
;^/3et'^ets'
dneiJLTToXfj
<v t6>
t^evyos ;
aAAd
jut)
^povreajv
65
ouTOs
CTV
<KEPAnN>
avrrj uv Kal ripuqaov el deXeis
/cat
avro
tijjltjs.
iarlv a^iov
(et)T
(e/c)
t6((t)cov
yap ov
ere
prjSlaJs Kp(l)vai,
<MHTPn>
7]v
deXrjg,
epyov
70
epeis Tt
<KEPAnN>
val jxa T-qvSe ttjv Tecf)prjV Koparjv,
0'
TO-x^
i^s"
dX(f)Lrr]p6v ip(y)a(Xe)ta
Kivevat.
'Epfjirj
CO?,
rjv
re KepSecov Kal av Kephelrj Ilei^ot, Ti, fiTj vvv rjixiv eV ^oXov Kvparj,
oKios dfxeivov
r)
75
OVK
oI8'
<K>v<d> prj
Trpiq^ei.
Tt TovBopv<iC,>eis
pi[vri\{s)
TO i,evyos-
dvco "a<T>'
as 65. (marked corrupt) : <' r6> inserted by K. 69. {K)f.{ei)vai and (e/c) to(o-)wc legi ('possible' Milne). 70. fei;7ewj' legit Milne : sed vide addenda, 72. a\uir7]^
:
154
MIME
VII. 64-80
METRO
That pair thou tookest up just now at what price woldest barter ? Ho, thou, roar not overlowd ne put
us to flight.
<KERDON>
thou, prithee, price it thine self and weigh the price thereof next, for 'twas no random chance, lady, that led thee, out of all these pairs, to the true
:
Ho
one
<METHO>
Prithee talk some busines.
<KERDON>
Aye, busines indeed will I talk I swear by this grey pate whereon fox nests ^ to bring quick bread to toolpliers. Ah gainster Hermes and gainstress Suasioun in troth, an naught now rencounter our
casting, I
shall prosper.
Lady
^
this pair is
i.e.
bald.
73. marked as corrupt : suppl. Diels. suppl. Hdl. 76. x"^P^ P by 74. KepS^wv Danielss. and others. Kv6pT] letters : Buech., of some correction Meister.
P.
form of
78. efe5t0 (imitating the P corr. by Buech. used in the text copied) P cf. on 77. 79. sup80. -quwa-q P : corr. by Hdl. plied by K. 77. TovOopv^eL
I
: :
155
HERODES
pLvrjfi
o Si]KOT
(hveviiivrjs avr-qs
av ovk airoard^at,.
MHTPn
/xaA'
TTeTrXrjde
(f>vXaaae Ka_py\a(7
85
Tov Tavpeojvog
rrjs
rj
ydnov
ttolcI
-^peLiq'
ere,
ApraKrjvrjs, KVTTohrjixaTOJv
ovv, rdXrjg, {a^ovai) avv tv)(J} Trpos fjLaXXov Se TrdvTCvg' dXXd BvXaKov pdipai
rax
/xt)
at yaAat S(,olcrovat.
90
KEPAflN
rjv
rjv
T T
'q
KaT<'q>
eXdrj,
jjlvtjs
eXaaaov ov<k>
^e'AetS",
otcrei,
7]
GK7TTeV.
MHTPn
dyadr] rvx^j, K[e]/)a)v, irodoi re KrjpcoTeg ifjavovGiv, dAA' els Kvvaa koL kukt] Xoj^iq-
ov aoi
St'Scoatv
r]
ifjavaai
TTohiuKow
cuv'
95
cSctt'
eK
erepov ^evyos
Koaov;
aeojvrov.
85. (f>v\a(T<TeKa{ Jacr 87. [r] -qffa' p)[Tay K]rivri(T
as corrupt.
two short letters missing. supplied by K. 88. marked 91. T]Kare\0ri Reading (Cr.) is doubtful.
:
P P
156
MIME
earth
:
VII. 81-99
Full metely, Kerdon, is thy hovel packed with plenty of fayre werkes keep them and make them. On the twentieth of Taureon Hecate holds marriage of- the Artacene, and need is of shoon. Mayhap, wretche, nay assuredly will they hye to thee. Stitch thee a purse enaunter the cats dispred thy minas.
:
Come
Hecate, come
them
Fayre Fortune, Kerdon, granteth thee not to touch dainty feet that loves and desires touch thous a scald knave and an infamy. So from us thou 'It get no more than Aeoleus' dawn ^ but at what price wilt give yon other pair to this lady ? blatter thilk time some utteraunce beseming; thee.
:
-.
^ The inrepri(pa.uoi of Theophrast carefully cuts people in the street, looking above or beneath them so here the sense is affect to despise (Trepiopdv, vwepopav). ^ Conceivably <A>Lo\evs dreamt of great riches and woke to find himself robbed. The whole would mean 'less than nothing.'
:
'
'
and
oi'xoicTi
P.
92.
rjVTriL
P.
96.
marked
as corrupt.
araT-rj
.
K ex X97. /cexx-
at top of column.
157
HERODES
KEPAHN
araTrjpag Trevre, val fia deovs, (f)o\{\ra rj <Ei)>eT7]pts- rjfxepiqv rrdaav ifjdXrpL 100 Xa^elv dvdoyova , dAA eyco jxlv \e\{)(d)\_a\ipcxi,
KYjv
reaaapdg
piot
\ap<L>Kovs
. .
.
VTroax'rjTai,
orevveKev pcev r-qv yvvoLKa (T)a}6d^eL KaKolai SevvoLS' et Se [. )(\i XP^^V evXa^ov<piat> tojv Tpichv .... hovvai 4>ip' Koi ravTa /cat ravr fj vpnv eTrra AapetKcov
106
Su]va6TO /a' eXduai a<ri> av \lrj\ rov 7Tia\yyyov iovra X<i>9Lvov es deovg dv{a7T)'prj{v)aL'
ex^i-S
ydp
ovxi'
yXdaaav
ov p,aKprjv d77(e)[CTT' (x)v]{'ijp) OTecp ai) ;)^etAea vuKra Kr]p.eprjv oty[ets'. c58e rov TTohiaKov els 'i<x>vos do) (jJ-tv). <f>p' TTCt^- p-TjTe TTpocrdfj's pir]r^ (xtt' ovv '^Xrf_s] p-rjSev
d, decbv eKeZvos
rd KaXd Trdvra
repLelv.
Ti]s
KaXfjoiv dpp.6t,eL-
115
So? avrrj
/cat
uv rov
ttoS'-
d, ^(J^pfj
dprjpev oirXfj ^ovs 6 Aa/crtcra? vpL<>as. ei ris TTplpjs ix^^^ rjKovqcre rr]v apuX-qv,
ovK dv, p.d rrjv l^ephojvos iariiqv, ovrcu rovpyov cra^eo;? e/cetr' dv ojs aa(f)<e>a>s avrr) av, Scoaeis irrrd AapiKovs rov8e,
rj
120
/cetrat.
pLl,OV
LTTTTOV
125
{ev
om.
e.g.Tuivd'.
is
The placing
158
of a fragment
uncertain (Lamacraft)
perhaps
MIME
VII. 99-125
Five staters, 'a gods name, doth the harpist Eueteris bid me take, and haunteneth me daylong, but I hate her, tho' she promise me four Darics, in that she wyteth my wyfe with ill reprieves. But an ye nede such, come <I am ware of giving les than the three> let these and these be ^ yours for Darics seven, for Metros sake gainsay thou me naught. Thy voice might drive me the stony cobbler to fly heavenward in for no tongue hast thou but a sieve of joyaunce sooth not far from heaven is he unto whom thou opest thy lips day and night long. Here with thy dainty foot let me set shoe thereon. Ah no more, no les all things fayre fit the fayre Athena herself, motest say, cut the sole. Give me thy foot, eke thou the lout that trod on you had a clumsy hoof.^ Had one but whetted his kmfe on the sole, 'a Kerdons hearth, the werke were not so true as true 'tis. Ho thou, woldest give seven Darics for this, thou that gigglest against the door moe lowd than horse ? Dames, an ye have need of other sandals dainty or
1 the subjunctive (as Soph. Phil. 300) is softened ^ the sense (Si) as in Soph. (otSd^o;). - Appears to be a mere touch of picturesque flattery.
:
by
want
He does not translate the latter. 106. KaLTavTavTaKairavT P v/xif P. 107. ita Hg. 7; tXaaai P. 108. dvfaiTo Buech., marked as doubtful. supplevi et correxi v om. P (cf. v. 91): post av unius corrected 109. iovraX-qdivov P. literae spat. The verse 110. 7)briu-!q(joi)d{fi-q)v (or (0") Pby Hdl. 111. supplied by Buecheler. is marked as doubtful. 114. 7ra|. ix-qre P. 113. legit id. 112. supplied by Bl.
perhaps [/j-eYiov. spUt the set.' corrected by K.
6r'[ap],
to
'
115.
TTfi
P.
Meister.
I'/xaj
P:
corr.
159
HERODES
aV
etdiade, rr^v fxOL SouA[t8'] c58e <8er> Tre^TreLV. 8' '^K, M.TjTpol, TTpOS fl TTJ evaTT) TTaVTOJS
OKCOS Xd^T]s KapKLVia' TTjv yap ovv ^anrjv daXnovg dvev Set < Kal> (f)povovvT' <e>vSov paTrreiv.
126.
marked
as doubtful.
:
Tre/x-n-eTei
crossed out
corr. (ppovovvTaKaipairTiv P.
BI.
60
MIME
VII. 126-129
me
the handmaid.^
But be
me
on the ninth to
^ The suggestion seems to be that Metro's commission needs inordinate care. The subject matter of Mime VI. is perhaps suggested. eVSoe objective on its inside.'
'
161
VIII
ENYRNION
"Aarrjdt, SovXrj
^VAAa*
y.^xpi'
Teo Keiar^
peyxovaa;
T]
ra TrX^evpa KviLaaova' ;
(f)rjp.L,
kol dipov,
deXeLS, Xvxi^ov,
Kal T]r]v dvavXov x^^P'^^ ^S" vopLTjv Trepupov. T^{ov)dpvt,e Kal Kvo), piexpi-S <o>v 7Tapaara\s ool to] ^pey/xa tco GKiTTOjvL fxaXdaKov 0a>/xa[t. SciJAt) MeyaAAt, K:(a)[t] av Adrpnov Kvojuaets ; 10 ov\ Tdp[y)a ak rpv)^ov]aLV aXXd p,rjv arip.pi[a 7T tpa htt,6p.e{(i)id~\a ; ^a(to)s" ovx '^p-lv
iv rfj OLKLTj dar-qdi<'cr>Tt p,alX]X6s elpicov.
pLoi
SetATy,
av ri
riv
rov\iyap),
el
deXetg,
^Awd,
15
dKovaov, ov yap
v(rj)[7rLas'\
^pevas ^ocrKeLs.
rpdyov
(tji
deleted
in this
The supplements
and superscr.). 4. roc] {k)v(tov. and following vv. are due to Diels,
t
adrricrov
P but
K.
dwfia{i
if
8. rovj^pffe
pLffiv
P
'
correxi
Camb. Ed.
of the
192:2.
9. To\^peyfxa
P.
P. P.
\0. 5i]\-nu.eya\\lY.
/c^a)[i>u P.
11. oi']Tafp(7)a
is
The width
damaged
surface
so small that
162
VIII
THE DREAM
(J monologtte {probably) on a winter s day at dawn in a country farm. Herodes, as master of the house, A sow grunts outside^ rises and wakes the servants.
How long wilt lye snoring Rise up, Psylla wench and the sow forswat ? Tarriest till the sun steal into thy parts and warm them ? Art not thy ribs tired,
!
tireless one, of sleping these agelong nights ? Rise up, again I say, and light the lamp, prithee, and escort her unmelodious pigship to pasture. Oh, mutter and scratch thyself till I stand o'er thee and make me thy noddle soft with my stave. Megallis, ^vretche, snorest thou too like ympe of Latmos^ ? Not for seeke we a wool fillet with werkes art weary for rytes, not a wisp of wool is in our habitaunce.
:
Wretche
I
rise
up
prithee,
list
to
a gote, fayre of
'
to sacrifice.'
it
(the letter after p) is a 7 the horizontal stroke must have en P: corr. 13. eirij' P. been exceptionally short K. awa P. Verse 14. P, suppl. by Bl. Hdl. Ma[X]\o.7 P. 15. suppl. by K. 7)t?[ superscr.% 16. marked as doubtful. 17. med. suppl. by Cr. suppl. Cr. above (o-/x[ P.
'
163
HERODES
eVet 8e
eco
<Tv
T7J;
hrj
\jJ-]iiv)
. .
.
(ha ovcj-qg
ov^
yap
eaacoixaL,
pLy^c
IS"
20
TroLev[vTO.
a'AAT^?
Krjyoj
.]
(ctt^L
.]
(y)e[
ol S'
KO-pra. {p)\_pix)v\reg [
7r[
25
\TT]Xr)aiov
]{o.v)iia,
.J
/u.e[.
^{iv)
OA)[expt] {ra})[v
.
.
Cr;^[lCTT.
KpOKOJTl.
AeTTTTy?
.]^t[
.
a)[.
.]
cr[(T)t/CT'>7]s'
30
K[adLp.ev]-qv KV7Ta[o'(jL]v
Toil's]
'
wfiois,
k6 pvfx^a 8'j d/i^t K{p)i_rjTL (/c)] tCTCTt[(v)] eareTTTO' KV-qjiT] Ko]dopvou [. KaWja^coarprj .Jtj
.
.
<>lXi,kto- k](L
[JL6V
TO^CTcrdSJe a(t)[^ptou]
. .
.
(f)pLKrj',s
....
dA(e)]tupi7i^
etx[
.^6
35
18. e.^.
e.^.
eif
TO repua
oi'
Hg.
I
19.
77[. .] (r(pa[
P: supplevi.
late for the beginning). 20. supplevi e.g. coll. Milton, Sarns. Ag. 1596, 'Occasions drew me early to this city And as the gates I entered ^ith
<eyLpva-',
{i.e.
.' The morning trumpets Here the dreamer was always going to the festival or he would not have been dragging the goat. After avpiy. e.g. repwv av\ovvTi$ then 7r\e',o-qv: cf. Eratosthenes //*. 27 Powell irepiwXeyorjv Koeix'jvecrai. (from the Erigone, which I conjecture to be related to these 21. marked as corrupt, verses). init. suppl. Herzog,
was
sunrise
fin.
Cr.
cett. e.g.
fJLOcTxovs
x^P<^''-
oecrfid,
fr.
Kal
26
Kai
x^^P'^^
ii.
: cf. K<pvci8as.
lie
xpov
<TTrjffa.fji.evos
(ttclxw wpaiov TrXiKerw arecpavov r]p.epioas re wepl 22. supplevi e.g. ip' 6 5' (Hg.) Ke<pa\7js eyeiperto KL<jai2 kt\. (pvyuiv, 23. e.g. oiTJyev ifj-Trekovi Tpwywv: cf. Hesychius 24. e.g. ?k5ik' ipSovra, opves oiVox'TWJ'fs. 25. e.g. dv/xa'
164
MIME
VIII. 18-S5
beard and horn. And whenas at long last I <dragged him> from the dell with dawn for I failed not my task, <mid pleasaunt ditties on> flutes goteherds were twining grene <bonds>. No hurt did I but <the gote scaped> and nibbled <of the vine shoots now from this> tree now from that. But those around, seeing how he <'did> right <wantonly>, made the gote <an oblatioun>. Now against the altar and hard by me saw I <a young man clad> in a very fayre cloke of gold to his feet.^ He was dight with a slit frock round <his thighs> so and he as it mote reach down to their thin curve had about his shoulders a long gowne bound by a stole of dappled fawn, and a crown of ivy tendrils around his lied. His nether shin was <swathed> with the binding of a high boot. Such a garb had he as fayre protectioun from savage chill,^ e'en as real.^ Mean-
^ For the number of clothes see the excerpts from Athenaeus in the Cambridge edition. ^ Tlie supplement is certain enough from Hesych.
'
xJ/VXOS
*
^ocpoKXrjs
'AfX(pLapdix3.
aWpos'
KaXrjv
fiin.
e.g.
dx
d\7}divrj<r'
27. e.g. 26. e.g. ij.V Brj nv' dSov eXKOvra. KaXov iJ.dK (f)i/xa, and Tro5u>v, xP""'"'"'' (the punctuation is /md (feminina ejulatio) is imcertain from the space in P). possible, xpi'^'^o'^''' ^"d el/xa are necessary : see Callixen. Ath. 28. e.g. o'xio-toj' KpoKUTov 197 e and Cambridge Ed. p. 384. (Vogl.) TiiJLtpiecrTO Tovs fxripovs. 29. wv do^e and Kadi^eaOai. 30. supplevi. fin. suppl. Hg. Traces of last letter (in adjoining column) noted by Cr^. crTiKTrfs ex v.l. in v. 32
Trpos 5e Tui pic/jLU.
certum: improbatEdmondsius.
^i/cTjz')
:
3 1.
init.
supplevi (velKopa-
/cat is
impossible.
:
30).
'icT(pLKTo
33. supplevi
e.g. j'<e>tdr7?.
V {hoinv.
:
longiora
(Hg.)
etc.
35. supplevi.
165
HERODES
ol Se
TO (8)[ep/x]a XaKril,LV
40
^e^-q\{K)ev\aC\ Xcoarov
<K>ol
OL 8
Koviv KoXvfjif^cbvTes
A.vv[d.
re Kavirj [ ^evra. K<^>yd) SoKCOV Sis pi(ov)[yo]s k Toarjs Xei-qs ctt' ovv dXeadaL, Kr]Xd(Xa)^av (Lvdpcojroc
els ev yeXoJS a>s
pi
45
el6ov
Jois"
TTjv
So[^pr]]v
7net,evaav
Kai ^[
ol S' e[
ypVTT\_
r
.......
I'^WL
50
'to.
epp'
wv
Trpea^vs
60
ovXrj
^arrjpcrj
e.g.
KOiipcv.'
aira;(t)
36. init.
serit.
supplevit
Lobel.
primum
o
scrip-
\unros
= 8p/xa
(Hg.).
med. supplevi.
wXwttos
TreiroiTjcrdai Mn. recte 37. jtucrews o P. suppl. init. e.g. ct's TrXoi?;' Hg. correxi et med. supplevi. 39. e.g. ktjx^'-'' 38. supplevi e.g. npoidevT' e](pr] [5e de?//. 40. Siov. P corr. K. 42. dpto;' avT]e 7r[po(r/3. 44. e.g. vevrripes ceu urinatores explicavi (C.E. trad.).
P. Cr.
166
MIME
VIII. 36-60
time they <set forth> the hide in size such as mote have been the gift of Aeolus for Ulysses <voyaging, while he bade that they> sholde lepe on the skin ^ <while he sholde win that> was best at landing again thereon, e'en as we observe in the dances of Dionysus. And some plunging with their foreheds on to the dust smit as dyvers the erthe amain others were cast aback and all thynges, Annas, both laughter and payne were mingled in one. And mesemed I too had share and alone of that sore havocke leped on twice, and they acclaymed me as they saw me burdened and <o'erprest with the> skin <around my
:
shoulders after the order of victors>. <did cast me out with mocking words <old> man hooked of nose and fowl of
.
.>.
for
I
thy tramplings. Out of sight, leaste be I smit thee athwart with my rod.'
o/s
the
'
first
give a suggestion in accordance with impact the ieaper would bound up.
in 45.
After
ixovvos 45. Ka-yui P with mark of doubt. vafjiLxdevTa. (so bis may have been explained as 5' eis rectissime Hg. 47. supplevi. e.g. alvGis: Hg. ?) in right hand margin. 48. e.g. Kai <p\Q)aav d/x0i (buounv in fine bopriv suppl. Cr. 49. e.g. ol 5' e^eiSaWof <!ir(n ola vLKwvTa (Ar. Ran. init.). 50 sqq. a description of the old man (ed.). ij.i.^id/j.0oi(n. 58. fin. e.g. ooprjv p-owos. 57. fin. e.g. kQs 5' -ijpd-rjs. 59* sq. supplied by K. from Schol. Nicander, Ther. 397
'Ilpwdrj's
i.
TT. /i7J
, . .
ev Toj
IT.
a' iKTTipQlV
K.
/3.
KaXvxpT}.
167
HERODES
KTjyd) fxeravris
Oavevfji^
'
d>
TrapeovWes
'
rjfjLL(f)drjv
jLt[
jjLapTvp o'lp.at Se
o S' elirev
/cat
St^ctqi.
Av]m
e^-o)
65
]v
Tt
atya
ttj? (f)\dpayyos
K-](a)Aoi3
hibpov
(A)[tcov](r^CTou-
CO? S'
ot at]77-oAot pLLV
eK ^irjs [eSa](t)TpewTO
70
()jjious (jx)]6xdovs
ra
TO
/xe'Aea
77oAAot
Kapra rovs
cuS'
TiAeucrtt'
fjLTjv
ei^
^lovarjaiv
^V'^^y]' (ot)[/xat.
aedXov cos S6k<o>v ^xl'^'']^ jjlovvos, TToXXoJv Tov CLTTVovv KojpvKov TraTrjadvTcov, KTj TO) yepovTi ^vv' eTTprj^ opLvOevri, CTTt] KXeo val Moucrav rj ju,' eVea KlX'JGei
/Lt]ey'
75
e^ Idpi^ajv,
/xe^'
rj
fxe
hevrip-q yv[ojpi-q
I
e](fior)s"
Kelvov
168
MIME
VIII. 61-79
'
And I ansAvered back O folk, I will die for the country an the old man <summon> me thereunto call I the young man to witnes.' And he bad the flogman to <bind> both in the stocks. Thereat ended my swevening. <W here is my> coat ^ ? Hither Avith it, Annas. Thus saw I thus expound I. <E'en as fayre> was the gote I dragged out of the gorge, e'en so shall I have some gift from Dionysus fayre and as amain the goteheards cleved him and rendered their rites and ate the flesh thereof, e'en so shall a many poetards ^ clever rend my writings. So reckon I. But as mesemed alone to have the guerdon, while many trod in vain the breathles ^ skin, for all I shared* with the old man enraged, e'en so by Muses troth, either shall iambickes call me to great fame, or my second intendiment gode me after the order of Hipponax of yore to sing halting measures to my Xuthos-born kin.^
: : :
1 He shivers with fear: cf. Callim. fr. anon. 80, and my note in C.E. So Ovid Heroides xv. 173 ego frigida s^irgo Amor. iii. 5 dixerat interpres : gelido mihi after a dream sanguis ah ore fugit. ^ The dream is interpreted by a series of puns to retain which I have taken liberties with the Greek, whicli runs: ' Many in a literary line (high-brows) shall tear up (criticize)
:
my
^
poems.
' '
*
^
breathles i.e. air-tight ; see Camb. Ed. fared alike Hg. my Ionian brethren ; i.e. to Athens.
' : '
169
IX
AnONHCTIZOMENAI
"EJ^t'CT^e Trdaai.
K\ai
7t[p]os'
')(]LT\cx)va
kov to Trathiov; he^\ov EueVetpav \_K\al VXvKrjv Q3)[ A]atSp7j' riqv irolfxov ov [
jets;
]i,va
fJ'T]
ere
[fcujiafxarcov
T[avT^ a]vrjvvTaj[s
]v
"rjl^rj
KaXXjaxT] TTeTTo[iKt\aaL.
]
</)ep'
[e?]
(/c)p[. .](o)(AA)[
<f>p^
ra
vv[v
avTT] av,
J^erat v6\ov
10
ou TTpoad^ d[
riOead^
a/u.[tAAaP'
....
rots'
fin.
i[ a\edXov e^oi^a.
"J?
Ji^i?
yXrjlj^ojva
1. suppl. K. Cr. rightly.
to] /ceuCTt
ct'
-rjeipa
supplevi.
e.g. j3pexfis
afirjxets.
2. suppl.
K.
3.
Eu^r.
fin.
top
4.
fiev.
e.^r.
sup-
plevi.
fjVTrfpTa oetfa.
ijdr)
fin.
e.g.
del
Ka9ev5ei,s ;
fin.e.g./xvrjcrco.
5. e.g.
6. e.g. oaaoicrtv.
med.
7rp6cr(pp'.
med. suppl. by
e.g.
supplevi. 7. e.g. ttjv Evereipav Cr. fin. e.g. es Kopou 5' oaaon.
8. so
Mne.
XPV ""oXXd
sai dvarriva
...
9.
supplevi
170
IX
BREAKING FAST
{Scene and plot
Sit
unknown^
the baby
ye
hither
all
down.
Where
is
thous <soaking my dress>. <Soap> the one that's ready. <Ever> asleep ? I fear lest I mind thee of all those prickings wherewith hast oft been tattooed e'er now, an thou continue these fearsome <yawns>. Hither with <Eueteira> <sholdest> have had enow of all these <sorry> hangdog grimaces. Hither too with the <cup>. Still <asleep> ? Ho there has <'Nossis> lost all those wits that once <were hers> ? and our visitaunt, are ye in pitched combat ? Seekst to carry off yon salad for prize ? Yet sooth I raised thee to be thy parents <stafF and
10. e.g.
/.cd //tj
in fine nomen : 11. e.g. dfiapTova'' t) re I'iji'is rj ^eiv-q. in med. e.g. /lucv . . . -oiaei^. fin. Cr.^
(pp
(i.e.
(pp[i'u}v]).
Cr.
yrjpus.
med.
e.g. ; Kairoi.
fin.supplevi.
171
HERODES
X
'*H -)(^a\Ke'qv /xot ixvlav
r) r]
Kvdpiqv Trat^et
e^aTTrcov
rr^CTi
jxrjXdv9<rj>rTi.v a/x/xar'
jxol
Tov KeaK<c>ov
Stob.
Fl.
Ixxviii.
6 (51
v-ijwiuv)
'Upwdov
'M.lflldfJLJSu)!',
1.
vv.ll.
x'^'^'^^-^Vj
fJ-vlriv.
2. vv.ll. raicrt,
:
by Meineke.
3. Ke<TKov
codd.
XI
'n?
oiKLr]v
ovK eariv
evjJLapecos evpelv
dvV KaKcov t,a)ovaav og S' e;i^et jxelov, tovt6<v> Tt yill^ov rod irepov SoKet irpiqaGeiv.
Stob. Fl. xcviii. 28 (27 Hense) 'Hpwoa accentu duo codd.)
3. TovTov corr.
Mt,td;a/3wj'
(sine
by Schneidewin.
/J-e'i^oi'
corr. Meister.
172
SMALLER FRAGMENTS
X
Or brassfly ^ or pot ^ playeth he, or tying threads to cockchafers robbeth my distaff of flax.
' ' *
'
Forms of blind-man's-bufF.
XI
Sin 'tis no light task to find a habitaunce that hveth sans ills but whoso hath least thereof him reckon to fare better than another.
:
Mimes
^
of Herodas
id.
to
Mime
173
HERODES
XII
MOAniNOC
Tov i^rjKoarov tJXlov Kdijuljr]^ FpJAAe, FpyAAe, dvrjaKe Kal retjipri yivev ojs TV(f)X6^ ov7T[p]Ketv<a> rod ^iov KajJiTTTiqp' ^ot^? OLTT-qpL^XuvTai,. -fjoT] yap av<y>rj Trjs
'ETTTyv
(I>
by Meineke).
3.
6
vrrep Ki7vo
or inrepKelvo codd.
'tipuidov puixidpiiiw)
avT^)
4. (Stob. ibid.
22
to Salmasius.
codd.
ai'77;
Salm.
codd.
:
corrected
by Porson.
aTrrj/jL^XvTo
Salm.
XIII
CTNEPFAZOMENAI
7Tpoa(f)Vs
oKcog
ns
-)(OLpdho}v av<r]>pLTr]s
I.vvepyaio/Mvais.
avaplrris
5' ev
Buecheler.
codd.
174
SMALLER FRAGMENTS
XII
MOLPINOS
Gryllus, Gryllus,
lap,^ die
when
hast entered hfes sixtieth for bhnd is the lap that ray is dimmed.
:
From
Herodes' Molpinos
id.
^ The Mss of Stobaeus give a most unusual phrase for passed your sixtieth birthday rounded your sixtieth sun as a runner entering the straight rounds the corner. ijXiov can hardly be correct. I have omitted it and sun,' slightly changed the metaphor.
'
'
'
'
'
XIII
FACTORY GIRLS
Clinging like limpet to rocks
But Herondas in the Factory Girls says .... Athenaeus word limpet).)
(discussing the
175
HERODES
(?)
419).
XIV
1
Xuper
et certe
fregit.
iam iam
albicascit
Phoebus, et recentatur
voluptatis.
iam
ficorum
mihbus
tot
non
videbitis grossum.
7
8
sumas ab aho
f9
176
APPENDICES
Appendix
(i.
80-85)
The readings of P proposed and generally accepted here (in col. 6) are quite impossible this is due in the main to mismounting. There are several strips but these may be considered as two strips since some join up. A the left hand strip is mounted touching B the right hand really there is a gap throughout of one letter (t in the top line (jov di<in'iTuv) and 7; in the bottom line (where the 8 of /xiy((S)' aprovs would have filled the slight gap shown). The following placiia are all wrong. Line 2. C. E. presents Cr.'s reading as mei.[\' a8/3]((rj). The gap is of 5 letters, not 3|. Nor can the traces be fitted. Moreover, if the //eAutits is a 7roTrjpt.ov, aSpw {sc. TroTijpuo) is nonsense. Line 3. Sei^oi' ot' {-n-apaXkarTeu) Nairn. This does not fit the traces. Further (a) there is a letter (e) of which some traces are visible before (77). (b) Before this another letter must have gone. Blass' ov[i<] (eyoj) (7rH/x)~() fits the spaces. I doubt, however, if
:
I'
it
or
(oi'Se
ya^) be right.
If
e{i<)[t]rt] (rjwi' is
Line
Line
4.
right, the
in space.
5.
for discussion.
177
HERODES
But there is another error of mounting. At the bottom line the strip (or combined strips) B are ^ of a letter too low. But the papyrus has stretched unequally and at the top verses the letters on B are a whole letter too low. At line 6 reKvov {-) they would be about f of a letter too low. The distinct traces after
(-) (i.e. after (-)[.])
Only
at
profitable.
(k).
.(ws)
and
or (i-5p). But here I think it is safe to leave the shado^svy traces, merely noting that they are all diagonal, that there must have been a wide gap after [i], and that there is a paragraphus, which can only refer to a change of speaker in or at the end of this verse.
between (doubtfully)
Alexis (Jr. 230) reads /a-// TravTeXoji avrw 8l8ovs v8apq' Karavoels ; i(Tov icro) jJUKpov' kuAws / i) Si' ye to
TTw/xa.
and give this word to Metriche in the sense of Thanks or When See also Alexis 111, Men. Milne considers this reading a legitimate 292. interpretation of the traces. There would, with change of speaker, probably be a gap of the space
*
of about one letter before k. It is not my purpose to argue in favour of any supplements.' It is rather to draw attention to a point which should have been noted before. As Crusius and Headlam certainly read a vast amount of Greek hteratm-e, it is quite safe to assume that there is in Greek literature no parallel whatever for wi'ao pov Tivo<;, you got something at my hands.' As well might you say eXa.f3ey eai'rw /Aot i-irov, he got a horse from me.' The dative of advantage inherent in the middle form wholly precludes another dative
'
'
'
178
APPENDIX
I
of advantage (or disadvantage) and the common use is, of course, Trap' ifxov. The question is simply where to divide the speakers (for P gives no paragraplii and no clues). Anyone familiar with the style of Herodes will easily recognize, I hope, that mv oi'icKei' jioi can hardly be other than an introduction to a request and that it is suitably followed by an interruption precisely because the speaker falters compare exactly vi. 15 (at the beginning of a con;
versation)
vi.
cr
vyA^ov
B. K7ro8cov
-tjfjilv
(f}6ip(rde, vu}(iv(TTp'
....
XicrcrofxaL
o"e.
A.
the speakers be not changed, the interruption remains. But we have a similar phenomenon (without the speaker faltering, but at the end of a plea) in iii. 56
if
:
Even
A.
B.
dAA
ei
Tt (TOi,
ai'Tto
Aa/i,7rpto"K
dyaOiJjv Ki'pcrats
[xyXaa-croy
M.-)]TporLfJirj,
firj
iTrei'xeo.
The
iii.
final
appeal
5'
88 A.
SeLpov
/xt'av
TavTi]V ajiapTii]v
all
is
KvStAAa,
p.rj fie
AxrTreire.
A
where there is an appeal off in mid verse. In all the wholly visible words you have here exactly the same thing almost as if it were traditional to the mime I came for no petty ends, but for those .' Gyllis sacred rites for whose sake
In fact in almost
cases
'
'
'
'
La
child
.'
. .
179
HERODES
Appendix
II
It is amazing to see the egregious vi. 94. blunder of Buecheler in reading ku.I as 'irrOi (I !) still repeated by editors. Yet there is no palaeographer in Europe mIio has or could support such an attempt. In editing a text it is fatal to proceed without expert
advice.
Appendix
(on
vii. 8.
III
9)
The spacing of the pap}a*us here which I \Ti. 8. gave in 1922 and for which I had secured Dr. Kenyon's assent in 1913 (C.E. p, 230 inf.) is sound like Dr. Headlam's conclusions. The exact reading
8e T'ljv aKai'^a[r'] ws ex[ tov ]'' xc-^'']'- ^k Tpax7]Xov Srjirov, the space left being of one large or two small letters. Now no satisfactory explanation it could only mean with of KuA/yt has been given a fair bond,' which is absurd. Wrongly I have suggested the reading oelpov and supposed a blow to be indicated. But this is inconsistent with -pifteiv which must be of something galling which is worn Do you wish to wear louder reminders (v. 62). than these indicates a heavier form of the same unpleasant gyves. Dr. Headlam might have noted
is /itt/VAov
'
'
'
180
APPENDICES
II-IV
that though aKuvOa itself is not used elsewhere of any instrument of this sort, yet similar words are so used. On K-qpvKes or sharp shell-shaped prongs Christian martyrs were made to lie {Eccl. Smyrn. Ep. Jacobsen, p. 590). The Latin is murices, a phrase also used to translate the Greek TfujSokoi, so called from the plant or burr.' As an instrument in the shop we have no evidence for aKuvtJa but a spiked instrument hung down the back underneath the dress would certainly prevent the slave from going
'
to sleep.
What
I.e.)
of
0J5
x V K(iXrj}
ws
ex^'
I
^*'
^s
not only
As
MS e'xets is necessary, w? exPV^' {F.G.A. 1923) lacks support. They did not say
Do
I.e.
you ought to have done.' Moreover kuXijl is at fault. Far the easiest correction is to kA/;, and this
so as
with
e'xwi/
Ki'jpvKa<i v7ro(TTpoji'i'r/xevoi
Iva
biaT'i]'i ^tt
:
ijiovov
KoXdcreios
58
Sevp'
is
;
eX9'
t'vd
That at least they did say Ar. Nnb. KXdyi, and the order is good, for
ibid.
e'xwv
stressed as
131 ti ravr
e^wv (rrpay-
yevofxaL
Appendix IV
(vii.
31
and 40
sqq.)
vii.
/xt
31.
Of this verse
oV
errrii'
we have
only
(3
and yet it is very probable that the whole can be reconstructed. Building
Trii.vd'
t[.]a,
i.
93.
181
HERODES
on
we get ofivvjj.i nravO' otr' very often the Greeks avoided anything so bold as the use of -as, oroets, etc., without an apologetic phrase. In an Attic tragedian, if we had -i'ras w-j e[ we might with fair safety conjecture ws el-dv (e'-o>,) and it is attractive to suppose that this line is whole and that we have another and common phrase here
Blass' sure foundation
Ipd.
'ia-r'
Now
3e ixvOo)
TravTa
ei'
crvXXi'jji-
/jlvOov
fSpa^^^ei
Adyw
Odvu)' f3pa)^vs
Lucian
. .
.
iii.
362 dvSpos ws
. . .
fipayjel
.
Aoyw eptAa^etv
ovdeTToi ore
aTravra
is
(ipa-xd 8e
;
TToXXd (TvX\a/3wv
cf.
704. 3.
Contrast
Mime
vii, 40 sqq. The conditions have been changed by recent work on the pap}Tus. Herzog (' rightly Bell) has recalled the reading K7ypt(a) in 43, giving At first sight it the signification of 'wax-hghts.' neither honey nor honey-combs gives sense, and the apparent verbal resemblance in Theocr. v. 126 TO TToropdpov d Trats di'6' voaros to. kuXloi K^pia fidxpai (with 112 rd MtKon'os) cannot possibly assist. Perhaps Kerdon likens himself to the little busy bee Coll. Alex. Lyr. Ad. 7, which works for others, There is a chance that j"M(Kpojv"j' Lucian, A.P. x. 41 is plagued with ;v7;pta (an unpleasant type of sore) and that Kerdon complains that his sedentary habits have
'
' ' '
'
'
'
182
APPENDICES IV-V
given him an even more distressing disease and this can easily be reconciled with Greek diction and the traces in P leaving a wide choice of alternatives,
;
e.g.
:
l.vT(.vQf.v
vfjii](<;)
Tapya
tt}^
re^^V);?
t^jiUDV
38
ydyypa^iyai'
7}
.
.
40
cra/)Ka]s rj/xeiov
.
i]ai 7rpo>s
TO,
MtKlWrO?
KlJpL'
See Aesch. fr. 253, Eur. fr. 792 (ijiayeSaiva quod fort. leg.). There is then a wide choice of unpleasant details to fill up the gaps still left. Without leisure to read Greek medical works again for this one purpose, I suggest at random v. 40 uAyewi-, v. 43 dvirviai (Herzog), and v. 43 ;/^w/j>;s. But I hope that
this restoration
is
Appendix
viii.
(The Dream)
Herodes, who is at no point in contact with life except where it touches letters, gives us plenty of It is a feast clues for the identification of the scene. to Dionysus at midwinter where a game of leaping on a bladder is played. At all points this tallies with the country festivals of Dionysus in Attica and no other festival of this sort is known in Greek 183
;
HERODES
Herodes appears to be defending himself against a criticism of Callimachus in his iambi that the modern -writers of lame iambi did not use the metres of Hipponax. Herodes replies vnih a poem Ephesian metre at least as in which he uses the accurately as Callimachus. Resolved feet are rare (only one except in the first foot) and there are no verses ending in four long syllables. Herodes professes to have attended the festival, won the prize and contested afterwards with an old man. The old man is Hipponax and other punning prophecies are made. Callimachus appears to have known of Herodes' work presumably becaixse the first seven mimes were current earlier. It may be remarked that Phoenix' verses also show changes of this type. His moralist poem follows his other two poems avoid the licence of Ananius the four long syllables at the end of the verse and to the (oriental) Ninos he gives frequent use of the resolved syllable, following Aeschylus in the Persae. The idea that the speaker is a Avoman (Terzaghi, Vogliami) has been mercilessly refuted in re\dews by Herzog and by the present writer. In vv. 27 and 47 I have chosen illustrative supplements to show on how shadowy a foundation the idea rests. Many will prefer my earlier version of 47, especially as the skin at the county Dionysiaca was not fully blown up. In 45 B' eh seems possible. There is no reason to suppose that I was right (in C.E.) in making a story out of vv. 20 sqq. The whole thing is quite normal and to Xw-os covers all
letters.
'
'
need for details. Herodes merely dreamed he was going to a country Dionysia and chooses to paint the
184
APPENDIX V
dress
details like a scholiast. How far the quarrel with the old man is a new incident, or part of the normal ritual, is uncertain. At least, there is nothing in it to conflict with theories of vegetation festivals so familiar to us from the Golden Bough. If this be so, we must explain on normal principles The priest of Dionysus {yv. 26 sqq.) for such dreams. both is (v. 68), and must be referred to, the god whose Artemidorus is quite definite on the priest he is. point at issue (ii. 30 o'lov K av viroXcifirj rts Oeov lepev'; eti'at, toiovtov ai'jTw koc to ayaOov dTrofSyjaerai Conversely id. i] diro TOLovTMv dvSpMv i} ynvaLKwi'.
famiUar
iii.
13).
god of all Herodes next to Hipponax among all those who have used his metre. There indeed that Muses were present is no evidence Herodes especially uses an odd and forced expression
say, Dionysus, the
dramatic
evOeo'i (d.
Muses
(v.
71).
185
CERCIDAS
MELIAMBS, FRAGMENTS, AND CERCIDEA
INTRODUCTION
The papyrus
of Cercidas
is
in the British
Museum,
(A. S. Hunt, P. Oxy. viii. 1082). Latest edition in Coll. Alex. (J. U. Powell), p. 203. See also Diehl, Anthologia Lyrica, iii. 305. For recent work on the papyrus see articles by the present writer in C.R. xxxviii-xxxix. There are still a large number of small isolated fragments but there is no reason to believe that they were all once contiguous (Hunt). The general character of
editio princeps
Arnim.
Maas and von For references to periodicals see Milne Catalogue 59, p. 45 (where read 1138 for 1158).
189
col.
]e
yap
o[.]^ev.s'
.
elbejjiev
err
]i'erot[.
]a./>a(p')[.
.]
. .
aS'
elXaTn-
^']Xvvo{ro)L(o-)v-
7T-qpi]{S)as aA[
]^^v['
]p Tov XafjL^a[v
]/Xl
TOVTO'
(y)[
]crii'TeAt?
](f)pL
t[
] ]
]
Kal y(a)[
Ae)/o[
JcDj
P'^)
10
]eA^e- (Sa;).[
](v)ecruju,[.
.
.]7jva'
/catT[
]
12
](o)/it^[.
.]vTevcTr][
]^[
]ap
pLOL
To[
[
] ]
15
Jtcov a(uTa)v
a Xa^ov\aa
] ]
JZey?
/cotpav[
Col. certain
lines.
1. The placing of ^ev is doubtful: nor can we be i. how many letters are missing at the beginning of the
fidefj.ev
P.
3. \evvo{T)oi(o]v
t{o}l
P (marked
:
as (part
{cr)
of)
one word).
not
ret
(Lobel, Bell)
me
190
Col.
but
little in
feasting
. .
how
18
?
If
Zeus be master
Never
iudice,
ftur result
we
see
(possible)
8.
T.TovToF.
P.
16. so P.
rji'a-
191
CERCIDAS
col.
ii
Ka[
o'X(^)[
Ti(AA)
yl^P o aA]Aa
TO-ivl r^ 6v[
1^^
]{y)(^s
]
Katrl
/^^e[
77tS[
5
]^
>
fr. 9
]7]
7ToAto[
? 7 ? ?
]iva/<oAa[
8 9
JAeCOV 7TVKtv[
];^ou(7t
ojt'/cert
y^ipq- S[
?
? ?
10
11
7Tav0
cl[
](Ta7r.[
12
12 13 14
?
marg.
(nr'\avio\pi6,8a '
]ros
]\-at (T'jriipot oi
wvpoi
Col.
Tifi/).
ii.
1.
>faP(e.^.
10. (?)
K-aXoi').
3,4. itaP.
3. superscr.
]xov
(Xiynpol
H.
12. schol.
suppl.
Wilamowitz.
Perhaps we have
ends of some
192
MELIAMB
Col.
ii
(?)
Fragment 7
(?
25fr. H.
see
crit. n.).
So it appears to me that our ' pot friend Ulpian, as Cei'cidas of Megalopolis says, watches his fellow guests to see if they have overlooked a fish-bone or lumpy piece of gristle in their food before them (Athenaeus).
'
my
'
'
verses (about 12-14) (5i'cr)7ra\eiTrwt.[/(0^<"' iv9aj{Ki)s Ka0L^e{: also below this and just above K.X.fr. 25 aX]f X)oi's aKa[/]u TraXi {/]aao(ri. ..]/... (KeXev). This fragment suggests a loose citation in Ath. viii. 347 e ovtu /.loi ooKec nal 6 Xe/STjroxapwi' Oii\Triav6s, Kara top e/xbv MeyaXoTroXiTf]!' KepKiSav, ( ) Tripetv (. .) Tot's eadlovTas el irapeidoi' fi"AKAvdav f) tQ)v rpayavuiv <"> [rj] xo''Spu;5es twi' Traparedei/Tcov, which agrees well enough with the margination just above it. In this case fr. 26 probably belongs elsewhere, since it is hard to bring this in line with the notes. (X)oi's a^a [. .) would be 14 fin, (\-eXetO [. . .] 17 fin., Mf'xP' 18 fin., yep7rf[ 20 fin., KaiViic 22 fin., and Xapov 23 fin. It is not possible to read (nr]{v)pi5ia in fr. 32 nor to place it by the lowest note.
.
193
CEROID AS
II
M^'xpt
.'
yep7re[
col.
ii.
ei?
[.
.]/c'
aurajt"
fin.
o]X^o9vXaKov
col.
iii.
Xapov
I
re Kat aKpaanova
9rJKe TTvr]r{vXih)av
dpyupov <r6v
<et? ai'ov'aTa>
/ca[t]
>
peovra;
|
Tt TO kojXvov -qs
CT^
at Ti<?>
epo[i]TO,
deoj
(peta
yap cutl
Trdv e/CTeAecr<'CT>at
XPVH''
"^
t[6]i^
10
Tas crvonXovTocrvvas
ante
cf.
1.
?
a]/3pi5ta,
7' epwe.,
(eptSta H.).
1.
elabK
ixexpi-
have
setting.
supra. 2. raybv {e.g.). Up to this point not attempted to place the words in metrical Between ytp-n-f and eiaoK might be two three
MELIAMB
II
II.
1-14
Chose out that greedy Cormorant, of wealthy purse, And child of licentiousness, Xeno, Turn him to poverty's child. And gave unto us <\vho deserve it>
Rivers of silver that
now
?
Are wasted on
profitless uses
to prevent
Whate'er he fancy, Sure execution to find 10 If one be the ruin of money. Pouring out whate'er he has.
10
Or usurer dross-stain-begrimed, Ready to perish for gold. That God should drain him,
Void of
^
verses (or half-vcrses). (The numeration at the side is that of J. U. Powell, Coll. Alex. ; the vertical lines mark the lines of the ed. pr.) On Zivwva is a note aKparr^s [6 Z^rw Kai dwo]/yuwaT6s tls Kal (7r)i(K')p6s (supplevi post Hunt), and on ii fin. d(Tr6)\aio(i') (?). 5. ^evui'a' 3. d.Kpaaiciii'a P. norayayf 5' P. 7. epoiro' P. cr om. P: correxit H. ai ex fi P. sqq. T8av, trav P. 8. reXeffai P : corr. A(rnim). 9. /a' ok. P. 13. for e.g. iirl vovv ok tri A.
tQiv
in
t'ov
with M(aas).
-avvoLaSoixcvo
irXeOpou
but
o\dcoi>
14.
P.
2 A
]p5
CERCIDAS
bofjiev
S'
eTTLTaBeoTpajKra
\
15
KOLVOKpaTrjpoaKV(f)co
TOLV
oAAu/xeVav SaTrdvvXXav;
\
/x7]7TO </<:>'
6(f)6aXiJi6s
20
(Ac)at
QepLLS
a XiTrapd
|
KaraxXvcoraL ;
7TCOS
TOL pnqr
aKovav
|
col. iv.
67Ta<s> rreTTajxevoL; /cat /xar TO TaXavTov 6 aepLVog durepoTTayeperag jxeaaov r' <d>v "OXvpLirov [
{p)pdov[l
I
25
t]
pemrjv,
orav
aiaLfjiov
d/xap,
\
30
dvSpdaL Ku8aXip.0Lg trjvJ TTcJjs ovv ijjLLV ov TTOTepei/jev opdog ibv t,vyoardras ,
\
rd
35
17. 5a-
15. -rpw\ra''
(and so often) P.
18. /xrjwoT P.
16.
0w
P.
vavvWav P.
TVTTOvs
(ita
ivi
fJ-i^v)
Mn.).
6<pda\iJ.<2
(paeduiv,
21.
TOt
ttcos
P.
schol. schol.
eireaKOTLa^T^ai.
23. oirav P.
22. ovroifj-ri P, but oi-i'oiu') in margin. 25. Delirant Powell, Wilamowitz, alii
196
MELIAMB
15
II.
15-35
15
give to one frugally feeding, Dipping cup at common bowl, The cash that is wasted on trifles ? Is the eye of Justice then Beshrunk that a mole might outsee her Phaethon, too, doth he squint
And
20
doth a mist
them
for
How
can
man
hold
gods
That neither hearken. Nor have any eyes to see ? Yet say they the gath'rer of lightning Mighty monarch holds the scales Aloft in the midst of Olympus, Nodding not a moment's space. E'en so doth Homer ^
Set in his Iliad down fate to the mighty of valour Sinks the balance of the day.' Why then doth the balancer even Never unto me incline ? But Brygians,^ farthest of mortals, Clearer words I dare not say
:
25
'
By
30
35
72.
correxi.
I
tov
missing:
:
suggest metri gratia avopOol glossed ava to opOov f^ef. -etc A. \r,v\ del. A. 30-31. peTretS P H.
fuit
verborum
:
G. Murray
33. e/xf" is corrected into t/j.Lv in P. P, while effxtird has an accent on e cancelled 35. d^o/xai P. given in the margin.
34. (ppvyia
:
the truth
is
197
CERCIDAS
oaov [Karajyet to
Trap'
.
\
ay rots'
eV
TLvas ovpaviSas
I
KLUjv dvevpoi
TTcbs
40
\
06
6 \\povLhas, 6 (f>VTvaas
6.p.k
TTa.vra's
/cat
reKcjv,
|
45
ov<Se> ev
dp,lv Se
eXiTop.
^XW
Tlaidv
deos
Kal
fxecrcf)^
ydp avra
Ne/xeo'ts'
Kara {y)dv;
|
ovv 6 Sat/xav
(f)uaideL
ovpia
TLp.<rj>Te
col. V.
(f)d){T)[f}
'
ravrav
i(Xa)[
50
Ka^ral^
dvTe{7T)[
36= supplevi.
39. evprj- P. 43. narpioos 37. suppl.
40. cited
TTiio-X
H.
stop after
41. 68 P.
Poll.
7r\a[. .]iyyLoi'.
P.
43. afie P,
iii.
P:
from Cercidas by
27 as less
198
MELIAMB
How
II.
36 52
far they pull down in their favour Zeus' scales of equity What lords them that lord it above us, Whom then of Uranos' sons May any seeking Merit's retribution find, When the offspring of Kronos, our parent Who begat us one and all,
!
40
Some men
as father.
?
Let us refer
it
to
them
45
To us
fair-dealing
is
good
:
very goddess
What time
too, upon earth the godhead Blows in our favour astern, Hold her in honour, Mortals though bravely they fare,
:
Nemesis
50
airt
Sinks to perdition
correct than
is
7ri7rdTcop.
44. \woi' P.
aa-TpoXoyois.
V
glossed
in
margin by
exeii/' afiiv
Wilam.
Wilam. whence
it
appears that
:
^ai ^lerdSws
ing. 48. {y)au' P. 50. suppl. H. 51. Jraf^' supplevi et correxi pessime H., cett. iJi^]T(^^ai'Ts. 52. avT{. it) vel (. 7) non fuit (ec) Cf. e.g. Theod. Presb. de incarn. Dom. p. 245 ^vda Kai erepas Karaiyioos avTnri'vcrdar]s.
: .
199
CERCIDAS
]arjTOv 6X[^ov
]Ti;xa(?)-
raur'
e[.
.^fxiv
55
veiodev i^efieaai,;
53. suppl.
H.
i'/Mf
. .
50-55.
.
translate iXawoix^vus
aWos
Karat^
TavT
^ffd'
6s
The
III
Aoid
Tt?
dfjiiv
(f)a
\
yvaOoLCTL (f)varjv
Tov KvavoTTrepvyov
TTtttS'
^A(j)po8Lras,
I
ouTo(s')
(iv)
drpefiia
\
marked by a
]: doia.Tiad/j.i.i'
coronis.
It
bears no
title.
schol. 5oi[a
P.
3. AafMovo/x''
and
d,wv6rjs'
P.
4.
^poTwv
200
MELIAMB
And who
II.
53-III. 7
:
Puffed-up wealth or fortunes proud can youward Vomit them back from the deep ?
55
uncertain. The meaning of the end is hard to fit: the nautical metaphor is clear from the schol., and the use of On 56 there is a marginal e^euew in Hom. /x 237, 437. 54. ri'xas' V. 55. ravr P. note eK I3a0{e(j})[u.
is
Ill
Thou,
'
O Damonomus, art Not ill instructed Twain are the blasts we are That Aphrodite's
:
'
told
'
His jaw hath breathed, Tranquil the sea of love, Whereon that mortal
with f cancelled supplevi et correxi. There is no need (apart from metre) to assume gaps at either point possibly
: :
<07-<f)>.
[or(4j]
Hunt.
201
CERCIDAS
7Ti6oV? KV^epvfj'
I
rots'
Se Tav apiarepav
eTropar]
|
Xvaag
Aat'AaTias"
rj
Aa/iupas"
|
10
TTodcuv de'AAa?,
KvpcaTLas hioXov TOVTOLS 6 7TOp6piO' v Xeyojv EyptTT-tSa?" toj) Kappov ovv iuTLV Sy' ovTcov t iKXey<r]>v Tov ovpiov ajXLV d-qrav
\
/cat
/Ltera
aco(f)poavvas
\
15
o'laKt
TreiOovs
XP<Jjp.evov vdv7TXo<rj>v
OK
col.
f^
Kara
\\V7TpLV O TTOpUfXOS'
u
....
.]ctT60
j3t[
,
18
18
fr.lS
.].KV^epv[
.Jctcu
.]v
/xet'
S6^a[ dAA[
'I/<rdp6L)[
. .
.
/r.53
... -Kav
]0
\vofx[
7Tl[
19
|8aTr[
]/cat t[.
.^.(.
.
.
20
(
.
21
.)...(T).(p>|et.[
.]
d](TTpa(7r)[.
(a)[.
.](7r)Aoo?'
(K)at TTpoKodjfjXvfjLavfes;]
202
MELIAMB
Ruddered by
III.
8-2t
discipline
calm
His ship directeth. But 'gainst whomsoe'er the boy, His left jaw loosing, Rouseth the storms or the fierce Typhoons of passion, These have their voyages fraught
Nobly
Icarus
For
all
Lightning besetting his course that is violent, wicked. Mad in pursuit of its mate,
and
8.
23
7. arpefiia
P,
Tr/ySaXiw
and
Kv^epvri' P.
9. 12.
opcrr;
quae exempla
TTiSas'
siifficiant.
10. aeXXas P.
ei'pt-
ovKovv 8v ovTuv Kappov iarlv Ik\. recte Maas. 14. a/j-iuaTiTav' Kai P. 16. evOinrXofii' okt] P. 17. Kopdp.o^. P. schol. d(ppooi(Tioi. col. vi. fr. 13 hue certe referendum dubites de columnae lineis. conieceram vo/j. aw/dair v/kuI tok' av'iKa sed refragantur vestigia tti/ttX. 'iK&pw bene Powell. 21. e.(i. roKa Trpos raina pTj^elv. ij^et P. 22. a-Tpa-rr. P. ? -o^Xtjtus. 23. supplevi. 24. Trpo-
P.
Kod-nX.
A.
203
CERCIDAS
<j>epL
TOva^XaijiLTeXeiav
25
{K)ai jxerajxeXXxohuvav
a S
/cat
e^ dyopdg 'A^poScVa,
TO
/x7y[8e]i/o?
/xeA<7j>v
30
T[ui']Sapeoio 8oK:et
ya/x^(p).[
'T-qjxev
ya.
KO
ya
(Stob. Fl. Iviii. 10 TrepiT/o-i'X'as: KepKioa /xeXid/ji^uv {ijfjud/x^u}!/ codd. corr. Meineke) <r>6 tSs piKvas x^^wi'as tatM'''iM<'e5 (em. Meineke)' oIkos -^,0.0 dpiaros kt\. vid. inf.)
:
and dwav a P, 28. suppl. H. 29. /P. 30. ro.paxo-' P. 31. Ka.TaK\ivas' P. (There are faint traces of scholia against vv. 22, 23, 30, 31.)
25. Xetay"
^-aX77cr5
17
32. yafi^peffTar
KO
rjfjLsv
potius
quam
fr. 7
yafi^pbs TO<,Ky
33. rei
p-fV VV p.
si
hue pertineret
quod
204
MELIAMB
And
III.
25-S6
^
:
25
ruin ^ far-spread in the end But Venus that paces the market In repletion of desire Demanding no thought or attention Here is no fear and no care One obol will win you a mistress, Son-in-law fancy yourself
:
30
To Tyndarus (favoured 'mong suitors) (Yet remains one more advice) <Remember always
:
What
'
the wrinkled tortoise said my good masters. Truly, of all things, is home.'>
:
rauajiX.
and
ytterayUf XX.
appear easiest
The
may
jilex.
compounds. would have to be connected with /uLeTa/xeXtw, which be compared with, but not excused by, e.g. Nicand.
v ^'lov 6\orj
x f ^ '^
''
p.^\os
proposui yafjLi-ipe^ (nam p vix ant ne vix quidem possibile) metri et spatiorum gratia potest e.g. yauj3p(6)[s xapt]f<r[TaTd] r' fjixev \To\Ta.'; p[^LKvas'\ya.\^p5r] x^'X'^^o-^ l^vafj.6v~\tv{e)' oIkos yap [Apia-To^ d\ad(ojs] Kal (piXos, [?]pf[v.^ ]. Certe hie poema finem habet sub Kai(pi\os spatium e.g. ihfSpe? ^(pa.
. .
205
CERCIDAS
IV
col. vii.
aJKLs
B/xadels
eVAa^e Kavdcos.
TLV S
ajxdXaKTOv eaco
\
arepvojv Kal
olvl\
TTLpi\oGapKO(f)a.ycov
TTOLuag ixeXehojvas. trott tIv Ste^euyetvT KaXoiv
tS'
vtto
aTrlX^^dyXyoig reots'+tt
(d)j8/3(a)
eaK
\
^\ovu<d>v KvwSaXa6^
UiepiSajv
dA[i]eu/cat
|
rdg
CTrXeo,
dvfxe,
Ix^-
10
(ei;T)ds'
'
dptcr(T)[o]s".
copevvr' i(6).
(v)-
Kai
TL jxareveL
\
metre uncertain. Above at top of column a schol. In this poem ]nvov. The writer appears to address himself. the metrical divisions do not appear to correspond, as they
do elsewhere,
to sense divisions.
3.
1. e.(/.
^^
P
:
fivpidKis.
2. K\ai^e Kapdovs P.
{a)'Tr'{pai'Tov)
:
tiv P.
afjApafTov
superscr.
els)
.
margin 'a/xa\aKT0V
4. effKCf {^v
.
Powell
dubito.
'irlfjie\bcrapKO(payQi' Tracas
ccis*
P.
206
MELIAMB
iV
IV. 1-1
Many
a time
Man
Thou hadst a heart in thy breast Unsoftened and unTanied ever in fighting
'Gainst
all
Which
Nothing on earth that was fair Escaped you but ever you kept Within your bosom
:
And
keenest tracker.
But now that there gleam on my head White hairs but a few at the edge Around encircling
Still
tlv
Wilam.
toi
delen-
dum.
ovMviroKa' iravTa reoicnv {v Cancelled) bviroaw P. 9. 7re(cancelled)6fpioa;j' P. 8. Moua-wv P. 'i/vv P. 11. t 12. -upevvrai P, e.g. T e.g. 6Ka t. S-ixLv. d^-a^^(f)(^) is false (?) Doricism for 7)Ka\eip('j). ;ci'a[/.]oc short syllable is missing: e.(/. Vi. Xax^cn P. y&{f)ioi' H. suppl. H.
KoKov,
7.
. .
207
CERCIDAS
Kpdyvov
<Xoiov>
<Ta>>
[d]At/<tatat
KoXaKvei<v>
t'
15
-x^poi'oj
eTrd^Lov
SepKOjjLeva ^Lords
vpvp
(ttotI)
(Te)pp,aTos ov8-
ov
14.
KCLi
Tdp.og iaXdg
I
P (non
super.scr. (above iKp)ayvor) .(r)[.]. translate. 15 is devoid of metre runs XPf- Ko\aKevei. It seems necessary half iambus correspond to a/3pa M. k.
Kai).
I
which
'''
IV(?)
(a) col
.
v-iii
(6)
/r 59 +
.
1 1
+ 39
(c) col.
ix
]tcd pevae'iL
y[
rO.[
TOUTaj[
]or[
evTtj}
]0VfJ.
atK
dxo.pi.iy)
fttP',
5
I
]ois"
.[.
.]^e(i)[
(o)[
.[
TToAAafp"]
8[e
/xe^a
a6]((f))oLS'
d Se
(7T)y[
(a) 1. e.^.
/lie;'
So/ioy
: .
suppl.
.
In
H. margin
opposite V. 9 (Ki'ti^aXa): aypevfiara 'c(ai) evepyqfiaTa ('objects of chase,' i.f. activities), opp. 14: i][{\LKiav) (p. /j.aTev[i]v clp^tI rou) (t [ovTOis] r;o[e]'<T)P[at ^] /xe\^elI/;[ Age,' he Saj'S, that is, delights in these things or has a care seeks {wp o'op)iof{Ti) [5rj]{\a5i}) [ei's] Tr{o)[\vp for them. Opp. 16 r](6)!' and a much rubbed line: e.g. tov yqpws XP^"""' looking forward to a long span of old age.' I give the be' ' ' : :
'
208
MELIAMB
Seek
IV.
14 IV
?;.
And
Worthy
able to flatter
of
my
riper years
Looking ahead to my Hfe's Broad threshold of eld at its Then from foundation
Fair <
close.
IV(?)
Think not
One cup
Mind doth
see
And mind
doth hearken
:
<Poets have said> can they then Though standing < .> at their doors
. .
9.
oe
irwdavbixfada,
is
kovk
dirdrvWa
(pdns.
The juncture
of
/V.
41 (and 9*j
209
Those
<....
IV
(?).
MELIAMB
<.
.
9 V.
4
>
.>
With mud
On Madness.)
Not
in vain the
:
Pythian
Is so entitled
man
cowardly blight
as
The Cynic regarded Apollo and the Muses (music) with great suspicion as any other patrons of pleasure.
oi'Tcos'
:
/Soaros
e.(f.
ctW
[
.... ^Xdj3av.
]
v^/ufi
gaps
from two
supplevi. too'- P.
2b
211
CERCiDAS
/cajro.
Kaipov
e/cacTro),
{ir)[avra\
del Krj(X)avvTaL
yap
(f>vXa
(a)[
Jra
^pOTWV
10
9
1
(fiev^LTTOvojv
^a.hov\o\7T\X\aKTOJV
d/c 7jp]tos"
/cat /J.[ct]A
7TLaTapivojs
[i5]i/([t]TpayLajSo]s'
13 12
(h\eaiKapTTO<s>
]-rj*
.
.
14
15
(St'
eAeAty/Lta[
]?
eu7ra(A)[a/x
About four lines lost in col. x. and ten in col. xa. next ten lines begin TavTa\yapov\a6e(T\i'aTa(..\To<To.fLK\u
Ta(XL\riffKai{v)oii}K.\TrfVLa TroTi(p\Ti.fj.oTd.T(ji 5e7r|7r[.
.]
The
(pi'Xos
(a yipo[.
There
the
is lost.
5.
6. deiKriXav 9.
dtovra.
7.
supplevi.
(pv\aL
10. suppl.
^^Ham.
supplevi
e.g. et transtuli.
VI
col. xi.
aiojXoTTwXovl
^OVaOCO
I
flVCDTT
ar;
|
2
I |
17T7TOV
;!^pe
3
fin.
suppl. H. et 3 supplevi.
1.
2.
3.
(Tocj
fin.
suppl. supplevi.
:
Wiiam.
212
MELIAMB
V.
5^1.
Alike unto each in their season. See how smoothly all things glide. For those that hearken, Races that live in the shade
Avoiding
turnaoil,
Men by
The
The spear-spurning
lofty-tragic.
correxi.
15. <?ii"a-a\e'aj'P:
13, 12. wiraa(aaea) xX. [i']'/' P-Kapirov 14. v seclusi. (jKiod., -ifj.wpos, -o.ktwv, x^i-^^yo-s, ttI. 16. xi'Oai'
.
mightjust be read:
. .
not avodv.
evTrdXafj.6s re
Xvpa.
schol.
18. wt'
eXf\ P.
19. suppl,
Maas.
VI
What
driver of
Goad
!213
CERCIDAS
1
ayadco
Tovr
evdvSiKco [SeAJeacrrd,
77[.](ct)[.]ctTI
Srcot/ce KaAAtjLte'Sojv
TTOVTjpa
/cat
J^eVa*
[at rt
H^atpo) yap
]{7T)po^dXrj5
10
/cat
Tt
aperav
]8e?
t;^r'ei;ets'
]
dA[Aa rov
<f)povT^
et?
OTTcopav
15
[..;..;
[
;]
aAA>
[ 5.
tS and
5w;''
P.
aloXoTruXov
v^
w/uo-
VI(?)
col. xii.
(e.jg.
]r]dpa
.]
20) (T/ca>7TTiAA(to)[.
(A)7j[
au,
|
]tS[i/c]a(S',
(d/cA)-)]
.
^Aa^av"
(e.g.
25)
.]eTp[.
.J/xo^Aua/c^rt
Schmidt:
(po^os,
probably from same poem and possibly \-r]poXoy. K. F. W. See appendix. diroaTo/xol H. 1. rjdpaaKwirTiW.o P.
214
>
MELIAMB
<Far be
it
VI. 4. VI
hini.>
(?).
from
This is the action of one, O Stoic Callimedon, seeking To entice the good and just Nay, this is the pathway of villains Trodden by the base and ill
: :
Whoso
to Sphaerus
is
dear,
Or aught
It is
confideth,
Or
lead
7.
TT
superscr.
:
e.g.
raid'
drpaKTOi
siipplevi.
eari.,
8. e.g. kukoTs
TiTpifxfxeva
/xeva
P.
9.
13. supplevi <'._7. 12. supplevi. 11. e.g. Traadys. 14. supplevi: e.g /J.avias. TdTapax<i5es (ita fere Mayer). 17. supplevi. 16. e.g. Kd(Tfl3fi SiSdaKaXoi'.
VI
(?)
Of idle
jestings
Pettifogging lawyers they, Disaster <bringing With their sharp and prickly thorns To babbling of pitiful nonsense <Whetting well their pointed tongue>
2. dv:
P but corrected to circumflex. At; is more probably a 5-6. aKelv tottos (o is certain) gloss. There is a stop after cos. P
:
Kowos.
avTo P.
There
is
not
room
for<t>or/3os.
see Appendix.
215
CERCIDAS
TOTTOS
I
Tj
(f)[6]^og
aVTO
av(jjL)[TTa]
pojv [a]7Toar{o)iji[oL]
rag
(e.g.
Srj
To[t] auras'
[xr]
\
(jKerrroavvas Kev\_a\
30) arrovSav 7TOLCLa6[at
Toi]
I
10
t(d)[AA', at]
(/x)[ou]
GLKOjg apixoaj-ievov,
[(/x)a0'
35) (Kr)at
TLs]
ev rov Ifxepov,
apaevas apa{7])\y
15
e[/3]a;s'
'La{v)<x>VLK6s.
Kcp/ctSa KVVO?
lxe\XiapL^OL
216
MELIAMB
VI
(?).
6-16
Of suchhke
tenets,
Turning on from page to page, But an thou discover a fellow Formed in perfect harmony, To companionship equal of passion Take him, finding what desire Can be for a man of another. And what Zeno's love doth mean,
11. suppl. Wilam. 9-10. Kfva is object of (XTpi(peiv. Slo. {ir)a(Tai' lucide P . {dea)v H. for e'uprfi e.g. d6p7Js, iSrjs. 14-16. sup12. suppl. H. hie quidem dormibundiis. After e\/ce ets Trodov 13. locus desperatus. plevi post H. would be usual. I suggest ttoto.^ ia-ov eis irodov eX/ce ktX. (CR.).
:
217
FRAGMENTS
(All fragments of papyrus of over thirty letters have received some adjuncts and been placed in their columns except those to which I give the name of column xi. {e.g.) and col. viii. 9. The remainder, with one possible exception, appear, as long as they remain separate, of little interest. The following meliambic fragments must be added to those read, or cited, above.)
:
1.
(2
Bgk.
ii.
P.)
aWepc^ooKas, <^ ^> ^a )(<rj>Xos 770t' oSovrag epeiaas /cat TO TTvevpia avvSaKwi^' <Zai^6s' 'y6vos> rj? yd.p dXadeco? tAtoyeVr^S't tZat'os' yop'os't ovpdvtos re kvojv.
StTrAtotei/xaros",
dAA' dv^
irvfvfia
t^
cv^KpaT-qaavTa,
{
ijov
earl Kal
iv
roFs
Kprjs
avTiKpvs)
\tyuv
which
eixf
viprj'Kov
(p7)(riv,
is
aTav\{o)v[ixa)
above
d/c/>i/3]ws
yv{Qi)\yai.
Aioy^v]T]s.
2. (5
Bgk., 15 P.) GeVcraXos 8e d/xa roli eavrou crocpicxTais icp' dpivov Kadrifxevos ev /cpiO/ti!J^<a>iS dvdpdatv, tus 6 KepKiSas fiboKiixTjaei. Galen (x. 406). C. may have written
ev KptofjLv^<a>is
dvSpdaiv evhoKLjxwv
218
FRAGMENTS
1. Others say that he committed suicide by holding his among these is Cercidas of MegalopoHs [or Crete ?], breath who says <plainly ?/ as follows in his Iambi
: :
Not
Famed
he bore,
;
The double-cloaked liver in ether Nay but he rose to the sky By clipping his lips with his grinders,
Thereby biting off his breath Zeus' son was he rightly entitled, Rightly the heavenly dog.' ^
'
2.
But Thessalus
sitting
among
his sophists
on a
lofty
find favour
'mong sheepishly-drivelling ^
folk.
{Oalen.)
^
-
From
-fj.iir]s is
The
the Dog {kvidv) the Cynics took their name. the common form, e.g. Anon. c. Synes. 32 writer like Synes. may have read Cercidas.
fin.
2. (f>opas codd. 3. o 1. 1. yea codd. : corr. Bgk. 4. e.g. <."0\vfiwov'y. x^^^os codd. seclusit A. 5-6. Aio7ei'T7s seclusit et Z. 7. transtulit A.
2.
1.
KpLo/xv^ois
codd.
219
CERCIDAS
3. (1
Bgk., 15 P.)
"qv
(Ath.
ciis
xii.
KaWiTruyoL (KaXovvro
laTOpet Xeycjv (3).)
ii.
^13
is
a mere paraphrase
5*. (10 P.
Ixii.
311.)
-
diqpo7T7TXov ixavias
(Ath. iv. 163 e irpos 8v eirKTreWiov 6 'ZTparbviKOS iKeXevae Tov dwaipovTa to p-qdev airayyeiXai (5).)
{2^ H.)
6.
apae
peOog ^Ae[7r
^]Xo(Tvpop,\jiaT
7.
col.
ii.).
First Greek Anthologist, Cambridge, 1922. inserui (c/. Eur. LA. 73). 5. TreXair^ cod. The metrical agreement of this //. with that of poem iv. is extraordinarybut it should be remembered that the metre Chronois also that of Philoxenus and no doubt others. logical considerations preclude the authorship of Cercidas, unless we suppose that the characters Strat. and Demetrius Aspendius (Trpoj bv) are wTongly given bj' Athenaeus.
4.
5.
my
1-2.
cF<Ta.v
220
FRAGMENTS
'
3-7
3. These girls were called fair-rumped ' by their fellowcitizens as <pseudo-? Cercidas of Megalopolis narrates in his Iambi. Here are his words
:
in Syracuse. {Athenaeus.)
5.
and
Stratoniciis sent a message to Demetrius of Aspendus told the messenger dispatched to deliver his words to the
Pythagorean expert
Whose
portico ever
is
thronged
(These verses
:hat his stj'le and one at least of his metres had previously been applied to kindred topics.)
(5.
(See
n.)
yield
nay rather would he be struck with and finally embrace it. {Synesius.)
(See col.
ii.).
6. 3. Supp. H. ? 6 l3\o(TvpofxfiaTlai. I subjoin this fragment which might belong to our second column in order to call
attention
Regno,
T
K7.i
p.
it
6(pOa\fj,ois
221
APPENDIX
The last column of the papyrus of Cercidas' Meliambi provides several problems of difficulty of some of these I have attempted to provide a solution. But the gravest difficulties lie in the first few lines. Scanty as the remains are, they should be sufficient to guide us as to the general sequence of thought
:
and metre and this they fail to do. Here are the traces as I see them
;
[ [
]7^6^pacr[ ]
KcoTTTtAA. .ai}-(A.7y)[
.
]iS[
]^'^-[?;</)[. ]
]w5
f3\a(3ai'{aKX)i]
]/jiO(/)A(i')aKer(p')
. .
.
TOTTOS
{f3)o(TavTocrv(fjb)[
/joji'[.]7rocrT(o)/x [.]
ras
S;^to[.]
ktX.
join Kw.
may or may not av.Xri or 2. parts of two letters below -qdpa (v.) visible. v{jj.) or only. for ot after (p. 3. (5) 4. t6vos certain.
1.
ai'
by correction from
arj.rjOpas
no room
Hunt read v. 4. T07r(o)s t) <^o/So?. As to the second of TOTTos his doubts are to me unintelligible. The fragment fits close up not as in the facsimile and o is as certain as any letter in the papyrus (and that Further Hunt, disis a high order of certainty). regarding I'TTo (TTOfxa which we know now to be metrically false, rightly read dTrofXTo/xoi. It may safely be predicted of the metre of this
o
222
APPENDIX
(especially if frr. 5 and 6 belong to it) that follows the common metre of Cercidas, that is
poem
it
wi
[oi-
-^-^-^-'-^
+B\or ^-v^-^^
Whether
Now
At
this is the whole law we do not know. these verses flagrantly transgress this rule. aTTocTTo/xot we are in A^ and at ras 81) {a)vfx.
.
TOLavra'i in B^.
Hence
at totto?
->')
<^o/ios avT6(<;)
we
But immediately
/xo0AiaK7/i' is also
before" this
ixocfiX.
or T
tS ojs metre and sense in ftkafSar is clearly the end of A^ or A^ and beginning of B^ or B^ Line 1 is hopeless. Of this phenomenon (the complete disappearance of two As running) there can be three solutions
. . :
cola
for Cercidas
(a)
One
by
:
is
really B.
texts
tions)
(a)
((3)
Reading
-o
7r((o)?
is
impossible,
(y)
Followed by 7] 'I'ot/iios this is impossible. By the metre -^tfiXvaKeh' to ttws this is imheard of.
:
But why should these (6) Extensive lacunae. lacunae be so regular ? (c) The only theory which seems conceivable is that the Meliambi of Cercidas in the papyrus from that a square which this is copied ended the roll and that the writer simply piece was torn out missed the letters which he did not see. It is a simple calculation that a gap averaging ten syllables
: :
223
CERCIDAS
If the for all difficulties after line 1 there are an adscript, there is a certain improbability, since, ex hypothesi, the parent papjTus had no adscripts here. They would have either to due to the be text or an adscript (A)[i7rt .] actual scribe. Clearly we must consider on independent grounds of language whether the \iew (a) with its corrections of text is more or less probable than (c). We have since tm and even to [t can well follow to choose -qjXvaKeli betw'een (c) t]o os rj ^o/3os aiVo (for H.'s avTos is meaningless) o-vij.[ Jojv a ocr-o/xot, and (a) 4'oi^os avru^ vji [o]pwi' a-., always remembering that the papyrus in no way favours this reading. Now to (a) there are three further several objec.
would account
letters 'A?/
-(]
tions.
person
appears that here as in frr. 5 and 6 only one addressed (/. 9 e'P;'/s)- Probably H. was right in reading -ottcr6'[o.i in 7. (ii) Plioebus is never spoken of, as far as I know, as blunting anything or anybody. (iii) ajjiov is wholly pointless.
(i)
It
is
To (c) I can only see one reason why it should fail here of general acceptance. That is that it falls in hne with a commonplace figure in Greek poetry which has no exact counterpart in modern languages. I will take the words singly.
(i)
-oi
']
</)d/3o^-.
e.g.
Jr. 418 AiV?; (so often) (f)6ftos (^povrt's, Calhm.yr. Anon. 176 alow<i k(u oeo? dAAz/Awr, (fjoftoi Kal -oiot, Plat. Legg. 635 c, Plut. M. 128 c (so that
far
Menand.
you can go as
ei'
back as
k]o-os), Plat.
Symp. 197
d,
Aoyw.
224
APPENDIX
In certain wTiters, especially Plutarch, (n/ATr. means little more Compare Rep. Lac. 2. 2 than uvvdvai (Thes. s.v.).
(ii)
(^o/3o (TVjiTTopMv.
Xenophon and
(oixre
avai,
Cyrop.
viii.
7.
7
'
4>^(ios
fxoi
a-v/xTrapoimprMi'.
an ever-haunting fear and probably reverence.' For the Greek the sense is nearer (Tvvioy we use some wholly different metaphor such If kJottos be right we should think as ingrained.'
But
this is of
'
of
Phil.
ay
KOTTos
fi
'
iii.
</)o/3s
30
oi'Se
vtv
^just
as in
Conold age at (jypeves avra/x/^Ai'vovTat Hdt. iii. 134. versely courage sharpens so expressly Christodor. Ecphr. 295 ddpcrei ToXpijevTi TiOip/jx^vo'i. (iv) What is blunted ? Clearly anything that has
:
(TTOjxuxTei'i
yi'ddoi
ibid.
oSovres
dv v^i'XdXov
vi.
^irep-l
yXwaaa
Ttr'
cTTt
uko'.'us
Atytyjas,
Anon. Adesp. 423 yAwcro-ai' ryKony/xero?. (e) Aoyot: Lucian, ii. 517, Aesch. P.F. 327. (/) (fjpeves Eur. Hipp. 689. see Index s.vv. d/coi-ai', 61'iya.v. (,) '/'i'X>/'': Xen.
:
CERCIDAS
or words spoken are most commonly sharpened whether by courage or anger. But we are seeking a neuter noun (arro) and the choice hes between X'rjfxa Eur. Or. 1625, or, what seems more suitable,
(TTOjia
:
Soph. O.C. 79J? TO (Tuv o-ro/xa TroXX-i]v i-^mv a-Tonoia-iv Track. 1176 /^vy Vt/xeii'ai tovjjxiv o^iii/ai (r-6[ia.
.
. .
(v)
or tongue
Though
this exact
<ji6[iov
rou yXiZa-crav
a</)wvot
:
o-'y?/
Trrvy^eiai'
questioned whether Sappho's texts (p. 16 Lobel) had not once aAAa Kafx fj.lv yA(7jo-o-<a tre^>ayet by error for rWo-e if such be possible in Aeolic.^ So interlinked are the ideas of fear, silence, confidence and loquacity.^ A case has, I hope, been made out for a lacuna the in-/xoc^AuaKvyv To [ctto// koIttos 7^ cfiofSos tervening words being e.g. ? reOayfj.evotis y ; For the rest we can hope for little. But /iAa/3av (ulkX)}] strikes no obvious note and it might be considered whether A?; is not part of the same verse as -^AvaKvyi' {^-g- Xi'jpij/j.a 81 t pia jj.o<jiXv().Krjv with Kt](va)t6[iK]w5 above), and whether (Ik- does not belong to ftXafiii.v. Certainly u.k- sharp gives us a wide field of choice, with dK/xd, dKovd (Find, ll.cc), ukl-, or even dK/j.wv P. i. 86 aifevSel 6e irpos ukjxovl ^aAKcre yAwo-crai'. But I prefer aKoia- in view of those two difficult sayings of Aeschylus
it
:
whence
may be
is
not only
found
^
E.M.
...
17
/j-ev
yap
^paxidTTjv airepyd^erai
ti]v (puvr}v.
Ach. Tat.
25.
226
APPENDIX
Ag. 1537 Alko.
TTpos
S'
Itt'
aA.Ao rrpayixa
Orjydi'aLCTL
^/yyerat fSXa/Sr]^
aAAats
Moipa,
(nrXdy\v(i>v
6rjydva<s,
f3Xd/3ai
where, however you read or explain, it seems to me some subtle and lost connexion between fSXdftij and diiydvi] hes as if, for instance, ftXdpq could bear As the sense of a good or true sharpening surface to the first Hnes of the column in Cercidas palaeographical difficulties are so grave that it seems idle to make suggestions on metrical grounds it would be
that
:
But and au desirable to separate (o-)K(07rTtAA . K(at o)7rTtAA^v^ also gives sense and, if the theory of a considerable gap is right, it is useless to attempt precision.
. . . .
2 c
227
CERCIDEA
following verses appear to be continuous and to have been attributed to Cereidas at least as early as the end of the fourth centur}" a.d. The eN^dence is produced and considered in a work by the present MTiter (The First Greek Afithologist, Cambridge, 1922). They clearly formed the beginning of an Anthology. But it is difficult to beheve they actually were by Cereidas, though the anthology may have been due to his efforts. The chief discrepancy hes not so much in style, as Mr. W. E. Barber thinks, but in metre. For style may easily be assumed but, once
a metrist as skilful as the ^^Titer of the Meliamhi, always a metrist. Not that the metre is irregular (see on Phoenix fr. 4). It is the norm of the morahst, admitting the spondee freely in the fifth foot, and But the adaptation of rigidly limiting resolution. sense to metre is careless and clumsy. As I find it impossible to represent such metrical shortcomings,
I
The
Such an unfavourable verdict could not fairly be given on e\idence of the text of the two English pap}Ti ^ which is very unsound but what remains of the Heidelberg ^ papyrus is excellent. On this
:
^ 2
gr. class,
f,
(p).
228
CERCIDEA
magnificent^ work was done by Dr. G. A, Gerhard of Heidelberg (Phoinix von Kolophoji, Teubner, 1909) full illustrations being given of the moral ideas underlying these hnes of doggerel verse. Dr. Gerhard's work is also of great bibhographical value for other chohambic wi-iters but it loses to some extent by a failure to recognize essential metrical differences, and by a theory that the metre was used especially by moi-alist writers (see on Phoenix). Recently I have visited Heidelberg and with the subsequent aid of Prof. F. Bilabel solved one or two doubtful points. Professor Bilabel has also very kindly examined many doubtful passages. Where he has confirmed my reading I use the symbol (K.-Bi.) where he has detected flaws and helped with sketches to the establishment of a new reading, I use the symbol (Bi.-K.). Where the suggestion is due entirely to him, it is so accredited. Later leaves of our anthologist may be found at Strassbourg {Wiss.Ges. Pap. 304-7: see Phoenix, /r. 4).
: :
Dr. Gerhard, however, was not a skilled palaeographer. several errors one may especially mention his failure to allow for the form of t used by the scribe. The text of the London papyrus is almost entirely due to Milne, assisted, or hindered, by the present writer.
^
Among
229
CERCIDEA
\(oudjls OV
j(tj
avd^ipjo'jTTOLS
Kia.r)eL6{e).y
....
dj{v)dpa)7Tcov
]aa(s')
J
(8)^
j(7r)o[t7^(/x)a(T)'
]
.
OV
p.a.T\.
.]
aKovovra-
(jtapveawaTTa)] ^\ dvdpojcov
j(:ai8j> .jv KaXrj Kel{rai)
6)(^eipes
OJ jxTT^ep
KvXX
ApTTvlaL
Travros
10
K^v^Lara K7^77iV'7y;^eTat Trds tls i -alpov /cat (Kacn.)yvirjT^ov /c'^atj ojpa ijavrov rrjv rptao\j,tvpr])y ijjvx'^v
ovjiSev)
[.
"J?]
dd[Xaaaa
rj
ixejv
Tret^-q
dv]6poj7TOL: aLV
15
Kephaiv' erajtpe koI depevs K(al) x^tp.covos TrdvTode ,v KepS(aL)v' p.rjhev aLaxvvou
. .
.
a]i8ou* TOVT
1. rjdoz.
oi'etS(t)erTa(t aoi).
fuv
and
and fidTTju.
K^oi'o'
olx^K^v Aiows
iiKT-rrep
Kenvon.
KaTaparai. 2. e.g. 6s kclv oaov and 4. e.g. irpodifMir; fin. supplevi. suppl. G(erhard). 5. supplevi. 6. e.g. eav oiOd|a;, napvc c' a.'s Trap'. i?0' Iv. 8. suppl. Hdl. e.g. avroi e.g. ^-qTova' id. 9. suppl. Cr.
:
230
>
:
CERCIDEA
There is no one who has glanced <for a moment> on the <charactei-> of mankind at present, without <cursing> mankind, and <hating> mankind on whom he has glanced but to you I shall display all <zeal>, since you are no idle listener to poems of <worthy> writers, <if, maybe, I might teach> you, Parnos, that from mankind <Shame has departed> and in no rewhile <men themselves spect is considered fair with <crooked> fingers like Harpies seek from every and each <hunting> for a stone an unholy gain stretch to pillage, dives thither and swims to his prey, <destroying> comrade, brother or wife, but <preserving> his own thrice wretched hfe. <To them> nothing is <sacred> <by such> of mankind the sea all is trodden under foot and the land sailed over win ahke they carry on their lips this saying from gain, my friend, summer and winter alike everywhere win gain have no reverence or shame Unof any man he will merely mock you for it.'
:
:
'
'
11. suppl. Cr. e.g. eKelid. or ei)^i''s. 10. e.g. dL^rjfxeuos 5'. 13. e.g. cri{j'^cov 5' cett. ex P Bodl. 12. e.g. d\\vs. r]6a\\a{(T)a P Bodl. 14. e.g. ovSeu Ipbv (Mn.), and toIs o. (arjdeTv) P Bodl. : corr. 15. e.g. ToioiaLv Mn. corr. id. tovtoto prj P Bodl. 16. e.g. iravres 5e. 17. k7}v id.
Kepovs P Bodl. : Enip. see Sext. 18. airavrbdev Sext. Emp. rightly,
i
See Addenda.
231
CERCIDEA
](r) TTjV X^^P*
OKOV Xa^eZv
(f)6peL
Set rt
20
oKov
X^^P^ ipovai TToAAoi' TToAAd aavTOV aavdi^ov iTTTjV XJI9 Tf TTavra aoi ^iXoiv TrXr^p-q'
TTevrjra 8
oXojs
23 25
ovra XV T^Kovaa
jxiaiqaei'
TrXovTovvTa yap ere x^^ Oeol ^iX-qaovai, iav <Se> pLTj ^XTl^ M''^^^^> ouSe Ki^SeuTaL iyd) fjiev ovv, dlra, /cat Karapcbp^ai rots' vvv ^LOLS Kal Trdvras dv6pd>Trovs fxtoo) Tovs ^cuvra? ovtoj, Kal eri, [xdXXov pnarjaaj,
24 26 27
30 dveaTp6cl)av yap rrjv i,<6>rjv rjpLOW ovrof t^ yap Trdpoidev rjv S' [tt]xp['' M^*' (eo'Ttt' aeixvrj)^
SJi/catOTT^?
dTTLCTTLr]
'Q^^'-'
[,fj-
(e)
taxvKev 7) (dvat8e)ta (t)oiJ [A]tos" piel^ov opKoi redlvrJKa^aUvt- ol d{eo)i 8' (etd)/cacr(tP')* Svayiveia Kpid{C)a Kar avOpcvrrovs 7^
35
TTJs 8' euyej^etTas" d]Xp,up6v K(aT)TrTua(raL) tyi^/xai 8' dv ou[8et](s') o[u]8e ttjv C}rlp)<rj>v ^e'Aott
](e). .{o)vto{s), TTTCDxrjv {iovaa)v r[ fjidXXov 8' eAot(T)[o rrjv ](e)[7r](i) [a](Te)yous" Au8t71' ^^ 41 exojv OTTvUiv {evh)o\y ri\v (f)pr] p^aA/cou?.
.
Ka(l)
ot Ta[_
(iav)
o.
.
Jxr^v
.[
45
fXO.[
at.[
Ka(l).[
OTa[v
60
232
CERCIDEA,
fold your
20-50
;
hand when you are to receive anything but when you are to give have no hand at all,' is what many will say embrace yourself heartily when you have anything then the world is full of friends for you but if you are poor even your mother will hate you. For if you are rich even the gods will love you if you have nothing, not even your relatives will love you.' I then, my comrade, curse the hves men lead now, and hate all mankind who hve thus, and shall hate them even more. For these have overturned our life for justice, holy until now, has departed beyond recall. Faithlessness flourishes, faith <has left the earth> shamelessness has won greater strength than Zeus. The sanctity of oaths has perished, while the gods suffer it. Low birth runs riot among mankind and men spit salt on noble birth. And none now would wed even Hera herself, were she poor, and bereft of all that might profit him rather would he choose to keep in his house as wife a Lydian harlot, if he ^ get brass with her.
' ; :
:
Not
'
(p^p7]Tat.
fin.
perhaps
tiKov
a.vawiT{a)(To]v.
Lond.
\a^ei[
I3odl.
which has the middle portions of 22, 23, 26 in this order. I follow J. U. Powell. 21. suppl. Kenyon. 26. corr. id. 8e om. P Lond. P Bodl. x^s fj-rjoei' o(t7;) absurdly. 27. aireta P corr. J. L.Powell. 29. 1. /caieVi.
:
corr. C. 31. supplevi. fin. (lectio vixdubia) 32. suppl. Mn. 33. e.g. ck ttjs e.ff. del. 771/ 5 Mn. yr/i ^Ppei. 34. suppl. Mn. 1. fxi'^ov. 35. suppl. Mn. (there are vague traces of (;'?;/v-a)). 37. suppl. Mn. /cfar) eirTv<r[. .) P: text Sitzler, dubitante Mn. 38. suppl. Mn. -av P. e.g. 7. 6. 5' hv. ovBe r. "H. ovdeis. 39. (ovaaf K.-Mn. e.g. toO vlv dxpeXriaovTos. 40. suppl. Mn. {dirb). oirvetv P. 41. supplevi: fjv Cr.
30.
fa;?;i'
:
Mn.
23S
CERCIDEA,
<.51.
51-80
well could I have spared, for thee, young swain. of such as for their bellies' sake Creep and intrude and climb into the fold Of other care they little reckoning make
How
Enow
Than
sqq.y
they drag and there is neither kin nor Divine Law friend but ventures all in quest of gain. lias no terrors, nor are they mindful of the goddess of justice but mock at her. I wonder only how one should live among these beasts nay here life is unlivable. All around faithlessness overcomes the cause of spotless faith and all things, perchance, riot on this comfortable and attractive doctrine. Nay, but, by heaven's grace, I know that old rule which is best I am no slave of pleasures or of my belly, but am content with little. What^ civilis
in their souls
One
is
tempted to conjecture
of corruption.
Trprj^w
55.
mark
is
sound
five vv.
73. (K.-Bi.) e.g. 5{v<t^io(.). 74. e.g. TravTaxou Trtcrrews I'lKoi. 75. e.g. dxpa-vTov Sitzler: nullum spatium ante wevia G.-Bi. : (TTp-qvLo. reposui, coll. v. 36. fin. legi rectissime (iudice I^i.). 79. init. e.g. 77, 78, 79. suppl. G. \aLiLi.apyir]s. 80. irp-qov Bi. ad V. 73 refero init. e.g. tI
: :
drjT.
cett. leg.
K.-Bi.
235
CERCIDEA
i8io]{v
y)e
TTOJs
KavhiyX)ov
(Ls
{(jj)s
ovrcog i81
(t)aT(a)[T]at
7r(c6ti/t);
els]
('y)o-p
GTOfj,'
oik[v]
lJLo(v)vov
Xpojvov Toa\ov]Tov [oaaov av] rig eadr) (oTa)v S' dfiLifj7}Ta[i avT](6) Kal r{6)[v
cr]
[ti],
tJkl-
(t)ov
[
].
ot;^eTat 7Td[y-
T](a)/cat
85
rv[.
.
ravra
.].[.].
.e
/cat
erepip)
VTTCp 8e rovTOiv
[/xjt)
Trdrei Xtvcov
eyco /xev
ow,
cS
Il\dp]v, {tojvt
ov-xl ^[lyAcD
dAA' ev ;^aA[(,votS' ][] ^{}J^)o.vr6v d}(s [ ]/3ta[^]o/Mai t[ouyacrrpos KaT{C)a{x)\jJi .].[. Tov 90 TTpos evTXe{La)v t[_o\v [fii^{ov) Ka{d)i(jraa{&)\aC\ Kal fxrjv oT[a]v ye (6^h). [. .] a(7T)v(8)iv [
.
.
xoW"
repirei he
p,'
8(ai)[veLv
ck]
].
dv[6]pa)-
95
]
Xap]^dveLV
^'^
rpoTrlajv] a[l-
].[.](yevo)v
.[
].ovdev
.[.].[
.[
eoTLV ydp, eaTtVy 0(9 T)d{^e a)K07TeL (S)aLpa)v o{s e)v XP^^V ^o deZov ov KaraiaxvveL, 101
ve]p.ei S'
e/cacTTOj
ttjv
Karaiaiov p,otpav.
236
CERCIDEA,
ization
is it,
?
81-102
moment of eating after it has passed through but a moment, all goes into a live ^ abyss. Eat then cheerfully just so much as I do and no more beyond this walk not as a bird into the net. These maxims, Parnos, I not only admire, but keep myself obedient as <a horse> in belly-bands, and force myself to order my life to simphcity. Aye
: :
what boots it, to glimpse, so to say, a For what is set in the mouth remains
and when I must sacrifice to some pleasure I am weary of it, since a pinch of salt is enough pleasure for me, and nothing deUghts me so much as to win from just dealing that <which never> comes to men from base courses, <as I now see many> for a short while enriching themselves by shamelessness,<though their wealth vanishes> as if <it had never come>. For there is indeed a divinity who looks on these things and in time's course brings not to shame the godhead, but gives to each his due portion. So I, ^ yaarrjp is derived (E.M.) to mean Tracra rbv jHou \afj.17
j3dvovcra
/xt]
wXripov/jLevT].
82. sup81. init. leg. Bi.-K. supplevi. fin. leg. eiVw. 83. init. supplevi ex Greg. Naz. plevi: iffrarat K.-Bi. (ii. 444). icrdy 84. supvel i(Tdi.ri Bi. supplevi. plevi. 85. suppl. G. init. K.-Bi. med. e.g. 5ri tlv. 86. e.g. rivbeLv xpv ffe ko.1 eT^pLp dowai. 87. irar. K.-Bi. [6pvis. e.g. vvf] 88. suppl. G. 89. suppl. G. epLavTop cos (leg. K.-Bi.) [ttwXov. 90. e.g. Kal eK/3. Hense. TovToG.: toPtoc Hense. 91. suppl. G. 92. suppl. G. drjdovy K. aTrevoeiv K.-Bi. 93. supplevi e.g. ead' aXos y 1X01 94. suppl. Kroll, Powell, ed. praecesserit (92) xpsf"96. init. suppl. G. 95. suppl. G. e.g. rovd' oirep. oil. e^<TTiv. fin. supplevi. e.g. Cf. e.g. Plut. Mor. 570 wXovTovcrLv dwb irpay/xdTwv aicrxp'if. 97 sqq. I translate 102. Karaiaiav as F.G.A. p. X. 102, 103. suppl. G. P. After this v. follows "la/xfios 't'oifiKos, another citation (from Phoenix ?), then a comic /r.
.
.
237
CERCIDEA
iyjw
t)
fiev ouv,
(5
rapKevvr' e/xaUTOj
TToAAa
dAcoj/
vofit^eudai
ttot
;(p7](7TOS"
TTpTjaaeLV,
/cat
eLirelv
tou?
i^dpovs
106.
aXcoi'
ex
aXXwi'.
238
CERCIDEA,
and
salt
^
103-105
it
came.'
239
FRAGMENTA
CHOLIAMBICA
EUPOLIS
'Avocria TTOLUX^
TToWov
.
fXv
ravra val fia ras vviJL^as. ovv St/cata val jxa rag Kpa/x^ag.
. .
.
(Priscian de metr. Com. 415 K. Eupolis BdTrrais posuit in fine habentes spondees (1, 2). .
hos
PHOENIX
lAMBOC
/r.
1
A.
NINOC
(1
Powell)
ifjafifjiov
OS ovK
1
.
aarep* ov
3.
[St^Jcoi'
ehil,r]TO,
Kai
iyi>: 'kovcj
Bgk.
rdXavra ttoWuj
to, 5'
rdWa
iroWbv
cod. A,
but
it
may be
dyadCiv.
ovx &\uv.
242
EUPOLIS
Unlioly wrongs
Nay
rightfully
(Eupolis in the Baptae wrote the following verses with spondees at the end (1, 2). Priscian on Comic Metres.)
PHOENIX
POEM
There was a
I.
NINOS^
man
called Ninos,
am
told,
Assyrian, who possessed a sea of gold And all things else more than the Caspian sand Who ne'er the stars nor orb of heaven scanned
^ The song is one of many variants of an alleged inscription on the tomb of Sardanapallus in the Chaldaean tongue, of which two translations, one in verse and one in prose, were
The poise of the fingers of the statue current in Greek. was interpreted as dismissing everything else as worth no more than a flick. I do not think that Phoenix wrote books This was the first poem in his book. of lamlji.
2d
243
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ov TTapa
ju.dyoLarL
Tou deov
ipavojv.
ov pLvdi-qrTjg ov SiKaarroXos Keivos' ov XeojXoyelv ifxdvdav' ovk dpudprjaaL. dAA' rjv dpiGTOs icrdieLV re Kal 7tluiv
Krjpdv,
Trerpcbv d>deL.
ws 8 diredav djvqp, Trdai KareXnTe prjuLV, OKOV NtVos" vvv icTTL tACttt TO OTJjx' a.t8e<s'>t" " A.KOVUOV etr' Acrarvpios etre Kal M^So?
^ Kopa^os", rj 'tto tcLv dvo) Xtjjivdjv <H>Lv86s KOjjL-qrrjs' ov yap dXXd KT]pvaaoj- 15 eyd) f^ivos ndXat ttot' iyevop.'qv 7TVV[xa, vvv 8' ovkt' ovhev, dXXd yrj TreTTOirjjjiaL' 8' e^io oKooov ehaiaa jj^oi/cocr' ^etaa],
et?
X<J^K6a\aY rjpdad-qv,
rd 8
eyd> 8
(f)epovcrLv
"AiSrjv ovre xP^^ov ovd lttttov apyvprjv dfia^av coxdfjLrjv cXkojv CTTToSos' 8e ttoXXt] x^ pLLrp-qi^opos KeZfxai.
es"
ovT
(Ath. 530 e
'i'olvi^
5^ 6 KoXocpil'vios
TroiijTris irepi
'Sivov
Xtyuf
7. fxv0rir)Tr)s codd. corr. Schweighauser. 12. is often regarded as an insertion. ffTJ/j-a CrSei cod. A. 15. corr. by Schweig. 18. x'^'^<^'^' epdadrjv cod. corr. Bgk. Perhaps we should write two verses so translation. Hdl. read okoctct' iirai.aa (Kaibel), X'u"^'- vc-oo-, X'^'^^'^'^' eb'wKa yaarpiy,
: :
:
kt\.
[v.l.
oKocraov 15.).
(ii.
For
this
780 Colon)
Iwai^fv,
yaffrpos ewXijaev
244
PHOENIX
Nor duly at his magi's side with rod Stirred up the holy fire and touched his god. No spokesman was. nor counsellor this man, No marshal, no reviewer of his clan Wine, food, and lust of all men he adored The most aught else but these went by the board
; :
And when
'
he died he left, to all to say (Where town and tomb alike are hid to-day) ^ Assyrian and Median, give ear Unto my preaching hear Koraxian hear Thou long-haired Sindian from the Upper Mere I Ninos once of yore was living breath And now am nought but common earth in death. All that I ate <or drank> fand all my songf
:
!
And
But
all all
And sundered as a Maenad doth a kid. And I to Hades neither gold did bring
Nor
I
horse, nor car of silver panelling that did wear the diadem on my brow far-flung scattering of ash ^ am now.'
in his
Iambus says
See Addenda.
(1).
Athenaeus.)
" TroWrj whether " wide-spread " as I take it, or " a heap as Mr. J. U. Powell suggests to me, is probably right. To my ear it suggests wawep oi ttoWoi, which is the point of the poem. I have introduced this in v. 16 (transl.). Ninos did not have the grand burial of the old Assyrian princes, as to which we are learning new details. For the earliest burials with jewelled cars and asses see C. L. Woolley in the Times, p. 11, Jan. 12, 1928.
^
245
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
KOPaNICTAl
fr. 2 (2 Powell)
Tjj
Ea^Aot, KopowT] X^^P^ TTpoaSore Kpideajv, 77at8t TdjTToXXojvog, rj XeKog TTvpcov ^ dprov, rj rjfxaidov, rj on tls xPV^^'-SoTO), yadoi, ns, rcov eKaaros iv x^P^*-^
ex^i',
(f)tXel
Kopojvrj.
;^aAa XrjiJjeTac
;^ov'Spdi/*
yap avrrj irayxv ravra hatwadaf 6 vvv dXas Sovs avdi KTjpiov Swaei.
Trat,
rfj
dvprjv dyKXive, YlXovros JrjKovaef, Kopwvrj Trapdevog (f)ep<o>L avKa. deoi, yevoLTO Trdvr' d'/i.e/XTrros' rj Kovprj Kd(f)VL6v dvhpa Kd)<v>vo[xaaT6v i^evpoL Kol TO) yepovTL TTarpl Kovpov els x^'^P^^ KOI p^rjrpl Kovprjv elg rd yovva KardeLTj,
c3
/cat
10
13
<
>
13a
ddXos, Tp<6>(f)[]LV, yvvoLKa, roLS KaaiyvrjTOig iyd) 8' OKO<i> TToSeg ^ip<co>aLV, 6(f>daXjjiOvg
^djJLeL^JOfiaL },lovarjai, Trpos dvprja
doojv,
16 17 18
p.rj
dAA', (LyadoL,
So?,
1
Vope^a^'
Sos"
&
<d>va^,
<'s> 7.
(and 20).
codd.
:
x^^Pai'dis
'"'s
after
8.
e/cacrro?
codd. codd.
Ath.
9.
(p4pei.
:
codd.
e.g.
I. r)*fei croi.
corn.
Bgk.
corr. Dind., 16. See on
14. rpitpeiv
codd.
codd.
corr. Cr.
Bgk. Herodas
16. -aiai,
(C.E.), p. 395,
e.g. ipeidofxai: where add Opp. Cyn. iv. 199, ii. 222. Greg. Naz. Or. i. 477 b ol //.ev irooei eipepovlro] i) oe o'tfis elxe 17. Twvyecj Tr]v ddXarrav fixes the sense and punctuation.
codd.
19. so Cr.
246
PHOENIX
THE CHOUGH-BEGGARS
Good
sirs,
fist
Of bread, a farthing. Each give what he will Of what he has in hand, kind sirs, to me The chough. Coarse salt will not distasteful be,
these things she loves full well to thrive. Who now gives salt a honeycomb shall give. Sir slave open the door. Let wealth come in What time the girl brings figs from store within. Pray God the maiden lead a virtuous life And to a famous man and rich be wife. And set a son upon her father's knee, daughter on her mother's and may she As child or girl or woman <bring delight, When forth she ventures> ^ to her bx-others' sight. I, as I wander over dale and hill. Keep my eyes fixed upon the Muses still And, be ye churl or lavish, at your wicket More blithely will I sing than any cricket.
all
!
On
10
12
15
17
Kind sirs, set forth what cupboard has in store, Kind master give, kind mistress give me more.
^
18
Clearly a verse
i'
is
missing.
ttoi''
The sense
ye
irarrip Kal
is
secured
by
Horn,
iroTVLa
ixi}Trjp,
laiverai e'iveKa
ffe'to
Xevaabvrwv TOiovde
0a.\oi x^po"
eiaoLXfevaav.
The
xopbv
line lost
(poiry.
was something like Krjp eiKppaviovaav iivIk is The Greeks (in literary tradition) were very fond
of their
sisters.
We
are not.
247
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
j'o/xos"
Kopcovrj X^^P^
Sow
eiTaLTOvarj
20
359 e
lxv7)fj.ovevovTa. tlpoov
TavTa {vv.
ol8a 8k ^oivina rbv ^o\o<pu>vi.ov lafj-^oiroLov KOpibvr) Kal Xeyovra 1-17). Kai eirl reXei de rod 'ld/j.^ou (frqaiv
dvdpQv ws dyeLpovTUv tj
{vv. 18-21).)
It is remarkable that these verses differ (metrically) toto caelo from those of I and III : perhaps they are written after Callimachus' criticisms in his Iambi. Alore probably Phoenix varies metre with subject.
Bgk.
<NEOnAOYTOI>
fr. 3 (6 Powell)
7r(oA)Aors'
ye dv-qrojv raylald"
eartv,
tu
YioaeihnnTe,
ov
\cnj]ix(f)op
aAAa
Set roLavr'
avrovs
T](e/xv)etv,
iitLaravTaf iyvv) S' o[tj (/x)ev [r]]yiwv Ac(pT^)[yu]ot KadearaJres (7T)oXXr)i> d((^)etSea)S" v(r])[a](rLrjv) pevyovra[L 5 (ot) S' ovT avKa, (jyaaiv, ovr' iplv' evvres (jijXovTovaL. TO) TrXovrcp Se 7Tp{6s) ri Set ;)(p7^[(T0]at
/cat (fjpovejjv
oKola
rovr
Xidov apbapayhirov
10
7Ta\To{y)
15
.... X\{o)yoLs
1, 2.
;)(;p7jCTTot(CT)t
aoj(f)povLadeLaa
A.P.
so Gerhard. 3. suppl. Bi.-K. ; cf. Poseidippus 359. 4. vuv etc. Cr. Kpriyvoi G. 5. vrjcrTirjv Biicherer-Cr. 6. epiva Papyrus. 7, 9, 10. so G.
vs..
248
PHOENIX
So give the chough a fistful as is fit. So sing I. Give. You '11 ne'er repent of
20
it.
(I recall that Phoenix the (chol)iambist of Colophon mentions certain men as collecting for the chough, and says (saying?) as follows (1-17). At the end of the Iambus he says (18-20). Athenaeus.)
[THE PROFITEERS]
3
mortals goods are not Good, Poseidippos such should be men's lot As is their power to stomach. Now, God wot, Our nobles belch not save on sori-y fare, Those who nor garden figs nor wild figs are, 5 Are rich. But how their riches they should spend They know not. An they gain their dearest end. Houses they buy for millions houses bright With colonnades and floor of malachite. But for the food whereon their souls should feed, 10 They mix it with the scourings of their greed. For base are gains when men seek wealth alone And listen not to words of righteous tone, To learn precisely what is right and fit. O Poseidippus let us say of it 15 Their houses costly are and fair of note
full
: :
Unto
many
" Heidelb. legere visus sum sed *' besser ]roc[ 12. so G. 13. see G.and read with him Beginning e.g. Tpo(prjv. 14. to\vtwv G. beipvxvginning (for sense) ^(pvpev dpyrj. 15. e.g. Kep8r) yap alffxpo-.
11..
.]((rroi')[.]
monet
Bi.
ttXovtov
dubium
(Bi.).
16. e.g. ov
fxrj.
\6yoii
G.
249
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
]
ra
avix(f)ipovr
elSrj.
[
. .
K](a)Aas'
Kara^las re
ttoAAcDp',
20
ajvTovs
/c]at
S' vvdpx^t-v
d^iovs
7]v
T\_pC\a)v ;!^(a)[AK:aj];';
p,dXa hiKaiojs,
jv
ns
ivOvjjirJT
[opJ^cDj
yap Kal
Xidcov ^povnt^ovaiv.
lemma
"Ia/i/3os <t>oiViK-os
(?').
Follows at once
(?
rod avTov))
3*
ijx)
[otj/ct.
[. .]
{d)viardaLV
18.
e.c/.
tols ovv
G.
19.
oi) av/j-jS.
G.
20,21.22,23.
So G.
1 The anthology does not add materially to the reputation of the poet. Athenaeus would appear to have selected his two best pieces. But it gives us their scope say twenty to fifty lines and shows us that 1 and 2 may be nearly complete. Moreover, Poseidippus gives us a clue as to date that is that this poem may be later than 275, if this (Gerhard)
250
PHOENIX
But they themselves are worth not half a
groat.^
live.^
And
may we
give,
The
citation in Cercidas'' anthology,' One of Phoenix'' citation which follows in the same metre the
runs
:)
3*
. . .
set
up hous.
the Poseidippus who was then studying in Athens under Zeno and Cleanthes. Another identification (see below) is But again, if my with the comic poet who lived later. reading in v. 2 is rightly approved by Bilabel, the epigrammatist (of the same date as the comic poet) must also be considered. Indeed the piece might be a commentary on the epigram Troirjv tis jSlotolo rd/j-oi Tpl(iov ; ^ Such seems to be the most apposite ending but it is somewhat hard to fit in. See Gerhard pp. 134-, 140. Perhaps
is
XidoL T
((pvv
(Pind. P.
i.
251
PHOENIX
(?)
A Papyrus at Strassburg (W.G. 304-307) ^ contains on the recto an anthology of lyrics from tragedy. On the verso is what appears undoubtedly to be
In general the part of the Cercidas anthology. metres are iambic and the subjects chosen for their There are no names of authors given. ethical value. The date of the hand, according to Bell, Lobel, and Bilabel, is the middle of the third century b.c. It can hardly be doubted that tlie author of the The metre is chohambi given below is Phoenix. identical with that used by Phoenix in the Heideland the loose flowing repetitive berg fragment Another style is typical of all we have of him. reason, observed by W. Cronert, is that the name Lynceus occurs in this, and Poseidippus in the Heidelberg fragment. Lynceus is known to have written letters to Poseidippus, possibly those of an If, as may be, it is Lynceus who elder to a pupil. is dead, the verses may have been written about for Lynceus is called a contemporary of 280 B.C. Menander, Poseidippus being younger, or at least younger as a writer see Suid. s.vv., Ath. viii. 337 d. The anthology, then, is almost contemporary with the verses, if these names are those of the well known wi'iters of Attic comedy.
;
:
:
Gm.
i.
31.
253
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
This may be a convenient place to note two points firstly, the metre of the fragment. There are two licenses employed by Greek writers as a variant of the rigid form ^-v^-^ -v.^v-/ One is Phoenix adopts this in to allow many resolutions. two pieces. The other is to allow the ending This is adopted by Phoenix in two pieces also by the author of the anthology whom Gregory calls Cercidas. Callimachus eschews both licences, though occasionally admitting an undivided trochee Herodes uses both. Secondly, we may now place the anthology collector, who contributed the preface, as \\Titing about 250 b.c, and roundly assert that this metre
: .
.
was as far as we know and in all probabihty not used between 200 b.c. and the Christian era. Earlier columns of the Strassburg portion of the Anthology Below this poem we are not well re-assembled yet. have the verses (already edited by Cronert)
ayaTrare tovtov Travres o? e^et rayada}aTravT kv avTW, \pr]<TTos, euyei'vys, a/rAovs,
</)tAo/3acrtAt's,
(ru)(f)pwv,
TO,
dvSpetos,
c^tAeAA;/!',
irpais, evTrpoa-qyopos,
iravovpya
/xlu-wv, ti/v
akT^deiav
rrkfiinv.
verses,
clearly
eTrtcrra
p.rjv
I
dSiKiLTai
\p
I
vvv poi
.
.
StaKoi/oi'i/
8'
TraiStov
d(rTLOV
^
ov\
op.
Ik
k^l.
dv Xd/Sio
TOi Sei
7ro(i'r).
254
PHOENIX
SlttXo' dirolSovvai
\
(?)
ra irdrpia yap Sy
T'ij'i
Tex^'']'^
^^
rd
7rpd(r^i'[
Tpa7r[^7ys
d^uofx
e^wv
icrov,
d/coAacTTOi' ^"[^e
Kopv<f)r^i
TVXrj
.Ta[
TTOV t[
These I quote, (a) since they give clearly the subject of this section of the anthology praise or blame of the tongue (b) since, as will be seen, the three verses taken from the first ten lines of Euripides'
Orestes
We
may be choliambic (tiroi', voPcror, -n-krpov). must consider briefly the subject matter.
poet is dead. The speaker (Phoenix or, as in the Ninos poem, another) wishes consolation for the loss. He longs to see Lynceus, and will render him famous by iambi at feast of bowls (and in the country ? ?). For us there is an unfortunate ambiguity. Does Apollo or some representative of poetry mourn a dead writer, e.g. Menander, and beseech Lynceus to replace him, with promises to inspire him at the Dionysia in city (see ap. Dem. Or is the request for the robe 531) and country? merely an aside to a slave, and is " that which was my robe " Lynceus, and the iambi those of Phoenix who speaks ? On the whole, I believe this is so, but have no confidence in either interpretation.
^
255
<ANQNYMOY
].
]
.
EniTYi\lBIOC>
/r.4
o.[o
.]
(eA7r)[,
.]
SeLVOLS
(/aO[-
-IH^
{da(f)aX)rj
AecTX??
.]...[.....
].
.
.].
{(Tv).[.]{v)
.[.
.]
he {X)anpr]prjv
'7T(oy)p(a)s'
.[.
.].
(t)Sat
.]...[.]....
.]
riv.{(f>).
[ivjaveadaL
Xvxvov
ddXXojv
(e).(aA)os',
t.
Kal
7Ta{voL)KLrj
irotixov
Kal KCte
Kal 77[eV] (17) to? ejjL^Xeipa?. ...[...].. e(s") T. {OoLXTTa) TTJs rvx^js Kpivcov TO fXTjhev Kal Kva) TTpoafji^{a)[^
)(_peirjv
'\
10
](ai)SeCTT.v[](^)ay.
] [
irap crev
[
12
.]
{firjh)[
15
8]e^i7y? TJipiw)
-qpiOJly
Jrt t{cv)
.](a)[.
.].oi(to)
(o-ot)
decov ^eivoj
p.kv
(X)ero?
(r))
[0)776
ttjs
Tiixvpmjs
3.
(init.
e.ff.
ffeavTov
Iffdi
Tr}v
ri'xvv
...
. ;
4. e.g. oaiixov
6. e.ff. fVTavda /xi/jLve). 5. e.ff. evdevoe a exPV" '/'' Dein ? 1. avrov. irp6<paive KaXos : 1. -oiKirj. 7. . . roy P 1. xpf'58. e/3X. P with /x superscr. suspicor (is ex^*' cv 5' ij\iTes. Seifd cett. init. e.g. Koivd, rix 9. e.ff. rd
: :
256
a ready vessel there ^ with heed it, apt to serve the poorest's need. Alas you] scoffed at Fate's alarms, and found Faring abroad] your [feet] on hollow ground. No profit is there more of you for me
it
Keep
And burn
!
10
'
rich
'
15
'
Praise you
^
my
16
17 18
bred
ws ^x^'* P seems to have In V. 7 I translate avrov wvKu There may be an allusion here to Lynceus as a poet: Callim. Iamb. SS-i "K(peaoi' 66 fv wvp ol to. fxerpa /xeXv. 8 Give a light XovTes TO. xujXa, tIktuv /ny-} djua^cDs euavovrai. even to the poorest encourages this interpretation. ^ Clearly Homer who M'as born at Smyrna, Chios, ColoThe reading phon, Salamis, Pthodes, Argos or Athens. 'Crete' is an error, perhaps for fj Akttjs 'from Smyrna or Attica.'
. . .
'
'
10.
e.ff.
dvai
and
irpoaen^cLLvcov.
16. ? rj^Uuv.
18 e.g.
kK-q'^olto,
257
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
[t]) (Kp-qg) o,T eirj Koi Kev{6v Kev)cp (^)a(^)a(t)* iyd) 8' V7T^ "Aihov [St] ae 77e)[t]^o/xat yXcoaaav 20
.
. .
.[
.
](''"ct
7'')[fpi]
7Ta(T{co)v
.
.
^^eXiSovojv
6 8"{eVK0)[.
{(jv)v
](77)[.
^
.]((^)7^(^)[.](/XUCTTa)iai[.]
].[
r]
TL TToAA' aet'Sco;
yap
Xeaxf]'
7Todii){v) ^Xei/jat
arrelXov
/u,(e
)()M^'-)^71'
'^^^ ^'
^X^
&
KaTearaXfiai 26
QoL{v)r]
els
tov
AlSyj ^ati^et.
la.ix^{oi)s
ktjttI
l^prjr-qpcov
X^PV
'^'ctVTt.
(o^-pws)
would
fit
better.
^/dv ?
Trepi x-
""
25. areiXoiu. P.
fort, dypei.
traces 26.
lectio incertissima
/it^
olim dedi
vvy ex
29. 67 P.
/r. 5 (3 Powell)
/cat
Sr^tot
'
.'
(Ath.
X.
421 d Kai
5. 2. ko^t;
corrected by Haupt.
3. Kurai.
by Lachmann.
258
ANECDOTUM ARGENTINENSE
Some empty
singer to an empty head ^ But you have ta'en below, I wot, a tongue That has all twittering swallows far outsung.^
:
20
21
22
'
23
;
is folly.
24
25
Robe me
How
suffer
who long
!
to see
!
You, Lynceus, once again Come robe thou me. For that which was my robe has vanished quite ^ And treads the path to Hades out of sight. But I at country-side and Feast of Bowls * Will win your verses honour from all souls. 30
^
See Paroem.
and
vv. 20 and 21 echo Phoenix /r. 1 w. 21 and fr. 2 v. 17 See Headlam's note on Herodes ii. 15. ' Feast of Bowls conceivably two mixing-bowls, one for the living and one for the dead. Ionic has no dual. As Phoenix lived at Ephesus, the probable scene for Mime V. of Herodes, this appears as a possible name of the feast which Herodes paraphrased with the words ^Tredj' 5^ rots /ca^
.
^ *
'
For casks were Ninus' sword and jugs his spear. Cups were his arrows, bowls his enemy, Ho ointment his alarm, liqueurs his cavalry.
!
(And Phoenix
of Colophon says
(5).
Athenaeus.)
2e
259
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
fr. 6 (4 Powell)
QaXris yap toCTTist aaTelf)\cov oviqiaros Koi ra>v tot' , cl!? Xeyovcn, 7toXX<6>v avQpdjTTCov i(hv dpLGTos, eXa^e TreAAtSa -x^pvariv.
(Ath.
(l>->)aiv
xi.
495 d
^oivi^
5'
Xi^iv
X^ywv
Kai ev
dWw
5i
/J^^pei
(7).)
fr. 7 (5 Powell)
Hippon.yr. 76*.
/r.8
-qavx^j tc /cat pvhrjv Kal plvttojtov rjfiepas Trdaag SatFU/xevo? waTrep AapujjaK-qvos vvov)(os [a]KXrjpov, IwaTe XPV^ KaT(f)ay Srj tov
o /xev
yap avTcbv
dvvv'\ov^ Te
GKOLTTTeLV
darewv (from false mss. of 6. 1. o(7Tis: read e.cf. daroh. Hdt.) Casaubon's certain correction (quam nemo umquam dubitavit literarum Graecarum vel minime peritus). Here are twv rore + superlative the disjecta membra in Hdt. alone: di'^paiTrcoj' + sup. i. 24, 45, iv. i. 23, viii. 8, ix. 72, cf. iii. 125 ruiv dar^^v ~ sup. or 56\i/uos i. 158, iii. 20, iv. 14, 91. viii. 68
:
:
It is 161, V. 63, 97, 126, vi. 61, 101, vii. 118, viii, 46, be. 93. true that the expression is intolerably diffuse, but so is all that we have of Phoenix. Compare Theogn. v. 23. On 2. -wv dcrrevs see my First Greek jtnthologist, p. 24. 3. v.l. TreWidoa. corr. by Toup.
260
PHOENIX
(?)
For Thales, to
his
townsmen
usefullest
Of to\vnsmen, cand, say they, by far the best Of men then hving took the paillet gold,
(Phoenix of Colophon in his Iambi uses the word (paillet) of a cup as follows (6). Elsewhere ^ he says (7). Athenaeus.)
Hippon.yr. 76.
luxuriously dined In ease on cheese-cake spiced and tunny brined, Like eunuch Lampsacene his portion done He fain would dig 'mid mountain rocks and stone
:
^ It is clearly impossible to suppose these words are right. In what other part ? For these are iambi like the others.
But we know of various books of Hipponax, and if we transfer the text of Athenaeus (or of Lysanias behind it) we get a Kal iv 6.\\ix> be /lepei natural sequence koI wdXiv (495 d) . (495 e). The gravest stylistic argument is that Phoenix was wholly incapable of such compression as the three verses
. .
show.
8. 2. Ovvvav A, Ovvvov C, dvvvlba. Meineke. 4. ffKXrjpbv ware XPV cod. Ath.: leg. cod. Ath. corr. Dalecamp. Xpv Soph. Ant. 887 (Jebb). So ten Brink.
: :
261
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
TTerpas [r
] opeias crvKa fierpta rpwycov Kal Kpidivov KoXXiKa hovXiov x^P^ov.
(Ath.
Tea's Trepi
vii.
303 C Owfis
304 b 'linrQva^
oe
dit
Avffavlai iv
The evidence for attributing this fragment to Hipponax appears faulty. On the one hand Athenaeus' attribution is plain, the divisions and the breaks are good, and the connexion with fr. 17 (so most edd.) attractive. Against this we have (a) pfoT/j/ so tj-pical of later choliambists {e/x-n-Tvoi Hrd., KarawTv (?) Cercid., K\vi>} Phoenix). (6) The moral tone, (c) Three cases of resolution in the first foot for Athenaeus seems to have read dvvvlba in v. 2. Of course his text may have been corrected from better codd.,
AESCHRION
Jr.
1
.
p^'qvr)
crty/xa
x^'jpiqv
'KXX-qaTTOVTOV ifiTTopcov
pLvpjjLrjKes.
3*. o S' i^eXojv Ifxavra (f)opTLOU t,a>viqv 4*. Ipis S' eAa/Mi/^e KaXov ovpavov to^ov. 5*. Kal TTiaaav 4(f)drjv rjv dvpai p,vpLt,ovTai
(Tzetz. Rhet.
TrdXii'
Gr.
iii.
XicFXpi-'^v criyfia'
ovtio
650 Walz Jjs ttjc (jeXrjvrjv ovpavou yap Xe^fatv avrais avro AtVxp'w
X'7ei
et'j
\pvxpoTT]Ta
(1)' Tov \6yov CKTpaxi^i'Ovcn, CK\7)pvvovai bk wXeov ij fia.7\\ov (TvpovffL yeXacTfav, tjs Kai 6 ypd\pas to, xpvxpa.
ravrl
(3-5).
rwv
lafj.^eiioi'
(2)
Kal
iroWaxov
5v<TT7)vd
roiavrl
\eyei
262
AESCHRION
And peck
.
.
A modicum
;
Hipponax, as Lysanias says in his work (Tunny . on the (chol)iambic poets, remarks (8). Athenaeus.)
these were extant. Again, v. 4 is wholly unsatisfactory though the resolution is not objectionable, (d) The fact If genuine we should have that the citation is second-hand.
if
to read
V.
1 pv^b-qv (Bgk.), v. 2 fivaatarbv id., v. 3 ware, (paywv and Ccare dhs (TKairret and in V. 2 keep dvvvdv C {Ovvvav A). Even so /uerptd Tpiiyuf is wrong for Hipponax, but right for Phoenix (2. 1, 6. 3).
e:ff.
v.
4 Kar
<Sv
AESCHRION
the heaven's pretty new sigma ^ the sailors swarmed, where their business The merchants have in Hellespont's narrows. 3*. So he unloosed a strap, a bale's girdle 4*. A rainbow shone, the heaven's fair iris.^ 6*. And boihng pitch, a portal's anointment
1.
O Moon
(Or again as Aeschrion calls the moon the heaven's pretty sigma. Here are his exact words (1). Thus style is rendered rougher,' I should rather say harsher,' or better diverted to a ridiculous bathos,' as is the case with still the author of these iambi which are typical of bathos (2). With him these unfortunate effects are common (3-5). Tzetzes in Rhetores Graeci.)
'
'
'
C> not S.
263
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
fr.6
iyo) ^iXaLVLs tjitl^cotos avOpojirois
ivravOa
fjirj
yijpo-
fx\ o) fidraie vavra, rrjv aKp-qv Kap-TrTajv X^^viqv re 7TOLu kol ye'AojTa Kol Xdadrjv
ov ydp fxd rov 1Lt\v , ov jxa tovs Kara) Koupous', OVK rjv is dvhpag p-axXos ouSe St^jucuSt^s" HoXvKpdr-qg 8e rrjv yevrjv Wdrjvalos Xoyojv T<> TTaLTrdXrjpia kol KaKrj yXaJaaa eypaifjev <o>(ja^ eypai/j^' iyd) ydp ovk otSa.
(Ath.
6
viii.
335 b
<l>tXaii't5os
els
fjv
avaipiperai
to
wepl
'AcppoOLffiiov a.Kb\a.(TTov
Zd(Uios
vii.
la/j-iSoTroLos
cvyypaiJ.p.a oTrep (pyjai Troi^crai AiVxp"^'' llo\vKpa.T7] top (jo<t>i.aTy)v eirl 5ia^o\ri t^s
to. iafj-^ela
(6).
A, P.
345
doeaTroTov'
ol 5e 'ZipLuvioov.)
fr.7
Kal dedJv <^pd)aLV> J^povos KareaTretpev.
aypcoarLV evpeg
(Ath.
t^v
'rSv-qs
Aicrxplt^v 5' 6 2,d/iios Iv tivi twv Idp-^wv I.Kv\\ov {cf. A.P. ix. 296)(Hdt. viii. 8) toO "ZKLUvalov KaTaKoXv/x^rjTov OvyaTpbs top daXdacnop YXavKOP epaadrjpai, ioiwi de /cat irepi ttjs ^OTdprjs \eyeL fjp (paywv dddparos eyepero (7).)
vii.
296 e
<pri<jl
TTjs
6.
vv.
dcraa.
U.
\dcTdprip,
and
8. tl
rjip,
7 yvpTjf, 8 ola
7. 1.
so Haupt.
264.
AESCHRION
Philaenis I, the whole wide world's byword, Lie resting here after a long old age.
idle sailor, rounding the headland, Spare me your jeers, derisions and mockings, For so I swear by Zeus, and by Hell's Youths Ne'er was I common woman, nor lustful. Polycrates, Athenian native, Evil of tongue and crafty Mord-monger, Wrote of me what he wrote for I know not.
:
(Philaenis, to whom is ascribed the obscene work on erotics, said by Aeschrion of Samos, the writer of iambi, to have been written by Polycrates the sophist to libel the woman, who was, in fact, a model of chastity. Athenaeus. Also in the Palatine AntJiology with lemma "On Philaenis the courtesan from Elephantine who painted on a tablet the famous -yvvaLKiias fxl^ns on account of which she is lampooned by the Athenian wits." scholiast {A.P.) repeats the
And
agrostis
by Kronos.
(Aeschrion of Samos in one of his iambi says that the sea deity Glaucus was enamoured of Hydna, daughter of Scyllus ^ the Scionean diver. And he has an original statement about the food which he ate and became immortal Athenaeus.) (7).
For the ellipse of (Dios) compare Dioscuri. 32. ^ Scyllus or Scyllies was (Hdt. viii. 8) the famous diver who deserted to the Greeks before the naval fighting round Artemisium in connexion with the battle of Thermopylae. Agrostis is a kind of grass. He swam ten miles under sea Glaucus was originally a fisher of Anthedon.
^
The
Herodes,
i.
265
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
THEOCRITUS
o fJiovaoTTOiog evddS
et {Xv
L
TTovrjpog,
fxr]
S' iaal Kp-qyu6s re Kal Trapa xprjarajv, dapaecov /ca^t^eu, ktjv deXrjs aTTO^pt^ov.
{A. P.
2.
xiii.
A, P.
TTOTepxei'i
A.P.
4. KaSi^ov
DIPHILUS
arpaxf^as Se ttojXovs ojs 6 Mavrti^ey? ^rjpLOs OS 77pu)Tog appiar rjXaaev Trap 'AA^eioi.
(Scholl. Pind. 01. X. 83 (a) TraparldeTai de {Alovp.o^) Kal tov ypdcpovTa tov Orjcrrjida /xapTvpovvra Ttf "Hpwi ttjv tov ap/maTos 7)VL0Xii'TiKr]v dpirriV rpi^as Ok ttwXovs lis 6 ^lavTifevs "Hpws.
(6) 'Api(TT65r]fj.os de cprjai KaTo. KeKpoira 'Hpo/fXei
1.rjiiov
de TLva
vvv
dvvaadai. (TvyxP^"^^" A^i-Ppbdiov tov K6r)valov fJ-ri^k 'ApKaBa elvai d\X veviKr^Kivai ap/xari. ws (prjaL Ai(pi\oi 6 tj}v
/xr)
dWa
'
ovtw
Tpeij/as 0^
v.l. Tp^iZ-aj/'Epa's
schol. (a).
266
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
THEOCRITUS
Stranger, here lies the poet Hipponax If thou art wicked, to his tomb come not
:
Be bold
sit
DIPHILUSi
And
Who won
swervest colts like Mantinese Semus the car race first by Alpheus.
((a) Didymus cites the author of the Theseis as witness to the driving skill of the Hero {v. 1). (6) Aristodemus says
that Halirrhothius being contemporary of Cecrops cannot have been alive with Heracles, nor was he an Arcadian but an Athenian. In fact the victor in the car race was a certain Semus, as is stated by Diphilus the author of the Theseis in a (chol)iambic verse as follows {vv. I, 2). Two Commentators on an Olympian Ode of Pindar.)
Diphilus nothing is known beyond the statements In the second verse it is not clear whether irp^ros means was first to or to victory.' The second schol. suggests that this was part of a fugitive epigram. Quite possibly a quotation from the Theseis is lost and these iambi are by another hand. The Diphilus of schol. Ar. Nub. 96 might be the same, but this is improbable.
^
Of
above.
'
'
'
267
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
RHINTHON
(Jr. 10 Kaibel)
A.
i^ajXr)
jJLeTpOV.
deirj.
A. ovhev
(Hephaest. p. 9
fj^iwae TO toiovtov.
(v. 2).
evpicTKOVTai.
jjLOL
/Lte'Aet.
Plvduv
ev tois
fiev
yap Kal
ii.
eV
lafj.^<j}
ina-rjfjLa<Tias
So Choerob.
Kal
ev
lis
in
Spd/uLari
(frqaiv
{v.
1),
eW
Kai
aTTOTeXovvra KOLvrfv
kt
Wf,
...
Trapd
rw
P. (v. 2).)
1.
^ftTjj r^"
2. 'IiTTrcivd^Tos
cod. codd.
correxi.
in Clement of Alexandria, p. 14 Potter, attributed to Rhinthon, is really a trimeter see Potter's citations. For another fragment of Rhinthon see my First Greek Anthologist, p. 22.
:
ASCLEPIADES OF SAMOS
arjfJLa
Trepl oe toD kwos (n^fiaros Kal kvvos /coXoCo"t 5v<Tfi6pov (TrjiJ,a. Schol. Lyc. 315 (TKvXa^' . . . crKv\aKa Trjv 'EiKa^rjv \eyei, on kvu}v iyivero ios (f>r](TL /xv6tKu)S 'Evpnrioris (/.c). . . Kal 'A(TK\T}TrLa.5Tis wepl Tov TOirov ov dvrjpedri (1).)
Hec. 1273
'AaK\7]Trid5ris (p-qalv
on
1.
5 Kal
om.
schol. Hec.
268
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
RHINTHON
A.
B.
May
(Rhinthon in an iambus calls attention to this practice. In his play Orestes he says {v. 1) and proceeds {v. 2). Hephaestion. Kt and pt often have the syllable before them either short or long e.g. Pthinthon {v. 2). Choero:
boscus.)
^
Rhinthon
S.KT-
is
0etr)
(Hephaestion)
false
and
(Choeroboscus).
The
latter
depends on the
(p. 14).
ASCLEPIADES OF SAMOS
1
The
luckless
'
bitch's
tomb
'
they now
call it.
(About the 'bitch's tomb' Asclepiades says that (1). Commentator on Euripides' Hecuba. Whelp ... Lycophron gives this name to Hecuba since she was turned
'
'
into a bitch according to Euripides' legend. says about the place where she was killed (1).)
Asclepiades
269
IRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
/r.2
Kov(f)rj
Kpal<ri>
kS-v tis
KevaraXeZ Trap'qveyKCv
^^wdev dpxv Trddovs winrep diadpo/xT] wj (prjciv 'A(Tk\.)
(Plut.
Mor. 476 a
APOLLONIUS RHODIUS
CANOBUS
>.!
Kopivdiovpyes
icm
Ktovcov
a-)(fip.a*
u>s
fr.2
"^Tpl^^L Se vr]6v'\ 6
yXvKvs
ere )(0}pLTri?
'AwoWihvLos
iv
Ttjj
K.
(2).)
Meineke.
vrjuiu
em. Meineke.
x'^;
em.
Gavel.
270
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
2
Rides out the storm with light and bare yard-arm
if from outside comes the beginning of any evil the passage of a storm ^ he as Asclepiades says (2). Plutarch on Tranquillity.)
(And
like
ffTTcXds
'
storm
'
Add
Plut.
Dio 10
Tov
xet/iij);'09
Trapaepepo/xivov.
APOLLONIUS OF RHODES
CANOBUS
1
A
('
pillared
'
group Corinthian-fashion
'
Corinth : . . there is a compound Corinthianfashion like 'Attic-fashion.' Apollonius of Rhodes in his [second] Canobus,^ Stephanas of Byzantium.)
'
Thou
shalt
dehght in the
.: compound Id.)
ships'
sweet passage
'countryfolk.'
Apollonius
in his Canobus.
^
Canobus was the steersman of Menelaus who was turned The Corinthian pillars marked his alleged grave. Out of Helen's tears for him grew, as Apollonius no doubt did not fail to mention, the plant eX^veiof. E.M. s.v. Neither Apollonius nor Asclepiades seem to have written more than one choliambic poem. 271
into a star.
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
PARMENO
fr.
avrfp
1
(1
Powell)
1
yap cXkcuv
(f)COVi
HkvOlOtI
ftretrai
2 3
4
5
KadvTTVog <Ls
</ia/3/xa/c<o>t' ttlvojv.
fr. 2 (2 Powell)
"qXdov fiaKprjv ddXaaaav, ovk aycov
avKa
idfx.j3ois
}ia[i]v<di>a cf)6pTov.
(Ath.
Kai'toi'
iii.
75 f
Ilap/Jievui>
6 Bui'dirtos eV rots
ra dwd
(ftrjcriv
(2).)
fr. 3 (3 Powell)
Schol. Find. P.
iv. 97.)
fr. 4 (8 Powell)
TratS'
inr-qvijr'qv
. . .
(Schol. Theocr.
(-WC
3 iruppds'
6 dpri^^'oi'?
TlapfievicrKos
Haupt)
(4).)
1. 3. KOTTTTa
K-d:T7ra cett.
5.
^ap/xctKcoy
AC
corr. Cas.
unsatisfactory.
ataiyriK'
For
:
wov wXelov
rrtwj'
Kaivea
A
:
corr. Palmerius.
irbpvas ?
(poprov
corr.
Cas.
Sense
dWd ^^-
4. yeveiov sch.
corr. Biicheler.
272
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
PARMENO
1
For one that drinketh wine, as horse water, <then when drunk First speaks hke Scythians deeper> Silent he hes, and cannot say Koppa,' ^ Since he has fallen to a tub's bottom, As with some opiate, with sleep drugged.
: '
(1).
Athenaeus.)
<Crossing>
Far seas I came hither, no figs bringing, Produce of Canae, <but some fair ladies>.
(Parmeno of Byzantium in his iambi praises figs from Canae the Aeolian city as of superlative quality. Athenaeus.)
Nile,
Egyptian Zeus,
{Athenae^is.
A
('
. .
used of one whose beard is just beginning to Yellow Parmeniscus (4). Commentator on Theocritus.) grow.
.
^ To the Greeks the northern tongues appeared to have an undue preponderance of ugly guttural sounds (Hdl. on Hrd. vi. 34.). ko is both the first letter of the Scythian or as the hiccup of the drunkard's alphabet. The Greeks
'
'
273
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
HERMEIAS
(p.
237 Powell)
A.KOvaaT
CO
Xoycov V7roKp<L>Trjps, ot piovoi Travra rdv Tols TTLva^i, Trplv <rt> ro) aocjia) Sovvat, avTol KarappocfjeLTe , Kad^ aXiuKeade evavria Trpdaaovres ols rpayaySelre.
(Ath. Mi'pWXos
xiii.
'AXeftSos aTrofivrjfxovevffas 6 Kq.Ta aTTo^Xf^as els tovs to. ttjs 2roas aipov/x^vovi TO, 'EppLeiov Tov KovpUus (k tQv idfj.^wv Trpoenruv (^vv. 1-5), TraiSoTTiTrat 6vTes Kai tovto fj.6vov i^yfKwKores tov apxvyo" iifi^v TTJs a'0<pias Zripcova tov ^oiviKa, 5? ovdiware yvvaiKi ixPV'^o-'''0 TraioiKois 8' aiei, u)S 'AvHyovos 6 KapvffTioi icrTopel iv ti2 irepl ToO lov avTOv.')
tQjv
crroi'a\'e? (E). 2. vwoKpriTr)pe% corr. Mus. : Read npoelwev in Ath. Perhaps corr. Porson. continue (for otherwise there is no construction), e.ff.
563 d tovtwv
1. (TToaAces
-irpLVT)
:
3.
(js
TratSoirtTra/ t'
aiei
expwo-T.
CHARINUS
"KppoLS TrXaviJTC Kai KaK-q
Trerp-q
Aeu/cas"
5k
5e
Tre'rpas
eirei
iTe\evTa dw^ppi^e
274
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
HERMEIAS
Hear me, ye Stoics, merchants of twaddle, Verbiage-fakei's you yourselves gulp down All that is in the dishes, ere wise men Can get a sup or bite and your actions Belie your fair pretences ^ fyou're caught out In lust unnatural, herein Zeno Your founder, and herein alone, aping
: :
:
For
this
Phoenician never
knew woman.
round words
(After quoting these verses of Alexis, Myrtilus stared at those of the Stoic persuasion present and quoted the
of Hermeias of
Curium
{vv. 1-8), as
Athenaeus.)
crit. n.
is
Verses 5-8 are merely paraphrased in Athenaeus : see Of Hermeias of Curium (in Cyprus) nothing more
known.
CHARINUS
Damn
Thou
thee, Leucadian rock,^ thou vile truant
:
Alas the
didst burn up with flattering tales empty. Eupator's love for Love I pray end thus.
fell in
eunuch who was cup-bearer to Eupator, and trusting in the tale about the rock threw himself over the edge. In falling he broke his leg and just as he was dying in agony threw Ptolemaeus Chennus in off these iambic verses (vv. 1-4).
Photius's Catalogue.)
^ Diving over the Leucadian precipice into the sea was supposed to have the effect of winning the love of a reluctant loved one. The whole of the narrative of Ptolemaeus is suspect but these verses can hardly be later than TrXavTJTis seems to mean 'deceitful.' See A.D. 100 or 200.
:
2 F
275
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
APOLLONIDES (NICAENUS)
TXrjvLV TTaprjovLTLS a^irix'^ X^PH-'^^
TTLKpfj
KaraaTTauOevra Kvp-aros
fx
^lvt],
or'
Xcocrav 8e
oaaos Aao?
rjv
avvepyqTiqg,
6
{A.P.
vii.
693 'AttoWojvISov
la/j.^LK6v.)
Jacobs.
HERODIANUS
'H/30j8tat'os'
Nt[/<:rjou
7Ta[T]p6s [a]TrjaV
XaXKelov avhpiavTa TrarptSoj ^T^(fi(p yvcupL-qg t eK<iq>TL, p.eiXixos yap -qv [7T]a[criv] repTTvaJv re p,[i]pia}v ovs eypaif/ev da[T]e[i]aJS
(Cougnv, A.P.
(Eski-Zaghra).)
3. T EKari lapis.
iii.
p. 589,
PARDALAS
'0 HapSLr]v6s riapSaAas" St? rJKOvaa' /Xe/Zt'T^CTO/Aat GOV KOLV epifjGl ^V^XotCTL.
(Cougny, A.P. iii. p. 30. One of a number of inscriptions on the left leg of the famous statue of Memnon in Egypt.)
2.
Num aev?
276
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS
HERODIAN
this bronze statue Nicias his sire by his town's vote Memorial to his character gentle And to his pleasant mimes with wit written.
..
Herodianus set
To
(On a grave-stone
see Couffny's
Appendix
to
A .P.)
PARDALAS OF SARDIS
I,
And
^
{Appendix
Ancient tourists who listened for the sound of Memnon's statue at dawn scrawled their semimetrical testimonies all
over the statue and base. Cougny i. 175, 184, 185 are mainly in pure iambi and I omit them despite an occasional choliambus, due to the incompetent author or authoress. Pardalas seems to have had some knowledge of the metre and appropriate dialect.
277
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ANON.
I
'0 kXcivos luls ^aaiXecos 'Aju.a^acr770S", o MLdpiSdrov ^aCTtAe'ojs' KauLyv-qros, o) yala Trarpls KaCT7rt<ot>? Trapa kXt^Sp < oi> s "iP'qp "l^7]pos ivda^L rerdpxvTai
ttoXlv Trap'
Iprjv rjv
d[X(f)l
eSet/xe NiKOiTCop
iXaiodrjXov
MvySovos
vd/xa.
6dvv
fioXojv
8'
TTpiv 7Tp
'i^OipiOV,
XvOpo),
10 alal, X^^P^ Sovpl t/cai^o^copt Kal (f)aaydvov kvcoSovtl, TTe^o? l7T<7Tvs Te>
p. 132.
In
Rome?
Non
inveni.)
by Meineke.
^-al
7. ? ray-qTopai
and
dca^i (8).
10.
ro^y
M. Haupt.
11.
supplied
by
Scaliger.
ANON.
]t6Di'
II
^e'Aeis"
ixvos, el
yvcovaL
aTrjX-Q.
eV (f)diTOLS dvrjp XPW^*^^' XiXonrev -qXiov (jyeyyos, 5 ]a>v jjirjSeTra) reXeicjaas ]i hihoKTO, (xovvos dvdpa>7TCOv, TrdvT Kal Trdvras] dperfj tovs o/xTjAtAca? rrpovx^v
]
deoae^-qs, (fnXdvdpojTTOS.
jjLopov
ris
/cAatet;
1-5. I translate the general sense given by Cagnat (so 3. XP- f" 0^- "" lapis. 7, 9, 10, 12, 13 (deivdv) and 14). 6. Sexo'^o lapis : corr. Cagnat.
278
ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS
ANON.
The famous son of a
I
king, Amazaspus, of king Mithridates own brother, Who by tlie Caspian gates was born, here lies, Iberian of Iberian, balmed, By holy city ^ built by Nicator On the Mygdonian stream 'neath grey olives. Unto the Roman emperor ^ fighting
And
Against the Parthian he went ally, (And fell his hand not yet in foes' blood steeped. That hand alas both with the bow mighty 10 And with the sword-hilt) horse and foot leading. Withal he was of modesty maiden
!
^ ^
Nisibis.
to
ANON.
<Halt passing>
if
II
<Who
and so>, a man righteous, <But now hath gone and> left the fair sunlight And left unfinished <his life's due course>. Alone of men was he <in all blameless>
Once was he
<And
<In
he in worth outdid.
all
<Which
279
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ttTTtts]
fjLV
ox^os OLKercov
cre
Sa/cpuei,
10
.]ov,
TToOrjT'q
fxrjrep,
evvaaov dprjvov,
ere
7T]v9ovs ridrjvov, os
fJi(irr]v
vrjfxaLvef
{jlltov
Motpcuv,
15
ov dvTjTos, ovK aOdvaros' ovhi' 6 Secr/LtcoTT^S' ovh^ av Tvpavvos ^aaLXiK-qv Aap^cov TLjJirjv decTfiovs drpeTTTOvs hia^vyelv ttot (hrjdr]. ^aedovra Tirdv ovk e/cAaua' oV K hicfipcov 20 ovpavov Karenecrev et? ttcSov yaiiqs; a.-n 'ILpixrjs S' o Mata? ovk eKXavaev ov Tralha [MvprtXov '\d7T6 8L<f)pcov'\ KVjjiaaiv (j)opovp,evov]; oi)8' ay QcTLS Tov a<d >evap6v eareveu Tralba OT K ^eXefxvcov dvrJGKe rcov 'AttoAAcovos"; ouS' av ^poTOJv T /cat decov dva^ rravTiov 25 SapTTT^Sdv'' OVK eKXavaev, ovk eKcoKvaev ou8' ay MaKr]Sd)v 6 ^aacXevs 'AXe^avSpos ov TtKrev "Aixpicuv dep^evos els 6(f)LV p,op^y]v
.
.
(Cougny, A.P.
16.
iii.
p. 123.
In Alexandria.)
corrupt. 23. arevapbv lapis. 28. incomplete.
read ov8L
ava^ lapis.
22.
is
25.
ird.vTtiiv
280
ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS
10 all> thy household servants are mourners always wast thou dignified, seeming, Though yet a boy, in intellect man-like. O yearning ^ mother, thy lament cease thou It doth but nurse the grief that hurts idly. For none have yet escaped from the Fates' thread, 16 Nor mortal nor immortal nor pris'ner^ Nor tyrant borne to consequence kingly Has ever thought to flee their laws fixed. Titan did mourn for Phaethon fallen
;
<Aye
And
20 Out of his car from heaven to earth's plain. And Hermes Maea's son his own son wept, Myrtilus, thrown to waves <that his name bear>.^
Thetis lamented tor her son valiant When by Apollo's darts he lay stricken. Aye and the king of all gods and all men
25
Bewailed and lamented Sarpedon. Aye Alexander, Macedon's ruler, Whom Ammon did beget disguised snakewise
^
TvodijTT}
Read
TroOyri.
Cf. Ps.-Call. pp. 290 sqq. for these and following verses. They might actually be by the same writer. ^ I suppose the author to have written something like tpoprjdevTa would Suffice. ^IvpriXov iarpdevr' els (pepdivv^ov Kv/xa.
*
281
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
DIOGENES LAERTIUS
1
(1
Meineke)
Tt Srj yepcov cov Kal (f)dXavdos, to ^ piaTcov, TO Ppeyixa Sto/cas" rjXccp KaTOTrrrjaai T<oc>yap TO depfxov TrXelov 7) Beov t,'qTcov Tov ipvxpov ovTws evpes ov deXcov "AiSrjv.
(Diog. L.
viro
vii. 164 tovtov \6yos (paXaKpov dura iyKavdrivai Tou ijXiov Kal wde Te\evTrj<jai . . . (1).)
2 (2
Meineke)
OvK dpa
p.vdo'5 TjV
eKelvos eiKOLOS
7]X(X)'
TOV TToSa KoXvjX^aJV TrepL7Teip <7TCX)S> Kal yap 6 aepLvos dvrjp, npiv AX(f)6v 7TOT eKnepdv, AXe^lvo^ dv-qoKe vv<y>ls KaXdfxcp.
(Diog. L.
ii.
109
^Treira
jj-ivTot
.
v-rixo/J-evop
. .
ev
rep
'A\<pei(^
(2).)
3 (3
Meineke)
Et
/cat
Kareyvojv tov (f)iXou X^P'^ Kupou, dAAa K.6pLv6os eScKTo (f)LX6^evog, fj av (j)iXrj8(Jbv ovTOJS dplaKTj' KeWi Kal fxiveiv eyvcos.
cf)vyLV
(3).
A.P.
vii.
98
(3) iK
ttjs
'^iXo<r6(pwi'.
vv. 3, 4 Suid,
from A.P.)
6.
wxdeU
corr.
Hermann.
A.P.
4. ? okus.
282
DIOGENES LAERTIUS
DIOGENES LAERTIUS
Why, O
Ariston old and bald-headed, Did'st to the sun to bake give thy noddle ? Withal didst thou, excess of heat seeking. Discover that cool death which thou shunnedst.
(It is said that Ariston, who was bald, was scorched by the sun and so died. Here is an epigram of mine (1). Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Philosophers.)
That witty jest was no mere jest random How an unfortunate wight. In swimming, on a nail his foot pierced
:
See Addenda.)
To exile since thou followedst Cyrus, Yet did Corinth receive thee hospitable
where
both in comfort Thy hfe thou passed'st and wast there buried.
(On Xenophon's death id. Also whence Suidas quotes the last two
in the
Palatine Anthology
verses.)
283
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
4 (om. Meineke)
Ihfxev jSeAo?
o^v
<6vra>
Se
yXvKV
{A.P.
vii.
132.
Not
in
5 (om.
Meineke)
Ou8' i(f)GiUaTO
^S' TraTpr]?,
ov
Trjs
Sroa?, ou%
8a)/x'
ov
rrj? ifjvx'rJ9,
dAA' T^A^e
(Diog. L.
es 'AtSeco.
"Epfxiirxos
184 tovtov iv ry TiiSeiw o-xoXdj'o^TO. (prjaiv dvaiav vwb tujv ixadr)T^v K\i)6rivai' ivda. wpocevfyKafj-evov y\vKvi> &KpaTov Kal iXiyytdaavTa ireixirTaiov aniKdilv A.P. vii. 706.) i^ avOpdiwwv . . (5).
vii.
eirl
.
by Jacobs.
rjs
KpTJ/j.a
corrected
by Boissonade.
5. 3. ovx v^ A.P,'. ovb'
(vitiosissime)
Jacobs
oil TTJs
perhaps rightly.
vdrpas A.P.
284
DIOGENES LAERTIUS
4
Chrysippus had a fit upon gulping A di'ink, and spared not anyone, Nor Stoa, nor his land, noi his OAvn But into Hades passed away.
self,
(Hermippus says that Chrysippus was resting in the he was summoned by his pupils to a sacrifice there he took a liqueur and had a fit and five days later
Odeum when
life
(5).
Diog. L.
285
^ To whom most of the improvements in the text of are due. ^ Trols Poemes grecs du moyen age.
i.
46
287
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
choliambic portions and to these Kroll in his critical notes adds an oracle (which is quite separate) and an account of Darius' appearance when Alexander goes to the Persian camp as his own herald. But, as the verses in 1. 46 show, there is far more. For we have no mere song of Ismenias the flute-player the narrative between his verses and those of Alexander and indeed, though obscuredly, the narrative before is all choliambic. Further, in the fable of the mice and wasps, which I give below in verse for the first time,^ the conclusion is
: :
to;
eiTre^i'
o]
/?a(rtAei'S
and the verses continue. It is clear that for large portions this life of Alexander rests on a chohambic basis and Ave may hazard a guess that the whole is based on an anthology of Alexander's deeds in which the choliambic verses (as far as they extended) occupied pride of place. The only kno^vn poet who AVTote of the fall of Thebes was Soterichus, who hved under Diocletian ; but he seems to have been an epic poet.2 There are difficulties in placing our chohambist later (when the art of the iambus was beginning to be lost), or earher (when Soterichus must have merely copied the theme of the fall of Thebes). But the first appears the less unlikely hj'pothesis. The coincidence of parts of the story
:
far earlier sources is by no means fatal to this. best merely to give Avhat can be found of these verses and leave entirely the question as to when this curious narrative compound of Egj'ptian and
AA-ith
It is
^
^
So with many
other portions.
this subject
introduced into a
288
ANON. AP. PSEUDO-CALLISTHENEM
Aethiopian fable, anecdote, forged letters and choliambic verse, with some traces of sound historians as sources finally took shape. The only certain test of a very late date does not apply to our author, who uses words like the nominative 'AAe^uit^po? in which the accent does not fall on the penultimate.^
^ As the verses have to be picked from various sources use the following signs
:
i. ii.
The reading
of Codex is given without mark. Insertions from codd. dett. are given in round brackets
iii. Insertions or corrections whether conjectural or from the versions are marked < >. When they are from the versions tlie source is given in the crit. app. iv. Where I indicate omissions (. . .), I give the general sense in italics on the English side. Often one or two isolated traces of metre are omitted. Where no traces of metre occur I give a resume in English in italics and round brackets.
289
i.
42. 9
'^'
TTapayiveraL ets
^pvytar
Kal
ctVeA^wi'
oAiv
e^vcrei' "E/cropi
Kat 'A^^tXAei
praecipue tamen Achillem Kat TOis aAAots -qpuxTiv. veneratur ac rogat uti sibi et ipse faveat et dona
quae ferret dignanter admittat haec enim a sese non ut ab externo ac superstitioso verum ut con;
post Nessus ardens excipit domus nomen, Argusque post id, qui potens fuit Xanthi ; ex hoc Arete nobilis genus ducit. 10 Areta natus Priami nomen accepit, Tryinus unde et Eurymachus post ilium, ex quo Lycus fit dives et dehinc Castor. Castore natus est Dromon qui dat Phocum atque hinc suborta est Metrias, quae suscepit 15 Neoptolemei nominis vicem dignam, hie Molossorum cui substitutus Charopus.
;
5. Fieri
codd.
corr.
Mai.
290
i, 42. 9 ^ Alexander arrived in Phrygia and entered the city of Ilium itself and sacrificed to Hector and Most of all he Achilles and the other heroes. honoured Achilles and asked him to favour him and deign to accept the gifts he bore. These he dedicated not as a superstitious stranger, but as a relative and a religious man.
Aeacus son of Jove your race founded, Next Peleus held the Phthian dominion, Whose world-famed progeny you are called Next Pyrrhus vindicates thy blood nobly, And Pielus of equal fame follows.
;
Thereafter Eubius, Pielus' son, reigns. Next glorious Nessus name of thy house boie Thereafter Argus, master of Xanthus, From whom Arete noble her race drew. Priamus was the son of Arete, 10 Tryiniis and Eurymachus next came Whence wealthy Lycus and anon Castor. Dromon was Castor's son and bore Phocus Hence Metrias was born, and her son bore The name Neoptolemeian with full worth ; 15 Charopus, his successor, the kingdom
;
;
All our
Greek
poem.
2g
291
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
regni potitus auctor extitit stirpis nostrae < > eritque viscus inclytum matris. e qua subortus vestro sanguini adnector, quaesoque nomen adseras tuum nobis, bellisque praestes gloriasque subtexus > fructum, velut feracis seminis < quod cuncta late spatia terrae pervadat unaque metis nostra fac Phaethonteis regna explicari mundus adserat cunctus.
20
25
II
(ii.
46. 11;
X^'-P
aihrjpov aifiaTojaaua.
(46a. 3)
'iCT/xTjvtas"
Qr]^aLos,
rrjs
auAo/xeAcoStas'
efnreipos
dvdpOJTTOg,
2
firj
(BaatXev ixeyiare
cfietaaL rjixwv
evreXojv
tolov-
292
ANON. AP. PS.-CALLISTHENEM,
Became
.^
i.-ii.
will
be
his
us be asserted, Given to wars and crowned witli glories For fruit are we of a seed right fertile, A seed to range over the whole wide earth. Grant the whole world declare that our realm be 25 By Phaethontean goals alone bounded.^
cities
The first
it.'
II
Alexander forces
The hand
of
Macedon
tired not
Dipping
in gore its
sword
all
blood-spattered,
(A
certain Ismenias of Thebes, a flute-player, stretched forth his hand and with many tears)
Spare, Alexander of
^
all
V.
was
we can
293
FRAGMENTA CHOIJAMBICA
Tco KLvhvvcp Trjv TToXiv rjfxcov els TeXos a.(^avia'rjs)'
'AXe^avSpe, vvv Treipa jxaOovres to aov {laodeov) Kparos cre^d/xe^a"' 7na)(s ras dvLK'qTOVs p^etpa? Qrj^aicov OLTTo Kayvoia pLTjircos dae^elv Sonets
TO.
auyyevrj
aov.
'Hpa/cAeos',
Aiovvaog,
ovrot
imSo^oTaroL deal Kal TrpoyovtKrjs jjiL^eojg apx^yovov ^Xdarijixa. Aid? re Kal He/xeAry? TTvpcXoxevTOS Alovvoos iv Qrj^ais <eTe-)(Orj>^Oeol Qrj^aLOi>J'
'WpaKXrj'S
<ea7TdpTq>'^-
<7Tapd>^
ovTOi'^
Atd?
re
Kal
^AXKp,-r^vr]5
irdaiv dvdpcoTTOts
<^o7]dol
Kal
ae XPV p-^p-'QcraaOai Kal evepyerelv, K decov yevopevos. pr] VTTepihrjs rds Atovvaov Kal 'HpaKXeovg rpo(f>ovs 0r^^a? dnoXXvpevas p-rihe ro ^ooKriarov darv KaraaKdiJjrjsoveiSos yap varepov Ma/ceSdcrt yevr^aeTai.
rovT<ovs>^
waTTep
<
>
Qrj^aZov
[arat]
5 6
8
p^opeiT^s"
Kal
6taaa)T<r]v>,^
HpaKXea
9
" from aefiofxfda we have only the versions as a check on " Byz. : Karidirnpo.v K. Byz. the readings of cod. A. * ovTOj A. " Arm. (Byz.) ' Byz. : tovtixi A. 6. e.g.
''
294
ii.
3-9
Taught by experience your divine puissance ^ We worship thee keep off from us Thebans Your hands unconquered,
:
you appear in ignorance to wrong your kin. Heracles and Dionysus are the gods of Thebes, most glorious gods and ancestral offspring of earliest union between Zeus and Semele. Dionysus,^ with fire for his midwife, was gotten in Thebes. In Thebes was born Heracles, offspring of Zeus and Alcmene. These appeared to all the world preservers, as helpers and peaceful guardians of safety. (3, 4) And they are your ancestors, Alexander. As you are born of gods, you should imitate these and do good. Do not allow the continuance of the destruction of Thebes which nursed Dionysus and Heracles, nor raze the ox-founded city. For hereafter it will be a reproach to the Macedonians. (5, 6) Do you not know, Alexander, that you are a Theban and not a citizen of Fella ? The whole land of Thebes calls on you wailing and entreats you through my mouth, (7, 8) Thebes that displays your ancestral gods, Lyaeus, god of delight and revel-leader of the dance, and Heracles
lest
all
mankind's helper.
"
7r6Xts
:
6\r)
Byz.
ere
Byz.
Slcl
rip
ep-f/s (puivij';
A.
Num
vofii^ovaa?
Byz.
Xvcrai ovs
A.
-as
A.
295
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
-^'7]
/cat
jJnixrjTrig
rwv
rrpoyovatv
<(f)ai,v6iJLvo? >
opyrjs,
10
<T!pO>'^
TOV
KoXdl^eLV
dfjs
eprjfxovs
11
TOTJS
oe oelpavTas deoTJS,
<daTV>
fxr]
KaOaiprjar^s,
dyvocov KaTaaKaiprj^.
A[X(l)LOJV,
opas
TO.
Teixf]
7TOLp.rjV
OL 'Z,7]v[cl}v]6s vlol,
7)
vv[j.(f)rj
Nu/crecus"
[to.]
depLcXia
raura
rjv
to ttXovgiov 8ai/xa
19
TTvpycoue KaS^os".
<Tr]v>
'
\ppLOvlav
TOJ KXeifjtKOLTT]
TTjv GTjV
QpT^KLOJ
fj.rj
GWeXOoVGa.
aKpiTcog ipr]p.d)Gr)s, fir]<8e> /cara^Ae^T^? TrdvTa Qrj^aioiv tl)(7]. <Trj Aa^8aKov> ^li]GTL ^a]SojpLa<6 > cuSe SuctbaLpLOJV
dpovpav
to
fxev irpajTOV
<d)>8' Koin'q9-q
a/Dt^yLtTJCTa?.
''
av
(paivTj
Byz.
10.
Bjz.
is
-rpeire
ra A.
del. Kroll.
verse
lost
A.
13. eov
lute': Byz.,
Arm.
15. Kroll.
'Koidopos
A;
cf.
Arm.
296
ii.
10-29
10
Desolate not
the gods that begat you.
11
The Nor
city of
tliine
12
own land
in ignorance ruin.
Seest thou yon walls ? they are the walls builded Zethus, poet Amphion, 15 The sons of Zeus, whom at a feast erring The child of Nycteus secretly brought forth. And these foundations here, and the rich house Were built by Cadmus, who to wife took once Harmonia nymph, child of foam-born Cypris, 20 By union with ravisher Thracian. Lay not thine own demesne thus unjudged waste Nor burn down all the walls of us Thebans. This is the house of Labdacus here took 25 A wife the ill-starred Laius here bore
By shepherd
Oedipus patricide
his
poor mother.
:
it was erstwhile Amphitiyon's house here on a time Zeus slept Three nights which he did turn to one only.
:
Hi. Miill.,
Arm.
^re^ei-
A.
17.
Arm.
ooy/xa
Arm.:
'A.
xpoJ'otsA.
corr. Kroll.
/.(.j;
IS.
:
Byz.,
Arm.
A.
A.
ex Byz. TrpoaeTrvpycoae
7rt''p70S /cat
woe
Arm.
A:
i21.
KXe^poKVTei dprjaKfiif
re A. A, which gives one verse 27. Kroll. 26. -i/-- A. suppl. et corr. ex Byz., Arm. o8e A. A/j.^uktvouos A, Bj'z. -*r\fos A. 28. Arm. 29. ei's fxiav dOpoiaas A dpLf)/j.rj(ras Arm., Byz.
24. 7r\a7ioi'
:
tlktl
'
ri di
297
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
opas eKeivovs rovs Tie^Aey/xeVous' oIkovs 30 eV K<aTdl,>ovTas ovpavov iJ,'f]v<L>v; iK<L> Kepavvcp rrjv TTodovpLvr]v ^aXXei HefxeXrjv irod^ 6 Zeu?* <<jj>Se tov rrvpog iJ,ea<(T>ov Tov ^Lpa(f)L(joTrjv oLTTeKvrjcre <ArivaLov>. <a)>8' 'HpaKXrjs fxe/x-qvev evdev OLarprjOeig 35 Meyapar dvelXev rrjv yvvaiKa ro^evaas. 6 ^copios ovTog eariv ov ^AeVet? "Hpas",
OLKfjirjv
<fl
vO^ 'HpaKXrj^ Kidcjvi adpKa haphdirrajv KarrjdaXwOrj X^P'^'- '^fj^ ^lXoktt]tov <8ovs TO^a ^a(f)9vd at/xart SpaKovreico > ravT earl Oot^Sou Xoyia, Teipeatov Sai/xa* o Tpiayepcov <iv Tola8e > ytveTai p.dvTLg ov CLS yvvaLKa pieTeTV7Ta>a< > TpiTa)v<LS>'
,
40
45
A6dp,a<s >
piaveis
TuSeus"
'^9
irrcovvpios Kp'qvr]>
:
31.
Arm.
A.
X. T.
is
-t]i' A /jlt/vlv Arm., By z. Byz.:-ra^-A. 33. eVe? KepavuS KroU -vov A. k A. 33. ooe A. /x. r. ir. Xijvalov Bvz., Arm. 34. Tipa- A, Bvz. \ive6xv''' A.
:
35. 6'5eA.
(3.
Byz. fere
e.g.
HPHC
HITIC.
A
cf.
verse
missing",
fidOpoicnf
5ap56.TrTiv
v\pri\olai
x^P'? iSpwas:
Arm.
corr.
Maas.
41.
Kad-r)\iidri
A:
298
A:
42. supplevi e.g. ex Arm. 44. ev oh Byz. Arm. vevpov A. 49. XvacroTrji' A:
ii.
30-52
30
burnt houses,
That even now do heaven's wrath ooze out ? ^ There Semele beloved did Zeus once With levin smite and in the fire's own midst Th' Eiraphiot Lenaean from thigh brought forth. 35 Here was to madness Heracles goaded
;
And Megara his wife slew with arrow. This altar that thou see'st is of Hera, Where the hill's ancient sod is by man cut With lofty steps apart Heracles here. In anguish of the shirt his flesh burning, Was burnt on pyre unto Philoctetes His arrows steeped in dragon's blood leaving. See here is Phoebus' pulpit three ages Teiresias living in this house outlived
: : ;
40
changed to woman his manhood. Here Athamas went mad and Leiarchus His child did shoot with bow a deer deeming.
Tritonis
45
Hence Ino leapt into the sea's depths down With Melicertes her young child frenzied. Hence Oedipus was driven, at Creon's
lame his staff', <Did Tydeus slay from
Behest,
all
:
50
his
Ismene,^
this
whom
spring gat
Alexander'
name>
^
vv. 14 sqq.
may
be older.
Not once
useful padding in this metre introduced. The sack is only mentioned in 22 and 23. The diction is not so late,
the style high-faluting instead of prosaic, the catalogue straightforward, and the metre excellent. But it is verj' poor stuff. Midsummer-NlgliVs Dreain provides an easy
is
'
model
"
for translation.
'la/urjuri
7)1'
dvai.pel
Tvdevs ewl
Kp-qv7]s
Kol
'I<rfji.r]vr]
K\r]6rj.
I.
T. V. r.
M.
0VTU3
A.
51. ra.yis,
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ovros <6^ > 6 TTorayLOs eV fxeaov \\idaipa)v<o >s
lafjirjvo^
eGTL BaK:;^tov
(f)epa)v
vBcop.
iXoLT-qv
opag KXaBoiGLV
vijjoa'
o.pOelaav;
;\;opous'
55 KaroTTTevcov
i^ 7]^ jSoos" fjLrjK-qpLa 8eLv6v rj^elraL; tout' iarlv al[xa T<rjs> aeavppievrjs ^tpKYj^. 60 opag KLvrjv <v >ardrrjv aKpcopetav rrjv i^exovaav rrjs aTapiTLTov <r >avTrjs 20iy^ eV avTTjs et,ed^ rj rpa(jr<e>ia 7} TTpoarayjJLa TTpocrrdrrovaa h'r]pi<6>Tais Trdaiv rjv OISlttovs avelXe ttoXXo. ixepptripas 65 avTiq Oeojv TTrjyij 'gtl /cat lepd Kprjvq,
i^
els
-^S
<Tav>Ta At^aSt' " Apr e puts KareXdovaa ^aihpvv<> ;^paiTas"* o he hvaayvo's AKraicov 70 d pLTj depots Karelhe Xovrpd <A'qr >a)ag.
KV<G>lv <6p> as
awp^a XovTpov rjypevOrj. Lv' "Aprjs e7ToXep,rjGe rds QrjBas, evdd WoXvveiKiqs 'y]p^.v 'Apyeiov X<'qov>, 74 GrpduTtov Xo^o-yos <e77Ta> d<o >upia)v X6yx'f]<? > evravOa Ka[/x]77aveus" irapd to x^^^os e^Xexdrj, Tas p-ev TTvXas KaXovGi <Tau >Tas 'HAe/crpas'.
</xeT>aAAayeis"
<(x}
>p,o8[L]airoig Stct to
Trorafi. Kroll. els /meffov and -vcoi 53. ovTU airoTOfxos 54. -eoi> <ppo:' corr. id. 55. els vipos : corr. Miill. dp. k\. a. 56. Ti5e A. corr. 57. rfj -ay and -xois Mull. 58. rriu 'Ayrjvopos A: iryyrjv opas Miill. (Arm., Byz.) e/jLoxdov A: ai/xaToev Arm.: at/xa xP'^'^'^' '^'''^- Byz.: ita Kroll. 62. aaTdpwrf tov CO. Ti A. 61. Miill.: v cm. A. ai'r^s ravT-qs Sitzler. corr. Mviller, Arm. : 64-. -liirais A. 63. el<T<pr]^ A: corr. Miill., Arm.
:
300
ii.
53-77
eke Ismenus from mid Cithaeron In his stream bearing Bacchian water. 55 Dost see that fir with branches aloft borne ? Thence Pentheus Dionysus' rites witnessed Whom did his mother tear apart sadly. Dost see the fount whose waters are bloody And echo up a dreadful bull's bellow ? 60 This is the blood of Dirce, by bull dragg'd. Dost see that ridge upon the horizon That juts from out the path of man trodden ? Upon it sat the Sphinx, that great marvel, And bade the townsfolk all do her bidding, 65 Till she was slain by Oedipus crafty. This is the Gods' Well and the spring sacred From which do silver nymphs gush out water. Unto these pools did Artemis climb down To wash her body impious Actaeon 70 Saw the Letoan's bath that none may see. His form uncouthly to a stag's changed, Slain by his ravening hounds he paid deai'ly.^ See'st thou, w^hen Ares fought 'gainst Thebes' city, Where Polynices led the host Argive, 75 Gleaming of seven spear hosts commander ? There Capaneus was burnt at wall's coping. Where are the gates men call the Electrae.
;
Ota TO XovTpbf
'
dae^eiai',
needed.
5i'
Miill.
TraiSes
'ivda
A.
66. w. 6. iari A: corr. Miill., Arm. 70. Arm. 69. Byz. -ai A. 67. -era A, 72. Kvpiv A: corr. 71. ins. Kroll: -a777sA. bjxohi73. iv nd.aiv corr. Sitzler ex Arm. (Byz.). 75. Byz. 74. \fws Arm. -7/1' A. be vXoKopas corr. Miill., 77. Kroll.
A:
Kroll.
301
FRAGMENT A CHOLIAMBICA
TTvXaig 8e ravrais UpoLTiaiv
'
Afj.(f)idpaoi> ;^at<j/>oi'CTa
SX<vvrai> yala.
eVeae <Se> ^-qiaraiai irapa vvXaig <TavTai> YlapdevoTralos' 6 8' 'OpLoXcoLcrtv yai<a)v>
7TvXaia<L>
<(f)evyi,
S'
ddv<o>vra
[t]]
Stc6<pt>cr'[a]
pie<l>a\y\y
avrat Av<ai>ov rod (f)LXevLov Qfj^at au<A>at ne^VKav a? 7T<eKT >La AlacoTTO),
<
as"
90
> Ola > BaKXiovs < <vvv> KeXevei? e/c ^dOpojv avaipelaOai. opag av arjKov 'Hpa/cAeofS' 7Tupo<s piear6v>; rov aov yv[\dpxov koL rrarpog (f)LX<av9p(i) >7tov 95 TCfievrj aavT6<v > dyvoojv deXeis (fiXl^ai. ri Tovs yov<'fj>ag rovg reKovras v^pi^eig, 'HpaKXeovs yevos <t> /cat kXvtov BdKxov ^laixTjvlas [xev LKereuae Toa<<7>avra TTcacov Ttapd ttoctI ^aaiXeco? ^AXe^dvhpov.
-res A: 78. irpocTTidflffaii irifuv corr. Miiller, Kroll. Kroll: Sexoioire corr. Miill. 79. Arm.: xatp- A. -pe A. 80. -eixiv A., 81. Trats Arm. : toj' A. A. elwev re A. Si eir' : di/aipeiArm. 82. e7re(re Arm. Si^laraiffL Arm. : KiSlaTecnv A. 83. Arm. : suppl. Sitzler. ore f]v ix6\t]v A. yairjs 84. Arm. : cf. dappQv Arm. eaiv A, k\. a. Arm. 85. supplevi e Bj^z., Arm. 86. 87. -^e A. e.g. evTavda. Tro\us AfTLyovrj irapa, yvibfnjv.
:
'
302
>
ii.
78-P9
78
80
felled.
85 Adrastus fled these are the gates seventh. <Here notwithstanding the townsfolk's bidding, Antigone, unwedded maid Theban, The leader of the Argive host buried, <And with her love in living tomb perished>. 90 These Thebes upon Asopus are founded Courts of Lyaeus that doth love Evoe,' 91a <That> Bacchic <revelry once supported> Which now to be uprooted thou biddest. Dost see the shrine of Heracles song-famed ?
'
Homes of thine ancestor and sire, lover Of all mankind, would'st burn ? Thyself know'st
Why
not ? dost insult thy parents, thy fathers, Scion of Heracles and famed Bacchus ? Ismenias did supplicate thuswise Falling at feet of King Alexander.
95
1 I translate KXrjdpLj and what the suggests, Trals Meyaadevovs for slayer of I find no warrant for either guess.
88. Xtcrerei'o-ai A. From corr. Miill. : -evra and \av89. see this verse to end of speech we have only A. corr. Kroll. : 90. Avtov tov <pL\^a vios ws ov translation. corr. Miill. iaunrw : 92. (jvA: 91. ai'rat A. 94. a evycveapxov A. 93. Trvpovfj-evov A. corr. Kroll.
<l>tXi7r7roi'absurde
A.
'A.
(3.
97.
'Icr^u.
Up. yev.
A:
corr. Miill.
ir.
fJ-^v
kirtaev v.
303
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
o Se
/cat
WaKeSajv
Tipos
Tous oSovras
rots'
100
TTayKaKLGTKov > iKXox^vjjia KaS/xetctJV', TTayKaKLGTOV [,a)OV, <d> > deols puGOS,
hripL<o>v ^XdGTTjpa ^ap^dpov pL^r^g,
rrj^
Itt'
105
^\Gprp>i]
g<v>
Aeli/javov Xvn-qg,
>,
<
pvOovg AXe^av8pov;
110
>,
yap TrpoG^TraGav
<
TTVpl T(f)pCOGCJL)
yap gv TraGav
rjv
rrjV
GTTopdv
<e>yLvajGK.\i\'s
[/cat]
OVK
firj
AXe^avSpog, KaraGTcopev
120
<d>(x)p,v
Tjpiels
TToXtrai, Gvyyevels
Sof
OT<> 8
Tore
et?
p.dx'QS
KarrjG)(vvdrj,
SerjGts dyvcopicov,
125
100. Krollr:
-iTTecji'
av.
A.
103.
Arm.
tuiv KaKiaruiv
Byz.).
304
ANON. AP. PS.-CALLISTHENEM,
The
latter
ii.
100-125
100
gave at him a glance savage, gnashing upper teeth upon lower Spake out as follows his irate answer Most evilly begotten of Thebans Of heaven's hate object Most evil beast Of root barbarian a growth common Last relic of the woe of Ismene <0 dotard of blind mind and of blind eyes> With barrister-like cunning of false tales Didst thou expect to cheat Alexander ? Suppose that I destroy the whole city And burn to ashes <all the walls Theban> And raze you all to earth with your township, How do I then root out my forefathers ? If thou hadst known of my descent truly Whence I was born and who they were gat me, Should'st not have told the Thebans as follows Since Alexander is our own kinsman, Let us not go to war 'gainst our fellow Let 's make him general, be his allies Kin are we, fellow-citizens are we. To us the honour of the branch eldest If Macedonians join with us Thebans.' Now when you 've shown no spirit in combat. And all your boast of battle disgraced lies,
And
105
107
10
115
?
120
Now you
A.
110. ev
125
107. Arm. 106. -vtiaL A. see transl. recte Arm. (Byz.). 111. om. A, Arm., Byz. iravra 0?7/3atwi' rdxv113. rv/c A, Byz. cett. e.g. Byz.: (TV aov y. T. <T. TT. A. yoveuv A. I M-. 115. -era A. 116. -TT- A. 118. TrapaTaxf^'^fJ^ei' Byz. i
11!).
o<2fii'
-iav
A.
122.
eai:
A.
I.
123.
-a.vTwv to
TjVTovqaaTe
.
Raabe ex Arm.
Muller.
305
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
<o'l, ii-q
126
dAA' ov8e 07]^atot[et]CTtv oi)Se ct<oi> ijpKrj^LS >, KaKiara <e^' vix5.^> rod reXovs Keir >\d6vTos
[/cai] ^lapi-qvLav
Qrj^a? <fiev> avT<a>g <avr66v> KaracfiXe^o). <S>e rov Kpartarov avXrjrrjv 130
[ere]
ovroi
/ceAeuco hihvpiKoyv
opydvcov
rj^^o?
^OLa>rLd<l^L>v
KTrjv 6 >
dXcvaiv avXrjaai.
<ovra)>[s eiTTcbv eY KeXevae rols orpdroLs KaraaKdlTTiLV eTTrdirvXa TeLX^] Kal TToXiafjia Qrj^aLcov. 135
TrdXiv
<K.i,d >atp(l)v
eTrexopeve Qrj^aiOLS'
alfiocfivpTos
Icr/x7jp'[t]os'
avrog
<ep>pevG<e'
^e^XrjTO
Kai TroXiaiJia Qrj^atcov. 139 Kal TTaaa ydla Tat? a^ayals KOTTCodelaa, Kara<p>pi,(f>evra)v hcop-dTcov 7roXvK<X>avaTa)v,
Ti-)(r]
^api)
lafjLrjvlas
rjv
t',> dir e<ha(j>>cov e/xuKraro. Se BlSv^iov opydvcov rjx^^ dpfxoadpievo'S , r<Gi>v <e>pet7TL<a)>v ecrraJs"
a<T>vova<a
<fj>7Tep eKeXevaev 6
Trel
MaKe8d)v
AXe^avSpos.
145
Se "^^^XV
Sa>/xa,
'^'^^'^^
7TL7TT<e> KaS/xetoiv
Kal fieXadpa
els
<iJiovvr]v>,
126, 126 a. iniuria desperat Kroll: ita Arm., nisi quod 5vva/xt; (jiixppovovi'Tfs et rifiouXeade ttjv db^av vertit' llaabe fxivT) {TwexovTcov dvaiprjaai 6ti ou di'ifaade wp. fi. 'AXe^di'dpu} vpwro avfji(pipei : A. 127. Arm. : <rv A. avdivros A: i\d. Arm. 128. Byz. sive vfuv kclk. Byz. exL(pa.vevTO'i Arm. 129. di ixkv Byz., Arm. : 6s A. Kroll e Byz. (eK pi'^C^v): Arm. ev Tavrri ry iopa.
:
306
ii.
126-148
since before you could not choose rightly, 126 126a Imagined you could fight Alexander. But neither do the Thebans, nor dost thou Avail and now the evil end cometh, When I will burn the town of Thebes wholesale.
:
And
bid Ismenias,
'
best flute-player,'
130
Standing upon the half-consumed houses. The double harmony of pipes <pouring> Boeotian-wise ^ to play the town's sacking. Thus did he bid his hosts to earth raze down 135 The seven-gated walls and fort Theban. Once more Cithaeron raved and Ismenus With stream of blood did rush on Thebes' city. Fallen the Mails and fort of the Thebans. And all the earth was by the spade harassed. As were cast down the houses much wept for, 140 And bellowed from its very foundations. Ismenias stood there on the ruins. The harmony of his twin pipes fitting, Where he was bidden by Alexander. 145 But as fell all the walls of the Thebans, And Lycus' halls and Labdacus' mansion.
In pious mem'ry of his young training The house of Pindar did he spare only,
1 The Boeotian f6/j.os an unhappy ending.
liere
131. Arm. Arm., Byz. icaKiffToi' A. 133. 8vo tl ava\. Byz. -ojv A, Arm. 134. Byz. A recte Arm., Byz. sive \^onhTl.ov x^'^^137. Byz.: eVe? x^'owi' A. ai'Tov X. 1.36. Arm., Byz. 140. cf. Arm. pevcras A. "Icr/xTjj'ias Arm., -vlq^ A. 142. T-qs ix-qvias aireXOuiv A. yevovs A. 141. Arm.
130.
:
o-e
tV
-If
A. A.
13'2.
d)s
: 144. oirep 143. top riplinov cor r. Miill. 146. Aaji. Arm. 145. -ov corr. Miill. codd. dett. ibid. 148. codd. dett. i. 27 (Arm. ivvpev).
:
corr. Miill.
Arm.
:
ixbv7]v
Karava
TVfx'fiov,
Arm.
2 u
irvpyov
fort, okias
-rri'ipyov
307
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
v<6^ > 7]A^e 77at9 CUV Kal [xereax^ rals MouCTat? Trpos" Tov Xvp<co>S6v Tov yepovra (^otrT^cra?. 150
TToXXovg ixev avhpas Trepl irdrpav Karaa^d^as oXiyovs KareXLTTC iravreXajs ^tl l,aJVTas, Kal TOVVo<ix>^ avrwv tov yevovs drnqXenpev.
Qrj^ag yap
elire
pit]
<tlv^>
ert
<K>aXeLv Qi^^as
dXX
avTCov rrjv ttoXlv yv[v]r]6rjvai, 155 cos <ov >\'opi<rj>vaL tov toloutov dvdpojTTOv.
clttoXlv
(ii.
14. 5.)
^co<6ev> eVt X6(f>ov {yap) rjv o Aapetos" (Td(f)povs) opvaaojv Kal (j>dXayya\s] (Jw-daacov he<ei> [tcov] Ma/ceSovcuv <ov pL6i'ovaav> [a*?]
vapiLvqv.
6 8e <tot'> ddp-qaas to ttoXv ^au/^a Aapeiov Trap' oXiyov a^Tov TrpoaeKvvrjaev d)s ^Udpav Oeov vop,L^wv ovpavov KaTeXdovTa
Tolg ^ap^dpois TreTrXoiaiv eyKoapcrjOevTa.
-qv
160
ToJv tvttcov to
7Tpocr;^7yyLta
<dvrjp /xeCT7jAt^>*
I-i9. fvd^: iv
ifi
<Kal> Xidoi
Trais ihv
TToXv^Tip-oi^
ireaicv
165
A.
Arm.
A.
/xr]h(Ti
A.
recte
153.
Arm.:
vel
:
Arm.
KaKelf.
A.
u>? ivvoiJ.ov
.
154.
ehai
Fuit
OS U.V dvof^Tivrj
rts
-ifvaL.
A:
varies in
158. Byz. : ratpoxis cod. VTroTdaawv A. BaroCC. 20: crrpdroi'S cett. 159. u)s 5f 6 A. avveia/j.rjvi.odif {i.e. <popv) recto propius 160. Arm. Byz. : Kal (po^uj avaTeWbixtvos TroXXcp tuv jNI. 161. Beov WiOpav Mt^p. cm. cett. : Hie demum usque ad (rJiua Aapet'oi' choliambos agnovit Kroll. 163. aTo\ah
A, B, C
yap C.
308
ii.
149-165
as a boy he went to learn music His master the old lyrical poet.^ Many he slew around their o^vTl city, And very few indeed he left living, The very name of all their race rubbed out. He bade that Thebes should be on no man's And that their city should be no city, When anyone should speak of such fellows.
150
lips,
155
till ii.
13,
when Alexander
in this
is
in Persia.
and much
else,
was
guise
13-14. 5 Alexander sees a vision of Ammon in of Hermes with rvcuid and cloak (ajid staff) and Macedonian felt hat and is told to proceed in this disguise as his own herald. He crosses the frozen Strangas and tells the outposts of his errand. They take him to
(ii.
Darius.)
Apart upon a
hill
sat Darius
157
ditches digging, and his hosts training That feared the Macedonian combat. When he saw Darius, that wonder, He very nearly worshipped him Mithras He thought to see from heaven descended.
;
Deep
160
Adorned with barbarian raiment For holy was the monarch's appearance. He was of middle age. With stones precious
^
165
Comment
is
perhaps superfluous.
avrov A.
fin.
e\-
163. Byz.
Xidoju
TroXvTi/uiui'
dett.
300
'
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
StaSTj/Ltaros' [to]
ireTrXco S'
ixpfjTO
Kal
TieSiAa
[^(pvaeojv]
(f)OiVLK<d>,
169
avrov
/cat
tJtttovto'
kvkXoj Trepi-
XoxayeraL
<'8e> p.vpioL<OL>
KrjpvKOJV
171
{(JKrjTTTpOLULv)
AXe^avhpog,
<Karp-xodaL>
p.r]
174
175
KTTore
8e
avvdiTTeL^
rdv
TToXepiOv >,
{avay178
yetAot").
ov
firj
{jie]
rapd^rjg
[rot?
<.
[toJ
avvrjdeg
CT^ai,
180
(8et77;^ov
iiToiiqae
jjloi.
rols
/cat)
181
5. a.
TO
K.
ioKiTTev
tpopQi' cett.
167.
168.
170. aKijirTpov A.
:
dW'olX.A.
174. eyu} aoi
A
:
aKfiTrrpa
(and
cricprj)
onines
tls
oni.
A.
175.
310
ii.
166-181
robe he wore, the other had ne'er seen Its hke, of Babylonian gold lace Necklets of gold he wore and shoes crimson Cov'ring his neck and calves of his two legs.
:
A A
diadem
bis
170
Golden lamps were alight above him, and larger lamps shone at his feet and around him.
While generals with countless heraldic Sceptres arrayed on this and on that side Circled around the form of Dareius.
(^Alexander
is
171
brought
to
Darius and
delivers
his
message
174 175
were^ Alexander, king who is sloth to enter the combat, At once is shown to have a weak spirit
I tell thee, as I
And
cowardliness of heart.
to
Without halting
open.
:
Announce
178
179
Thou shalt not trouble me. But, since dinner Must be prepared as usual for heralds,
for so did
180
my envoys,
181
He
Aapeu
otl /3p.
e.
/j..
/3.
irp. e. ti2
dvTi8iK(p
recte. 176. dadefTJ ^x'^'' '^V>' A. 177. KKT7iij.fvos Byz. : Kai (LvcLvopov Arm.: SeiA- and fiaXdaK178. init. Byz. (exc. 5e): codd. dett. dXXd avdyByz. y(i\dv /jLOi TToTe pov^rj crvva^paL . . . 180. to a. 8. Toh dy. :
T(^
di'TiS.
om. Byz.
sim. Byz.
181.
rfjs 8. x-
A.
311
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
[^elcrJTJveyKev
eiaoj >
eV KO-phia ro
KpaTTjaKeLV > raJv rvpavvLKoJv <opa)V>. 6 8e <ovv> e[t]creA^ajv et's" ra fxeXaOpa Aapeiov 186 Kal tcTTt''' To[v] SetTTJ^oi^ evdecos iKTqpv)(Orj.
8'
vpaJTog
avco kXlvttjpos
a8eA(/)09 t7v
'^v
6 AapLO<s>,
hevTepog 8e
<'A>8oy<A>tT7j9'' o
<.
.
eVt
Soucttjs',^
Kat
>
189
190
eir'
TjV >
vvKrlxpojos
tMeVooTTOS'''",'*
rjyepiojv
,
191
KaphepwKer-qg HovX-
Toia<L> 8' dvTLKpvs dvKLTO pLO<v>vos avTog eTTL pud's kXlvtjs 6 TrdvT^ dpiGTOS 6 Ma/ceScuv <'AAe^ai'8pos'>.
eh. 15
192 194
183. 182. Bvz. (except for ecToj) (vBov t.^i' fiaaiXduif A. oetottwu Byz. 184. -rj^vs A. better Kiffji/ of> {KaXov). ovv inserul. 185. cnroTil-v absurde Arm. : tou rvpavvov vlkQiv A. -ov 187. Arm., Byz. 186. e.g. wpoi (tt/icDtos codd. dett.).
: : :
312
n. 182-194.
That he would take the tyrant's throne right soon. So to Darius' halls did he enter 185 And even unto dinner was summoned. Now first on couch aloft lay Darius, 187
second came Oxyathres brother of Darius,
sati*ap,
188
And And
189
190
.>,
And
191
over Against them lay alone on one divan Hero of Macedon Alexander.
192
194
that a drop
(The Persians marvelled at his small sice, not kno)ving of heavenly soul resides in a small vessel.
the cupbearers plied the cup freely.)
188. Byz.
:
:
Now
A.
5e c&xos Kroll --qaav A. A. Arm. (k iriaa- A. Byz. 'Ac5- Arm. Here and elsewhere the forms differ in our three authorities between whom I choose all miss the description of Ph. * Per190. To^wf tlov a. 189. (TvvavK\. post (KTO's A. haps 6 vvKTLXpu^os irals MfpoTros 6 KavdavXyj^. 191. ey e.g. 5eti'c3s. yiara A. 193. av. /x. av. A. 194. 'AX. Byz.
:
" dovplrrji
-Xirifs
**
'^
313
>
FRAGMEXTA CHOLIAMBICA
ixeadaavros Se rod ttotov eTTLVoel tl 6 'AAefavSpo?'
(oaov? aKV(f)ovs
<yap>
e'AajS
eaojdev
eKpv<7T195
T>ev
ol Se
TTLveyxvraLj ^Xeirovre^ eve^avitov Aapeicp. 6 Se Aapetos" e'/c rod KXivrrjpog dvaarag elTrev d> yevvale
Trpos"
ri rayr' eyKoXTrit^rj];
197
(voTjCTa? Se
ipvxrjs
ovrci}
<rrjv p.a>piav>'^
fieyiare ^aaiXev,
<ydp>
(o ip.6s SeoTTorrjs
ttoljj
^AXe^avSpos
Kal
198
VTrep-
ordv
SeiTTvov
rot?
ra^idp)(aLs
aaTTiarals)
rd kvttgW^ <v
Kal) ojg TTapd roj
Trpos
199
200
. . .
^aaiXel iveKoXTnadfxrjv
ravra dvhpov
'
.jOpdJvre?
Kirdvres rjoav Kdafx^oL>' rrXaards iydp) del pivdo? <rj>v {c}x'l} Trianv
{r7]v
TTLdavorr^ra)
(els
[.
.
eKaraaiv)
.]
TrerroL-qKe
aiyrjs
yevopLevr]s
avrov
ovop-aWC] {Ylaodpyrjs) ,
CTtSo?"
195. eKpv^e
irivov(r<.iy).
[.
.]
-qyefidw yrjs
Uep-
A.
"
Arm.
199. evanrrivois
{I.e. ev '(olycn
dum.
:
codd. dett. ttj tt. Arm., Byz. 204. Better e'ficrrdi'at axr) A.
201, [oi Ilepcrai d0] delen202. iridavoTrp-i (misplaced) Bjz. {aw-). 203. eav codd. TTfi^iTce. 205. ]: ttoAX^s
[
314
ii.
195-206
As the cups came to him, in his bosom He hid them which was shown to Darius.
:
195
196
sir,
'
Good
Why
'
197
Alexander, diagnosing from his appearance the folly of his soul, said, O most mighty King,
My
if
master even
a
so,
Alexander,^
to
his
198
he gives colonels
feast
Gives them the cups whereof they have drunken And I supposed you had the same custom, 200
in
my bosom
as I
would at
this
Wherefore they when they saw the persuasion Of Alexander's words were astonished. For ever lying tale if it wins faith
Drives to bewildei-ment all its hearers. Silence ensuing, one, the embassy's Chief leader, called Pasarges, remarked him.
^
205
Om.
8.
r.
t.
Kal
v.
woirj.
our difficulties by reading eKeli'OLs for vaLTrr]uoLs. What A copied badly was eV olai Trbovai and the original ])erhaps KvweW ei> olaiv hv iriwai. See also
^
to
crit. n.
ovv
[
codd.
\: OS
17?
A.
yei'o/j.euoi.
206.
f)v
315
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
jjSei
TTpoacorrov, ls
vtto]
YleXXrjv
TjULKa
TO TTpoarov TjXOelv
Aapei<a)> Tre/x^^etV
210
eavrov
e'Aeyev,
211
<ye>* Set
[xe
e/c
212
Kal
Karavo'qaas
aa(f)aXa)S'
rj (ficovrj yap avrov rjXey^e TrAam tvttos /xe>-
<et /cat
(ttoAAoi
yap
di'dpcovot,
rfj
.
(f)a)vfj
.
ywojaKovraL Kav
iv
OKorei
8tdya)cnv).
TrapavaKXidels Se rco
Aapet'o) 61776*
[fieyLarej
(fiaaiXev <t> /cat Svvdara <IlpcrLKrjs> ^ivpas) OVTOS <y > o TTpea^evg avTOS ecrT'[tv] ^AXe^avhpos
(o 77aAat OtAt77770l'
<yv6[XVOS> dpL(TTVOJv)
217
o 8e
AXe^avhpos
([TOt']
vtto
oJ^'Ui^e
Trjv 686v SievOvvcov)' 218 gkotos /car' 0<v>Xvp.7Tov)KTrXeZoTOL 8' 6^' "iTTTTCxJV pdp^apoL hidyKOVTes > 220 <^AXe^avhpov>' <tcr;)(i;cra' ou8er KaTaXa^iv>
77a;Aoi'
(/cat
jLtev
(o
WeWrjv ttj'S M. virb 207-8. order iiviKa rfydev ds . Sapeiov v. 209. Better airaLTqawv, 210. SO codd. 212. dacpaXuis (ttl A. 213. ^ariu Barocc. 20 (fTioras ^<ttt]). yap? 214. ita fere Byz. sim. codd. dett. 215. wdarjs
:
316
ii.
207-222
by
his face
He came
Demanding Macedonian
He
210
'Tis he.
well.
it is
211 212
And
Certainly
he
Even
by
if
213 214
in the dark are recognized (Pasarges then concluding certainly that he was Alexander himself) lay down beside Darius
and
all
Persia,
215
none but
Philip's son
Alexander
And with God's aid 217 He spurred his colt and held on a straight course.
The night was deep, and dark was Olympus. And many following him on horseback
Entirely failed to catch Alexander. For he held out, unto himself shining,
220
B:
ITepff.
Byz.
y.
j3.
Mox
219.
yfiv
yap
ji.
A.
I'tt.
5e TovTov
5. fitO'
217. yeyovt:^ B (num TtDi/ 761/0)^!?) 218. 5(. ti)v 6. avT(^ B ; cf. Byz. ttX. "OX. C, Byz. 220. Byz. Kar. ovk icx- sim. B. 222. C, Arm.
:
irevKrjv
A, Arm.
317
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
XafXTT<a>v> eavTO), (cf)co<s> CLTreipov efiTrpoadev)(rjv 8 cooTTep daTrjp <tojv ev> ovpavco (^aiSpd?
Hovos T
OL S
Icjv LS
ovSev
rj-yelLTo]
Se
Aapetos"
avve(f)opd^eTO
['^'-Y'
rod
KXivrrjpos
Kadet,6ixvos' iOeoLGaro Se
i^ai(j)vrjs
Kp-qyv6v Tt OT^fxelov
227
KaT7Ta<v >
TjVTTep
Aapetos'.
229
firjBev
TTorapLOS
/cat
bvvdpevoL rijjv tottcov d7TaTr]aav, 230 yap ovros Trdaiv iariv aTrXevaros. 231
Aapetoj
e'Aeyoi^
OL
[j.ev
TO
ch. 10
vrv-)(rjpJ'
'AXe^dvSpov.
232
233
KaOwnXia') iv p,a<oig> earcos OTTOios <6> Zeu? [] Saipovag SiaKpu'cvv. 235 icai Trdvras [tou? i avrou <tovs aTpaTOVS>
apidpLT^aas
236
;^tAtaSas'
(evpev
CTxas"
rov dpidpuov
60'
vip-qXov
tottov
<77ap' rjpiv
>)
223. KaTe\a/j.Trv A. (pwr B, which places this after next verse. 224. f't codd. dett. 225. afvcov ttjp boov fxavos C : aviihu B. /cat ot ixev 5iu3K0VTe% 226. y) QT iv [7"w] (T\dTet Byz. els 6 fiepos ervxav (Sit^jKoV 6 ij.iv yap ol ot eis tcls {fidpayyas
: :
318
ii.
223-237
And was
Lone
as
Who perished in the dells, as chance led them. 226 Now Darius bemoaned his fate, seated on his divan
where he
Saw suddenly a trustworthy omen. The roof cracked and a picture of Xerxes, By King Darius treasured much, fell down.
(Alexander escapes over the river Just before
the Persians arrive too late and)
it
227 229
tharvs
:
Retreating from the riverside baffled, (For this is an impassable river) Of Alexander's luck told Darius.
(Alexander next day)
230
232
233 Full early did assemble his hosts all, Armed them and called by name, in midst standing, 23.'5 Like Zeus the heavenly deities counting. 236 And having counted up all his soldiers
He
stood on a high
hill,
237
eiVtbc
"
del. Kroll.
228.
Arm.
''
There 229. -va A. A. Kar. 5l. A. are only isolated traces of verses in Alexander's escape
yap
e^io
across the river, e.ff. t6v 5' 'AX^^avdpov ipptipev' eppvad-q <5e> 230. dw. tCiv t.' b yap ir. ov. d. e. ir. A. 7^s iirl (TTeppds. 233. (jvv. T. a. 2.S4. eKeXevaev i. 6. Kadon\L<yOrjvaL C, Arm. e.(/. 235. Toi>s ovpavlovs A, ip ovpavip Arm. fiiaui A. B 2.37. A in false place 5(5 f^riKovra x'^'aoas tvpfv.
"^
ei
Hal
j3.
6 d.
dXXd
(pp.
peydXrj
Trap'
'i)i~uv
kt\.
319
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
aAAa
(f)p6vrjaLg iieydXrj [Trap' rjfilv]
/cat
dpaaog Kal
VTTep
rjixCJv
rjficov
238 239
Tt Xoyia-qrai
<
TrXrjdos-
>
decopojv
TO
</xeya>
^ap^dpcov
240
els yo-p
Tt? e^ r^fxojv
troi
fj.rjSels
vcD
TToAAat
yap
<
<
>
fxviojv
243
XeLp-aJvag
OXi^ovaaL-
OTTordv 8e Taurats" ifiTreacoGtv <al> a(f>rJKes 245 ao^ovGLV avrdg rat? Trrepu^t) KAa<^>oi'Tes"" ovra> TO rrXrjdos ovSev ioTt ttXtjv TrXfjdos' a(f)r]Kcov yap ovtojv ovbev eLOiv (at fivlai)
.
ir]v<j>iqp.ovv
oAtyoCTTOV oVra,
[
]
(/cat
TrayeVra)
rdt" TTOTajjLov
evpwv
8te7repaCT'[ev], iTnaTrjvai
jSouAdp.ei'oj
-rot? crrparots'
'AAe^at-Spot;- 255
Trep-Trei
KoXelv <dv(oycov>
(d Se
OTpdTOS Aapelov
roiys
238.
^aveiTj
B.
:
239.
fiyjS.
ovv
rnj..
B.
Byz.
^.
B.
-os
TtDi-
codd. dett.
verss.
twv
320
ii.
238-258
Beyond our
238 240
Let none of us display the least weakness Seeing the vast barbarian numbers. For one of us even with hand empty
Of idle
For there are flies < .> in thousands Thronging in days of summer the meadows
.
But when the Avasps attack them in battle 245 They rout them merely by their Mings' whistle. So numbers count as nothing but numbers. When there are wasps mere flies count for nothing. The king spoke and his soldiers all cheered him. 250 And after many lands and paths traversed
He
led
Darius
Had few
Crossed
By
Yet heralds sent to summon to combat The chosen men of all the brave foemen.
Now
Darius' host
Tip
v(lj
avTihlKwv ovTw
6eii}pu>v
(oiVw
I
-va.
propius
244.
fiU'vas
which
e.g.
riiJ.epa Oepivrj
Arm.,
depivrja'
OXlfiovaai Xet-
aipa misere cod. A. 246. KXayovr^s 247. iT\r\v irXrjdos irpos rjuas or avveau' codd. dett. A. 250. ovv 248. codd. omnes ? rrapoi'Tm' inepte Kroll. oooiis ical aKpa Arm., (xtC^ovs Kroll. 251. evpev A. omnes. iSdiv eOedaaTo A. crpaTov -pov A. 252. d Ot A. omnes. 254. ix^^'^^-c^" '^^ /J.y]Sev (om. cett.) Kai ev. eTrnrrjKTov t. it. 255. e.g. &(pvw wpCoTos dett. 256. Kal : e.g. ofiws (KTre/j-TreL A. (Byz.) ye fi-qv. 257. xaXfiv ttiv fj.&xil'' A: KokovvTas kt\. cett. -eaj codd. dett.
:
at uKOTTodaai tov
321
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
<77a? ottXois i6a)prj)(6ri >
o Se apfiarog Aapelos
tjv
i(f>^
viprjXov
Koi ol aarpdiraL avrov IttI BpeTravrj(f)6pa)v apfidrcov eKaOe^ovro) rajv Se yiaKcSovcvv Trporjyev 6
.
AXe^avSpog
TTpocTeyyLcrat
CO? S
eyKaOcuag
rov
BouKe^aAoi'
. . .
lttttov
TToXvs Se
(pi fiev
eKarepov; eKXrj^e TToAe/xios" adXirty^ 260 Tts" dpovs uvveKXoveLTO Kol KXayy<rj>
arpdrcov, Trpodvpiia
<ydp>
rjXOov
etV
SrjpLv,
263
errenTTOv
ofi^pov
oltt'
ovpavov ^epofxevov,
<eKpv7TTOV> ^eXeaiv (rjficpas <f)eyyos), > i^oiarpovvTO <TaLS> jxaxo-tpaLaLV [/cat] ojAovto ttoXXol, TToXvg oSvppLog chpcopcf <co?> ol jxev ia(f)d^ovTO (^eXeai rpojOevre?), e/cetFro (a'AAof 268 rjfitafjiayelg S
erepoi
S')
aXXoL S
<dp
TToXXoJv Se
269
8pe7Tavr](f)6pojv
(idpt,t,<o>v
avro<l> tovs
[eTTt]
6)(Xov d)S
258. edupaKicravTo iravoirXiav codd. dett. : tt. o. idupaKiffOy) B yz. 260. K\ay^e codd. 5e A. ^v (p' apfiaros v\f/r]\ov A. 259. 261. K\ayyei(iiu A : i.e. ovi> -oi's e/cXtj'e (Kr.). dett. KXayyr] tQv Kroll. 262. 5e A. 263. ^.g. ol 5' (To^evov 264'. ^oXidas iatpevve/jLTTovTes ws dir oi'pavCiv 6,u/3poi'. tov obvL'gov uxrre ewLKaXvTTTeiv codd. dett. : ioKiiraaav A. 265. d. depa r)fj.epas (peyyoz codd. dett., Bj'z. (Arm.). 267. Kai 266. TToWoi [x. w., woXvs Se A. 56 /x. ft- A.
:
322
ii.
258-271
258
and
satraps were seated on scythed chariots. led by Alexander on his horse Bucephalus that none could approach.
his
Now when the martial trumpet called both sides And mighty din and shouting of armies
260
Clattered together, eagerly fighting, 262 Some hurled great stones, and others shot arrows,
like rain falhng
from heaven.
264 265
missiles
Others with missiles the daylight clouded, Others with swords to frenzy were goaded.
Many did fall, and many cries rose up. As some were slain of -wounds from thrown Or lay half slain
.
. .
The
air
When many
And
doom
taken,
Then on
ing,i
the whole Persian host to flight urged. 270 their chariots scythed, in haste wheel271
of the
vir'
vv. 271-2 may be continuous, e.(/. ve^oi 'depi^ovO' dypoTQv ffiros, which is nearer the A version.
iixrirep
codd.
dett.
Tuij/
268.
"
e.ff.
'^TspoL 5e
7/,
L A, Byz.
A.
:
dWoL
''
8i
ij.
^.
codd.
ttX.
A. ^(pvyev riinoaTpofp'^v
&pfj.a,
270. to
n, A.
:
271. de
-eu
TToXXuJj'
So
in
general
Cbairep
codd. dett.
-os
codd. dett.
iv dipovs (hpy.
323
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ardxvas dpovprjs dyporat, einKeipovTes)
272
dvrjpovvTO.
274
rd
275
{pitjjas
eaurov
els [to]
eSa^os', dvoLfico^as,
ttXtjOos
276
ch. 20
(ot 8e aarpdirat Aapetov eyvcoaav rov ^AXe^avSpov iyyl^ovra 6 re JMjuaos xai o Apto^ap^dvrjg- Kal
ovrcos
x^^P'^'S-
278
TL
280
first
rightlj'
ne mur-
: nostrates aratris hand ita utunmurante quidem Krollio, " e.g. (p. y. S' eis o6p.ovs 6 A. tur : or. dpovpas etiam Byz. iavrw idp-qv-qaev dTroXeVas ttXtjSos /leyiarov dvSpCjv yTJv 276. e.g. 280. /3. to\. after dv^XrjTe codd. dett. d' o\t]v eprj/iowras.
324.
ii.
272-280
reaping.
The
ice
Those who
Were by
the
men
of
Macedon
butcher'd.
275
and
floods of tears
wept
numerous
276
a host.
And
desolation of his
own
country.
(Darius after vain appeals ^ jiees to Ecbatana and the Caspian gates. Alexander pursues.) Now the satraps of Darius Bessus and Ariobarzanes learnt that Alexander was approaching, and,
By
evil
stroke from
kill
God
277
they plotted to
Darius.
They attacked
Darius,
278
When
he saw the
villains
he said
My masters, my slaves once How have I wronged you that with cruel spirit
!
279 280
Darius
cites
verses
and one
letter in
his correspondence with Alexander which ensues, imlike the rest of the letters of which this history is full, shows traces of pure iambi. These, like others (i. 33, iii. 24. 3), have no
325
FR A OMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
tva jue dvXr]r
{fiTj
TrXe
dvaarevd^eiv rrjv {dvcjfjiaXov <p,oZpav>). idv yap iXdd>v 6 ^aaiXevs ^AXe^avSpos Vpr] cr^ayeVra t^aaiAeat Xr)GrpiKi] yvcofMrj, i<7T >eKStKi]aL </x'>* ov ddfiLS yap 6(f)drjvai
^aoiXla'^ SoXo<f)ovr]dVTa olKTiaTO) < s > .^
OL Se daefieZs fxadovreg rr]v e'iaohov
. . .
285 286
TTpoXcLipavTes
. . .
Tov
Aapelov
^jjLLTtvovv
(fjevyovoLV
ai'Spos'
Kal
(elaeXdcbv Trpog
<...> evpev
avrov <aL[x6(f)vprov>
rjfxiTTVOvv),
Kal {avoipLCo^as
XvTrrjs
288
SaKpva i^XV
rfj
;)(;Aa/xuSt
[Kal]
<8'>
iaK7Ta<t^>e
7tl
\to\
acu/xa
)(^eZpas
to Aapeiov
Aapetf,
289 290
Kol ru)V creavTov SeajroT'qs TrdXiv ytvov. Se^at a[o]v ro SidbrjfjLa YlepaiKov ttXtJOovs, ex^ <yov TO fjiiyedos tt^? rvpavvtKrjs So^rjs. 295 opLVvpii (aoi) AapeZe roijs deovs iravras <(Ls ravr' > dXrjdcos Kal ov TTeTTXaajxevcos {(f)pdt,(jj).
281.
5pdffr]TaL
/jLOV
avilifioKov
[avo/xaXij
283. cod. Barocc. : -aere codd. dett. ?? ovciK^arov A. cod. Barocc.) tvxv
'
326
ANON. AP. PS.-CALLISTHENEM,
you come to
kill
ii.
281-297
me
Excel not Macedon in your actions. Suffer me thus upon the earth rolling To weep aloud at my fate's injustice. For if there come the king Alexander, And find a king by pirates slain lying, He will avenge me Right doth not suffer
:
281
285 286
that
pitifully.
{After a struggle they decamp leaving Darius half dead. Alexander arrives and)
287
288
shed tears
And with his cloak Darius' form veiling, Upon Darius' breast his hands laid he, And words of sympathy spoke as follows
Arise, quoth he ; Darius, of fortune And of your own be once again master.
289 290
:
The might
Receive the Persian diadem once more, of all your kingly fame keeping. I swear to )^ou, Darius, by heaven, I speak this truly with no feigned utt 'ranee,
:
295
286. eV- v A: cett. (kBik. to al/nd /mov. but sterner measures are needed. -Tuv A. 287. Byz. : e'/v\-exii,u^j'or . to ah'-a C. 288. dp. &.\.C: A. ye/j,. B later. 289. -aae C. 290. ras Xe^pcLs de avTov eV. A. 296. ire A. 297. Kroll {ws Byz., ToOra Arm.) otl eyiJ} A.
8.
Ausfeld
327
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
fiovos 7Tape< ^>(x) TO SidS'qfia rGiv OK-rympoiv.
fieTa
Tpo(j)rjs
iKOivojv<ovv>
iartav, )(<pei>av
dyyeX<a)v> 'AXe^dvhpov. 301 i^avdara /cat Kpdrvve rrjs )(a)pas. ov Set ^aaiXea Svcrrvxcvvra XvirelaOaf laorrjg yap dvdpojTTOLaKi Trepl reXovs [j.oLpr]s>.
TjviKa TTap-qpiiqv
dAA
305
avTous (ii'a ere vvv, dva<^, tlXto).) ravTa <ovv> XeyovTos [ ] iardva^lev] 6 Aapeto? Kat TnaTTaadfJLvo^ {rds <Te> x^lpas e/cretVas') arrjdog ^lAr^cras" <t > eiTre* tckvov WXe^avhpe
jjiT]
(rfj
rvpavviKfj ho^rj)'
310
{oTrordv)
/cat
X^P^^ Tat? cats' ovpav{ov 6eX)rjg ifjaveLv, to fxeXXov rj tv^'t] yap ovk ol8ev < > {^auiXe ovTG jxrjv ttXtjOos), a/cptVoj Se poL^oj 7TdvT<a> (7TavTax)<^? (pe'/Lt^e[raji). 315 6pa{s) TLS rjixrjv Kat rts" eyevopuqv tAt^/xcov o TT]s ToaavTr^s dpTi <KupLos yai,rj> vvv ovB ijJiavTOV SeanoT-qg dTTodv-qaKCo
cr/co7ret
ddipov fie rat? aat? euae^aTdT<a>is x^paiv KTqhevaaTcjuav Ma/ce'Sov'es' (/xe) /cat Ylepaai- 320
ixi<r]> yeveado)
TTjv S'
e/xe
avyyeveia Aapetoj.
TTapaTidrjfjii
321
TeKovaav
aoi tXtjijuuv,
299-300. Kroll: -i'oi';',Tars,TJ)i' A. 298. -f'xcuA. 300. xelpav 301. a77f\os A. 304. r/ tt. t. /j.vpis (xf'P' Arm.). 306. duairava-u) B 'iva fxe ^k8lkoi> corr. Kroll ex Arm. 307. 'AXf^dudpov. 308. Kal codd. dett., Byz. ^X5s A.
328
ii.
298-322
That you may have again the sole sceptre. For I myself at meat with you sat once At table by your hearth, when I came here To bring you message from Alexander. But now arise and be your land's master A king should suffer not nor be wept for.
:
300
For
Tell
all
Who
are equal at their last hour's end. are they who did wound you, Darius
their
:
305
names, O King I '11 avenge you. 307 As Alexander spake thus, Darius Groaned, drew him nigh to him, his hands stretch'd
me
forth,
And
Alexander, kissed his breast and quoth 310 elated by your proud kingsliip When you have wrought a deed of god worthy
:
Be not
And
Think of what
fancy with your hands to touch heaven is to be for fate knows not Or king or commoner all things cruelly In undistinguished eddy she whirls round. See what I was, and what my fate now is I, who was once of all this land owner, master now not even of myself. Me with your hands most pious here bury, Let Macedonians tend me, and Persians ^
: :
315
Am
320
kin's functions.
my
mother
in C, according to which the king summons his harem is, for the choliambic writer, original. But, as usual in this version, traces of metre are few.
.310.
Kroll.
codd. dett.
t)
\r)(TTrjv
cett.
A.
Sll.-creijA. 312. ovpavovs h., ovpavbv 314. e.g. 6'Xws tlv' ovtc A ^aaCKea Trauraxolhu vavTl KaKwi A ovre irXriOos. 315. xvpov yvTj^ A. 319. -ois 317. Arm. (om. cett.) 321. fiia codd.
{4>ddcraL).
: :
329
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
yvvoLKa <8'> ojs" avv<aL>ixov o'lKreipov Koi TTjV dvyarepa aot 8tSa/xt 'Pw^dvrjv, ir' et Tt Kar (fidLTolui AeiVerat yvojiJi'rj<g > 325 <ot Suo yovrjeg > evrt tKvol(j<l> Ka[v)-^cx}VTaL a<ol> jxev (t> lXltttt < OS > , 'Poj^dvrj[s^ Se Aaper<os'>.
/cat TTjv
ToaavTa
TO
Ae^as" o ^aaiXevs
Xiijj<v>
cOvf/j^bv
7TVV[x'
iv )(^ep<OL>v
323. Kroll.
A. Yei'eaij A.
5. crot
-97s, -iu)
324. P. A corr. R.aabe ex Arm. 326. Kroll tri) oi-o 325. -fvwfiri A. cri', -ttw, 327. KaxoiraL : Kavx. cett.
:
codd.
corr. Kroll.
.329.
e.
to w.
and
x^P"''''
A.
330
ii.
323-329
my wife here as a kinswoman daughter give I also Roxanes, That if sense hveth yet among dead
Pity
!
My
men
325
Two
may
glory,
Philip in you,
and
I in
Roxanes.
331
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ORACULUM
ap. Ps.-Call.
i.
3. 4.
'Kv Se TO) AlyvTTTCp yevofjcevov d(f)avovs Tov NeKTave^oj rj^lcoaav ol AlyviTTLOL rov npondropa. rcov decbv "\{(f)aLarov tl dpa 6 rfjs AtyvTTTOv jSacriAeus" iyevero. o 8e eTrefxifjev avToZs ^(prjcriJLOV TTpog rov doparov rov SepaTretof* arrjvai'' OS XPV'^H''^^^'''^^ avTolg ovTcogAHyvTTTOv 6 (f)vyd)v Kparepos a'AKt/no? rrpea^vs ^aaiXevg hvvdar-qs ti^'^ett jierd xpovov vios, TO yrjpdXaiov aTTO^aXdw tvttcov eiSos, KoapLov KVKXevaag evrc to ttcSlov Ai,yv7TTOv,
ix^poLtv
rjpLLV.
OVTCO 8o9evTos
"
'Eepaweiov
ffrrjcrai
A.
iambos noKparaibs
tavit
-epos
W.
L.
Kroll.
[cod.] L[eid].
2. e.g.
fi.
''
^ 'Js"4.
At7.
tt.
S32
ANON. AP. PS.-CALLISTHENEM
ORACLE
Ps.-CaU.
in
i.
3.
Egypt after Nectanebos' disappearance Now the Egyptians saw fit to ask Hephaestus the grandsire of the gods what had happened to the king of Egypt. And he sent to them an oracle to
go to the recess of the Serapium. dehvered an oracle to them as follows
And
:
Serapis
The strong, brave sire that has fled Egypt Monarch and king will come again youthful,
Having put
Giving of
off his features old
semblance,
5
to discover its
After this oracle had been thus delivered, [failing meaning they wrote the verses on the
base of Nectanebos' statue, as a memorial against such time as the oracle should come to pass.]
333
UNCERTAIN FRAGMENTS
The search for anonymous choliambics has met with but httle success. It is very easy for prose passages An excellent to appear to belong to such a metre. instance of this kind appears in Polyb. i. 32
:
TOV'S
Kal
TTcos
airoXoy i(T ^ovi irapa vvv acjiuXeiyrrav Si'raii'TO tovs evavriov^ viKav;
' '
quoted by Suidas. Under the heading Spuria give a few instances of verses which, it appears to me, are either fortuitous, or belong to another metre. But there is another class, not yet noted by editors, as to which, it seems, some room for doubt exists. The collectors of Greek proverbs normally threw these into the rhythm of the end of a verse, or indeed and where the choliambic rhythm a whole verse predominates it seems possible to claim a few of these, not indeed from wTiters in choliambi, but as conscious choliambi produced by the editor of proverbs. This is why I have ventured to give the late fifteenth-century choliambi of Arsenius, who after the fall of Constantinople augmented Apostohus' (his and drawn attention father's) collection of proverbs to a place where a far earlier wi'iter, Synesius, bishop of Cyrene, deliberately casts a proverb into this metre, or uses a metrical authority. Thus Hesiod's 8wpa 6i.ov% TTiiOei degenerates into a verse-end 8wpa
as
I
; ;
334
UNCERTAIN FRAGMENTS
Kal
^0('5
TTuBei
and
o.irl>
^kvOmv
jy?nTi,<;
assumes an
Since distinction is not always possible I include a certain number of cases where there may actually be a quotation from a choliambic \\Titer (other than a proverb-collector) but I do not suppose that there are more than four or five of these. The division into (a) Dicta and (b) ^ is unsatisfactory. It is further possible that of the four or five some like Jet jie ktX. and /xi'wTrt ktA. are from lost fables of Babrius. Where all is so hypothetical detailed discussion is unnecessary and this warningillogical accusative.
; ;
must
^
suffice.
Proverbs proper.
335
FRAGMENTA INCERTA
(1-10, vid. pp. 2-7)
Inc. 11 (Bgk. 25)
7Jh<L>s
(Photius,
33 Naber.)
Inc. 12 (Bgk. 26
A)
Lets;
A. ^av, ^av.
B.
/cat
Kvvos
jiav
.
(f)a)vrjv
.
o^vferaL (12).)
Inc. 13
l,c6<cxj>v.
au
8e
iyOJ jxkv
(h
Av. 704 \i5vfxos 8e, ^irei i] aiTrrj Kal d tl TOLOvTov opveov de^ia Trpbs Ipwras (paiverai (14). Suid. del TOis
(Schol. Ar.
kpStfriv.)
11. 2.
T]Oi]
AiVwTToi'
corr.
Dobree.
:
XP^^- corr.
Bgk.
14.
cD
12. interpunxi.
13. ^i2v
Suid.
corr.
tl'j
schol. Ar.
-rj -tj
Meineke.
336
UNCERTAIN FRAGMENTS
(For 1-10 see above)
11
Thou
{PJwtius's Lexicon.)
12
A.
Bow
Wow
13
You
lead a shell-fish
all
life
of inquietude.
^
(You confound
these matters
and
in
your worry
(13).
Plutarch on Avarice.)
14
Leucippus,
(Uidymus' explanation rests on the ground that parrots and suchlike birds are favourable to lovers (14). Commentator on Aristophanes' Birds also in Suidas' Lexicon.)
:
The reading
is
337
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
hic. 15
tcTT*
(Arist. 673 a 13 to irepl Trjv Ke(f>a\riv us diroKOTrelaa (pdeyyerai. Tov yap iepeojs roii 'Oir\o(Tfj.iov Aids airodavovTos , . icpaadv .
Tives aKovirai riji Kf<pa.\ri^ diroKeKOfifievrii Xeyouffris iroWdKis (15). 5i6 Kai ^'rjTriaavTfs ui ovo/j-a qv iv t<j3 tottw KfpKi'Sos eKpivav.)
Lie. 16
iyoj fievToi rj roaavTrj rpelg rjhiq KadetXov Icrrovg iv ^pax^l )(^p6vc^ tovtco.
(Strabo, p. 378
OTi ov
p-v-qixoviverai rts eraipa -n-pos r'qv dveidi^ovffav
oi'S'
(piXepybs
ftri
(piuiv
Inc. 17
fxr]
4S2.
v.
eiratvei
.)
Inc. 18
avveiXT)(j)as
rjor]
(Lucian, iii. 162 to ok tov 'Apxi\6xou iKuvo Apostol. xvi. 32.) 6tl (18).
<toi
\e7a;
15. I doubt whether there be a verse at all, and whether The first the head said more than Kepvioas direKTeLvef. The obvious correction two words are anyhow corrupt. is of (E)HMIAPOC, which I translate. 17. The verse is expressly attributed by Gregory to an older writer. However, it may well have been an ordinary iambus [aiax'-"'^'')- The next citation is from Eur. {/r. 20).
EnANAPOC
my
F.O.A.
See
p. 4.
338
UNCERTAIN FRAGMENTS
15
Foul Cercidas
his
fellow-man murder'd.^
the
(The story of the head speaking when severed from body. When the priest of Hoplosmian Zeus mysteriously slain, some alleged that the head though So they hunted out one of off kept on repeating (15). name there and accused them. Aristotle.)
.
was
cut
this
16
I at my age three times brief space have undone three pieces.^
In
tills
(A
loom
who rebuked
certain courtesan is said to have remarked to a lady her for idleness nor putting her fingers to the Strabo.) (16).
17
(17)
.'
18
You've taken by
tlie
wing a grasshopper.
^
(It is time for me to tell you of Archilochus' Luclan's Liar. Also in Greek Proverbs.)
dictum
(18).
^ Some have actually sought to connect this with Cercidas (the law-giver of Megalopolis or the cynic) or a relative ^ Should probably be classed among paroemiac dicta it may not occur in any literary writer. ^ Pfeiffer has I'ecently shown that Archilochus wrote TfTTiyos (8pd^u} TTTepov: so this fragment belongs to p. 347.
!
2 K
339
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
hic. 19
yt,d.t,av
cf)vp<jj
aoi;
tCju
i.
fieydXias
innaxvoviJ.evii)v.
Other
271.)
Inc.
!l,a)OV
20
V TTVpl OKOXpOV
ii.
371. 19.)
Inc. 21
<Tpiljiv>
{Ibid. 483. 3.)
rjv
-^apitovraL
vvKres
19. vv.
vit
II.
20,21. indica-
Headlam.
340
UNCERTAIN FRAGMENTS
19
May
((19) refers
those
who make
lofty promises.
Greek
Proverbs.)
20
An
{Orammarian
in
animal in
fire
leaping
21
341
PAROEMICA
(a)
Dicta
eoTL TO) jxiaelv.
1.
(f>LXLV
OLKaipcos
ii.
IcTOV-
{Paroetn. Gr.
778.)
2.
el
eheofxiqv oipov.
dpKov/xevuv Kal
cl)s
(Apostol.
76
fTTi
Ttjc
oXiyoLS
ejKpaTihv
rjrei
from
/cat
Plut.
*
Mor. 234 e eU
TravooKelov
CKevdaai,
^Xaiov,
3.
'q
l,rjfxiav
Kphos alaxpov to
TO 8e 8ia TTavTog.
([Apostol.]
XiXw;'os,)
viii.
v.
31
(i.
20 H.).
4.
Tj
^pa)(vXoyia iyyug
viii.
'
ean rod
OLydv.
daKovcrLV
'
([Apostol.]
8ti
elirev
iyyvs ktX.)
1-5. It is possible that at some period before Plutarch (or Stobaeus) certain dicta may have been given in a metrical 4. e.g. to yap ^pax^'Xoyov if the story choliambic form. is adopted from a metrical writer.
342
PROVERBS
(a)
Sayings
1.
Untimely love
's
{Greek Proverbs.)
2.
If I
A certain {Greek Proverbs from the story in Plutarch Spartan put up at an inn and gave meat to the innkeeper when the latter asked for cheese and oil, he rejoined to cook
:
(3)-)
3.
:
For
Than gain with shame the one The other aye will irk.
attributed to Chilon.)
for
one moment,
it
is
4.
is
next door.
:
343
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
5.
(Plut.
is
the speaker)
is
thus given
by Apostol.
lemma
6.
aKpalg
cttl
pr^yjjLLGiv
Kv^eivov ttovtov
irpbs t'ov
^
(Plut.
''ZivuTreis
'
Mor. 602 a
eKilvoiv iv
5i6 koX Aioyevris 6 Kt'wy aov (pvyT]v eK TIovtov Karlyvuiaav,'' HbvTU) fj.ovqv (6).)
'
dirovTa
iyC^i
5e','
dvev,
6. Diogenes was well-read but is not likely to have cited Hipponax or Ananius or a contemporary. It is usual to
read
iropov.
Aet
fie
^AKavOcog
Terri^, "AXfir)
avTco, 'A/capTro-
repos el <tcov> 'AScovlSos kt^ttojv, 'A/coAoj [to] ;^eiA<e>' ov uvkco ^vcrai, 'Atto ^vXov KaXov^ <ye> KOLV airdy^aadaiy ^Apovpaia fxavrcg, Bta
TTev-qrcjov
ttXovglcov
7TapdKXr]aLg,
Tvrjg
<fiv>
OVK
eVecrr'
avTtp,"
/cat
ArjXlov KoXvpi.^-qrov,
Alktvov
(f}vads,'^
AcDpa
deovs
TreiOei,
EtATyc^et-
'E/Lt77eSo/<:Ae'ofS' exOpa, 'Ev depei [ttjv] ;\;Aatvat'* Kararpi^eig, 'Ef eVo? TrrjXov, "Kx^rat S' a)a<T> 7TO<v>Xv7TOVs 7TTp<rj>s, 'H T/sis" c^ r] TpeZs oivag QpaKs opKi OVK 7ricrravrai, Ka/ctoi' rj Ba^u? (.'')
" References will readily be found in the Indexes of Leutsch and Schneidewin, Paroemiographi Graeci, Gottingae
3'i4
PROVERBS
5.
Equal shares
:
all
round.
{Oreek Proverbs ' applies to fair and just apportionment.' Plutarch is the sonrcewhcre it is part of a saying o? Agesilaus.)
6.
Upon
(Hence Diogenes the Cynic when told that the Sinopeans had condemned him to exile beyond the Euxine sea rejoined But I condemn them to remain in Pontus (6).')
'
(6)1
enemies be e'er my pursuers, A hedgeTherein is no saltness. Less fruitful than Adonis (his) gardens, No mere fig but a good mouthful. If hang I must, hang me from strong gallows, A seer rustic, The poor perforce the rich by persuasion, This plough has no tree to 't, Delian diver's, A net you 're inflating. Even the gods take bribes. For Mandron too a ship had of figwood, The mouse in trap 's taken, Empedocles' hatred. In summer why thy overcoat wearest ?, Of one clay founded. Octopus to rock clinging, Thrice six or three aces. Oaths in Thrace run not. Than Babys worse player, Than
Such
cricket,
^
-
70.
''
cf.
Suid.
^
aTro koKov.
'
Suid.
'
x^' f"
345
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
avXeZ,
KaAAiKupicDP'
dvjjia,
ttXclovs,
KapiK-rj
Movaa,
Tre-
Kapt/cov
Kara
Xidcov cnreLpeLV,
Kara
KcaSaAou
)(OLVi^,
Alvov
Xivcp
KXojdeis,
t,r]TLg,
pLearjpL^pia Trat^et,
Avkov
irrepov
AuSo? ev Mdprvs
Mvojttl
K Ato? heXrojv,
'OSou Trap-
Ov
axoXrj
p.rj-
Hapdevos ra iraTpwa,
Ilpos"
arjpa
Trjv
rpvids
/cAatet,
Td
Hapicvv vvoTTreveLS,
oltto
TiKvdcov prjaiv,
Octcov
vnapx^Ls
rw
KaXXei
/cat
TOV rpoTTOv}
"
*
Paroem. aTpawov
/htj
f-^ret
346
PROVERBS
Callicurians are
\ictim,
more num'rous, Carian music, Carian Seed upon stones sowing, Seed upon rocks
sowing, Cissamis Coan, Crobylus' couple, Codalus' pint-pot. Thread with thread spinning, Lydian at noon playing. As one who seeks a wolf's feather,
Witness Zeus' tablets. Let dead men lie quiet, The willing horse whip not. Seek not the by-way when thou hast the highway. Slaves have no leisure, Spends hke a virgin. Weeps at the tombstone of his stepmother. The Samians' fate fearing, The Scythian saying. As fair of fame and favour as Phaon.i
^ In cod. Urbin Gr. 125 a fifteenth-century hand gives on the fly-leaf opi'os neffovaris dKafidrwi ^vXi^'eaOai, 'small search for fuel when the oak 's fallen.' The alternative version is a pure iambic.
347
SPURIA
1.
at(JXVVop,aL
UTTTTog V7t6
)(cov
/xa
tt^v
(f)tX6TrjTa
yrjpdaKojv
opdcrOai.
53, [ApostoL]
i.
(Diog.
ii.
2.
^(7a)\t,iiA.
{App. Prov. Y. 28 gives the right form Schol. Plat. p. 320 Bekk., Eust. 1397. 39.)
3.
this
is
from
H'V
Cv'''^'''
(Zenobius,
4. o
36 eVi t&v
SeiXuij' Kwrj-yioy.
Paroem. Gr,
i,
42.)
;>^aAK:o{'
XP^^^
(Phot.
33 Naber.)
No
It is clearly
from an
orator.)
6.
dvdpcoTToeihks
6r-jpLOv
vSan
:
av^cJbv
attributed to Aeschylus (See Nauck, Tr. Gr. Fragm. p. 11 by Phrynichus, 5. 21. R,ead v5. av'g. drip, and attribute to an Attic comedian.) 348
SPURIOUS
1.
In friendship's name,
it
shames
me
to
grow
old
A
(Ibid.)
Chian speaking
may
a Coan drown.
3.
When
{Ibid.)
bear
is
4.
Who
with no farthing
left
found
his father.
{Photius^ Lexicon.)
5.
You have
o'ershot in villainy
all
men.
{Harpocration's Lexicon.)
6.
A human
form
living in
water
Aeschylus
(Concerning Glaucus appearing from the sea. quoted by Phrynichus {Bekk. An. v. 21).)
1.
:
V.
Meineke indicated this if genuine read tt,v rp. re drfK. But probably in all these seven cases the vague resemblance to metre is wholly fortuitous. 2, 3 and 3
2.
Sauppe.
is
really Xiyav.
349
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
7.
7roAAa[/ct]
rot ixvdos
(Diehl,/r. 7)
8.
(h
dAA' i^xov [rot] to ivrog [6(^17] aKorrcov, StKaara, TTOLKiXcorepav fxe rijaS oipei. Mor. 500 C
7}
(Plut.
fiev
8iKa<^0fJ.i'7i
(8).)
7.
So Weil.
ui
8. is
iambic,
e.(/.
5iKdaT,
?fi
oxpu kt\.
Otherwise omit
and
rrjcrd'.
SYNESIUS
01 TvarraXoi
{jEp.
45
'OXf^TTitfj'
\vTrov(Ti.
.
iKKKrjaiav aXKorpLoi
troi'rjpoi.
5id(37]di /car'
auruv
(.
.).)
350
SPURIOUS
7.
For persuasion ^ Well timed doth often guide aright business Where strength, employing force, achieves nothing.
{Choricius in Oraux' Textes inedites.)
8.
But look
Good
sir
juryman
you
'11
find
(The fox of Aesop in his case against the pard. on Mental or Bodily Affliction (8).)
^ Conceivably, however, this might be from a lost fable of Babriiis, or from part of the life of Alexander, or even written in the metre by Choricius. See on Synesius below. eXdijjv
is
elpTi/j.ei'os.
'
The word
spotted
SYNESIUS
For wedges must with wedges be knocked out.
(To Olympius. Attack them (
.
The church
.
is
suffering
.).)
^ Synesius bishop of Cyrene either took this proverb from a collection in which it was adapted to the choliambic metre (see below) or so adapted it.
351
FRAGMENTA CHOLIAMBICA
ARSENIUS
ovTco G ravvv earia) tov Kpariarov
vrjKTOLS 7TTetvoLS, KTT^veaLv epTTvaroZs re,
av9t? he
elg
XajjLTTpoLS
(JOL
rpaTre^av,
el
hoLi-jg,
Orjuco,
TOV Ovrjpov re
^Avtcdvlvov.
K.VCOV eycj aos /cat yXvKus ov SearroTrjs' ovKovv vXaKTOj Kal (^ayetv ^tjtcD jSpcoyMa. "Ava^ XeovTodvpue tov Kvva Tpe(f)edpefjLiJLaTa yap d-qpdv ae ^Xenoi ^ap^dpov.
Didot.
(Phile, p.
352
ARSENIUS
ARSENIUS
So now most noble one herein find food. Herein are birds and fishes, beasts, serpents. If you will pay enough, I '11 get printed Later a second course, and Your Highness Regale with Polyaenus his tactics. Whereon he once feasted the two rulers Verus and Antoninus of old Rome.
I
So do
1
^
thy dog and thou my master art. I bark and wish for my dog-food. lion-hearted king feed thou thy dog. see thou huntest the barbarian beasts.
am
and edited
Arsenius had lived in Constantinople before its capture his father's collection of proverbs. His choice of metre may be significant.
353
ADDENDA
P. 46,/r. 68.
v. 1 Karw/uoxate, Karafioxave
and
KaKoixrixcve
v.
toi/
TtKvovixivov
and
tcDi'
TiKeifievov.
The
verses are also quoted by Tzetzes on his Antehomerica, v. 168. For TihvTLKiifievov a good case could be made out, but it has little ms. support. P. 49, fr. 70. In order not to confuse the reader I have given what I believe may have been the Lycophron-Tzetzes view of these verses. It has been suggested to me that bunch of straw.' TTvdfjJpi (TToi^rjs may have been taken as a But I believe the whole to be nonsense and it is superfluous aroL^rj means a paving, to trouble much over a patent error. perhaps as Photius, p. 539. 15 (from Eupolis) explains it, an d(p\\u and 6<(>e\fjLa are simply used of raising inlaid paving. the ground-level or of adorning. TrvOfi-nv has its natural sense of foundation. And found a man adorning the mansion, Yet unadorned, with an inlaid pavement. On the word see also Herwerden, Lex. Suppl.
'
problems
84 sqq. These verses present several unsolved why in v. 83 is eVijrt tQi' ip^v unexplained ? (6) why is there no obvious antecedent to 6s {v. 85), or noun on which crov depends ? (c) Why is there no note of change of speaker between TvWi and tkvov or rjXdov and Ti'XXt ? As to (a), traces in 82 are sufficient to show we have no explanatory contrast to ipiov and as to (6), p.a t(kvov cannot belong to the same sentence as yevoiro, so there can be no construction for aov. All these difficulties could be removed by reading, as I should have done, uoi Ypv\\iwv[a) in 84, 'my dear little Gryllos.' The parent ms. probably had Fi'/XXos at V. 50. At v. 83 Gyllis says ' / didn't come or want to come,' e.g. de't^ov ot'p eirei ov airovd^); it was the rites in
P. 91,
i.
:
(a)
354
ADDENDA
respect of which mj^ dear
little Gryllos needed you to initiate VpvWlwva ^x<"5 fJLvaTT]i>). Then Metriche (not, as P pardonably mistook, Gyllis) says, Let him be your
him
{e.g.
'
favour of this view that many other, and, no doubt, better arrangements of parts and supplements can be found than these, whereas on the other view nothing can be done and that there is far less departure from the tradition of P that the verses could be read consecutively.
fiOffTrjs.'
It is
much
in
P.
to
104.,
iii.
20. 21.
The
is
imnecessary.
The
seems
me to be that given. Not only are they rubbed brighter than the flask, but their gaudy trappings are contrasted with the mother's lack of 'vanity bags.' Headlam thought, that the old man was a fisherman. Another suggestion made to me is that the dibs are left lying at the smithies or on the foreshore the low haunts which the boy frequents. Perhaps (fjvaai and 5lKTva are used ironically, 'puffs and
reticules.'
P. 155, vii. 69, 70. Inexcusably I have failed here to recognize the sequence of thought. should read in v. 69 6 tovt iQjv yap ov ae pySiui xv^- (deleting p cf. Hesych. xV'VC'o-'-^ to deride) " he who allows this (so Blassj is not lightly mocking you." Proceed then, reading ri ; in 71 : " For of shoes, lady, the true function you will admit, please, to be what? Why, 'pon my head ... to bring quick profit to tool-pliers since if this throw prosper not, Hermes . . ., I know not how pot shall thrive better." Those who find this lapse into the style of Plato difificult should read xpw-i- ixP"-'-'''^) ^oiKarovTuu ovK afxeiuov euprjcreiu : but I prefer to translate what . Other accentuations of n, and divisions is in the Papyrus. of speakers, are credible.
We
P. 231. The readings of the Bodleian papyrus not noted are as follows Above vprji' in v. 13 at distance of one verse is visible {vf^o) : Where k\i6ov certainly not any words in t). 11 (Lond). (ra . au) voXe. ... In i>. 13 should come {v. 9) we have . the Tov of eavTov is fairly clear. In -w. 15 fin. TrXwtxT^p is clear. In V. 22 oWot is as easy as aXXoi, and in 26 x^'s easier than veis. In 14 my reading yjd on which is based Mr. Milne's clever correction is, I think, certain.
.
2l
255
ADDENDA
Pp. 244-5. There are three main pointsofdifficulty associated with this poem. In the first place the whole story is associated by all other Greek and Latin writers with Sardanapallus, not with Ninos. As to this I suspect that Phoenix is influenced solely by metrical considerations. I do not think it credible that -os is throughout corrupt 'son of Ninos,' 'at Nineveh,' Ivls y^ivov, kt\. Secondly, there are two legends as to the inscription, both given in Athenaeus. According to one, the famous saying, 'Eat, drink, and be merry the rest is not worth that,' is part of an inscription on Sardanapallus' memorial (not tomb) at Anchiale, which, with Tarsus, Sardanapallus built in one day. The other contains the words, I drank, I ate, I satisfied my lust.' This was given to Greece by Choerilus. It was once inscribed on a stone pillar on a mound at Nineveh; but the mound was pulled down by Cjtus. In one account Sardanapallus had no regular tomb but burnt himself with his wives and concubines, not at Nineveh (Xij'os). In another, he was
'
He was the last of his dj'nasty. 178. decisive point as to which legend Phoenix followed is in V. 12 ; but unfortunately this ends with a vox nihili, al'dei. Editors have generally read aoet which is precisely the one thing that we cannot read. diSfs which I give is, in a sense, certain from Hes. Sc. 477 toO de racpov Kai arux aCSks irolyiciv 'Avavfjos. may then either (a) regard Kal . . . aides as an illustrative adscript and read what we will {e.g. Kai to arjfi I'fei), 'for all men wTit Where Ninos on his monument doth
murdered in his palace. See Mayor's Juvenal, ii.
The
We
The ariixa might be the Anchiale monument and the quotation given to show that ariixa is not the same as Ta<pos. This seems to me all very unlikely. (6) We may suppose that Phoenix actually scanned the word q.oes and that the
sit.'
diaeresis was put in, as so often in papjTus texts, by editors to call attention to irregularity, (c) may suppose that Phoenix wrote {e.g.) okov yii/os vvf Kai to <xri/j! aiaTudep, and
We
that the adscript gave the same sense as the origmal. Either (6) or (c) seems to me certainly right ; but it is quite doubtful whether yivos is Ninos or Nineveh. I prefer the latter, the destruction of Nineveh {c. 600 b.c.) being famous and proverbial.
As
whether okov
it
doubtful in
my translation
P. 249, 3. 9.
Malachite
darkish
356
'
ADDENDA
and
brittle would be a suitable extravagance to allege rather than a sober fact. In the grand hundred-marbled church of St. Paul outside the Roman walls it appears only in the altars presented by the Emperor of Russia, Nicholas the First. It is given as a material for a palace floor (ttcitos Sophocles Lex. Byz.) in the Septuagint version of Esther.
:
P. 283. 2. To the Greek humourists appropriate misfortune was an enthralling joke. The Greek book of jests called Philogelos says " A drunkard who had bought a vineyard died before vintage." We are not amused. Or rather we use difl'erent forms, as unlucky as the man who .,''Why he couldn't even without ...,'' Have you heard about
:
'
poor old
P. 331, V. 329. I am inclined to think the choliambic versifier wrote three poems about Alexander, an " Iliad," a "Thebaid," and a "Dareiad." In editing these verses I have made no attempt to estimate how far the Ionic dialect was employed. The writer of cod. A, otherwise our only good guide, atticizes ruthlessly throughout the history. Slight indications would seem to show that the original was in an Ionic dialect at least as strict as that of the Mimes
of Herodes.
P. 350,
8.
Adde 9. Choliambos Scythini ap. Stob. Ed. 43 non recte agnovit Meineke.
Calumachi Novae Lectiones
i.
The following verses of Callimachus have lately been recovered by G. Vitelli {Bull. Soc. Arch. d'Alex. No. 24) from scholia. They are verses 99 sqq. (see the late Professor
Mair's Callimachus, p. 272, lines 96 ff.). They afford an admirable illustration of Callimachus' art Essentially lyric in cadence and in his use of this metre. metre, and strict in their Ionic versification, his verses yet give, as those of no other Greek poet do, the essential illusion A wide and versatile imagination, an use of natural speech. of deft touches to depict the crowd surging round the dead poet Hipponax, who is supposed to be speaking, a breathless but clear and distinct narration all these mark out the genius of Callimachus as something infinitely higher than that of his rivals.
2l2
357
ADDENDA
6
EKaTrj wXridevs ! irvo7)v dfaXwcret (f)V(rlij3v 6kujs 1X7) tov Tpl^wva yvfj-vdiarj. ffujirr) yeviddii) Kai 'ypa(peade tt)v prjcnv. avTjp ^advKKrjs ApKCLS ov fiaKprjv a^u avros S) \<^<TT, /jLT] alWaive, Kal yap ov5
S)
99
\f/i.\oK6p(rr]s
Tr]v
100
ZeO kxipovTOi
'
p/J-f(T{ov)
divelv,
105
eyivero,
travTa
elx
ev
olcriv
dvOpiowoi
translate
my bald-head comrade, In panting to keep cloak on his shoulder. Let there be silence write ye my words down In Arcady Bathycles cease mocking, Sirrah I fly not far : a brief moment Have I to spend with you how stern, great Zeus,
He'll lose his breath, will
!
Acheron the patriarch thrice blest Did live, nor lacked in aught of such riches Wherewith endowed men live white days ever. (He was about to finish his last lap, etc.)
Is
!
In V. 108 white days are days of white-raiment,' feast days'; see Hippon. /r. 65. correxi. v. 105 non fuit wapixeaov, v. 106 V. 103 a^w P
'
'
'
'
num
x"-^^^
358
Abdera, 97
Aceses, 107
Achaean, 131
Achilles, 281, 291 Acre, 95 Actaeon, 301
Apollo, 29, 45, 67, 105, 115, 211, 247, 281, 299 Archilochus, 339 Ardys, 39 Ares, 301 Arete, 15?, 17, 19, 37, 39, 41, 55, 58
Amalthusian, 57
Babylonian, 311 Babys, 345 Bacchae, 2, 245 Bacchian, 301, 303 Bacchus, 303
Batale, 117 Hatiarus, 93-101 Batyllis, 133, 135 Bendis, 59
Bessus, 325
Bias, 55 Bitas, 139, 145
359
Bupalus,
3, 17, 37,
Damonomus,
Damis, 133
201
Darius, 309-331
Cadmus, 297
Callimachus, 3, 12, 29, (33) Callimedon, 215 Calypso, 63 Cainandolus, 57 Canae, 273 Candas, 145, 151 Candaules, 313 Capaneus, 301 Carderocetes, 313 Caria( = Cos), 93; -n, 345 Caspian Gates, 279, 325 Caspian Sea, 243
Castor, 291
Demeter,
89, 91
183,
269,
295,
Cecrops, 283 Cercidas (not the poet), 339 Cercops, 149 Cerdon, 141-161 Cha(e)rondas, 97 Charinus, 275
Charopus, 291
Chios, 257
;
Ephesus,
-ian,
23,
121,
125,
137,
149;
-an, 349
38
Chrysippus, 285
Cicon, 35 Cissamis, 347 Cithaeron, 2, 301, 307
Clio, 113
Epidaurus, 115
Epio, 115 Erinna, 139 Eros, 201-205 Eros (an eunuch), 275 Erotian, 101 Erythraea, 37 Ethiopians, 313 Eubius, 291 Eubule, 139, 145
Eiieteira, 171
Coccalus, 107 Codalus, 347 Coraxian, 33, 245 Corinth, 87, 283 ;
-ian, 27 Coritto, 137-147 Coronis, 115 Cos, 81, 93, 101, 115 -an, 34 Cottahit, 103-113 Cranaus, 283 Crete, 257 Crobylus, 347 Cronus, 199, 205 Cybele, 59 Cydilla, 119 CydiUa (another), 125
;
Eueteris, 159
Eupator, 275
Euripides, 203
61
Gerenia
(festival), 133
360
Lepre Acte, 23
Leto, 101
;
-an, 301
Gyges, 39
Gyllis, 81-91
Hades,
347
Haemon, 303
Harmonia, 297
fiarpies, 231
Lynceus, 255-259
Hecate, 157
Hectx)r, 291
Macaon, 115 Macedon, -ians, 199, Maea, 33, 41, 281 Maenad, 245
Maeonians, 33 Mandris, 85, 89
281, 291-331
Mandron, 345
Mantinean, 267 Maron, 105
Mataline, 87
Hennon,
129, 131
Hippomedon, 303
Hipponax,
3, 17, 19, 33, 41, 43, 51, 71, 73, 169, 184, 267, 269 Homer, 197, 257-259
Homoloid
Hygiea,
115, 117
lambe,
Iberian, 279 Icarus, 203 leso, 115 Iliad, 197 Ino, 299
Metrotimus,
Miccale, 130 Micion, 153
{cf.
49)
Miletus, 23, 67
Mimnes, 47
('/.
23)
Moerae,
Molossi, 291
Muse,
213, 247
Museum,
Lenean, 299
361
Phocus, 291 Phoebe, 101 Phoebus, 176, 299 Phoenician, 275 Phoenix, 184
Phraortes, 313 Phrygia, -n, 23, 95, 101, 105, 126, 197, 213 Phthia, 291
Pielus, 291 Pierian, 207
Pindar, 307
Pisa, 87 Pistus, 149-153
Plutereh, 11
Olympus,
317
Parthenopaeus, 303
Parthian, 279 Pasarges, 315-317 Pataecius, 87 Pataeciscii^, 121 Peleus, 291 Pella, 295, 317 Pentheus, 301 Perdix, 49, 65
Polyaenus, 353 Polycrates, 265 Polynices, 301 Poseidippus, 249-251 Poseidon, 277 Praxiteles, 117 Prexinus, 143 Prexon, 117 Priamus, 291 Priene, 55 Proetid (gates of Thebes), 303 Prometheus, 210 Protagoras, 285 Psylla, 163 Ptolemy Philadelplins,!2 85 Pyrgele, 62 Pyrrhus, 125, 131 Pythagorean, 221 PytJieas, 89 Pytherraus, 67 Pythian, 211 Pytho, 87
Persephone, 65 Persians, 309, 331 Phaethon, 197, 281 Phaon, 347 Phaselis, 97 Philaenis, 265 Philaenis, S3 Philip,! 317, 331 ('/. 307)
1
i
Rhesus, 47 Rhodian, 27
Roman, 279
Roxanes, 331
Sadyattes. 39
Samus,
-ian, 99,
347
Philip was educated at Thebes, but not by Pindar Inepte Gerhard legit Cercidea, p. 61 ; ineptius apud Herodis VIII. inveniunt scholastici.
Mimnm
362
Simonax
(?),
51
Smyrna (suburb
Soloed, 23 Sphaerus, 215 Sphinx, 301
Stoa, 285
of Bphesus), 23
Stobaeus,
5,
Stoics, 213, 217, 275 Strangas, 309-825 Sulbates, 313 Susa, 313 Syracuse, 221
Xenophon, 283
Xerxes, 319
Xuthus, 169
Zeno, 217 Zethus, 297 Zeus, 45, 59, 191-201, 219, 233, 265,
273, 281, 291, 295, 297, 319, 347
363
254
Siofios, 62
SiottA))^,
14
SM/St/Safw, 24
ei/
x<"P!)i
quid
258
206
180
ctKoAovdew, 50
-aKT-, 14,
a/iittflo)?,
112
269
200
akvKOV KKaieiv, 92
a\v<rTovS), p. 236 (erroneous reading for eju-ouTOf tus : vid. L. and S.) ajueAiTiTis, 184
aj'TtKVJjfiioi',
212
3 pi., 250
^ls
= fw(5s,
236
46
conf., 304
airaprtTj,
20
TToAe'/iios
^i'iVkos,
150
(?
an-o
and
SdATTOus aceu
I
;u.7)
jrpoTreTois),
160
36
26, 30, 35, (EpuSpaiwr), 38, 46, 56, 152 lAAfii/ Ae'ocTa, 98
consonantal?
14,
ixo'"'", 148
PacyiKopKa^e, 62
jScKos, 57
/3iot07ro(T)pos,
202
/caAa)9
'
when,' 88
164
^Aai//iTeAeia? 204 /3Aen'OTOia"vm)pi67)5, 190 220 /3AooT;pojxnaT . . , pooKTiaTof, 294 (sed auctor chol. liabuerit /Sooktito;' toS' dcTV /ai;
.
Kavo^uip, 278
KaTOL^UXTTpl),
Kapi')j = Kd>s, 92 Karaif, 198 Kara/iutost, capite obstipo,' 132 Karape'iu, perish,' 258
'
)caTa(rKdi//T)s)
)3p(i^ei ? ?
'
= loquitur,
32
100
KaToo-Te'AAu) (of
a garment metaph.),
^pei'floi'euw,
258
5aiTpeve(T6ai, 168
SeAeatrrrjs,
214
364
(quid
?),
256
7rpoKo6>)AufiaiTJs,
202
24
KplOjUuflJ!,
218
KpOTTq<jiy6iJ.(f>i.Oi,
210
62 62 TrvyiCTTi, 62
TTuyeuji',
IIuyt'AT),
mJpauo'Tpoi', 120
Aavpj), 62
= Ae'(os
(7a/3avi't,
(Tiyr\poiy
46 192 192
V.
nuper repertum), 357 Ar)09 vel Aaos (semper apud auctt. chol. ineptiunturedd. Bud. Hrd.
:
,
aKaTrapSeuto, 32
(TTrai'ioi/ztaST)?,
CTTTUpOS,
192
14
<rv)'Kpon)(riyd/u.<^ios,
H^WoSvua
(?),
204
('?),
/^erafieAAoSiira
^ijKureii/ o;u./ia,
204
Tai'aSAai/iiTe'Aeia,
Te'TTif,
209
304
246
Tewpevo), 38
TtjLL>Jets,
258
246
vixvpTa, 46
oSi/i/oaTra?,
Tpiutpo^ov, 150
Tpd</)is,
40
'of a sheep,' 68
vn/ziTpayuSos, 212
92
opx'?,
<32
o(T(j>vri^,
40 or 'basement,' 4S,
6(pe\fjLa
= K6priixa
and Addenda
7raA;m/5os (vox nihili), 38
navSd\-qKTOi, 34
Traj'otKtr; (sic),
XAiStJJ, 212
256
XPn. 260
i^ij^wi'
napatpi8d^u3v^ 62
'pavement,' 248 Tre'Aaj'O?, quid ? 122 7repi<7<race)pd7re7rAo5, 220 7rA)jeos = 6)judTr;9, 328
7rdT09,
TToerJTis,
et
\l/vxii)v,
i|/iAoKdp<n)5,
0.1
357
281
npo6e<nri.^iap, 34
irpoCrfp.!.,
wife,' 230
'
96
uipos,
year, 65
'
&
AULUS
Trans, by W. Adlington (1566). Revised by {Mh Impression.) GELLIUS. Trans, bv J. C. Rolfe. 3 Vols. AUSONIUS. Trans, bv H. G.'Evelyn White. 2 Vols.
SES).
S. Gaselee.
(2nd Impression.)
Trans,
by A. G.
Peskett.
Trans, by H. J. Edwards.
CATULLUS.
Trans, by F. W. Cornish; TIBULLUS. Trans, by J. P. Postgate ; PERVIGILIUM VENERIS. Trans, by J. W. Mackail. (Sth Impression.) CICERO : DE FINIBUS. Trans, by H. Rackham. (2nd Impression.) CICERO: DEOFFICIIS. Trans, by Walter Miller. (Srd Impression.) CICERO DE REPUBLICA and DE LEGIBUS. Trans. by Clinton Keyes.
:
CICERO
LETTERS TO ATTICUS.
(Vol.
I.
Trans, by E. O.
and
III.
2nd
Trans,
by
W. Glvnn Williams. 3 Vols. CICERO PHILIPPICS. Trans, by W. C. A. Ker. CICERO PRO ARCHIA POETA, POST REDITUM IN SENATU, POST REDITUM AD QUIRITES, DE DOMO SUA, DE HARUSPICUM RESPONSIS. PRO PLANCIO. Trans, bv N. H. Watts.
CICERO: PRO CAECINA, PRO LEGE MANILIA, PRO CLUENTIO, PRO RABIRIO. Trans, by H.
Grose Hodge.
1
Trans,
by
CICERO
VERRINE ORATIONS.
2 Vols. Vol.
I.
Trans, by L. H. G.
Vols.
Greenwood.
(Vol.
I. 4/i,
FRONTINUS
STRATAGEMS
and
AQUEDUCTS.
by
by
C.
C.
Trans, by C. E. Bennett.
FRONTO:
Haines.
CORRESPONDENCE.
2 Vols.
Trans,
R.
E.
HORACE:
Bennett.
ODES
and EPODES.
Trans,
HORACE:
Trans,
by H. Pt. Fairclough. (2nd Impression revised.) JUVENAL AND PERSIUS. Trans, by G. G. Ramsay.
{4th Impression.^
Trans, by B. O. Foster. 13 Vols. Vols. I.-IV. 2nd Impression revised.) LUCAN. Trans, by J. D. DuflF. LUCRETIUS. Trans, bv W. H. D. Rouse. (2nd Edition.) MARTIAL. Trans. by'W. C. A. Ker. 2 Vols. (2nd Impression revised.) OVID: HEROIDES,AMORES. Trans, by Grant Showerman. (2nd Impression.) OVID: METAMORPHOSES. Trans, by F. J. Miller. 2 Vols. (Vol. I. 4:th Impression. II. 3rd Impression.) OVID: TRISTIA and EX PONTO. Trans, by A. L. Wheeler. PETRONIUS. Trans, by M. Heseltine ; SENECA: APOCOLOCYNTOSIS. Trans, by W. H. D. Rouse. (Uh Imp.) PLAUTUS. Trans, by Paul Nixon. 5 Vols. Vols. I.-III. (Vol. I. 3rd Impression.)
(Vol.
I.
LIVY.
PLINY: LETTERS.
W. M.
I/.
Hutchinson. 2 Vols. (3rd Impression.) PROPERTIUS. Trans, by H. E. Butler. (Srd Impression.) QUINTILIAN. Trans, bv H. E. Butler. 4 Vols. SALLUST. Trans, by J.C. Rolfe. SCRIPTORES HISTORIAE AUGUSTAE. Trans, by D. Magie. 3 Vols. Vols. I. and II. SENECA EPISTULAE MORALES. Trans, by R. M. Gummere. 3 Vols. (Vol. I. 2nd Impression.)
:
MORAL
Vol.
I.
ESSAYS.
Trans, by J.
W.
J.
Basore.
Miller.
SENECA:
TRAGEDIES.
Trans,
by
F.
2 Vols. Trans, by J. C. Rolfe. 2 Vols. (Vol. I. 4</j Impression revised. Vol. II. 3rd Impression.) TACITUS DIALOGUS. Trans, by Sir Wm. Peterson ; and AGRICOI.A and GERMANIA. Trans, by Maurice Hutton. (3rd Impression.) TACITUS HISTORIES. Trans, by C. H. Moore. 2 Vols. Vol. I. TERENCE. Trans, by John Sargeaunt. 2 Vols. {5th Impression.)
SUETONIUS.
:
AUGUSTI.
(Vol.
I.
GREEK AUTHORS
ACHILLES TATIUS.
Trans, by S. Gaselee.
and
ONAVols.
2nd Impression.)
Frazer. 2 Vols. R. C. Seaton.
Trans, by Kirsopp Lake. 4<A Impression, II. 3rd Impression.) HISTORY. Trans, by Horace White. 4 Vols. (Vols. I. and IV. 2nd Impression.) ARISTOPHANES. Trans, by Benjamin Bickley Rogers. 3 Vols. (Verse translation.) {2nd Impression.) " " ARISTOTLE RHETORIC. Trans. by J. H. Freese. ARISTOTLE ETHICS. Trans,
APPIAN'S
ROMAN
THE
ART
OF
THE NICOMACHEAN
3
by H. Ptackham.
Trans,
bv
"
the Rev. P.
:
Wicksteed.
:
2 Vols.
Vol.
;
I.
ARISTOTLE POETICS " LONGINUS ON THE SUBLIME. Trans, by W. Hamilton Fyfe, and DEMETRIUS ON STYLE. Trans, bv W. Rhys Roberts.
:
Trans, by
Vols. I.-III.
CALLIMACHUS
Mair, and
and
LYCOPHRON.
trans,
Trans,
by A. W.
CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA. Trans, by the Rev. G. W. Butterworth. DAPHNIS AND CHLOE. Thornley's translation revised
by
J. M. Edmonds: and (2nd Impression.) S. Gaselee.
ARATUS,
by G. R. Main
PARTHENIUS.
Trans,
by
DEMOSTHENES:
9 Vols.
DE CORONA and DE FALSA LEGATIONE. Trans, by C. A. Vince and J. H. Vince. DIOCASSIUS: ROMAN HISTORY. Trans, by E. Cary.
DIOGENES LAERTIUS.
EPICTETUS. EURIPIDES.
Trans, by R. D. Hicks. 2 Vols. Trans, by W. A. Oldfather. 2 Vols. Trans, by A. S. Way. 4 Vols. (Verse trans.) (Vols. I. and IV. 3rd, II. 4th. III. 2nd Imp.) EUSEBIUS: ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Trans. by Kirsopp Lake. 2 Vols. Vol. I. GALEN: FACULTIES. Trans, by A. J. Brock. (2nd Impression.) ANTHOLOGY. Trans, by W. R. Paton. THE 5 Vols. (Vol. I. 2rd, II. 2nd Impression.)
MOSCHUS).
HERODOTUS.
HOMERIC
HOMER:
HOMER
Trans,
by H.
St.
J.
Thackeray.
8 Vols.
.JULIAN.
LUCIAN.
LYRA
MARCUS
Trans, by Wilmer Cave Wright. 3 Vols. Trans, by A. M. Harmon. 8 Vols. Vols. I.-IV. (Vol. I. Srd, II. 2nd Impression.) GRAECA. Trans, by J. M. Edmonds. 3 Vols. (Vol. I. 2nd Edition revised and enlarged.) AURELIUS. Trans, by C. R. Haines. {2nd
IHftlOTBSSi-Olftt
Trans. Trans.
Vols.
5 Vols, and
Companion Vol.
PHILO.
Whitaker.
2nd Impression.)
:
LIVES OF THE
PINDAR.
PLATO: CHARMIDES, ALCIBIADES I. and II., HIPPARCHUS, THE LOVERS, THEAGES, MINOS,
PLATO CRATYLUS, PARMENIDES, GREATER and LESSER HIPPIAS. Trans, by H. N. Fowler. PLATO EUTHYPHRO, APOLOGY, CRITO, PHAEDO, PHAEDRUS. Trans, by H. N. Fowler. (6th. Impression.) PLATO LACHES, PROTAGORAS, MENO, EUTHYDEMUS. Trans, by W. R. M. Lamb. PLATO LAWS. Trans, by Rev. R. G. Bury. 2 Vols. PLATO LYSIS, SYMPOSIUM, GORGIAS. Trans, by
: : : : :
EPINOMIS.
Trans, by
W.
R. M. Lamb.
W.
R. M.
:
Lamb.
Trans, by H. N. Trans, by
PLATO
PLATO
STATESMAN, PHILEBUS.
;
Fowler
:
Fowler.
Vols.
(Vols.
I.,
I J.
Trans,
by
F.
C.
Babbitt.
POLYBIUS.
6 Vols.
PROCOPIUS
translation.)
Trans, by
H. B. Dewing.
Vols. I.-V.
QUINTUS SMYRNAEUS.
ST. ST.
4 Vols.
Vols.
I.
Trans, by A. S.
Way. (Verse
Trans, by R. Deferrari.
Trans, by the Rev. G. R. Woodward and Harold Mattingly. SOPHOCLES. Trans, by F. Storr. 2 Vols. (Verse translation.) (Vol. I. 5th Impression, II. 3rd Impression.) STRABO : GEOGRAPHY. Trans, by Horace L. Jones. 8 Vols. Vols. I. -VI. CHARACTERS. Trans, by
THEOPHRASTUS
J.
HERODES, CERCIDAS AND THE GREEK CHOLIAMBIC POETS. Trans, by A. D. Knox. THEOPHRASTUS ENQUIRY INTO PLANTS. Trans.
M. Edmonds
Sir
; :
THE
by
THUCYDIDES.
2nd Impression
:
by
2 Vols. C. F. Smith.
4 Vols.
(Vol.
I.
revised.)
XENOPHON CYROPAEDIA. Trans, by Walter Miller. 2 Vols. (Vol. I. 2nd Impression.) XENOPHON HELLENICA, ANABASIS, APOLOGY,
:
AND
O.
J.
SYMPOSIUM.
Todd.
:
3 Vols.
XENOPHON MEMORABILIA and OECONOMICUS. Trans, by E. C. Marchant. XENOPHON SCRIPTA MINORA. Trans, by E. C.
:
Marchant.
GREEK AUTHORS
ARISTOTLE METAPHYSICS, H. Tredennick. ARISTOTLE: ON THE MOTION AND PROGRESSION OF ANIMALS, E. S. Forster. ARISTOTLE ORGANON, W. M. L. Hutchinson. ARISTOTLE: POLITICS and ATHENIAN CONSTI:
TUTION,
H. Rackham.
ARRIAN
the Rev. E.
Robson.
2 Vols.
J.
H. Vince.
DEMOSTHENES OLYNTHIACS, PHILIPPICS, LEPTINES, MINOR SPEECHES, J. H. Vince. DEMOSTHENES: PRIVATE ORATIONS, G. M.
Calhoun.
J.
M.
LYSIAS, W. R. M. Lamb.
MANETHO,
PAPYRI, A.
:
S. S.
de Ricci. Hunt.
:
PHILOSTRATUS IMAGINES, Arthur Fairbanks. PLATO REPUBLIC, Paul Shorey. 2 Vols. PLATO: TIMAEUS, CRITIAS, CLITOPHO, MENEXENUS, EPISTULAE, the Rev. R. G. Bury. SEXTUS EMPIRICUS, the Rev. R. G. Bury.
AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS, J.
: :
CICERO CATILINE CICERO DE NATURA DEORUM, H. Rackham. CICERO DE ORATORE, ORATOR, BRUTUS, Charles
Stuttaford.
CICERO
TEIO,
IN PISONEM, PRO SCAURO, PRO FONPRO MILONE, PRO RABIRIO POSTUMO, PRO MARCELLO, PRO LIGARIO, PRO REGE
:
:
DEIOTARO, N. H. Watts. CICERO PRO QUINCTIO, PRO ROSCIO AMERINO, PRO ROSCIO COMOEDO, CONTRA RULLUM.
J.
H. Freese.
:
CICERO PRO SEXTIO, IN VATINIUM, PRO CAELIO, PRO PROVINCIIS CONSULARIBUS, PRO BALBO,
D. Morrah.
CORNELIUS NEPOS,
ENNIUS, LUCILIUS,
J. C. Rolfe.
FLORUS,
OLD LATIN,
H. Mozley.
:
OVID
.J.
OVID FASTI,
L. F.
and
F. A. Wright. E. V. Arnold and W. B. Anderson. TACITUS ANNALS, John Jackson. TERTULLIAN APOLOGY, T. R. Glover. VALERIUS FLACCUS, A. F. Scholfield. VITRUVIUS : DE ARCHITECTURA, F. Granger.
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