S H A KE S P E A R E S

‘
’

T RAG E D Y O F

M A C B E T H .

E D IT E D , W IT H N O T ES ,

W ILL IA M J . R O LFE , L I TT . D .
,

F O RM R L
E Y H EA D M AS T R
E OF T HE H IG H S C H OO L , C A M B R ID G E, M A S S ,

W I TH E NG R A VING S .

N E I/V Y O R K :
H A RPER B ROTH ERS P UB L I SH , E RS ,

F R N KL N Q U
A I S A R E .
 E NG L IS H C L A S S IC S .

E D I D BY TE WM .
J R.O L FE L I TT D ,
. .

I ll t t
u s ra e d . 1 6m o, C l th
o , 56 ce n t s per v l m P p 4
o u t p v l
e : a e r, 0 ce n s er o u m e.

S H A KE S P E A R E
'

S W O RK S .

T h e M e rc an o f Ve n i ce h t R i ch a r d III
th ll
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.

u i u s C aesa r .
.

y
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n ear
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.

A M i d su m m e r N t D
ig h ’ 5 r am
e
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T h e T a m i ng o f t h e S h r e w
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-
. .

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e ll t
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H am e l t . C or i o a nu s l .

t N th
M u ch A d o ab o u o i ng . T h e C o m e d y o f E r r o rs .

R
om eo a n dJ l t u ie . y
C m be i n e l .

As Y o u L It
ike . t y
A n o n a n d C l e 0p a t 1 a
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I p M e as u re for M e a s u re
l h N ht yWv WL
T he em e s t . .

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The WJ ht T l
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e t c.

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e nry VI t II t
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Par . . So n n e s .

y
H e nr VI Par . . t
T i u s A n d r on i c u s .

GO L D S M 1 T H
’

S SE L CT E P OE M S . B R WN NO I
‘
G S SE L CT P M E OE S .

R
G AV S SE L CT BR WN NG S L CT D R
' '

E PO EM S .
o
O I S E E AM AS .

M 1 NO R P O E M S J HN M11 TON M
‘
L AN C N T R OM E

W R DS WO R T H
OF O . . ACA U L AV S A YS OF IE

O
’
S SE L CT E P O EM S .

P U L H D B IS E BY HA RPER B R OT H ER S , NE W Y RK O .

[f Th e a bove w or k s a re f or by a l l oool ese l l e r s , or t l z ey w i l l 5 e s e rz t by

sa l e
H A R R
PE BR O TH R E S t o ( m y a d d r ess on r ece l pl of fi r z ce a s q u ot/e d If
'

or d e r ed se n t by m a i l , 1 0 f or c e n t s h o ul d of a d d ed t o t h e [fir i ce l o cove r cos t

.
-

f post a g e
o .

C op y ight
r ,
1 8 7 7, b y H A R P E R B OTHE R R S.
 P R E F A C E .

IN thi s iti on o f M a l l et/z t h e t e x t i s t h e r e su l t o f a care ful col

ed ~

l a ti o n o f t h e Fo l i o o f 1 6 2 3 w i th al l t h e m o d e r n e d i ti o ns th a t a r e o f
a ny c r iti c a l va l u e .

In t h e n o t e s I h a v e b e e n u nd e r s p e c i a l ob l i ga t i o ns t o M r H o r ace .

H o wa r d F ur n e s s w h o h as k i nd l y a l l o we d m e t o m a k e fr e e u se o f h i s
,

“
Ne w Var i o ru m e d iti o n o f t h e p l a y ( P hi l a d e lp hi a
”
i n w hi c h
,

m u c h o f m y w o r k w as a l re a d y d o ne t o m y h an d a n d w h o h a s g i ve n
,

m e o t h e r h e l p w h i c h I c o u l d h ar d l y h ave go t e l se w h e re M y i n d eb ted
.

n e ss t o h i m i s a ck no w l e d ge d o n a l m o s t e ve ry p age b u t I d o n o t k n o w
,

h o w t o s t a t e i t i n fu l l .

S o m u c h h a s b ee n wr itt e n o n M a bel /z th a t t h e m a i n d i ffi c u l ty h a s
b ee n i ns e l ec ti ng a n d co n d e ns i ng fro m i t ; b u t a s i n fo r m e r v o l u m e s o f
,

t h e se r i e s I h a ve p r e fe r re d t o g i ve t oo m u c h r a th e r t h a n t o o l i ttl e
, ,

b e ar i ng i n m i nd t h a t t h e gr e a t m aj o r i ty o f r e a d e r s a n d s t u d e n t s h a v e
n o t a c ce s s t o a fu l l S h a k e s p e ar i a n l i b r ar y
. Th e [f a t /28 7 w h e th e r h e
,

h a v e th a t p r iv i l ege o r n o t w il l fi nd M r F ur ne ss s e d i ti on i n v a l u a b l e
,
.
’

It i s a c o m pl e t e appa a tu s c r t cm c o m p r es s e d i n t o a
' '

fo r r e fe r e n ce .
r z z

s i ng l e vo l u m e p r e s e n ti n g i n t h e m o s t c o n v e n i e n t fo r m w h a t o n e wo u l d
,

e l se h a v e t o t u r n o e r m any b o ok s t o fi nd so m e o f th e m s o r ar e
’
,

a n d c o s tly as t o b e w ith i n t h e r e a c h o f o n l y a fa vo r e d fe w .
T HE H A RM U IR
, OR H EA T H
 C O NT E NT S .

N
I R
T OD U CT OI N TO M AC E ET H
I T H E H I ST O R
. Y OF TH E P LA Y
II T H E H I STO R I CAL S O
. UR C E S OF TH E P LA Y
III . C RI T I C A L C O M M E N T S ON TH E P LA Y
M A C B ET H

V .
 L
G A M IS C A S TL E .

INT RO D U C T IO N T O MACBET H .

I . I T O R Y O F T H E P LA Y
TH E H S .

M a rl el fi wa s fi rs t p r i n t e d i n t h e fo l i o o f 1 6 2 3 w h e r e i t o c ,

c u pi e s p a ge s 1 3 1 t o 1 5 1 i n c l u s i ve i n t h e d i vi s i o n O f
“
,
T ra ge
It was r e g i s t e r e d i n t h e b oo k s o f t h e S t a t i o n e rs
”
d i es .
’

C o m p a n y o n t h e 8 th o f N o ve m b e r 1 6 2 3 b y B l o u n t a n d
, , ,

J gg
a a r d t h
,
e p u b l i s h e r s o f t h e fo l i o a s o n e o f t
,
h e pl a y s

n o t fo rm e r ly e n t e r e d t o o th e r m e n It was wr i tt e n b e
”
.

t w e e n 1 6 04 a nd 1 6 1 0 ; t h e fo rm e r l i m i t b e i n g fi x e d b y t h e
a ll u s i o n t o t h e u n i o n o f E n l a n d a n d S c o tl a n d u n d e r J a m e s
g
a n d t h e l a tt e r b
I (i v 1
. . .
y t h e M S D i a ry o f D r S i m o n . .

Fo rm a n wh o s a w t h e pl a y p e r fo r m e d
,
“
a t t h e G l o be 1 6 1 0 , ,

th e 2 0 t h O f A pr i l It m ay th e n h ave b e e n a
'

Th i s M S i s . p reser ve d i n t h e B od l e i a n y Li b
O x fo r dr arT he p as
at .
<

sage r e fe r r i ng t o M a c bet /
z i s as fo l l o ws , t h e S p e l l i ng b e i ng m o d e r n i z e d
“
In M acb e th , a t t h e G l o b e , 1 6 1 0, t h e 2 0t h o f A p r il , S a t ur d a , th e r e y
fi
was t o b e ob se r ve d rs t h o w M a cb e t h an d B a n u o, t wo nob l e m e n o f q
[0 M A C B E TH .

ne w pl y b
a ,
*
ut i t i s m o r e p ro b ab l e a s n e a r ly a l l t h e c r i t i c s ,

a
gre e , th t i t a was wri tt e n i n 1 6 05 o r 1 6 0 6 T h e a c c e ss i o n .

S c o tl a n d , i d i ng th r o u g h a wo o d th e r e s t o o d b e f r e th e m th re e w o m e n '

r o ,
,

fa i r i e s o r n y m ph s a nd s a l u t e d M a cb e th s a yi ng th r e e ti m e s u n t o h i m
, , ,

H a il M acb e th k i ng o f C o d o r fo r th o u S h a l l b e a k i ng b u t S h a l l b e ge t
T h e n s a i d B a n q u o W h a t a l l t o M a c be th a n d n o thi ng t o
, , , ,

n o k i n gs e t c

m e ? Y e s s a i d t h e n y m p h s H a i l t o th e e B a n q u o ; t h o u S h a l l b e ge t
, .
, ,

, , , ,

k i ngs y e t b e n o k i ng
,
A n d s o th e y d e p a r t e d a n d c a m e t o t h e C o u r t o f
.
,

S co tl a nd t o D u n c a n k i ng o f S c o t s a n d i t w as i n t h e d ay s O f Ed w a r d t h e
, ,

C o n fess o r A n d D u n ca n b ad e th e m bo t h k i nd ly w e l co m e a nd m ad e
.
,

M a cbe t h [s i c] fo r th w it h P r i nce o f No r th u m b e rl a nd a nd s e n t h i m h o m e ,

t o h i s o w n cas tl e a n d a pp o i n t e d M a cb e t h t o p r o v i d e fo r h i m fo r h e
, ,

w o u l d s u p w i th h i m t h e n e xt d ay a t n i g h t a nd d id s o A n d M a cb e t h , .

co n t r i ve d t o k i l l D u n c a n a n d th r o u g h t h e p e r s u a s i o n o f h i s w i fe d i d t h a t
,

n i g h t m u rd e r t h e k i ng i n h i s o wn ca s tl e b e i n g hi s g u e s t A nd t h e re , .

w e re m a n y p r o d i g i e s s e e n t h a t n i g h t a nd t h e d a y b e fo r e A nd w h e n .

M a cb e t h h a d m u r d e re d t h e k i ng t h e b l o o d o n h i s h a nd s c o u l d n o t b e ,

w as h e d o ff b y a ny m e a ns n o r fro m hi s w i fe s h a nd s w hi c h h a n d l e d t h e
’

, ,

b l o o d y d agge r s i n hi d i ng th e m b y w h i c h m e a ns t h e y b e c a m e b o t h m u c h ,

T h e m u r d e r b e i ng k n o w n D u n can s t w o s o ns
’
a m a z e d a n d a tl ro nt e d

fl e d t h e o ne t o E ngl a nd t h e [o th e r t o ] W a l e s t o s a v e th e m s e l v e s ; t h ey
.
,

, , ,

b e i ng fl e d th e y w e r e s u pp o s e d gu il ty o f t h e m u r d e r o f th e i r fa th e r w h i c h
, ,

w a s n o thi ng s o T h e n w a s M a cb e t h c r ow n e d k i ng a n d th e n h e fo r fe a r
o f B a n q u o h i s o l d co m p a n i o n th a t h e s h o u l d b e e t k i n gs b u t h e n o k i n
.
,

g g
hi m s e l f h e co n t r i v ed t h e d e a th o f B a nq u o a nd c a u s e d hi m t o b e m u rd e r
, ,

, ,

e d o u t h e wa y as h e r o d e T h e n e xt n i g h t b e i ng a t s u pp e r w i th h i s
n o b l e m e n w h o m h e h a d b i d t o a fe a s t t o t h e w h i c h a l s o B a n q u o s h o u l d
.
,

, ,

h a v e co m e h e b e gan t o s p e a k o f n o b l e B a n q u o a n d t o w i s h t h a t h e we re
, ,
.

t h e r e A n d a s h e t h u s d i d s t a n d i ng u p t o d r i n k a c a r o u s e t o h i m t h e
g h o s t o f B a n q uo ca m e a n d s a t d o w n i n h i s c h a i r b e h i n d h i m
.
, ,

A nd h e
t u r n i ng ab o u t t o S i t d o wn aga i n s a w t h e g h os t o f B a n q u o whi c h fr o n t e d
.
,

h i m so th a t h e fe l l i n a g r e a t p ass i o n o f fe a r a nd fu y u tt e r i ng m a ny
, ,

w o r d s a b o u t h i s m u rd e r b y w h i c h w h e n t h e y h e a rd t h a t B a n q u o w a s
,

m u rd e r e d th ey s u s pcc tc d M a cb e th
, ,

,
T h e n M ac d u ff fl e d t o E n gl a n d t o .

t h e k i ng s so n a n d s o th e y r a i s e d a n a r m y a n d ca m e i n t o S c o tl a n d a n d
’
, ,

a t D u n s ce n a n s e o v e r th re w M a c be th In t h e m e a n ti m e w hil e M a c d u ff
y .
,

w as i n E n gl a n d M a cb e th s l e w M a c d u ff s w i fe a nd c h il d re n a nd a ft e r i n
’

O b s e r v e a l s o h o w M a cb e th s q u e e n
, , ,

t h e b a ttl e M a cd u ff S l e w M a c b e th
’
.
,

d i d r i s e i n t h e n i g h t i n h e s l e e p a n d wa l k e d an d t a l k e d a n d c o n fe ss e d
r
, ,

a l l a n d t h e D o ct o r n o t e d h e r w o r d s
, .

Th e C l a r e nd o n P r ess e d i t o rs th i nk i t was s i nce o th e r w i se F o r m a n ,

 IN TR OD U C TIOA
’

.
1 1

of J m e s m a d e Sc o tt i s h s u bj ec t s p o p u l ar i n E n g l a n d a nd
a ,

t h e t a l e o f M a cbetfi a nd B a n qu o w o u l d b e o n e o f t h e fi r s t t o

b e b r o u ght fo rw a rd as B a n q u o wa s h e l d t o b e a n a n ce s t o r
,

A L at i n “
i n t e r l u d e o n th i s s ubj e c t wa s
”
'

o f t h e ne w k i n g .

p e rfo r m e d a t Oxfo rd i n 1 6 05 o n t h e o cc a s i o n o f t h e k i n g s ,
’

vi s i t t o t h e c i ty ; b u t th e re i s n o r e a s o n fo r s u pp o s i n g a s ,

Fa r m e r d i d t h a t S h a k e s p e a r e go t t h e h i n t o f h i s t r age d y
,

fr o m th a t s o u r c e .

It i s b a r e ly p o ss i b l e th a t th e r e w as a n e a r l i e r pl a y o n t h e
s u bj ec t o f M a c b e th C o ll i e r fi n d s i n t h e R eg i s t e rs o f t h e
.

S t a t i o n e rs C o m p a ny u n d e r d a t e o f A u gu s t 2 7 1 5 9 6 t h e
’
, , ,

e n t ry o f a B a ll a d o f M ak d ob e t h w h i c h h e g i ve s pl a u s i b l e ,

r e a s o n s for s u pp o s i n g t o h a ve b e e n a d r a m a a n d n o t a ,
“
b a ll a d p r op e r ly so c a ll e d T h e r e a pp e a rs to b e a re f .

e r e n c e t o t h e s a m e p i e c e i n K e m p s [V i ne D ay s Wond er ’ ’
,

p r i n t e d i n 1 6 00 w h e re i t i s c a ll e d a m i s e r abl e s t o l n e
,
“

s t o r y t h e w o rk o f a p e n n y P o e t
”
,
”
.

S t e e ve n s m a i n t a i n e d th a t S h a k e s p e a r e wa s i n d e b t e d i n t h e ,

s u p e r n a t u r a l p a r t s o f M a bel /z t o Tb e Wz tefi a pl a y by T h o m a s
' '

, ,

M i dd l e t o n w h i c h wa s d i s c o ve r e d i n m a n u s c r i pt t o w a rd s t h e
,

c l o s e o f t h e l a s t c e n t u ry M a l o n e a t fi rs t t oo k t h e s a m e .

vi e w o f t h e s u bj e c t b u t a ft e rw a rd s c am e t o t h e c o n c l u s i o n
,

wo u d ll y h ave b ee n a t t h e p a i ns t o m ak e a n e l ab o r a t e s u mm ar y
s c ar ce

o f t h e pl o t B u t t h a t m e r e l y s h o ws th a t t h e pl ay w as n e w t o fi l m a nd
”

t h a t t h e s t o ry m a d e a d e e p i m p r ess i on u p o n h i m
.
,

T h e s a m e e d i t o rs fi nd a n o b vi o u s a l l u s i o n t o t h e gh os t o f B a n q u o

i n B e a u m o n t a nd F l e t c h e r s [f r g/l l of M e B u r n i ng P es t/e p r o d u ce d i n
’
a ,

1 61 1
Wh en t h ou a rt a t l
t h e t ab e wi t h th y fri end s ,
M e r ry i n h e ar t fil l ’ d w i
an d sw e th ll i ng w i n e ,
I ll
’
com e in t
m i d s o f al l t h y r i d e p an d m i r th ,

I vi ibl
n s e to al l m e n b u t se f ; thy l
”

a nd th ey th i nk th a t “ th i s s u pp or t s t h e i nfer ence t h a t M a cbeth was i n

1 6 1 1 a n e w pl ay an d fr es h i n t h e r e co l l e c ti o n o f t h e a u d i e n c e
”
B ut
M r H a l l i w e l l fi nd s q u i t e a s ob v i o u s a n a l l u s i o n t o B a n q u o s g h o s t i n
.
,
’

t h e P u r i ta n p r i n t e d i n 1 607
.

we l l h a t h e g h os t i t h w h it e s h ee t s i t
’ ’ ’ ’
, :

at u pp e r e nd 0 t h t ab l e
’ ’
.
 2 M AC E E TH .

th t M i d d l t n s pl y w t h l t r p r d t i n d th t h
a e o
’
a as e a e o uc o , an a e

m st th r f
u b t h pl g i i s t Th C l r n d n P s s d
e e o re e e a ar . e a e o re e

it t k t h g n d th t th r
o rs a p r t i n s f M b th
e e ro u a e e a re o o o ac e

w h i h Sh k s p
c did t wr i t ; th t th sa w r i t p
e e a re no e a e e e e n er o

l t d ft r t h p t s d th
a e a t l s t ft r h h d
e s d e oe
’
ea , or a ea a e e a ce a e

t b o n n t d w i th t h th t ;
e co d th t t h i n t r p l t
ec e e e a re an a
“
e e o a or

t i m p r b b ly T h m s M i d d l t n M F G Fl y
”
w a s, n o o a ,
o a e o . r . . . ea

a l s i n p p r r d b f t h N w Sh k s p S i ty
o, a a e ea e ore e e a e re oc e ,

J n 6 8 74 m k s th i s s t t m n t M b t/ i i t s p r s n t
.

“
u e 2 ,
1 ,
a e a e e u e z n e e

st t is a e lt r d py f t h i g i n l d r m
an a d th lt r e e co o e or a a a, a n e a e

a t i o ns w e r e m a d e by
T h e s e vi e ws h a ve fo u n d l i ttl e fa vo u r w i th o th e r S h ak e
s pe a r i a n c r i t i c s A m o r e s a t i s fa c t o ry e x pl a n a t i o n o f t h e i m
.

p e r fe c t i o n s o f t h e pl ay a s cr i be s th e m t o t h e h a s t e w i t h w h i c h
i t wa s wr i t te n T W h i t e wh o r e fe rs i t s c o m p o s i t i o n t o t h e “
,

p e r i o d b e t w e e n O c t o b e r 1 6 0 4 a n d A u gu s t r e m ar k s : , , ,

I a m t h e m o r e i n c l i n e d t o th i s O p i n i o n fro m t h e i n d i c a t i o n s
w h i c h t h e pl a y i t s e l f a ffo d s th a t i t wa s p ro d u c e d u p o n a n r

e m e rg e n c y It e x h i b i t s th ro u gh o u t t h e h a s ty e x e cu t i o n o f a
.

g r a n d a n d c l e a r ly c o n c e i ve d d e si g n B u t t h e h a s t e i s th a t .

t T h e C l ar n d o n P r ess e d it o r s a n d M r F l e a y a r e e q u i t
e cl o s e l y i n
a
e g .

r eg a r d t o t h e p o r ti o n s o f t h e pl a y w h i c h th e y a s s i n t o M i dd l e t o n T h ei r
g .

c r iti c i s m s o n m os t O f t h e se p as s a e s a r e m e n ti o n e d i n o u r n o t e s \Ve
g .

m a y r e fe r t h ose w h o a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n t h e l i t e r a t u r e o f t h e s u bj e c t t o t h e
C P e d o f M zcbet /z p vii i fo l F u r nes s s Ne w Va r i o r u m e d o f [li a r
. . .
, . . .
,
’ ”
.

oet /z p 3 8 8 fo l Tr a n
,
. ti o o
f [Vew S /z a / per e S oci ety 1 8 74 p 3 3 9 fo l
.
, sa c ns e
s , , . .

a n d 49 8 fo l an d Fl e a
y s S l a l wf a e M m u a l p a r t i i c h a p x
’
.
, z s e r , .
, . .

I M r F J F u rn iv a l l i n h i s i n t ro d uc t i o n t o G e r vi n u s s C m m en t a i
’
n o r es o

/ea r e t r a n s l a t e d by M i s s B u nn e t t ( Lo n d o n
. .
,

SV za l e s v re fe r r i ng t o M r
'

, .

F l e a y s c r iti c i s m s s a y s M r H a l es th i nk s th a t t h e c h a n ge t o t h e t r o “
’
:

c h a l e m e t r e * i n H e ca t e s s p e e c h es a n d th e i r i n fe r i o r q a l i ty p o i n t t o a
, .

’
, u ,

d i ffe re n t h a n d p e r h a p s M i dd l e t o n s ; b u t t h a t i s a l l O f th e pl a y th a t h e o r
’
,

I ( wh o s til l h es it a t e ) c an y e t s u r re n d e r T h e w o n d e r fu l p a ce a t w h i c h
t h e pl ay w a s pl a i n l y w r itt e n— a fe v e r i s h h as t e d r i v e s i t o u — w i l l a c c o u n t
.

fo r m a ny we a k n e ss e s i n d e t a il
”
.

T hi i vi d tly l i p f t h p M F iv ll m t t w it t th m é
s s e en a s o e en . r . ur n a ea n o r e
“
o e za
' '

zc

m t e re Th wit h
.
”
M H l e m k lw y p k i t h i
c e s, a s rd H. t a es re ar s, a a s s ea n r oc a cs , a n e ca e

a l w y i i mb i ( T
a s n / N w S k /t p S
a cs 8 74 p r a ns . o e a s . oc . 1 , .
 IN TR OD U C TION: 1 3

of a m a s t e r o f h i s a r t wh o w i th c o n s c i o u s co m m a n d o f i t s
, ,

r e s o u r ce s a n d i n t h e fre n z y o f a gr a n d i n s p i r a t i o n w o rk s o u t
, ,

h i s c o m p o s i t i o n t o i t s m i n u t e s t d e t a i l Of e ss e n t i a l fo r m l e a v ,

i ng t h e w o rk o f s u rface fi n i s h fo r t h e o c c u p a t i o n o f co o l e r
l e i s u re W h a t t h e S i s t i n e M a d o n n a wa s t o R a ph a e l i t s ee m s
.
,

th a t M a cbet/z was to S h a k e s p e a re— a m agn i fic e n t i m p ro m pt u

th a t k i n d o f i m p r o m pt u w h i c h r e s u lt s fro m t h e a ppl i c a t i o n
o f w e ll d i s c i pl i n e d p o w e r s a n d r i c h s t o r e s o f t h o u g ht t o a
-

s u bj e c t s ugge s t e d by o c ca s i o n I a m i n c l i n e d t o r ega rd .
‘
'

M a coet/z as fo r t h e m o s t p a r t a s p e c i m e n o f S h a k e s p e a r e s
’

, ,

u n e l a b o r a t e d i f n o t u n fin i s h e d w r i t i n
, g i n t h e m a t u r i ty a n d , ,

h i gh e s t vi t a l i ty o f h i s ge n i u s It ab o u n d s i n i n s t a n ce s o f .

ex t r e m e s t c o m p r e ss i o n a n d m o s t d a r i n g e ll i p s i s w h i l e i t e x ,

h i b i t s i n e ve r y s c e n e a u n i o n o f s u p r e m e d r a m a t i c a n d p oe t i c
p o we r a n d i n a l m o s t e ve r y l i n e a n i m p e r i a lly i rr e s p o n s i b l e
,

c o n t r o l o f l a n g u ag e H e n c e I th i n k i t s l a c k o f c o m pl e t e
.
, ,

n e ss o f ve rs i fic a t i o n i n c e r t a i n p a ss age s a n d a l s o s o m e o f ,

t h e i m p e rfec t i o n o f t h e t e x t t h e th o ug ht i n w h i c h t h e c o m ,

p osi t o rs w e r e n o t a l w ay s a b l e t o fo ll o w a n d a pp r e h e n d
”
.

II . TH E I
H S O T R I CA L SO UR C ES O F TH E P LAY .

h a k e sp e a r e m at e r i a l s fo r t h e pl o t o f M a cbet/z
d re w th e
fr o m H o l i n s h e d s C h r o n i c l e s o f E ngl a nd e Sco t l a nd e a n d
“ ’

, ,

Ir e l a n d t h e fi r s t e d i t i o n O f w h i c h was p u b l i s h e d i n 1 5 77
”
, ,

a n d t h e s e c o n d ( w h i c h wa s d o u b tl e ss t h e o n e t h e p o e t u s e d
)
i n 1 5 8 6 8 7 1 Th e e x t r a c t s fr o m H o l i n s h e d i n o u r n o t e s w i ll
— 9
S h o w th a t t h e m a i n i n c i d e n t s a re t a k e n fr o m h i s ac c o u n t O f

Re v C E M ob e rl y i n h i s e d i ti o n Of M a cbet h ( Lon d on :
. . .
, s ay s

th a t t h e w h o l e s t o ry i s t ol d “ i n A l bi on s E ng l a n d p u b l i s h e d j us t be fo re ’

T h e fi rs t e d i ti o n o f A l o on s E ng l a n d co n t a i n i ng
,

E l i z ab e th s d e a t h ”
’ '
’
. z ,

t hi t e e n b o o k s o f t h e p o e m a pp e ar e d i n 1 5 86 b u t t h e s t o r y o f M ac
r
“ ”
, ,

b e t h i s i n t h e F i ft ee n th B o o k w h i c h fo r m s p a r t o f t h e C o n ti n u a n ce
” ”

fi rs t p ub l i s h ed i n 1 606
, ,

A s S h ak e s p e a re u s e d t h e s e co n d e d i ti o n o f H o l i ns h e d i n w r i ti ng
R i ck a r d 1 1 ( s e e o u r e d i ti o n o f t h a t pl a y p
. th e re ca n b e n o d o u b t , .

th a t h e used it for M a coet/z whi c h was wr i tt en l a t e r , .

 M A CB E TH
1 4
.

t wo s e p a r a t e e ve n t s — t h e m u rd e r o f D u n c a n b y M a cb e th a n d ,

th a t o f Ki n g D u ffe t h e gr e a t gr a n d fa th e r o f L a d y M a cb e th
,
-

b y D o n wa l d It w i ll b e s e e n t oo th a t S h ak e s p e a r e h a s d e
.
, ,

vi a t e d i n o th e r r e s p ec t s fro m t h e c h r o n i c l e e s p e c i a lly i n t h e ,

gha ra c t e r o f B a n qu o .

A lth ou g h a s Kn i ght r e m a rks t h e i n t e r e s t o f M a cbet/z i s

“
, ,

n o t a n l z i s tor i ca l i n t e re s t s o th a t i t m a tt e rs l i ttl e w h e th e r
”
,

t h e a c t i o n i s t ru e o r h a s b e e n r e l a t e d as t r u e w e m ay a d d , ,

fo r t he b e n e fi t o f o u r y o u n ge r r e a d e rs th a t t h e s t o r y O f t h e ,

d r a m a i s a l m o s t w h o lly ra poc ryph a l Th e m o r e a u th e n t i c .

h is to ry i s th u s s u m m a r i z e d by S i r W a lt e r Sc o tt
D u n c a n b y h i s m oth e r B e a t r i ce a g ra n d s o n o f M a l c o l m
,

II s u c c e e d e d t o t h e th r o n e o n h i s g r a n d fa th e r s d e a th i n
’
.
, ,

1 0 3 3 : h e r e i g n e d o n ly s i x y e a r s M acb e th h i s n e a r r e l a .
,

t i o n a l s o a gr a n d c h i l d o f M al col m II th oug h by t h e m o th e r s
,
.
,
’

S i d e was s t i r re d u p b y a m b i t i o n t o c o n t e s t t h e th ro n e w i th
,

t h e p o ss e ss o r Th e L ad y o f M a cb e th a l s o w h o s e re a l n a m e
.
,

w a s G ra o c h h a d d e a d ly i n j u r i e s t o a ve n ge o n t h e r e i g n i n g
,

p r i n ce S h e was t h e gra n dd a u ght e r o f Ke n n e th IV k i ll e d

. .
,

1 00 3 fi ht i n a a i n s t M a l c o l m II a n d o th e r c au s e s fo r re
g , g g .

ve n ge a n i m a t e d t h e m i n d o f h e r wh o h as b e e n s i n c e p a i n t e d

as t h e s te r n e s t Of wo m e n T h e Ol d a n n al i s t s a d d s o m e i n
'

s t i a t i o n s o f a s u p e r n a t u r a l k i n d t o t h e i n fl u e n ce o f a vi n d i c
g
t i ve w o m a n ove r a n a m b i t i o u s h u s b a n d T h re e w o m e n o f .
,

m o r e th a n h u m a n s t a t u r e a n d b e au ty a pp e a re d t o M acb e th ,

i n a d r e a m o r vi s i o n a nd h a i l e d h i m s u c ce ss i ve ly by t h e
,

t i tl e s o f T h a n e o f C ro m a r ty T h a n e o f M o r ay w h i c h t h e , ,

k i n g a ft e r w a rd s b e s t o w e d o n h i m a n d fi n ally b y th a t o f Ki n g ,

o f S c o t s ; th i s d r e a m i t i s s a i d i n s p i re d h i m w i th t h e s e d u c
, ,

t i ve h op e s so w e ll e x p re ss e d i n t h e d r a m a .

M a c b e th b ro k e n o l a w O f h o s p i t a l i ty i n h i s a tt e m pt o n
D u n c a n s l i fe H e a tt a c k e d a n d s l e w t h e k i n g a t a pl ac e
’
.

c a ll e d B o t h go wa n o r t h e S m i th s H o u s e n e a r E l i n i n 1 0 3 9
’
, g , , ,

a n d n o t as h as b e e n s u pp o s e d i n h i s o wn c a s tl e O f In ve r n e SS
, , .

Th e a c t wa s b l oo d y a s was t h e co m pl ex i o n O f t h e t i m e s ;
,
 IN T) ? 00 U C TION 1 5
.

b u t , i n ve r y t r th u th r n ,
th e l
c a im of M a cb e th to t h e o e, ac

co rd i n g t t h r l f S tt i s h s
o ss i n w b tt
e th
u e o co u cce o ,
as e er an

th t f D n n A k i n g t h ty r n t m h x l i m d
a o u ca . s a ,
e a so uc e c a e

a
g i n s
a t w i l i ty fi m j s t
as , d q i t
n b l p i
re a fi“
,
a r ,
u ,
an e u a e r nc e

A pp r h n s i n s f d gé f m
e e p r ty w h i h M l l m t h
o o an r ro a a c a co ,
e

eld st e f th s l g ht
son d D n n h d
o t f t in
e au e re u ca ,
a se on oo

N th m b l n d
or u d s t i ll m i n t i n d i n S tl n d s m i n
er a ,
an a a e co a ,
ee ,

p r ss f t i m t h v s r d t h t m p r f M b th d
oc e o e, o a e ou e e e e o ac e ,
an

r n d r d h i m f rm id b l t h i s n b i l ty Ag i n s t M d fi
'

e e e o a e o o i . a ac u ,

i p t i l r t h p w rf l M
n ar cu a m r f F if h h d tt r d
,
e o e u ao r o o e, e a u e e

s m th
o e ts wh i h si n d th t h i f t fl y f m t h
re a c o cc a o e a c e o ro e

c our t f S tl n d o U g d by th i s co w n s ll
a S i w rd
. r e ne cou e o r, a ,

th D n i s h E r l f N th m b r l n d i n v d d S tl n d i t h
e a a o or u e a ,
a e co a n e

y r 5 4 d i s pl y i n g h i s b n n r i b h l f f t h b n i s h d
ea 1 0 ,
a a e n e a O e a e

M l lm a co M b th n g g d t h f . i t h e n i gh b
ac e h d e a e e oe n e our oo

of his l b t d s tl f D n s i n n H w d f t d b t
ce e ra e ca e o u a e . e as e ea e ,
u

es p d f m t h b ttl
ca e d w
ro s l i n t L m ph n n i e a e, a n as a a u a a n
’
1 0
5 63
W h e th e r h
k e s p e a r e wa s e ve r i n Sc o tl a n d i s a q u e s t i o n
S a

th a t h as b e e n m u c h d i s c u ss e d K n i ght ( B i ogr aphy e d 1 8 6 5 .

,
.
,

p 4 2 0 fo l ) e n d e a vo u rs to p ro ve th a t t h e p oe t vi s i t e d th a t
. .

c o u n t r y i n 1 5 8 9 b u t m o s t o f t h e e d i t o r s a r ee th a t th e r e i s
g ,

n o s a t i sfa c t o r y e vi d e n ce o f h i s h a vi n
g e ve r b e e n t h e r e i
‘

III . R I T I CA L COM M E N T S O N T H E P L AY
C .

[F r om H a z l i tt s Ch a r a cter s of S h a hespea r e s P l ay s
’ “ ’
.
1]
M a cbet h ( ge n e r a lly p ak i n g) i s d n p n s t r n g r
S e o e u o a o e a nd

m o re sys te m a t i p r i n i pl f n t s t th n y th
c c e o co ra a an o er of

t
a
A s Re v M r . . M b l y m k thi v i w i
o er fi m d by M E
re ar s, s e s co n r e r . . A .

F r e e m a n ( Vor m a n Con qu est , 1 1 p 5 5 )

T
’ “
A l l ge n u i n e S c o tti s h . . t ra d i t i O I

p o i nt s t o t h e r e i gn o f M acb e th a s a p e r i od o f u nu s u a l p e a ce and p r os p e r
y
i t i n th a t d i s t u r b e d l a nd ”

y
.

T F or a g ood s u m m ar of i
t h e d sc u s s o n s e e F a r ne ss s i ’
M a cbet h , p .

407 fo l .

C
1 h a r a cter s o
f Sh al '
es
’
pea r e s P l ay s , b y W i l l i am H az l i tt , ed i ted by W
L
.

C a re w H az l itt ( o n d o n, p . 1 7 .
1 6 M A CB E TH

S h ak e s p e a r e s pl ay s It m o ve s u p o n t h e ve rge o f a n ab y ss
’
.
,

a n d i s a c o n s t a n t s t r u gl e b e t w e e n l i fe a n d d e a th Th e a c
g .

t i o n i s d e s p e ra t e a nd t h e r e ac t i o n i s d re a d fu l It i s a h u d .

d l i ng t oge th e r o f fi e r ce e x t r e m e s a wa r o f o pp o s i t e n a t u re s
,

w h i c h o f t h e m S h a ll d e s t roy t h e o th e r T h e r e i s n o th i n g b u t
.

w h a t h a s a vi o l e n t e nd o r vi o l e n t b eg i n n i n gs T h e l i ght s .

a n d s h a d e s a r e l a i d o n w i th a d e t e r m i n e d h a n d ; t h e t r a n s i

t i o n s fro m t r i u m ph to d e s p a i r fro m t h e h e i ght o f t e rr o r t o

,

t h e r e p o s e o f d e a th a r e s u dd e n a n d s t a r tl i n g , e ve r y p a ss i o n
,

b r i n g s i n i t s fe ll o w c o n t r a r y a n d t h e th o u ght s p i t c h a n d
-

j o s tl e aga i n s t e a c h o th e r a s i n t h e d a r k Th e w h ol e pl ay i s .

a n u n r u ly c h a o s o f s t r a n e a n d fo r b i d d e n th i n s w h e r e t h e
g g ,

g ro u n d r o c ks u n d e r o u r fe e t S h a k es p e a r e s ge n i u s h e r e
’
.

t o o k i t s fu ll sw i n g a n d t ro d u p o n t h e fa rth e s t b o u nds O f n a t
,

u r e a n d p a ss i o n .T h i s c i r c u m s t a n c e w i ll a cc o u n t fo r t h e
a b r u pt n e s s a n d vi o l e n t a n t i th e s e s O f th e s tyl e t h e th r oe s a n d ,

l a b o u r w h i c h r u n th ro ug h t h e e x p r e ss i o n a nd fr o m d e fe c t s ,

w i ll t u r n th e m i n t o b e au t i e s So fa i r a nd fo u l a d a y e t c
.
”
, .

S u c h w e l c o m e a n d u n w e l c om e n e ws t oge th e r M en s
“ ” “ ’
.

l i ve s a re l i k e t h e fl o w e rs i n th e i r c ap s d y i n g o r e re th e y s i c k
,
~

L o o k l i k e t h e i n n o c e n t fl o w e r b u t b e t h e s e rp e n t
” “
en .
,

u n d e r It T h e s c e n e b e fo r e t h e c a s tl e ga t e fo ll o ws t h e a p -

p e a r a nc e O f t h e w i t c h e s o n t h e h e a th a n d i s fo ll o w e d b y a ,

m id n i ght m u rd e r D u n c a n i s c u t O ff b e t i m e s b y t r e a s o n
.

l e ague d w i th w i t c h cr a ft a nd M a c d u ff i s r i pp e d u n t i m e ly fr o m
,

h i s m o th e r s w o m b t o a ve n ge h i s d e a th M a cb e th a ft e r t h e
’
.
,

d e ath o f B a n q u o w i s h e s fo r h i s p re s e n c e i n e x t r a vaga n t
,

T o a l l a n d h i m we th i rs t a nd w h e n h i s g h o s t a p
“ ”
t erm s , , , ,

p e a rs c r i e s o u t A va u n t a nd qu i t m y s i ght a nd b e i n g
,
“
,
”
,

go n e h e i s
,
“
h i m s e l f ag a i n In L a d y M ac b e th s s p e e c h
.
’
,

H a d h e n o t r e s e m bl e d m y fa th e r as h e S l e pt I h a d d o n e t
” ’

, ,

th e r e i s m u rd e r a nd fi l i a l p i e ty t oge th e r a nd i n u rgi n g h i m t o ,

fu l fi l h i s ve n ge a n c e aga i n s t t h e d e fe n ce l e ss k i n g h e r th o u g ht s ,

S p a r e t h e b l o o d n e i th e r o f i n fa n t s n o r o l d a ge T h e d e s c ri p .

t i o n O f th e w i t c h e s i s fu ll Of th e s a m e c o n t r ad i c t o ry p r i n c i pl e ;
 IN TR OD U C TION 1 7

th y e r ej o i ce w h e n go o d k i n gs
“
th e y are n e i th e r o f
t h e e a r th n o r t h e a i r b u t b o th ; th e y s h ou l d b e wome n b ut
“
, ,

th e i r b e ard s fo r b i d i t , th e y t a k e al l t h e p a i n s p o s s i bl e t o
”

l e a d M acb e th o n t o t h e h e i ght o f h i s a m b i t i o n o n ly t o b e ,

t r ay h i m i n d ee p e r co n s e q u e n ce a n d a ft e r s h o wi n g h i m ,

a l l t h e p o m p o f th e i r a r t d i s co ve r th e i r m a l i g n a n t d e l i g ht i n
,

h i s d i s a pp o i n t e d h op e s by th a t b i tt e r t a u n t W hy s t a n d s
“
,

M a cb e th th u s a m az e d ly We m i ght m u lt i ply s uc h i n
”
?

s t a n c e s e ve r y w h e r e .

[Fr om M r s fi t m eson
. Ch a r a cter i sti cs of Wom en T]
’
s .

In t h e m i n d o f L a d y M a c b e th a m b i t i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d as ,

t h e r u l i n g m o t i ve a n i n t e n s e o ve rm a s t e r i n g p a ss i o n w h i c h i s
, ,

r a t i fie d a t t h e e x p e n s e o f e ve r y j u s t a n d ge ne r o u s p r i n c i pl e
g ,

a n d e ve ry fe m i n i n e fe e l i n g In t h e p u rs u i t o f h e r O bj e c t s h e
.
,

i s c r u e l t r e a c h e r o u s a n d d ar i n g
, , S h e i s d o u b ly t r e b ly d y e d
.
,

i n gu i lt a n d b l o o d ; fo r t h e m u rd er sh e i n s t i ga t e s i s r e n d e r e d
m o r e fr i ght fu l b y d i s l oy a lty a n d i n g ra t i t u d e a n d by t h e vi o ,

l a t i o n o f a l l t h e m o s t s a c re d c l a i m s o f k i n d re d a n d h o s p i t a l
i ty W h e n h e r h u s b a n d s m o r e k i n d ly n a t u r e s h r i n k s fro m
.
’

t h e p e r p e t r a t i o n o f t h e d e e d o f h o rro r sh e l ik e a n e vi l ge n i u s , , ,

w h i s p e r s h i m o n to h i s d a m n a t i o n T h e fu ll m e a s u r e o f h e r .

w i c k e d n e ss i s n e ve r d i s gu i s e d t h e m agn i t u d e a nd a t r oc i ty
,

o f h e r c r i m e i s n e ve r e x t e n u a t e d fo rg o tt e n o r fo r g i ve n i n
‘

, , ,

t h e w h o l e c o u r s e o f t h e pl ay L a d y M a cb e th s a m a z i n g
’
.

p o w e r o f i n t e ll e c t h e r i n e x o ra b l e d e t e rm i n a t i o n O f p u r p o s e
, _

h e r s u p e r h u m a n s t r e n gth o f n e r ve r e n d e r h e r a s fe a rfu l i n ,

h e r s e l f as h e r d e e d s a re h a t e fu l y e t S h e i s n ot a m e r e m o n ,

s t e r o f d e p r a vi ty w i th w h o m we h a ve n o th i n g i n c o m m o n
, ,

n o r a m e t e o r w h o s e d e s t r oy i n g p a th we w a t c h i n i n o r a n t
g
a ffr i g ht a n d a m az e S h e i s a t e r r i b l e i m p e r s o n a t i o n o f e vi l
'

9“
M r F ur ne ss q u o ti n g thi s i n his iti on o f M a cheth ( p
ed as k s : IS
th a t H a z l i tt s h o u l d h ave fo rgo tt e n th a t thi s l i ne i s
. , .

it p ass i ng s t r a nge
no t

n on e o f S h a k e sp e ar e s 9
’ ”

1 A m e r i ca n e d ( B o s t o n
. p .
443 fo l .

B
1 8 M A CB E TH .

p a ss i o n s a n d m i ghty p o w e rs n e ve r S O fa r r e m o ve d fr o m o u r
,

o wn n a t u r e a s t o b e c a s t b e y o n d t h e p a l e o f o u r s y m p a th i e s ;

fo r t h e w o m a n h e rs e l f r e m a i n s a w o m a n t o t h e l a s t — s t i ll
l i nk e d w i th h e r se x a nd w i th h u m a n i ty .

We m u s t b e a r i n m i n d th a t t h e firs t i d e a O f m u rd e r i n g
D u n c a n i s n o t s ugge s t e d b y L a d y M ac b e th t o h e r h u s b a n d :
i t s p r i n gs w i th i n h i s m i n d a n d i s r e ve a l e d t o u s [
,
i 3 1 3 0—1 3 7]
. .

b e fo r e h i s fi rs t i n t e r vi e w w i th h i s w i fe— b e fo re S h e i s i n t r o ~

d u c e d o r e ve n a ll u d e d t o .

It wi l l b e s a i d th a t t h e s a m e h o rr i d s u gge s t i o n p r e s e n t s
“

i t s e l f s p o n t a n e o u s ly t o h e r o n t h e r e c e pt i o n o f h i s l e tt e r ; o r
, ,

r a th e r th a t t h e l e tt e r ac t s u p o n h e r m i n d a s a p r o ph e c y o f
,

t h e W e i rd S i s t e rs o n t h e m i n d o f h e r h u s b a n d k i n d l i n g t h e
,

l a t e n t p a ss i o n fo r e m p i r e i n t o a q u e n c hl e ss fl a m e We a re .

p re p are d to se e t h e t ra i n o f e vi l fi rs t l i g ht e d by h e ll i s h
,

a ge n c y e x t e n d i t s e l f t o h er th r o u g h t h e m e d i u m o f h e r h u s
,

b a n d ; b u t we a r e s p a r e d t h e m o re r e vo lt i n g i d e a th a t i t
o ri g i n a t e d w i th h e r . T h e g u i lt i s th u s m o re e q u a lly d i
vi d e d th a n w e s h o u l d s u pp o s e w h e n w e h e a r p e o pl e p i ty
,
~

t h e n o b l e n a t u r e O f M ac b e th b e w i l d e r e d a n d go a d
”
i ng ,

e d o n t o c ri m e ,
s o l e ly o r c h i e fly by t h e i n s t i g a t i o n o f h i s
w i fe.

It i s t ru e th a t S h e a ft e rw a r d s a pp e a rs t h e m o re a c t i ve
a e n t o f t h e t wo ; b u t i t i s l e ss th r o u h h e r p r e é m i n e n c e i n
g g
w i c k e d n e ss th a n th r o ug h h e r s u p e r i o r i ty o f i n t e ll e c t Th e .

e l o q u e n ce — t h e fi e rc e fe rvi d e l o q u e n c e w i th w h i c h S h e b e a r s
,

d o w n t h e r e l e n t i n g a nd r e l u c t a n t S p i r i t o f h e r h u s b a n d t h e ,

cl e x t e ro u s s o ph i s t ry w i th w h i c h S h e w a rd s o ff h i s o bj e c t i o n s ,

h e r a r t fu l a n d a ffe c t e d d o u b t s O f h i s c o u 1 a ge — t h e s a r c a s t i c
m a n n e r i n w h i c h s h e l e t s fa ll t h e w o rd c o w a rd — a w o r d w h i c h
n o m a n c a n e n d u r e fr o m a n o th e r s t i ll l e s s fro m a w o m a n
, ,

a n d l e a s t o f a l l fro m a wo m a n h e l o ve s and th e b ol d ad

d r e ss w i th w h i c h S h e r e m o ve s a l l o b s t a c l e s s i l e n ce s a l l a rgu
,

m e n t s o ve r p o w e rs a l l s c r u pl e s a n d m a r s h a l s t h e w ay b e fo re
, ,

h i m ab s o l u t e ly m ak e u s s h r i n k b e fo re t h e c o m m a n d i n g i i i
,
20 M A CB E TH .

e i t he r fro m h e r w o rd s o r h e r a c t i o n s In h e r fa m ou s sol i l o .

a ft e r r e a d i n e r h u s b a n d s l e tt e r s h e d o e s n o t o n ce
’

q yu , g h ,

r e fe r t o h e rs e l f It i s o f h i m s h e th i n k s : S h e w i s h e s t o s e e
.

h e r h u s b a n d o n t h e th r o n e a n d t o pl a ce t h e s c e pt r e w i th i n
,

h i s gr a s p T h e s t r e n gth o f h e r a ffe c t i o n a dd s s t r e n gth t o

.

h er am b i t i o n A lth o u g h i n t h e O l d s t o r y o f B o e th i u s we a r e
.

t o l d th a t t h e w i fe o f M a cb e th b u rn e d w i th u n qu e n c h ab l e
“

d e s i re t o b e a r t h e n a m e o f qu e e n ye t i n t h e a s p ec t u n d e r
”
,

w h i c h S h a k e s p e a re h as r e p r e s e n t e d t h e c h a r a c t e r t o u s t h e
s e l fis h p a r t O f th i s a m b i t i o n i s k e pt o u t o f s i ght We m u s t .

r e m a rk a l s o th a t i n L a d y M ac b e th s re fl e c t i o n s o n h e r h u s
,
’

b a n d s c h a r a c t e r a n d o n th a t m i l k i n e s s o f n a t u r e w h i c h s he
’
,

fe ar s m ay i m p e d e h i m fro m t h e g o l d e n r o u n d th e re i s n o
“ ”
,

i nd i ca t i o n o f fe m a l e s co r n th e r e i s e x c e e d i n g p r i d e b u t n o ,

e o t i s m i n t h e s e n t i m e n t o r t h e e x p r e ss i o n ; n o w a n t o f w ife
g ,

l y o r w o m a n ly r e s p e c t a n d l o ve fo r h z m b u t o n t h e c o n t r a ry
’

, , ,

a s o r t o f u n c o n s c i o u s n e ss o f h e r o wn m e n t a l s u p e r i o r i ty ,

w h i c h s h e b e t r a y s r a th e r th a n a ss e r t s a s i n t e re s t i n g i n i t s e l f
,

a s i t i s m o s t a d m i r a b ly Co n c e i ve d a n d d e l i n e a t e d No r i s .

th e r e a ny th i n g vu l ga r i n h e r a m b i t i o n ; a s t h e s t re n gth o f
h e r a ffe c t i o n s l e n d s t o i t s o m e th i n g p ro fo u n d a n d c o n e e n
t r a t e d S O h e r s pl e n d i d i m ag i n a t i o n i n ve s t s t h e o bj e c t O f h e r
,

d e s i re wi th i t s o wn r ad i a n c e We c a n n o t t ra c e i n h e r gra n d
.

a n d c a p a c i o u s m i n d th a t i t i s t h e m e r e b a u b l e s a n d t r a pp i n s
g
o f r o y a lty w h i c h d a z z l e a n d a ll u r e h e r : h e r s i s t h e s i n o f t h e
“
s t a r b r i ght a p o s t a t e a n d sh e pl u n ge s wi th h e r h u s b a n d
-
”
,

i n t o t h e a by ss o f gu i lt t o p r o c u re fo r a l l th e i r d ay s a n d
“

n i ght s s o l e s o ve r e i g n s w ay a n d m a s t e rd o m ”
S h e r e ve l s .
,

s h e l uxu r i a t e s i n h e r d re a m O f p o w e r
,
S h e r e ac h e s a t t h e .

g o l d e n d i a d e m w h i c h i s t o s e a r h e r b r a i n ; s h e p e r i l s l i fe a n d

s o u l fo r i t s a tt a i n m e n t w i th a n e n th u s i a sm a s p e rfe c t a fa i t h
, ,

a s s e ttl e d a s th a t O f t h e m a r ty r w h o s e e s a t t h e s t a k e h e a ve n
,

a n d i t s c r o wn s o f g l o ry O p e n i n g u p o n h i m .

L ad y M a c b e th h a vi n g p r o p o s e d t h e o bj e c t t o h e r s e l f a n d ,

a rr a y e d i t w i th a n i d e a l g l o r y fi x e s h e r e y e s t e a d i ly u p o n
,
 TN TR 01 ) U C TI ON
‘
.
2,

i t s o a rs fa r ab o ve a l l w o m a n i s h fe e l i n gs a n d s c r u pl e s t o a t
,

t a i n i t a n d s t oop s u p o n h e r vi c t i m w i th t h e s t re n g th a n d
,

ve l oc i ty o f a vu lt u r e ; b u t h a vi n g c o m m i t t e d u n fl i n c h i n gl y
-

t h e c r i m e n e ce ss a ry fo r t h e a tt a i n m e n t o f h e r p u r p o s e s h e ,

s t o p s th e re A ft e r t h e m u rd e r O f D u n c a n we s e e L a d y M a c
.
,

b e th d u r i n g t h e r e s t o f t h e pl ay o cc u p i e d i n s u pp o r t i n g t h e
, ,

n e r vo u s w e a k n e ss a nd s u s t a i n i n g t h e fo r t i t u d e o f h e r h u s
ban d . B u t s h e i s n o w h e r e r e p r e s e n t e d a s u rgi n g h i m o n
t o n e w c r i m e s ; s o fa r fr o m i t t h at w h e n M ac b e th d a r k ly
,

h i n t s h is p u r p os e d ass a ss i na t i o n o f B a n qu o a n d S h e i n qu i r e s ,

h i s m e a n i n g h e r e pl i e s B e i n n o ce n t o f t h e k n o w l e d ge
,
“
, ,

d e a r e s t c h u c k Ti ll th o u a pp r o ve t h e d e e d
,
”
Th e s a m e m ay
.

b e s a i d o f t h e d es t r u c t i o n o f M ac d u s fa m i ly E ve r y o ne.

m u s t p e rc e i ve h o w o u r d e t e s t a t i o n o f t h e w o m a n h a d b e e n
i n c re a s e d i f s h e h a d b e e n pl ace d b e fo r e u s a s s u gge s t i n g
,

a n d a b e tt i n th o s e a d d i t i o n a l c ru e lt i e s i n t o w h i c h M ac b e th
g
i s h u rr i e d b y h i s m e n t a l c o w a r d i ce .

If m y fe e l i n g o f L a d y M a c b e th s c h a r ac t e r b e j u s t t o t h e
’

c o n c e pt i o n o f t h e p o e t th e n s h e i s o n e wh o c o u l d s t e e l h e r
,

S el f t o t h e c o m m i ss i o n o f a c r i m e fr o m n ece ss i ty a n d e x e
p
d i e n cy a n d b e d a r i n gly W i c k e d fo r a g re a t e n d b u t n o t l i k e
, ,

l y t o p e r p e t r a t e gr a t u i t o u s m u rd e r s fro m a ny va gu e o r S e l fis h
fe a rs I d o no t m e a n t o s ay th a t t h e p e r fe c t c o n fid e n c e e x
.

i s t i ng b e t we e n h e rs e l f a n d M a cb e th c o u l d p o ss i b ly l e a ve h e r
i n i g n o r a n c e o f h i s a c t i o n s o r d e s i g n s : th a t h e a r t b r o k e n ~

a n d s h u d d e r i n g a ll u s i o n t o t h e m u rd e r o f L a d y M a c d u ff i n
(
t h e s l ee p i n g s c e n e ) p ro ve s t h e c o n t r a ry B ut Sh e i s n ow h e r e
.

b r o u g ht b e fo r e u s i n i m m e d i a t e co n n ec t i o n w i th th e s e h o rr o rs ,

a n d we a r e s p a r e d a ny fl a gr a n t p r oo f o f h e r p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n

th e m .

A n o th e r th i n g h as a l w ay s s t r u c k m e D u ri n g t h e s u pp e r
.

sc e n e ,
h e r i n d i gn a n t re buk e [ to h e r h u s b a n d ] h e r l o w ,

w h i s p e r e d r e m o n s t r a n c e t h e s a rc a s t i c e m ph a s i s w i th w h i c h
,

s h e c o m b a t s h i s s i c k fa n c i e s a n d e n d e a vo u rs t o r e c a ll h i m t o
,

h i m s e l f h ave a n i n t e n s e n e ss a s eve ri ty a bi tt e rn e ss w h i c h
, , , ,
22 M A CB E TH

m ak es th e b l d c r ee p Y e t w h e n t h e gu e s t s a r e d i sm i ss e d
oo .
, ,

a n d th e y a r e l e ft a l o n e S h e s ay s n o m o r e a n d n o t a s yll a b l e
, ,

o f r e p r o ac h o r s c o r n e s c a p e s h e r : a fe w w o r d s i n s u b m i ss i ve

r e ply t o h i s
qu e s t i o n s a n d a n e n t r e a ty t o s e e k r e p o s e a re a l l
, ,

s h e p e r m i t s h e r s e l f t o u tt e r T h e r e i s a t o u c h o f p a th o s a nd
.

o f t e n d e r n e ss i n th i s s i l e n c e w h i c h h a s a l w a y s a ffe c t e d m e

b e y o n d e x p r e ss i o n : i t i s o n e o f t h e m o s t m a s t e r ly a n d m o s t
b e au t i fu l t r a i t s o f c h a r a c t e r i n t h e w h o l e pl ay .

L a s tly i t i s c l e a r th a t i n a m i n d c o n s t i t u t e d l i k e th a t o f
,
.

L a d y M a cb e th co n s c i e n c e m u s t w a k e s o m e t i m e o r o th e r a n d ,

b r i n g w i th i t r e m o rs e c l o s e d b y d e s p a i r a n d d e s p a i r by d e a th
,
.

T h i s gr e a t m o ra l r e t r i b u t i o n was t o b e d is pl ay e d t o u S— b u t
h o w ? L a d y M acb e th i s n o t a w o m a n t o S t a r t a t s h a d o ws ;
s h e m oc k s a t a i r d r a wn d a e rs ; s h e s e e s n o i m a i n e d S p e c
gg g
-

t re s r i s e fro m t h e t o m b t o a pp a l o r accu s e h e r Th e t o w e r .

i ng b r a ve ry o f h er m i n d d i sd a i n s t h e vi s i o n a r y t e r r o rs w h i c h
h au n t h e r w e ak e r h u s b a n d We k n o w o r r a th e r fe e l th a t
.
, ,

s h e wh o c o u l d g i ve a vo i c e t o t h e m o s t d i r e fu l i n t e n t a n d ,

c a ll o n t h e s p i r i t s th a t w a i t o n m o r t a l th o u g ht s t o
“
u n sex

h e r a nd
,
“
s t o p u p a l l a c c e ss a n d p a ss age o f re m o r s e — to ”

th a t r e m o rs e w o u l d h ave g i ve n no r t o n gu e no r s o u n d ; a n d
th a t r a th e r th a n h ave u tt e r e d a c o m pl a i n t sh e w o u l d h a ve ,

h e l d h e r b r e a th a nd d i e d To h a ve g i ve n h e r a c o n fid a n t
.
,

th o ug h i n t h e p ar t n e r o f h e r gu i lt w o u l d h a ve b e e n a d e
,

r ad i n r e s o u r c e a n d h a ve d i s a pp o i n t e d a nd e n fe e b l e d a l l
g g ,

o u r p r e vi o u s i m p r e ss i o n s o f h e r c h a r ac t e r ; y e t j u s t i ce i s t o

b e d o n e a n d we a r e t o b e m a d e a c q u a i n t e d w i th th a t w h i c h
,

t h e w o m a n h e r s e l f w o u l d h a ve s uffe r e d a th o u s a n d d e a th s
r a th e r th a n h a ve b e t r ay e d In t h e s l e e p i n g s c e n e we h ave
.

a
g l i m p s e i n t o th a t i n w a r d h e ll : t h e s e a r e d b r a i n a n d b r o k e n

h e a r t a re l a i d b are b e fo r e u s i n t h e h e lpl e ss n e ss o f s l u m be r .

B y a j u d gm e n t t h e m o s t s u b l i m e e ve r i m ag i n e d y e t t h e m o s t ,

u n fo r c e d n a t u r a l a n d i n e vi t a b l e t h e S l ee p o f h e r wh o m u r
, , ,
~

d e r e d s l ee p i s n o l o n ge r r e p o s e b u t a c o n d e n s a t i o n o f r e si s t
,

l e ss h orro r s w h i c h t h e p r o s t r a t e i n t e ll ec t a nd t h e p o w e r l e s s
 TN T/e01 ) U C TION .
23

wi ll can n e i th e r b afil e n o r r e p e l We S h u dd e r a n d a re s a t i s
.

fi e d ; ye t o u r h u m a n s y m p a th i e s a re aga i n t o u c h e d ; we r a th e r
s i g h o ve r t h e r u i n th a n exu lt i n i t ; a n d a ft e r w a t c h i n g h e r
th r o u gh th i s w o n d e rfu l s c e n e w i th a s o r t o f fa s c i n a t i o n we ,

d i sm i ss t h e u n c o n s c i o u s h e lpl e ss d e s p a i r s t r i ck e n m u rd e r e ss
, ,
-

w i th a fe e l i n g w h i c h L a d y M a c b e th i n h e r w a k i n g s t r e n g th ;
,

w i t h a l l h e r a we co m m a n d i n g p o w e rs ab o u t h e r co u l d n e ve r
-

h a ve e x c i t e d .

It i s h e r e e s p ec i a lly we p e r c e i ve t h a t s we e t n e ss o f n a t u r e
w h i c h i n S h a k e s p e a r e w e n t h a n d i n h a n d w i th h i s a s t o n i s h
i ng p o w e rs H e n e ve r c o n fo u n d s th a t l i n e o f d e m a r c a t i o n
.

w h i c h e t e r n a lly s e p a r a t e s goo d fro m e vi l ye t h e n eve r ,

pl ac e s e vi l b e fo re u s w i th o u t exc i t i n g i n s o m e way a c o n
sc i o u s n e ss o f t h e o pp o s i t e goo d w h i c h S h a l l b a l a n c e a n d r e

l i eve i t .

W h a t w o u l d no t t h e fi rm n e ss t h e s e l f c o m m a n d t h e e n
,
-

t h u s i a s m t h e i n t e ll e c t t h e a rd e n t a ffe c t i o n s o f th i s w o m a n
, ,

h ave p e rfo r m e d i f p ro p e r ly d i r ec t e d ? b u t t h e obj ec t b e i n g

,

u n w o r thy O f t h e e ffo r t t h e e n d i s d i s a pp o i n t m e n t d e s p a i r
, , ,

an d d e a th .

T h e p o we r o f r e l i g i o n c ou l d a l o n e h a ve co n t r o ll e d s u c h a
m i n d ; b u t i t i s t h e m i s e r y O f a ve ry p ro u d s t ro n g a nd g i ft e d , ,

S p i r i t w i th ou t s e n s e o f r e l i g i o n th a t i n s t e a d O f l o o k i n g u p
, ,

w a rd t o fi n d a s u p e r i o r i t l o o k s a r o u n d a n d s e e s a l l th i n gs
,

a s s u bj e c t t o i t s e l f L a d y M a c b e th i s pl a c e d i n a d a r k i g n o
.
,

r a n t i ro n age ; h e r p o w e rfu l i n t e ll e c t i s s l i g htly t i n ge d w i th

,

i t s c r e d u l i t v a n d s u p e r s t i t i o n s b u t S h e h as n o r e l i g i o u s fe e l
,

i ng t o re s t r a i n t h e fo r c e o f wi ll S h e i s a s t e r n fa t a l i s t i n
.

p r i n c i pl e a nd a c t i o n W h a t i s d o n e i s d o n e a n d w o u l d”
, ,

b e d o n e o ve r a g a i n u n d e r t h e s a m e c i r c u m s t a n ce s ; h e r re
m o r s e i s w i th o u t r e p e n t a n c e o r a n y r e fe r e n c e t o a n o ffe n d e d
D e i ty ; i t a r i s e s fr o m t h e p a ng o f a w o u n d e d c o n s c i e n ce t h e ,

r e co i l o f t h e vi o l a t e d fe e l i n s o f n a t u r e i t i s t h e h o rr o r o f
g
t h e p a s t n o t t h e t e r ro r o f t h e fu t u re ; t h e t o r t u r e o f s e l f
,

c o n d e m n a t i o n nO t t h e fe a r o f j u d g m e n t ; i t i s s t r o n g as h er
,
24 M A CE E TH .

s o u l d ee p a s h e r gu i lt fa t a l a s h e r re s o l ve a nd t e r r i b l e a s
, , ,

h er c r i m e .

If i t s h o u l d b e o bj e c t e d t o th i s vi e w o f L ad y M a cb e th s
’

c h a r a c t e r th a t i t e n g age s o u r s y m p a th i e s i n b e h a l f o f a p e r
,

ve r t e d b e i n g a n d th a t t o l e a ve h e r SO s t r o n g a p o w e r u p o n
,

o u r fe e l i n g s i n t h e m i d s t o f s u c h s u p r e m e w i c k e d n e ss l n

vo l ve s a m o r a l w r o n g I c a n o n ly r e ply i n t h e w o rd s o f D r
, .

C h a n n i n g th a t i n th i s a n d t h e l i k e c a s e s o u r i n t e r e s t fa s t
“
,

e n s o u w h a t i s n ot e vi l i n t h e c h a r ac t e r— th a t th e r e i s s o m e

th i n g k i n d l i n g a nd e n n o b l i n g i n t h e co n s c i o u s n e ss h o w eve r ,

a w a k e n e d o f t h e e n e r gy w h i c h r e s i d e s i n m i n d : a n d m a n y
,

a vi r t uo u s m a n h as b o r ro w e d n e w s t r e n g th fr o m t h e fo r c e ,

c o n s t a n c y a n d d a u n tl e ss c o u r a ge o f e vi l a ge n t s
”
, .

T h i s i s t r u e ; a nd m i ght h e no t h a ve a d d e d th a t m a n y a
p o we rfu l a n d g i ft e d S p i r i t h a s l e a r n e d h u m i l i ty a nd s e l f go v -

e r n m e n t fr o m b e h o l d i n g h o w far t h e e n e r y w h i c h r e s id e s i n
g
m i n d m ay b e d eg ra d e d a n d p e r ve r t e d ?
“ ” ate
[Fr om
’
F l et ch er s S t u d i es f
o S h a h esj fiea r e .
]
M a cbeth s e e m s i n s i r e d by t h e p n i u s of th e te m pes t ve r yg e .

T h i s d r a m a s h o ws u s t h e gath e r i n g t h e d i s ch a rge a n d t h e , ,

d i s p e ll i n g o f a d o m e s t i c a n d p o l i t i ca l s t o r m w h i c h t a k e s i t s ,

p ec u l i a r h u e fro m t h e i n d i vi d u a l c h a r a c t e r o f t h e h e ro It .

i s n o t i n t h e S p i r i t o f m i s c h i e f th a t a n i m a t e s t h e w e i rd s i s
“

t e rs no r i n t h e p a ssi o n a t e a nd S t ro n g w i ll e d a m b i t i o n o f
,
” -

L a d y M ac b e th th a t we fi n d t h e m a i n s p r i n g o f th i s t r age d y
, ,

b u t i n t h e d i s p ro p o r t i o n e d th o ugh p oe t i c a lly t e m p e r e d s o u l
o f M a cb e th h i m s e l f A c h ar a c t e r l i k e th i s o f e x t r e m e s e l f
.
,

i s h n e s s w i th a m o s t i r r i t a b l e fa n c y m u s t p r o d u ce e ve n i n
, , ,

o rd i n a r y c i r c u m s t a n c e s a n e x c e ss o f m o rb i d a pp r e h e n s i ve
,

n e ss ; w h i c h h o w e ve r a s w e s e e i n h i m i s n o t i n co n s i s t e n t
, , ,

w i th t h e gre a t e s t phy s i c a l co u r age b u t ge n e r a t e s o f n e c e ss i ty ,

t h e m o s t e n t i r e m o ra l co w ar d i c e W h e n th e r e fo r e a m an .
, ,

S t u di es of S h a h espea r e etc b y G e o rge F l e t c h er ( L o nd o n

, .
, p , .

1 09 fo l .
 INTR OD U C TION: 2
5

l ik th i s i ll n gh q l i fi d v n f t h h n s t d s t r i ght
e ,
e ou ua e e e or e o e an a

f rw rd t r n s t i n s f l i f h b r g ht h i m s l f t s n t h t
o a a ac o o e, as ou e o a c a

an a m b i t i s bj t by t h ou m m i ss i n f
o ec gr t s n g i e co o o o ne ea a u

n y ri m th
ar c w d f l s p s it i n i wh i h h fi nds h i m
e, e ne an a e o o n c e

s l f by h i v y s
e s s w i l l b t s t r tl
s er d x sp r t him
ucc e u a e an e a e a e

to s pe ca M b t h s y s f m h rri b l i m g i n i n gs b y
e, a s ac e a ,
ro
“
o e a

t h p rp t r t i n
e e f gr t r
e a d gr t r
o t l h r rs t i ll i
o ea e an ea e ac ua or o ,
n

e vi t b l a d str t i n
e m s p n
e uc m i d s t n i v rs l
o co r e u o us a u e a ex ec a

t i n S h b r i fly
o . uc th s t y nd t h m r l f M b th
,
e ,
a re e or a e o a o ac e .

Th ep ss i n t m b i t i n d i n d m i t b l w i ll f h i s l d y
a o a e a o an o a e o a ,

th gh g n t s i n d i s p n s b l t g s h m t t h
ou a e e a e o ur e uc a an o e o ne

d i si v
ec t whi h i t
e ac mp m i s h i m i hi c sw pi ni n
o co ro e n s o n O o

an d th t f t h w l d ,a o by m n s p i m r y p r i n gs f
e or a re no ea r a S o

th d r m ti t i n N d t h w i rd s i s t rs th m s l v s “
e a a c ac o . or o e e e e e e

d o m r th n i d o e ll t r lly i i m p ll i n g m t h i
a a co a e a n e a a n, e n

h r t vi l f w h s n t r a d p p s h p d i s p s d
e en e o o e a u e n ur o e as re o e

h i m t t k th i r q i v l s gg s t i n s i t h m s t m i s
o a e e e u oc a u e o n e o

c hi v e s ns
ous A d fi n lly t h v r y th n d —l
e e . n d wh i h
, a ,
e e u er c o u c ,

f m t h b gi n n i n g l m s t t t h
ro e e n d i n g w p s th i s fa o o e e ,
ra ear

f l t r g d y i n phy s i l d k n s s
u a e d l i d gl r d s b t
ca ar e an ur a e, oe u

r fl t
e ec d h rm n i an w i th t h m a l b l k n ss f t h
o z e e o ra ac e o e

pi ece .

Th v r y s t r t i n g p i n t f
e e i n q i ry i n t th r l i
a -

o or an u o e ea ,
n

h r n t d h b i t l n t r f M b th i n d p nd n t f
e e ,
an a ua a u e o ac e ,
e e e o

th s p r t i l r i m s t n s w h i h f r m t h t i n f th
o e a cu a c r cu a ce c o e ac o o e

pl y l i s m n i f s tly th g h t h r i t i s h av m m n ly v
a , e a e , ou e c c e co o o er

l k d i r i n t h q s t i n W i th w h m d s t h s h m f
oo e ,
e ue o , o oe e c e e o

u s r p i n g t h S tt i s h r wn by t h m rd r f D n n
u e co t
c o e u e o u ca ac u

a lly ri g i n t W s m t i m s fi n d L d y M b th t l k d f
o a e ? e o e e a ac e a e o

as if h w s t h fi rs t
e n t r i v r f t h pl t
e re e d s gg s t r f co e o e o , an u e e o

th ss ss i n t i n ; b t th i s n t i n i r f t d
e a a a o t n ly by i m
u o o s e u e ,
no o

pl i t i n i n th w h l t n r f t h p i b t m s t pl i i t
ca o ,
e o e e o o e ece , u o ex c

ly i i 7 4 8—5
n . M st . m m n ly h w v r t h w i t h (
2 . o co o ,
o e e ,
e c es as

w fi n d t h
e w i rd s i s t rs p r t i n i s ly m i s ll d b y l l
e
“
e e
”
e ac o u ca e a

so r t s f pl y rs o d f ri t i s ) h v b r n t h i m p t t i n f
a e an o c c a e o e e u a o o
26 M A CB E TIJ .

be i n g th e fi rs t to put th p m i s ch i e f i n t he h e ro s
i s i ec e o f ’

m i n d Y e t the
. h i c h t h e a tt a i n m e n t of
p rO ph e t i c w o rd s i n w
y i s p r o m i s e d h i m co n t a i n no t t h e r e m o t e s t h i n t as t o
'

ro a l t
y
t h e m e a n s b y w h i c h h e i s t o a r r i ve a t i t T h e y a re s i m ply
.

A l l h a i l M ac b e th ! th a t s h a lt b e k i n g h e r e a ft e r
”—
,
an a n

n o u n c e m e n t w h i c h i t i s p l a i n s h o u l d h a ve r a th e r i n c l i n e d a
, ,

m a n wh o w a s n ot a l r e a d y h a rb ou r i n g a s c h e m e o f g u i lty a m
b i t i o u t o w a i t q u i e tly t h e c o u r s e o f e ve n t s A c co rd i n g t o
.

M a c be th s o wn a dm i ss i o n t h e w o r d s o f t h e w e i r d S i s t e r s o n
’
,

th i s o cc a s i o n co n ve y a ny th i n g r a th e r th a n a n i n c i t e m e n t t o
m u rd e r t o t h e m i n d o f a m a n wh o i s n o t m e d i t a t i n g i t a l
r ea d y T h i s s u p e r n a t u r a l s o l i c i t i n g i s o n ly m a d e s u c h t o
.

t h e m i n d o f M a c b e th b y t h e fa c t th a t h e i s a l r e ad y oc c u p i e d
w i th a p u rp o s e o f a ss a ss i n a t i o n T h i s i s t h e t r u e a n sw e r t o
.

t h e q u e s t i o n w h i c h h e p u t s t o h im se l f i n i 3 1 3 2 —1 4 2 . . .

T h e firs t th i n g th a t s t r ik e s u s i n s u c h a c h a r ac t e r i s t h e
i n t e n s e se l fis h n es s — t h e t o t a l ab s e n ce b o th o f s y m p a th e t i c
fee l i n g a n d m o ra l p r i n c i pl e — a nd t h e c o n s e q u e n t i n c a pab i l
i ty o f r e m o rs e i n t h e p r o p e r s e n s e O f t h e t e r m S o fa r fro m .

fi nd i n g a n y c h ec k t o h i s d e s i g n i n t h e fac t th a t t h e k i n g b e .

s t o ws o n h i m t h e fo rfe i t e d t i tl e o f t h e t r a i t o ro u s t h a u e o f
C a wd o r a s a n e s p ec i a l m a r k o f co n fid e n ce i n h i s l oy a lty th i s ,

o n ly s e r ve s t o w h e t h i s o wn vi ll a i n o u s p u r p o s e Th e d ra m a .

t i s t h a s b r o u g ht th i s fo r c i b ly h o m e t o u s i n i 4 1 0—5 8 It . . .

i s fro m n o co m p u n c t i o u s vi s i t i n g o f n a t u r e b u t fro m S h e e r
”
,

m or a l cow a r di ce — fro m fe a r o f r etr i bu t i on i n th i s l if e — th a t

we fi n d M a c b e th s h r i n k i n g a t t h e l a s t m o m e n t fr o m t h e
, ,

c o m m i ss i o n o f h i s e n o rm o u s c r i m e T h i s wi ll b e s ee n t h e
.

m o re a tt e n t i ve ly we c o n s i d e r i 7 1 —2 5 a n d 3 1 —3 5
. .
, In a l l .

th i s we t r a c e a m o s t c l e a r co n s c i ou s n e ss o f t h e i m p o ss i bi l i ty
th a t h e s h o u l d fi n d o f m a sk i n g h i s gu i lt fro m th e p ub l i c eye
— t h e o d i u m w h i c h m u s t co n s e q u e n tly fa ll u p o n h i m i n t h e
O p i n i o n s o f m e n — a nd t h e r e t r i b u t i o n i t w o u l d p r o b ab ly
bri n g up on h i m B u t h e r e i s n o e vi d e n c e o f t r ue m or a l r e
.

p gu na n c e a n d a s l i ttl e o f a ny r e l i g i o u s s c r u pl e
,
— “
W e d
’
28 M A CE E TH

d e l i ve r e d by M acb e th l e t u s r e p e a t i s n o t t h e p oe t ry i n
, ,
«

s pi re d by a gl o wi n g o r e ve n a fe e l i n g h e a r t — i t s p r i n gs exc l u
s i ve l y fr o m a m o r b i d ly i rri t a b l e fa n cy We h e s i t a t e n o t t o
.

sa
y th a t h i s w i fe m i s t ak e s w h e n s h e a pp r e h e n d s th a t t h e
,
“
m i l k o f h u m a n k i n d n e s s w i ll p re ve n t h i m fro m c a t c h i n g
” “

t h e n e a r e s t way .Th e fa c t i s th a t u n t i l a ft e r t h e b a n q u e t
,

s c e n e s h e m i s t a k e s h i s c h ar ac t e r th r o u g h o u t S h e j u d ge s
,
.

o f i t t oo m u c h fr o m h e r o wn P o ss e ss i n g ge n e r o u s fee l i n g
.

h ers e l f S he i s s u s ce pt i b l e o f r e m o rs e F u ll o f s e l f co n t ro l
, .
-

a n d a ffl i c t e d w i t h n o fe ve r i s h i m a g i n a t i o n s h e i s d i sm ay e d ,

b y no va gu e a pp r e h e n s i o n s n o fa n t a s t i c fe a rs
,
C o n s e qu e n t .
»

l y w h e n h e r h u s b a n d i s w i thh e l d fro m h i s c r i m e s i m ply by

,

th a t d re a d o f c o n t i n ge n t co n s e qu e n ce s w h i c h h i s fa n cy so
i n fi n i t e ly ex agge r a t e s s h e l i ttl e a b l e t o co n c e i ve o f th i s
, , ,

n a t u ra lly a s c r i b e s s o m e p a r t o f h i s r e p u g n a n c e t o th a t m i l k
o f h u m a n k i nd n e ss th o s e co m p u n c t i o u s vi s i t i n gs o f n a t
” “
,

o f w h i c h s h e ca n c o n c e i ve T h e p e r t u rb a t i o n w h i c h
”
u re , .

s e i z e s M ac b e th t h e i n s t a n t h e h a s s t r u c k t h e fa t a l b l o w ,

S p r i n s n o t we r e p e a t fro m t h e s l i ht e s t c o n s i d e r a t i o n fo r
g , , g
h i s vi c t i m It i s b u t t h e n e ce ss a ry r ec o i l i n t h e m i n d o f
.

e ve r y m o r a l c o w a r d u p o n t h e fi n a l p e rfo r m a n c e o f a n d e
, y
c i s i ve a c t fro m w h i c h a c c u m u l a t i n g s e l fis h a pp r e h e n s i o n s

h a ve l o n g w i thh e l d h i m — h e i ght e n e d a n d exagge r a t e d by

th a t e x ce ss i ve m o rb i d i r r i t ab i l i ty w h i c h aft e r h i s e x t r e m e
,

s e l fis h n e ss fo r m s t h e n ex t g r e a t m o r a l c h a rac t e r i s t i c o f
,

M ac b e th It i s t h e s e n s e o f a l l t h e poss i bl e c o n s e q u e n ce s t o
.

h i m self a n d th a t a l o n e w h i c h r u s h e s i n s t a n tly a n d o ve r
, ,

wh e l m i ngl y u p o n h i s e x c i t a b l e fa n c y s o a s t o th u n d e r i t s
,

d e n u n c i a t i o n s i n h i s ve ry e a r s .

Th e fo ll o wi n g s ce n e s h o ws u s M ac b e th w h e n h i s p a ro x ,

vs m e n s u i n g u p o n t h e a c t o f m u r d e r h a s qu i t e s p e n t i t s e l f ,

a n d h e i s b e co m e q u i t e h i m s e l f ag a i n — th a t i s t h e c o l d ,

b l o o d e d co w a rd ly a n d t r e a c h e ro u s a ss a ss i n
, , L e t a ny o ne .

wh o m ay h a ve b e e n d i s p o s e d w i th m o s t o f t h e c r i t i c s t o
, ,

b e l i e ve th a t Sh ak e s p e a r e h a s d e l i n e at e d M ac b e th a s a c h a r
 IN TR OD U C TION 29

t
ac e r o r i gi n ally r e m o rs e fu l w e ll c o n s i d e r th a t s p e e c h o f m o s t
,

e l a b o r a t e r e fi n e d a n d c o l d b l o o d e d hyp oc r i s y i n w h i c h s o
-

, , , ,

s p ee d i ly a ft e r h i s p o e t i c al w h i n i n gs o ve r h i s o wn m i sf or t u ne
i n m u rd e ri n g D u n c a n h e a ll e ge s h i s m o t i ve s fo r k i ll i n g t h e
,

t wo s l e e p i n g a tt e n d a n t s A ss u r e d ly t oo t h e d r a m a t i s t h a d
.
, ,

h i s r e a s o n s fo r c a u s i n g M a c b e th s hyp o c ri t i c a lly p a th e t i c d e
’

s c r i pt i o n o f t h e s c e n e o f t h e m u rd e r t o b e th u s p u b l i c ly d e
l i ve r e d i n t h e p r e s e n ce of h er w h o s e h a n d s h ave h ad s o
"

l a rge a s h ar e i n g i vi n g i t th a t p ar t i c u l a r a s p ec t It l e n d s .

d ou b l e fo rce t o th i s m o s t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c t r a i t o f M a cb e th s ’

d e p o r t m e n t th a t h e s h o u l d no t b e m o ve d e ve n b y h i s l a d y s
,
’

p r e s e n ce fro m d e l i ve r i n g h i s a fl e cte d l y i nd i gn a n t d e s c r i pt i o n
'

o f th a t b l o o d y s p e c t a c l e i n t e r m s w h i c h m u s t so vi vi d ly r e
,

c a ll to h e r m i n d s e ye t h e s i c k e n i n g o bj ec t s w h i c h h i s o wn
’

m o r a l c o w a rd i ce h ad c o m p e ll e d h e r t o ga z e u p o n H is .

w o rd s d r a w fro m L a d y M a c b e th t h e i n s t a n t e x c l a m a t i o n ,
“
H e lp m e h e n c e h o ! ,
A n d S h o r tly a ft e r s h e i s c a rri e d
”

o u t S t i ll i n a fa i n t i n g s t a t e
,
E ve n h e r i n d o m i t ab l e r e s o
.
~

l u t i o n m a y w e ll s i n k fo r t h e m o m e n t u n d e r a s t r o k e s o
w i th e r i n g fo r w h i c h b e i n g t o t a lly u n ex p e c t e d s h e c a m e s o
, , ,

u tt e r ly u n p r e p a r e d . It i s r e m ar k a b l e th a t u p o n h e r e x c l a ,

m a t i o n O f d i s t r e ss M ac d u ff a n d s h o r tly a ft e r B a n qu o c r i e s
, , ,

Loo k t o t h e l a d y b u t t h a t we fi n d n o t t h e s m a ll e s t
“
out ,

S i g n o f a tt e n t i o n p a i d t o h e r S i t u a t i o n b y M ac b e th h i m s e l f
'

wh o a rg u i n g fr o m h i s o wn c h ar a c t e r t o h e r s m i gh t r e g a rd i t
, ,

me r e ly a s a d ex t e ro u s fe i g n i n g o n h e r p a r t A c h a r a c t e r .

l ik e th i s we c a n n o t t oo o ft e n r e p e a t i s o n e o f t h e m o s t
, ,

c o w a r d ly s e l fis h n e ss a n d m o s t r e m o rs e l e s s t r e a c h e r y w h i c h
, ,

a l l i t s p o e t i c a l e xc i t ab i l i ty d oe s b u t e x a s p e r a t e i n t o t h e p e r

pe t ra t i o n o f m o r e a n d m o r e e x t r a va ga n t e n o rm i t i e s .

B u t i n th e m n a t u r e s c o py S n o t e t e r n e h as b e e n i n t e r
’ ” ’

pr e t e d b y s o m e c r i t i c s as a d e l i be r a t e s u gge s t i n g o n L a d y ,

M a cb e th s p a r t o f t h e m u rd e r o f B a n q u o a n d h i s s o n
’
, .

T h e n a t u r a l a n d u n s t r a i n e d m e a n i n g o f t h e w o rd s i s a t ,

m o s t , n o th i n g m o r e th a n th i s th a t B a n q u o a n d h i s so n ar e
,
 0 M A CB E TH
3
.

no t i m m or t l
a . It i s no t S h e , b u t h er h u th t d r ws
sb a n d ,
a a a

p r t i l i n f r n fr m th i s h rm l ss
ac ca e e ce o a e p p s i t i n Th t
ro o o . a

th y e ss i l b l
a re am y b a a mf rt i n d d t him ;
e
”
a e
“
co o ,
”
ee ,
o

b t i t i s vi d n tly n n t h
u e e d h p o d s t t ll h
e o e r, a n e ro cee o e er

th t th s h ll b d n A d d f d r d f l t
a
“
e re a e o e S t i ll ee o ea u no e .

p v k i n gly n pp r h n s i v f h i s m n i n g h sk s h i m
ro o u a e e e o ea , s e a

n i s ly W h t ft t y i n g t h ”
”

“
b d n B t b
’
a x ou t a S o e o e ? u e, a er r e
,

gr ou nd f fi nd ing h
so a r, tt r ly i n d i s p s d t n r i h i s
er u e o e o co cu n

p es n t s h m d
r e c et d e, t mm n i t it t h
oes no in
are o co u ca e o er

pl i t m s l s t h s h l d h id t h f rs th t p r m pt h i m
a n er ,
e s e ou c e e ea a o

to th i s w d gr t i t s n m i ty by vi r t f t h
ne an a u ou y e or ,
ue o e ve r

s m p i r i t th t h d m d h
a e S a m b t th s w h i h h d w i th
a a e e r co a o e c a

h ld h i m f m th
e ro
g t r i m w
e h i h
o ne h h d d m d re a c e c S e a ee e

n ece ss y t h i s l v t i n
ar o It i s n ly th r gh
e e a m i s pp r
o . o ou a a e

h i
e ns o n, w h i h nj s tly l w rs t h g n
c u u s i ty f h oh r e e e e ro o er c a ac

ter and n d ly u lt s th t f h h s b n d th t
u exa m ny
a o er u a ,
a so a

cr iti s hc r p r s n t d th i s p ss g ( B i n n
a ve e e e e n t f th a a e
“
e oce o e

k n wl d g
o e t ) e,
”
s p k en by M b th
e c . as t f om gn n ac e ou o a a a

im ous d sir t e p r h i s w i f l l g i lty p t i i p t i n i n

e o S a e e a u ar c a o an

ac t wh i h t th c s m t i m th y t ll
a e a h b li
e s w i ll e, e e u s, e e e ve

g i ve h s t i
er s f t i n
a It i s aci n f t bo t . w d i g n l l,
ac ,
u a ne an S a n

t n f his m l w d i
s a ce o o ra It i s m s t i m p t n t i n
co ar ce . o or a ,

o rd r t j d g
e o i ght f S h k s p
u e ar s m t phy s i l m r l
o a e e a re
’
e a ca , o a ,

an d r l igi e m n i n g i n th i s g t
ous ea m p s i t i n th t w re a co o o ,
a e

sh ld ou t m ist k no h i m h vi n g p r s n t d th t s p i i t s
a e as a re e e e a r

o f d kn ssar h r p rm i tt d b s l t ly d g t i t s ly
e are e e e e a o u e an ra u ou

to s d e h i s h fr m s t t f p f tly i n n n t i
u ce e ro o a a e o e r ec o ce n

t n t i n It i s pl i n th t s h
e o . arr r t t h ats t i t i t s uc an e o a e ou e v a e

an d d b s s th e m r l t b d w n f m th wh l p i
a e e o a o e ra ro e o e ece .

M b th d s
ac e t p j oe t th m d r f D n n b s f
no ro ec e ur e o u ca e c au e o

h i s n n t w i th t h w i rd s i s t rs ; t h w i d i s t s
e co u er e e e e e r S er en

cou n t r hi m b
e s h h p r j t d th m d — b s
ecau e e as o ec e e ur er ec au e

th y k n w h i m b tt th n h i s y l m s t r d s wh t ll s
e o e er a ro a a e oe ,
o e

u s, Th r i s
“
e e t t fi n d th m i n d s
no ar n s tr t i n i n th
o e
’
co uc o e

fa ce . B t th s m i n i s t rs f vi l
u e e p ri vi l g d t e th o e a re e e o se e e
 [N TR OD U C TIOM 3 1

mind s ’
n s t r u c t i o n w h e r e h u m a n eye c a n n o t p e n e t r a t e
co

i n t h e m i n d i ts el f T h e y r e p a i r t o t h e b l a s t e d h e a th b e
.

c a u s e a s o n e o f th e m s ay s a ft e rw a r d s o f M a c b e th
“
, , som e
th i n g w i c k e d th i s way c o m e s In t h e n e x t t wo l i n e s I
.
— “

co m e G ,
r a y m a l k i n — P a d d o c k c a ll s — we p e r ce i ve t h e c o n
nec t i o n o f t h e s e b e i n gs w i th t h e w o r l d i n vis i b l e a n d i n a u d i b l e

to m or t al se n s e s It i s o n ly th ro ug h th e s e m y s t e r i o u s a n
.

s w e rs o f th e i rs th a t we k n o w a ny th i n g o f t h e o th e r b e i n g s
w h o m th e y n a m e th u s gro t e s qu el y s u lfi c i e n t l y i n d i c a t i n g
,
.

S p i r i t s o f d e fo r m i ty a k i n t o th e m s e l ve s a n d l i k e th e m s e l ve s
,

r ej o i c i n g i n th a t e l e m e n t a l d i s t u r b a n ce i n t o w h i c h th e y
m i n gl e a s th e y va n i s h fro m o ur vi e w .

In v 3 2 2 —2 8 we h a ve m e r e p oeti ca l w h i n i ng ove r h i s o wn
. .
,

m o s t m e ri t e d S i t u a t i o n Y e t H a z l i tt a m o n g o th e rs t a l ks O f
.
, ,

h i m as c a ll i n g b ack a l l o u r s y m p a thy by th i s r e fl e c t i o n
“ ”
.

S y m p a thy i n d e e d ! fo r th e e x q u i s i t e ly r e fi n e d s e l fis h n e ss o f
th i s m o s t o d i o u s p e rs o n age ! T h i s p a ss age i s exa c tly o f a
p i e ce w i th th a t i n w h i c h h e e n vi e s t h e fa t e o f h i s r oy a l vi c t i m ,

a n d s ee m s t o th i n k h i m s e l f h a rd ly u s e d th a t D u n c a n a ft e r ,

a l l s h o u l d b e b e tt e r o ff th a n h i m s e l f
, S u c h e xc l a m a t i o n s
.
,

fr o m s u c h a c h ar ac t e r a re b u t a n a dd i t i o n a l t i tl e t o o u r d e
,

t e s t a t i o n ; th e m a n wh o s e t s at n aught al l h u m a n t i e s s h o u l d
a t l e a s t b e p r e p a r e d t o a b i d e i n q u i e t t h e i n e vi t a b l e co u s e

q u e n ce s B u t t h e m o r a l co w a rd i ce o f M a c b e th i s co nsu m
.

m at e .

T h e r e i s n o w a n t o f phy s i c a l co u r age i m pl i e d i n M ac b e th s ’

d e c l i n i n g t h e co m b a t w i th M ac d u ff . H e m ay w e l l b e l i e ve
th a t no w m o e th a n e ve r i t i s t i m e t o be w a re M ac d u ff
r
, , .
”

H e i s a t l e n gth co n vi n ce d th a t “
fa t e a n d m e t aphy s i c a l a i d
a r e a ga i n s t h i m ; a n d c o n si s t e n t t o t h e l a s t i n h i s h a rd e n e d
,

a nd w h i n i n s e l fis h n e ss n o th o u ht o f t h e i n t e n s e b l a c k n e s s
g , g
o f h i s o wn p e rfi d y i n t e r fe r e s t o p r e ve n t h i m fr o m c o m pl a i n

i ng o f fa l s e h o o d i n th o s e e vi l b e i n gs fr o m w h o s e ve r y n a t u r e
h e s h ou l d h a ve e x p e c t e d n o th i n g e l s e T h e r e i s n o co w a r d
.

i c e we s ay i n h i s d ec l i n i n g t h e co m b a t u n d e r s u c h a co n
, ,
 M A CB E 7 H
-

3 2 .

vi c t i o n . N e i th e r i s y th e re r e n
ane w i n g it ;
c ou a ger in h is
for th e r e i s n o r oo m fo r c o u r age i n O pp o s i n g e vi d e n t fa t e .

B u t t h e l a s t Wo rd a n d a c t i o n o f M a cb e t h a r e a n e x p re ss i o n
o f t h e m or a l co war d i ce w h i c h w e t r a c e s o c o n s p i c u o u s ly
'

th r ou gh o u t h i s ca r e e r ; h e s u rre n d e rs h i s l i fe th a t h e m ay
b a i t e d w i th t h e r abb l e s c u rs e S o d i e s M a c b e th
“ ” ’
no t be .
,

s h r i n k i n g fro m d e s e r ve d O pp r o b r i u m ; b ut h e d i e s a s h e h a s ,

l i ve d r em or sel ess
,
.

[F r om H u n t er
” “
New [l l w tm tz on s
’

f
‘
: o

B e s i d e t h e m a i n s u bj e c t o f t he m id n i ght m u rd e r o f a k i n g
s l e e p i n g i n t h e h o u s e o f o n e o f h i s n o b l e s a n d s u r ro u n d e d b y ,

h i s gu ar d s t h e d e ath a nd a pp e a ra n c e o f th e g h o s t o f B a n quo
, ,

a n d t h e w h o l e m a c h i n e r y a n d p r o ph ec y o f t h e w ay w a r d s i s

t e r s w i th t he i n t e ri o r Vi e w o f a c a s tl e i n w h i c h i s a co n
,

s c i e n c e s t ri ck e n m o n a r c h re d u ce d t o t h e e x t re m i ty o f a s i e ge
-

t h e p oe t s e e m s t o h a ve i n t e n d e d t o c o n c e n t r a t e i n th i s pl a y
m a n y o f t h e m o re th r i ll i n g i n c i d e n t s o f phy s i c a l a n d m e t a
phy s i c a l ac t i o n Th e m i d n i ght s h ri e k o f w o m e n ; s l e e p w i th
.
,

i t s s t ra n ge r a cc i d e n t s s u c h a s l a u gh i n g t a l k i n g w a l k i n g a s
, , , ,

p ro d u c e d b v p o t i o n s a s d i s t u rb e d by d re a m s a s fu ll o f wi ck e d
, ,

th ou ght s ; t h e h ard b ea t i n g of th e h e a r t ; th e p a r c h e d s t a t e
o f t h e m o u th i n a n h o u r o f d e s p e r a t e gu i lt ; t h e r o u s i n g o f

t h e h a i r a t a d i sm a l t re a t i s e ; phy s i o g n o m y ; m e n o f m a n ly
h e a r t s m o ve d t o t e a r s ; t h e w i l d th o u g ht s w h i c h h a u n t t h e
m i n d o f gu i lt a s i n t h e a i r d r a w n d agge r a nd t h e fa n c y th a t
,
-

s l e e p wa s s l a i n a n d t h e s l ay e r s h o u l d k n o w i t s c o m fo r t s n o
m o re ; d e a th i n s o m e o f i t s s t r a n ge r va r i e t i e s — t h e s o l d i e r
d y i n g o f w o u n d s n o t b o u n d u p t h e s p e n t sw i m m e r t h e p i l ot
, ,

wr e ck e d o n h i s way l zom e t h e h o r r i b l e m o d e o f M a c d o n n e l s
,
’

d e a th t h e m a ss ac r e o f a m o th e r a n d h e r c h i l d r e n t h e h i re d
, ,

a ss a ss i n s p e r p e t r a t i n g th e i r w o rk o n t h e b e l a t e d t r a ve ll e r s

th e s e a re b u t a p o r t i o n o f t h e t e r r i b l e c i r c u m s t a n ce s a tt e n d ~

a n t o n t h e m a i n e ve n t s o f th i s t r a g i c t a l e .

N Il l u s tr a ti ons qf {11 0
ew L if e, S t u d i es, a nd Wr z t z ng s ( f
' ' '

S/z a l ’
es pea r e
L
,

b y J o s e ph H u n t e r ( o nd o n , vo l . ii p
. . 1 60 .
 IN TR OD U C TIOIV
33
.

l
H e go e s fo r s i m i a r c i r c u m s a n c e s t o t h e e e m e n s , a n d t o t l t
the h t
a b i s o f a n i m a s ab ou w i c l
s u e rs i i o n s h a d ga e r e d t h h p tt th
—t h e fl i i n g o f th e b at , t h e fl i g o f t h e c r o w t o t h e r oo k
tt ht y
w oo d fi ght s o f t h e o
,
the an e a co a n d o f t h e o wl wl d th f l n ,

a n d t h e wr e n t he s cr e a m o f t h e o wl t h e c h i r p i n g o f t h e
, ,

c r i c k e t t h e c r o a k o f t h e p r o p h e t i c r a ve n a n d b a rk o f t h e
, ,

w o l f t h e h o rs e s d e vo u r i n g o n e a n o th e r ; t h e p i t c hy d a rk n e s s
,

o f n i g ht t h e m u rk y d a rk n e ss o f a l u r i d d ay a s t o r m r a ttl i n g
, ,

i n t h e b a ttl e m e n t s o f a n a n c i e n t f o rt r e ss— we h ave a l l th i s

b e fo r e we h a ve p a ss e d t h e b o u n d s o f n a t u r e a nd e n t e r e d t h e
r e gi o n s o f m e t a phy s i c a l a ge n cy .

T h e r e we h a ve t h e s p i ri t s w h i c h t e n d o n m o r t a l th o ught s ,

t h e r e ve l a t i o n s b y m ago t p i e s t h e m o vi n g o f s t o n e s t h e -

, ,

s p e a k i n g o f t r e e s a n d l a m e n t i n gs h e a rd i n t h e a i r a n d a l
, ,

m o s t t h e w h o l e o f t h e m yth o l ogy o f t h e way wa rd s i s t e rs

th e i r w i th e r e d a nd wi l d a tt i re th e i r i n t e r co u rs e w i th th e i r ,

q u e e n th e i r c o n gr e g a t i n g i n t h e h o u r o f s t o rm s o n h e a th s
,

w h i c h t h e l i g ht n i n g h as s c a th e d t h e s t r a n ge i n s t r u m e n t s e m ,

pl o y e d by th e m t h e m od e o f th e i r o p e r a t i o n s a nd th e i r c o m
, ,

p e ll i n g t h e w o r l d i n vi s i b l e t o d is c l o s e t h e s e c r e t s of fu t u r i ty .

TIz e M o d F ol /e
3
[Fr om 3 21 5 5 72271 5
f
o

tly M b th i s m f s n g i n n r v s t m p r
E vi d e n ac e a an o a u e e ou e e a

m n t f l rg
e ,
op i ty d r d y s s pt i bi l i ty Th h i gh
a e ca ac an ea u ce . e

e n r gye d g w h i h g i d h i s s w rd i t h b ttl s f
an c o ur a e c u e o n e a e o

h i s n t ryc ou q l i t i s f n rv f r w h i h f t r i r m
ar e ua e o e e -

o ce c u u e c cu

s t n s w i ll d i
a ce tt g d vi l p r p s s
re c Cir mst n s
o oo or e u o e . cu a ce

a ri s s l i i t i n g t
e ovi l ; s p r n t r l s l i i t i n g th f r
c o e u e a u a o c ,
”
e o ce

o f w h i h i n th s c n t i s p i ri t l i s t d y s i t r q i r s
, e e a l -

ua a , e u e an a

m s t n tt i n b l fl i ght f t h i m g i n t i n t g t gl i m p s
o u a a a e o e a a o o e a e

o f . It m s t b r m m b r d th t t h d m b r i n g s M
u e e b th
e e e a e ra a ac e

fa ce t f w i th t h s p rn t r l W h t w l d b t h ff t
o a ce e u e a u a . a ou e e e ec

u p n m f n r v s s n s i b i l i ty f s h pp n s t h
o a an o e ou e o uc a e a ra ce as e

T/ {W d F l k f S k / pm
ze aby J C B k i l l M D (L d
o o a
e
es r e, . . uc n , . . on o n,

pp .
7,
 M A 6 8 5 7 71
34

w e i r d s i s t e r s ? S u re ly m o s t p ro fo u n d We m ay d i s b e l i e ve
.

i n a ny m a n i fe s t a t i o n s o f t h e s u p e r n a t u r a l b u t we c a n n o t b u t
,

b e l i e ve th a t w e r e th e i r o c c u rr e n ce p o ss i b l e th e y w o u l d p r o
fou n d l y a ffe c t t h e m i n d H u m b o l d t s a y s th a t t h e e ffe c t o f
.

t h e fi rs t e ar th q u a k e s h o ck i s m o s t b e w i l d e r i n g u p s e tt i n g o n e ,

o f t h e s t ro n e s t a r t i c l e s o f m a t e r i a l fa i th n a m e ly t h e fi x e d
g , ,

n e ss o f t h e e a r th A ny s u p e r n a t u ra l a pp e a r a n ce m u s t h a ve
.

th i s e ffec t o f s h ak i n g t h e fo u n d a t i o n s o f t h e m i n d i n a n i n
fi n i t e ly g re a t e r d e gree In d e e d we so fu lly fe e l th a t a n y
.
,

g l i m p s e i n t o t h e sp i r i t wo rl d w o u l d e ffe c t i n o u r s e l ve s a pro
~

fo u n d m e n t a l r e vu l s i o n th a t we r e a d i ly e x t e n d t o Ma cb e th
,

a m o r e i n d u l ge n t O p i n i o n o f h i s g r e a t c r i m e s th a n we s h o u l d

h a ve b ee n ab l e t o d o h a d h e b e e n l e d o n t o th e i r co m m i ss i o n
b y t h e t e m pt a t i o n s o f e a r thly i n c id e n t a l o n e .

T o t h e Ch r i s t i a n m o r a l i s t M a cb e th s g u i lt i s so d a rk th a t
’

i t s d e gre e c a n n o t b e e s t i m a t e d a s th e re a re n o s h a d e s i n
,

b l ac k . B u t t o t h e m e n t a l phy s i o l o g i s t t o w h o m n e r ve r a th e r
th a n c o n s c i e n ce t h e fu n c t i o n of th e b r a i n r a th e r th a n t h e
,

p o w e r o f t h e w i ll i s a n obj e c t o f s t u d y i t i s i m p o ssi b l e t o
, ,

o m i t fr o m c a l c u l a t i o n t h e i n fl u e n ce s O f th e s u p e r n a t u r a l e ve n t ,

w h i c h i s n o t o n ly t h e s t ar t i n g p o i n t o f t h e a c t i o n b u t th e
-

r e m o t e c a u s e o f t h e m e n t a l ph e n o m e n a .

W h a t wa s L a d y M a cb e th s fo rm a nd t e m p e r a m e n t ? In
’

M a c l i se s gre a t p a i n t i n g o f t h e b a n q u e t s ce n e s h e i s r e p
’

r e s e n t e d a s a w o m a n o f l a r e a n d c o a rs e d e ve l o p m e n t : a
g
S c a n d i n avi a n A m a z o n t h e m u s c l e s o f w h o s e b r a wn y a r m s
,

c o u l d o n ly h a ve b ee n d e ve l o p e d t o th e i r
gr e a t s i z e b y h a rd
a n d fre q u e n t u s e a w o m a n o f w h o s e fis t s h e r h u s b a n d m i ht
g
w e ll b e a fra i d . Wa s L a d y M a cb e th s u c h a b e i n g ? D i d
t h e fi e r c e fi r e o f h e r s o u l a n i m a t e t h e e p i c e n e b u l k o f a vi
r a go ? N e ve r ! L a d y M ac b e th w a s a l a d y b e a u t ifu l a n d ,

d e l i c a t e w h o s e o ne vi vi d p a ss i o n p ro ve s th a t h e r o rga n i z a t i o n
,

w as i n s t i n c t w i th n e r ve fo r c e u n o pp r e ss e d b y w e i g ht o f fl e sh
-

,
.

Pr o b ab ly s h e was s m a ll ; fo r i t i s t h e sm a ll e r s o r t o f w o m e n
w h o s e e m o t i o n a l fi re i s t h e m o s t fi e r ce a nd sh e h e rs e l f b e a rs
,
 M A CB E TH
36

a re t i
co n s ra n e d , e ve n w hi l s t we ab h or his cr i mes , to pi ty th e i nfa t u a t e d
v i c ti m o f s u c h a th ral d o m ”

C a m p b e l l o n t h e o th e r h a n d i n h i s L i fe o f M r s S i dd o ns sa y s o f
.

Lad y M a cb e th S h e i s a s pl end i d pi ct u re o f e v il
, ,
.
,

a s or t o f s i st er

O f M il t o n s L u c i fe r ; a n d l i k e h i m w e s u r e l y i m a g i n e h e r e xt e r n a l ly m a
,
’
, ,

j es t i c a nd b eau ti fu l M rs S i dd o ns s i d e a o f h e r h avi ng b e e n a d e l i c a t e
’
. .

a n d b l o n d e b e a u ty see m s t o m e t o b e a p u r e ca p r i ce Th e p u b l i c w o u l d
h a v e i l l e x c h a nge d s u c h a r e p r e se n t a ti v e O f L ad y M a cb e th fo r t h e d ar k
.

l o c k s a n d t h e e agl e eyes Of M r s; S i d d o ns .
”

M ag i nn (S fia é espea z e P aper 1 860 p 1 84 ) r e m a rk s : S h ak e s p eare

'
s, , .

g iv es u s n o hi n t a s t o h e r p e r s on a l c h a r m s e x ce p t w h e n h e m a k es h e r ,

d e s cr i b e h e r h a n d as l ittl e W e m ay b e s u r e t h a t t h e r e wer e few m ore

‘ ’

th o r o u g h b r e d o r fa i r e r fi nge r s i n t h e l and o f S co t l an d t h an t h os e o f i ts
.

q u e e n w h o s e be ar i ng i n p u b l i c t ow ard s D u ncan B an q u o and t h e no

, , ,

bl e s i s m a r k e d b y e l e ga n c e a n d m aj e s ty ; a n d i n p r iv a t e by a ffe c ti o na t e , ,

a n xi e ty fo r h e r s a n u i n a r y l o r d
”
g
F l e t c h e r (S i /( l i s of S /z a /eespea e c i t e d o n p 2 4) s ays
.

r e [S h ak e s p e are ]
r , .

h as c o m b i n e d i n M a cb e t h an e m i ne n tl y m asc u l i n e p e r so n w i t h a s pi r i t
i n o th e r r e s p e c t s e m i ne n tl y fe m i n i n e b u t u tt e r l y W an ti ng t h e fe m i n i ne ,

ge ne r o s ity o f a ffe c t i o n T O th i s c h a r a c t e r t h u s co n t r a s t e d w i thi n i t s e l f

h e h as o pp os e d a fe m a l e c h ara c t e r p r es e n t i ng a c o n t r a s t e x a ctl y t h e
.
, ,

r e v e r s e o f t h e fo r m e r No o n e d o ub t s th a t h e h as s h o wn u s i n t h e
s pi r i t o f L a d y M acb e th th a t m a s c u l i n e fi r m ness o f w i l l w h i c h h e h a s
.

m ad e w a n ti ng i n h e r h u sb an d T h e s t r i c t e s t a n a l ogy th e n wo u l d l e a d
.
, ,

h i m t o co m pl e t e t h e h a r m o n i z i ng co n t r a s t o f t h e t wo c h a ra c t e rs b y e u
s h r i n i ng t hi s u n d a u n t e d m e ttl e o f h e r s i n a fra m e as e x q u i s i t e l y fe m i

n i n e a s h e r h u sb a n d s i s m a gn i fi ce n tl y m a n l y T hi s w a s re q u i s i t e a l so
’
.
, ,

i n o r d e r t o m a k e h e r t a u n t s O f M a cb e t h s i rr e s o l u t i o n o p e r a t e w i th t h e ’

fu l l es t i n t e n s i ty S u c h se n ti m e n t s fr o m t h e l i p s of w h a t i s ca l l e d a m a s
'

c u l i n e l o o k i ng o r s p e a k i n g w o m a n h a v e l i ttl e m o ra l e n e r y c o m p ar e d
g
w i th w h a t t h e y d e r i v e fr o m t h e a rd e n t u tt e ra n ce o f a d e l i ca t e l y fe m i n i n e
v o i ce a n d na t u r e M rs S i d d o ns t h en we b e l i e ve j u dge d m or e co rre ctl y
. .
, , ,

i n th i s m a tt e r th a n t h e p u b l i c
”
.

T h e G e r m an cr iti c R Ot s c h e r ( t r a n s l a t e d b y M r F u rn ess i n h i s e d i ti o n .

O f M u bel /a p 4 6 7) s a y s : T h e r e a r e c e r t a i n i n fe re n ces t o b e d r aw n i n
“

re g a r d t o t h e p e r s o n a l a pp e a r a n ce O f L a d y M a cb e th
.
,

S h e e n t ers r ead
i ng h e r h u s b a n d s l e tt e r c o n t a i n i ng t h e fi r s t a nn o u n ce m e n t O f t h e s ayi ngs
.

o f t h e we i r d s i s t e rs T h e m i g hty p ass i o n o f a m b i ti o n b u rs t s a t o n c e i n
L ady M a cb e th s i m agi na ti o n i n t o fu l l fl a m e by th ese fe w l i ne s ; sh e ap
.

p e a rs we l l n i g h i n t o xi ca t e d w i t h t h a t e m o ti o n ; h er w h o l e a pp e ar an ce
-

o u g h t t o b e r o y a l as o n e fo r w h os e p o w e r fu l fe a t u r e s a n d m aj e s t i c b e a r

i ng t h e d i a d e m i s t h e b e fi tti ng a d or nm e n t
,

H e r co u n t e na nc e o ug h t t o .
 IN TR OD U C TION 37

d i s p l a y n ob l e a nd e ne rge ti c o u tl i ne s fro m w h os e e ve r y fe a t u r e m e an ,

d e s i r e s a r e b a n i s h e d ; i t s h o u l d p r es age d e m o n i ac fo r ces w ith n e v e r a ,

t rac e Of m o ra l u gl i n e s s n o r a ug ht r e p e l l e n t T h e g l itt er i ng e ye b e t ra y s
t h e r es tl e ss b u sy a r d o r o f t h e d i s p o s i ti o n w hil e t h e fi n e l y c hi s e l l e d l ip s
.

a n d t h e n os t r i l s m u s t e l o q u e n tly e xp re ss s co r n o f m o ra l o pp o s i ti o n a n d
, ,

a d e t e r m i ne d p u r p o s e i n cr i m e H e r q u ee n l y b e ar i ng as w e l l a s t h e
n o b i l i ty o f a l l h e r m o ve m e n t s p r o c l a i m s h e r ti tl e t o t h e h i g h e s t e a r thl y
. ,

L a d y M a cb e t h s l o ok s o u g ht t o e n c h a i n a n d ye t
,

r e a t ne s s a n d p o we r
’

g , ,

w i th a l c h i l l u s fo r s u c h fe a t u r e s can a wa k e n n o h u m a n sy m p a th y a nd
.

c a n o n l y d i s c l os e t h e d o m i n i o n o f m o n s t ro u s p o we r s Lad y M a cbe th
, ,

t h e re fo re w i l l h a v e t h e m o re p o we r fu l e ffe ct t h e m o re m aj e s ty i s t h ro wn
.

a ro u nd h e r p e r s o n b e ca u s e s h e w il l b e t h e re b y a t o n ce r e m o v e d t o a

r e g i o n i n w h i c h a l l o r d i n ary s t a n d a rd s a r e d war fe d fo r w e h a v e h e re
,

b e fo r e u s a na t u re i n w h i c h d we l l s a s p i r i t m a d e u p o f s a v age e l e m e n t s ,

a n d w hi c h re ve a l s i t s o wn p e c u l i a r l a ws i n i t s p r oj e c t s as fe a rfu l l y as i n i t s

rui n .

“
S /z o k espea r e
'
’

[F r om Gew z l z u s s

La d y M acb e th i
m o r e a d e p e n d e n t w i fe th a n a n i n d e
s

pe n de nt m as cu
,
e wo m a n lin
i n s o fa r a s s h e w i s h e s t h e go l d
,
'

e n r o u n d r a th e r fo r h i m th a n fo r h e rs e l f ; h er w h ol e am
b i t i o n i s fo r h i m a n d th r o u gh h i m ; o f h e rs e l f a n d o f e l e va ,

t i o n fo r h e rs e l f sh e n e ve r s p e a k s
,
We see i n th i s m a r .

r i a e a u n i o n o f e s t e e m a e , o f d e e p r e ve r e n ce r a th e r th a n
g y , ,

o f a ffec t i o n T h e po e t h a s n o t l e ft th i s u n e x pl a i n e d
. Sh e .

h as h a d c h i l d r e n b u t h a s r e a r e d n o n e ; th i s m a y h a ve a dd e d
,

a n o th e r s t i n g t o M a c b e th s j e a l o u s y o f B a n qu o ; b u t t h e
’

m os t n a t u r a l c o n s e q u e n c e i s th a t t h e p a i r a re d r a w n m o re
c l o s e ly t o e th e r a n d are m o re i n t e n t o n t h e gr a t i fi c a t i o n
g ,

e ac h c a n a ffo rd t h e o th e r W h e n n o n e O f h e r go l d e n e x
.

a re fu l fi l l e d — w h e n i n s t e a d o f s u c c e ssfu l
p e c t a t i o n s
g re a t
~
,

n e ss t h e r u i n o f t h e l a n d a n d o f h e r h u s b a n d fo ll o ws — th e n
,

h e r p o w e rs s u dd e n ly co ll a p s e Tr u s t i n g i n h i m s h e co u l d .
,

h ave e n d u r e d fo r e ve r t h e co n fl i c t s o f c o n s c i e n ce o f n a t u re , ,

a nd o f a h arr o w i n g i m agi n a t i o n b u t d oub t i n g h i m sh e , , ,

d o ub t s h e rs e l f a l s o ; l i k e i vy sh e h a d t wi n e d h e r fre s h ve rd ,

9“
T r a ns l a t ed b y M r F u r ness .
(s e e hi s ed . o f 4 69) fro m t h e
e d ( Le i p z i g,
3 d G e r m an .
 M A C B E TH
38
.

ure r
a ou nd th e bra n c h
k i n gly t re e b u t w h e n t h e
e s of t he ,

t ru n k t o tt e r s sh e fa ll s t o t h e g ro u n d ; h e r i ro n h e ar t d i s
,

s o l ve s i h t h e fi re o f th i s affl i c t i o n a n d o f th i s fa l s e e x pe c
t at i o n. T h e r e h a ve b e e n r e gre t s e x p re ss e d th a t t h e t r a n
s i t i o n i n h e r fro m m a s c u l i n e s t re n g th t o fe m i n i n e w e ak
n e ss h a s n o t b e e n m o re fu lly p o r t ray e d b y t h e p o e t It wa s .
,

h o w e ve r n o g ra d u a l t r a n s i t i o n b u t a s u d d e n d o w n fa ll
, ,

It i s ve ry n o t e w o r thy th a t fo r t h e m u r d e r o f B a n q u o
M a c b e th e m pl o y s t h e ve r y i n c i t e m e n t s w h i c h h a d wr o u ght
m o s t e ffe c t u a lly u p o n h i m s e l f : h e a pp e a l s t o t h e m a n h o o d
o f t h e m u rd e r e r s .

A s fa r as r e g a rd s p oe t i c j u s t i c e i n t h e fa t e s o f D u n c a n ,

B a n q u o a n d M ac d u ff th e r e l i e s i n th e i r s e ve r a l n a t u r e s a
, ,

c o n t r a s t t o M ac b e th s K i n g D u n ca n i s c h a r ac t e r i z e d i n
’
.

h i s t o ry a s a m a n o f gre a t e r w e a k n e ss th a n b ec a m e a k i n g ;
r e b e ll i o n s w e r e fr e qu e n t i n h i s r e i g n ; h e was n o w a r r i o r t o
s u pp r e ss th e m no phy si o g n o m i s t t o r e a d t re a s o n i n t h e fa c e ;
,

a ft e r h e h a d u s t p a ss e d th r o u h a p a i n fu l e x p e r i e n ce th r o u h
j g g
t h e t re ac h e ry o f t h e fr i e n d ly th a n e o f C a wd o r h e a t o n c e , ,

o ve r l o o k i n g t h e m o d e s t B a n q u o e l e va t e s M a c b e th t o th i s
,

ve r y th a n e s h i p th e r e b y p a m p e r i n g M a c b e th s a m b i t i o n a n d
’
, ,

s u ffe r s a c r u e l p e n a lty fo r th i s b l u n d e r a t t h e h a n d s o f t h e
n e w th a n e h i s o w n k i n s m a n
,
Th e s a m e l a c k o f fo r e s i g ht
.

r u i n s B a n qu o H e h a d b e e n a d m i tt e d t o t h e s e c re t o f t h e
.

w e i r d s i s t e rs ; pl e d ge d t o o p e n n e ss t o w a rd s M a cb e th h e h a d ,

a n o pp o rt u n i ty o f c o n vi n c i n
g h i m s e l f O f h i s o b d u r a cy a n d
s e c re c y ; h e s u rm i s e s a n d s u s p e c t s M ac b e th s d e e d ye t h e ’
,

d o e s n o th i n g a ga i n s t h i m a n d n o th i n g fo r h i m s e l f ; l i k e b u t ,

w i th a d i ffe re n c e th o s e c o w a rd ly i m p e rs o n a t i o n s o f fe a r t h e
, ,

D o c t o r S e y t o n R o ss a n d t h e s py i n g i ro n i c a l L e n n o x h e
, , , ,

s u pp re ss e s h i s th o u ght s a n d w i l fu lly s h u t s h i s e y e s ; h e fa ll s ,

h a vi n g d o n e n o th i n g i n a fi e l d fu ll o f d a n ge rs M acd u ff i s .

n o t q u i t e s o c u lp a b l e i n th i s r e s p e c t ; h e i s th e r e fo r e p u n i s h
, ,

e d n o t i n h i s o wn p e r s o n b u t i n t h e fa t e O f h i s fa m i ly w h i c h
, , ,

m a k e s h i m t h e m a r ty r h e r o b y w h o s e h a n d M ac b e th fa ll s
-

.
 IN TR OD U C TION:
39

M a cd u ff i s , by n a t
w h a t M a c b e th o n c e wa s a m i x t u r e o f
u e, r ,

m i l d n e ss a n d fo rce ; h e i s m o r e th a n M a cb e th b e c au s e h e i s ,

w i th o u t a ny a d m i x t u r e o f a m b i t i o n W h e n M a l co l m accu s e s .

h i m s e l f to M ac d uff of e ve ry i m agi n ab l e vi ce not a s h ad o w ,

o f a m b i t i o n t o fo r ce h i m s e l f i n t o t h e u s u r p e r s pl a c e c o m e s
’

o ve r M a c d u ff S O n o b l e s o b l a m e l e ss so m i l d M a c d u ff
.
, , ,

l a ck s t h e go a d o f s h ar p a m b i t i o n n e c e ss a ry t o m a k e h i m a
vi c t o r i o u s o pp o n e n t o f M a c b e th : t h e p oe t th e r e fo r e b y t h e , ,

h o rr i b l e e x t e rm i n a t i o n o f h i s fa mi ly , d r a i n s h i m o f t h e m i l k
o f h u m a n k i n d n e ss a n d s o fi t s h i m t o b e t h e co n q ue r o r o f
,

M a cb e th .

[Fr om D ow d en
’
s

T h e re i s a l i n e i n t h e pl ay o f M ac b e th u tt e r e d a s t h e ,

e ve n i n g s h a d o ws b e g i n t o g a th e r o n t h e d a
’

y o f B a n qu o s

m u rd e r w h i c h we m ay r e p e a t t o o u rs e l ve s a s a m o t t o o f t h e
,

e n t i r e t ra e d y o o d th i n s Of d a roo p a n d
“
g G , g y b e g i n t o d
It i s t h e t ra ge d y o f t h e t w i l i g h t a n d t h e s e tt i n g
”
d r o ws e .

i n o f th i c k d a r k n e s s u p o n a h u m a n s o u l We a ss i s t a t t h e .

s p ec t a c l e o f a t e rr i b l e s u n s e t i n fo l d e d c l o u d s o f b l o o d To
t h e l a s t h o w e ve r o n e th i n b a n d s b r e a d th o f m
.

e l a n c h o ly
’
-

, ,

l i ght r e m a i n s — t h e s ad n e ss o f t h e d ay wi t h ou t i t s s t r e n g th .
.

M a c b e th i s t h e p r e y o f a p r o fou n d w o r l d w e ar i n e ss A nd -

w h i l e a h u ge el m u z p u rs u e s c r i m e t h e c r i m i n a l i s n o t ye t i n
'

u tt e r b l ac kn e ss O f n i h t W h e n t h e pl a y o p e n s t h e s u n i s
g .
,

a l r e a d y d r o pp i n g b e l o w t h e ve r ge An d a s a t s u n s e t s t r a n ge
.

w i n d s a r i s e a n d ga th e r t h e c l o u d s t o w e s t w a rd w i th m ys t e r i
,

o u s p au s e a n d s t i r s o t h e pl a y o f M a c b e th o p e n s w i th m o ve
,

m e n t o f m y s t e r i o u s s p i r i t ua l p o w e rs w h i c h a re a ux i l i a r y o f
, ,

th a t a wfu l s h ad o w w h i ch firs t c r e e p s a nd th e n s t r i d e s a c r os s
the moral hor i z o n .

It n e e d h a r d ly b e o n c e m o r e r e p e a t e d th a t t h e W i t c h e s O f
M ac b e th a re n o t t h e b r o o m s t i c k w i t c h e s O f vu l ga r p o p u l a r
-

S /z o f rper e a Cr i t i ca l S t u dy o
f /z z s fil n d a n d A r t b y E d ward D o wd e n
' ’

e z

(2 d e d L o n d o n
,

.
, p 2 44 fol (b y p e r m i s s i o n )
. . .
40 M A CB E TH .

tr d it i
a n If t h ey ar e gro t e s qu e th ey a re a l s o s ub l i m e Th e
o .
'

,
.

We i rd s i s t e rs o f o u r d r a m a t i s t m ay t a k e th e i r pl a c e b e s id e
t h e t e rr i b l e Ol d w o m e n o f M i c h a e l A n ge l o wh o s p i n t h e ,

d es t i n i es of m an T h e y t i n gl e i n e ve r y fi b r e w i th e vi l
.

e n e r y as t h e t e m p e s t d o e s w i th t h e e l e c t r i c c u rr e n t ; th e i r
g ,

m al i g n i ty i s i n ex h au s t i b l e ; th e y a re w e ll s o f s i n s p r i n g i n g u p
i n t o e ve r l a s t i n g d e a th ; th e y h ave th e i r r a pt u re s a n d e c s t a s i e s
i n c ri m e ; th e y s n a t c h w i th d e l i g ht a t t h e r e l i c s o f i m p i e ty
a n d fou l d i s e a s e ; th e y a r e t h e a wfu l i n s p i r e rs o f m u rd e r i h ,

s a n i ty s u i c i d e
, .

“
T h e t r u e r e a s o n fo r t h e fi r s t a pp e a r a n c e o f t h e w i t c h e s ,

C o l e r id ge h a s s a id i s t o s t r i k e th e k ey n o t e o f th e c h arac t e r
“
,
-

o f th e w h o l e d r a m a T h ey app e a r i n a d e s e r t pl ac e w i th
”
.
,

th u n d e r a n d l i g ht n i n g ; i t i s t h e b arr e n a n d b l a s t e d pl a ce
w h e r e e vi l h a s o b t a i n e d t h e m a s t e r y o f t h i ngs O b s e r ve th a t .

t h e l a s t w o r d s o f t h e w i t c h e s i n t h e O p e n i n g s c e n e o f t he
,

pl ay a re t h e firs t w o rd s w h i c h M a cb e th h i m s e l f u tt e rs
,
.

F a i r i s fo u l an d fo u l i s fa i r
H ov er t h ro u gh t h e fo g a nd fi l thy ai r *
.

M o eoef/i fou l a nd fa i r a d a y I h a ve n o t s e e n
. So .
’

S h a ks p e r e i n t i m a t e s b y th i s th a t a lth o u gh M a c b e t h h a s n o t
e t s e t e y e s u p o n th e s e h ags t h e c o n n ec t i o n i s a l r e a d y e s
y ,

t ab l i s h e d b e t w e e n h i s s o u l a n d th e m T h e i r s p e ll s h ave a l.

r e a d y wr o u h t u p o n h i s b l oo d W h e n t h e th r e e s i s t e r s m e e t
g .

M a cb e t h a n d B a n q u o u p o n t h e h e a th i t i s B a n qu o t o w h o m ,

th e y ar e fi rs t vi s i b l e i n t h e gr ay n o r th e r n a i r T o B a n qu o ,
.

th e y are obj e c t i ve— th ey are o u t si d e h i m s e l f a nd h e c a n Ob ,

s e r ve a n d d e s c r i b e th e i r s t r a n ge a s p e c t th e i r w i l d a tt i r e a nd , ,

th e i r m y s t e r i ou s ge s t u r e M acb e th i s r a pt i n s i l e n ce a nd
.
,

th e n w i th e age r l o n g i n g d e m a n d s Sp e a k i f yo u c a n : w h a t
“
,

a r e yo u ? ”
W h e n th e y h a ve g i ve n h i m t h e th r e e H a i l s a s ,

G l a m i s a s C a wd o r a n d as K i n g t h e h a i l o f t h e p a s t o f t h e
, , , ,

” W o r d s u tt e r e d b
y a l l t h r e e w i t c h e s a ft e r e a c h h a s s i ng l y s p o k e n
9
,

th r i ce .
 IN TR OD U C TION 4,
.

p r s n t f t h f t r M b th s t t s It i f ll r v l
e e ,
O e u u e, ac e ar . s a u e e a~

t i n f h i s i m i n l pt i t d s M H d s n h w ll s i d
o o cr a a u e ,
r . u o as e a ,

“
th t s t r tl s d S r p r i s s h i m i n t r pt r f m d i t
a so a e an u e o a a u e o e a

t i n A d b s id s th i s M b th i s t r tl d t fi n d th t
o .
”
n e e ,
ac e s a e o a

th r i
e e t rr i b l r s p n d n s t b l i s h d b t w n t h
s a e e co re o e ce e a e e ee e

b s r i n st i n ts f h i s w h rt
a e c o d r t i n wf l o t rn ln ea an ce a a u ex e a

a g n i s f vi l
e c e o e .

B t b s id
u th
e v g y t m s t r i n g i n sp i r t i n
e e a ue f rim e a e a o o c e

rec e i v d fr m t h w i t h s th
e o i s th m
e d fi n i t i nsp i r
c e , e re e ore e e a

t i n r i d f m h i s w i f M b th i
o e c e ve ro i t b ly i m g i n e . ac e s exc a a a

t i v d h i s i m g i n t i n lt r n t ly s t i m l t s d n f b l s
e , an a a o a e a e u a e an e ee e

h i m Th f t s i n th i r l r t tl i n d i pp i t h
. e ac e c ea -

cu ou e sa e ar
'

n e

d i m t m s ph r a o f s mis d sir f
e e o h p w h i h th
ur e, e e, e a r, o e, c e

s p i ri t f M b th ff s s
o ac n d th f t B t h i s w i f s s
e e u e a ro u e ac . u e ee

th i n gs i t h l r s t d m s t d fi n i t tl i n H d l i
n e c ea e an o e e ou e . er e

ca e t f m i s fi ll d w i th h i gh s t r n g n r v s n rgy W i th
ra e e .
~
u e ou e e .

h er t o p i i s f r th w i th t o d i d t d i d i s t t
e rc e ve o ec e, o ec e o ac .

H ing r s l v d p n h
av e o d e p r t i l l gi
u o n in s er en , a ac ca o c co v ce

h er th t t h m n s
a e i m pl i d ea d d t min d a re M b th e an e er e . ac e

r s lv s
e o e d f lt rs b k f m
, an a t i n ; w h i str i n d
e ac ro ac o no e s re a e

b y h i s i m gi n t i n a w b y h i s f rs
a o w by l i n g r i n g v l l i
,
no ea ,
no e e e

t i s t w rd s l y l d h n r b l i s t n
e o a a o a an H i s n bl o ou a e ex e ce . e u a e

t k
o eep i n h k p t n d r r str i n t y
c ec or u f th v ri u e e a an one o e a

o us in h r nt p w s f his n t
co e e w h i h i mp d
o er O d m a u re, c e e an e

b rr ss
a a h t h t i n f t h th r L d y M b th g i n s
e ac e ac o o e o e . a ac e a

for th t i m s ffi i n t s t r n gth b y th r w i n g h rs l f p ss i n
e e, u c e e o e e a o

a e t ly i n t s i n gl p r p s
o a d b y r s l t ly
e u p ss i n g l l
o e, an e o u e re re a

th t i i n n s i s t n t w i th th t p p s In t t h s r vi f
a s co e a ur o e . o e e ce o

e vi l h
s e i s s m
c a rr e f t h i n t n s i ty od n rgy f
e o t e e an e e O a sc e

i i m— h
c s s t s ff fr m h rs l f h b tt r n t r h y i l d s
e cu O o e e er e e a u e, s e e

no w k p lt i n g w i th
ea a ns i ner I h v gi v n s kco c e ce .
“
a e e uc ,
”

s h e l ims
exc a d k n w h w t n d r t i s t l v th b b
,
“
an o o e e
’
o o e e a e

th t m i l k s m ; h i s n b l t s t b D n n b s h
a e
”
s e u a e o a u ca ec au e e

re s m bl s h
e e f th r i n h i s s l p ; h i s pp ll d b y t h
er a e ee s e a a e e

co p i s b l d i w h i h t h l d m l i s d t h h rr r f
ou oo n c e o an e ,
an e o o o
42 M A CB E TH .

the s i ght c l i n gs y ; t h sm ll f t h b l d i s
to h e r m e m o r e e o e oo

h tflt h
a e u o d l m s t i n s pp t b l ; h h d
er an a t bon u or a e s e a no ee

w i th t pp h n s i n th t h f m i n i n n t r m i ght f i l
ou a re e o a er e e a u e a to

c a rr y h th r gh t h t i b l d l th gh w h i h h e y t
er ou e e rr e or ea ,
r ou c s e

r s l d th t i t s h l d b
e o ve a m p ll d t p ss ou Sh m s t e co e e o a . e u no r

w sta t m f h s t n gth f w i ll w h i h h t s r v f
e an a o o er re o , c as o e e or

t w m rd r rs — f
o u h
e e h s b n d w ll f h s l f S h
or er u a as e as or er e . e

p t s i n t r q i s i t i n w i th t h i d f w i n
u o e u o d f sti m l n t e a o e an o u a

w d s th r s v f n v s f r w h i h l y n s d N
or e e er e o er ou o ce c a u u e . o

w i t h s h v gi n h
c e a eH il ; ve i y d gg r m rs h l s h
er
“
a no a r a e a a er

th e w y h i g i ng ;
a s e is hs ft rw rd s h n t d b y t h
o no r s e a e a au e e

t r i b l vi si n f B n q s g y h d A l n g h w i ll
er e o o a uo
’
or ea . s o as er

r m ins h
e a w her o th w h s l f p n t r n l f t s
n s e c an ro er e u o ex e a ac ,

an d m i n t i n h rs l f i n
a a l t i n w i th t h d fi n i t t l
e e re a o e e e , ac u a su r

r n d i n gs ; i t i i n h s l p w h n t h w i ll i s i n p b l
ou s er f ee ,
e e ca a e O

ac t i n th t h i s p rs t d b y t h p s t w h i h p r p t lly
o ,
a s e e ecu e e a c e e ua

re n ws i t s l f
e t i n gh s tly s h p s b t by t h
e ,
no i m gi n d o a e ,
u e a e re

c u rr e n fr l
ce o d t r i b l i n id n t s
ea an er e c e .

T h f rs f L d y M b t h p n t h n i g ht f D n n s
’
e ea o a ac e u o e O u ca

m d rur e th d fin i t
a re n s th t t h m rd r rs m y b d
e e e o e a e u e e a e e

tec e t d th t s m,
m i ss i n i
a o th p e o rr n g d pl n m y o n e re a -

a e a a oc

c u r, th t h a h s h s b n d m y b s m m n d t pp r
e or er u a a e u o e o a ea

b f r th t r
e o e s f th i r i m h
e a ce b n r m v d
o e M cr e a ve ee e o e . o re

a wf l n s i d r t i n s w l d p ss i n p n h
u co e a o d v r wh l m
ou re u o er an o e e

h er s n i ty b t th t h f r i b ly r p l s th m f t h t i m
a ,
u a s e o c e e e or e e

T h ese d e e d s m u s t no t be th o ugh t
A ft e r t h e se wa y s so, it w il l m a k e us m ad .

To h e r t h e s i ght o f D u n c a n d e a d i s a s t e rr i b l e as t o M a cb e th ;
b u t s h e t a k e s t h e d agge rs fro m h e r h u s b a n d ; a n d w i th a
fo rc e d j e s t h i d eo u s i n t h e s e l f vi o l e n ce w h i c h i t i m pl i e s s h e
,
-

s t e p s fo r th i n t o t h e d a r k c o rr i d o r
If h e d o b l e ed
I l l g il d t h e fa ces w i th a l
’
of t h e g ro o m s ,

Fo r i t m us t se e m th e i r gu i l t .
44
M A CB E TH .

so wh i te . A l i ttl
w a t e r c l e a rs u s o f th i s d e e d
e Y et i t i s .

s h e wh o h a s u tt r
e e d n o l a r ge w o r d s a b o u t
“
t h e m u l t i t ud i
n o u s s e a s w h o w i ll r i s e i n s l u m b e ry ag i t a t i o n a n d w i th h e r
” “

a cc u s t o m e d a c t i o n e a e rly e ss a y t o r e m o ve fr o m h e r l i ttl e
g
h a n d i t s i n e fface a b l e s t a i n a n d w i th h e r d e l i c a t e s e n s e s i c k
,

e n a t t h e s m e ll o f b l oo d u p o n i t w h i c h a l l t h e p e r fu m e s O f
“
,

Ar a b i a w i ll n o t s w e e t e n a n d l a st w i ll l o o s e n t h e t e rri b l e ,

c o n s t ri c t i o n o f h e r h e a rt w i th a s i g h th a t l o n gs t o b e p e r p e t

ua l . It i s t h e q u e e n a n d n o t h e r h u s b a n d wh o i s s l a i n by
, ,

c o n s c i e n ce .

Y e t t h e s o u l o f M ac b e th n e ve r qu i t e d i s app e a rs i n t o t h e
b l a ck n e ss o f d a rk n e ss H e i s a c l o u d w i th o u t w a t e r c a r r i e d
.

a b o u t o f w i n d s ; a t r e e w h o s e fr u i t w i th er s b u t n o t e ve n t o ,

t h e l a s t pl u c k e d u p b y t h e r o o t s F o r t h e d u ll fe r oc i ty o f
.

M a c be th i s j o yl e ss A l l h i s l i fe h a s go n e i r r e t r i e va b ly
.

a s t r a y a n d h e i s a w a r e o f th i s
,
H i s s u s p i c i o n b e co m e s u n
.

c o n t r o ll a b l e ; h i s r e i g n i s a r e i g n o f t e rr o r ; a n d a s h e d r o p s

d e e p e r a n d d e e p e r i n t o t h e s o l i t u d e an d th e gl o o m h i s s e n s e ,

O f e rr o r a n d m i sfo r t u n e fu t i l e a n d u n p r o d u c t i ve a s th a t s e n s e
,

i s i n c r e as e s
, H e l i ve s u n d e r a d r e a r y c l o u d a n d a l l th i n g s
.
,

l oo k gra y a nd co l d H e h as l i ve d l o n g e n o ugh ye t h e c l i n gs
.
,

t o l i fe ; th a t w h i c h s h o u l d a c c o m p a n y O l d a ge as h o n our
“
, ,

l o ve obe d i e n ce t r oo p s o f fr i e n d s h e m ay n o t l oo k to h ave
, , ,
.

F i n a lly h i s s e n s i b i l i ty h a s gr o wn so d u ll th a t e ve n t h e i n t e l
l i ge n c e o f h i s w i fe s d e a th — t h e d e a th o f h e r wh o h a d b e e n
’

b o u n d t o h i m by s u c h c l o s e c o m m u n i o n i n c r i m e — h a rd ly
m o ve s h i m a n d s e e m s l i ttl e m o r e th a n o n e a dd i t i o n a l i n c i
,

d e n t i n t h e w e a r y ,m e a n i n gl e ss t a l e o f h u m a n l i fe :
Sh e h o u l d h a ve d i ed h e r e aft e r ;
s

T h e re w o u l d h a v e b ee n a t i m e fo r s u c h a w or d .

T o m o rr o w,
-
a nd t o m o r r o w, a n d t o
- -
m o rr o w,
C re e p s t h i s p e tty p a ce fr o m d ay t o d ay
in
T o t h e l as t s yl l ab l e o f r eco r d e d t i m e
A n d a l l o u r yes t e r d ays h a v e l i g ht e d fo o l s
T h e w a y t o d u s ty d e a th O u t o u t b r i e f ca n d l e
L i fe s b u t a wa l k i ng s h ad o w a p oo r pl a y e r
.
, ,
’

,
 INTR OD U C TION
45

T h at t t
s ru s an d h o u r u p o n t h e s t a ge
fr et s hi s ,

A n d t h e n i s h e ar d n o m o r e i t is a tal e
T o l d by a n i d i o t fu l l o f s o u nd a nd fu r y
, ,

S i gn i fy i ng n o th i ng .

T h i s w o r l d w e a r i n e ss w h i c h h as n o t t h e e n e rgy o f T i m o n s
-

,
’

d e s p a i r i s ye t l e ss r e m o t e fr o m t h e j oy a n d gl o r y o f t r u e l i v
,

i ng th a n i s t h e w o rm l i k e vi va c i ty o f Ia go
-

M acb e th r e .

m e m be rs th a t h e o n c e k n e w th e r e wa s s u c h a th i n g as h u m a n
H e s t a n d s a h agga rd s h a d o w a ga i n s t t h e b a n d s
’

g o o d n e ss
“

b r e a d th o f p a l e sk y w h i c h y i e l d s u s s u ffi c i e n t l i ght t o see
hi m . B u t Iago r i s e s co m p ac t w i th fi e n d l i k e e n e r gy s e e n -

b r i g htly i n t h e go d l e ss g l a r e o f h e ll Th e e n d o f M a c b e th
.

i s s a va ge a n d a l m o s t b ru t a l — a d e a th w i th ou t h o n o u r o r
,

l o ve l i n e ss H e fi ght s no w n o t l i k e B e ll o n a s b r i d egr o o m
.
“
,
’

l app d i n p r oo f b u t w i th a w i l d a n d a n i m a l c l i ng i ng t o l i fe
’ ” ’

They h a ve ti e d m e t o a s t a k e ; I ca n n o t fly
b ear l i k e I m u s t fi gh t t h e
,

B ut, -

, co u rse .

H i s fo ll o w e rs d e s e r t h i m ; h e fe e l s h i m s e l f t a k e n i n a t r a p .

T h e p o w e r s o f e vi l i n w h i c h h e h a d t r u s t e d t u r n a g a i n s t h i m
a nd b e t r ay h i m H i s co u r age b e co m e s a d e s p e r a t e r age
. .

We are i n p ai n u n t i l t h e h orr i b l e n ece ss i ty i s a c c o m pl i s h e d .

M ACBET H .
 ZDfiL4 /MD4 QTLS IZ EYRSCLNCQ Z

D U N C N Ki A , ng o f Sco tl and . B o y , s o n t o M acd uff

M LC LM
A O ,
h is
A n E ng i s l hD t
o c or .

D O NA L B A IN,
so n s .

A S co thD t
c oc o r .

M A C B E TH ’
l of t h e k i ng ’
ar m y A Ser g t
e an .

B A N Q UO l g en e r a s s .

A P or ter

M A CD U FF
.
,

, A n O l d M an .

L NN
E OX ,
L DY M B
A AC E I H.
’ ‘

R L D M CDU FF
M N T ITH
o ss ,
l
n ob e m e n o f Sco tl an d . A Y A .

G tl w m tt t
E E ,
en e o an a e nd i ng on La d v M a c b e h
AN U
C ITH N
G S,
HE CAT
Th W t h
E .

A E SS ,
i
F L E A NC E , 5 011 to B a nq u o
ree c es .

p p i ti
.

A
W
S I A R E ar D l f N th
o or l
u m b er a nd , ge n e ra l ar o ns .

of the En gl i h f
s orc e s . L or d s, G e n t l e m en , O ffice r s, So d i ers , M u r l .

Y o u ng SI W RD A , h is so n . tt
d e r e r s , A e n d an s , an d M ess e nger s t .

S E Y T O N, an o ffi ce r a tt e nd i ng o n M acbe th .
S C N
E E : S cot l a n d ; E ng l a n d .
 C A VJ D OR C A S TL E.

ACT I .

SC E N E I . A D eser t P l a t e .

l zg/z tn i ng E n ter t/z r ee W i t ch e s

'

’
Tl z u naer a na .
.

Fi r st Wi tt /t W h e n s h a ll
. we th re e m ee t i
a ga n

In th u n d er ,
l i ght n i n g i i n ,
or n ra ?

IVi t / W h n t h h ly b ly
’
S eeon a
’ / ez . e e ur -

ur s done ,

Wh e n th e b attl e l st d w
’
s o an on .

D
 M A C B E TII
50 .

Tni r a
’
Wi tc/t T h a t w i ll b e e re th e
. s e t o f su n .

Fi r st Wi tt /z W h e re t h e pl a c e ?
.

Upon the h th ea .

T/z i r a T h e re t o m e e t w i th M a c b e th
’
/V
I i tc/z . .

F i r s t Wi tc/z I c o m e G ra y m a l k i n .
,

S econd I /V i tc/z P a dd oc k c a ll s . .

T/t i r a Wi fe/z A n o n
'
. .

A l l F a i r i s fo u l a n d fo u l i s fa i r :
.
,

H o ve r th r o ugh t h e fo g a nd fi lthy ai r [
E at en/i t
'

. .

SC E N E II . A Ca mp nea r For r es .

Al a r u m zo z tnz n
' '

. E n ter D UN CA N M A L CO L M
, ,
D O NA LB A IN,
tt n d n t s m ti g bl d i g S rg n t
L E N N OX , w i t/t A e a ,
ee n a ee n e ea .

D W h t bl dy m
u n ca n . i s th t H a r p rt oo an a ? e c an e o ,

A s m th by h i s pl i ght
s ee e f th r v l t ,
o e e o

Th n w s t s t t
e e e a e .

M l lm a co T h i s i s t h s rg n t
. e e ea

Wh l i k go d de ah rd y s l d i r f
oo g ht an a o e ou

G i nst my pt i vi ty — H i l b
’
a ca f i nd a , r a ve r e

S y t th k i n g t h k n w l d g
a o e f th b r i l e o e e o e o

A th s d id s t l ou it e a ve .

S g t er ea n D btf l i t st d
. ou u oo ,

A tw s p n t w i m m rs th t d l i n g t g th r
o s e s e a o c o e e

A d h k th i r
n c t o Th m r i l ss M
e e d w ld ar . e e c e ac on a

\V t h y t b
'

or b l f o t th t e a re e ,
or o a

T h m lt i ply i n g i ll n i
e u fn t v a es o a ure

D sw m p n h i m — f m t h w s t r n i s l s
o ar u o ro e e e e

Of k ns d g ll w gl ss s i s ppl i d
er an a o a e s u e

A d F t n
n his d mn d q
or u l sm i l i n g
e, o n a e u a r re ,

S h w d l ik b l s wh
’
b t ll w k;
’ ’
o e a re t e o re : u a s oo ea

F b or M b th
r a ve— w ll h d s ac s th t n m e e e e e r ve a a e

D i d i i g F r t n w i th h i s b di h d st l
’
s a n n l o u e, ra n s ee ,

W h i h m k d w i th b l d y
c s o ti n
’
oo ex ecu o ,

Li k v l t h i s p ss g
’
r s mini n vd
’
e a ou o c ar ou a a e
 M A CB E TH
5 2 .

R oss . s ave t h e k i n g i Go d
D u n ca n W h e n ce c a m s t th o u w o r thy th a n e ?
’
.
,

R oss . F r o m F i fe g re a t k i n g ,

W h e r e t h e N o rw e y a n b a n n e rs fl ou t t h e sk y
An d fa n o u r p e o pl e co l d N o r w ay h i m s e l f .
,

W i th t e rr i b l e n u m b e rs ,

A ss i s t e d b y th a t m o s t d i s l o y a l t r a i t o r ,

Th e th a n e o f C a wd o r b e ga n a d i s m a l c o n fl i c t ; ,

Ti ll th a t B e ll o n a s b r i d eg r oo m l app d i n p r o of
’ ’

, ,

C o n fro n t e d h i m w i th s e l f co m p a r i s o n s -

P o i n t aga i n s t p o i n t r e b e ll i o u s a r m g a i n s t a rm ,
’
,

C u r b i n g h i s l a vi s h s p i r i t a nd t o co n cl u d e , ,

Th e vi c t o r y fe l l o n u s .

D u nca n . G r e a t h a pp i n e ss !
R oss . T h a t no w
S we no t h e No rwa ys k i n g c r ave s c o m p o s i t i o n
’
, ,

No r w o u l d we d e i g n h i m b u r i a l o f h i s m e n
T i ll h e d i s b u r s e d a t S a i n t C o l m e s In c h ’

T e n th o u s a n d d o ll a r s t o o u r ge n e r a l u s e .

D u nca n NO m o r e th a t th a n e o f C a wd o r s h a ll d e c e i ve
.

O u r b o s o m i n t e r e s t : go p r o n o u n c e h i s p r e s e n t d e a th ,

An d w i th h i s fo r m e r t i tl e g r ee t M a cb e th .

R oss I l l s e e i t d o n e
’
. .

D u nca n W h a t h e h a th l o s t n ob l e M acb e th h a th wo n
. .

[
E x eu n t

SC E N E III . A H ea l /z .

T/z u na er
’
. E n ter ti l e t /z r ee W i t ch e s .

Wi tc/z W h e r e h a s t th o u b ee n s i s t e r ?
'

Fi r s t .
,

S econ a Wi tc/t K i ll i n g sw i n e
’
. .

T/z i r a Wi tcl z S i s t e r w h e r e th ou ?
’
.
,

F i r st Wi tc/z A s a i l o r s w i fe h a d c h e s t n u t s i n
’
.

’ ’
An d m u n ch d , a nd m u nch d , a nd m u nc h d
’
.

qu o th I
 ACT ] . S CE NE III .

53
‘
Ar o i n t th ee, w i t ch
r u m p fe d r o n y o n c r i e s
!
’
th e -

H e r h u s b a n d s t o A l e pp o go n e m a s t e r 0 t h e T i ge r
’
,

B u t i n a s i e ve I l l th i th e r s a i l
’
,

A nd l i k e a r a t w i th ou t a t a i l
, ,

I 11 d o , I 11 d o ,
’ ’
a nd I 11 d o
’
.

S econd Wi tch . I 11 gi ve
’
th ee a wind .

/V
Fi r s t I i tch kind . T h ou ’
rt .

Thi r d IVi tch A n d I a n o th e r

/
. .

Fi r s t l/Vi tch I m y s e l f h a ve a l l th e o th e r,
.

A n d t h e ve r y p o r t s th e y b l o w ,

A l l t h e q u a r t e rs th a t th e y k n o w
I t h e s h i p m a n s c a rd
’ ’
.

I l l d r a i n h i m d ry a s h ay :
’

S l ee p s h a ll n e i th e r n i ght no r d ay
H an g up o n h i s p e n t h o use l id ; -

H e s h a ll l i ve a m a n fo r b i d
W e a r y s e n n i ght s n i n e t i m e s n i n e
’

S h a ll h e d w i n d l e p e a k a n d p i n e , ,

T h o u g h h i s b a rk c a n n o t b e l o s t ,

Y e t i t s h a ll b e t e m p e s t t o s t -

L oo k w h a t I h ave .

S econd IVi tch S h o w m e s h o w m e

/ .
, .

Fi r st Wi tch H e r e I h a ve a p i l o t s th u m b
’
.
,

Wrack d a s h o m e w a rd h e d i d c o m e
’
. D
[ r u m w i th i n .

Th i r d Wi tch A d r u m a d r u m ! .
,

M acb e th d o th c o m e .

A l l T h e w e i r d s i s t e rs h a n d i n h a n d ,
.
,

P o s t e rs o f t h e s e a a n d l a n d ,

T h u s d o go ab ou t ab o u t : ,

T h r i c e t o th i n e an d th r i c e t o m i n e , ,

And th r i ce a ga i n t o m a k e u p n i n e , .

P e ace ! t h e c h a rm s w o u n d up ’
.
 M A CB E TII
54 .

E n ter M A C B E T H a nd BA N Q U O .

M a cbeth . So fo u l and fa i r a d ay I h a ve n o t s ee n .

B a nqu o . H o w far
i s t c a l l d t o Fo rr e s ? th e s e
’ ’
W h a t a re
S O wi t h e r d a n d so w i l d i n th e i r a tt i re
’
,

T h a t l o o k n o t l i k e t h e i n h ab i t a n t s o t h e e a r th ’

A n d y e t a r e o n t —L i ve y o u ? o r a re yo u a u gh t
’

T h a t m a n m ay q u e s t i o n ? Y ou s ee m t o u n d e rs t a n d m e ,

B y e a c h a t o n ce h e r c h o ppy fi n g e r l a y i n g
U p o n h e r sk i n n y l i p s yo u s h o u l d b e w o m e n ,

A n d ye t y o u r b e a rd s fo r b i d m e t o i n t e r p r e t
T h a t y o u a re s o .

M a cbeth .S p e ak i f yo u c a n : w h a t a r e yo u ? ,

F i r s t Wi tch Al l h a i l M a c b e th ! h a i l t o th ee th a n e o f
.
, ,

G l am i s !
S econd Wi tch A l l h ai l M a c b e th ! h a i l t o th ee th a n e o f
.
, ,

C a wd o r !
Th i r d Wi tch A l l h a i l M a cb e th th a t s h a lt b e k i n g h e r e
.
, ,

ah er !
B an
qu o . G oo d si r, w hy d o yo u s a r t t ,
a nds e e m t o fe a r
T h i n gsth t d s n d a o ou so fa i r — ’
I the n a m e o f t r u th ,

A re
y f n t sti l
e a th t i d d a ca ,
or a n ee

Wh i h c t w rd ly y s h w M y n b l p r t n r
ou a e o ? o e a e

Y ou g r t w i th p s n t g
ee d gr t p r d i t i n re e r a ce a n ea e c o

Of n b l h i n g d f y l h p
o e av an o ro a o e,

T h t h s m s pt w i th l ; t m y
a e ee sp k rat a o e ou ea no .

If y l k i n t th s d s f t i m
ou c a n oo o e ee o e,

A d
n y w h i h g i n w i ll g r w
sa d w h i h w i ll
c t ra o an c no ,

S p k th n t m
ea ew h n i th r b g o f r e, o e e e no r ea

Y r f v rs
ou a y h t
ou no r ou r a e .

F i t Wi t h H i l
rs c . a

S d Wi t h H i l !
econ c . a

Th i d IVi t h H i l !
r / c . a

Fi t Wi t h L ss
rs th n M b th d gr t r
c . e er a ac e ,
an ea e .

S d IVi t h N t
econ /
h ppy y t m h h pp i r
c . o so a ,
e uc a e .
 AC T ] . S CE NE III .

55

Th i r d Wi tch T h o u s h a lt
.
ge t k i n gs ,
th oug h th ou be none
So al l h ila ,
M a cb e th a nd B a nq uo l

/V
Fi r st I i tch B a n q u o a n d M ac b e th a l l h a i l !
'

.
,

M a cbeth S t a y yo u i m p e rfe c t s p e a k e r s t e ll m e m o r e
.
, ,

B y S i ne l s d e a th I k n o w I a m th a n e o f G l a m i s
’

B u t h o w o f C a wd o r ? t h e th a n e o f C a wd o r l i ve s ,

A p r o s p e r o u s ge n tl e m a n a nd to b e k i n
g
S t a n d s n o t w i th i n t h e p r o s p e c t o f b e l i e f ,

No m o re th a n t o b e C a wd o r S a y fr o m w h e n ce .

Y o u o we th i s s t r a n ge i n t e ll i ge n c e ? o r w hy
U p o n th i s b l a s t e d h e a th yo u s t o p o ur way
W i th s u c h p r o ph e t i c gr ee t i n g ? s p e a k I c h a rge yo u ,
.

Wi tch es va ni sh .

B a nqu o . r th h a th b u b b l e s a s t h e w a t e r h as
Th e ea ,

A n d th e s e a r e o f th e m W h i th e r a r e th e y va ni sh d ?
’
.

M a cbeth In t o t h e a i r ; a n d w h a t s ee m d co r p o r a l m el t e d
.
’

A s b re a th i n t o t h e w i n d W o ul d th e y h ad s t ay d ’
.

B a n qu o W e r e s u c h th i n gs h e r e a s we d o s p e a k a b o u t ?
.

O r h a ve we e a t e n o n t h e i n s a n e r o o t
T h a t t ak e s t h e re a s o n p r i s o n e r ?
M a cbeth Y o u r c h i l d r e n s h all b e k i n gs
. .

B a nqu o YOu s h a ll b e k i n
.
g .

M a cbet h A n d th a n e o f C a wd o r t oo w e n t i t n o t so ?
.

B a nqu o T o t h e s e l fs a m e t u n e a n d w o rd s
. Wh o 5 h e r e ? .

E nter R OSS a nd ANG U S .

R oss . Thek i n g h a th h app i ly r ec e i v d M acb e th ’

, ,

Th e n e ws o f thy s uc c e ss ; a n d w h e n h e r e ad s
T hy p e rs o n a l ve n t u r e i n th e r e b e l s fi ght ’

H i s w o n d e rs a nd h i s p r a i s e s d o c o n t e n d
W h i c h s h ou l d b e th i n e o r h i s si l e nc d w i th th a t ’
,

In vi e w i n g o e r t h e r e s t 0 t h e s e l fs a m e d ay
’ ’

H e fi n d s th ee i n t h e s t o u t N o r we y a n r a n k s ,

N o th i n g afe a rd o f w h a t thy s e l f d i d s t m a k e ,

S t r a n g e i m age s o f d e a th A s th i c k a s t a l e
.
 M A CE E TH
56
.

C a p s t w i th p s t d v ry
me o did b o ,
an e e o ne ea r
T hy p r i s s i n h i s k i n gd m g t d f n
a e o
’
s re a e e ce,

A d p d th m d w n b f r h i m
’
n ou r e o e o e .

s . We a re s e n t
T o g i ve th e e fro m o u r roy a l m a s t e r th a n k s ;
O n ly to h e r a l d th ee i n t o h i s s i ght ,

No t p ay th ee .

R oss . A nd fo r n our
a n e ar n est of a
gr e a t rh
e o

H e b a d e m e fro m h i m c a ll th e e th a n e o f C a wd o r
, ,

In w h i c h a dd i t i o n h a i l m o s t w o r thy th a n e !
, ,

Fo r i t i s th i n e .

B a nquo W h a t c a n t h e d e vi l s p e ak t r u e ?
.
,

M a cbeth Th e th a n e o f C a wd or l i ve s : w hy d o you d r e ss
.

In b o rro w d r o b e s ?
’

A ng u s . Wh o was t h e th a n e l i ve s ye t ,

B u t u n d e r h e a vy j u d gm e n t b e a r s th a t l i fe
W h i c h h e d e s e r ve s t o l o s e W h e th e r h e wa s co m b i n d .
’

W i th th o s e o f N o rw ay o r d i d l i n e t h e r e b e l ,

W i th h i dd e n h e lp a n d va n t age o r th a t w i th b o th ,

H e l a bo u r d i n h i s co u n t r y s wr ac k I k n o w n o t ;
’ ’
,

B u t t re a so n s c a p i t a l c o n fe s s d a n d pr o v d
’ ’
-

, ,

H a ve o ve rth r o w n h i m .

M a cbeth [ A si de
]
. G l a m i s a n d th a n e o f C a wd o r !
“

Th e gr e a t e s t i s b e h i n d — T h a n ks fo r y o u r p a i n s .

D O y o u n o t h o p e y o u r c h i l d r e n s h a ll b e k i n gs ,

W h e n th o s e th a t ga ve t h e th a n e o f C a wd o r t o m e
P r o m i s d n o l e ss t o th e m ?
’

B a nqu o . T h a t t rus ted h o m e

M i ght ye t e n k i n d l e yo u u n t o t h e c r o wn ,

B e s i d e s t h e th a n e o f C a wd o r B u t t i s s t r a n ge .
’

A n d o ft e n t i m e s t o w i n u s t o o u r h a r m
, ,

Th e i n s t r u m e n t s o f d a rk n e ss t e ll u s t r u th s ,

Wi n u s w i th h o n e s t t ri fl e s t o b e t r ay s ,
’

In d e e p e s t co n e q u e n ce s .

C o u s i n s a w o rd I p r a y y o u
, , .
 A CT I . S CE z VE III .

57

[
A ]
s i de T wo t r th s
u a re t ldo ,

As h ppy p r l g s t th s w ll i n g t
a o o ue o e e ac

O f t h i m p i l th m — I th n k y
e er a g n tl m n e e a ou, e e e .

[A i d ] T h i s s p rn t r l s l i i t i n g
s e u e a u a o c

C n n t b i ll
a o n n t b g d i f i ll
e ,
ca o e oo : ,

W hy h th i t g i v n m
a n st f s ss e e e ar e o uc ce ,

t r th I m th f C wd r
'

C m m n i ng i n
o e c a u ? a ane o a o

If g d w hy d I y i l d t th t s gg s t i n
oo , o e o a u e o

W h s h rr i d i m g d t h
o e o fi my h i r a e o un x a

A d m k m y s t d h r t k n k t m y r ib s
n a e ea e ea oc a ,

Ag i n s t t h
a f n t r ? Pr s n t f rs
e u se o a u e e e ea

A re l s s th n h rr i b l i m gi n i n gs
e a o e a

M y th ght w h s m th r y t i b t f n t s t i l
ou ,
o e ur e e s u a a ca ,

Sh k s a e m y s i n gl s t t
so fm th t f n t i n e a e o an a u c o

d n th i n g i
’
I m th
s s o d i s rmis
er n u e, a n o s

B t wh t i
u at s no .

B q an uo L. k h w U p rtn r r pt oo o o r a e
’
s a .

M b th [A i d ] If h n
ac e . w i ll h v m k i n g w hy h
s e c a ce a e e , , c a n ce
m ay r w n me c o ,

Wi th o u t my s ti r .

B a nqu o . Ne w h no ou rs co me u p o n him ,

Li k e o ur s t r a n ge g arm e n ts l , c e a ve n o t to th ei r m ou l d
B ut w i th th e ai d o f u se .

M a cbeth .

[
A ]
s i de C o m e w h at co me m ay,
l i me an d
gh t h
th e h
gh s t d you r r u ns th ro u e rou e a .

B q an W thy M b th w s t y p n y r l i s r
uo . or ac e ,
e a u o ou e u e .

M b th G i v m y r f v r m y d ll b r i n w wr
ac e . e e ou a ou : u a as o ug ht
Wi th th i n gs f g t t i K i n d g n tl m n y r p i n s
or o en e e e ,
ou a 1 50

d wh r v ry d y I t r n
’
A gi t
re r e s er e e e e a u

Th l f t r d th m
e ea oL t t w rd t h ki n g
ea e . e us o a e .

T h i n k p n w h t h th h
u o d d t m r tim a a c a nc
’
,
an a o e e,

Th i n t i m h vi n g w i gh d i t l t sp k ’
e er a e ,
e us ea

O ur fr h r t see h t th ea e ac o o er .

B q an uo . V r y gl d ly e a .

M b th T i ll th n n gh — C m f i n d s
ac e .
[
E e , e ou o e, r e . x eu /z t .
 M A CE E TH
58 .

S C E N E IV . F or r es . Th e P a l a ce .

Fl ou r i sh . E n ter D UN N M A LC O L M
CA , ,
D O NA L B A IN, L E NNox ,
a n d A tt e n d a n t s .

D u n ca n . Is e x e cu ti o n done on C a wd o r ? Ar e
T hose i n co m m i ssi o n ye t r e t u rn
’
d
M a l col m . M y i e ge l ,

T h e y a re no t ye t c o m e b ack B u t I h a ve s p o k e .

W i th o ne th a t s a w h i m d i e wh o d i d r e p o r t ,

T h a t ve r y fr a n k ly h e co nfe s s d h i s t r e a s o n s ’

Im pl o r d y o u r h i g h n e ss p a r d o n a n d se t t o rt h
’ ’
,

e p re p e n t a n c e n o th i n g i n h i s l i fe
m e h i m l ik e t h e l e a vi n g i t ; h e d i e d
5 o n e th a t h a d b e e n s t u d i e d i n h i s d e a t h

0 th r o w a w a y t h e d e a r e s t th i n g h e o w e d

s t w e r e a c a r e l e ss t r i fl e
’
.

D u n ca n T h e r e s n o art ’

I
.

T O fin d t h e m i n d s c o n s t ru c t i o n i n t h e fa ce
’

H e wa s a ge n tl e m a n o n w h o m I b u i lt
A n ab s o l u t e t r u s t .

E nter M AC B E T H, BA N Q U O ,
R o ss, a nd AN GU S .

O w o r th i e s t co u sin
T he si n of my i n gr a t i t u d e e ve n no w
Wa s h y m th
e av t onf b f r e o u ar so ar e o e

T h t s w i ft t w i n g f r
a es mp n s i s sl w o eco e e o

T v t k th W l d th h d s t l ss d v d ’
o o er a e ee . ou ou a e e ser ,

T h t t h p p t i n b th f th n ks
a e ro or d p ym n t
o o O a an a e

M i ght h v b n m i n ! n ly I h v l ft t
a e ee
y e o a e e o sa ,

M i s thy d
o re th n m th n l l ue
p y a o re a a c an a .

M b th T h s
ac e i . d t h l y lty I w
e e r v ce a n e o a o e.

I d i ng i t p ys i ts l f
n o Y r h i gh n ss p r t
,
a e . ou e
’
a

I t
s o receiv d ti s d e our d ti s u e : an ou r u e

A t y
re or th r n ou d st t h i l d n d s rv n t s ;
o e an a e c re an e a
60 M A CB E TIJ .

W hose ca e r i s go n e b e fo r e t o b i d us w e l co m e
It i s a p ee r l e ss k i n sm a n .
[
F l ou r i sh E xeu nt .

SC E N E V A R oom i n M a cbeth
’
. In ver ness . s Ca stl e .

E nter L A DY M A C B E T H , r ea d i ng a l etter .

L a dy M a cbeth [R e ad s ] . Th ey m et m e i n th e d ay of s u ccess .

a nd I h a ve l ea r n ed by t h e perfectes t r ep or t, th ey h a ve m or e i n
th em th a n m or ta l h now l edg e Wh en I bu r ned i n d esi r e to
“

qu es t i on th em f ur t h er , th ey m a de th em sel ves a i r , i n to wh i ch th ey
va ni sh ed Whi tes I stood r apt i n th e w on d er of i t, ca me m i s
.

’
s i ves f r om th e hi ng , w h o a l l h a i l ed m e Th a n e of Ca w d or ; by
-

w h i ch ti tl e, bef or e, t h es e w ei r d s i s ter s s a l u ted m e, a nd r e er r ed

f
m e t o th e com i ng on f
o t i m e, w i th
‘
H a i l , h i ng th a t sh a l t be
Th i s h a ve [ th ough t good to del i ver th ee, my d ea r es t p a r tner of
g r ea t ness ,
th a t t h ou m i gh ts t not l ose th e d u es o
f r ej oi ci ng , by
bei ng ignor a n t of w h a t g r ea tness i s p r om i sed th ee [ ay i t t o .

thy h ea r t , a nd f a r ew el l .

Gl m i s th
a ou a r t s h a lt b e
, a n d C a wd o r ,
and

W h t th
a o u a r t p ro m i s d Y e t d o I fe a r thy n a t u r e ;
’
.

It i s t o o fu ll 0 t h e m i l k o f h u m a n k i n d n e ss
’

T o c a t c h t h e n e a r e s t wa y T h o u w o u l d s t b e gr e a t ;
.

A r t n o t w i th o u t a m b i t i o n b u t w i th o u t ,

Th e i ll n e ss s h o u l d a tt e n d i t : w h a t th o u w ou l d s t h i ghly ,

T h a t w o u l d s t th ou h o l i ly ; w o u l d s t n o t pl ay fa l s e J ,

A n d y e t w ou l d s t w r o n gly w i n th o u d s t h a ve gr e a t G l a m i s
’
,

T h a t w h i c h c r i e s T h u s th o u m u s t d o i f th o u h ave i t
, ,

A n d th a t w h i c h r a th e r th o u d o s t fe a r t o d o
T h a n wi s h est s h o u l d b e u n d o n e H i e th e e h i th e r .
,

T h a t I m a y p o u r m y s p i r i t s i n th i n e e a r ,

A n d c h a s t i s e w i th t h e va l o u r o f m y t o n gu e
A l l th a t i m p e d e s th e e fro m t h e go l d e n r o u n d
W h i c h fa t e a n d m e t aphy s i c a l a i d d o th s e e m
T o h ave th ee c ro wn d w i th a l
’
.
 ACT ] . S CE NE V .
61

E nter a M e ss e n ge r .

W h a t i s y o u r t id i n gs ?
M essenger T h e k i n g co m e s h e r e t o n i g ht
. .

L a dy M a cbeth . T h o u r t m a d t o s ay i t ’
;

Is n o t thy m a s t e r w i th h i m ? wh o w e r e t so
’
, ,

W o u l d h a ve i nfo rm d fo r p r e p a r a t i o n
’
.

M essenger S o pl e a s e yo u i t i s t ru e : o u r th a n e i s c o m i n g
.
,
.

O n e o f m y fe ll o ws h a d t h e s p e ed O f h i m ,

Wh o a l m o s t d e a d fo r b r e a th h a d s c ar c e ly m o r e
, ,

T h a n w o u l d m a k e u p h i s m e ss age .

L a dy M a cbeth . G i ve h i m t e n d i n g ;
H e b r i n g s g r e a t n e ws .
[ E x i t M essenger .

T h e r a ve n h i m s e l f i s h oa rs e
T h a t c r o a ks t h e fa t a l e n t r a n c e o f D u n ca n
U n d e r m y b a ttl e m e n t s C o m e yo u s p i r i t s
.
,

T h a t t e n d o n m o r t a l th o ug ht s , u n s e x m e h e r e ,

A n d fi ll m e fr o m t h e c r o wn t o t h e t o e t op fu ll -

O f d i r e s t c r ue lty ! m a k e th i c k m y b l oo d
S t o p u p t h e a cc e ss a n d p a ss a ge t o r e m o rs e ,

T h a t no c o m p u n c t i o u s vi s i t i n gs o f n a t u r e
S h a k e m y fe ll p u r po s e n o r k e e p p e a c e b e t w e e n
,

Th e e ffec t a n d i t ! C o m e to m y wo m an s bre as t s
’

A n d t a k e m y m i l k fo r g a ll yo u m u r th e ri n g m i n i s t e rs
,

W h e r e ve r i n y o u r s i gh tl e ss s u b s t a n ce s
Y ou w a i t o n n a t u r e s m i s ch i e f ! C o m e th i c k n i g ht
’
, ,

A nd p a ll th e e i n t h e d u n n e s t sm o k e o f h e l l ,

T h a t m y k e e n k n i fe s e e n o t t h e w o u n d i t m ak e s ,

No r h e a ve n p e e p th r ou g h t h e b l a n k e t O f th e d ark ,

To c ry H ol d h o l d ,

E n ter M A C B E T H .

G re a t G l m i s ! w r thy C
a o a wd o r !
Grea t r t h n b t h by t h
e a o , e al l -

h i l h r ft r !
a e ea e

T hy l tt rs h v t r n s p r t
e e a e a o e d m e b ey o n d
62 M A08 5 7 1 1 .

T h i s i gn o r a n t p r e s e n t a nd ,
I fe e l now

T h e fu t u r e i n t h e i n s t a n t .

M a cbeth . M y d e ar e s tl o ve ,

D Un c a n co m es h e e r t o n i g ht .

L a dy M a cbeth w h e n go e s h e n ce
A nd
‘

M a cbeth T O m o rr o w , .
-

as he p urp os e s .

L a dy M a cbeth . 0 n e ve r ,

S h lla . th t m r r w
su n a o o se e

Y r f
ou m y th n i s
a ce , b k wh r m a e, as a oo e e en

M ay r d s t r n g m tt rs
ea T b g il th t i m
a e a e . o e u e e e,

L k l i k th t i m b r w l m i y
’

oo e e y e ea e co e n ou r e e,

Y r h n d y r t ng
ou a ,
l k l i k th i n n n t fl w
ou o ue : oo e e oce o e r ,

B t b th s p n t n d r t H th t s
’ ’
u e e er e m i ng u e . e a co

M s t b p r vi d d f
u e d y
o s h ll p te or : an ou a u

T h i s n i g ht s gr t b s i n s s i n t m y d i s p t h ;
’
ea u e o a c

W h i h s h ll t
c ll a i g ht s d d ys t
o a m ou r n an a o co e

G i v s l ly s
e o e r i gn s w y d m s t rd m
o ve e a an a e o .

M b th W w i ll s p k f r th r
ac e . e ea u e .

L dy M b th
a ac e O n ly l k p l
. oo u c ea r ;
T o alt r f v r v r i s t f r
e a ou e e o ea

L v ea l l th r s t t m
e a e e o e .

S C E N E VI . B efor e M a cbeth ’
s Ca st l e .

H a u tboy s a nd tor ch es . E nter D U NC N A ,

M ALC O L M , DO N A L
BA I N BA N Q U O
, ,
LEN N OX , M AC DUFF ,
Ro ss , A N G U S, a nd

A tt e n d a n t s .

D u nca n T h i s c a s tl e h a th a pl e a s a n t s e a t ; t h e
.

N i m b ly a n d s w e e tly r e c o m m e n d s i t s e l f
U n t o o u r ge n tl e s e n s e s .

B a nqu o . T h i s gu e s t o f s u m m e r .

T h e t e m pl e —h au n t i n g m ar tl e t d oe s a pp ro ve ,

B y h i s l o v d m a n s i o n ry th a t t h e h e a ve n s b r e a th
’ ’

S m e ll s w oo i n g ly h e r e n o j u tty fr i e z e , ,

B u tt r e ss n o r co i gn o f va n t age b u t th i s b i rd
, ,
 A CT ] . S CE NE V] .

H a th m a d e h i s p e n d e n t b e d pr r
and oc ea n t c r ad l e
W h e re th e y m o s t b r e e d a n d h nt I h
au ,
a ve o b s e rv d
’

Th e a i r i s d e l i c a t e .

E nter LA DY M A C B E T H .

D u n ca n . Se e, see , o u r h st
h onou r d
’
o e ss !
Th e l v th t f ll ws s m
o e a o o us o e tim is tr bl
e our ou e,

W h i h s t i l l w th n k
c el v a as o e . H r in I te ehy e ac ou

H w y s h ll b i d G d i l d ’
f y r p ins
'

o ou a o e us or ou a

A d th n k
n a f y r tr bl
us or ou ou e .

L a dy M a cbeth . s e r vi ce Al l ou r

In e ve r y p o i n t t w i ce d o n e a n d th e n d o n e d ou b l e
W e r e p o o r a nd s i n gl e b u s i n e ss t o c o n t e n d ,

Aga i n s t th o s e h o n o u rs d e e p a nd b r o a d w h e r e w i th
Y o u r m aj e s ty l oa d s ou r h o u s e : fo r th o s e o f O l d ,

A n d t h e l a t e d i g n i t i e s h e a p d u p t o th e m
’
,

We r e s t y o u r h e r m i t s .

D u nca n . W h e r e s t h e th a n e o f C a wd o r ’

We c o u rs d h i m a t t h e h e e l s a n d h a d a p u r p o s e
’
,

T o b e h i s p u r ve y o r ; b u t h e r i d e s w e ll ,

A n d h i s g re a t l o ve s h a r p a s h i s s p u r h a th h o lp h i m
, ,

T o h i s h o m e b e fo r e u s F a i r a n d n o b l e h o s t e ss
'

,
.

We a re y o u r gue s t t o n i ght -

L a dy M a cbeth . Y ou r s e r va n t s e ve r
H a ve th e i r s th e m s e l ve s a nd w h a t i s th e i rs i n c o m pt
, , , ,

T o m a k e th e i r a u d i t a t y o u r h i g h n e ss pl e a s u r e
’
,

S t i ll t o r e t u r n y o u r o wn .

D u nca n . G i ve m e y o u r h a n d
C o n d u c t m e t o m i n e h o s t : we l o ve h i m h i g hly
A nd s h a ll c o n t i n u e o u r gr a c e s t o w a rd s h i m .

B y y o u r l e ave h o s t e ss ,
.
64 M 4 CB E TH

SC E NE VII . M a cbeth ’
s Ca st/e .

H a u t boy s a nd tor ch es . E nter a S e we r , a nd d i ver s S e r va n ts

w i t h d i sh es a nd s er vi ce, a n d p a ss over th e s t age . Th en en ter

M AC B E T H .

M a cbeth . i t w e r e d o n e w h e n t i s d o n e th e n t w e r e
If
’
,
’

It w e r e d o n e q u i c k ly : i f t h e a ss a ss i n a t i o n
C ou l d t r a m m e l u p t h e co n s e qu e n ce a nd c a t c h ,

W i th hi s s u rce a s e s u cc e ss th a t b u t th i s b l o w
M i g ht b e t h e b e a l l a n d t h e e n d a l l h e r e
- -

B u t h e r e u p o n th i s b a n k a nd s h o a l o f t i m e
, ,

We d j u m p t h e l i fe t o co m e B u t i n th e s e c a s e s
’
.

We s t i ll ha ve j ud g m e n t h e re ; th a t we b u t t e a c h
B l o o d y i n s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h b e i n g t a u gh t r e t u r n
,

T o pl a gu e t h e i n ve n t o r : th i s e ve n h a n d e d j u s t i c e -

C o m m e n d s t h e i n gr e d i e n t s o f o u r p o i s o n d c h a l i c e
’

T o o ur o wn l i p s H e s h e r e i n d ou b l e t r u s t :
’
.

Fi rs t a s I a m h i s k i n sm a n a n d h i s s u bj e c t
, ,

S t ro n g b o th a ga i n s t t h e d e e d th e n a s h i s h o s t , ,

Wh o s h o u l d aga i n s t h i s m u r th e r e r s h u t t h e d o o r ,

No t b e ar t h e k n i fe m y s e l f B e s i d e s th i s D u n c a n
.
,

H a th b o r n e h i s fac u lt i e s so m e e k h a th b e e n ,

S o c l e a r i n h i s gr e a t o ffi c e th a t h i s vi r t u e s,

W i ll pl e a d l i k e a n ge l s t r u m p e t t o n gu d aga i n s t -
’

T h e d ee p d a m n a t i o n o f h i s t a k i n g O ff ; -

A n d p i ty l i k e a n a k e d n e w b o r n b a b e
,
-

S t r id i n g t h e b l a s t o r h ea ve n s c h e r u b i n h o rs d
’ ’
, ,

U p o n t h e s i g htl e ss c o u r i e r s o f t h e a i r ,

S h a ll b l o w t h e h o r r i d d ee d i n e ve r y e ye ,

T h a t t e a rs s h a ll d ro w n t h e w i n d I h ave no s p u r .

T o p r i c k t h e s i d e s o f m y i n t e n t b u t o n ly ,

Va u lt i n g a m b i t i o n w h i c h o e rl e ap s i t s e l f
’
,

A n d fa ll s o n th e o th e r .
 ACT ] . S CE NE VII .
65

E nter LA DY M A C B E T H .

H ow n ow ! wh t a n e ws ?
L a dy M a cbeth . H e h as a lm st o s u pp
’
d w hy h ave yo u l ft
e

the c h a mber ?
M a cbeth H a th
h e a sk d fo r m e ?
.
’

L a dy M a cbeth .n o w yo u n o t h e h a s ? K
M a cbeth We w i ll p
r o ce e d n o fu r e r i n i s b u s i n e ss
. th th
He h th ha d m f l t ; a d I h v b ght
o nou r
’
e o a e n a e ou

G l d n p i n i n s f m l l s r t s f p pl
o e O o ro a o o eo e,

Wh i h w l d b w n
c ou w i th i r n w s t gl ss
e or no n e e e o ,

N t st sid
o ca a s n e so oo .

L dy M b th
a ac e W th h p d r n k
. as e o e u

Wh in y
e re d d y rs l f h th i t s l pt s i n
ou r e ss
’
ou e ? a e ce

A d w k s i
n a ew t l k
t no gr n ,
d p l o oo so ee an a e

At w h t i t d i d
a fr ly F m th i s t i m
so ee ? ro e

S uc hI n t thy l
a cco u A t th f d o ve . r ou a ear

T b t h s m i n th i n
o e e a w e t d v l r e o n ac an a ou

A th
s t i n d si
ou ar W l d s t th
e h v th t
re ? ou ou a e a

W h i h th
c t m t th
ou e s ee rn m n t f l if ’
s e o a e o e,

A d liv
n w rd i th i n
e a co wa st m n e o n e ee ,

L tt i n g I d r t w i t p n I w ld
‘ ’ ‘ ’
e a e no a u o ou ,

L i k th p r t i th d g ’
e e oo ca e a a e

M b thac e . Pr i th p e e, e a ce

Id r da e l l th t m y b
o a m a m ; a e co e a an

Wh o d are s do m ore i s n o n e .

L a dy M a cbeth . W h a t b e a s t was t th e n ’

T h a t m a d e you b r e a k th i s e n t e r p r i s e t o m e
W h e n yo u d u r s t d o i t th e n yo u w e r e a m a n ; ,

A n d t o b e m o r e th a n w h a t yo u w e re yo u w o u l d
, ,

B e so m uc h m or e t h e m an No r t i m e no r pl a ce .

D i d th e n a d h e r e a n d ye t you w o u l d m a k e b o th :
,

T h e y h a ve m a d e th e m s e l ve s a n d th a t th e i r fi t n e ss no w ,

D oe s u n m a k e yo u I h ave g i ve n s u c k a nd k n o w
.
,

H o w t e n d e r t i s t o l o ve t h e b a b e th a t m i l ks m e
’

E
66 M A CE E TH .

I woul d w h i l e
,
s m i l i n g i n m y fa ce
i t was ,

H a ve p l u ck d m y n i ppl e fro m h i s b o n e l e ss
’

gu m s
A n d d a sh d t h e b r a i n s o u t h a d I s o sw o r n
’
as o u
, y
H a ve d o n e t o th i s .

M a cbeth . If we s h o u l d fa i l ?
L a dy M a cbeth . We fa i l .

But s c re w y ou r .

s t i c k i n g pl ac e
c o u a ge r t o th e -

A n d we 11 n o t fa i l W h e n D u n ca n i s a s l e e p
’
.

W h e r e t o t h e r a th e r s h a ll h i s d a y s h a rd j o u r n ey ’

S o u n d ly i n vi t e h i m — h i s t wo c h a m b e r l a i n s
W i ll I w i th w i n e a n d w a ss a i l so c o nvi n ce
T h a t m e m o r y t h e w ard e r o f t h e b r a i n
, ,

S h a ll b e a fu m e a n d t h e r e ce i pt o f r e a s o n
,

A l i m b ec k o n ly : w h e n i n s w i n i s h s l e e p
T h e i r d r e n c h e d n a t u r e s l i e a s i n a d e a th
W h a t c a n n o t yo u a n d I p e rfo r m u p o n
Th e u n gu a rd e d D u n c a n ? w h a t n o t p u t u p o n
H i s s p o n gy O ffi c e r s wh o s h a ll b e a r t h e gu i lt
,
'

Of o u r g r e a t q u e ll
M a cbeth . Br i n g fo r th m e n c h i l d r e n o n ly ; -

F o r thy u n d au n t e d m e ttl e s h ou l d c o m p o s e
N o th i n g b u t m a l e s W i ll i t no t b e r e c e i v d
.
’
,

W h e n we h ave m a rk d w i th b l o o d th o s e s l ee py t wo ’

Of h i s o wn c h a m b e r a n d u s d th e i r ve r y d agge r s ’
,

T h a t th e y h ave d o n e t ? ’

L a dy M a cbeth Wh o d a r e s r ec e i ve i t o th e r,
.

A s we s h a ll m a k e o u r gr i e fs a n d c l a m ou r r o a r
U p o n h i s d e a th ?
M a cbeth . I a m s e ttl e d a n d b e n d u p ,

E a c h c o rp o r a l age n t t o th i s t e rr i b l e fe a t .

A w a y a n d m o c k t h e t i m e w i th fa i r e s t S h o w
,

F a l s e fa c e m u s t h i d e w h a t t h e fa l s e h e a r t d o th k n o w
 M A CB E TH
'

68 .

E n ter M A C B E T H , a nd a S e r va n t w i th a t or ch .

G i ve m e m y sw o rd .

Wh o ’
s th ere ?

M a cbeth . A fr i e n d .

B an W h a t s i r n o t ye t a t r e s t ? T h e k i n g 5
qu o .
, ,

H e h a th bee n i n u n u s u a l pl e a s u r e a n d ,

S e n t fo r th g r e a t l a rge ss t o yo u r O ffi c e s .

T h i s d i a m o n d h e gr e e t s y ou r w i fe w i th a l ,

B y t h e n a m e o f m o s t k i n d h o s t e ss ; a n d s h u t up
In m e a s u r e l e ss c o n t e n t .

M a cbeth . B e i n g u npre p a r d ’
,

O u r w i ll b e c a m e t h e s e r va n t t o d e fe c t ,

W h i c h e l s e s h o u l d fre e h a ve wr o u ght .

A l l s w e ll
’
B a nqu o . .

I d r e a m t l a s t n i ght o f t h e th r e e w e i r d s i s t e rs :
T o y o u th e y h a ve s h o w d s o m e t r u th
’
.

I th i n k no t o f th e m
Y e t w h e n we c a n e n t r e a t a n h o u r t o s e r ve
, ,

We w o u l d s p e n d i t i n s o m e w o rd s u p o n th a t b u s i n e ss ,

If yo u w o u l d g r a n t t h e t i m e .

At y o u r k i nd s t l e i s u re
’
B a n qu o . .

M a cbeth If yo u s h a ll c l e a ve t o m y co n s e n t w h e n t i s,
’
.
,

It s h a ll m a k e h o n o u r fo r y o u .

B a n qu o . So I l os e n o n e
In s e e k i n g t o a ug m e n t i t b u t s t i ll k e e p ,

M y b o s o m fra n c h i s d a n d a ll e g i a n c e c l e a r
’
,

I s h a ll b e c o u n s e l l d
’
.

G oo d r e p o s e t h e w h i l e !
B a nquo T h a n ks s i r t h e l ik e t o you !
.
,

[E x eu nt B a n qu o a n d F l ea n ce .

M a cbeth thy m i t ss w h n m y d i n k i s d y
. Go bid s re ,
e r re a ,

Sh t i k p n t h b ll G t th t b d
e s r e u o e
[ tS v
E x ie . e ee o e . er a nt .

I th i s
s d gg w h i h I
a a b f
er m c see e o re e

T h h n d l t w rd m y h n d — C m
e a e o a l t m l t h th a o e, e e c u c ee .
 ACT ] I . S CE NE I

I h a ve th e e n o t, a n d
ye t I see th ee s t i ll .

A rt th fa t a l vi s i o n s e
o u n o t, e ,
n s i bl
T o fe e l i n g a s t o s i g ht ? o r a r ou b u t t th
"

A d agge r o f t h e m i n d a fa l s e c r e a t i o n , ,

P r o ce e d i n g fro m t h e h e a t o pp r e ss e d b r a i n ? -

I s e e th e e ye t i n fo r m a s p a lp ab l e
,

A s th i s w h i c h n o w I d r a w .

T h ou m a rs h al l s t m e t h e w ay th a t I w a s go i n g ;
’

A n d s u c h a n i n s t r u m e n t I wa s t o u s e
‘

M i n e e y e s a re m a d e t h e fo o l s o t h e o th e r s e n s e s ’
,

O r e l s e w o r th a l l t h e r e s t : I se e th e e s t i ll ;
A n d o n thy b l a d e a n d d u d ge o n go u t s o f b l o o d ,

W h i c h was n o t so b e fo r e — T h e r e s n o s u c h th i n g ’

It i s t h e b l oo d y b u s i n e ss w h i c h i n fo rm s
T h u s t o m i n e e y e s — No w o e r t h e o ne h a l f Wo r l d ’

N a t u r e s e e m s d e a d a n d w i ck e d d re a m s a b u s e
,

T h e c u r t a i n d s l e e p ; w i t c h c r a ft Ce l e b r a t e s
’

P a l e H e c a t e s O ffe r i n gs a n d wi t h e r d m u r th e r
’
,
’

A l ar u m d b y h i s s e n t i n e l t h e w o l f
’
,

W h o s e h o w l s h i s w a t c h th u s w i th h i s s t e a lthy p ac e
’
, ,

W i th T a r qu i n s r a vi s h i n g s t r i d e s t o w a rd s h i s d e s i g n
’
,

M o ve s l i k e a gh o s t — T h o u s u re a n d fi r m s e t e a r th
'

~
.
,

H e a r n o t m y s t e p s w h i c h w ay th e y w a l k fo r fe a r
, ,

T hy ve r y s t o n e s p r a t e o f m y w h e re ab o u t ,

A n d t a k e t h e p r e s e n t h o rro r fro m t h e t i m e ,

W h i c h n o w s u i t s w i th i r — \Vb i l e s I th r e a t h e l i ve s
.

W o rd s t o t h e h e a t O f d e e d s t o o c o o l b r e a th g i ve s .

I go , a nd it
d o n e ; t h e b e ll i n vi t e s m e
is .

H e a r i t n o t D u n c a n fo r i t i s a k n e ll
, ,

T h a t s u m m o n s th e e t o h e a ve n o r t o h e ll .
 0 M A CB E Tff
7
.

SC E N E II . Th e S a me .

E n ter LA D Y M AC B E T H .

L a dy M a cbeth T h a t w h i c h h ath m a d e th e m d r u n k h a th
.

m ad e m e b o l d ;
W h a t h ath q u e n c h d th e m h a th g i ve n m e fi r e — H ar k ! P e a ce !
’

It was t h e o wl th a t sh r i e k d t h e fa t a l b e ll m a n
’
, ,

W h i c h g i ve s t h e st e r n s t goo d n i ght H e i s ab ou t i t :
’
-

Th e d o o r s a r e o p e n a n d t h e s u rfe i t e d gr o o m s
,

D o m oc k th e i r c h a rge w i th s n o r e s ; I h a ve d r ugg d th e i r
p o ss e t s ,

T h a t d e a th a n d n a t u r e d o co n t e n d a b ou t th e m ,

W h e th e r th e y l i ve o r d i e .

M a cbeth [Wi th i n ] . Wh o s th e r e ? w h a t h o ’
,

L a dy M a cbeth A l a c k I a m a fra i d th e y h a ve a wa k d
’
.
, ,

A nd t i s n o t d o n e T h e a tt e m pt a n d n o t t h e d e e d
’
.

C o n fo u n d s u s H a rk ! . I l a i d th e i r d agge rs r e a d V '

H e c o u l d n o t m i ss e m H ad h e n o t re s e m b l e d
’
.

M y fa th e r as h e s l e pt I h a d d o n e t — M y h u s b a n d
’
,
.

E n ter M AC B E T H .

M a cbeth . I h a ve done th e d ee d . D i ds t th ou not h ea r a

n o i se ?
L a dy M a cbeth . I h ea rd t h e o wl s cre am a nd th e c r i ck et s
c ry .

Did not
y ou s p eak ?

M a cbeth . W hen
No w .

As I d e s ce n d e d ?
L a dy M a cbeth . Ay .

Ill a cbcth . H ark !

Wh o l i e s i
’
t h e s ec o n d c h a m be r ?
L a dy M z cbeth . D o n a l ba i n .

Ill acbeth . Th is is a s o rr y s i g ht .

[L oohi ng on h i s h a n ds .
20
 ACT 11 . S CE NE H .
71

L a dy M a cbeth . A foo l i s h th ou g ht t ,
o s ay a s o rr y s i g ht .

M a cbeth T e r e
. h ’
s on e did l au
gh i n
’
s s l ee p ,
an d o ne c ri ed
M ur e r th
T h atth y d i d w k
e a e e ac h th r o e : I s to od and h ea rd th e m
B t th y d i d th i r p r y rs d th
’
e sa e a e a n d a d d re ss em
u
y ,

Ag i n t s l p
a o ee .

L a dy M a cbeth T h e r e a r e t wo l o d g d t oge th e r
.
’
.

M a cbeth O n e c r i e d G o d b l e ss u s ! a n d A m e n t h e o th e r ;
‘ ’ ‘ ’
.

A s th e y h a d s e e n m e w i th th e s e h a n g m a n s h a n d s ,
’

L i s t e n i n g th e i r fe a r I c o u l d n o t s ay A m e n
.

W h e n th e y d i d s ay G o d b l e ss u s !
‘ ’

L a dy M a cbeth C o n s i d e r i t n o t so d e e ply
. .

l il a cbeth B u t w h e r e fo r e c o u l d no t I p r on o u n ce A m e n ?
’
.

I h a d m o s t n ee d o f b l e ss i n g a n d A m e n
’
,

S t u c k i n m y th r oa t .

L a dy M a cbeth . T h e s e d e e d s m u s t no t b e th ought
A ft e r th e s e w a y s ; so i t w i ll m a k e u s m a d
, .

M a cbeth M e th o u g ht I h e ar d a vo i ce c ry S l e e p n o m o r e
.

M ac b e th d o e s m u r th e r s l e e p —t h e i n n o ce n t s l e e p ,

S l e e p th a t k n i t s u p t h e ra ve l l d s l e ave o f c a r e
’

Th e d e a th o f e a c h d a y s l i fe s o r e l ab o u r s b a th
’ ’
, ,

B a l m o f h u r t m i n d s gr e a t n a t u r e s s e co n d co u rs e
,
’

C h i e f n o u r i s h e r i n l i fe s fe a s t
’
,

W h a t d o you m e a n
M a cbet h S t i ll i t c r i e d S l e e p n o m o r e ! t o a l l t h e h o u s e
.
’

G l a m i s h a th m u r t h e r d s l ee p a n d th e r e fo r e C a wd o r
’
,

S h a ll s l e e p n o m o r e ; M a c b e th s h a ll s l e e p n o m o r e .

L a dy M a cbet h Wh o was i t th a t th u s c r i e d ?
. W hy w or t hy ,

th a n e ,

Y o u d o u n b e n d y o u r n o b l e s t r e n gth t o th i n k ,

So b r a i n s i c k ly o f th i n gs G O ge t s o m e w a t e r
.
,

A n d w a s h th i s fi lthy w i t n e ss fr o m y o u r h a n d .

W hy d i d you b r i n g th e s e d agge rs fro m t h e pl ace ?

T h e y m u s t l i e th e r e : go c a rr y th e m a nd sm e a r ,

Th e s l e e py gr oo m s w i th b l oo d .
 M A CE E TH
72 .

I 11 g o
’
no m ore
I a m a fr a id to th i n k w h t I h a a ve don e ;
Loo k t ag a i n I d ar e
’
on no t .

L a dy M a cbeth . In fi r m of p p ur o es !
G i ve m e t h e d agge rs t h e s l e e p i n g a nd t h e d ea d
Are b u t a s p i c t u r e s ; t i s t h e e y e o f c h i l d h o o d
’

T h a t fe ar s a p a i n t e d d evi l If h e d o b l e e d .
,

I l l g i l d t h e fa c e s o f t h e g r oo m s w i th a l ;
’

Fo r i t m u s t s ee m th e i r gu i lt [E x i t Krz och zng w i th i n

'

. .

M a cbeth . W h e n c e i s th a t k n o c k i n g ?
H o w i s t w i th m e w h e n e ve r y n o i s e a pp a l s m e ?
’
,

W h a t h a n d s a re h e r e ? H a ! th e y pl uc k o u t m i n e e y e s .

W i ll al l g re a t N e pt u n e s o ce a n w a s h th i s b l oo d ’

Cl ea n fro m m y h a n d ? No ; th i s m y h a n d w i ll r a th e r
T h e m u lt i t u d i n o u s s e a s i n c a rn ad i n e ,

M a k i n g t h e gr ee n o n e r e d .

Re -

en ter L A DY M A C B E T H .

L a dy M a cbeth h nds fy. r l My

; a a re o ou co o ur b ut I s h am e
T w o h r t w h i t [K h i g w i th i ] I h
e ar a ea so e .
'

u oc n n e ar a k n ock i n g
At th s e th n t y r t i w t
ou e h mb r
r : e re e o ou r c a e

A l i ttl w t r l rs
e a e f th i s d d
c ea us o ee

H w o s y i s i t th n
ea Y r n st n y
,
e ou co a c

H th l ft y n tt n d d [K / g w i th i ] H a rk m ore
'

a e ou u a e e . rzoc ez n n !
k n ock i n g .

G e t o n y o u r n i ght go wn l e s t o cc a s i o n c a ll u s ,

An d s h o w u s t o b e w a t c h e r s ; B e no t l o s t
S o p o o r ly i n y ou r th o u g ht s .

M a cbeth T o k n o w m y d e e d t w e r e b e s t n o t k n o w m y s e l f
’
.
, .

K
[ u och i ng w i th i n .

W ak e D u n c a n w i th thy k n o c k i n g ! I w ou l d th o u co u l d s t !
[
E xeu n t
 A C T I] S CENE [I]
.
73
.

SC ENE III . Th e S a me .

E n ter a P o r t er . Knach i ng w i th i n .

P or ter . k n o ck i n g i n d e e d ! If a m a n w e r e p o r t e r
H e re ’
s a

o f h e ll ga t e h e s h o u l d h a ve o l d t u r n i n g t h e k e y K
-

, [ n och i ng .

w i th i n ] K n oc k k n o ck k n oc k ! W h o s th e re i t h e n a m e
, ,
’
,
’

o f B e e l z eb u b ? H e r e s a fa rm e r th a t h a n ge d h im s e l f o n t h
’ ’

e x p e c t a t i o n o f pl e n ty : co m e i n t i m e ; h a ve n apk i n s e n o w
ab o u t h e a t fo r t K
[ nochi ng w i th i n
]
’
l l
’

y ou ; e r e y o u s w .

K n oc k k n oc k ! Wh o s th e r e i n th o th e r d e vi l s n a m e
,
’
,
’ ’

F a i th h e r e s a n e q u i voc a t o r th a t co u l d s w e a r i n bo th t h e
’
, ,

s c al e s aga i n s t e i th e r s c a l e ; wh o c o m m i tt e d t r e a s o n e n o ug h
fo r G o d s s a k e ye t co u l d n o t e qu i vo c a t e t o h e a ve n O c o m e
’
, ,

i n e q u i vo ca t o r
, [Knach i ng w i th i n ] K n o c k kn oc k k n oc k !
.
, ,

W h o s th e r e ? F a i th h e re s a n E n g l i s h t a i l o r co m e h i th e r
’
,
’
,

fo r s t e a l i n g o u t o f a F r e n c h h o s e : c o m e i n t a i l o r ; h e r e y o u ,

m ay r o a s t y o u r go o s e [Knochi ng w i th i n ] K n oc k k n oc k ;
.
,

n e ve r a t q u i e t ! W h a t a r e yo u ? B u t th i s pl a ce i s t o o c o l d
fo r h e ll I l l d e vi l p o r t e r i t n o fu r th e r : I h a d th o ught t o
’
-
.

h ave l e t i n s o m e o f a l l p r o fe ss i o n s th a t go t h e p r i m ro s e way ,

t o t h e e ve r l a s t i n g b o nfir e — [ Knochi ng w i th i n ] A n o n a n o n ,

I p r ay yo u r e m e m b e r t h e p o r t e r
, [Opens th e g a te . .

E n ter M AC D UFF a nd L E N N OX .

M a ca nfi f ’
Wa s i t so l t a e, fr i e n d , e re
yo u wen t to b e d ,
Th a t yo u do l ie so l t
a e ?

P or ter . Fa i th ,
s i r, we we re c a ou r s i ng t i ll th e se c
o nd
c oc k .

M a ca ufi f Is
’
thy m s t a e r s t i rr i n g ?

E n ter M A C B E T H .

O ur k n o ck i n g h a s awa k d
’
him h e e r he co m es .

L e nnox , G ood m o rrow ,

n bl i
o e s r .

G ood m o rr o w ,
bo th .
 M A CB E TH
74

M a c/i nf : Is t h e k i n g s irr i n g, w o r t thy th a ne ?

M a cbeth . No t ye t .

M a ca zcfi H e d i d c o m m a n d m e t o
’
ca ll t i m ly e on him :

I h a ve a l m st o sl i pp d t h e
’
h ou r .

M a cbeth I 1 1 b r i n g you t o h i m
’
. .

M a ch aj i I k n o w
’
th i s i s a j y lt
o fu r o u b e t o yo u ; l
B u t ye t t i s o n e
’
.

M a cbeth T h e . l ab o u r we d e l i g ht in phy s i s p c ai n .

Th i s i s the d oo r .

I 11
’
m ak e so bo ld t o ca ll ,

Fo r t i s
’
m y l i m i t e d s e r vi c e .

L enn ox G o e s t h e k i n g h e n c e
. to d ay ?
M a cbeth . He d oe s : he d id a pp o i nt so .

L enn ox n i ght h a s b e e n u n ru ly ; w h e r e we l ay
. Th e ,

O ur c h i m n e y s w e r e b l o wn d o w n a n d as th e y s ay , , ,

L a m e n t i n g s h e a rd i t h e a i r s t r a n ge s c r e a m s o f d e a th
’
, ,

A n d p r o ph e s y i n g w i th a c c e n t s t e rr i b l e
O f d i re c o m b u s t i o n a n d c o nfu s d e ve n t s
’

Ne w h a tc h d t o t h e w o e fu l t i m e ; t h e ob s c u r e b i rd
’

C l a m o u r d t h e l i ve l o n g n i g ht ; s o m e s a y t h e e a r th
’

Wa s fe ve r o u s a n d d i d s h ak e .

M a cbeth T was a r ough n i ght

’
. .

L ennox M y y o u n g r e m e m b r a n c e c a n n o t p a r a ll e l
.

A fe ll ow to i t .

R e—
en ter M A C D U F F .

M a ch aj i O’
h o rr o r ,
h o rr o r h , o rr o r ! T o n gu e n or h ea rt
C a n not co n c e i ve n or n am e th ee !
M a cbeth
W h at s ’
th e m a tt e r ?
.

L ennox .

h th m d h i s m s t r p i
M a cd uf f C o n fu s i o n no w a a e a e e ce .

M s t s r i l g i s m r th r h th b k
o ac
p e ou u e a ro e o e

T h L d s n i n t d t m pl d s t l th n
’
e or a o e e e , an o e e ce

Th l i f th b i l d i n g
’
e e 0 e u .

M b th ac e Wh t i t y
.
y t h l if a s
’
o u sa ? e e
 M A CB E TH
76

Al l i s b u t t oy s r e n o w n a n d g race i s d e a d ;
Th e w i n e o f l i fe i s d r a wn a n d t h e m e r e l e e s ,

Is l e ft th i s vau lt t o b r ag o f .

E nter M A L C O L M a nd D O NA LB A IN .

D on a l ba i n . W h a t i s a m i ss ?
’
M a cbeth . Y ou a re , a n d do not k n ow t

The s p r i ng ,
th e h
fo u nt a i n o f y o u r b l o o d
ea d ,
th e
Is s t o pp d — t h e ve r y s o u r c e o f i t i s s t o pp d
’ ’
.
,

M a cd uyj f Y o u r r o y a l fa th e r s m u rt h e r d
’ ’ ’
_ .

M a l col m . O by w h o m ,

L enn ax T h o s e o f h i s c h a m b e r as i t s e e m d h a d d o n e t
’ ’
.
.
, ,

T h e i r h a n d s a n d fa ce s w e re a l l b a d g d w i th b l o o d ; ’

S o w e r e th e i r d a gge r s w h i c h u n wi p d we fo u n d
’
,

U p o n th e i r p i ll o ws :
T h e y s t a r d a n d w e re d i s t r a c t e d ; no m a n s l i fe
’

,
’

IVa s t o b e t r u s t e d w i th th e m
'
.

M a cbeth 0 ye t I d o r e p e n t m e o f m y fu r y
.
, ,

T h a t I d i d k i l l th e m .

W h e r e fo r e d i d yo u so ?
bl a cbeth Wh o c a n b e w i s e a m a z d t e m p e r a t e a nd
’
, ,
.

ri on s ,

L oy a l a n d n e u t r a l i n a m o m e n t ? No m an
,
:

T h e e x p e d i t i o n o f m y vi o l e n t l o ve
O u t ru n t h e p a u s e r r e a s o n H e r e l ay D u n c a n .
,

H i s s i l ve r sk i n l a c d w i th h i s go l d e n b l o o d
’

A n d h i s g a s h d s t a b s l o o k d l ik e a b r e a c h i n n a t u re
’ ’

Fo r r u i n s w a s t e fu l e n t r a n c e ; th e r e t h e m u r th e r e r s
’

, ,

S t e e p d i n t h e c o l o u r s o f th e i r t r a d e th e i r d agge r s
’

U n m a n n e r ly b re e c h d w i th g o r e : wh o co u l d r e fr a i n
’

T h a t h ad a h e a r t t o l o ve a n d i n th a t h e a r t ,

C o u r age t o m a k e s l o ve k n o w n ?
’

L a dy M a cbeth H e lp m e h e n ce h o !
.
,

M a cd uj f
Look t o t h e l a d y
. .
 ACT 1 1 . S CE NE [I] .

77

M a l col m .

[Asi de t o D ona l ba i n ] .
W hy d o we h ld
o our

t n gu e s
o ,

Th at m o s t m ay c l a i m th i s rgu m e n t fo r o u rs ?
a

D on a l ba i n .
[A si de to M a l col m] W h a t s h o u l d b e s p o k e n
h r
e e, w h e re o ur fa t e ,

H id i n an au er
g
-

h l o e, m ay rus h , a nd seiz e us ?
Le t
’
s a w ay ;
Ou r t e a rs a r e n o t
y e t b re w d
’
.

M a l col m .
[A s i d e to D ona l ba i n ] No r our s t r o n g s o rr o w
Up o n th e foo t of m ot i on .

B a n qu o . L oo k t o t h e l dya

a dy M a cbet h i s
[
L ca r r i ed

An d whe n we h
n ak e d fr a i lt i e s h i d
a ve ou r ,

T h a t su ffe r i n exp o s u re l e t u s m e e t , ,

A n d q u e s t i o n th i s m o s t b l oo d y p i e c e o f w o rk ,

T o k n o w i t fu r th e r Fe a rs a n d s c r u pl e s s h a k e
. us

In t h e gr e a t h a n d o f G o d I s t a n d a n d th e n ce ,

Ag a i n s t t h e u n d i vu l g d p r e t e n c e I fi g ht
’

O f t r ea s o n o u s m a l i c e .

An d so do I .

So al l .

M a cbeth . Le t
’
s yp
b ri e fl u t on m a n ly r e a d i n e ss ,
An d m eet i th e
’
h ll t g th
a o e e r .

W e ll co n ten ted .

[E xeu nt al l bu t M a l col m a n d D ona l ba i n .

M a l col m W . h t w i ll
a
yo u do ? Le t
’
s n o t co n s o r t w i th th e m
To s h o w an u e n f lt s r
o r o w i s a n o ffi c e

W h i c h t h e fa l s e m a n d o e s e a s y I 11 t o E n gl a n d .
’
.

D on a l ba i n T o Ir e l a n d I o u r s e p a r a t e d fo r t u n
. e ,

S h a l l k e e p u s b o th t h e s a fe r w h e r e we ar e ,

T h e r e s d agge rs i n m e n s s m i l e s : t h e n ea r i n b l o od
’ ’
,

T h e n e a r e r b l oo d y .

M a l col m . T h i s m u r t h e r o u s s h a ft th a t 5 s h o t ’

H a th no t ye t l i ght e d a n d o u r s a fe s t way ,

Is t o avo i d t h e a i m T h e r e fo r e t o h o rs e ; .
,
 M A CB E TH
78 .

And l e t u s no t d a i n ty o f l e a ve t a k i n g
be -

B u t s h i ft a w a y th e r e s w a rr a n t i n th a t th e ft
’

W h i c h s t e a l s i t s e l f w h e n th e r e s no m e r cy l e ft ’
.
[E x ezcnt

SC E N E IV . Wi th ou t th e Ca stl e .

E n ter R o ss a nd a n o l d M an .

Ol d M a n T h r e e s c o r e a nd t e n I c a n r e m e m b e r w e ll
.

W i th i n t h e vo l u m e o f w h i c h t i m e I h ave s e e n
H o u r s d re a d fu l a n d th i n g s s t r a n ge b u t th i s s o r e n i ght
H a th t ri fl e d fo r m e r k n o w i n g s .

R oss . A h goo d fa th e r , ,

T h ou s ee s t t h e h e ave n s a s t r o ub l e d w i th m a n s a c t
, ,
’
,

T h r e a t e n h i s b l oo d y s t age by t h e c l oc k t i s d ay ’
,

A n d ye t d a r k n i gh t s t r a n gl e s t h e t r a ve ll i n g l a m p .

Is t n i g ht s p r e d o m i n a n ce o r t h e d a y s s h a m e
’ ’ ’
, ,

T h a t d a rk n e s s d o e s t h e fac e o f e a r th e n t o m b ,

W h e n l i vi n g l i ght s h o u l d k i ss i t ?
Ol d M an T i s u n n a t u ra l
’
.
,

Eve n l i k e t h e d e e d th a t s d o n e O n T u e sd a v l a s t
’
,
.

A fa l co n t o w e ri n g i n h e r p r i d e o f pl ac e
, ,

Was by a m o u s i n g o wl h a wk d a t a n d k i l l d ’ ’
.

R oss A n d D u n c a n s h o r s e s a th i n g m o s t s t r a n e
’
.
g
c e r t ai n

B e a u t eo u s a n d sw i ft t h e m i n i o n s o f th e i r r ace
, ,

T u r n d w i l d i n n a t u r e b r o k e th e i r s t a ll s fl u n g o u t
’
, , ,

C o n t e n d i n g g a i n s t o b e d i e n c e a s th e y w o u l d m a k e
’
,

Wa r w i th m a n k i n d .

Ol d M a n T i s s a i d th e y e a t e a c h o th e r
’
. .

R oss T h e y d id so t o t h e a m a z e m e n t o f m i n e e y e s
.
,

T h a t l oo k d u p o n t H e r e c o m e s t h e go od M a c d u ff
’
. .

E nter M A C D UFF .

H o w go e s t h e wor l d , si r, n o w ?

Wh y , se e y o u no t ?
 A C T I] . S CE NE IV
79

R oss .
’
k n o w n wh o d i d th i s m o r e th a n b l oo d y d e e d ?
Is t
M a cd uf f T h o s e th a t M a cb e th h a th s l a i n
. .

R oss . A l a s t h e d ay ! ,

W h a t goo d c ou l d th y p r t e n d
e e ?

T h ey w e r e s u bo r n d
M a l co l m a n d D o n a l b ai n t h e k i n g s t wo s o n s
’

, ,

A r e s t o l e n a w a y a n d fl e d w h i c h p u t s u p o n th e m
,

S u s p i ci o n o f t h e d ee d .

G a i n s t n at u r e s t i ll :
’
R oss .

T h r i ftl e ss a m b i t i o n th a t w i lt r a vi n u p
,

T h i n e o wn l i fe s m e a n s ! T h e n t i s m o s t l i k e
’ ’

T h e s o ve r e i g n ty w i ll fa ll u p o n M acb e th .

M a cd i cfi i H e i s a l r e a d y n am d a n d go n e t o S co n e
’

T o b e i n ve s t e d .

R oss . W h e re i s D u n c a n s b od y ’

M a cd nfi C a rr i e d t o C o l m e k i ll -

Th e s a c r e d s t o re h o u s e o f h i s p r e d e c e ss o rs
A n d gu a r d i a n o f th e i r b o n e s .

R oss . W i ll you t o Sco n e

M a cd nfi No c o u s i n I 11 t o Fi fe
, ,
’
.

R oss . W e ll I w i ll th i th e r , .

M a cd uf f W e ll m ay yo u se e th i n gs w e ll d o n e th e r e a d i e u
,

L e s t o u r o l d r ob e s s i t e a s i e r th a n ou r n e w !
R os s F a r e w e ll fa th e r
. . .

Ol d M a n G o d s b e n i s o n go w i th yo u a nd w i th th o s e
.
,

T h a t w o u l d m a k e goo d o f b ad , an d fr i e n d s o f fo e s !
 F O RR ES .

A C T III .

SC E N E I . F or r es . A R oom i n th e
E n ter BA N Q U O .

B a nqu o .
T h ou h a s t i t n o w —k i n g C a wd o r G l a m i s
, , , ,

As t h e w e i r d w o m e n p r o m i s d a n d I fe a r
’
,

T h o u pl ay d s t m o s t fo u lly fo r t Y e t i t was s a i d
’ ’
.

It s h o u l d n o t s t a n d i n thy p o s t e r i ty ,

B u t th a t m y s e l f s h o u l d b e t h e r o o t a n d fa th e r
O f m a n y k i n gs . If th e r e c o m e t ru th fro m th e m
A s u p o n th ee M ac b e th th e i r s p e e c h e s s h i n e
, ,

W hy b y t h e ve r i t i e s o n th e e m a d e go o d
, ,

M ay th e y n o t b e m y o r ac l e s a s w e ll
A n d s e t m e u p i n h o p e ? B u t h u s h ! n o m o re .
 A C T [I] . S CE NE I .
81

S ennet s ou nd ed . E n ter M A C B E T H, as h i ng ; LA DY M A C B E T H,

as queen L E NNo x , R o ss , L o r d s , L a d i e s , a nd A tt e n d an ts .

M a cbeth H e r e .
’
s ou r c hi e f gu e s t .

L ady M a cbeth . If h e h a d b e e n fo rgo tt e n ,

It h a d b e e n as a a
g p in ou r gr e a t fe a s t ,
And al l th
— in
g n b eco m i ngu .

M a cbeth T o n i ght we h o l d a s o l e m n s u pp e r s i r
.
-

, ,

A n d I l l r e q ue s t y o u r p r e s e n ce
’
.

B a nqu o . L e t y o u r h i gh n e ss
C o m m a n d u p o n m e to t h e w h i c h m y d u t i e s
,

A r e w i th a m o s t i n d i ss o l u b l e t i e
Fo r e ve r k n i t .

M a cbeth . R i d e yo u th i s a ft e r n oo n ?
B a nqu o Ay m y goo d l o r d
.
, .

M a cbeth We s h o u l d h a ve e l s e d e s i r d y o u r go o d a d vi ce
’
.
,

W h i c h s t i ll h a th b e e n b o th gr ave a n d p r o s p e r o us ,

In th i s d ay s c o u n c i l ; b u t we 1 1 t a k e t o m o r r o w
’ ’
-

Is t fa r you r id e ?
’

B a nqu o A s fa r m y l o rd a s w i ll fi ll u p t h e t i m e
.
, ,

’
Tw i x t th i s a nd s u pp e r : go n o t m y h o rs e t h e b e tt e r ,

I m u s t b e c o m e a b o rr o w e r o f t h e n i ght
Fo r a d a rk h ou r o r t wa i n .

M a cbeth . F a i l n o t o u r fe a s t .

B a nqu o M y l o rd I w i ll n o t
.
,
.

M a cbeth We h e a r o u r b l o o d y c ou s i n s are b e s t o w d
.

In E n gl a n d a n d i n Ir e l a n d n o t c o n fe ss i n g ,

T h e i r c r u e l p a rr i c i d e fi ll i n g th e i r h e a r e rs
,

W i th s t r a n ge i n ve n t i o n b u t o f th a t t o m o rr o w ,

W h e n th e r e w i th a l we s h a ll h a ve c a u s e o f s t a t e
C r a vi n g u s j o i n tly H i e y o u t o h o rs e : a d i e u
.
,

T i ll y o u r e t u r n a t ni ght G o e s Fl e a nc e w i th yo u ? .

B a nqu o Ay m y go o d l o r d : o u r t i m e d oe s c a l l u p o n 3
.
, .

M a cbeth I w i s h y o u r h o rs e s sw i ft a n d s u r e o f foo t ;
.

A nd s o I d o c o m m e n d yo u t o th e i r b a c ks .

F
.
82 M A CB E TH

F a re we l l .
[
E x i t B a nqu o
.

Let e ve r y m a n be m a s t e r o f h i s t i m e
T i ll s e ve n a t n i g ht T o m ak e s oc i e ty.

T h e sw e e t e r w e l co m e we w i ll k e e p o u rs e l f ,

T i ll s u pp e r t i m e a l o n e : w h i l e th e n G o d b e w i th
-

yo u ! ,

x eu nt a l l bu t M a cbeth a nd a n A tte nd a n t
[
E .

S i rr a h,
aw o rd w i th yo u a tt e n d th o s e m e n
pl
Our e a s u r e ?
A t ten d a nt T h e y are m y l o rd w i th ou t t h e p a l a ce ga t e
.
, ,
.

M a cbeth Bri n g th e m b e fo re u s
.
[E x i t A t t en d a n t . .

T o b e th u s i s n o th i n g ;
B u t t o b e s a fe ly th u s O u r fe a rs i n B a n qu o
.

S t i c k d e e p ; a n d i n h i s r oy a lty o f n a t u re
R e i g n s th a t w h i c h w o u l d b e fe a r d t i s m u c h h e d ar e s
’ ’
,

A n d t o th a t d a u n tl e ss t e m p e r o f h i s m i n d
, ,

H e h a th a w isd o m th a t d o th gu id e h i s va l o u r
T o a c t i n s a fe ty T h ere i s n on e b u t h e
.

W h o s e b e i n g I d o fe a r : a n d u n d e r h i m
M y G e n i u s i s re b u k d a s i t i s s a i d ’
,

M a r k A n t o n y s wa s b y C ae s ar H e c h i d t h e s i s t e rs
’
.
,

W h e n fi rs t th e y pu t t h e n a m e o f k i n g u p o n m e ,

A n d b a d e th e m s p e a k t o h i m th e n p ro ph e t l i k e -

T h e y h a i l d h i m fa th e r t o a l i n e o f k i n gs
’
.

U p o n m y h e a d th e y p l ac d a fr u i tl e ss c r o wn
’
,

A n d pu t a b a r re n s ce pt re i n m y gr i p e ,

T h e n c e t o b e wre nc h d w i th a n u n l i n ea l h a n d
’

No so n o f m i n e s u cc e e d i n g If t b e so .
’

F o r B a n q u o 5 i ss u e h a ve I h l d m y m i n d ;
’

Fo r th e m t h e gr ac i o u s Du n c a n h a ve I m u rt h e r d ;
’

P u t r a n c o u r s i n t h e ve ss e l o f m y p e ace
O n ly fo r th e m ; a nd m i n e e t e r n a l j e w e l
G i ve n t o t h e c o m m o n e n e m y o f m a n ,

T o m a k e th e m k i n gs t h e s e e d o f B a n q u o k i n g s !
,

R a th e r th a n s o c o m e fa t e i n t o t h e l i s t
, , , ,

A n d c h a m p i o n m e t o t h e u tt e r a n ce I — Wh o s th e r e ? ’
 F OR R ES .

A C T III .

SC E N E I . F or r es . A R oom i n th e
E nter B A NQ U o .

B a nqu o . T h o u h a s t i t n o w — k i n g C a wd o r G l a m i s
, , , ,

As t h e w e i r d w o m e n p r o m i s d a n d I fe a r
’
,

T h o u pl ay d s t m o s t fo u lly fo r t Y e t i t wa s s a i d
’ ’
.

It s h o u l d n o t s t a n d i n thy p o s t e r i ty ,

B u t th a t m y s e l f s h o u l d b e t h e r oo t a n d fa th e r
Of m a n y k i n gs If th e r e c o m e t ru th fro m th e m
.

A s u p o n th ee M ac b e th th e i r s p e e c h e s s h i n e
, ,

W hy b y t h e ve r i t i e s o n th e e m a d e goo d
, ,

M ay th e y n o t b e m y o r a c l e s a s w e ll
A n d s e t m e u p i n h o p e ? B u t h u s h ! n o m o re .
 A C T [I] . S CE NE l .
81

S ennet sou nd ed . E nt er M A C B E T H, as hi ng , LA DY M A C B E T H,

as q u een L E N N O X , R o ss , L o rd s , L a d i e s , a nd A tt e n d an ts .

M a cbeth H e r e .
’
s ou r c hi e f gu e s t .

L a dy M a cbeth . If h e h a d b ee n fo rgo tt e n ,
It h a d b ee n ga p i n o u r gr e a fe a s ,
as a t t
A n d a ll th
i ng u n b ecom i ng
-

M a cbeth T o n i g we o d a s o e m n s u
.
-

ht h l l pp e r ,
s i r,

A n d I 11
’
r e q ue s t y ou r pr e e s n ce .

B a nqu o . Le t y our h i gh n e ss
Com mand u p
n m e t o th e w h i c h m y d u t i e s
o ,

A r e w i th a m o s t i n d i ss o l u b l e t i e
Fo r e ve r k n i t .

M a cbeth R i d e yo u th i s a ft e r n o o n ?
.

B a nqu o Ay m y goo d l o rd
.
,
.

M a cbeth We s h o u l d h a ve e l s e d e s i r d y o u r goo d a d vi c e
.
’

W h i c h s t i ll h a th b e e n b o th gr ave a nd p ro s p e r o us ,

In th i s d ay s c o u n c i l b u t we 11 t a k e t o m o rr o w
’ ’
-

Is t fa r you r i d e ?
’

B a nqu o A s fa r m y l o rd as w i ll fi ll u p t h e t i m e
.
, ,

Iwi x t th i s a nd s u pp e r : go n o t m y h o rs e t h e b e tt e r
” ‘

I m u s t b e co m e a b o rr o we r o f t h e n i g ht
Fo r a d a rk h o u r o r t wa i n .

M a cbeth . F a i l n o t ou r fea s t .

B a nquo M y l o rd I w i ll n o t
.
,
.

M a cbeth We h e a r o u r b l oo d y c o u s i n s a re b e st o w d
’
.

In E n gl a n d a n d i n Ir e l a n d n o t c o n fe ss i n g ,

T h e i r c r u e l p a rr i c i d e fi ll i n g th e i r h e a r e rs ,

W i th s t r a n ge i n ve n t i o n b u t o f th a t t o m o rr o w -

W h e n th e r e w i th a l we s h a ll h ave c au s e o f s t a t e
C r a vi n g u s j o i n tly H i e y o u t o h o rs e : a d i e u
.
,

T i l l y o u r e t u r n a t n i ght G oe s Fl e a nc e w i th yo u ? .

B a nqu o Ay m y g oo d l o r d : o u r t i m e d o e s c a ll u p o n 3
“

,
. .

M a cbeth I w i s h y o u r h o rs e s sw i ft a n d s u r e o f fo o t ;
.

A nd so I d o c o m m e n d you t o th e i r b a c ks .

F
82 M A CB E TH .

F ar e we l l .
[
E x i t B a n qu o
.

Let e ve r y m a n be m a s t e r o f h i s t i m e
T i ll s e ve n a t n i g ht T o m ak e s oc i e ty
“

T h e sw e e t e r w e l co m e we w i ll k e e p o u rs e l f ,

T i ll s u pp e r t i m e a l o n e : w h i l e th e n G o d b e w i th
-

y ,
ou !
eu nt a l l bu t M a cbeth a nd a n A ttend a n t
[
E x .

S i rra h,
aw o r d w i th yo u a tt e n d th o s e m e n
O ur pl
e a s ure ?

A tten d a n t T h e y a r e m y l o rd w i th ou t t h e p a l a ce g a t e
.
, ,
.

M a cbeth B r i n g th e m b e fo r e u s
.
[E x i t A t ten d a n t . .

T o b e th u s i s n o th i n g ;
B u t t o b e s a fe ly th u s O u r fe a rs i n B a n qu o
.

S t i c k d ee p ; a n d i n h i s r oy a lty o f n a t u re
R e i gn s th a t w h i c h w o u l d b e fe a r d t i s m uc h h e d are s
’ ’
,

A n d t o th a t d a u n tl e ss t e m p e r o f h i s m i n d
, ,

H e h a th a w i sd o m th a t d o th gu i d e h i s va l ou r
T o a c t i n s a fe ty T h e re i s n on e b u t h e
.

W h o s e b e i n g I d o fe a r : a n d u n d e r h i m
M y G e n i u s i s reb u k d a s i t i s s a i d ’
,

M a r k A n t o n y s w a s b y C ae s a r H e c h i d t h e s i s t e rs
’
.
,

W h e n fi rs t th e y pu t t h e n a m e o f k i n g u p o n m e ,

A n d b a d e th e m s p e a k t o h i m th e n p r o ph e t l i k e -

T h e y h a i l d h i m fa th e r t o a l i n e o f k i n gs
’
.

U p o n m y h e a d th e y p l ac d a fr u i tl e s s c ro wn ’

A n d p u t a b a r re n s c e pt r e i n m y gr i p e ,

T h e n c e t o b e w re n c h d w i th a n u n l i n e a l h a n d’

No s o n o f m i n e s u cce e d i n g If t b e so .
’
,

Fo r B a n qu o 5 i ss u e h a ve I h l d m y m i n d ;
’

Fo r th e m t h e gr a c i o u s Du n c a n h a ve I m u rt h e r d ;
’

P u t r a n co u r s i n t h e ve ss e l o f m y p e a ce
O n ly fo r th e m ; a nd m i n e e t e r n a l j e w e l
G i ve n t o t h e c o m m o n e n e m y o f m a n ,

T o m a k e th e m k i n gs t h e s ee d o f B a n q u o k i n g s !
,

R a th e r th a n s o c o m e fa t e i n t o t h e l i s t
, , , ,

A n d c h a m p i o n m e t o t h e u tt e r a n c e Wh o s th e r e ? ’
-
 A C T [1 1 . S CE NE 1 .
83

R e en ter A
-

tt e n dan t ,
w i th t wo M u rd e r e rs .

No w go to t h e d oo r ,
and s t ay th e e r t i ll we ll ca .

x i t A tten d a n t
[
E .

Wa s it no t y ste e rd ay we s p ok e t o ge thr! e

F i r st M u r d er er . It was, so pl ea e s you r h i gh n e ss .

M a cbeth . W e ll th e n no w ,

H a ve yo u c o n s i d e r d o f m y s p ee c h e s ? K n o w
’

T h a t i t was h e i n t h e t i m e s p a s t w h i ch h e l d yo u
'

So u n d e r fo r t u n e w h i c h yo u th o ught h ad b ee n
,

O u r i n n oc e n t s e l f T h i s I m a d e go o d to yo u
.

In ou r l a s t c o n fe re n ce p as s d i n p r ob a t i o n w i th you
’
, ,

H o w yo u w e r e b o rn e i n h a n d h o w c ross d t h e i n s t r u m e n t s
’
, ,

Wh o w r o ught w i th th e m a n d al l th i ngs e l s e th a t m i ght ,

T o h a l f a s ou l a n d t o a n o t i o n c r a z d
’

S ay T h u s d i d B a n qu o
’
.

Fi r s t M u r d er er Y o u m a d e i t k n o w n to u s
. .

M a cbeth I d i d so a n d w e n t fu r th e r w h i c h i s n o w
.
, ,

O u r p o i n t o f s eco nd m e e t i n g D o yo u fi n d .

Yo u r p a t i e n c e so p r e d o m i n a n t i n y ou r n a t u r e
T h a t yo u c a n l e t th i s go ? Ar e yo u so go sp e l l d ’

To p r a y fo r th i s go od m an a nd fo r h i s i ss u e ,

W h o s e h e avy h a n d h a th b o w d you t o t h e g r a ve ’

A n d b e gga r d y o u rs fo r e ve r ?
’

Fi r s t M u r d er er . We are m e n m y l i e ge , .

M a cbeth . Ay, i n th e c a a ogu e t l y e go fo r m e n,

As h ou n d s a nd gr eyh o u n d s m o n gre l s s p a n i e l s c urs , , , ,

S h o u g h s w a t e r r ugs a nd d e m i w o l ve s a re c l e p t
,
-

,
-

A l l b y t h e n a m e o f d ogs : t h e va l u e d fil e
D i s t i n gu i s h e s t h e sw i ft t h e s l o w t h e s u b tl e
, , ,

T h e h o u s e k e e p e r t h e h u n t e r e ve r y o ne
, ,

Acc o rd i n g t o t h e g i ft w h i c h b o u n t e o u s n a t u r e
H a th i n h i m cl os d ; w h e r e b y h e d o e s r ec e i ve
’

P a r t i cu l a r a dd i t i o n fro m t h e b i ll
,

T h a t wr i t e s th e m al l a l i k e : a nd so of m e n .
84 M A CE E TH .

No w i f yo u h ave a s t a t i o n i n t h e fi l e ,

Not i t h e w o rs t r a n k o f m a n h o o d s ay t
’
,
’

A n d I w i ll p u t th a t b u s i n e ss i n y o u r b o s o m s ,

W h o s e e x e c u t i o n t ak e s y o u r e n e m y o ff
‘

G ra ppl e s yo u t o t h e h e a r t a nd l o ve o f u s ,

W h o w e ar o u r h e a lth b u t s i ck ly i n h i s l i fe ,

W h i c h i n h i s d e a th w e r e p e rfe c t .

S econ d bl ur d er er . I am o ne, m y l i ege ,

W h o m t h e vi l e b l o ws a n d b u ffe t s o f t h e wo r l d
H ave s o i nce n s d th a t I am r e ck l e ss w h a t
’

I d o t o S p i t e t h e w or l d .

Fi r st M u r d er er . A n d I a n o th e r
So w e a r y w i th d i s a s t e rs t u gg d w i th fo r t u n e
’
, ,

T h a t I w o ul d s e t m y l i fe o n a ny c h a n c e ,

T o m e n d i t or b e r i d o n t
’
.

M a cbeth . B o th o f you
Kn o w B a n q u o wa s y ou r e n e m y .

B oth M u r der er s . Tr u e m y l o rd ,
.

M a cbeth S o i s h e m i n e a nd i n s u c h b l oo d y d i s t a n ce
.
,

T h a t e ve ry m i n u t e o f h i s b e i n g th r u s t s
Ag a i n s t m y n e ar s t o f l i fe : a n d th o u gh I co u l d
’

Wi th b ar e fac d p o w e r sw e e p h i m fr o m m y s i ght
’

An d b i d m y w i ll a vouc h i t y e t I m u s t n o t , ,

F o r c e r t a i n fr i e n d s th a t a r e b o th h i s a n d m i n e ,

W h o s e l ove s I m a y n o t d r o p b u t w a i l h i s fa ll ,

Wh o I m y s e l f s t r u c k d o w n a n d th e n ce i t i s ,

T h a t I t o y o u r a ss i s t a n ce d o m a k e l o ve ,

M a sk i n g t h e b u s i n e ss fr o m t h e co m m o n eye
Fo r s u n d ry w e i g hty r e a s o n s .

S econd M u r d er er We s h all m y l o rd , ,

P e rfo r m w h a t yo u c o m m a n d u s .

Fi r s t M u r d er er . T h ou gh o ur l i ve s
M a cbeth Y o u r s p i ri t s s h i n e th r o u g h yo u W i th i n th i s
. .

at m os t

I w i ll a d vi s e yo u w h e r e t o pl a n t y o u rs e l ve s
 A C T [I] . S CE NE I] .
85

A c q ua i n ty ou w i th the p
rfe c t s py o t h e t i m e e
’
,

Th e m o m e n t o n t ; fo r t m u s t b e d o n e t o n i g ht
’ ’ -

A n d s o m e th i n g fro m t h e p a l a ce ; a l way s th o u g ht
T h a t I r e qu i r e a c l ea r n e ss a nd w i th h i m
T o l e a ve n o r ub s n o r b o t c h e s i n t h e w o rk
Fl e a n ce h i s so n th a t k e e p s h i m c o m p a n y
, ,

W h o s e a b s e n c e i s n o l e ss m a t e r i a l t o m e
T h a n i s h i s fa th e r s m u s t e m b r a c e t h e fa t e
’
,

O f th a t d ar k h o u r Re s o l ve yo u rs e l ve s a p a r t
.

’
I 11 c o m e t o yo u a n o n .

B oth M u r d er er s We ar e r e sol v d m y l o rd
.
’

, .

M a cbeth I 11 c a ll u p o n yo u s t r a i ght : ab i d e w i th i n
’
. .

[E x eu nt M u r der er s .

It i s n c l u d e d : B a n q u o thy s o u l s fl i ght
co ,
’
,

If i t fi n d h e a ve n m u s t fi n d i t o u t t o n i ght
,
.

SC E N E II . Th e S a me . A n oth er R oom .

E n ter L A DY M AC B E T H a nd a Se r va n t .

L a dy M a cbeth B a n q u o go n e fr o m co u r t ?
. Is
S er va n t Ay m a d a m b u t r e t u r n s a ga i n t o n i ght
.
, ,
-

L a dy M a cbeth S a y t o t h e k i n g I w ou l d a tt e n d h i s l e i s u r e
.
,

Fo r a fe w w o rd s .

S er va nt . M a d a m I w i ll , [E x it.

L a dy M a cbeth . N ou g ht s h ad al l s s p e n t ’
,
’
,

W h e r e o u r d e s i r e i s go t w i th o u t c o n t e n t °

T i s s a fe r t o b e th a t w h i c h we d e s t r o y
’

T h a n by d e s t r uc t i o n d w e ll i n d o ub t fu l j oy .

E nter M A C B E T H .

H ow n o w,m y l o rd w hy d o yo u k ee a o n e p l ,

Of s o rr i e s t fa n c i e s y o u r c o m p a n i o n s m a k i n g ,

Us i n g th o s e th o ught s wh i c h s h o u l d i n d e e d h ave d i e d
W i th th e m th e y th i n k o n ? T h i n gs w i th ou t a l l r e m e d y .

S h o u l d b e w i th o u t r e ga rd w h a t s d o n e i s d o n e
’
.
86 [V
IA CB E TH

M a cbeth . We h ave sco t c h

’
d the s n ak e ,
no t k ill d i t
’

S h e 11
’
l
c o e a nd
s be h
rs e l f w h i l s t o u r p oo r m al i ce
e ,

R e m a i n s i n d a n ge r o f h er fo rm e r t oo th .

B u t l e t t h e fra m e o f th i n gs d i sj o i n t b o th t h e w o r l d s sufi e r , ,

E r e we w i ll e a t o u r m e a l i n fe a r a n d s l ee p ,

In t h e a ffl i c t i o n o f th e s e t e rr i b l e d r e a m s
T h a t s h a k e u s n i g htly ; b e tt e r b e w i th t h e d e a d ,

W h o m we t o g a i n o u r p e ace h a ve s e n t t o p e a c e
, , ,

T h a n o n th e t o r t u r e o f t h e m i n d t o l i e
In r e s tl e ss e c s t a s y D u n ca n i s i n h i s gr a ve
.

A ft e r l i fe s fi t fu l fe ve r h e s l ee p s w e ll ;
’

Tr e a s o n h a s d o n e h i s w o rs t : n o r s t ee l n or p o i s o n , ,

M a l i c e d o m e s t i c fo r e i g n l e vy n o th i n g
, , ,

C a n t o u c h h i m fu r th e r .

L a dy M a cbeth . Co m e on ;
G e n tl e m y l o r d s l e e k o e r y o u r ru gge d l o o k s ;
’

B e b r i g ht a n d j o vi a l a m o n g y o u r g u e s t s t o n i ght -

M a cbeth So s h a ll I l o ve ; a n d so I p r a y b e yo u
.
, , ,

L e t y o u r r e m e m b r a n c e a pply t o B a n qu o
Pr e s e n t h i m e m i n e n c e b o th w i th e ye a nd t o n gue
,

U n s a fe t h e w h i l e th a t we
M u s t l ave o u r h o n ou r s i n th e s e fl a tt e r i n g s t r e a m s ,

A n d m a k e o ur fac e s vi s a rd s t o o u r h e a r t s ,

D i s gu i s i n g w h a t th e y a re .

L a dy M a cbet h . Y o u m u s t l e a ve th i s .

M a cbeth O fu l l o f s co r p i o n s i s m y m i n d d e a r w i fe !
.
, ,

T h ou k n o w s t th a t B a n qu o a n d h i s F l e a n ce l i ve s
’
, , .

L a dy M a cbeth B u t i n th e m n a t u r e s copy s n o t e t e rn e
’ ’
. .

M a cbeth T h e r e s c o m fo r t ye t ; th e y a r e a ss a i l a b l e ;
’
.

T h e n b e th o u j o cu n d E re t h e b a t h a th fl o w n.

H i s c l o i s t e r d fl i ght e r e t o b l ac k H e c a t e s s u m m o n s
’
,
’

T h e s h a rd b o r n e b e e tl e w i th h i s d r o ws y h u m s
-

H a th r u n g n i ght s y a wn i n g pe a ] th e r e s h a ll b e d o n e
’
,

A d e e d o f d r e a dfu l n o t e .

L a dy M a cbeth . W h a t s to be d o n e ? ’

M a cbeth B e i n n o c e n t o f t h e k n o w l e d g e d e a r e s t c h u c k
.
,
.
88 M A CE E TH .

E n ter BA N Q U O ,
a nd F L E A N G E w i th a Tor ch .

Th i r d M he
’
u r d er er . T is .

Fi r st M u r d er er . S t
n d to t
a
’
.

B a nqu o . It w i ll b e r a i n t o n i g ht -

Fi r s t M u r d er er . Le t it co m e d o wn .

[Th ey s et u pon B a n qu o .

B O t re a c h e ry
a n qu o .
,
F l y goo d F l e a nc e fl y fl y fl y , , , ,

T h ou m ay s t r e ve n ge — O sl a ve ! [D i es F l ea n ce es capes .

Th i r d M u r d er er Wh o d i d s t r i k e o u t t h e l i ght ?
.

Fi r s t M u r d er er . Wa s ’
t n ot t h e wa y ?
Th i r d M u r d er er . Th ere ’
s b ut o ne d ow n ; th e so n i s fl ed .
‘

S econ d l ld u r der er . We h ave l sto

Be s t h lf
a o f ou r a
ffa i r .

Fi r s t M u r der er W e ll l t w ay a nd h ow m uch i s
’
.
, e s a s ay

d on e .
[
E x eu nt

SC E N E IV . H a l l i n th e P a l a ce .

A B a nquet p r epa r ed . E n ter M A C B E T H, LA DY M AC B E T H,

R o ss , L E NNox , L o r d s , a nd A tt e n dants .

l td a cbeth . k n o w y o u r o wn d egr ee s ; s i t d o w n : a t firs t

Y ou
A n d l a s t t h e h e a r ty w e l co m e .

T h a n ks t o y o u r m aj e s ty .

M a cbeth O u rs e l f w i ll m i n gl e w i th s oc i e ty
.

A n d pl a y t h e h u m b l e h o s t .

O u r h o s t e ss k e e p s h e r s t a t e b u t i n b e s t t i m e ,

We w i ll r e qu i r e h e r w e l c o m e .

L a dy M ac beth Pr o n o u n c e i t fo r me s i r t o a l l ou r fr i e n d s ;
.
, ,

Fo r m y h e a r t s p e a ks th e y a re w e l c o m e .

Fi r st M u rd e r e r a ppea r s at t h e d oor

M a cbeth . S ee , th y e e n co u n t e r th ee w i th th e ir h ea r ts ’

th a nks .

B o th s i d e s a r e e ve n h e e r I ll
’
si t i ’
th e m i d st .
 A C T [I] . S CE NE IV .
89

Be l a r gem i r th ; a n o n we 11 d r i n k a m e a s u r e
in
’

Th e t a b l e r o u n d — [ App r oa ch i ng th e door ] T h e re 5 b l oo d
u p o n thy face .

M u r d r er T i s B a n q u o s th e n
e
.
’ ’
.

T i s b e tt e r th e e w i th ou t th a n h e w i th i n
’
rld a cbeth . .

Is h e d i sp a t ch d
’
?

M u r d er er . My l o rd ,
his th r t oa is cut ; th t a I did fo r
him .

M a cbeth T . h ou ar t th e be s t 0
’
th e cu t -

th r t s
oa ye t h e
’
s

go o d
Th at d i d t he l ik e fo r Fl e a n ce if th ou d i dst it
T h ou a rt th e n o n p ar e i l .

M u r der er . M os ro t y l a s i r,
’
Fl e a nc e i s s c ap d .

M a cbeth .
[
A s i de
] T hen co m e s m y fit agai n : I h ad e ls e

b ee n p f
er e c t ,

W h o l e as th e ma rb l e, fo u n d e d as the r o ck ,

As b r o ad ge n e r a as t h e c a s i n g a i r ;
a nd l -

B u t n o w I a m c a b i n d , c r i b b d , co n fi n d , b o u n d i n
’ ’ ’

To s au cy d o u b t s and fe a r s — B u t B a n qu o ’
s s a fe ?

Al ur d er er m y goo d l o rd s a fe i n a
. A y, he bi des d i tch ,

W i th t w e n ty t r e n c h e d ga s h e s o n h i s h e a d ,

Th e l e a s t a d e a th t o n a t u r e .

M a cbeth . T h a n k s fo r th a t .

[
A ] T h e r e t h e gro w n s e r p e n t l i e s ; t h e w o r m th a t s fl e d
’
s i de

H a th n a t u r e th a t i n t i m e w i ll ve n o m b r e e d 3°
,

No t e e th fo r th e p r e s e n t — G e t th e e go n e t o m o rr o w -

We 11 h e a r o u rs e l ve s agai n
’
[E x i t M ur der er .

L a dy M a cbeth M y r o y a l l o rd
.
,

Y o u d o n o t g i ve t h e c h e e r ; t h e fe a s t i s s o l d
T h a t i s no t o ft e n vo u c h d w h i l e t i s a —m a k i n g ’
,
’
,

T i s g i ve n w i th w e l c o m e t o fe e d w e r e b e s t a t h o m e
’

F r o m th e n ce t h e s au c e t o m e a t i s ce r e m o n y ;
M ee t i n g w e r e b a r e w i th o u t i t .

M a cbeth . S w e e t re m e m b ra n c e r l
90 M A CE E TH .

No w go o d d i ge s t i o n w a i t on a pp t i t e e,

An d h lt h
ea on bo th !
L enn ox . M ay ’
t pl ea e s y ou r h i gh n e ss si t .

[Th e G h os t f a n qu o en ter s , a n d s i ts i n M a cbeth

’
o B s
pl ace .

M a cbeth . H ere h ad we n t ry s h o n o u r roo f d

n o w o u r co u
’ ’

W e r e t h e gra c d p ers o n o f o u r B a n qu o p r e s e n t ;
’

Wh o m ay I r a th e r c h a ll e n ge fo r u n k i n d n e ss
T h a n p i ty fo r m i s c h a n ce
R oss . H i s ab s e n c e s i r , ,

L ay s b l a m e u p o n h i s p r o m i s e P l e a s e t y o u r h i gh n e ss ’
.

T o gr a ce u s w i th y ou r r o y a l c o m p a n y .

M a cbeth T h e t ab l e s fu ll
’
. .

L enn ox . H e r e i s a pl ace r ese rv d s i r ’

, .

M a cbeth W h e r e ? .

L ennox H e r e m y goo d l o rd W h a t i s t th a t m o ve s y o u r ’
.
.
,

h i gh n e ss
M a cbeth W h i c h o f you h ave d o n e th i s ?
.

Wh a t m y goo d l o rd ,

M a cbeth T h o u c a n s t n o t s ay I d i d i t : n e ve r s h a k e
.

T hy go r y l oc k s a t m e .

R oss G e n tl e m e n r i s e : h i s h i gh n e ss i s n o t w e ll
’

. .
,

L a dy M a cbeth S i t w o r thy fr i e n d s m y l o rd i s o ft e n th u s
.
, , ,

A n d h a th b e e n fro m h i s y o u th p r a y you k e e p s e a t ; ,

T h e fi t i s m o m e n t a ry ; u p o n a th o u ght
H e w i ll a ga i n b e w e ll If m u c h yo u n o t e h i m
.
,

Y o u s h a ll o ffe n d h i m a n d e x t e n d h i s p a ss i o n ;
Fe e d a n d r e g a r d h i m n o t — A r e yo u a m a n ?
,

M a cbeth A y a n d a b o l d o n e th a t d a r e l o o k o n th a t
.
, ,

W h i c h m i g ht a pp a l t h e d e vi l .

L a dy M z cbeth . O p r o p e r s t ufl !
T h i s i s t h e ve ry p a i n t i n g o f y o u r fe a r
T h i s i s t h e a i r d r a w n d agge r w h i c h yo u s a i d
-

, ,

L e d yo u to D u n c a n O th e s e fl a ws a n d s t a r t s
.
, ,

Im p o s t o rs t o t r u e fe a r w o u l d w e ll b e co m e ,

A w o m a n s s t o r y a t a w i n t e r s fi re
’ ’
,
 A C T [1 1 S CE NE IV
91
. .

Au t h o r i z d b y h e r g r a n d a m
’
S . hm e i tse l f !
a

W hy d o y o u m a k e s u c fa c e s ? h W h e n al l s d o n e ’
,

You l oo k b ut on a s t oo l .

M a cbeth . Pr i th e e , see th e e r ! be h ld ! l
o oo k 10 ! h o w sa
y
yo u
W hy w h a t c a r e I ? If th o u c a n s t no d s p e ak t o o
, , .

If c h a r n e l h o u s e s a n d o u r g r a ve s m u s t s e n d
-

T h o s e th a t we b u ry b ac k o u r m o n u m e n t s ,

S h a ll b e t h e m a ws o f k i t e s [G h ost va n i sh es
. .

W h a t q u i t e u nm a nn d i n fo lly ? ,
’

M a cbeth If I s t a n d h e r e I s a w h i m
.
,
.

F i e fo r s h a m e !
_

L a dy M a cbeth .
,

l ld acbeth B l o o d h a th b ee n s h e d e re no w i t h e o l d e n t i m e
’
.
, ,

E re h u m a n s t a t u t e pu rg d t h e ge n tl e w e a l ;
’

A y a n d s i n ce t oo m u r th e rs h ave b e e n p e rfo r m d
’

, ,

T o o t e rr i b l e fo r t h e e ar : t h e t i m e h as b e e n ,

T h a t w h e n t h e b r a i n s w e r e ou t th e m a n w o u l d d i e ,

A n d th e r e a n e nd ; b u t n o w th e y r i s e a ga i n ,

W i th t w e n ty m o r t a l m u r th e rs o n th e i r c ro wn s ,

A n d p u s h u s fro m o u r s t oo l s T h i s i s m o r e s t r a n ge .

T h a n s u c h a m u r th e r i s .

L a dy M a cbeth M y w o r thy l o rd
.
,

Y o u r n o b l e fr i e n d s d o l ac k yo u .

M a cbeth . I d o fo rge t
D o n o t m u s e a t m e m y m o s t w o r thy fri e n d s ;
,

I h a ve a s t r a n g e i n fi r m i ty w h i c h i s n o th i n g ,

T o th o s e th a t k n o w m e C o m e , l o ve a nd h e a lth t o a l l ;
.

T h e n I l l s i t d o w n — G i ve m e s o m e w i n e fi ll fu ll
’
, .

I d r i n k t o t h e ge n e r a l j oy 0 t h e w h o l e t a b l e
‘
’
,

A n d t o o u r d e a r fr i e n d B a n q u o w h o m we m i ss ; ,

W o u l d h e w e r e h e r e ! t o a l l a n d h i m we th i rs t ,

A nd al l to al l .

O ur dut i es ,
a nd th e pl e d ge .
 M A CE E TH
9 2 .

R e enter G
-

h st o .

M a cbeth . Avau n ! t a nd qu i t m y s i ght ! l e t the ea r th h id e

th ee !
T hy b o n e s are m a rr o w l e ss thy b l oo d i s co l d ,

T h ou h a s t no s p ec u l a t i o n i n th o s e e y e s
W h i c h th ou d o s t g l a r e w i th .

L a dy M a cbeth . T h i n k o f th i s go o d p ee rs , ,

B u t a s a th i n g o f c u s t o m t i s n o o th e r ;
’

O n ly i t s p o i l s t h e pl e a s u r e o f t h e t i m e .

M a cbeth W h a t m a n d a r e I d a r e
.
,

A pp r o a c h th ou l i k e t h e r u gge d R u ss i a n b e a r ,

Th e a rm d r h i n oc e r o s o r t h e H y r ca n t i ge r
’
, .

T a k e a ny s h ap e b u t th a t a n d m y fi rm n e r ve s ,

S h a ll n e ve r t r e m b l e o r b e a l i ve a ga i n

A nd d a r e m e t o t h e d e s e r t w i th thy sw o rd ;
If t r e m b l i n g I i n h ab i t th e n p r o t e s t m e ,

T h e b aby o f a g i r l H en ce h o rr i b l e s h a d o w
.
,

U n r e a l m o c k e r y h e n ce
, [G h ost va ni sh es .

W hy so b e i n g go n e
I a m a m a n aga i n —Pr ay you s i t s t i ll
, ,

, .

L a dy M a cbeth Y o u h a ve d i spl ac d t h e m i r th b r ok e t h e
’
.
,

goo d m e e t i n g ,

W i th m o s t ad m i r d d i s o rd e r
’
.

M a cbeth . C a n s u c h th i n gs b e ,

A n d o ve r co m e u s l ik e a s u m m e r s c l o u d
’
,

W i th o u t o u r s p e c i a l w o n d e r ? Y ou m a k e m e s t r a n ge
E ve n t o t h e d i s p o s i t i o n th a t I o we ,

W h e n n o w I th i n k yo u c a n b e h o l d suc h s i g ht s
'

A nd k e e p t h e n a t u r a l r u by o f y o u r c h ee k s ,

W h e n m i n e i s b l a nc h d w i th fe a r ’

R oss . W h a t s i g ht s m y l o rd ? ,

L a dy M a cbeth I p r ay yo u s p ea k n o t h e g r o ws w o rs e a nd
.
,

w o rs e ;
Q u e s t i o n e n r age s h i m A t o n ce goo d n i ght
.
,
 A C T [I] S CE NE I V
93
.

S ta n d no t u p on th e o rd e r o f y o u r go i n g ,

B u t go a t o n ce .

L ennox . G oo d n i ght ; a nd be tt r h lth

e ea

A tt e nd h i s m j s ty ! a e

L a dy h l acbeth A k i nd goo d n i ght to al l !

[E xeu nt all bu t M a cbeth a nd L a dy M a cbeth .

M a cbeth . It w i ll h a ve b l oo d ,
th y e s ay ; b l oo d w i ll h a ve

b l oo d
S t n e s a ve b e e n k n o w n t o m o ve a nd t r ee s t o s p e a k ;
o h -

A u gu rs a n d u n d e rs t o o d r e l at i o n s h ave
“

B y m ago t p i e s a n d c h o u gh s a nd r oo k s b r o ught fo r th
-

Th e s e c re t s t m a n o f b l oo d W h a t i s t h e n i ght ?
’
-

L a dy M a cbeth A l m o s t a t o dd s w i th m o rn i n g w h i c h s
.
,
i

w h ich .

M a cbeth H o w s ay s t th o u th a t M ac d u ff d e n i e s h i s p e rs o n
.
’
,

A t o u r gr e a t b i d d i n g ?
L a dy M a cbeth D i d you s e n d t o h i m s i r ?
“

.
,

M a cbet h I h e a r i t b y t h e way b u t I w i ll s e n d
.
,

T h e r e s n o t a o ne o f th e m b u t i n h i s h o u s e
’

I k ee p a s e r va n t fe e d I w i ll t o m o rr o w
’
-
.
,

A nd b e t i m e s I w i ll t o t h e w e i rd s i s t e rs : ,

M o r e s h a ll th e y s p e a k fo r n o w I a m b e n t t o k n o w ,
,

B y t h e w o rs t m e a n s t h e w o rs t Fo r m i n e o wn go o d ,
.

Al l c au s e s s h a ll g i ve wa y : I a m i n b l oo d
S t e pp d i n so fa r th a t s h o u l d I w a d e n o m o r e
’
, ,

R e t u r n i n g w e r e a s t e d i o u s a s go o e r
’
.

S t r a n ge th i n gs I h a ve i n h e a d th a t w i ll t o h a n d ,

W h i c h m u s t b e a c t e d e r e th e y m ay b e sc an n d ’
.

L a dy M a cbeth Y o u l ac k t h e s e a s o n of a l l n a t u r e s s l e e p
.
, .

M a cbeth C o m e we 11 t o s l e e p M y s t r a n ge a n d s e l f ab u s e
.
,
"
.
-

Is t h e i n i t i a t e fe a r th a t w a n t s h a rd u se :
We a r e ye t b u t y ou n g i n d e e d [E x eu nt .
 M A CB E TIJ
94
.

SC E N E V . A H ea th .

Th u nder . E n ter t h e th r ee W i t ch es ,
m eeti ng H ECAT E .

Fi r st Wi tch W hy .
,
ho w n o w,H e c a t e you l o o k a n ge r ly .

H eca te .H a ve I n o t r e a s o n b e l d a m s a s you a re
, ,

S a u c y a n d o ve r b o l d ? H o w d i d you d a r e
T o t r a d e a nd t r a ffi c w i th M ac b e th
In r i d d l e s a n d a ffa i rs o f d e a th ;
A n d I t h e m i s t r e ss o f y ou r c h a rm s
, ,

Th e c l o se co n t r i ve r o f a l l h a rm s ,

Wa s n e ve r c al l d t o h ea r m y p a r t
’
,

O r s h o w t h e gl o r y o f ou r a rt
A n d w h i c h i s w o rs e a l l yo u h a ve d o n e
, ,

H a th b e e n b u t fo r a w ay w a rd so n ,

S p i t e fu l a n d wr a th fu l ; wh o a s o th e rs d o , ,

Lo ve s fo r h i s o wn e n d s n o t fo r yo u ,
.

B u t m a k e a m e n d s n o w : ge t yo u go n e ,

A n d a t t h e p i t o f Ac h e ro n
M e e t m e i t h e m o rn i n g : th i th e r h e
’

W i ll c o m e t o k n o w h i s d e s t i n y .

Y o u r ve ss e l s a n d y ou r s p e ll s p r o vi d e ,

Y o u r c h a rm s a nd e ve ry th i n g b e s i d e .

I a m fo r t h e a i r ; th i s n i ght I l l s p e n d
’

Un t o a d i sm a l a n d a fa t a l e nd
G r e a t b u s i n e s s m u s t b e w r o u ght e re n o o n .

U p o n t h e co rn e r o f t h e m oo n
T h e re h a n gs a vap o r ou s d r o p p r o fou n d ;
I l l c a t c h i t e re i t c o m e t o g r o u n d :
’

A n d th a t d i s t i l l d b y m a g i c s l e i g ht s
’
, ,

S h a ll r a i s e s u c h a r t ifi c i a l s p r i t e s
A s by t h e s t r e n gth o f th e i r i ll usi o n
S h a ll d r a w h i m o n to h i s c o n fu s i o n .

H e s h a ll s p u r n fa t e s c o r n d e a th a n d b ea r
, ,

H i s h o p e s b o ve w i sd o m g race a n d fe a r
’
, ,
 M A CE E TH
96
.

Th e so n o f D u n c an ,
Fro m w h
th i s ty r n t h l d s t h l f b i r th
o m a o e c ue o ,

L i v s i n t h E n gl i s h rt d is
’
e e iv d co u ,
an r e ce

Of t h m s t p i s Ed w rd w i th s h g r
e o ou a uc ac e

T h t th m l v l n
a e f f r t n n th i n g
a e o e ce o o u e o

T k s fr m h i s h i g h r s p t T h i th r M d ff
a e o e ec . e ac u

I g n t p r y t h h ly k i n g
s o e o p n h i s id
a e o ,
u o a

T w k N th m b r l n d
o a e or d w l i k S i w rd ;
u e a an ar e a

T h t by h lp f th s w i th H i m b v
a e o e e, a o e

T o rat i fy t h w rk w m y g i n e o ,
e a a a

Gi v t
"

e t bl s m t s l p t
o our a n i g ht s
e ea , ee o ou r -

Fr fr m
ee f sts
o d b nq ts bl
ou r ea dy k n iv s an a ue oo e

D f i th f l h m g
o a u d r i v fr h n rs ;
o a e an ece e ee o ou

Al l w h i h w p i n f c w A d th i s r p r t
e e or no . n e o

H th a x s p r t t h k i n g th t h
so e a e a e e a e

Pr p e s f s m
ar e tt m pt f w
or o e a e o ar .

L x
en no . S nt h t M d ff e e o ac u

d w i th bs l t Si
’
L d H did
or . e : an t I an a o u e r, n o ,

Th l d y m ss n g r t rn s m h i b k
e c ou e e e u e s ac

And h m s uwh s h ,
ld as
y Y ll o th t i m ou sa
‘
ou
’
ru e e e

T h t l gs m w i th th i s n sw r
a c o e a e .
’

L x
enn o . And th t w ll m i ght a e

A d vi s h i m t e t i n t h l d wh t d ist n
o a c au o , o o a a ce

H i s w i sd m p r vi d S m h ly n g l
o c an o e . o e o a e

Fl y t t h o r t f E n gl n d
e co u d nf ld o a an u o

H i s m ss g e h a m th t sw i ft b l ss i n g
e e re e co e, a a e

M y s n a t rn t th i s
oo re u s ff r i n g n t ry
o our u e c ou

Un d r h nd e a d !a accu rs
’

I l l s n d m y p r y rs w i th h i m
’
L d '
or . e a e

[
E x eu n t
 T HE D U NS N A N E RAN G
I E .

A C T IV .

A [n th e M i dd l e, B oi l i ng
'

a
SC E N E I .

Th u nd er . E nter th e th r ee W i tch es .

Wi tch T h r i
. c e t h e b r i n d e d c a t h a th m ew d
’
.

S econd Wi tc h T h r i ce.
a n d o n c e t h e h e d g pg
e i wh i n d - .
’
.

Th i r d Wi tch H a r p. i e r c r i e s — t i s t,
i m e
’
t i s t i m e ,
’
.

Fi r s t W i tch R o u . n d a b o u t t h e c a u l d r o n g o

In t h e po i so n d e n t r a i l s th r o w
’
.

T o a d th a t u n d e r c o l d s t o n e
,

D a y s a n d n i ght s h a s th i r ty o ne
-

S we l t e r d ve n o m s l e e p i n g go t ,
’

B o i l th o u firs t i t h e c h ar m e d pot
’
.

A l l D o ub l e d ou b l e t o i l a n d t r ou b l e
.
,

F i r e b u r n a n d c au l d r o n b u bb l e .

G
 M A CH E T
98
.

S econd Wi tch . Fi ll te of a fe n n y s n ak e ,

In t h e c au ld ro n bo il a nd b ak e ;
Eye of ne wt a nd t o e o f fr og,
“

W oo l o f b a t a n d t o n gu e o f d og
A d d e r s fo rk a n d b l i n d w o rm s s t i n g
’ ’
-

L i z a rd s l e g a n d h o w l e t s w i n g
’ ’
,

Fo r a c h a r m o f p o w e rfu l t r o u b l e ,

L i k e a h e ll b r o th b o i l a n d b u bb l e
-

A l l D o u b l e d o u b l e t o i l a n d t r ou b l e
.
,

F i r e b u rn a n d c au l d r o n b u b b l e .

Thi r d Wi t ch S c a l e o f d r a go n t oo th o f w o l f
.
, ,

W i t c h e s m u m m y m a w a n d gu l f
’
,

Of t h e r avi n d s a l t se a s h a rk
’
-

R o o t o f h e m l o c k d i gg d i t h e d a rk
’ ’
,

Li ve r o f b l a s ph e m i n g J e w ,

G a ll o f go a t a n d s l i p s o f ye w
,

S l i ve r d i n t h e m oo n s e c l i p s e
’ ’

N o s e o f T u rk a n d T a r t a r s l i p s ’
,

F i n ge r o f b i r th s t r a n gl e d b a b e
-

D i t c h d e l i ve r d by a d r a b
’
-

M a k e t h e g r u e l th i c k a n d s l ab :
A d d th e r e t o a t i ge r s c h a u d r o n
’
,

Fo r t h e i n gr e d i e n t s o f o u r c a u l d r o n .

A l l D o u b l e d o ub l e t o i l a n d t ro u b l e ;
.
,

Fi r e b u rn a n d c a u l d r o n b u bb l e .

S econ d Wi tch C o o l i t w i th a b ab o o n 5 b l o o d
.
,

T h e n t h e c h a rm i s firm a n d go o d .

E n ter H EC AT E .

H eca te O w e ll d o n e ! I co m m e n d y o u r p ai n s ;
.
,

An d e very o n e s h a ll s h a r e i t h e g a i n s
’

A nd n o w ab ou t t h e c au l d r o n s i n g ,

L ik e e l ve s a n d fa i r i e s i n a r i n g ,

E n c h a n t i n g a l l th a t y ou pu t i n .

[ M u si c a nd a song ! B l ac k s p i r i t s , e t c H eca te
’
.
m o M A CE E TH .

Th u nd er . Fi r st A pp r i t i
n : a n a r m ed H ea d a o .

M a cbeth Te ll m e th o u u n k n o w n p o w e r
"

.
, ,

H e k n o ws thy th o ught
H e ar h i s s p e e c h b u t s ay th o u n ou g ht
, .

Fi r st App a r i ti on M a cb e th ! M ac b e th ! M a cb e th ! b e w a r e
.

M a c d u ff ;
B e w a r e t h e th a n e o f Fi fe D i sm i ss m e e n o u gh [D escends
. . .

M a cbeth W h a t e e r th o u a r t fo r thy goo d c a u t i o n th a n k s

’
,
.

T h o u h a s t h a rp d m y fe a r a r i gh t : b u t o n e w o rd m o r e
’
,

/Vi t ch H e w i ll n o t b e c o m m a n d e d h e re s a n o th e r ’
Fi r s t I .
,

M o r e p o t e n t th an t h e firs t .

Th u n d er . S econd A pp r i t i n bl dy Ch i l d
a o : a oo .

S econ d App a r i t i on . M ac b th ! M b th ! M b th !
e ac e ac e

M a cbeth H a d I. th ree e a r s Id h ,
th ’
e ar ee .

S econd App a r i ti on . Be bl dy b ld
oo d r s l t ; l
, o ,
an e o u e a ug h
to s c o rn
T h e p o w e r o f m a n fo r n o n e o f w o m a n b o r n
,
S o

S h a ll h a r m M a c b e th .

[D escen d s

M a cbeth T h e n l i ve M a c d u ff : w h a t n ee d I fe a r o f th e e
.
,

B u t ye t I l l m a k e a ss u r a n c e d o u b l e s u r e
’

A n d t a k e a b o n d o f fa t e th o u s h a l t n o t l i ve
T h a t I m ay t e ll p a l e h e a r t e d fe a r i t l i e s
-

A n d s l ee p i n s p i t e o f th u n d e r .

I h u nder . Th i r d A pp r i t i a on : a Ch i l d cr owned, w i th a

i n h i s h a nd .

W h at i s th i s ,

T h a t r i s e s l i k e th e i ss u e o f a k i n g ,

A n d w e a rs u p o n h i s b a b y b ro w t h e r o u n d
A n d t o p o f s o ve r e i g n ty ?
L i s t e n b u t s p e ak n o t t o t
’
.
,

Th i r d App a r i ti on B e l i o n m e ttl e d p r o u d a n d t a k e n o
.
-

, ,
r
ca e

Wh o c h a fe s wh o fr e t s o r w h e r e c o n s p i re rs a r e :
, ,
 AC T IV . S CE NE I.
1 01

M a cb e th
s h a ll n eve r va nq u i s h d b e u n t i l ’

G r e a t B i r n a m w oo d t o h i g h D u n s i n a n e h i ll
S h a ll co m e ag ai n s t h i m .
[D escends .

T h a t w i ll n e ve r b e
Wh o c a n i m p re ss t h e fo r e s t b i d t h e t ree ,

U nfi x h i s e a r th b o u n d r o o t ? S w e e t b o d e m e n t s
-

R e b e ll i o n s h e ad r i s e n e ve r t i ll t h e w o o d
’
, ,

O f B i r n a m r i s e a nd o u r h i gh p l ac d M ac b e th
,
-
’

S h a ll l i ve t h e l e a s e o f n a t u r e p ay h i s b r e a th ,

To t i m e a nd m o r t a l c u s t o m Y et m y h ear t
'

T h r o b s t o k n o w o n e th i n g : t e ll m e —i f y o u r ar t ,

C a n t e ll s o m u c h s h a ll Ba n q u o s i s s u e e ve r ’
-

R e i g n i n th i s k i n gd o m ?
Se e k t o k n o w n o m o r e .

M a cbeth I w i ll b e s a t i s fi e d : d e n y m e th i s
.
,

A n d a n e t e r n a l c u rs e fa ll o n yo u ! L e t m e k n o w
W hy s i n k s th a t c a u l d r o n ? a nd w h at n o i s e i s th i s ?
[
H a u t boy s .

Wi tch S h o w !
'

Fi r s t .

S econ d Wi tch S h o w ! .

Th i r d Wi tch S h o w ! .

Al l . S h
w h i s e y e s a nd gr i e ve
o ,
his h ea rt ; n o

C o m e l i k e s h a d o ws so d ep a r t ! ,

A s h ow
f
o eig h t K i n gs ,
th e l a s t w i t h a gl a ss i n h i s h a nd
’
f ol l ow i ng
B a n qu o s G h os t .

M a cbet h T h o u a r t t o d l i k e t h e S p i r i t o f B a n q u o ; d o wn
.
!

T hy c r o w n d o e s s e a r m i n e e y e b a ll s — A n d thy h a i r ,

T h ou o th e r go l d b ou n d b r o w i s l i k e t h e fi r s t
-

, .

A th i rd i s l i k e t h e fo rm e r — F i lthy h ag s ! .

W hy d o yo u s h o w m e th i s —A fou r th l — S t a r t e y e s ,

W h a t w i ll t h e l i n e s t r e t c h o u t t o t h e c r a c k o f d o o m
,

A n o th e r ye t l —f A s e ven th — I 11 s e e n o m o r e
’

A nd ye t t h e ei ghth a pp e a rs wh o b e a rs a g l a ss ,

W h i c h s h o ws m e m a n y m o re ; a n d s o m e I see
1 02 M A CE E TH .

T h a t t w o fo l d b a ll s a nd t r e b l e s c e pt r e s c a rr y
H o rr i b l e s i ght —No w I se e t i s t ru e ; ’

F o r t h e b l o o d b ol t e r d B a n qu o sm i l e s u p o n m e
’
-

A n d p o i n t s a t th e m fo r h i s [A pp a r i t i ons . va n i sh .

W h a t i s th i s so ,

Fi r s t Wi tch A y s i r a l l th i s i s s o : b u t wh y
.
, ,

S t a n d s M ac b e th th u s a m a z e d ly ?
C o m e s i s t e r s c h e e r we u p h i s s p r i ght s
, , ,

A n d s h o w t h e b e s t o f o u r d e l i ght s :
I l l c h a r m t h e a i r t o g i ve a s o u n d
’
,

W h i l e yo u p e rfo rm y o u r a n t i c r o u n d ,

T h a t th i s gr e a t k i n g m ay k i n d ly s ay ,

O u r d u t i e s d i d h i s w e l c o m e p ay .

[M u si c . Th e Wi tch es d a n ce ,
a nd th en va n i sh , w i t h
M a cbeth . W h ere a re th y e ? Gon e ? Le t th i s p e r n i c i ou s

St a n d a
ye a cc u rs e d i n the ca e l n d ar !
Come in ,
wi th t th ou r
e e !

E n ter L E NNo x .

L enn ox . W hat s your ’

g r a ce
’
s w i ll ?
M a cbeth . S a w yo u t h e w e i rd s i s t e r s ?
L enn ox . No ,
m y l o rd .

M a cbeth . C a me th y
e no t b y yo u ?

L en nox . No i n d ee d m y ,
l o rd .

M a cbeth t d b th . In fe c e e e ai rw h e re o n th e y r i d e ;
A d d m d l l th s th t t ru s t th e m —I d i d h e a r
’
n a n a o e a

Th g ll p i n g f h s wh o wa s t c a m e b
’
e a o o or e ?
y
L x I i tw
enn o th.
” ‘

s o or re e m
y
,
l o rd th a t b r i n
g y o u w o rd
,

M d ff i fl d t E n gl n d
ac u s e o a .

M a cbeth . F l e d t o En g a n d l
L ennox . A y, my
go o d o r d l .

M a cbeth .
[
A si d e
] T i m e, th ou a nt i c i
pat
’
st m y d re a d ex

pl o i t s :
Th e fl i g h ty u r p p o e s n ever i s o
’
ertoo k
1 04 M A CE E TH .

He i s n ob l e w i s e j u d i c i o u s a n d b e s t k n o ws
, , ,

Th e fi t s o t h e s e as o n I d a r e n o t s p ea k m u c h fu r th e r ;
’
.

B u t c r u e l a re t h e t i m e s w h e n we a re t r a i t o r s ,

A nd d o n o t k n o w o u rs e l ve s ; w h e n we h o l d r u m ou r
F r o m w h a t we fe a r ye t k n o w n o t w h a t we fe a r
, ,

B u t fl o a t u p o n a w i l d a n d vi o l e n t s e a
E a c h wa y a n d m o ve I t a k e m y l e a ve o f yo u ;
.

S h a ll n o t b e l o n g b u t I l l b e h e r e a ga i n
’
.

T h i n gs a t t h e w o rs t w i ll ce a s e o r e l s e c l i m b u p w a rd ,

T o w h a t th e y w e r e b e fo r e M y p r e tty co u s i n .

B l e ss i n g u p o n y o u
L a dy M a cd uj f F a t h e r d h e i s a n d ye t h e s fa th e r l e ss
’ ’
.
,

R oss I a m s o m u c h a fo o l s h o u l d I s t ay l o n ge r
.
, ,

It w o u l d b e m y d i s g r a ce a n d y o u r d i s co m fo r t
I t a k e m y l e a ve a t o n c e .

S i r r a h y o u r fa th e r s d e ad
’
,

A n d w h a t w i ll yo u d o n o w ? H o w w i ll yo u l i ve ?
S on A s b i rd s d o m o th e r ;
.
,

L a dy M a cd ufi f W h a t w i th w o rm s a nd fl i e s ? ,

S on W i th w h a t I g e t I m e a n ; a n d so d o th e y
.
, .

L a dy M a cd ufif P oo r b i rd ! th o u d s t n e ve r fe a r t h e ne t n o r
’

l i me ,

T h e p i t fa ll n o r t h e gi n .

S on W hy s h o u l d I m o th e r ? P oo r b i rd s th ey are no t se t
.
,

fo r .

M y fa th er is not d e ad ,
fo r al l y our s ay i n g .

L a dy b l a cd u
j f Y e s, h e i s d ead : h ow w i lt th ou d o fo r a

fa th er ?

S on . Na y w i ll yo u d o fo r a h u s b a n d ?
,
how
L a dy [ Ma ce/apt W hy I c a n b u y m e t w e n ty a t a n y m a rk e t
, .

S on T h e n y o u 11 b u y e m t o s e ll a ga i n
’ ’
.
.

L a dy M a cd uf f T h o u s pe a k s t w i th a l l thy w i t a n d ye t i
’ ’

, ,

fa i th ,

W i th w i t e n o ugh fo r th ee .

S on Wa s m y fa th e r a t r a i t o r m o th e r ?
.
,
 ACT IV . S CE NE 11 .
1 0
5

L a dy M a cd uf f Ay, th t h w a e as .

h t t t r
S on W a i s a r a i
. o ?

L dy M d fi W hy
a ac u th t s w rs d l i s , o ne a ea an e .

S A d b
on l l t r i t rs th t d
. n e a a o a o so

L dy M d fi f Ev r y th t d s i t r i t r d
'
a ac u e o ne a oe so s a a o ,
an .

m st b h ng d
u e a e . so

S A d m s t th y l l b h n g d th t sw r
on . n u ed li ? a e a e a ea an e

L dy M d yj f E v r y
a ac u
‘
e o ne .

S Wh m s t h n g th m
on . o u a e ?

L dy M d fi W hy t h h n s t m
a ac u ,
e o e en .

S T h n t h l i rs
on . d sw r rs
e ef l s f th r
a an ea e a re oo ,
or e e are

l i rs d s w r rs n w t b t th h n s t m
a an ea e e d h ng p
o o ea e o e en a n a u

th me .

L dy M d fi f N w G d h lp th
a ac u p r m nk y ! B t
o ,
o e ee , oo o e u

h w w i lt th
o d f f th r
ou o or a a e 59

d w p f w ld ’
S If h w r d
on . d y e e e him if y ea ,
ou ee or : ou ou

no t it w r
, g d s i g n th t I s h
e e a l d q i k ly h v
oo w a ou u c a e a ne

f th r
a e .

L dy M d fi f P
a r p r ttl r h w th
ac u t lk t oo a e , o ou a
’
s

E nt er a M e ss e n ge r .

M essenger B l e s s yo u fa i r d a m e ! I a m no t t o you k n o wn
.
, ,

T h o u gh i n y o u r s t a t e o f h o n o u r I a m p e rfe c t .

I d o u b t s o m e d a n ge r d o e s a pp r oac h yo u n e a r ly
If yo u w i ll t ak e a h o m e ly m a n s a d vi c e
’

B e n o t fo u n d h e r e ; h e n ce w i th y o u r l i ttl e o n e s , .

T o fr i ght yo u th u s m e th i n k s I a m t oo s a vage ;
,

T o d o w o r s e t o yo u w e r e fe ll c r u e lty ,

W h i c h i s t o o n i g h y o u r p e rs o n H e a ve n p r e s e r ve yo u .

I d a r e a b i d e n o l o n ge r .

L a dy M a cd uf W h i th e r s h o u l d I fl y
I h a ve d o n e n o h a rm B u t I r e m e m b e r n ow.

I a m i n th i s e a r thly w o r l d w h e r e t o d o h a rm ,

Is o ft e n l a u d a b l e t o d o goo d s o m e t i m e
,

A cco u n t e d d a n ge r o us fo lly wh y th e n a l a s , ,
 M A CB E TH
'

1 06 .

D o I pu t up th t a w o m a n ly d e fe n ce ,

To sa
y I h a ve d o n e n o h ar m

E nter M u rd e r e rs .

W h a t a re th s face s ?
e e

F i r s t bl u r d er er . W h e r e i s y ou r h u s b a n d ?
L a dy M a cd uf f I h O pe , i n no pl a ce so u n s an c t i fie d

W h e re s u c h as th ou m ay s t fi n d him .

Fi r s t M u r der er . He
’
s a tr ita o r .

S on . T hou l i e s t ,
th ou s h ag b ai r d vi ll a i n
-
’

Fi r s t M u r der er . Wh at you e gg
,

[S ta bbi ng h i m .

Y o u n g fr y of tr e ac h ry e

S on . H e h as k i l l d m e ,
’
m o th e r
Run a w ay ,
I pr y y
a ou ! [D i es .

[
E x i t L a dy M a cd uj fi, cry i ng M ur th e r
E xeu n t M u r der er s, f ol l ow i ng h er .

SC E N E III . E ngl a n d . B f
e or e Ki ng
th e
’
s P a l a ce .

E n ter M A L CO L M a nd M AC D U F F .

M a l col m L e t . s ee k ou t s o m e d e s o l a t e s h a d e a nd
us , th r
e e

W e e p ou r sad b o s o m s e m pty .

M a cd uy? L e t u s r a th e r
r

H o l d fa s t t h e m o r t a l s w o rd a n d l i k e goo d m e n ,

B e s t r i d e o u r cl o wn fa ll e n b i r th d o m Ea c h n e w m o r n
-

Ne w w i d o ws h o w l ne w o r ph a n s c ry n e w s o rr o ws
, ,

S t r ik e h e a ve n o n t h e fa c e th a t i t r e s o u n d s ,

A s i f i t fe lt w i th S co tl a n d a n d ye l l d o u t
’

L i k e s yll ab l e o f d o l o u r .

M a l col m . W h a t I b e l i e ve I l l w a i l ; ,
’

W h a t k n o w b e l i e ve ; a nd w h a t I c a n r e dr e ss
, ,

A s I s h a ll fi n d t h e t i m e t o fr i e n d I w i ll , .

W h a t yo u h ave s p o k e i t m ay b e so p e r c h a n ce , .

T h i s ty r a n t w h o s e s o l e n a m e b l i s t e rs o u r t o n gu e s
, ,
1 08 M A CB E TH

A nd h r fr o m grac i ou s E n gl a n d h ave I o ffe r

e e

O f go o d ly th o u s a n d s ; b u t fo r a l l th i s
W h e n I s h a ll t r e a d u p o n t h e ty r a n t s h e a d ’
,

O r w e a r i t o n m y s w o rd ye t m y p o o r c ou n t ry
,

S h a ll h a ve m o r e vi c e s th a n i t h ad b e fo r e ,

M o r e s u ffe r a n d m o r e s u n d r y w ay s th a n e ve r,
,

B y h i m th a t s h a ll s u cce e d .

W h at s h ou l d h e b e ?
M a l col m It i s m y s e l f I m ea n ; i n w h o m I k n o w
.

A l l t h e p a r t i c u l a rs o f vi ce so g r a ft e d
T h a t w h e n th e y s h a ll b e o pe n d b l ac k M a cb e th
,
’
,

W i ll s e e m a s p u r e a s s n o w a n d t h e p o o r s t a t e
,

E s t ee m h i m a s a l a m b b e i n g c o m p a r d
’

W i th m y c o nfi ne l e ss h a rm s .

No t i n t h e l eg i o n s
O f h o r r i d h e ll c a n co m e a d e vi l m o r e d a m n d ’

In e vi l s t o t op M a cb e th .

I gr a n t h i m b l oo d y ,

Lu x u r i o u s a va r i c i ou s fa l s e d e ce i t fu l
, , , ,

S u d d e n m a l i c i o u s sm a c k i n g o f e ve r y s i n
.
,

T h a t h a s a n a m e ; b u t th e r e s n o b o tt o m n o n e ’
, ,

In m y vo l u pt u o u s n e ss : y o u r w i ve s y o u r d au g ht e rs , ,

Y o u r m a t r o n s a n d y o u r m a i d s c o u l d n o t fi ll u p ,

Th e c i s t e r n o f m y l u s t a n d m y d e s i r e
,

A l l c o n t i n e n t i m p e d i m e n t s w o u l d o e rb e a r
’

T h a t d id O pp o s e m y w i l l B e tt e r M ac b e th
.

T h a n s u c h a n o ne t o r e i g n .

B o u n d l e ss i n t e m p e r a n ce
In n a t u r e i s a ty r a n n y ; i t h a th b e e n
T h e u n t i m e ly e m pty i n g o f t h e h a ppy th r o n e ,

A n d fa ll o f m a n y k i n gs B u t fe a r n o t ye t
.

T o t a k e u p o n y o u w h a t i s y o u rs yo u m ay
C o n ve y y ou r pl e a s u r e s i n a s p a c i o u s pl e n ty ,

A n d ye t s ee m c o l d t h e t i m e y o u m ay so h o o dw i n k
, .

We h a ve w i ll i n g d a m e s e n o ug h ; th e r e c a n n o t b e
 A CT IV . S CE NE 111 .
1 09

T h a t vu lt u re i n yo u t o d e vo u r so m a n y
,

A s w i ll t o gr e a t n e ss d e d i c a t e th e m s e l ve s ,

F i n d i n g i t s o i n cl i n d
’
.

M a l col m . W i th th i s th e r e gr o w s
In m y m o s t i l l co m p os d affe c t i o n s u c h
’
-

A s t a n c hl e ss a va r i c e th a t w e r e I k i n g , ,

I s h o u l d c u t o ff t h e n o b l e s fo r th e i r l a n ds ,

D e s i r e h i s j e w e l s a n d th i s o th e r s h o u s e ;
’

A n d m y m o r e h a vi n g w o u l d b e a s a s a u c e
-

T o m a k e m e h u n ge r m o r e th a t I s ho u l d fo rge ,

Q u a rr e l s u n j u s t a ga i n s t t h e goo d a n d l o y a l ,

D e s t r o y i n g th e m fo r w e a lth
M a cd uyf T h i s a va r i c e
S t i c k s d e e p e r g r o ws w i th m o r e p e r n i c i o u s r oo t
,

T h a n s u m m e r s e e m i n g l u s t a n d i t h a th b e e n
-

Th e s w o rd o f o u r s l a i n k i n g s : ye t d o n o t fe a r ;
S c o tl a n d h a th fo i s o n s t o fi ll u p you r w i ll ,

O f y o u r m e r e o wn Al l th e s e a re p o r t ab l e
.
,

W i th o th e r gr ace s we i gh d ’
.

M a l col m B u t I h a ve n o n e : t h e k i n g b e co m i n g gr ace s
.
-

A s j u s t i c e ve r i ty t e m p e r a n c e s t a b l e n e ss
, , , ,

B o u n ty p e rs e ve r a n ce m e r c y l o w l i n e ss
, , , ,

D e vo t i o n p a t i e n c e c o u r age fo r t i t u d e
, , , ,

I h a ve no r e l i s h o f th e m b u t a b o u n d ,

In t h e d i vi s i o n o f e a c h s e ve r a l c r i m e ,

Ac t i n g i t m a n y w ay s Nay h a d I p o w e r I s h ou l d
.
, ,

P o u r t h e s w e e t m i l k o f c o n co rd i n t o h e ll ,

U p r o a r t h e u n i ve rs a l p e a ce c o n fou n d ,

A l l u n i ty o n e a r th .

0 Sco tl a n d Sco tl a n d ! ,

M a l col m If s u c h a o ne b e fi t t o go ve rn s p e ak
.
,

I a m a s I h a ve s p o k e n .

F i t t o go ve r n
No n o t to l i ve —O n at i o n m i s e r ab l e !
,

W i th an u n t i tl e d ty r a n t b l o o d y scept e r d -
’
1 IO M A CB E TH .

W h e n s h a lt th o u s ee thy w h o l e s o m e d ay s agai n ,

S i n ce th a t t h e t r u e s t i ss u e o f thy th r o n e
By h i s o wn i n t e rd i c t i o n s t a n d s acc u rs d ’
,

A n d d o e s b l a s ph e m e h i s b r e e d — T hy r oy a l fa th e r
Was a m o s t s a i n t e d k i n g : t h e qu e e n th a t bo r e th e e ,

O ft e n e r u p o n h e r k n e e s th a n o n h e r fe e t ,
l l O

D i e d e ve r y d ay s h e l i v d — Fa r e th e e w e ll
’
.

T h e s e e vi l s th o u r e pe a t st u p o n thy s e l f ’

H a ve b a ni sh d m e fr o m S co tl a n d — O m y b r e a s t
’
,

T hy h o p e e n d s h e r e !
M a l col m . M ac d u ff th i s n o b l e p a ss i o n , ,

C h i l d o f i n t e gr i ty h a th fro m m y s o u l
,

Wi p d t h e b l ac k s c r u pl e s r ec o nc i l d m y th o ught s
’

,
’

T o thy go o d t r u th a n d h o n o u r D e vi l i s h M a c b e th .

B y m a n y o f th e s e t r a i n s h a th s o ught t o w i n m e
In t o h i s p o w e r a n d m o d e s t w i sd o m pl u c k s m e
,

Fr o m o ve r c r e d u l o u s h a s t e : b u t G o d a b o ve
-

D e a l b e t w e e n th e e a n d m e ! fo r e ve n n o w
I p u t m y s e l f t o thy d i re c t i o n a n d ,

Un s p e a k m i n e o w n d e t ra c t i o n h e re abj u re ,

Th e t a i n t s a n d b l a m e s I l a i d u p o n m y s e l f ,

F o r s t r a n ge rs t o m y n a t u r e I a m ye t .

U n k n o w n t o w o m a n n e ve r wa s fo rsw o r n
, ,

S car ce ly h a ve c ove t e d w h a t was m i n e o wn ,

A t n o t i m e b ro k e m y fa i th w o u l d n o t b e t r a y ,

Th e d e vi l t o h i s fe ll o w a n d d e l i gh t ,

No l e ss i n t ru th th a n l i fe m y firs t fa l s e s p e a k i n g
Was th i s u p o n m y s e l f W h a t I a m t r u ly
.
,

Is th i n e a n d m y p oo r c o u n t r y s t o co m m a n d ;
’

W h i th e r i n d e e d b e fo r e thy h e r e app ro ac h
,
-

O l d S i w a rd w i th t e n th o u s a n d w a r l i k e m e n,
,

A l r e a d y a t a p o i n t wa s s e tt i n g fo r th
, .

No w w e ll t oge th e r a n d t h e c h a n c e o f go o d ne ss
’
,

B e l i k e o u r w a rr a n t e d q u a rr e l ! W hy a r e yo u s i l e n t ?
M a cd ufi f S uc h w e l c o m e a n d u n w e l c o m e th i n gs a t o n ce
T i s h a rd t o r eco n c i l e
’
.
I IZ [T
IA CB E TH

Be cal l
’
d m o th e r b u t ou r gr ave ; w h e r e n o th i n g
ou r , ,

B u t w h o k n o ws n o th i n g i s o n ce s ee n t o s m i l e ;
,

W h e r e s i gh s a nd gr o a n s a n d s h r i e k s th a t r e n t t h e a i r
A r e m a d e n o t m ark d,
w h e r e vi o l e n t s o rr o w s e e m s
’

A m o d e r n e c s t a s y : t h e d e a d m a n s k n e ll
’

Is th e r e s c a r c e as k d fo r wh o ; a n d go o d m e n s l i ve s
’ ’

E x p i r e b e fo r e t h e fl o w e rs i n th e i r c a p s
D y i n g o r e r e th e y s i c k e n .

O r e l a t i on ,

T o o n i c e a nd ye t t oo t r u e !
,

W h a t s t h e n e w e s t gr i e f ’ ?

R oss T h a t o f a n h ou r s a ge d o th h i ss t h e s p e a k e r ;
’
.

E ac h m i n u t e t e e m s a n e w o n e .

M a cd ufi f H o w d oe s m y w i fe ?
R oss W h v w e ll
. .

A n d al l m y c h i l d r e n
R oss . W e ll t oo .

M a cd uf f T h e ty r a n t h as n ot b a t t e r d a t th e i r p e ac e ? ’

R oss N o
. th ey w e r e w e ll at p e ace w h e n I d i d l e ave e m ’
.

fld aca ufi f B e n o t a n i gga r d o f y o u r s p eec h h o w go e s t

’

R oss W h e n I c a m e h i th e r t o t r a n s p o r t t h e t i d i n gs
.
,

W h i c h I h a ve h e a vi ly b o rn e th e r e ra n a ru m ou r
,

O f m a n y w o r thy fe ll o ws th a t w e r e o u t ;
Wh i c h wa s t o m y b e l i e f w i t ne ss d t h e r a th e r ’

F o r th a t I s a w t h e ty r a n t s p o w e r a foo t
’
-

No w i s t h e t i m e o f h e lp ; y o u r e ye i n Sc o tl a n d
W o u l d c r e a t e s o l d i e rs m a k e o u r w o m e n fi gh t
, ,

T o d o ff th e i r d i r e d i s t r e ss e s .

B e t th e i r c o mfo r t
’

We a re c o m i n g th i th e r : gr a c i o u s E n gl a n d h a th
L e nt u s goo d S i w a rd a n d t e n th ou s a n d m e n ;
A n o l d e r a n d a b e tt e r s o l d i e r n o n e
T h a t C h r i s t e n d o m gi ve s ou t .

R oss . W o u l d I co u l d a n sw e r
T h i s co m fo r t w i th t h e l ik e ! B u t I h ave w o rd s
 ACT IV S CE NE 1 1 1 1 1 3
. .

T h a t w o u l d b e h o wl d ’
ou t i n th e d e s er t a i r,

W h e re h e a r i n g s h ou l d not l t h
a c th e m .

W hat co n ce r n th y
e ?

l
Th e ge n e r a c au s e ? or i s i t a fee gr i e f
-

l
D ue t o s o m e s i n g e b r ea s ? t
R oss . No m i n d th t h n s t
a
’
s o e

B ut i n i t s h a r e s s o m e wo e th o u g h t h e a ,
a m i n p rt
P e r t a i n s t o yo u a l o n e .

h f a cd ufi If i t b e m i n e ,

K e e p i t n o t fr o m m e qu i c k ly l e t m e h ave i t
,
.

R oss L e t n o t y o u r e a rs d e s p i s e m y t o n gu e fo r e ve r
.
,

W h i c h s h a ll p o ss e ss th e m w i th t h e h e avi e s t s ou n d
T h a t e ve r ye t th e y h e ard .

M a cd uf f H u m ! I gu e ss a t i t -

R oss Y o u r c a s tl e i s s u rpr i s d y o u r w i fe a n d b ab e s
’
.

S a vage ly s l au gh t e r d t o r e l a t e t h e m a n n e r
’
,

W e r e o n t h e qu a rr y o f th e s e m h r t h er d d e e r
,
’

T o a d d t h e d e a th o f y ou .

M e r c i fu l h e ave n
W h a t m a n n e e r p u ll y ou r h a t u p o n y o u r b r o ws
,
’

G i ve s o rr o w w o rd s : t h e gr i e f th a t d o e s n o t s p e a k
W h i s p e rs t h e o e r— ’
fr au ght h e a r t a nd b i d s i t b r e a k, .

M a cd uf f M y c h i l d r e n t oo ?
R oss . W i fe c h i l d re n s e r va n t s, , ,
al l .

T h a t c ou l d b e fo u n d .

A n d I m u s t b e fr o m th e n ce
M y w ife k il l d t o o
’

R os s . I h a ve s a i d .

M a l col m . B e c o m fo r t e d
L e t s m a k e u s m e d i c i n e s of o ur gr e a t r e ve n ge
’
,

To c u r e th i s d e a d ly g r i e f .

M a cd uf f H e h a s n o c h i l d r e n — A l l m y p r e tty o n e s ?
D id yo u s ay a l l — O h e ll k i t e — A l l ? -

W h a t a l l m y p r e tty c h i c k e n s a nd th ei r d a m
,

A t o n e fe ll S w oop ?
I1 4
M A CH E TH .

M a l col m . Dis p t
u e it l ik e a m an .

I s h a ll d o so ;
B ut I m us t ls a o fe e l it as a m an
I ca n n o t b u t r e m e m b e r s u c h th i n gs w e r e ,

T h a t w e r e m o s t p r ec i o u s t o m e — D i d h e a ve n l o o k o n
.
.

A n d w ou l d n o t t a k e th e i r p a r t ? S i n fu l M a c d u ff ,

T h e y w e re a l l s t r u c k fo r th e e ! n au ght th a t I a m ,

No t fo r th e i r o wn d e m e r i t s b u t fo r m i n e , ,

Fe ll s l au g ht e r o n th e i r s o u l s H e a ve n r e s t th e m n o w !
.

M a l col m B e th i s t h e Wh e t s t o n e o f y o u r s w o rd l e t gr i e f
.

C o n ve r t t o a n ge r ; b l u n t n ot t h e h e ar t e n r age i t , .

M a cd ufi fi O I co u l d pl ay t h e w o m a n w i th m i n e e y e s
, ,

A n d b r a
gg a r t w i th m y t o n g u e — B u t g e n tl e h e a ve n s , ,

C u t s h o r t a l l i n t e r m i ss i o n ; fr o n t t o fro n t
B r i n g th o u th i s fi e n d o f Sco tl a n d a nd m y s e l f ;
W i th i n m y sw o rd s l e n g th se t h i m ; i f h e s c a p e
’

H e a ve n fo r gi ve h i m t oo !
M a l col m . T h i s t u n e goe s m a n ly .

C o m e go we t o t h e k i n g : o u r p o w e r i s r e a d y ;
,

O u r l a c k i s n o th i n g b u t o u r l e a ve M a c b e th .

Is r i p e fo r s h ak i n g a n d t h e p o w e rs a b o ve
,

P u t o n th e i r i n s t r u m e n t s R e ce i ve w h a t c h e e r yo u m ay
.

Th e n i ght i s l o n g th a t n e ve r fi n d s t h e d ay .

SEA L OF E DW A R D THE CO N FESSO R .

1 1 6 M A CB E TH

G en tl ew om a n . N e i th e r t o you n o r a ny o n e , h a vi ng no wi t
n e ss t o c o n firm m y s p ee c h .

E nter L A DY M A C B E T H, w i th a taper

Lo y o u , h T h i s i s h e r ve r y gu i s e ; a nd u p o n
e e sh e c o
r
mes ,

m y l i fe fas t a s l ee p O b s e r ve h e r ; s t a n d c l o s e
,
. .

D octor H o w c a m e s h e b y th a t l i ght ?
.

G entl ewom a n W hy i t s t oo d b y h e r : s h e h a s l i ght by h er

.
,

co n t i n u a lly ;
’
t i s h e r co m m a n d .

D octor Y o u s ee h e r e y e s a r e O p e n
.
,
.

G en tl ew om a n Ay b u t th e i r s e n s e i s s h u t
'

,
. .

D octor W h a t i s i t s h e d o e s n o w ? L oo k h o w s h e r ub s
.
,

h er h a n d s .

Gen tl ew om a n It i s a n a cc u s t o m e d a c t i o n w i th h e r t o
.
,

s e e m th u s w a s h i n g h e r h a n d s : I h ave k n o w n h er co n t i n u e
i n th i s a q u a r t e r o f a n h o u r .

L a dy M a cbeth Y e t h e r e s a s p o t
’
. .

D octor H a r k ! s h e s p e a k s : I w i ll s e t d o w n w h a t c o m e s
.

fro m h e r t o s a t i sfy m y re m e m b r a n c e t h e m o re s t ro n gly

, 3 .
0

L a dy M a cbet h O u t d a m n e d s p o t ! o u t I s ay — O ne : t wo :
.
, ,

w hy th e n t i s t i m e t o d o t — H e ll i s m u rk y — Fi e m y l o rd
,
’ ’
.
, ,

fi e ! a s o l d i e r a n d a fe a rd ? W h a t n e e d we fe a r wh o k n o ws
,

i t w h e n n o n e c a n c a ll o u r p o w e r t o a cc o u n t ? — Y e t wh o
,

w o u l d h ave th o ught t h e o l d m a n t o h ave h a d so m u c h

b l oo d i n h i m ?
D octor D o yo u m a rk th a t ?
.

L a dy M a cbeth Th e th a n e o f F i fe h a d a w i fe : w h e r e i s
.

s h e n o w ? — W h a t w i ll th e s e h a n d s n e e r b e c l e a n — No ’
,

m o r e 0 th a t m y l o rd no m o r e 0 th a t : yo u m ar al l w i th
’
, ,
’

th i s s t ar t i n g . 4 1

D octor G o t o go t o ; yo u h a ve k n o w n w h a t you s h o u l d
.
,

n ot .

G entl ewoma n s p o k e w h a t sh e s h ou l d n o t I a m
. Sh e h as ,

s u r e o f th a t : h e ave n k n o ws w h a t sh e h as k n o w n .

L a dy M a cbeth H e r e s t h e s m e ll O f th e b l o o d s t i ll a l l th e
’
.
 AC T V S CE NE 1
. .
1 1 7

p e rfu m e s of A r ab i a wi l l no t s we e t e n th i s l i ttl h e a nd . Oh ,

o h, o h

D octor . W h at a s i gh i s th e e r Th e h ea r t i s s o r e ly
c h a r ge d . 50

G en tl ew oma n w o u l d n o t h a ve s u c h a h e a r t i n m y
. I
b o s o m fo r t h e d i g n i ty o f t h e w h o l e b o d y .

D octor W e ll w e ll w e ll
.
, , ,

G en tl ew oma n P r ay G o d i t b e s i r
.
,
.

D octor T h i s d i s e a s e i s b e y o n d m y p r a c t i ce : ye t I h a ve
.

k n o wn th o s e w h i c h h a ve w a l k e d i n th e i r s l ee p wh o h a ve
d i e d h o l i ly i n th e i r b e d s .

L a dy M a cbeth W a s h y o u r h a n d s p u t o n y ou r n i ght go w n :
.
,

l oo k no t so p a l e I t e ll you ye t aga i n B a n qu o s b u r i e d ; h e
.
-

,
’

c a n n o t c o m e o u t o n s g r ave
’
.

D octor E ve n so ? .

L a dy M a cbet h T o b e d t o b e d ! th e r e s k n o c k i n g a t t h e
’
.
,

ga t e : c o m e c o m e c o m e c o m e gi ve m e y o u r h a n d What s
'
’
.
, , , ,

d o n e ca n n o t be u n d o n e To bed to b ed to bed ! .
[E x it , ,

D octor W i ll sh e go n o w t o b e d ?
.

G e ntl ew om a n D i r ec tly . .

D octor Fo u l w h i s p e r i n g s a re a b r o a d
. U n n a t u r a l d e ed s .

D o b r ee d u n n a t u r a l t r o u b l e s : i n fe c t e d m i n d s
T o th e i r d e a f p i ll o ws w i ll d i s c h a rg e th e i r s e c r e t s .

M o r e n e e d s s h e t h e d i vi n e th a n t h e phy s i c i a n .

Go G dd o fo r i ve u s a l l — L o o k a ft e r h e r ;
, g
R e m o ve fr o m h e r t h e m e a n s o f a l l a n n o y a n c e ,

A n d s t i ll k ee p e y e s u p o n h e r S o go o d n i ght .
,

M y m i n d s h e h a s m a t e d a n d a m a z d m y s i gh t
’
.
,

I t h i n k b u t d a r e no t s p e ak
. .

G o o d n i ght goo d d o ct o r ,
.

[
E x eu n t
1 1 8 M A CE E TH .

SC E N E II . Th e Cou nt ry n ea r D u ns i n a ne .

D rum a nd col ou r s . E n ter M E N T ITE H, C A II H NE SS, A N G

’ ‘

U S,

L E N N OX , a nd S ldi
o e rs .

M en tei t h . T he En g l is h p
w e r i s n e a r l e d o n by M al co l m
o ,

H i s u n c l e S i w a rd a n d t h e go o d M ac d u ff
,
.

R e ve n ge s b u r n i n th e m ; fo r th e i r d e a r c au s e s
Wo u l d t o t h e b l ee d i n g a nd t h e g r i m a l a r m
E x c i t e t h e m o r t ifi e d m a n .

A ng u s . N e a r B i rn a m w oo d
S h a l l w e w ell m e e t th e m ; th a t w a y are th e y c o m i n g .

Ca i th ness Wh o k n o ws i f D o n a l b a i n b e w i th h i s b r o th e r ?
.

L enn ox F o r c e r t a i n s i r h e i s n o t
.
,
I h a ve a fil e
,
.

O f a l l t h e ge n t ry : th e r e i s S i wa rd s s o n
’
,

A n d m a n y u n r ou g h y o u th s th a t e ve n n o w ,

P ro t e s t th e i r firs t o f m a n h o o d .

M en tei t h . W h a t d o e s t h e ty r a n t ?
Ca i th n es s G re a t D u n s i n a n e h e s t r o n gly fo r t i fi e s
. .

S o m e s ay h e s m a d ; o th e rs th a t l e ss e r h a t e h i m
’
, ,

D o c a ll i t va l i a n t fu ry : b u t fo r c e r t a i n , ,

H e c a n n o t b u c k l e h i s d i s t e m pe r d c a u s e
’

W i th i n t h e b e lt o f r u l e .

A ng u s . No w d oe s h e fe e l
H i s s e c r e t m u r th e r s s t i ck i n g o n h i s h a n d s ;
No w m i n u t e ly r e vo lt s u p b r a i d h i s fa i th b re ac h -

T h o s e h e c o m m a n d s m o ve o n ly i n c o m m a n d ,

N o th i n g i n l o ve ; n o w d o e s h e fe e l h i s t i tl e
H a n g l o o s e a b o u t h i m l i k e a g i a n t s r ob e
,
’

U p o n a d wa r fi s h th i e f .

Wh o th e n s h a ll b l a m e
H i s p e st e r d s e n s e s t o r e c o i l a n d s t a r t
’
,

W h e n a l l th a t i s w i th i n h i m d oe s co n d e m n
It s e l f fo r b e i n g th e r e ?
Ca i th n ess . W e ll m a r c h we o n , ,
1 20 M A CB E TH .

W h e n I b e h o l d — Sey t o n I say —T h i s p u s h ,

W i ll c h e e r m e e ve r o r d i s — e as e m e n o w
,

I h a ve l i v d l o n g e n o ugh : m y w ay o f l i fe
’

Is fa ll e n i n t o t h e s ea r t h e y e ll o w l e af
, ,

A n d th a t w h i c h s h o u l d a cco m p a n y o l d a ge ,

A s h ono u r l o ve o b e d i e n c e t r o o p s o f fr i e n d s
, , , ,

I m u s t n o t l oo k t o h a ve ; b u t i n th e i r s t e a d , ,

C u rs e s n ot l ou d b u t d eep m ou th h o n ou r b r ea th
, ,
-

, ,

W h i c h t h e p oo r h e ar t w ou l d fai n d e n y an d d a r e ,
not .

Seyt o n

E n ter S EYTO N .

S ey ton . W h at ’
s y s r
ou r gr aci ou s pl ea u e ?

W h a t n e ws m o r e ? 30

S ey ton A l l i s co nfir m d m y l o rd w h i c h wa s r e p o r t e d
’
. .
, ,

M a cbeth I l l fi ght t i ll fr o m m y b o n e s m y fl e s h b e h ac k d
’ ’
. .

G i ve m e m y a rm ou r .

T i s n o t n ee d e d ye t
’
.

M a cbeth
’
. I l l pu t i t on .

Se n d ou t h rs s sk i rr t h
m oe o e ,
e cou n t ry ro u n d ;
Ha n g th s th t t l k f f r
o e a a o ea . G i ve m e m i n e a rm ou r .

Ho w d s y r p ti n t d t
oe ou a e , oc o r

No t s i ck m y
so ,

As sh e i s t r o u b l e d w i th th i c k -

co m i ng fa n c i e s ,

Th at k ee p h e r fr o m h e r r e s t .

M a cbeth . r h e r o f th a t C u e .

C a n s t th o u n o t m i n i s t e r t o a m i n d d i se a s d
’
,

P l u c k fr o m t h e m e m o r y a r oo t e d s o rr o w ,

R a z e o u t t h e wr i tt e n t ro u b l e s o f t h e b r a i n ,

A nd w i th s o m e s w e e t ob l i vi o u s a n t i d o t e
C l e a n s e t h e s t u ff d b o s o m o f th a t p e r i l o u s s t uff
’

W h i c h w e i gh s u p o n t h e h e a r t ?
T h ere i n th e p at i e n t
M us t m i n i s t er to h i m se l f .

M a cbeth T h r o w ph y si o t o t h e d ogs I 11 n o n e o f i t
.
,
’
.
 ACT V . S CE NE I V .
1 21

C o m e , p u t m i n e a rm o u r on gi ve m e m y s t ff a .

S y
e t o n ,
s e n d o u t — Doc t o r ,
t he th
an es fl y fr m m o e .

C o m e, d i s p a t ch — If th o u c o u
s i r, oc o .
ca ldst d t r st
, ,

Th e w a t e r o f m y l a nd fi n d h e r d i s e a s e , ,

A n d p u rge i t t o a s o u n d a n d p r i s t i n e h e a lth ,

I w ou l d a ppl a u d th ee t o t h e ve r y ec h o
T h a t s h o u l d a ppl au d aga i n —P u l l t o ff I s ay
,
’
,
.
.

W h a t r h u b arb s e n n a o r w h a t p u rg at i ve d r u g
, , ,

W o u l d s co u r th e s e En gl i s h h e n c e ? H e a r s t th o u o f th e m ? ’

D octor Ay m y goo d l o r d y o u r r oy a l p r e p a r a t i o n
‘

,
.

M a k e s u s h e a r s o m e th i n g .

M a cbeth . Bri n g i t a ft e r m e .

I w i ll n o t be a fr a i d o f d e a th a nd b a n e
T i ll B i r n a m fo r e s t c o m e t o D u n s i n a n e .

D oct or W e r e I fr o m D u n s i n a n e a w a y a n d c l e a r
.
,

Pr o fi t aga i n s h ou l d h ard ly d r a w m e h e r e .

SC E N E IV . Cou ntry nea r B i r na m Wood .

D rum a nd col ou r s . E n ter M A L C O L M , ol d SI W A RD a nd h is

So n , M AC D UF F ,
M EN T ITE H, CA I T H N E SS ,
AN G U S, L E NNo x ,
R os s , a nd S ldio e rs ,
m a r ch i ng .

M a l col m . C o us i n s , I h p o e the d ay s a re n ear at h a nd

T hat c h a m be rs w i ll b e s a fe .

We d o u b t it n o th i n g .

S i wa r d . W h a t w oo d i s th i s b f r
e o e us ?

w oo d of B i rn a m Th e .

M a l col m Le t e ve r y s o l d i e r h e w h i m d o w n a b ough
.
,

A n d b e a r t b e fo r e h i m ; th e r e b y s h a ll we s h a d o w
’

Th e n u m b e rs o f o u r h o s t a nd m a k e d i s co ve r y ,

Er r i n r e p o r t o f u s .

It s h a ll be d o n e .

S i w a r d We l e ar n n o o th e r b u t t h e co n fid e nt ty r a nt
'

K e e p s s t i ll i n D u n s i n a n e a nd w i ll e n d u r e
O u r s e tt i n g d o w n b e fo r e t .
1 22 M A CB E TH .

M a l col m .
’
T is his tn a i n h p o e ;
Fo r w h e re th
r i s a d va n t age t o b e g i ve n
e e ,

B o th m o re a n d l e ss h a ve g i ve n h i m t h e r e vo lt ,

A n d n o n e s e r ve w i th h i m b u t c o n s t r a i n e d th i n gs
W h o s e h e a r t s a r e ab s e n t t oo .

Le t o u r j u s t ce n s u r e s
A tt e n d t h e t r u e e ve n t a nd pu t we o n ,

In d u s t r i o u s s o l d i e rs h i p .

S i war d . Th e t i m e a pp r o ac h e s
T h a t w i ll w i th d u e d ec i s i o n m a k e u s k n o w
W h a t we s h a ll s ay we h ave a n d wh a t we o we .

T h o ught s s p e cu l a t i ve th e i r u n s u r e h o p e s r e l a t e ,

B u t ce r t a i n i ss ue s t r o k e s m u s t a r b i t r a t e
T o w ard s w h i c h a d va n ce t h e wa r [ eu n t ma r ch i ng
E x .
, .

SC E N E V . D u ns i n a ne . Wi th i n t h e Ca s tl e .

E nter M AC B E T H, S E Y TO N, a nd So ldi e rs , w i th d r u m a nd

col ou r s .

M a cbeth H a n g o u t o u r b a n n e rs o n t h e o u t w a rd w a ll s ;
.

T h e c ry i s s t i ll T h e y c o m e ! O u r c a s tl e s s t r e n gth
’ ’

W i ll l a u gh a s i ege t o s co r n ; h e r e l e t th e m l i e
T i ll fa m i n e a nd t h e agu e e a t th e m u p .

W e r e th e y no t fo rc d w i th th o s e th a t s h o u l d b e ou rs
’

We m i ght h a ve m et th e m d a r e fu l b e ard to b e a rd , ,

A n d b ea t th e m b ac kw a rd h o m e [A cry of w omen w i th i n
. .

W h a t i s th a t n o i s e
S ey tan It i s t h e c ry o f w o m e n m y go o d l o rd
.
,
.

M a cbeth I h ave a l m o s t fo rgo t t h e t a s t e o f fe a rs

.

T h e t i m e h as b ee n m y s e n s e s w o u l d h a ve c oo l d
’
,

T o h e a r a n i ght s h r i e k a n d m y fe ll o f h a i r
-

W o u l d a t a d i s m a l t r e a t i s e r o u s e a nd s t i r
A s l i fe w e r e i n t I h a ve s u pp d fu ll w i th h o rr o rs ;
’ ’
.

D i r e n e ss fa m i l i a r t o m y s l aught e r o u s th o ug ht s
, ,

C a n n o t o n ce s t a r t m e .
1 24 M A CE E TH .

To d o u bt t h e e q u i vo c a t i o n o f t h e fi e n d
T h a t l i e s l i k e t r u th : Fe a r no t t i ll Bi r n a m w oo d
‘
,

D o c o m e t o D u n s i n a n e ; a nd n o w a w oo d
’

C o m e s t o w a rd D u n s i n a n e —A rm a rm a nd o u t ! .
, ,

If th i s w h i c h h e a vo u c h e s d oe s a pp e a r ,

T h e r e i s no r fl y i n g h e n ce n o r t a rr y i n g h e r e .

I g i n t o b e a w e a r y o f t h e su n ,

A nd w i s h t h e e s t a t e 0 t h e w o r l d w e r e n o w u n d o n e
’
.

R i n g t h e a l a r u m b e ll — B l o w w i n d c o m e wr a c k !
-

, ,

A t l e a s t we 11 d i e w i th h ar n e s s o n o u r b a c k [
’
E x eu nt .

SC E N E VI . D u nsi na ne . B f
e or e th e Ca stl e .

D r um a n d col ou r s . E nter M A L C O L M , ol d S I W A R D M AC D U F F
, ,

a nd t h ei r A rm y w i th b gh
,
ou s .

M a l col m . No w n e a r e n ou gh y r l vy ou ea s c r ee n s th r o w
d o wn ,

A n d S h o w l i k e th o s e yo u a re — Y o u w o r thy u n c l e , ,

S h a ll w i th m y c o u s i n y o u r r i ght n o b l e so n,
-

L e a d o u r fi r s t b a ttl e ; w o r thy M a c d u ff a n d we
S h a ll t a k e u p o n s w h a t e l s e r e m a i n s t o d o
’

A c co rd i n g t o o u r o rd e r .

S i wa rd . F a r e you w e ll .

D o we b u t fi n d t h e ty r a n t s p o w e r t o n i ht ’

g
-

L e t u s b e b e a t e n i f we c a n n o t fi ght
, .

M a cd uf f M a k e a l l o u r t r u m p e t s s p e a k g i ve th e m al l

b re a th ,

T h os e l
c a m o r ou s h a r b i n ge rs of b l oo d and d e a th .

[
E x eu n t

S C E N E VII . A noth er P a r t o f th e Fi el d .

A l a r u ms . E n ter M A C B E T H .

hf a cbeth T h e y h ave t i e d m e t o a s t a k e ; I ca n n o t fl y
.
,

B u t b e a r l i k e I m u s t fi ght t h e c o u rs e
,
-

, Wh at s h e .
’

T h a t wa s n o t b o r n o f w o m a n ? S uc h a o n e
Am I t o fe a r o r n o n e , .
 ACT V S CE NE V1 ] 1 2 5
. .

E nter y ou ng S I W A RD .

You ng S i w a r d . What is thy n am e

T h ou ’
l t be a fr a i d t o h e a r i t
.
.

You ng S i w a r d . No ; th o ug h th ou cal l st
’
thy s e l f a h ott e n
n am e
Than yani s in h ll e .

M a cbeth . M y n am e
’
s M ac be th .

d e vi l hims lf ld pr
’

ou ng S i wa r d . Th e e cou not o n o u n ce a

t i tl e

M ore h t fl
a e u to mine e ar .

m o r e fe a rfu l
No ,
no r 9 .

You ng S i w a r d . T h ou l i e s t ab h orr e d ty r a n t ; w i th m y s w or d
,
’
I ll pr o ve th e l i e th ou s p ea k s t
’
.

[ y
figh t a nd y ou ng S i wa r d i s sl a i n
Th e , .

M a cbeth . T h o u w a s t b o r n of w o m a n .

B ut sw o rd s I sm i le a t we a p o n s l a ug h t o s c o rn
, ,

B r a nd i sh d b y m a n
’
th a t s of a w o m a n b o r n
’
.

UFF
Al a r u m s . E nter M A C D .

M d f f T h t w y t h n i s i s — T y r n t s h w thy f
ac u a a e o e . a ,
o a ce

If th b st sl i n d w i th s tr k f min
’
ou e a an no o e o e,

My wif d h i l d r n s g h s t s w i ll h n t m s t i ll ’
e an c e o au e .

I ca n n t str iko t wr t h d k rn s w h s
e a rm s e c e e ,
o e a

A re h i r d t b r th i r s t v s i th r th M b th
’
o ea e a e e e ou , ac e ,

O r l s m y s w rd w i th
e e b tto d dg an un a er
’
e e

I s h thea g in nd d d
e a aT h r th u s h l ds t b ;
ee e . e e ou ou e

B y th i s gr t l tt ea f gr t s t n t
c a e r, o n e o ea e o e

S m s br i t d
ee L t m find h im f rt n
u e . e e ,
o u e !

And m or e I b eg not .
[E x i t . A l a r u ms .

E n ter M A L C O L M a nd ol d SI W A RD .

S i wa r d T h i s way m y l or d Th e c a s tl e s
.
, .
’
ge n tly re n d e r
’
d
The ran ty t s p e opl e o n bo th s i d e s d o fi ght ;
’

Th e n ob l e th a n e s d o b r ave ly i n t h e war ;
1 26 M A CB E TTT .

Th e d ay a m o s i s el t t lf pr o e f ss e s y ou rs ,

l ttl
A nd i e i s t o d o .

M a l col m . We h a ve m et wi th foe s
Th at s tri ke bes i d e us .

En t e r , s i r, t he c a s tl e .

[
E x eu n t . Al ar u m .

SC E N E V III . A noth er P a r t f
o th e Fi el d .

E n ter M A C B E T H .

M a cbeth W hy s h l d I pl y t h R m n f l d d i
. ou a e o a oo ,
an e

On min w s w rd
e o Wh i l s I l i v s t h g s h s
n o ? e see e ,
e a e

D b tt r p n th m
o e e u o e .

E t M DU FF n er AC .

T n h ll h n d t r n ur ,
e -

ou ,
u

M b th Of l l m
ac e . l s I h v v i d d th
a en e e a e a o e ee

B t g t th b k ; my s l i t m h h gd ’
u e ee ac ou s oo uc c ar

W i th b l d f th i n
oo l r dy o e a ea .

Ih v w ds ; a e no or

My v i i i n m y s w rd th
o ce s bl d i r vi ll i o ,
ou oo e a n

T h n t rm s
a e gi th t
can ! ve [Th y j i g h t
ee ou e

M b th ac e . Th l s st l b r ou o e a ou .

A s ea s y m y s t th ath int n h nt i ou e re c a a r

W i th thy k n sw rd i m p ss ee m k m bl d
o re as a e e ee
:

L t f ll thy b l d
e a v ln bla r s ts ;
e on u e ra e c e

Ib r ea h rm d l i f w h i h m s t t yi l d
a c a e e, c u no e

To o ne o f wom an b or n .

M a cd uf f i r thy c h a rm Des p a

A n d l e t t h e a n ge l w h o m th ou s t i ll h a s t s e rv d
’

T e ll th e e M ac d u ff w as fro m h i s m o th e r s w o m b
,
’

U n t i m e ly r i pp d ’
.

M a cbeth A c c u rs e d b e th a t t o ngu e t h a t t e ll s m e
. so ,

Fo r i t h a th c o w d m y b e tt e r p a r t o f m a n
’

A n d b e th e s e j u ggl i n g fi e n d s n o m o r e b e l i e v d
’

,
1 28 M A CB E TH

S i wa r d W hy
n God s s ol d i e r b eth e ,
’

H a d I a s m a n y s o n s a s I h a ve a r s h i ,

I w o u l d n o t w i s h th e m t o a fa i r e r d eath ;
A n d so h i s k n e ll i s k n o l l d
’
.

M a l col m H e s w o r th m o r e s o rr o w
’
.
,

A n d th a t I l l s p e n d fo r h i m
’
.

H e s w o r th n o m o r e :
’

T h e y say h e p a r t e d w e ll a n d p a i d h i s s co r e
A n d s o G o d b e wi t h h i m ! H e r e c o m e s n e w e r co m fo r t
'

R e—
enter U
M A C D F F , w i th M A C B E T h d H S
’
ea .

M a cd uf f H a i l k i n g ! fo r so th o u ar t
,
e o e e an d s . B h ld wh r st ,

Th e u s u r p e r s c u rs e d h e a d ; t h e t i m e i s fr e e
’
.

I see th e e co m pa ss d w i th thy k i n gd o m s p e a r l
’ ’
,

T h a t s p e a k m y s a l u t a t i o n i n th e i r m i n d s ;
W h o s e vo i ce s I d e s i r e a l ou d w i th m i n e
H a i l K i n g o f Sc o tl a n d
,

H a i l K i n g o f Sco tl a n d ! [Fl ou r i sh
,

M a l col m We s h a ll n o t S p e n d a l a rge e x p e n s e o f t i m e
. 60

B e fo r e we r e c k o n w i th y ou r s e ve r a l l o ve s ,

A n d m a k e u s e ve n w i th yo u M y th a n e s a n d k i n sm e n
.
,

H e n ce fo r th b e e ar l s t h e fi rs t t h a t e ve r S c o tl a n d
,

In s u c h a n h o n o u r n a m d W h a t s m o re t o d o
’ ’
.
,

W h i c h w o u l d b e pl a n t e d n e w ly w i th t h e t i m e ,

A s c a ll i n g h o m e o u r e x i l d fri e n d s ab r oa d
’

T h a t fl e d t h e sn a re s o f w a t c h fu l ty r a n n y ,

Pr o d u c i n g fo r th t h e c r u e l m i n i s t e rs
O f th i s d e a d b u t c h e r a n d h i s fi e n d l i k e q u e e n -

Wh o a s t i s th o ught by s e l f a n d vi o l e n t h a n d s
,
’
,

T o o k o ff h e r l i fe — th i s a nd w h a t n e e d fu l e l s e
, ,

T h a t c a ll s u p o n u s b y t h e g r a ce o f G ra ce
,

We w i ll p e rfor m i n m e a s u r e t i m e a n d pl ace , ,

S o th a n k s t o a l l a t o n ce a n d t o e ac h o ne
, ,

W h o m we i n vi t e t o s ec u s crown d a t Scon e
_
’
.

E xeu n t .
NO T E S .
 A B B R E V IA T IO NS U S E D IN T H E NO T ES .

Ab b o tt ( Abb o tt ’
S h a k e spe a r i a n G r a m m a r ( th i r d ed i ti )
x
or s on .

A S . .
, A ng l o Sa on
-
.

A V . .
, Au th o r i z e d Ve r s i o n o f t h e ib B l e

B . and F .
, B e a u m on and F e c e r t lth .

B . J o n so n .

C , C ra i k s E ng l i s h of S h a h espe a r e ( o fe ’ s e d i i on )
’
R l t
W
. .

C am b cd , C a m b r i d g e e d i i
. o n
”
o f S h a k e spea r e , e d i
. t t ed by C l ark a n d ri g ht .

C f ( co nf e r ) , co m ar e
. p .

Co ll .
, Co ier ll .

Co ll MS M a n u s cr i pt C ti o n s of F l
Se c o n d o i o , e d i e d b y C o i e r t ll
x
. .
, o r re c .

C P . . ed .
, C l a re n d o n P r es s ” t
e d i i o n o f M a cbe t h ( O fo r d ,

D .
, Dy ce .

F .
Q .
, S p en se r s
’
F a er i e Q u ee n e .

F urness,
“
Ne w Va r i o ru m ” ed i ti on o f M a cbe t h ( P i hl ad e l phi a,

H .
, H u d so n .

H en V . III .
( fo ll w d b y o e r e fe r e n c e to pa g e ) , R lf o e s edi
’
ti on o f H en ry VIII .

H un t e r, J ose ph H t u n er s
’
New Il l u s t r a t i on s , etc .
(see p .
3 2 , fo o t -
no e t ) .

Id ( i d e m ) , t h e s a m e
. .

J C ( fo o w e d b y r e fe r e n ce t o pa g e ) ,
. .
’
ll
o fe s e d i i o n o f 7 n l i u s Ce R l t sa r .

J t
H u n e r, o n H u n e r s e d i i o n o f M a cbe t h ( o n d on ,
.
’
J h t t L
K , Kn i g
. ht .

M a t z n e r E ng l i s h G r a m m a r ra n s b y G r e ce ( o n d o n ,
, , t . L
M en ’
R l
o fe s e d i i o n of Th e fl i e r ch a n t of
, Ve n i ce t .

M ob e r ly
C E M o b e r y s e d i t i o n o f [Ma c be t h ( o n d on , l ’
L
W
.
, .

N ar e s , G l ossa ry , e d i ed t by H a i we ll ll and r i gh t (L o n d on ,

P r o og u e l .

Ri ch . II .
( fo ll owed by f
r e e r e n ce t o pa g e ) , R lfo e s ed i
’
ti on o f R i cha r d 1 1 .

S , S ak e s e a r e
. h p .

h t ’
S c m i d , A S c h m i d s S h a h e spe a r e L e x i c o n ( . t -

B lin er ,

S e hp Kal , S en ser s S heph e r d s Ka l e n d ’a r

’
. . p '
.

S r , S i ng e r
. .

St S t t
T
.
, aun on .

em p ( fo ll o we d bv r e fe r e n c e to p a g e) R lf ’
e s ed i ti on o f Th e Te m pest
T
.
, o .

T h e o . h e ob a d l .

V Ve r pl a n ck .

Wh t
.

W i
Wl W Wl
.
,
e .

a k er, m . S id n e y a ker
’
s C r i t i ca l E x a m i n a t i on ( y
'

th e Tex t o f S h a h espea r e

(L o nd o n,

W W a rb a rb u r t o n

W W
.
.
,

e i ss, IV i t , H m or d S h a k e spe a r e , b y J oh n e i ss ( B os t on,

W t
u ,
a n

W b eb s e r s
’
Di t i o n a ry ( r e i s e d q u a r ov t ed t
i i on of

W
.
,
c

W o re , o rce s e r s t Di ’
ct i onar y (q t ti
u a r o ed i on ) .

Th e a bb r e vi ti a o ns o f the nam es o f Sh k p a es ea r e s
’
P ly a s wi ll b e r ea d i ly u n d e rs o o d t ; as
T . Nfo r Tw e lf t h Ni g h t , C o r fo r C o r i ol a n u s , 3 H e n V] fo r Th e Th i r d P a r t of Ki ng
.
. . .

H e n ry th e S i x th , et c P P r e fe r s t o Th e P a s s i o n a t e P i l g r i m V a n d A t o Ve n u s . . . .

o er s C ompl a i n t ; a n d S o n n t o t h e S on n e t s
’
a n d /1 d o n i s ; L C to L v . . . .
1 32
NO TE S .

t l em en b or n e .
’
T h e r e wa s th e re fo r e gr e a t m u r m u r i ng a t s uc h r i go r o u s
r e fo r m s . B ut,
‘
In t i m e t h e k i ng [D u ffe ] fe l l i n t o a l a ngu i s h i ng d i se as e
t h e m e ane ,

n o t s o g re e u o u s a s s t ra n g e fo r t h a t n n e o f h i s phy s i c i a n s c o u l d p e r c e i u e
,
o

w h a t t o m ak e o f i t F o r t h e r e w a s s c e n e i n h i m no t o k e n th a t e i th e r
.
,

c h o l e r m e l a n c h o l i e fl egm e o r a n
, y o th e r vi c i o u s h u m o r d i d a ny t hi ng
, ,

a b o u n d w h e r e b y h i s b o d i e s h o u l d b e b r o u g h t i n t o s uc h d e ca i e a n d c o n
,

s u m pti o n (s o a s t h e re r e m a i ne d vn n e t h * a n i e t hi ng vpo n h i m sa u e s k i n

and bone ) .

‘
A nd ith e ns i t a pp e a r e d m a ni fe s tl i e b y a l l ou t w ard s i g n e s a n d t o
s
k e n s th a t n a t u r a l ] m o i s t u r e d i d n o t hi ng fa il e i n t h e vi t a l ] s pi r i t s h i s
, ,

c o l o u r a l so w a s fre s h a n d fa i r e t o b e h o l d w ith s u c h l i u e l i n e s o f l o o k s , ,

t h a t m o r e was n o t t o b e w i s h e d fo r ; h e h a d a l s o a t e m p e r a r d e s i r e a nd
a pp e ti t e t o hi s m e a t e d r i nk e b u t y e t c o u l d h e n o t s l e e pe i n t h e n i g ht ,

ti m e b y a ny p ro u o cat i o ns t h a t c o u l d b e d e u i s e d b u t s ti l l fe l l i n t o e x ce e d ,

i ng s we a t s w h i c h b y n o m e a ns m i g h t b e re s t r e i ne d
, T h e p hy s i c i a n s p e r .

ce i u i ng a l l th e i r m e d i c i n e s t o wa n t d u e e ffe c t y e t t o p u t h i m i n s o m e ,

c o m fo r t o f h e l p e d e c l are d t o h i m th a t t h e y w o u l d s e n d fo r s o m e c u n n i ng
,

p hy s i c i a ns i n t o fo r r e i g n e p a r t s wh o h a ppi l i e b e i ng i n u r e d w i t h s u c h k i nd
,

o f d i s e a se s s h o u l d e as i l i e c u r e h i m n a m e l i e s o s o o n e a s t h e s p r i ng O f t h e
, ,

y ea re w as o n c e c o m e w hi c h o f i t se l fe s h o u l d h e l p e m u c h t h e r vn t o
’
, .

“
T h e C h r o n i c l e go e s o n t o s t a t e th a t t h e k i ng b e i n g s i ck e y e t h e r e ‘

g a r d e d i u s t i c e t o b e e x e c u t e d a n d th a t a r e b e l l i o n w h i c h a r o s e w a s k e pt
’
,

fr o m h i s k n ow l e d ge fo r d o u b t o f i n cr e as i ng h i s s i ck ne s It t h e n pr o
’
.
,

c ee d s
‘
B u t ab o u t th a t p r e s e n t ti m e th e re w as a m u r m u r i ng a m o ngs t t h e -

p e o pl e , h o w t h e k i ng w a s v e x e d w i th n o n a t u i a l l s i ck n e ss e , b u t by so r
c e r i e a n d m a g i ca l ] a 1 t , p 1 a ct i s e d b
y a s o r t O f W i t c h e s d w e l li ng i n a t o wn e
o t M u n e l a n d c a l l e d F 0 1 es
y .

W h e re vp o n, a l be i t t h e au th o r o f th i s s e cre t t a l k e was n o t k n ow ne
y e t be i ng b r o u gh t t o t h e k i ngs c ar e , i t cau s e d h i m t o s e n d fo o r t h w i t h
c e r t e i n e w itti e p e rs o ns t hi th e r , t o i n q u i r e o f t h e t r u th T h e y t h a t w e re .

t h u s s e n t , d i sse m b l i ng t h e ca u s e o f t h e i r i o r n i e , we r e r e ce i u e d i n t h e
d a r k e o f t h e n i g h t i n t o t h e c as t e l l o f F o r e s b y t h e l i e u t e n a n t O f th e s a m e ,
c a l l e d D o n w a l d , w h o co n ti n u i n f i th f l ] t o t h e k i ng , h a d k e pt th a t cas ~
g a u

t e l l aga i ns t t h e re b e l s t o t h e k i ngs vs e V n t o h i m t h e re for e th es e m e s .

s e n ge r s d e c l a r e d t h e c a u s e o f t h e i r c o m m i n , r e q u i r i ng h i s a i d fo r t h e
g
a cc o m pl i s h m e n t o f t h e k i n s pl e a s u r e
g .

T h e s o u l d i e r s , w h i c h l a i e t h e r e i n ga r r i s o n h a d a n i nk l i n g th a t
‘

th e r e w a s s o m e s u c h m a tt er i n h a n d as w as t a l k e d of a m o ngs t t h e p e o
p l e ; b y r eas o n th a t o n e o f th e m k e pt a s co n c u b i ne a o o ng w o m an , y
w h i c h w a s d a u g ht e r t o o n e o f t h e w i t c h e s a s h i s p a r a m o u r , w h o t o l d h i m
t h e w h o l e m a n e r vs e d b
y h i r m ot h er o th e r h i r co m p a n i o n s , w i th th e i r

i n t e n t a l s o , w hi c h w a s t o m a k e a wai e t h e k i ng T h e s o u l d i e r h a u i ng .

l e ar ne d thi s o f h i s l e m m a n, r t o l d t h e s a m e t o h i s fe l l o w e s , w h o m a d e r e
’

S c ar c e ly h ar d ly Cf VI i i 4 8 : H
U
, . . 2 en . . . .

ne a t h m a y sh e e n d u r e t h e fl i n t y s r e e s t t
T o re a d t em wl tll h er th
e n d e r fe e i ng fe e
’
t -

l t .

1 L em a n ; i . e . mis t ress, p aramo ur . Cf T. . N . 11 .

3 . 26 2 H en I V v 3 4 9
. . . . .
 IN TR OD U C TION 1 33

p o r t t o D o nwal d a nd h e e s h e we d i t t o t h e k i ngs m e ss e nge rs a nd th e r

, ,

w i t h s e n t fo r t h e y o o ng d a m o s e l l w h i c h t h e s o u l d i e r k e pt a s th e n b e i ng ,

w i thi n t h e cas t e l l a nd c a u s e d h i r vp o n s t r e i c t e x a m i n a ti o n t o c o n fe ss e
,

t h e w h o l e m a tt e r a s s h e h a d s c e n e a nd k n e w W h e re vp on l e ar n i ng b y .

h i r c o n fe ss i o n i n w h a t h o us e i n t h e t o wn e i t w a s w h e r e t h e y w ro u g h t
t h e r e m i s c h i e fo u s m ys t e r i e h e s e n t fo o r t h so u l d i e r s a b o u t t h e m i d d e s t
, ,

o f t h e n i g h t w h o b re a k i n g i n t o t h e h o us e fo u n d o n e o f t h e ,
i 3 3 2
,

w it c h e s r os ti ng vp o n a w o o d d e n b r o c h a n i m a ge o f w a x a t
. . .

t h e fi e r r e s e m b l i ng i n e a c h fe a t u r e t h e k i n gs p er s o n m a d e a n d d e u i se d
, ,

( as i s t o b e t h o ug ht ) by cra ft a nd a r t o f t h e d i u e l l a n o th e r o f t h e m s a t
r e c i ti ng c e r t e i n e w o r d s o f i n c h a n t m e nt a n d s ti ll b a s t e d t h e i m a e w i t h
g
a ce r t e i ne l i q u o r ve ri e b u s i l i e
,

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.

g i t h e r w i th t h e i m age a n d l e d th e m i n t o t h e c as t e l l w h e r e be i n g s t e i ct
, , r

l i e e x a m i n e d fo r w h a t p u r p os e t h e y we n t ab o u t s u c h m a nne r o f i n c h a n t
m e n t t h ey a n sw e r e d t o t h e e n d t o m a k e a wa y t h e k i ng : fo r a s t h e
, ,

i m age d i d was t e a fo re t h e fi re s o d i d t h e b od i e O f th e k i ng b re a k e fo o r t h ,

i n s we a t * A n d a s fo r t h e wo r d s of i n ch a n t m e n t th e y s e r u e d t o k e e pe
.
,

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, ,

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: ,

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i mm e d i a t l i e fo l l o w S o w e r e th e y t a u g ht by e u i l l s p i r it s a n d h i re d t o
.
-

w o r k e t h e fe a t by t h e n o b l e s o f M u r r e y l a n d T h e s t a n d e r s by t h a t h e a r d .
,

s u c h a n a b h o m i n ab l e t a l e t o l d b
y t h e s e Wi t c h es s t r e i gh t w a i e s b r ak e t h e ,

i m age and ca u se d t h e w i t c h es (accor d i ng as t h e y h a d we ll cl ese r u e d ) t o

,

b e e b u r n t t o d e a th .

It w a s s a i d th a t t h e k i ng a t t h e ve r i c s a m e ti m e th a t t h ese t hi ngs .

w e r e a d o o i n g w it h i n t h e c as t e l l o f F o res w as d el i u e r e d o f h i s l a n gu o r , ,

a n d s l e p t th a t n i h t w ith o u t a n i e s we a t b r e a k i n
g g fo o r t h vp o n h i m a t a l l ,

t h e n e xt ( l a i e b e i ng r e s t o re d t o h i s s t r e n g th w a s a b l e t o d o o a n i e m a n er ,

o f thi n
g th a t l a y i n m a n t o d o o as t h o u g h h e h a d n t b e e n e s i c k e b e fo r e ,
o

a n i e t hi n B u t h o ws o e u e r i t c am e t o p a sse t r u t h i t i s th a t w h e n
g a t al l .
, ,

h e was r e s t o re d t o h i s p e r fe c t h e a l th h e ga th e r e d a p o w e r o f m e n w i th , ,

t h e s a m e w e n t i n t o M u r r e y l a n d a ga i ns t t h e r e b e l s th e r e a n d c h as i n g ,

th e m fro m th e n ce h e p u r s u e d th e m i n t o R o ss e a n d fro m R o ss e i n t o
, ,

C a t h n e sse w h e r e a pp r e h e n d i ng th e m h e b r o u g h t t h e m b a ck e vu t o F o r e s
, , ,

a n d th e re ca u s e d t h e m t o b e h a ng e d vp o n g a l l o ws a n d g i b e t s , .

‘
A m o n ge st t h e m th e r e w e r e a l s o ce r t e i ne y o o ng ge n tl e m e n r i g h t ,

b e a u ti fu l ] a n d g o o d l i e p e rs o n age s b e i ng n e e r e o f k i n vn t o D o n wa l d c a p ,

t e i n e o f t h e ca s t e l l a n d h a d b e e n e p e r s u a d e d t o b e p a r t a k e rs w i th t h e
,

o th e r r e b e l s m o r e t h ro u g h t h e fr a u d u l e n t co u n s e l ] o f d i ue r s e w i ck e d
,

p e r so ns th a n o f t h e i r o wn e a cco rd ; W h e re vp o n t h e fo r e s a i d D o n w a l d
,

So t h e wi t hic n Th e oc ri u s t me lt s a wa x en i m a ge , a n d sa y s

éy a; a i m Ou tfl o w r ci
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2
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U no eo d e m q u e t D a ph m s a m o re

xv
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a so H orace , E pod . i i 76 . and S a t i 8 3o . . . .
1 34
N O TE S .

l amen ti n g th e i r c se m a d e e a n es t l ab o r a n d s u t e t o t h e k i ng t o h a u e
a ,
r

b egge d th e i r p ar d o n b u t h a u i ng a pl a i n e d e n i a l ] h e c o n ce i u e d s u c h n
,
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i nwa rd m al i c e t o wa rd s t h e k i ng ( th o u g h h e s h e we d i t n o t o u t war d l i e t a

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,

n o t t il ] th r o u g h s e tt i n g o n o f h i s w i fe a n d i n r e u e nge o f s u c h vn t h a n k e
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fu l n es s e h e e fo u nd m e a ne s t o m u r th e r t h e k i ng w it hi n t h e fo r e sa i d c as
,
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t e l l o f Fo re s w h e r e h e vs e d t o s o i o u r ne F o r t h e k i ng b e i ng i n t h a t
.

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,

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, ,

p e ct e d .

B u t D o nwa l d , n o t fo rge tti ng t h e r e p r o ch w h i c h hi s l i nage h a d s u s

t e i ne d b y t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h o s e h i s k i ns m e n , w h o m e t h e k i ng fo r a S p e c
t ac l e t o t h e p e opl e h a d ca u s e d t o be h a nge d , c o u l d n o t b u t s h e w m a n i fe s t
t o k e ns o f gr e a t g r i e fe a t h o m e a m o ngs t hi s fa m i l i e w hi ch h i s w i fe pe r
ce i u i ng , c e a s se d n o t t o t r a u e l l w i th h i m , t i l l s h e vn d e rs t o o d w h a t t h e
W hi c h a t l e ng t h w h e n s h e h ad l e ar n e d by
‘

c a u s e w as o f h i s d i s pl e as u r e .

h i s o w ne r e l a ti o n , s h e a s o n e th a t b a r e n o l e ss e m a l i c e i n h i r h e a r t t o
w a r d s t h e k i ng, fo r t h e l i k e ca u se o n h i r b e h a l fe , th a n h i r h u sb a n d d i d
fo r hi s fr i e nd s , co u n se l l e d h i m ( s i th t h e k i ng o ft e n ti m es vs e d t o l o d ge i n
h i s h o u se w i th o u t a n i e ga r d a b o u t hi m , o th e r th a n t h e ga r r i s o n o f t h e
ca s t e l l , w hi c h w a s w h o l i e a t h i s c o m m a n d e m e n t ) t o m a k e h i m a w a i e , a n d

s h e w e d h i m t h e m e a n e s w h e r by h e m i g h t s o o n es t a c co m pl i s h i t .

D o n wa l d th u s b e i ng t h e m o r e k i n d l e d i n w r a t h b y t h e wo r d s o f hi s
w i fe , d e t e r m i n e d t o fo l l o w h i r a d u i se i n t h e e x e cu ti o n o f s o h e i n o us a n
a ct . W h e r vp o n d e u i s i ng wi t h h i m s e l fe fo r a whi l e , w hi c h w ay h e e m i ght
b es t a c co m pl i s h hi s c u rs s e d i n t e n t , a t l e ng t h h e g a t o p p o r t u ni t i e , a n d
s p e d h i s p u r p ose as fo l l o we th . It c h a n ce d t h a t t h e k i ng vp o n t h e d a i e
b e fo r e h e p u r p os e d t o d e p a r t fo o r t h O f th e cas t e l l , wa s l o n g i n h i s o r a t o r i e
a t h i s p r a i e r s , a n d th e re c o n ti n u e d ti l l i t w as l a t e i n t h e n i h t A t the
g .

l a s t , co m m i ng fo o r t h , h e ca ll e d s u c h a fore hi m a s h a d fa i t h fu l l i e s e r ue d
h i m i n p u rs u t e a n d a pp r e h e ns i o n o f t h e r e b e l s , a nd gi u i ng t h e m b e a t ti e
t h a n k s , h e b e s t o w e d s u nd r i e h o n o r ab l e g i ft s a m o ngs t t h e m , O f t h e w hi c h
n u m b e r D o n w a l d w a s o n e as h e th a t h a d b ee n e e u e r a cc o u n t e d a m o s t
,

fa i th fu l ] s e r u a n t t o t h e k i ng .

A t l e ng th , h a u i n g t a l k e d w it h th e m a l o ng t i m e , h e go t h i m i n t o h i s
r i u i e c h a m b e r , o n e l i e w i t h t wo o f h i s c h a m b e r l a i n s , w h o h a u
i 7 63 p
i ng b r o u g h t h i m t o be d , ca m e fo o r t h ag a i ne , a n d th e n fe l l t o
. . .

b a n k e t t i ng w i th D o n w a l d a n d h i s w i fe , wh o h a d p r e p ar e d d i u e r s e d e l i
ca t e d i s h e s , a n d s u n d r i e s o r t s o f d r i n k s fo r th e i r r e a r e s u pp e r o r c o l l a

y
t i o n, w h e r a t th e y s a t e vp s o l o ng, t il l t h e h a d c h arge d th e i r s t o m ac h s
w ith s u c h fu l l go r ge s , t h a t t h e i r h e a d s w e r e n o s o o n e r g o t t o t h e p i l l o w ,
b u t as l e e pe th e y w e r e s o fa s t , th a t a m a n m i g h t h a u e r e m o o u e d t h e c h a m
b er o u e r t h e m , s o o n e r th a n t o h a u e a wa k e d th e m o u t o f t h e i r d r o o n k e n
s l e e pe .

‘
T h e n D o nw a l d , th o u g h h e a b h o rr e d t h e a c t g r e a t l i e i n h i s h e a r t ,
ye t th r o u g h i ns ti g a ti o n o f h i s w i fe , h e e c a l l e d fo u r e o f h i s se r u a n t s v n t o
h i m ( w h o m e h e h a d m a d e p r i u i e t o h i s w i c k e d i n t e n t b e fo re , a n d fr a m e d
t o h i s p u r p os e w ith l a r g e g i ft s ) a n d n o w d e cl a r i n g v u t o t h e m , a ft e r w h a t
s o r t th e y s h o u l d wo r k e t h e fe a t , th e y
gl ad l i e O be i e d h i s i n s t r u c ti o ns , 8
'
1 36
NO TE S .

w i nd e s ith l i g h t e n i ngs a nd t e m p e s t s th a t t h e p e o pl e we r e i n gr e a t
a ro s e, w ,

fe a r e o f p re s e n t d e s t r u c ti o n pp —1 1 ) l ’ ae
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s o m e o f t h e d e t a il s a n d a cce s so r i e s o f h i s t ra g e d y a n d w e n o w t ui n t o

t h e h i s t o r y o f t h e h e r o hi m s e l f M acb e t h B u t t h e r e i s o n e o th e r i n c i d e n t
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h a v e l e ft a n u ns t a i ne d n a m e h a d n o t t h e a m b iti o n t o h a v e h i s s o n s u c
ce e d h i m t e m pt e d hi m t o p o i s o n s e c r e tl y h i s n e p h e w M a l c o m e t h e s o n ,

o f D u ff a n d t h e h e i r a pp a re n t t o t h e t h r o n e K e n n e t h th e n o b t a i n e d .

fr o m a c o u n c i l a t S c o n e t h e 1 a t i fi c a t i o n o f h i s s o n a s h i s s u c c e s s o r
T h u s m i g ht h e s e e m e h a ppi e t o a l l m e n c o n ti n i 1 e s H o l i n s h e d ( p
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l i v e n co n ti nu a l ] fe a e l e as t h i s w i c k e d p t a ct i s e co n ce rn i ng t h e d e a th o t
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s l e e p 11 0 m o r e A n d ( a s t h e fa m e g oe th ) i t c h a n ce d th a t a v o i ce w a s
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h e a rd as h e w as i n b e d i n t h e n i g h t ti m e t o t a k e h i s r e s t vt t e ri ng v u t o ,

h i m th es e o r t h e l i k e w o o r d s i n e ffe c t T h i n k e n o t K e nn e t h th a t t h e :
“

w i ck e d s l a u g ht e r o f M a l co m e D u ffe b y th e e co n t r i e d i s k e pt s e cr e t fro m u ,

t h e k no w l e d ge o f t h e e t e r n a l ] G o d &c T h e k i ng w i th thi s v o i c e , .

b e i ng s t r i k e n i n t o gr e a t d r e a d a n d t e r ro r p a s se d th a t n i g h t w i th o u t a n i e ,

s l e e p e co m m i n i n h is e ies
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g .

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s u c ce e d e d hi s n e p h u e D u n ca n e , t h e s o nn e o f h i s d a u ht e r B e a
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t r i ce fo r M a l co l m e h a d t wo d a ug ht e rs , t h e o n e w h i c h was t hi s B e a t r i c e ,
b e i ng g i u e n i n m a r r i age v u t o o ne A b b a na t h C r i n e n, a m a n o f g re a t 11 0
b i l i t i e , a n d th a n e o f t h e Is l e s a n d w e s t p a r t o f S c o tl a n d , b a r e o f th a t
m a r i a g e t h e fo r e s a i d D u n ca n e ; T h e o th e r ca l l e d D o a d a , w a s m a r i e d
vnt o S i n e l l t h e t h a n e o f G l a m m i s , b w h o m e s h e h a d i ss u e o n e
i 3 71 y
M a k b e t h a v a l i a n t g e n tl e m a n , a n d o ne th a t i f h e h a d n o t b e e n e
. . .

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ll
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 INTR OD U C TION 1
37

so m e w hat cru e l] m i gh t h a u e b e e n e th o u g h t m o s t wo o r t h i e t h e
o f na t u i e ,

o u e rne m en t o f a 1 e a l m e O n t h e o th e 1 p a 1 t , D u n c a n e w as s o s o ft a n d
g .

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t h e s e t w o c o u s i ns t o h a u e be e ne s o t em p e r e d a n d e n t e r ch a nge a b l i e b e
s t o w e d b e t w ix t th e m , t h a t w h e r e t h e o n e h a d t o o m u c h c l e m e n c i e , a n d

t h e o th e r o f c1 ue l t i e , t h e m e a n e v e r t u e b e t w i xt t h e s e t wo e xt re m it i es
m i g h t h a ue r e i g ne d b y i n d i ffe t e n t p a1 t 1 t 1 o n i n t h e m b o th , s o s h o u l d D u n
c a n e h a u e p r o u e d a w o o 1 t hi e k i n g, a nd M a k b e t h a n e x ce l l e n t c a p t e i n e
q t
.

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a n i e n o t a b l e t 1 o u b l e ; b u t a ft e r i t w as p e t ce i u e d h o w ne g l i e n t h e wa s i n
g
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t t o u b l e t h e p e a ce a nd q u i e t s t a t e o f t h e co m m o n w e a l th , b y s ed iti o u s
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c o m m o ti o ns w h i c h rs t h a d t h e i 1 b e g i n n i n gs 1 11 th i s w i s e.

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'

q
S t e w a t d s l S d e s ce n d e d , t h e w h i c h b y o r d e r o f l i n age h a t h no w fo r a l o ng
t i m e i ni o i e d t h e c ro w ne o f S co tl a n d , e ne n ti l ] t h e se o ur d a i e s , a s h e
g a th e re d t h e fi n a n c e s d u e t o t h e k i ng , a n d fur th e r p u n i s h e d s o m e w h a t

s h a r pe l i e s u c h a s w e r e n o t o r i o u s o ffe n d o rs , b e i ng a ss a il e d b y a n u m b e r o f
r e b e l s i n h a b iti ng i n th a t co u n t r i e , a n d s p o il e d o f t h e m o n i e a n d a l l o th e r

t h i ngs , h a d m u ch a d o o t o ge t a wa i e w i t h l i fe , a ft e r h e h a d re ce i u e d s u n
d r i e g r i e u o u s wo u n d s a m o ngs t t h e m . Y e t e s c a p i ng th e i r h a n d s , a ft e r
h e e w as s o m e w h a t r e c o u e r e d o f hi s h u r t s a n d w as a b l e t o r i d e , h e r e
p a i re d t o t h e co u r t , w h e r e m a k i ng h i s co m pl a i n t t o t h e k i ng i n m o s t
e a r n e s t w i s e , h e p u r c h a s e d a t l e n g t h t h a t t h e o ffe n d o rs w e r e s e n t fo r b
y
a s e r g e a n t a t a r m e s , t o a p p e a r e t o m a k e a ns w e r vn t o s u c h m a t t e r s a s

s h o u l d b e l a i d t o th e i r c h a r ge : b u t th e y a u m e n ti n
g g th e i r m i s ch i e fo u s
a c t w ith a m o re w i c k e d d e e d , a ft e r th e y h a d m i s u s e d t h e m e s s e n e r w i t h
g
s u n d r i e k i n d s o f r e p r o c h e s , t h e y fi na l l i e s l u e hi m a l s o .

T h e n d o u b ti ng n o t b tt t fo r s u c h co n t e m pt u o u s d e m e a no r ag a i n s t
y
t h e k i n gs r e ga l ] a u t h o r i t i e , t h e s h o u l d b e i n u a d e d w it h a l l t h e p o we r t h e
k i ng co u l d m a k e , M a k d o wa l d o ne o f gr e a t e s ti m a ti o n a m o ng th e m , m a k
fi
i n g rs t a c o n fe d e r a ci e w i th h i s n e e r e s t fr i e nd s a n d k i n s m e n t o o k e vpo n
,

h i m t o b e c h i e fe ca p t e i n e o f a l l s u c h r e b e l s , a s w o u l d s t a n d aga i ns t t h e
k i ng, i n m a i n t e n a n ce o f th e i r gr i e u o us o ffe ns e s l a t e l i e c o m m i tt e d a ga i n s t
him . M a n i e s l an d ero u s w o r d s a l s o , a n d r a i l i ng t a n t s th i s M a k d o wa l d
vt t e r e d a g a i ns t hi s p r i n c e , ca l l i n g h i m a fa i n t h e ar t e d m i l k e s o p, m o r e m e e t
-

t o go u e r n e a s o r t o f i d l e m o o n k s i n s o m e C l o i s t e r , th a n t o h a u e t h e r u l e
o f s u c h v a l i a n t a n d h a r d i e m e n o f wa r re a s t h e S co t s w e re . H e vs e d
a l s o s u c h s u b til l p e r s u a s i o n s a n d fo r g e d a l l u r e m e n t s , th a t i n a s m a l l ti m e

h e h a d g o tt e n t o g i t h e r a m i g h t i e p o we r o f m e n : fo 1 o u t o f t h e w es t e i ne
Is l es t h e t e ca m e vn t o h i m a gt e a t m u l ti t u d e o f p e o pl e , o ffe 1 1 n rr
i 2 14
t h e m s e l u e s t o a s s i s t h i m i n th a t r e b e ll i o us q t 1 ar e l l , a nd o u t o f
. . .

Ire l a nd 1 11 h o p e o f t h e s p o i l e ca m e 11 0 s m a l l n u m b e r o f Ke t ne s a n d G a l
l o g l ass es , o ffe r i ng g l a d l i e t o s e r u e vnd e r h i m , w hit h e r i t s h o u l d pl e as e
h i m t o l e a d th e m .

M ak d o w a l d t h u s h a n i ng a m i gh t i e p u i s san c e ab o u t h i m , i n co u n t e re d
w i th s u c h o f t h e k i ngs p e o pl e as w e r e s e n t a ga i n s t h i m i n t o L o c h q n h a
b e r, a n d d i s c o m fi t i ng th e m , by m e re fo r c e t o o k e th e i r c a pt e i ne M a l c o l m e ,
a n d a ft e r t h e e n d o f t h e b a t t e l l s m o t e o ff hi s h e a d . T hi s o ue r t h r o w b e
1 38 NO TE S .

i ng ti fi e d t o t h e k i ng d i d p u t h i m i n wo o nd e r ful l fe ar e by r e as on of
no , ,

h is s m a l l s k i l l i n w ar l i k e a ffa i r es C al l i ng t h e r e fo r e h i s n b l e s t o a
. o

c o u n ce l l h e a s k e d o f t h e m t h e i r b e s t a d u i s e fo r t h e s u b d u i n
, g o f M ak
d o wa l d o th e r t h e r e b e l s H e r e i n s u n d r i e h e a d s ( a s e u e r i t h a pp e n
.
,

e t h ) w e re s u n d r i e o pi n i o n s w h i c h th e y vt t e r e d acc o r d i n
, g t o e u e i e m an r

h i s sk i l l A t l e ng t h M a k b e t h s p e a k i ng m u c h a ga i ns t t h e k i n gs s o ft n e s
.
,

a n d o u e r m u c h s l a c k n e sse i n p u n i s hi ng o fl e n d or s w h e r e b y th e y h a d s u c h
'

ti m e t o ass em b l e t o gi t h e r h e p r o m i s ed n o t wi th s t a n d i ng i f t h e c h a rge
, ,

w er e c o m m i tt e d v u t o h i m a n d vnt o B a n q u h o s o t o o r d e r t h e m a tt e r t h a t
t h e r e b e l s s h o u l d b e s h o r tl y va n q u i s h e d q u i t e pu t d owne and th a t n o t
, ,

s o m u c h a s o n e o f t h e m s h o u l d b e fo u nd t o m a k e r e s i s t a n ce w i t hi n t h e
co u nt fi e

t
.

‘
A nd e ue n s o it ca m e to p asse :
fo r b e i ng se n fo o r t h w i t h a n e w
p owe r , a t h i s e nt ri ng i n t o L o ch q u h ab e r , t h e fa m e o f h i s co m m i ng p u t t h e
e n i m i e s i n s u c h fea r e , th a t a
g r e a t n u m b e r o f th e m s t a l e s e c r e t l i e a w a i e
fr o m the i r ca p t e i ne M a k d o w al d , wh o n e u e rt h e l e ss e i n fo rce d th e re t o , ga u e
b a t t e l l v u t o M a k b e t h , w i t h t h e re s i d u e w h i c h r e m a i n e d w i t h h i m : b u t
fl
b e i ng o u e r co m e , a n d ee i ng fo r r e fu ge i n t o a c a s t e l l (w ith i n t h e w h i c h
h i s w i fe c hi l d re n w e re i n c l o s e d ) a t l e n th w h e n h e s a w h o w h e co u l d
g
n e i th e r d e fe n d t h e h o l d a n i e l o ng e r a g a i n s t h i s e n i m i e s , n o r
ye t vp o n
s u r r e n d e r b e s u fl e r e d t o d e p a r t w it h l i fe s a ne d , h e e r s t s l u e h i s w i fe a n d fi
c hil d re n , a n d l as t l i e h i m se l fe , l e as t i f h e h a d
ye e l d e d s i m pl i e , h e s h o u l d
h a ue be e ne e x e c u t ed i n m o s t c r u e l ] w i s e fo r a n e x a m pl e t o o t h e r M a k .

b e t h e n t ri ng i n t o t h e c as t e l l by t h e ga t e s , a s t h e n se t o p e n , fo u n d t h e c ar
c a s s e o f M a c d o w a l d l i e ng d e a d th e re a m o ngs t t h e r e s i d u e o f t h e s l a i n e ‘

b o d i es, w h i c h w h e n h e b e h e l d , r e m i tti ng n o p e e ce o f h i s c r u e l ] na t u r e
w i t h t h a t p iti fu l ] s i g h t , h e c a u s e d t h e h e a d t o b e cu t o ff, a n d s e t vp o n a
p o l e s e n d , an d s o s e n t i t as a p r e s e n t t o t h e k i ng wh o a s th e n l a i e a t
B e r th a T h e h e a d l e s se t r u nk e h e c o m m a n d e d t o b e e b o o ng vp vp o n a n
.

h i g h p a i r e o f ga l l o w e s .

T h e m o f t h e we s t e r ne Is l es s u i ng fo r p ar d o n, i n th a t th e y h a d a i d e d
fi
M a k d o wa l d i n h i s t ra t o r o u s e n t e r p r i se , h e ne d a t g r e a t s um s o f m o n e i e
a n d t h os e w h o m e h e t o o k e i n L o c h u h a b e r , b e i n
q g co me t hi th e r t o b e a r e
a r m o r a a i n s t t h e k i n , h e p u t t o e x ecu ti o n H e r vp o n t h e Il a n d m e n
g g .

c o n ce i u e d a d e a d l i e
gr u d ge t o w ard s h i m , c a l l i ng h i m a co u e n an t b r e a k e r ,
-

a b l o n d i e ty r a n t , a c r u e l ] m u r t h e r e r o f th e m w h o m e t h e k i n s m e r c i e
g
h a d p ar d o n e d W i t h w hi c h r e pr o c h fu l ] w o r d s M a k b et h b e i ng k i n d l e d
.

i n w r a t hfu l l i r e a ga i ns t t h e m , h a d p as se d o u e r w i th a n a rm i e i n t o t h e
Is l e s , t o h a u e t a k e n r e u e nge vpo n t h e m fo r th e i r l i b e r a l l * t a l k e , h ad h e
n o t b e e n e o th e rw i s e p e rs u a d e d b
y s o m e o f h i s fr i e n d s , a nd p ar t l i e p a c i
fi e d by g i ft s p r e s e n t e d v u t o h i m 011 t h e b e h a l fe o f t h e Il a n d m e n , s ee k i ng
t o a u o i d h i s d i s pl e a s u re T h u s w as i u s t i c e a n d l a w r es t o r e d ag a i n e t o
.

t h e o l d a c c us t o m e d c o u r s e , b y t h e d i l i e n t m e a ns o f M ak b e t h Im m e
g .

d i a t l i e W h e r e vp o n w o o r d ca m e t h a t S u e n o k i ng o f No r wa y w as a r r i u e d
i n F i fe w i th a p u i ss a n t a r m i e , t o s u b d u e t h e w h o l e re al m e o f S c o tl a nd ’ .

( pp 1 6 8,
.

l l t
'

T o o fre e S u s es i t i rr a s i m i a r s en se i ce n t i o u s, wa n o n. C f l il / A d o, i v
ac z 1
—
. . . . .

9 3 ; H a m 1 v 7 x7 1 ; 0t /z 1 1 x 1 6 5 , e t c
. . . . .
(E d )
.
th a t t h e yw e r e i n t h e e n d b r o ug h t i n t o a fa s t d e a d sl e e pe th a t i n ma nn er ,

i t w as vn p os s i bl e t o a w a k e
. em th T h e n fo o rt h w i t h D u n ca n e se n t vn t o
.

M ak b e t h , c o m m a nd n g hi m wi i t h al l d il i ge n ce t o c o m e a n d se t vpo n t h e
e n i m i e s b e i ng i n e as i e p o i n t t o b e o u e r co m e
, M a k b e t h m a k i ng no d e .

l a i e ca m e w i t h h i s p e o pl e t o t h e pl ace w h e r e h i s e n i m i e s w e re l o d ge d
a nd fi r s t k il l i ng t h e w a t c h a ft e r w a r d s e n t e r e d t h e c a m p e a n d m a d e s u c h
, ,

, ,

s l a u g ht e r 011 a l l s i d es w i th o u t a n i e r es i s t a n ce th a t i t w a s a wo o n d e r fu l l

m a t t e r t o b e h o l d fo r t h e D a n e s w e r e s o h e a u i e o f s l e e p e th a t t h e m o s t
,

p a r t o f t h e m w e re s l a i ne a nd ne u e r s ti r r e d o t h e r th a t w e r e a wak e n e d :

e i th e r b t h e n o i s e o r o th e r w a i e s fo o r t h we re s o a m a z e d a n d d i z z i e
y ,

h e a d e d vpo n th e i r wa k e n i ng t h a t th e y we re n o t a b l e t o m ak e an i e d e
,

fe ns e : s o th a t o f t h e w h o l e n u m b e r t h e r e e s ca p e d n o m o re b u t o n e l i e
S u e n o h i m se l fe a nd t e n o th er p e r s o n s b y w h os e h e l p e h e go t t o h i s s hip s ,

l i e ng a t r o d e i n t h e m o u th o f T a i e
Th e m o s t p a r t o f t h e m a r i n e rs w h e n t h ey h e ar d w h a t pl e nt i e o f
.

m e a t e a nd d r i n k e t h e S c o t s h a d s e n t v u t o t h e c a m p e c a m e fr m t h e s e a ,
o

t h i t h e r t o b e p ar t a k e rs t h e r e o f a nd s o we r e s l a i ne a m o n gs t th e i r fe l l ow es
,

by m e a ne s wh e r e of w h e n S u en o p er ce i u e d h o w t h r o ug h l a c k e o f m ar i ne rs
h e s h o u l d n o t be a b l e t o co n u e i e a wa i e h i s n a n i c h e fu r n i s h e d o n e s hi p ,

t h r o u g h l i e w it h s u c h as w e r e l e ft a n d i n t h e s a m e s a il e d b a ck e i n t o
,

No r wa i e cu rs i ng t h e ti m e th a t h e s e t fo r wa r d o n thi s i n fo r t u n a t e i o u r n i e
, .

T h e o th e r s h ip s w hi c h h e l e ft b e hi n d h i m w i th i n t h r e e d a i e s a ft e r h i s d e ,

p a r t u r e fro m th e nce we r e t o ss e d s o t ogi t h e r b y v i o l e nc e o f a n e as t w i n d

, ,

t h a t b e a ti ng a n d r us h i ng o ne a ga i ns t a no th e r th e y s u n k e th e re a nd l i e , ,

i n t h e s a m e pl a ce e ne n vn t o th es e d a i e s t o t h e g re a t d a nge r o f o th e r ,

s u c h s hi p s a s co m e 0 11 t h a t co as t fo r b e i ng co u e r e d w it h t h e fl o u d w h e n
t h e t i d e c o m m e t h a t t h e e bb i ng a ga i n e o f t h e s a m e s o m e p a r t o f th e m
, ,

a p pe e r e a b o u e w a t e r .

T h e pl a ce w h e r e t h e D a n i s h v ess e l s w e re th u s l os t i s ye t c a l l e d ,

D r ow n e l o w s a n d s T hi s o u e r t h r o w r ec e i u e d i n m a n n e r a fo r e s a i d b y
.

S u e n o w a s ve ri e d i s pl e asa n t t o hi m a n d h i s p e o pl e as s h o u l d a ppe e r e
, , ,

i n th a t i t w as a c u s t o m e m a n i e ye e re s a ft e r th a t n o k n i g ht s w e re m a d e
i n No r wa i e e x c e p t th e y w e r e fi rs t s w or n e t o r e u e nge t h e s l a ug ht e r o f
,

th e i r co u n t r i e m e n a nd fr i e nd s t h u s sl ai ne i n S co tl a nd T h e S co t s h a ni ng
w o o ne s o n o t a b l e a v i c t o r i e a ft e r th ey h a d ga th e r e d
.

d i vi d e d t h e s p o i l e
of t h e fi e l d c a us e d s o l e m n e p r o c e s s i o n s t o b e m a d e i n a l l p l a c e s o f t h e
,

r e a l m e a nd t h ank s to be
, g i u e n t o a l m i gh t i e G o d th a t h ad s e n t th e m s o ,

fa i r e a d a y o u e r t h e i r e n i m i e s B u t w hi l e st t h e p e o pl e w er e th u s a t th e i r
p r o ce ss i o n s w o or d w as b ro ug ht t h a t a n e w fl e e t o f D a n e s wa s a r ri u e d a t
.

Ki ngco n e s e n t t hi th e r b y C a n u t e k i ng o f E ngl a n d i n r e u e nge o f h i s

r , ,

b r o th e r S ue n o s o u e r t h r o w T o re s i s t th e se e n i m i es w hi c h w e re a l r e a d i e
.
,

l a n d e d a nd b u s i e i n s p o i l i ng t h e co u n t r i e ; M ak b e t h a nd B a n q u h o w e t e
,

e n t w i t h t h e k i n gs a u t h o r i t i e w h o h a n i n g w i t h t h e m a c o n u e ni e n t
,

p o we r i n co n nt r e d t h e e n m i e s s l e pa 1 t o f th e m a n d c h as e d t h e o th e r
i , u ,

t o th e i r s h i p s T h e y th a t es ca p e d a n d g o t o n c e t o th e i r s h i p s
.
,

o b t e i n e d o f M a k b e t h fo r a g e a t s u m m e o f
go l d t h a t s u c h o f
r ,

th e i r f i e nd s as w e r e s l a i ne a t thi s l a s t b i c k e r i ng m i g ht be b r i e d i n
r , u

s a i n t C o l m e s In c h In m e m o r i e w h e re o f m a n i e o l d s e p u lt u re s r e y e t
.
, a

i n t h e s a i d In c h th e re t o b e se e ne g1 a u e n w i th t h e a t m e s o f t h e D a n e s
, ,
 IN T) ? 01 ) U C TION 1 4,

as t he m an e r of b u r i e ng no b e l m en s til l i s, a nd h e er e t o fo r e h a th be e ne
vs e d .

p e a ce wa s a l s o co ncl u d e d a t t h e s a m e t i m e b e t wi x t t h e D a nes an d
A
S co t i sh m e n r a ti fi e d ( as s o m e h a u e w r i tt e n) i n t h i s w i s e : T h a t fr o m
'

t h e nce foo r t h t h e D a nes s h o u l d ne u e r co m e i n t o S co tl a n d t o m a k e a n i e

w ar re s a ga i n s t t h e S co t s b y a n i e m a ne r o f m e a n e s A n d t h es e w e r e t h e .

wa r re s t h a t D u nc a n e h a d w it h fo r r e n e ni m i e s i n t h e s e v e n th ye e r e o f ,

h i s r e i gn e S h o r t l i e a ft e r h a pp e n e d a s t ra nge a nd vn co u t h w o o n d e r
.
,

w hi c h a ft e r wa r d was t h e c aus e o f m u c h t r o ub l e i n t h e r e a l m e o f S co t
l a n d as ye s h a l l a ft e r h e ar e It for t u ne d a s M a k b e t h a n d B a n q u h o
i o u r n i e d t o war d s F o re s w h e r e t h e k i ng t h e n l a i e t h ey w e n t
.
,

,
i ,
2 1
s p o r ti ng b y t h e w a i c t o g i t h e r w i th o u t o th e r c o m p a n i e s a u e o n e
. . .

l i e t h e m s e l u e s p as s i ng th o r o u g h t h e w o o d s a nd fi e l d s w h e n s u d d e nl i e i n
,

t h e m i d d e s t o f a l a u nd t h e r e m e t th e m t h r e e wo m e n i n s t ra ng e a n d w i l d
, ,

a pp a r e l ] r e s e m b l i n g c r e a t u r e s o f e l d e r w o r l d w h o m e w h e n t h e y a tt e n

t i u e l i e b e h e l d w o o n d e r i ng m u c h a t t h e s i g h t t h e fi r s t o f t h e m s p a k e a n d
, ,

, ,

s a i d ; A l l h a i l e M a k b e t h th a n e o f G l a m m i s ( fo r h e h a d l a t e l i e e n t e r e d
n t o t h a t d i n i t i e a n d o ffi ce b
,

i 3 7
i 1
g y t h e d e a t h o f h i s fa t h e r S i n e l l ) .

Th e s e co nd o f th e m s a i d ; H a i l e M a k b e t h t h a n e o f C a w d e r
' '

B u t t h e t hi r d s a i d ; A l l h a il e M a k b e t h th a t h e e r e a ft e r s h a l t b e k i ng o f
S co tl a nd
T h e n B an qu h o ; W h a t m a n n e r o f w o m e n ( s a i t h h e) ar e y o u t h a t
.

s e e m e s o l i ttl e fa u o u r a b l e vu t o m e wh e r e as t o m y fe l l o w h e e r e b e s i d e s
h i g h offi ces ye ass i gn e a l so t h e k i ngd o m e a p p o i n ti ng fo o rt h n o t hi ng for
, ,

m e a t al l ? Y e s ( s a i t h t h e fi r s t o f t h e m ) w e p r o m i s e gr e a t e r b e ne fi t s vn t o
, ,

t h e e t h a n vu t o h i m fo r h e s h a ll r e i gn e i n d e e d b u t wit h a n vnl u ck i e e nd
, , ,

n e it h er s h a l l h e l e a u e a n i e i ss u e b e hi nd h i m t o s u cce e d i n h i s pl a ce ,

w h e r e c o n t rar i l i e t h o u i n d e e d s h a l t n o t r e i g ne a t a l l b u t o f t h e e t h o s e ,

s h a l l b e b or n e w hi c h s h a l l g o u e r n t h e S c o ti s h k i ng d o m e b y l o n g o r d er
o f co n ti n u a l ] d e sce n t H e r e w i t h t h e fo r e s a i d w o m e n v a n i s h e d i m m e
T hi s w a s r e p u t e d a t t h e fi rs t b u t s o m e va i n e
.

d i at l i e o u t o f th e i r s i gh t .

fa n t a s ti cal ] i l l u s i o n by M ac k b e t h a n d B a n q u h o i n s o m uc h t h a t ,
1 3 53
B a n qu h o w o u l d ca l l M a ck b e t h i n i es t k i ng o f S co tl a nd ; a nd
' ' °

M a ck b e t h ag ai n e w o u l d c a l l h i m i n s p o r t l i k e w i s e t h e fa t h e r o f m a n i e ,

k i ngs B u t a ft e r w ar d s t h e c o m m o n o pi n i o n w as t h a t t h e s e w o m e n w e r e
.
,

e i th e r t h e we i r d s i s t e r s t h a t i s ( a s y e wo u l d s a y) t h e g o d d e ss e s o f d e s t i ni e
, ,

o r e l s e s o m e n y m p h s o r fe i r i e s i n d u e d w i th k n o w l e d g e o f p r o ph e s i e b y
,

t h e i r n e c ro m a nti ca l ] s c i e n ce b i ca u se e u e ri e t hi n g ca m e t o p asse a s t h e y
,

h ad s p o k e n F o r s h o r t l i e a ft e r t h e th a n e o f C a w d e r b e i ng co nd e m n e d
.
,

a t F o r e s o f t re as o n a ga i n s t t h e k i ng c o m m i tt e d ; hi s l a n d s l i n i n s a n d
g
o ffi ce s w e r e gi u e n o f t h e k i ngs l i b e r a l i t i e t o M a ck b e t h
, ,

Th e s a m e n i g h t a ft e r a t s u pp e r B a n q u h o i e s t e d w i th h i m a n d s a i d
.

, ,

No w M a ck b e t h th o u h as t o bt e i n e d t h o s e t hi ngs w hi c h t h e t w o fo r m e r s i s
t e rs p ro p h es i e d th e r e r e m a i ne th o n e l i e fo r t h e e t o p u r c h a se th a t w h i c h t h e
,

t hi r d sa i d s h o u l d co m e t o p as s e W h e r e vp on M ack b et h r e u o l u i ng t h e .

t hi ng i n h i s m i n d b e ga n c u e n th e n t o d e n i s e h o w h e m i g h t a t t e i n e t o t h e
,

k i n gd o m e b tt t y e t h e t h o u g ht w i t h h i m s e l fe th a t h e m u s t t a r i e a ti m e
: ,

w hi c h s h o u l d a d u a n ce h i m th e r e t o (b y t h e d i u i n e p r o u i d e n c e ) a s i t h a d
c o m e t o p a ss e i n hi s fo r m e r p r e fe rm e n t B ut s h o r t l i e aft e r i t c h a nce d .
 1 V0 7 ES
1 42 .

t h at
k i ng D un ca n e , h a u i ng t wo s o n n e s b y h i s w i fe wh i c h was
t h e d a u g ht er o f S i wa r d e a r l e o f No r th u m b e r l a n d , h e m a d e t h e
V 2 2 . . .

e l d e r o f th e m c a l l e d M a l c o l m e p r i n ce o f C u m b e r l a n d , a s i t w e r e t h e r e b y
t o a pp o i n t h i m h i s s u cce ss o r i n t h e k i ng d o m e i m m e d i a t l i e a ft e r
,
i 4 39
h i s d ece ass e M a ck b e t h s o r e t r o u b l e d h e r e wi th , fo r t h a t h e s a w
. . .

b y thi s m e a ns h i s h o p e s o r e h i n d e re d ( w h e r e , b y t h e o l d l aw e s o f t h e
r e a l m e , t h e o r d i n a n ce wa s , th a t i f h e th a t s h o u l d s u cce e d w e r e n o t o f a b l e

age t o t a k e t h e c h a r ge vp o n h i m se l fe , h e t h a t w a s n e x t o f b l o u d vn t o h i m

s h o u l d b e a d m itt e d ) h e b e a n t o t a k e c o u ns e l ] h o w h e m i h t vs u r pe t h e
g g
k i ngd o m e b y fo rce , h a u i ng a i ns t q u a r e l ] s o t o d o o ( as h e t o o k e t h e m a t
t e r ) for t h a t D u n ca n e d i d w h a t i n h i m l a y t o d e fra u d h i m o f a l l m a n e r o f
ti tl e a nd cl ai m e, w hi c h h e m i g h t i n ti m e t o co m e , p re t e n d vn t o t h e
c ro w n e .

Th e wo o r d s o f t h e th re e w e i r d s i s t e r s a l s o ( o f w h o m b e fo r e y e h a u e
h e a rd ) gre a t l i e i nco u r age d h i m h e r e vnt o , b u t s pe ci a l l i e hi s w i fe l ay s o re
vp o n h i m t o a tt e m p t t h e t hi ng , as s h e th a t w a s ve r i e a m b i ti o u s , b u r n i n g
i n vn qu e nc h ab l e d e s i r e t o b e a r e t h e n a m e o f a q u ee n e A t l e ng th th e r e
.

fo r e , co m m u n i ca t i ng h i s p u r p o s e d i n t e n t w i th h i s t r u s t i e fr i e n d s , a m o ngs t
fi
w h o m e B a n q u h o w a s t h e c hi e fe s t , vp o n c o n d e n ce o f t h e i r p r o m i s e d a i d ,
h e s l u e t h e k i ng a t E n u e r n s , o r ( a s s o m e s a y ) a t B o t g o s u a n e , i n t h e s i x t
y e a r e o f h i s r e i g ne T h e n h a n i ng a c o m p a n i e a b o u t h i m o f s u c h a s h e
.

h ad m a d e p r i u i e t o h i s e n t e r p r i se , h e ca u se d h i m se l fe t o b e p ro cl a m e d
k i n g, a n d fo o r t h w i t h w e n t v u t o S c o n e w h e r e (b y c o m m o n co n
,
11 4 3 1
s e n t ) h e r e ce i u e d t h e i n u e s t u r e o f t h e k i ng d o m e a c cor d i ng t o t h e
. . .

a ccu s t o m e d m a n er fi
T h e b o d i e o f D u n ca n e w a s r s t c o n u e i e d vn t o El
.

g i ne ; t h e re b u r i e d i n k i ngl i e w i se ; b u t a ft e r w a r d s i t was r e m o u e d a n d
c o n u e i e d vn t o C o l m e k i l ] , a n d th e r e l a i d i n a s e p u l t u r e a m o ngs t
i i 4 34
h i s p r e d ec ess o r s , i n t h e ye a r e a ft e r t h e b i r th o f o u r S a u i o u r, 1 04 6
. . .

M a l c o l m e C a m m o r e a n d D o n a l d B a n e t h e s o n s o f k i ng D u n c a n e ,
fo r fea r e o f th e i r l i ne s ( w hi c h t h e y m i g h t w e l l k n o w th a t M a ck b e t h w o u l d
fi
s e e k e t o b r i ng t o e n d for hi s m o r e s u r e co n r m a ti o n i n t h e e s t a t e ) fl e d
i n t o C u m b e r l an d , w h e r e M a l co l m e r e m a i n e d , ti ll t i m e th a t s ai n t E d wa rd
t h e s o n n e o f E t h el d r e d r e co u e r e d t h e d o m i n i o n o f E ng l a n d fr o m t h e
“

D a n i s h p owe r , t h e w hi c h E d wa r d r e c e i u e d M a l c o l m e b y w ay o f m os t
fr i e n d l i e e n te r t e i n m e nt : b u t D o n a l d p a sse d o u e r i n t o Ir e l a n d , w h e re h e
w a s t e n d e r l i e c h e r i s h e d b y t h e k i ng o f t h a t l a n d . M a c k b e t h , a ft e r t h e
d e p a r t u r e t h u s o f D u n c a n es s o nn e s , vs e d gr e a t l i b e r al i t i e t owa r d s t h e
n o b l e s o f t h e r e a l m e , th e r e b y t o w i n th e i r fa u o u r a n d w h e n h e s a w th a t
,

11 0 m a n w e n t a b o u t t o t r o u b l e h i m , h e se t h i s w h o l e i n t e n ti o n t o m a i n

t e i n e i u s t i ce , an d t o p u ni s h a l l e n o r m i ti e s a nd a b u s e s, w h i c h h a d c h a nce d
th r o u g h t h e fe e b l e a nd s l ou t h fu l l a d m i n i s t ra ti o n o f D un ca ne ’ ( pp
.
. .

1 6 9 —1 7 1 )

[A nd s v i g l y d M acb e th ca rr y o u t h i s re for m s, t h a t t h ese

di ‘
o o r o u s

t h ee u e s , b a r r e t t o r s , a n d o th e r o pp r e ss ors o f t h e i n n o ce n t p e o pl e
’

‘
w e re s t r e i g ht wa i es a pp r e h e n d e d b y a r m e d m e n, a n d t r u s s e d vp i n h al
t e rs o n g i b b e t s , a cco r d i ng as t h e y h a d i u s t l i e d e s e r ue d T h e r es i d u e o f
.

m i s d o o e r s th a t w e re l e ft , w e r e p u n i s h e d a n d t a m e d i n s u c h s o r t , th a t m a n i e
e a r es a ft e r a l l th e ft a n d r e i ffi ngs w e r e l ittl e h e a r d o f, t h e p e o pl e i n i o i e n g
y
fi
t h e b l i s sefu l l b e ne t o f go o d p e a ce an d t ra n q ui l i t i e Ma ck b e t h s h e w i ng
.
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“

1 44 .

h ad it to a ppe a r e p re p e n s e d d e n i s e : Wh e r evpon t o
) but
, e ne n vpo n a

a u o i d fu r t h e r p e r i l ] h e fl e d i n t o W a l e s (p
’
. .

[T h e o l d hi s t o r i a n h e re m a k e s a d i gr es s i o n i n o rd e r t o r e h e a r se t h e
o r i g i n a l ] l i ne o f th o s e k i n s w h i c h h a u e d e s c e n d e d fr o m t h e fo r e s a i d
g ,

B a n qu h o It w il l s u ffi ce h e r e t o n o t e th a t ( a cco r d i n g t o H ol i n s h e d )
’
.

F l e a n ce s g r e a t gra nd s o n A l e x a nd e r h a d t wo s o ns fr o m o n e o f w h o m
’
-

d e s ce n d e d t h e e ar l e s o f L e u e n o x a n d D e r nl i e a nd fro m t h e o th e r c a m e
‘ ’
,

W a l t e r S t e w a r d wh o m a r i e d M a rge r i e B r u ce d a ug ht e r t o k i ng R o b e r t
,

B ru c e by w h o m e h e h a d i s s u e k i n g R o b e r t t h e s e co n d o f th a t n a m e
’

t h e fi r s t (s ays F r e n c h S /z a /e pe
,

(p ea n a Ge m l ogz p 29 1 ) o f ’
‘ e
‘
.
,
y ar rz ca , .

t h e d y n a s ty o f S t u a r t w hi c h c o n ti n u e d t o o cc u py t h e t h r o n e u n til t h e
,

s o n o f M a ry Q ue e n o f S c o t s
j am e s t h e s i xth o f t h e n am e w a s c a l l e d
, , ,

t o t h e t h r o n e o f E ngl a n d a s J a m e s t h e ,

B u t t o r e t u r n e vn t o M a k b e t h i n c o n ti n u i ng t h e h i s t o r i e a n d t o b e , ,

g i n w h e r e I l e ft ye s h a l l vn d e r s t a n d t h a t a ft e r t h e c o n t r i u e d s l a ug ht e r
,

o f B a n q u h o n o thi ng p r o s p e r e d w i th t h e fo r e sa i d M a k b e t h
, fo r i n m a n e r
e u e r i e m a n b e ga n t o d o u b t h i s o w h e l i fe a n d d u rs t vn n e t h a pp e a re i n t h e ,

k i ngs p r e se n c e ; a nd e ne n a s t h e r e w e r e m a n i e th a t s t o o d i n fe a r e o f
h i m so l i k e w i s e s t o o d h e i n fe are o f m a n i e i n s u c h s o r t th a t h e b e ga n t o
, ,

m a k e t h o s e a w a i e b y o n e s u r m i s e d c a u i l l a t i o n o r o th e r wh o m e h e t h o ug h t ,

m o s t a b l e t o w o r k e h i m a n i e d i s pl e a s u re
A t l e ng th h e fo u n d s u c h s wee t n es s e b y p u tti ng h i s n o b l e s t h u s t o
.

d e a th t h a t h i s e a r n es t t hi r s t aft e r b l o nd i n thi s b e h al fe m i g h t i n n o w i se
b e s a ti sfi e d fo r y e m u s t co n s i d e r h e w a n d o u b l e p ro frt e ( as h e e t h o u g ht )
,

h e re b y fo r fi r st th ey we r e r i d o u t of t h e wa y wh o m e h e fe a re d a nd th e n ,

a ga i n e h i s co ffe rs w e re i n ri ch e d b
y th e i r go o d s w hi c h w e re fo r fe i t e d t o
h i s vs e w h e re b y h e m i g h t t h e b e tt e r m a i n t e i n e a ga r d o f a r m e d m e n
,

a b o u t h i m t o d e fe n d h i s p e r so n fr o m i n i u r i e o f th e m w h o m h e h a d i n

a n i e s u s pi ci o n F u r th e r t o t h e e n d h e m i g ht t h e m o r e c r u e l l i e o pp r e s se
.
,

h i s s ub j e c t s w it h al l ty r a n tl i k e w r o n gs h e b u il d e d a s t r o ng cas t e l l 011 t h e ,

t o p o f a n h i e h i l ] ca l l e d D u n s i n a n e s it u a t e i n G o wr i e t e n m il e s fr o m , ,

P e r th 0 1 s u c h a p r o u d h e i g ht th a t s t a n d i ng t h e re al o ft a m a n m i g h t b e
,
1 , ,

h o l d we l l n ee re a l l t h e co u n t r i e s o f A ngu s F i fe S t e r m o n d a n d E r ne d a l e , , , ,

a s i t w er e l i e n g vn d e r ne a t h h i m T h i s ca s t e l l th e n be i n g fo u nd e d o n t h e
.

t o p o f t h a t hi g h h i l l p u t t h e r e a l m e t o gre a t c h a rg es b e fo r e i t w as fi n
,

i s h e d fo r a l l t h e s t u ffe n e ce ssa r i e t o t h e b u il d i ng co u l d n o t b e b ro u g h t
,

vp w i th o u t m u c h t o il e a n d b u si n e sse B u t M a k b e t h b e i ng o nce d e t e r .

m i n e d t o h a u e t h e wo rk e go fo r wa r d ca u s e d t h e t h a n e s o f e a c h s hi re ,

w it hi n t h e r e a l m e t o co m e a nd h e l p e t o w a r d s t h a t b u i l d i ng e ac h m a n ,

h i s co u rs e a b o u t .

A t t h e l as t w h e n t h e t u r ne fe l l vn t o M a k d u ffe th a n e o f F i fe t o
‘
,

b u i l d e h i s p a r t h e s e n t w o r k e m e n w i t h al l n ee d fu l ] p r o u i s i o n a nd c o m
, ,
~

m a nd e d th e m t o s h e w s u c h d i l i ge n c e i n e u e r i e b e h al fe th a t n o o c ca s i o n ,

m i g h t b ee g i u e n fo r t h e k i n g t o fi n d fa u l t w i th h i m i n th a t h e ca m e n o t ,

h i m se l fe a s o th e r h a d d o o n e w hi c h h e r e fu se d t o d oo for d o u b t l e a s t t h e
, ,

k i ng b e a r i ng h i m ( a s h e p a r t l i e vnd e r s t o od ) n o gr e a t go o d w il l w o u l d ,

l a i e v i o l e n t h a n d e s vpon h i m a s h e h a d d o o n e vpo n d i u e rse o th e r . .

S h o r tl y a ft e r M a kb e t h co m m i n g t o be h o l d h o w t h e wo r k e we n t fo r w a r d
, ,

a nd b i ca u s e h e fo u n d n o t M a k d u ffe t h e r e h e w as s o r e o ffe nd e d a n d sa i d ; , ,
 [ N T/e00 U C TION 1 45
.

I p e r ce i u e thi s m an w il l n e u e r o b e i e m y co m m a nd e m e n t s til l h e b e r i d
fl
,

d e n w i th a s n a f e : b u t I s h a l l p r o u i d e w e l l i n o ug h fo r hi m Ne i th e r.

c o u l d h e a ft e r w a r d s a b i d e t o l o o k e vpo n t h e s a i d M a k d u ff e e i th e r fo r ,

t h a t h e th o u g h t h i s p u i ss a n ce o u e r gr e a t ; e i t h e r e l s e fo r t h a t h e h a d
l e a r ne d o f ce r t e i ne w i z z ar d s, i n w h o s e w o r d s h e pu t g r e a t co n d e n ce ( fo r fi
th a t t h e pro ph e s i e h ad h a pp e ne d s o r i g h t w h i c h t h e t h r e e fa r i e s o r
,

we i r d s i s t e rs h a d d e c l are d vn t o h i m ) h o w th a t h e o u g h t t o t a k e h e e d o f
M a k d u ffe w h o i n t i m e t o c o m e s h o u l d s e e k e t o cl e s t r o i e h i m
, .

A n d s u e r l i e h e r e vpo n h a d h e p u t M a k d u ffe t o d e a th , b u t th a t a ce r
t e i ne w i t c h , w h o rrre h e e h a d 1 11 g re a t t r us t , h a d t o l d t h a t h e s h o u l d n e u e r
q
be s l a i n e w i t h m a n b o r n e o f a n i e w o m a n , n o r v a n u i s h e d t i l l t h e w o o d
o f B e r n a n e c a m e t o t h e cas t e l l o f D u n s i n a n e B y th i s p ro p h e s i e
.

i v 1 80
M a k b e t h p u t a l l fe a re o u t o f h rs h e a r t s u p p os rng h e m rgl rt d o o
. . .

w h a t h e w o u l d , w i th o u t a n i e fe ar e t o b e p u n i s h e d fo r t h e so m e , fo r
'

b y t h e o n e p r o ph e s i e h e b e l e e u e d i t w as vnp o s s i bl e fo r a n i e m a n t o
v a n q u i s h h i m , a nd b y t h e o th e r vn pos s i bl e t o s l e a h i m T h i s v a i n e .

h o p e ca use d h i m t o d oo m a n i e o u t ra gi o u s t h i ngs , t o t h e gre e uo u s o p

p re ss i o n o f h i s s u b i e c t s A t l e ng t h M a k d u ffe , t o a u o i d p e r i l ] o f l i fe , p u r
.

p o s e d w i t h l ri rrrs e l fe t o p asse i n t o E ng l a n d , t o p ro cu re M a l co l m e C a rn
rn o re t o c l a i m e t h e c r o w n e o f S c o tl a n d . B t i t t hi s w a s n o t s o s e c r e t l i e
d e u i se d b y M a k d u ffe , b tt t t h a t M a k b e t h h a d k n o w l e d ge g i u e n h i m t h e re
o f : fo r k i n s ( a s i s s a i d ) h a ue s h a r p e s i g ht l i k e vn t o
g L
y n x , a nd l o ng e a r s
i ii
l i k e v u t o M i d as. F o r M a k b e t h h a d i n e u e ri e n o b l e m a n s h o u se
o n e s h e fe l l o w o r o t h e r i n fe e w ith h i m , t o r e u e a l e a l l th a t w a s
.

s a i d o r d o o n e w i t hi n t h e s a m e , b y w h i c h s l i g h t h e o p p r e s s e d t h e m o s t
p ar t o f t h e n ob l e s o f h i s r e al m e .

Irrrm e d i at l i e th e n , b e i ng a d ue r t i se d w h e r e a b o u t M a k d u ffe w e n t , h e
c a m e h as t il y w i th a gr e a t p o w e r i n t o F i fe , a n d fo o r t h w i t h b e si e ge d t h e
c as t e l l w h e r e M a k d u ffe d w e ll e d , t r u s ti n g t o h a u e fo u n d h i m t h e r e i n .

T h e y th a t k e pt t h e h o u se , w i th o u t a n i e r e s i s t a n ce o p e ne d t h e g a t e s , a n d
s u ffe r e d h i m t o e n t e r , m i s t r u s ti n B u t n e u e r t l re l esse M a k
g n o ne e u i l l .

be t h m o s t c r u e l l i e c a u s e d t h e w i fe a n d c hi l d r e n o f M a k d u ffe , w it h a l l
o th e r w h o m h e fo u n d i n t h a t c a s t e l l , t o b e s l a i n e A l s o h e co n s c a t e d fi
fi
.

t h e g o o d s o f M a k d u ffe , p r o c l a i m e d h i m t r a i t o r , a n d c o n ne d h i m o u t o f
al l t h e p a r t s o f h i s r e al m e ; b u t M a k d u ffe w a s a l r e a d i e e s c a p e d
o u t o f d a n ge r , a n d g o tt e n i n t o E n g l a n d vn t o M a l c o l m e C a m

m o r e , t o t r i e w h a t p u rc h a se h e e m i g ht m a k e b y m e an s o f h i s s u pp o r t
t o r e u e n ge t h e s l au g h t e r s o cr ue l l i e e x e c u t e d 0 11 h i s w i fe , h i s c hi l d r e n ,
a n d o th e r fr i e n d s . A t h i s com m i ng v u t o M a l co l m e , h e d e cl a r e d i n t o
w h a t g r e a t m i s e r i e t h e es t a t e o f S co tl a n d w as b ro u g h t , b y t h e d e t e s t a b l e
c r u e l ti e s e x e rc i se d b y t h e ty r a n t M a k b e t h , h a n i n g co m m i tt e d m a n i e
h o r r i b l e s l a u g h t e rs a nd m u rd e r s , b o t h as w e l l o f t h e n o b l e s as co m ~

m o n s , fo r t h e w hi c h h e was h a t e d r i g h t m o r t al l i e o f a l l h i s l i e g e p e o
p l e , d e s i r i ng n o t hi ng m o r e t h an t o b e d e l i u e re d o f th a t i rrt o l l e r a b l e a n d
y
m os t h e a u i e o k e o f t h r a l d om e , w h i c h th e y s u s t e i rre d a t s u c h a ca i t i fe s
h a nds .

g
M al c o l m e h e a r i n M ak d u ffe s wo o r d s , w h i c h h e vt t e r e d 1 11 ve r i e l a
m e nt ab l e s o r t , fo r nre e t e co m p a s s i o n a n d v e r i c r trt h th a t p e a rs e d h i s s o r
o wfu l l h a r t , b e wa i l i rrg t h e m i se r a b l e s t a t e o f h i s co u n t r i e , h e fe t c h e d a

K
1 46
NO TE S .

d e e pe s i g h w h i ch M a k d u ffe p e r ce i u i ng, b e ga n t o fa l l m o s t e a r ne s t l i e i n
h a nd w i t h h i m , t o e n t e r p r i s e t h e d e l i u e r i ng o f t h e S co ti s h p e o pl e o u t o f
t h e h a n d s o f s o c r u e l ] a n d b l o n d i e a ty ra n t , a s M a k b e t h by t o o nra rr i e
pl a i ne e xp er i m e n t s d i d s h e w h i m s e l fe t o b e w h i c h w a s a n e as i e m att e r
fo r h i m t o b r i ng t o p as s e , c o ns i d e r i ng n o t o n e l i e t h e go o d ti tl e h e h a d ,
b u t a l s o t h e e a r nes t d e si re o f t h e p e o pl e t o h a u e so m e o cc a s i o n e d m i n i s
t r e d , w h e r e b y th e y m i g h t b e re u e n ge d o f th o s e n o t a b l e i n i u r i e s , w hi c h
th e y d a i l i e s u s t e i ne d b y t h e o u t r agi o u s c r ue l t i e o f M a k b e t h s m i sg o u e r n
a n ce . T h o u g h M a l c o l m e w a s ve r i e s o r o w fu l l fo r t h e o pp r e s s i o n o f h i s
c o u n t r i e m e n t h e S co t s , i n m a n e r a s M a k d u ffe h a d d e c l a r e d ; y e t d o u b t
i ng w h e th e r h e w e r e c o m e a s o n e th a t m e n t vn fe i n e d l i e a s h e s p ak e , o r
e l s e a s se n t fr o m M a k b e t h t o b e t ra i e h i m , h e t h o u g h t t o h a u e so rrre

fur th e r t r i a l ] , a n d t h e r e vp o n d i s se m b l i ng h i s m i n d a t t h e r s t , h e a rr fi
s we r e d a s fo l l o w e th .

‘
I a m t r u l i e ve r i e s o r i e fo r t h e m i s e r i e c h a nce d t o m y co u n t r i e o f
S co tl a n d , b u t t h o u g h I h a u e n e u e r s o g r e a t a ffec ti o n t o r e l i e u e t h e s a rrre ,
y e t b y r e a s o n o f ce r t e i n e i n c u r a b l e v i c e s , w hi c h re i gn e i n m e , I a m n o t h
i ng m e e t th e r e t o F i r s t , s u c h i m m o d e r a t e l us t a n d v o l u pt u o u s s e n s u a l
.

i t i e ( t h e a b h o m i n ab l e fo u rrt e i rre o f a l l v i ce s ) fo l l o w e t h m e , t h a t i f I w e re
m a d e k i ng o f S co t s , I s h o u l d s e e k e t o d e fl o u r e y o u r m a i d s a n d m a t r o ne s ,
i n s u c h w i se th a t m i n e i n t e m pe r a n c i e s h o u l d be m o re i m p o r t ab l e v u t o
y o u th a n t h e b l o n d i e ty ra n n i e o f M a k b e t h n o w i s H e e re u n t o M a k d u ffe .

a ns w er e d thi s s ue r l y i s a ve r i e e u i l l fa u l t , fo r m a n y n o b l e p r i nce s a n d
k i ngs h a u e l os t b o th l i u e s a n d k i ngd o m e s fo r t h e s a m e ; n e u e r t h e l e s s e
t h e r e a re w o m e n e n o w i n S co tl a n d , a n d th e r e fo re fo l l o w m
y
iv 3 71
. .

co u nse l ] , M a k e t h
.

y
s e l fe k i ng, a n d I s h a l l c o n u e i e t h e m a tt e r s o

i v 3 72
, fi
w i s e l i e t h a t th o u s h a l t b e so sa ti s e d a t thy pl e a s ur e i n s u c h
w i s e , th a t n o m a n s h a l l b e a wa re t h e r e o f
. . .

T h e n s a i d M a l c o l m e , I a m a l s o t h e rrro s t a u a r i t i o u s c re a t u re o n t h e
e a r th , s o th a t i f I w e r e k i n g , I s h o u l d s e e k e s o m a n i e w a i e s t o g e t l a n d s
a n d go o d s , t h a t I w o u l d s l e a t h e m o s t p ar t o f a l l t h e n o b l e s o f S c o tl a n d

b y s u r m i s e d a cc u sa ti o n s t o t h e e n d I m i gh t i n i o y th e i r l a n d s , g o o d s , a n d
,

p o s s e s s i o ns ; a nd t h e r e fo re t o s h e w yo u w h a t m i s c h i e fe m a y i n s u e o n
y o u th r o u g h ur i n e vns a t i a b l e co u e t o u s n es , I w il l re h e a rs e vn t o y o u a fa
bl e . T h e r e w a s a fo x h a n i ng a s o r e pl a ce 011 h i m o u e r s e t w i t h a s wa r me
o f fl i e s , th a t c o n t i n u a l l i e s u c k e d o u t h i r b l o u d : a n d w h e n o n e th a t c a ure

b y a n d s a w th i s m a n n e r , d e nra rrd e d w h e th e r s h e w o u l d h a u e t h e i es fl
d r i u e rr b e s i d e h i r , s h e a n s w e r e d n o : fo r i f t h e se i es th a t a re a l r e a d i e fl
fu l l , a nd b y r e as o n th e r e o f s u c k e n o t ve r i e e ge r l i e , s h o u l d b e c h a s e d
a w a i e , o th e r th a t a r e e m t i e a n d fe l l i e 9“ a n h u n re d , s h o u l d l i h t i n t h e i r
p g g
pl a c e s , a n d s u c k e o u t t h e re s i d u e o f m y b l o u d fa r re m o r e t o m y gr e e n ~

a n c e th a n th e s e , w hi c h n o w b e i n fi
g s a ti s e d d o o n o t rrru c h a n n o i e m e .

T h e r e fo re s a it h M a l co l m e , s u ffe r rrr e t o r e m a i n e w h e re I a m , l e a s t i f I

The o bso lt e e ad v e r b c o rre s p o n d i ng to the ad j ti v

ec e / 1
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.

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H o w m a n fl y e s , i n w l ro t t e s t s o m m e r s d a y ,

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co l me wa s e on fe d e rat w ith h i m , t o co m e h as t i l i e i n t o S co tl a nd t o cl a i m e
q
t h e c ro wn e , a n d t h er e fo r e h e r e u i r e d th e m , s i t h h e wa s r i g h t i n h e r i t o r
t h e r e t o , t o a ss i s t h i m w i th th e i r p o we rs t o r e co u e r t h e s am e o u t o f t h e
h a n d s of t h e w r o ngfu l ] vs u r pe r .

In t h e m e a n e t i m e , M al co l m e p u r c h a se d s u c h fau o r a t k i ng E d
w a r d s h a n d s , th a t o l d S i wa r d e a r l e o f No r t h u nrb e r l a rrd , w a s a pp o i n t e d
w i t h t e n th o us a n d m e n t o go w i t h hi m i n t o S co tl a n d , t o s u pp o r t h i m i n
t h i s e n t e r p r i se , fo r re c o u e ri e o f h i s r i g ht A ft e r t h e s e n e we s w e re s p r e a d .

a b ro a d i n S c o t l a n d , t h e n o b l e s d r e w i n t o t w o se u era l l fa c ti o n s , t h e o n e

t a k i ng p a r t w ith M a k b e t h , a n d t h e o th e r w it h M al co l m e H e e re u po n .

i ns u e d o ft e n ti m e s s u nd ri e b i c k e r i ngs , d i u e rs e l i g ht s k i r m i s h es fo r t h o se
th a t w e re o f M al co l m e s s i d e , w o u l d n o t i e o pa r d t o i oi ne w i th th e i r e n i
ri r i e s i n a p i ghfi
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fi
e l d , t il l h i s c o m m i ng o u t o f E ng l a n d t o t h e i r s u pp o r t .

B u t a ft e r th a t M ak b e t h pe rce i u e d h i s e n i m i es p o w e r t o i n cr e a s e , b y s u c h
a i d as ca m e t o th e m fo o r t h o f E ng l a n d w i t h h i s a d u e r s ar i e M al c o l m e , h e

r e co i l e d b a c k e i n t o F i fe , t h e re p u r p o s i n
g t o ab i d e i n ca m p e fo r ti e d , a t fi
t h e ca s t e l l of D u ns i n a n e , a n d t o fi
g ht w ith h i s e ni rrri e s , i f t h e y m e n t t o
p u rs u e h i m ; h o wbe i t s o m e o f h i s fr i e nd s a d u i se d h i m , th a t i t s h o u l d be
b e s t fo r h i m , e it h er t o m a k e s o m e ag r e e m e n t w i th M a l co l m e , o r e l s e t o
fl e e w ith a l l s p e e d i n t o t h e Il e s, a n d t o t a k e h i s t re as u re w i t h h i m , t o t h e
e n d h e m i g ht wa g e ] s u n d r i e g r e a t p r i n ces o f t h e r e a l m e t o t a k e h i s p a r t ,
'

r e t e i n e s t r a n e rs , i n w h o m e h e m i g ht b e tt e r t r us t th a n i n h i s o w n e
g
s u b i e c t s , w hi c h s t a l e d a i l i e fr o m h i m : b u t h e h a d su c h co n fi
v 4 1 1
d e nce i n h i s p r o ph e s i es , t h a t h e b e l e e u e d h e s h o u l d n e u e r be
. . .

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v an u i s h e d , ti l l B i r na rre woo d w er e b ro u gh t t o D u n s i na ne ; n o r ye t t o
b e s l a i ne w i th a n i e m a n , th a t s h o u l d b e o r w a s b or n e o f a n i e wo m a n .

‘
M a l co l m e fo l l o w i ng h as t i l i e a ft e r M a k b e t h , ca m e t h e n i g ht b e fo r e
t h e b a t t e l l v u t o B i rrra n e w o o d , a n d w h e n h i s a r m i e h a d r es t e d
a w hi l e th e re t o r e fr e s h th e m , h e c o m m a n d e d e u e ri e m a n t o ge t
a b o u g h o f s o m e t r e e o r o th e r o f t h a t w o o d i n h i s h a n d , a s b i g as h e

m i ght be a r e , a n d t o m a r c h fo o r t h th e r e w i th i n s uc h w i se , th a t 011 t h e n e xt
m o r ro w th e y m i g h t co m e cl o s e l i e a nd w i t h o u t s i g ht i n thi s m a n ne r w i th
i n vi e we o f h i s e ni m i es O n t h e m o r r o w wh e n M a k b e t h b e h e l d t h e m
fi
.

c o m m i ng i n t hi s s o r t , h e r s t m a r u e l l e d w h a t t h e m a tt e r m e n t , b u t i n t h e

e n d r e m e m b er e d h i m s e l fe th a t t h e p r o ph e s i e w hi c h h e h a d h e a rd l o n
g
b e fo r e t h a t ti m e , o f t h e co m m i ng o f B i r na n c wo o d t o D u ns i rra u e cas t e l l ,
wa s l i k e l i e t o b e n o w fu l ll e d fi
Ne u e r t h e l ess e , h e b r o u ght hi s m e n i n
.

o r d e r o f b a t t e l l , a n d e x h o r t e d th e m t o d o o va l i a n t l i e , h o w be i t h i s e n i m i e s
h a d s c ar se l y cas t fr o m t h e ui t h e i r b o u glrs , w h e n M a k b e t h pe r ce i u i rrg t h e i r
n u m b e rs , b e t o o k e h i m s t r e i c t t o fl
i g ht , wh o m M a k d u ffe p u r s u e d w it h g r e a t
h a t re d e n e n t il l h e ca m e v u t o L u n fa n na i ne, wh e re M a k b e t h p er ce i u i ng
th a t M ak d u ffe w as h ar d at h i s b a c k e , l e a pt b es i d e h i s h o rsse , s a i e n g ;
Pi t ch e d . Cf T. . a nd C . v . 10 . 24

vi l a b o m i nab e l t t
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I49

T h o u t r a i t o r, w h a t m e a n e t h i t th a t th o u s h o u l d e s t th u s i n va i ne fo l l o w
m e th a t a m n o t a pp o i n t e d t o b e s l a i n e b y a n i e c re a t u re t h a t i s b o r n e o f
a w o m a n, co m e o n t h e r e fo re , a n d r e ce i u e thy r e wa r d w h i c h th o u h as t d e

s e r u e d fo r thy p a i n es , a n d t h er wi t l ra l ] h e l i ft e d vp hi s s wo o r d th i n k i n g t o
h a u e sl a i n e h i m .

B u t M a k d u ffe q u i crd i e a u o i d i ng * fro m h i s h o rs se , ye r h e ca m e a t

h i m , a n s w ere d ( wit h h i s n a k e d s wo o r d i n h i s h a n d ) s a i e rrg : It i s t ru e
M a k b e t h , a n d n o w s h a l l thy i nsa ti ab l e c r ue l t i e h a u e a n e n d , fo r I a m
e n e n h e t h a t thy w i z z a r d s h a u e t o l d t h e e o f, w h o w as n e u e r b o r n e o f m
y
m o t h e r, b u t r i pp e d o u t o f h e r w o m b e : t l re r e wi t h a l l h e s t e pt v u t o h i m ,
a n d s l u e h i m i n t h e pl a ce T h e n c u tti ng h i s h e ad fr o m h i s s h o u l d e rs , h e
.

s e t i t vpo n a p o l e , a n d b r o ug ht i t v u t o M a l c o l m e -
T hi s w as .

v 8 53
t h e e n d o f M a k b e t h , a ft e r h e h a d r e i gn e d 1 7 ye e r e s o ue r t h e
. . .

S co t i s h m e n In t h e b e g i n n i ng o f hi s r e i gn e h e a cco m pl i s h e d m a n i e
fi
.

w o o r t h i e a c t s ve r i e p r o t a b l e t o t h e c o m m o n w e a l th , ( a s y e h a u e h e a r d )
,
-

b u t a ft e r war d by il l u s i o n o f t h e d i u e l l , h e d e fa m e d t h e s a m e w i th m o s t
t e r r i b l e c r u e l t i e H e w a s s l a i ns i n t h e ye e r e o f t h e i n ca r n a ti o n 1 05 7, a nd
.

i n t h e 1 6 ye e r e o f k i ng E d wa r d s re i gn e o u e r t h e E ng l i s h m e n .

M a l c o l m e C a m m o r e t h us r e co u e r i rrg t h e r e l m e ( as ye h a ue h e ard )
b y s u pp o r t o f k i ng E d w a r d , i n t h e 1 6 ye e r e o f t h e s a nre Ed wa r d s re i gn e ,
h e w as c r o w n e d a t S co n e t h e 2 5 d a y o f A p r i l ] , i n t h e ye e re o f o u r o rd L
1 05 7 . Irn m e d i a t l i e a ft e r h i s c o r o n a ti o n h e ca l l e d a pa r l e rrre rrt a t Fo r fa i r ,
i n t h e w hi c h h e r e wa r d e d th e m w i th l a n d s a n d l i n i ngs th a t h a d ass i s t e d
h i m a ga i ns t M a k b e t h , a d u a n ci n g t h e m t o fe es a n d o f ce s a s h e s a w c a u s e , fi
co m m a n d e d t h a t s ec i a l l i e th o s e th a t b a r e t h e s u r n a m e o f a n i e o f ce s
p fi
o r l a nd s , s h o u l d h a u e a n d i n i o H e cr e a t e d m a n i e e a r l es ,
y t h e s a nre .

l o r d s , ba ro ns, a nd k n i ght s M a u i e o f t h e m th a t be fo re we re th a n e s , we re
.

a t t hi s ti m e m a d e e a r l e s , a s F i fe , M e n t e t h , A t h o l l , L e u e n o x ,
v 8 63
. .

M u rre y , C a t h n e s , Ro s s e , and A ng us T h e se we r e t h e rs t
.

. fi
e a r l e s th a t h a u e b ee n e h e ar d o f a m o ngs t t h e S c o t i s h m e n, ( as t h e i r hi s t o

r i es d o o m a k e m e n ti o n ) ( pp 1 74
. .

t
In t h e fi ft C h a p er o f t h e e i g h t B ‘
k e o f th e h i s t o r i e o f E ngl a nd ,
oo
’

S h a k es p e a re fo u n d t h e a cco u n t o f y o u ng S i w ar d s d e a t h ( v
’
.

‘
A b o u t t h e th i r t e e n t h ye a re o f k i ng Ed wa r d h i s r e i gn e ( as s o m e
w r it e ) o r r a th e r a b o u t t h e n i n e t e e n th o r t we rrt i t h ye a r e , as s h o u l d a p
p e a r e b y t h e S c o ti s h w r it e rs , S i w ar d t h e n ob l e e a r l e o f No r t h u m b e r l and
w i th a gr e a t p o w e r o f h o r s s e m e n w e n t i n t o S co tl a nd , a n d i n b a t t e l l p u t
to fli g h t M a ck b e t h th a t h a d vs u r pe d t h e c r o wne o f S co tl and , a n d th a t
d o o ne pl a ce d M a l c o l m e s u r n am e d C a m o i r , t h e s o n n e o f D u n c a n e , s o m e
,

t i m e k i ng o f S co tl a n d i n t h e go u e r ne rrre n t o f th a t r e a l m e , wh o a ft e rw a rd
s l u e t h e s a i d M a c k b e t h , a n d th e n r e i gn e d i n q u i e t S o m e o f o u r E ngl i s h .

w r i t e rs s a y th a t thi s M al c o l m e w a s k i ng o f C u m b e r l an d , b u t o th e r r e p or t
h i m t o b e s o n n e t o t h e k i ng o f C u m be r l a n d B u t h e e re i s t o b e n o t ed , .

t h a t i f M a ck be t h r e i gne d til ] t h e ye a r e 1 06 1 , a n d wa s t h e n s l a i ne b y M al ~

c o l m e , e a r l e S i w a r d was n o t a t th a t b a t t e l l for a s o u r w r it e r s d o o t e s t i

h
W th’
i d raw i n g, d i s m o u n i n g
pl
ace fo r y o u ; o
t
C f W: T
p ya o d ”
. .

v
. i . 2

Se e
.
46 2
l
a so 1
:
“
Le t u s a y o i d ? ’ Cor i v 5 3 4
S a m x vrrr 1 1 — ( E d )
. . .

e re s n o ra y u , r . . . .
1 50 NO TE S .

fi e , h e d i e d i n t h e y e are 1 05 5 , w hi c h w as i n t h e ye a re ne xt a ft e r ( a s t h e
q
s a m e w r i t e rs a ffi r m e ) t h a t h e v a n u i s h e d M a ck b e t h i n
‘

fi
gh t , a nd sl u e
m a n i e t h o u s a n d s o f S co t s , a n d a l l th o s e No r m a n s w hi c h ( a s ye h a ue
h e ar d ) w e r e wi t hd ra we n i n t o S co tl a n d , w h e n t h e y we r e d ri u e rr o u t o f
E ng l a n d .

It i s r e co r d e d a l s o , t h a t i n t h e fo r es a i d ba tt e l l , i n w hi c h e a r l e S i w a r d
q
v a n u i s h e d t h e S co t s , o ne o f S i war d s s o n n e s c h an ce d t o b e sl a i ne , w h e re
o f a l th o u g h t h e fa th e r h a d g o o d c a u s e t o b e s o r o w fu l l ,
ye t w h e n h e h e a rd
fi
th a t h e d i e d o f a wo u nd w hi c h h e h a d r e ce i u e d i n g hti ng s t ou t l i e i n t h e
fo r e p ar t o f hi s b o d i e , a nd t h a t w i th h i s fa ce t o wa r d s t h e e n i m i e , h e gr e a t
l i e r e i o i s e d th e r e a t , t o h e ar e th a t h e d i e d s o m a rrfu l l i e .B u t h e re i s t o b e
n o t e d , th a t no t n o w, b u t a l i ttl e b e fo r e ( as H e n r i e H u n t s a i th ) t h a t e a r l e
.

S i wa r d w e n t i n t o S co tl a n d h i m s e l fe i n p e r so n , h e s e n t h i s s o n n e w it h a n
a r m i e t o c o n u e r e t h e l a nd , w h os e h a
q p w a s th e r e t o b e s l a i ne an d w h e n
h i s fa th e r h e a r d t h e n e w e s , h e d e m a n d e d w h e th e r h e r e c e i u e d t h e wo u nd
w h e r e o f h e d i e d , i n t h e fo r e p a r t o f t h e b o d i e , o r i n t h e hi n d e r p ar t a nd
w h e n i t w as t o l d h i m th a t h e r e ce i u e d i t i n t h e fo r e p a r t ; I r e
v 8 49
ro i s o (s a i t h h e ) e u e n W i th a l l m
y h e a r t , fo r I wo’ u l d no t wi s h
e ith e r t o m y s o nn e n o r t o m
y s e l fe a ny o th e r k i nd o f d e a t h .

K IN G MA L CO L M S
’
o a x ve s r o n a , A T G L A M IS .
1
5 2 NO TE S .

k i n i s a d i m i n u t i v e o f l l / ory a n d , l i k e m a u l z n ( o r m o w fez n ) w h i ch i s
' '

’ '

t h e sa m e w o r d , i s o ft e n u s e d a s a c o m m o n n o u n a n d c o n t e m pt u o u s l y
( k i t ch e n w e“n c h ) ; as i n Co r i i 1 2 2 4 ; P er i v 3 3 4 C f T e n n y s o n,
Z -
. . . . . . . .

P r i n cess , v a d r a gg l e d m a w k i n
. Ill a /l i n i s t h e n a m e o f o n e o f t h e .
a

wi t c h e s i n M i d d l e t o n s
’

A t o ad R S co t ( D i s co very of PVz t c /z c r af t , 1 5 84 ) s a y s
'

9 P a dd ock
. . . .

S o m e s ay t h e y [w i t c h e s ] c a n k e e pe d i ve l s a n d s p i r i t s i n t h e l i k e n e sse
c f t o d es a nd c a t s C f H a m ii i 4 1 9 0
”
. . . . . .

T h e w o r d s o m e ti m e s m e a n s a fr o g ; as i n t h e No r th o f E n gl a n d , a c »
c o r d i ng t o G o l d s m ith C f C h a p m a n , Cd sa r a n d P ompey ( 1 6 07) Pad ’
. .

d o ck e s , t o d e s , a n d w a t e r s n a k e s In Ne w E ng l a n d b u l l p a d d o ck
” “ ”
is .
-

a p o p u l a r s y n o n y m fo r b u l l fro g -
.

1 0 A n on . P r e s e n tl y , i m m e d i a t e l y ;
. e s p e c i a ll y b
y w a i t e rs , i n s tead o f

c o m i ng ( Sch m i d t) C f 1 H en J V i i 5 ; ii 4 2 9 , 3 6,
’
t h e m o d e rn
‘
. . . . . . .

4 1 , 49, 5 8 , e tc .

T h e m e an i ng i s , t h a t t o u s , p e r v e rs e a n d m a
“
1 1 F ai r i s f o u l , e t c
. .

l i g na n t a s w e i s on l , cz n d f ou l z s f cz z r ” ( J o h n s o n ) C f S p e n se r,
‘ ' '

/ . .

F Q iv 8 T h e n fa i r e g r e w fo u l e , a nd fo u l e g re w fa i re i n s i g ht
“ ”
° 2
. . .

S C E E II N .
—T h e C
it o r s b e l i e v e t h a t th i s s ce ne wa s n o t w r i tt e n
. P . ed

by S T h ey . e m a rk M a k i ng al l a l l o wa n ce fo c o r u pti o n o f t e xt t h e
r r r ,

y m e t r e i s n o t l i k e S h k s p e a re s w o r k e v e n w h e n h e i s m o s t c ar e
’
s l ve rz l
o a e ,

l e ss T h e b o m bas ti c ph r ase o l o gy o f t h e s e rgea n t i s n o t l i k e S h a k e

.

s p ea r e s l a n g u ag e e v e n w h e n h e i s m o s t b o m b a s ti c
’
W h a t i s sai d o f t h e .

t h a n e o f C a wd o r l i nes 5 2 5 3 i s i n co ns i s t e n t w i t h w h a t fo l l ows i n s ce n e
, , ,

i i i l i n es 72 73 a n d 1 1 2 s q q W e m a y a dd th a t S h ak e s p e a re s go o d ’

g a s e ve re l y
.
, , .

s e n s e w o u l d h a r d l y h a v e t o l e ra t e d t h e a b s u r d ity o f s e n d i n

wo nd e d s o l d i e r t o c a r r y t h e n e ws o f a v i c t o r y
”
u .

O n th i s l as t p o i n t M r F u r n i v a l l ( Tr n N w S / m/ S c 1 8 74 p 49 9 ) . a s . e
c
s . o .
, .

s ay s : M r D a n i e l h a s a l r e a d y a n s w e r e d thi s b y s h o w i ng th a t t h e
“
.

s e r ge a n t i s n ot s e n t ; t h a t n o v i ct o r y h a d b e e n wo n w h e n h e l e ft t h e
fie l d th a t t h e m a n s e n t wi th n ew s o f th e v i c t o r y w as R o ss th t a

t h e wo u nd e d s e rg e a n t w a s o n ly m e t b y D u n ca n e t c C f W e i ss
”
3 64 , . .
, .

1 . B o d e ns t e d t (c i t e d b y F u r n e ss ) r e m a r k s h a t
B l ood y . t hi s w o rd t “

bl oody r e a pp e a rs o n a l m o s t e v e r y p a g e , a nd r u n s l i k e a r e d t h re a d th r o u g h
t h e w h o l e pi e ce i n n o o th e r o f S h ak e s p e are s d ra m a s i s i t s o fr e u e n t
’ ” '

q .

3 S erg ea n t
. H e r e a t r i s yl l a b l e G r 4 79 .In t h e s t age d i r e c ti o n o f th e . . .

fo l i o w e fi n d i n t hi s l i n e o f t h e
“ ”
a bl eed i n
g Cap ta i n e, b u t S er i e an t
tex t
q
.

5 . fl ai l . M e t r i ca l l y i va l e n t t o a d i ss yl l ab l e ( G r
e u .

6 . S ay i lze k n w l edg e
o T e l l w h a t yo u k no w
. S ay 0ft e n = t e l l . . Cf .

Cy m l) iv “
y h i s na m e C ry E i 1 2 9 : s ay i n b r i e f
'

”
. 2 .
3 76 : sa . . . .
, , the
ca us e , e tc .

B r oi l B a ttl e ; as o ft e n i n S
. C f 1 H en I V i 1 3 , 4 7 ; Cor . . . . . . . i ii . 2 .

81 Ot /z i 3 8 7, e tc . . . .

7 O n t h e m e a s u r e , s e e G r 5 06
. . .

9 Cook e t h ei r a r t T h a t i s , d r o wn e a c h o th e r b y r e n d e r i ng t heir
“
. .

s k i l l i n s w i m m i ng u s e l e ss (C P C f Al one, v 1 3 . . . . .
 A CT ] . S CE NE I] .
1
53

M a cd on wa l d fo l i o ; t h e o th ers h a v e M a ed o n
The r ea d n i g o f 1 5 1:
“

ne l H o l i ns h e d c a ll s hi m M a cd o w a d
” ”
l
fi
. .

l 0 To o m T o t h a t e nd G r 1 86 H i s m u l tip l i e d vil l a i n i e s
. t _
. . .

h i m fo r t h a t re b e l s t r a d e ( M obe rl y
’

M r F l e a y th i n k s t h a t t hi s l i n e i s S h ak es p e ar e s, r e t a i ne d b y M i d
’
1 1 . .

d l e t o n w h e n h e s u b s tit u t e d t h i s s ce n e fo r t h e o r i g i na l o n e .

1 3 Of l eer n s a n d g a l l owg l a sses

.
s w i th ; as o ft e n See G r 1 7 1 . . . .

A er ns w e re l i o g ht a r m e d so l d i e rs S e e R i ck I] p 1 75 , n o t e o n R ug
y
. . . .

nea d ed k er n s Ga /l owg l a sses w e r e h e a v ar m e d t r o o p s C t 2 H en VI

'
' -
. . . . .

i v 9 26
. .Of ga l l o wgl a sses a nd s t o u t k e n s r
”
8 t a k e s b o t h wo r d s fro m . .

H o l i n s h e d (s e e p C f v 7 1 7 be l o w S e e a l so D r ay t o n, H er oz co l
'

. . . . .

B r u ce n ow s h ll b ri ng h i s
a R
fr o m t h e
e ds h a nk s se as,
F r om th e is l e d O r ea d s a n d t h e H e bri d es ;
A n d t o h i s w e st e r n hv
a e ns g i e fr e e a ss v p
l
T o a n d t h e Ke r n e I h and ri s Ga l l i gl as se ” .

1 4 .
Q u a r r el . J o h n so n s
y o f t h e e ar l y ’
e m e n d a ti o n fo r the
“
q u a rr

eds A s t h e w o r d o c c u r s i n H o l i n s h e d s r e l a ti o n o f thi s v e r y fac t i t i s

’

p r o b ab l y t h e r i gh t o n e b u t m a n y e d i t o rs r e t a i n qu a r ry K s ays
.
,

We
h a v e i t i n t h e s a m e se nse i n Cor i 1 2 02 ; t h e d a m n e d q u ar r y b e i ng
.
, .

‘ ’
. . .

t h e d o o m e d a r m y o f k e r n s a n d g a l l o wg l as s e s w h o a l t h o u g h F o r t u n e d e , ,

c e i t fu l l y s nri l e d o n t h e m fl e d b e fo r e t h e s w o r d o f M a cb e t h a n d b e ca m e

h i s qu o m y —h i p r e y
,

s .

F o r qu r r el 1 11 thi s se n s e ( ca n se o r occa sz on o f a q uar re l ) cf B aco n

a z
.

E ssay 8 S o as a M a n m a y h a ve a Q u ar re l l t o m a rr y w h e n h e w i ll ;
La ti m e r S er m on on C/z r zstm a s D ay : t o l i v e and d i e i n G od s q u arre l
.
,
’
'

o u r war ra n t e d q u a rr e l
, ,

Cf i v 3 1 37
”
etc . . . . .

A pp e ar e d C f M of V i v 1 1 9 6
’
1 5 S /z ow d
. . . . . . .

t h l y p w d th th h w l i k t G d
Wh m y
A d
’
n ea r o er o en s o es o s
j t en e rc s ea so n s u s i ce .
”

Th e m e a n i ng i s th a t F o r t u n e w h il e s h e s m il e d o n h i m d ece i ve d h i m , ,

( M a l o ne ) .

1 9 M i n i on . F a vo u r it e d a r l i ng It i s t h e F re nc h m zz
.
gn on C f Te mp , .
r
. . .

iv 1 98
. . M a rs s h o t m i n i o n a nd s e e n o t e Temp p 1 3 6
:
’
, . . .

W/z z cb A s D r e m a r k s i f t hi s i s t h e r i g ht w o rd i t i s e q u i v a l e n t t o
'

21 . . .
, ,

P r o b a b l y t h e r e i s s o m e c o rr u p ti o n o f th e t e xt C a pe l l s
’
who G r 265
. . . .

e m e nd a t i o n o f A n d n e e r i s a d o pt e d by S r a n d D (2 d
’
As t he . .

t e xt s t an d s t h e m e a n i ng i s M acd o nw a l d d i d no t t ak e l e a v e o f n o r b i d
, , ,

fa r e w e l l t o h i s a n t ago n i s t ti l l M a cb e th h a d s l a i n hi m
, ( C P . .

22 No ne Na v e l W a rb s ugges t ed n a p e ”
S t e e ve ns c i t es Nas h “

T h e n fro m t h e n a v e l t o t h e th r o a t a t o n ce H e r ip t o l d
. . . . .
,
“
D i d o ( 1 59 4 )
P r i am
”
.

2 4 Cou i n . M a cb e th and D u ncan we r e bo t h gra nd sons o f Ki ng M a l

s .

co l m .

25 G n s . T h e I S t
z fo
'

l i o h as .
g i n s h e r e ( a n d “
gi n in v 5 th e
’
. .

o th e r fo l i o s gi n s In e v e r y o th e r i ns t a n c e i n w h i c h g i n s o r g u n o c c u rs
”
.

i n t h e 1 s t fo l i o ( Temp i ii Cor ii 2 1 1 9 ; 2 H en 1 V i .Ham . . . . . . . .

i 5 9 0 ; Cy m b i i 3 2 2 v 3 3 7 v 5 1 9 7) t h e a p o s t ro ph e i s o m itt e d
. . . . .
,
. .
, . . .

Nare s s a y s u nd e r g i n U s ua l l y s u pp o se d t o b e a co n t rac ti o n o f beg i n

, ,
1 54 NO TE S .

bu t h o wn b y M r T o d d t o b e t h e o r i g i n a l w o r d
s S c h m i d t a l s o i v es i t
g
”

a s a c o m pl e t e w o r d a n d r e co g n i z e s c n 1 11 L L L i v
. .

1 06 a s i t s p a s t a . .

t e nse — a n o l d fo r m w hi c h S p e ns e r s o m e ti m e s u s e s A b b o tt ( G r 460)
. . .
,

d o e s n o t g i v e g z n i n h i s l i s t o f w o r d s i n w hi c h p e fi x e s a r e d r o pp e d
. .

’
’
r

( t h o ug h h e g i v e s s o m e w o d s th a t o u g ht n o t t o b e th e re as g l b eg e t r , e :
,

fia w ou r pl a n co m pl ai n t n d a tt e n d
,
z n o r d o e s h e r e fe r a n
z
y in ,
e ,

s t a n ce o f g n o r g a n t o § 4 6o i n h i s z In d e x o u o t a t i o n s R i ch a r d s o n .
,

i n h i s D t s a ys : G i n a n d t h e p r e t g a n a r e i n c o m m o n u s e w i th o u r
’

zc

o l d w r it e r s w ith o u t t h e p r e fi x be :
.
, , ,

a n d o n e o f h i s e x a m pl es
( H ak l uyt s
’

by age v o l i p 1 8 7 s, T h e re fo r e I g i n n e t o w r yt e n o w o f t h e s e e )
. . . :
“ ”

p r o v es t h a t t h e w o r d h ad n o t ce as e d t o b e u se d e v e n i n pr ose i n t h e , ,

ti m e o f S T h e e d i t o r s o ft e n co n fo u nd th e s e o bs o l e t e s i m pl e wo r d s w i th
.

c o n t ra cti o ns o f th e i r co m p o u n d s n o w i n use S e e Temp p 1 1 8 ( n o t e o n . . .

H es ts ) M er p 1 5 3 ( no t e o n Ha t e d ) 7 C p 1 82 ( n o t e o n Now som e
, . .
, . . .

a n d R i c/z H p 1 62 ( no t e o n H a t/ tou r )
. . . .

O n t h e ge n e r a l m e a n i ng o f t hi s p a ss a ge S r s a y s T h e a ll u s i o n i s t o
t h e s t o r m s t h a t p re v a i l i n s p r i ng a t t h e ve r n a l e q u i n o x —t h e e q u i n o c ti a l
, .

T h e b e g i n n i ng o f t h e r e fl e c ti o n o f t h e s u n ( cf
,

gal es S o fr o m t h a t ‘
. .

s p r i n g ) i s t h e e p o c h o f hi s p as s i n g fr o m t h e s e v e e t o t h e m il d e s t s e a
’
r

s n O p e n i ng h o we v e r w i th s t o r m s T h e C P e d e xpl a i ns i t t h u s
”
o

A s t h u n d e r a n d s t o r m s s o m e t i m e s c o m e fro m t h e E a s t t h e q a r t e r
. . .
, , , .

“
,
u

fr o m w hi c h w e e xp e c t t h e s u n i se s o o u t o f vi c t o ry a n e w d a ng e r a i s e s r , r .
”

3 1 N r wey n . T h e s p e l l i ng o f t h e fo l i o as i n l i n e 5 2 a nd i 3 9 5 b e l o w
o a .
, . . .

S r vey i ng va n tag e
u P e r ce ivi ng h i s o pp o r t u n i t y T h e ph r a s e i s u se d . .

i n a d i tfe r e n t s e ns e i n R i c/z [ I] v 3 1 5 L e t u s s u r v e y t h e v a n t age o f

t h e fiel d
. . . .

B u r n i s h ed ; t h a t i s n o t be for e u se d i n t h e fi g h t no t
.

32 .
, ,

ye t s t a i ne d w i th b l o o d .

3 4 Capt a i n s
. A t r i s yl l a b l e h e r e G r 4 77 5 06 . . .
, .

3 6 S oot/z . T r u th S e e fo o t n o t e p 1 4 7 a n d c f v 5 4 0 b e l o w
. .
-

, .
, . . . .

3 7 Cr a ck . C h a rge s ; a n e x am pl e o f nre t o nym y t h e e ffe c t be i ng p ut

s .
,

f r t h e cau s e
o Fo r Temp i a nd T o A i i 1
f 3
M a l o ne q u o t es t h e o l d pl a y o f [( z n
. . . . . . . .

t h e e c h o o f a ca n
“
cr

n o n s cr a c k
’ ’
.

3 8 S o t /z ey
. . T he C . P . ed i t o rs p re fe r t o pu t t h ese wo r d s a t t h e e n d o f
t he p re ce d i ng l i n e . Sr . a nd D fo l l o w i ng S t ee ve ns a nd M a l o ne m a k e
.
, ,

t h e m a se p ara te l i ne .

O n d ou bl y r ed on e/ed , c f R i ck I] 3 80 . . . i . . .

4 0 M em or i z e. a k e m e m o r a b e , r e n d e r fa m o u s Th e m e a ni ng i s
. M l .
,

th
m a l e a no e r G o go a , w c s o u d b e ce e b ra e d a n d d e e re d d o w n l th hi h h l l t l iv
to p t i ty it h
os e r w a s fr e u e n m e n o n a s t h e rs
”
( H e a h) H a we q t ti fi t t . ll i ll
it i
c e s V c ar s , Tr a n s o f V7 rgz l ( 1 63 2 )
' '

Th hG i h
WA idth lt d l l kvi t i ft d Id d m lmm i t i
m pt iv d q
’ ’
l d oug rec a n s e as or s o re s e ca ue ,
annua o es an ue so e n e s,
’
g g n a ar -
ec n s, e o r rz e .

C f a l s o H en V[1 1 i i i 2 5 2
. F o r Golg t/z a s e e M a /5 x v 2 2
. . . . . o , r , .

t r e xpl a i ns t hi s a s = I k n o w no t wh a t t o “
4 1 [ ca n n
. t t el l J H u n e o . .

s a y o r th i n k o f i t a nd c i t e s T
f S iv 3 2 I ca nno t t e l l
“ ’
o I fe a r t i s
,
. . . .
°

ch o l e r i c
”
O n t h e m e as u re se e G r 5 1 1
.
, . .
, 55 NO TE S .

5 8 T/z a t . O n t h e o m i ss i o n o f so, se e G r 2 83
n ow . Cf i 7 8 ; 11 2 7 . . . . . . .

1 1 2 23 ; i v 3 6 ; i v 3 8 2
. . . . . . .

5 9 Nor w ay s.
’
No r we g i a n s ’
S e e G r 43 3
. . . .

Composi t i on T e rm s o f p e a ce C f M f or M i 2 2 . If t h e d u k e . . . .

w i th t h e o t h e r d u k es co m e n o t t o co m p os i ti o n w i th t h e k i n g o f H unga r y ,
w h y t h e n a l l t h e d u k e s fa l l u p o n t h e k i ng
”
.

6 1 S a i n t Col m e s l u ck T h e Is l a n d o f S t C o l u m b a, n o w In ch c o l m ,
’
. . .

a n i s l e t i n t h e F i r t h o f F or th , a b o u t t wo m i l es s o u t h o f A b e r d o u r . H e re
a r e t h e r e m a i n s o f a m o n as t e r y fo u n d e d i n 1 1 2 3 b A l e x an d e r who
y
h a d b e e n d r iv e n 011 t h e i s l a nd b y s t r ess o f w e a th e r T h e r e i s a l so a n .

o ra t o r y o f r u d e co n s t r u c ti o n , p r o b a b l y a s o l d as t h e 9 t h ce n t u r y St . .

C o l u m b a i s s a i d t o h a ve r e s i d e d h e re fo r a t i m e ; b u t t h e i sl an d m u s t
n o t b e c o n fo u n d e d w it h C o l m e s k ill , Ico l m k i l l , o r Io na , tl z e Is l a n d o f S t -
.

C o l u m b a, o t n h e w es t co a st o f S co tl a n d , w h e e t h e g r a c i o u s D u nc a n
r
“

(se e i i 4 33 b e l o w ) w as l a i d b e s i d e h i s r o y a l p r e d e ce ss o r s
. . .

[ w e ( t h e G ae l i c i n i s , i s l a nd ) i s fo u nd i n t h e n a m es o f m a n y S c o t c h
i s l a nd s , a s Irrc hk e i t h , In ch k e n ne t h , Inch m u rri rr, Inc h cr u i n, C l a i r i n ch ,
T o r r i n c h , B u c i n c h , et c .

6 2 D ol l a r s O f co u rs e , a n a n a c h ro n i s m ( a s t h e C P e d p o i n t s o u t ) ,
fi
. . . . .

t h e t b a l er , o r d o l l a r, h a v i ng b ee n r s t co i n e d ab o u t 1
5 1 8 , i n t h e Va ll e y o f
S t J oa c hi m B o h e m i a
. l a l e r i s p r o b a b ly d e r i v e d fro m t /z a l , va l l e y
, . .

6 4 B os om i n t er es t “
C l os e a n d i n ti m a t e affe c ti o n ( C P ”
Cf
M
. . . . .

o
f V i i i 4 1 7 :
“
b.o s o m l.o v e r
”
. S c h m i d t e xpl a i ns i n te r es t h e r e as : .

c o n ce r n , a d v a n t age O n t h e m e as ur e , s e e G r 5 0 1 . . .

P r esen t Im m ed i a t e .Cf 7 C ii 2 5 : G o b i d t h e p r i e s t s d o p r es
. . . . . .

2 H en I V i v 3 8 0 : T o Y o r k , t o p re se n t e x e c u ti o n
” “ ”
e n t s a cri fice ;
M
. . . . .

S o p r esen tly i ns t a n tl y ; as i n f
o V i 1 1 8 3 :
“
G o p r e se n tly i n
q
. . .

u i re S e e a n o th e r e x a m pl e i n t h e n e x t n o t e b e l o w
”
. .

SC E III 2 N E .
—
W c e s s e e m t o a e b ee n m os s u s e c e d o f m a ce
. it h h v t p t li
a ga n s i t
s w ne i
D r H a r s n e t o bse r es . a , abo u a . m e , a s o w co u d v th t t th t ti l
i
n o t b e s ck o f t h e m e a s e s , n o r a g r o f t h e s u l l e rrs , b u t s o m e o l d w o m a n l i l
w as c a r ge d w w hc c afr
”
ith
( o nso n ) S te e ve ns c es A D etecti on of it h t J h . it
D a m n a bl e D r ift es p r a ct z z ed by Tl i r ce I Vi tc/z es , e t c ( 1 5 79 ) s h e ca m e o n
'

/
.

a t me to the
y o u se o f o n e R o b e r h
L a th b u r i e, w h o , d i s l yk i ng h e r t
d e a l yng, s e n h e r o m e e m pt i e ; b u t t r ese n h
a f e r h e r d e ar u r e , hi s p tl y t p t
ll i
h ogge s fe s ck e a nd d e d , t o t h e n u m b e r o f t w e n t i e
”
i .

5 Gi ve m e
. F or t h e o m s s o n o f t h e d re c o b e c , cf R a n d
. iv 1 i i i t j t . . . .

1 21
“
G e me, g e m e !
”
iv iv
6 A r oi n t t /z ee C f ea r , 4 1 29 : Aro n e e , w c , a ro n L ee i ii i t thi t th it h
y
. . . . .

T h e m e a n ng i s e d e n “
i
A wa w ee !
”
vi tl y
b u t t h e d e r va o n o f i th t h i ti
a r oi n t h a s b e e n m u c d s u ed S e e ra a u o r e s s a e h i p t a
“
R n v l th i ti t t th t y t
hi fly
.

th ee !
”
or
’
Ro i n t ee !
”
is s u se d i n es re , c the by m k m a d s ti l l C h hi il i
i i
i n b d d ng a co w ge t o u t o f t h e w ay S ee Na re s a nd W b In a n o l d . .

d a w ng r e e e
r r s n i n g t h e H a r r o p
w n g o f H e ,
”
ti r s i s i n t h e a ct o f i ll Ch i t
l i
r e e a s n g var o u s s o u s fr o m t h e m o u i l o f the , w e th e a o n ed th pi t hi l pp i t
t
c u s o d an a i
e a rs t o b e b o w ng a pp o rn as a s
g na o f a ar m ; a b o e h i s l i h i l l v
h e ad i s t h e e ge n d ,
“
O u t o u t a ro n l ”
T h e 3 d a n d 4 t h fo o s a e y t . li h v
A n o y nt , w c o nso n a hi h J h
r o e d as c ns s e n
o w t he
“
co mm o n pp v i t t i th
 ACT ] S CE IVE [I] 1 57
. .

acco u n t
wi t ch e s , wh o are r e l a t e d t o p e r fo r m m a ny s u p e r na t u r a l a c t s b y
of
m e a ns o f u ngue n t s , a n d p a r ti c u l a l y t o y t o t h e i r h e l l i s h fe s tiv a l s
r
”
fl .

R u mp f ed A cc o r d i ng t o C o l e pe pp e r thi s m e a n s fe d o n o ffa l ( k i d n e y s ,
q
-

r u m p s , a n d o th e r s c r a p s b e i ng a m o n g t h e l o w p e r u i s i t e s o f t h e k i t c h e n

g i ve n aw a y t o t h e p o o r ) , b u t m o re l i k e l i t m e a n s w e l l fe d : “
s h e fe d y
0 11 b e s t j o i n t s , I h u n gr y a ird b e gg i ng fo r a c h e s t n u t ( M ob e r ly ) Na r es
”
.

(e n d o r s e d b y S ch m i d t ) t hi n k s i t m ea ns f”a t r u m p e d
y
.

It’ ony on A s ca bb y o r m a ng wo m a n
. S ee W b Th e w o r d i s u se d . .

a g a i n i n Ill W i v 2 1 95 . . . .

7 A l epp o
. F r o m th i s pl a ce th e r e w as a l a rge car a v a n t ra d e t o Is p a
.

h a n, B u s s o r a , a n d D a m a scu s In H a k l u yt s Voy ag es ( 1 5 89 ) t h e r e ar e a c
’

L
.

c o u n t s o f a v o y age m a d e t o A l e pp o b y t h e s h i p T i g e r o f o nd o n , 1 11 1 8
5 3 .

C f T IV
. v . .
“
A n d. th i s rs h e t h a t d i d t h e T i ge bo a rd
r
”
.

8 A s i eve
. A fa v o u r i t e cra ft w i t h w i t c h e s
. S i r W D a v e n a n t s ay s , . .

i n h i s A l bovi n e H e s i ts l i k e a w i t c h s a il i g 1 11 a s i e v e
n
”
S t ee v
q L
.

e ns u o t e s New es f r om S cot l a n d , or t / z e d a m n a bl e if e of D r Fi a n , a .

n ota bl e S o r cer er , e t c , w h e r e i n i t i s t o l d h o w s u n d r y w i t c h e s we n t t o
“
.

sea , e a c h o n e i n a r i d d l e o r c iv e
”
.

9 Wi t /t ou t a ta i l
. It wa s b e l i e v e d th a t a w i t c h co u l d t a k e t h e fo rm o f
.

a n y a n i m a l , b u t th a t t h e t a i l wo u l d b e w a n ti ng A cco r d i ng t o S i r F .

M a d d e n, o n e d i s ti n c ti v e m a r k o f a w e rwo l f, o r h u nran b e i ng c h a nge d t o

a w o l f, w a s t h e a b s e n ce o f a t a il .

“
Sh e t h r e a t e n s , i n t h e s h a p e o f a r at , t o g n a w th r o u g h
’
10 I ll d
. o .

t h e h u l l o f t h e T i ge r a nd m a k e h e r s p r i ng a l e a k (C P . .

1 1 S t e e ve n s r e m ar k s th a t th i s fr e e gi ft o f a w i n d i s t o b e co n s i d e r e d
.

as a n a ct o f s i s t e r ly fr i e n d s h i p , fo r w i t c h e s w e r e s u pp o s e d t o s e l l t h e m

L
.

/V i l l a n d Tes ta m en t ( 1 600)
’
C f S u m ne r s a s t I
.

i n re a n d a n d I l e n m ar k b o t , D h
WW ht hh i c
ic
e s fo r g o d w i
i n t h e co r n e r
se

o f a n
l
a m an a wi n d ,
a k i n w ra
’
ll
d,
ll
p p
,

S h ll l a ht t ll
b o w h i m s a fe u n o w a coas h e w i t .

Th e C . P . ed . q u o t e s D rayt o n M oon Ca lfi l i ne 8 6 5 ,
-

Sh l d ll wi d t
e co uy th t w ld se n s o an on e a ou
B y th m f i g th m t h l d
WWhhi thti mv h tl ih t d tf t h m dii d t h d
u m
a
y f e

e
or
s e
one
s e
,

,
o rc n
ie e
e
n a
o o
r ea .

TTh yt h m p t tlwhd h ih wi l lwd l di vd i v

o
e
c
r ose
e
e

sa
er as
o r s ca n

e or
e
e
se a a re r

, as
e re as
un
s sa

e
s
ou
,
ou
a rr e
r

.
”
e,

14 . Oth er . Se e G r . 12 .

1 5 A n d t /z e
. very p or ts t/z ey bl ow . T hat rs , h i c h t h e y b l ow J o h n
to w
s on w i s h e d t o r ea d v ar i o us “
fo r ve7y ,
a nd P o p e p o i n t s fo r p 0 ts ”
7

The C P e d i t ors t hi nk t h a t
. or s t ”
fo r p or ts s e e m s s til l m o re p ro b
“

ab e l .

nipm a n s ca r d T h e c a r d o f t h e co m p a ss xpl a i n i t
’
1 7 Tb c s So m e e
q L
. . .

H a l l i we l l u o t e s T/z e
'

c h ar t o a l S z d ect
‘

y y
z
as . .

Th e g o o d n e ss i n o u r m i n d s , ’ h a sh e ws y e
ca r d o f y t t
WThh t a
e n y e sa i
t ro u gh
l l
fa se ; t h e n e e d e t o nc h d w i
h
t h e b a ck e s s t o r m s s i
on o u r ,
l
o i n s at a t
l
i n es s, "
th h
t ll p t h pp e t c.

Cf . a sol P o p e , E ssay on Man , i i 1 08

.
1 q8
V
NO TE S .

O n i fe l ’
s v t as o cean d i versel vw e sai l ,
R e as o n t h e ca rd , but p a ss i o n rs t h e ga l e .

Fo r s /z ipm a n , cf T a n d C v 2 1 72 a l s o 1 Ki ngs , . . 2 7 a n d A c ts , x x vi l
. . . ix . .

2 7, 3 0 .

2 0 P en t I . z ou s e l i d . M a l o n e c i t es D e ck e r, Gu l l s H or n e B ook e : T h e
-
’
-

t w o e y es a r e t h e g l a s se w i nd o we s , a t w h i c h l i g ht d i s p e rs es i t s e l f i n t o c v
r o o m e , h a v i ng go o d l i e p e n t h o u s e s o f h a i re t o o ve r s h a dd o w th e m
”
er
y
y
-
.

C f a l so D r a t o n , D a vi d a n d Gol i a t/i
.

H i s b r o w s, i k e t w o l st e e p p then -
o u se s, h u ng d o wn
v i
O er h s e e id s
”
yl .

21 F or bi d
. U n d e r a b a n , o r a c c ur s e d
.
-

P r o b a b ly s u gge s t e d by H o l i n s h e d s a cc o u n t o f t h e b e w it c hi n g
’
2 2, 23 .

o f Ki ng D u ffe ( s e e p .

3 2 W e
.i rd T h e fo l i o s h a v e . w e y wa r d T h e o s u b s ti t u t e d w ei r d , . .

w hi c h i s H o l i ns h e d s w o r d T h e w e i rd s i s t e rs i s G a w i n D o u gl a s s
’ “ ” ’
.

t ra n s l a ti o n o f Vi r gi l s P ar cae F o r t h e d e r i v a ti o n o f w ei r d , s e e W b
’
.
.

F o r t h e d i s s yll a b i c p ro n u n c i a t i o n o f t h e wo r d , s e e G r 4 8 5 ; a n d c f i i 1 . . . .

2 0, i i i 4 1 3 3 , a n d i v 1 1 3 6
. . . . .

S p e e d y t ra v e l l e rs ( Sc h m i d t )
”
3 3 P oster s
. . .

3 4 A s t h e C P e d i t o r s r e m a r k , t h e w i t c h es h e re t ak e h o l d o f h a n d s
. .

a n d d a n ce r o u n d i n a r i n g n i n e t i m e s , th r e e r o u n d s fo r e a c h w i t c h , a s a

c h a r m fo r t h e fu r th e r a n c e o f th e i r p u r p os e s M u l ti pl e s o f t h r e e a nd
y
.

n i n e w e re s p e c i a l l a f e c t e d b y w i t c h e s , a n c i e n t a nd m o d e r n Se e O v i d .

M et x i v 5 8
. .

T er n o vi es carm e n m ag i co d e m u r m u r a t ore ;
a n d vrr . 1 89 —191

T e r se c o n ve r t i t ; t er s u m pt i s fl u m i n e cr i n e m
0

t
l rr o rav rt a q u rs ; e r n i s u l u l a t rb u s o ra
”
S o vi t
l .

38 . F ou l a nd
P e r a s r e fe r r ng t o t h e s u dd e n c a nge i n t h e
f ai r . h p i h
th
w e a e r, br o ug a bo u b y w c c ra f ; ht
e r a s, as E w n e t a ns it h t p h p l i xpl i i t
“
f ou l w ith
r e a r d t o t h e we a
g e r , a n d f ai r w r e fe r e n ce t o h i s c or th i th vi t y
q
.

i
A cco r d ng t o D e u s ( u o e d b y F u r n e ss ) , “ li
ac b e e n e r s e n ga ge d t M th t
t l i
i n a k ng w ith qB a n u o a b o u t h e a ry n g fo r u n e o f t h e d a y o f b a e t v i t ttl
w c hi h th y
e j t xp i
h ad u s e e r e n ce d .

3 9 F or r es F o r t es i s o n t h e s o u e r n s ore o f e o ra Fr , a bou th h th M y i th '

t
i ty th
. .

t we n ty
fi ve m es fr o m In e r n e s s
-

il
A t i t s w es e r n e r e m ere i s a v . t xt
n e rg h t c o m m an d n i
g t h e r e r , t h e e e co u n r t o t h e s o u , a nd t h e iv l v l t y th
t o wn H e re a r e t h e r u ns o f a n a n c e n c a s e , a s ro ng o d o f t h e E a r s
. i i t tl t h l l
of M
o ra Som e be e e y a
. li v th t it
wa s t h e r e s d e n ce o f D u n ca n , a n d i
t
a f e rw ard s o f a cb e , w e n t h e co u r M th h
was a t F o rr e s t No t fa r d s a n . i t t
i s t h e fa m o u s “
b as ed ea , of w c l t h thn
g sa s :hi h K i h t
T e re i s n ot a y h
m o re d re a r y pi l
e c e o f m o o r a n d t o b e fo u n d i n a l l S co a n d It i s w tl . ith
o ut t
r e e o r s r ub h
A fe w a c e s o f o a s a r e p t h
s b e
. t vi i
e r e a nd e r e, a nd l h th
t h e e ye r e o s e s 011 a fi r p
a n a o n a t o ne e pl t ti
rem xt
y ; bu t al l aro u nd i s it
l
b e a k a n d b r o wn, m a d e u p o f p e a t a n d b o g w a e r , w t
e s o n es a n d b u s e s hi t t h
o f fu rz e l ti
T h e d e so a o n o f t h e s ce n e i n s o r m
. t y
we a e r, o r w e n t h e th h
t ili ht
w g fo gs a r e r a ng o e r t h e a t ili
e ss eav p t hl
or se h th
ng d o wn u o n ttl i p
t hep l o o s , m us be nd es c r ba b e
”
t i i l .
1 60 NO TE S .

43 l m a n m ay qu esti on
at A r e ye an
y b e ng s w i ith w hi c h m an i s
q
. .

p e rm i tt e d t o h o l d co n v e rse , o r of w hom i t l
i s a w fu t o l a sk ues ti o ns ? ”

( J o h n s o n)
45 . S /z on l d . S ee G r 3 23 , . and c f . i . 2 .
46 ab o ve .

S t q uotes B H on es t Il/ an
’
46 . B ea r d s . . an d F s F o r t u n e, 11 . 1

An d t h e wo m e n a th t
C om e to u s, fo r d i sg u i se s m u s w e ar b e ar d s ; t
th y A nd a th t ’
s, e sa y , a t o k e n o f a w rt c h
”
_

C f a l s o M l V i v 2 2 02 : I t hi n k t h e o m a n i s a w it c h i nd e e d ; I l i k e
“ ’
/
. . . .

n o t w h e n a o m a n h as a g re a t p e a rd
’

In S co tl a n d a l wa y s p r o n o u nce d a s a m o n o syl l ab l e
.

“
4 8 Gl m i a s.

w it h t h e o p e n s o u nd o f t h e fi rs t v o w e l a s i n a l m s
.
, ,

( Se y m o u )
”
, r .

G l a m i s o r G l a m m i s i s a vil l age a b o u t t we n t y fi ve m i l es n o r th e as t o f
, ,

P e r th i n a v e r y b e a u ti fu l s it u a ti o n t Ne a r b y rs G l a m i s C a s tl e per h a ps i

t h e fi i re s t a nd m os t pi c t u r e s q u e o f t h e S co tti s h ca s tl e s n o w i n h a b i t e d
.
, .
”
.

In i t s p res e n t fo r m i t d a t e s ba c k o n ly t o t h e 1 7t h c e n t u r y th o u g h p o r ti o ns
T h e o i g i na l cas tl e w a s fr e q ue n tly u s e d a s a r e s
, ,

o f i t a e m uch ol d er
r . r

i d e nce by t h e S c o tti s h k i ngs e s p e c i a l ly by A l e x a n d e r II i n 1 2 6 3 64

R o be r t II ga v e i t t o J o h n L y o n w h o h a d m a rr i e d h i s d a g ht e r b t i n
-
.
, .

.
, u , u

1 5 3 7 i t r e v e t e d t o t h e C ro w n a n d J a m es V o c c u pi e d i t fo r s o m e ti m e
r , . .

S i r W a l t e r S co tt s a y s I w as o n ly n i n e t e e n o r t w e n ty y e a rs o l d w h e n
I h a pp e ne d t o p ass a n i g ht i n t hi s m ag n i fi ce n t o l d b a r o n i a l c a s tl e T he .

h o a r y o l d pi l e co nt a i ns m u c h i n i t s a pp e a ra n ce a nd i n t h e t ra d iti o n s ,

c o n n ec t e d w i t h i t i m p re s s i v e t o t h e i m a i n a t i o n It w as t h e s ce n e o r
g
t h e m u r d e r o f a S c o tti s h k i ng o f gr e a t a n ti q u i ty
.
,

n o t i nd e e d t h e g ra c i o u s
D u n ca n w ith w h o m t h e n a m e n a t u r a l l y a s so c i a t es i t b u t M a l c o l m II
, ,
.

It c o n t a i n s a l s o a c u r i o u s m on u m e n t o f t h e p e r il o f fe u d a l ti m e s b e i ng a ,

s e c r e t c h a m b e r t h e e n t r a n ce t o w hi c h b
, y t h e l a w o r c u s t o m o f t h e fa m i ly ,

m u s t o n l y b e k no w n t o th r e e p e rso ns a t o n ce — t h e E a r l o f S t r a t h rn e
,

or ,

h i s h e i r a pp a r e n t a n d a n y t hi r d p e r s o n w h o m t h e y m a y t a k e i n t o th e i r
c o n fi d e n ce T h e e xt r e m e a n ti q u i ty o f t h e b u i l d i ng i s v o c h e d b y t h e
-

. u

i m m e nse thi ck n e s s o f t h e wa l l s a nd t h e w il d a n d s t ra ggl i ng a r ra nge m e n t ,

o f th e ac c o m m o d a ti o n wi thi n d o o r s I w as c o n d u c t e d t o m y a p a r t m e n t .

i n a d i s t a n t co r ne r o f t h e b u il d i ng ; a n d I m u s t o w n t h a t as I h e ar d d o o ,
r

a ft e r d o o r s h u t a ft e r m
y c o n d u c t o r h a d r e ti re d I b e ga n t o c o n s i d e r m y
, ,

s e l f t o o fa r fr o m t h e l i vi n
g a n d s o m e w h a t t o o n e ar t h e d e a d
”
.

In fr o n t o f t h e m a n s e a t G l a m i s i s a n a n ci e n t s c u l pt u r e d o b e l i s k ( s e e
c u t p 1 0) ca l l e r Ki ng M a l co l m s G r a v es t o ne a nd h e r e t r a d i ti o n s ay s
“ ’
, 5 .
,

h e w as b u r i e d .

5 1 C o l e r i d g e c o m m e n t s o n th i s s p e e c h a n d t h e co n t e xt a s fo l l o w s
.

B t O ! h o w t r l y S h a k e s p e a r i a n i s t h e o p e n i ng o f M a cb e th s c h a r
’
u u

a ct e r g i v e n i n t h e o f B a n q u o s m i n d w h o l l y p re s e n t t o
’
np c ed n u oss ss es s

t h e p r e se n t o bj e c t — a h
,

n s u ll i e d u n s c a r i fi e d m i rr o r ! A n d h o w s t i c tl y
u r

t r u e t o n a t u re i t i s th a t B a n q u o a nd n o t M a cb e t h h i m se l f d i re c t s r
,

, ,
ou

n o ti ce t o t h e e ffe c t p r o d u c e d 0 M a cb e t h s m i n d r e n d e r e d t e rn pta b l e b y ’
11 ,

p r e v i o u s d a l l i a nc e o f th e fa n cy w i t h a m b iti o u s th o ug ht s
Se e c u t on p . 8 : and fo r G l am is C as tl v i e, e ws o n p .
9 ( fro m a sk e ct h by C re s wi c k ,
mad e ab o u t 1 840 ) a nd p .
46 .
 A CT ] . S CE NE [I] .
1 61

Goo d s i r, w h y d o y ou t an d s e em t o fea r
Th
th t d i ng sd a o s ou n
s a rt
so fa i r ?
’
,

And th en ag a i n s til l u n i n t r o iti v e ad d ress es t h e w it c h es

, , ,

I th m f t th ’
e na e o ru ,
th t i d
.

A
W hi h tw d ly y h w
y f t t l re

c
d
e
ou
an a s rc a
ar
, or
e s o
a
?’
n ee

B a n q u o s q u es t i o ns ar e t h o s e o f n a t u r a l c u r i o s i ty—s u c h a s a g i r l w o u l d
’

p u t a ft e r h e a r i n g a g ip s y t e l l h e r s c h o o l fe l l o w s fo r t u n e — a l l p e r fe c tly -
’

ge ne r a l o r r a th e r pl a n l e ss
, B u t M ac b e th l os t i n t h o u g h t r a i ses h i m
.
, ,

se l f t o s p e e c h o n ly b
y t h e w i t c h es be i ng a b ou t t o d e p a r t
St y y imp f t p k
a , t ll m m
ou er ec s ea er s, e e or e

a n d a l l th a t fo l l o ws i s r e as o n i n g o n a p ro b l e m a l r e a d y d i s c u ss e d i n h i s
m i nd — o u a h o p e w hi c h h e we l c o m e s a nd t h e d o u b t s c o n ce r n i ng t h e a t ,

t a i nm e n t o f w hi c h h e w i s h e s t o h a v e c l ea r e d u p C o m p are h i s e age r ne ss
—t h e k e e n e ye wit h w h i c h h e h as p u rs u e d t h e w it c h es e va ni s hi ng
.

Sp k I h g y
’
ea , c ar e ou ,

wit h t h e e as il y s a t i s fi e d m i nd o f t h e s e l f u n i n t e re s t e d B a n q u o -

Th th h th b bb l th w t h
e e ar
W hi th a u e s, as e a er as ,
-

A d th n f th m e s e a re o e . er a re

a nd th e n M a cb e t h s e ar n es t r e pl y
’

I t t h i ; d wh t em d p l m lt d
n o e a r an a se
’
co r ora e e
A b th i t t h wi d W l d t h y h d t y d !
s re a n o e n . ou e a s a
’ ’

Is i t t o o m i n u t e t o n o ti ce t h e a pp r o p r i a t e n ess o f t h e s i m i l e as b r ea t h ‘ ’
,

etc i n a co l d c l i m a t e ?
S til l aga i n B a n q u o go e s o n wo nd e r i ng l i k e a ny co m m o n s p ec t a t o r
.
,

W ch thi g h e re su w d p k b t?n s e re as e o s ea a ou
’

wh il e M a cbe th p e rs i s t s i n r ecu rr i ng t o t h e se l f co nce r n i ng -

Y hi l d ou r ch ll b k i g ren s a e n s .

B q Y a n h ll b k i g
u o. ou s a e n .

M b t / A d th ac e z f C wd
. t n w t it t
a ne o a or oo : en no so

S o su r el y i s t h e g u i l t i n i t s ge r m a n t e r i o r t o t h e s u pp o se d c a u se a nd i m
'

m e d i a t e t e m p t a ti o n B e fo r e h e ca n co o l t h e c o n fi rm a ti o n o f t h e t e m pt ,

i ng h a l f o f t h e p r o p h ec y a rr i v e s a n d t h e c o n ca t e n a ti ng t e nd e n cy o f t h e ,

i m a i n a t i o n i s fo s t e r e d b t h e s u d d e n c o i n c i d e n c e
g y
Gl m i d th f C wd a l s. an an e o a or
Th g t t i b hi d e re a es s e n .
’

O pp os e t hi s t o B an q u o s s i m pl e s u r p r i s e
’

W h t t h d vi l p k t ? a , ca n e e s ea ru e
’

T h a t i s c r e a t u r e s o ff a n t y o r i m a g i n a ti o n ( J o h n
“
5 3 F a n t a t i ca l
. s .
,
as ,

T h e w o r d o cc u rs i n H o l i ns h e d s a cco u n t o f t hi s i n t e r v i e w w i th
’
s on) .

t h e w e i r d s i s t e r s ( se e p C f l i ne 1 3 9 b e l o w a n d R i /i I] i 3 2 9 9
. .
, c . . . . .

5 4 S n
. ow A pp
. ear S ee on i 2 1 5 . O n y e fo l l o we d b y y ou s e e G r
. . .
, .

236 .

T h e re i s h e re il fu l t o th e th r i ce p ea t e d H ai l
’
a sk r e fe r e nce of
55 . re

L
1 62 NO TE S .

t he w i t c h es T h a n e o f G l a m i s h e w as ; th t i s t h e p r e s e n t gr a ce
.
‘ ’
a
'

b u t T h a n e o f C a w d o r w a s o n l y p re d i c t e d t hi s i s t h e n o b l e h a vi ng ‘

t h e p r o s p e c t o f r o y a l ty i s o n ly h o p e o f ro y a l h o p e ( H u n t e r)
’
.
,

5 6 H a vi ng
. P s s e ss i o n e s t a t e . C f [V ] W oii i 2 73 T h e g e n tl e m a n , . . . . . :

i s o f n o h a vi ng ; 7 3 of A rr 2 1 5 3 . . .

Th g t t f y h vi g l k h lf e re a e s o ou r a n ac s a a

T p y y p t d bt o a our r es en e s .

S e e a l s o H en VII] i i 3 2 3 a n d i i i 2 1 5 9 . . . . . . .

5 7 T/ t . O n t h e o m i ss i o n o f so s e e G r 2 8 3 a n d c f i 2 5 8 a b o v e
i a .
, .
,
. . . .

6 0 Wb o n ez t /i e beg e t c W h o n e ith e r b e g y o u r fa v o u rs n o r fe a r y o u r
'

h a t e C f i i 3 4 5 b e l o w T h e C P e d q u o t e s W 7 1 i i i 2 1 64 :
. .
,
'

T
. . . . . . . . . .

h g h I wi th d t h d wi th ou ea an
R w d d id t h t d g him
e ar r ea e n an e n co u ra e .

6 5 L e er . S ti l l s o m e ti m e s u s e d a s a n a dj e c ti v e b u t n e v e r a d v e r b i a l
ss .
,

l y as i n T a n d C i i 2 8 :
, . T h o u g h n o m an l e s s e r fe a rs t h e G r e e k s th a n
. . .
“

Se e a l s o v 2 1 3 b e l o w
”
I
l i k e t h e L a ti n f el i x C f L ea i v 6 2 3 0
. . . .

6 6 H appy . F o r t un at e . . . r, . . .

6 7 Get . B e ge t ; b u t n o t a co n t r a c ti o n o f t h a t w o rd
. S ee W b and . .

no t e o n i 2 2 5 a b o v e . . .

71 Sin t . T h e fa th e r o f M a cb e th a c co r d i ng t o H o l i n s h e d
e . R it s o n , .

s a y s h i s t r u e n a m e w a s Fi n l e g ( F i n l e y ) D r B e a tti e co nj e c t re d t h a t i t . u

w as S i h a n e a n d t h a t D u n i n n e ( t h e h il l o f S i h a n e ) w a s d e r i v e d fr o m i t
,
s a .

72 J o h n s o n a s k s H o w c a n M a cb e t h b e i gn o r a n t o f t h e s t a t e o f t h e
“
.

th a ne w h o m h e h as j u s t d e fe at e d a n d t a k e n p r i s o ne r (se e i 2 50 or . .

ca l l h i m a pr ospe ou s g en t l e m n w h o h a s fo r fe i t e d h i s ti tl e a n d l i fe b
r a
y
o p e n r e be l l i o n ? H e ca n n o t b e s u pp os e d t o d i s s e m b l e b e ca u s e n o b o d y
i s p r e se n t b u t B a n q u o wh o w a s e q u a ll y a c q u a i n t e d w i t h C a w d o s
,
’

, r

t re aso n ? ”

76 Ow e O wn h a v e . C f P i c/z M i v 1 1 84 : , T h a t o w e s t wo b u c k
. . . . . .
“

e ts a nd se e n o t e i n o u r e d .

80 Of t/z e m . C f A IV i i 5 5 0 . I h a v e k e pt o f th e m t a m e ;
. . IV T . . . :
“
/ . .

iv 4 2 1 7
. . Y o u h a v e o f th e s e p e d l ar s et c ,
”
.

8 1 Corp or a l . C o rp o re a l S n e v e r u se s corpor ea l or i n corp or ea l H e

. . . .

h as i n corp or a l i n I n i i i 4 1 1 8 t h e i n c or p o ra l a i r
“ ”
nfa t :

E l w i n ( q u o t e d b y F u r n ess ) s ays :
. . . .

T h e e m ph as i s s h o u l d b e l a i d 0 11 “

a n d t h e d ivi s i o n o f i d e as i s a t co r p o r a l a n d th e r e t h e r e s t
‘ ’

s h o l d b e m a d e b y t h e s p e a k e r ; fo r t h e m i nd d we l l s fi r s t o n t h e eem i n g
,

u s

i m m a ter i a l i ty a n d th e n t r n s t o t h e a n ti th es i s o f i n vi si bi l i ty M el ted u
‘

co n s e q e n tl y be l o n s t o t h e s e c o n d l i n e w hi c h i s u tt e r e d i n a c c e n t s o f
.
,

u
g ,

w o n d e r a nd w i t h a ra pi d ity il l s t r a t i v e o f t h e a c t i t d e s c r i b e s
”
, u .

Cf j C i 2 71 j e a l o u s o n m e II] f V i i 6 6 7
”
8 4 On . . . . . .
“
. o . . .

a n d s e e n o t e Il [ p 1 43 o r G r 1 3 8 1 8 1
’
on t ,
/ er . .
, .
, .

T/z e i n a n e oot i s a n e x a m pl e o f p r o l e p s i s
s r i n sa n e m a / i ng i n s a n e z e

n d q u o t e s G r e e n e IV
.

S t e e ve ns th i n k s th a t h e m l o c k i s m e a n t eve t o a r o

L te ( 1 6 1 6 ) yo u h a v e e at e n o f th e r o o t s o f h e m l o ck t h a t m a k e s m e n s
a
,

,
,
’

e y e s c o n ce i t u ns e e n o bj c t Ro o t f h e m l c k i s o n o f t h e i ng e
”
e s . o o e r

d i e n t s o f t h e w it c h e s ca u l d ro n i v 1 2 5 D o u c e c it e s B a t m a n Upp n
’
, . . .
,
e

B a /b ol om e d e P r p I e m H en b n e i s ca ll e d i n s n a nra d fo r
’
r o . t ru a a , ,
1 64 NO TE S .

l
c ear as t e xt s t an d s for t h ank s are n o t p a y m e n t a nd A ngu s s s p e e c h
the ,
’

t hus s u i t s m u c h b e tt e r w i th t h e o n e w h i c h fo l l o w s ( C P e d

T h e C P e d q u o t es C o w el w h o s a y s (L w
. . .

1 06 A d d i t i on T i tl e a

D i t s v ) t h a t i t s i gn i fi e s
. . . . . .
,

c . . a ti tl e g i e n t o a m a n b e s i d e s hi s C h r i s ti a n
. 1

a nd s u r n a m e s h e w i ng h i s e s t a t e d e g r e e m y s t e y
, t r a d e pl ace o f d e l ] , ,
r , ,
u

C f C r i 9 66 ; H n V v 2 4 6 7 ; H m i 4 2 0 ; Ill W i i 2
”
i ng e t c, . . o . . . e . . . . a . . . . . . .

etc
31 2
y
.
,

1 07 D evi l . M e t r i ca l l a m on osyl l ab l e , l i k e t h e S co t c h d e i l G r 466

.
’
. . .

S o w /i et /z e r i n 1 1 1 j us t b e l o w
q
.

1 08 S e e o n l i ne 72 a b o v e H u n t e r ( New ] tl a s , 1 1 1 5 3 , u o t e d b y
fi fi
. . . .

F u r n ess) n d s h e r e a n a d d i ti o na l r e a s o n fo r xi ng t h e d a t e o f t h e pl a y i n
1 606 H e sa ys
. T hi s p as s age h a s h ith e r t o b e e n t a k e n a s m e r e l y m e t
a ph o r i c a l b u t i t s ee m s t o m e t h a t S h a k e s p e a r e re a l l y i n t e nd e d t h a t t h e
r o b e s p e rt a i n i ng t o t h e d i n ity o f T h a n e o f C a w d o r , t o w h i c h M a c b e t h
g
w a s j u s t e l e v a t e d , s h o u l d b e p ro d u ce d o n t h e s t age by Ro ss a n d A ngu s
t h a t i n fac t t h e ce r e m o n y o f i n v e s ti t u re s h o u l d t a k e pl a ce o n t h e s t age
. .

It i s a t l e a s t m o re i n a c co r d a n ce w i t h t h e t u r n o f t h e e xp re ss i o n t h a n
t o s u pp o s e th a t M a cb e th s p o k e th u s i n m e r e m e t a ph o r .

No w, i t h a pp e n e d th a t th i s a n c i e n t c e r e m o n y o f i n ve s t i t u r e h a d b een
l a t e l y go n e t h ro ugh by S i r D a vi d M u r r a y o n h i s b e i ng cr e a t e d o r d L
S co n e W e a r e t o l d th a t h e ‘ w a s w ith t h e gr e a t es t s o l e m n i ty i n v e s t e d
.

i n th a t h o no ur o n t h e 7t h o f A p r il , 1 605 , b y a s p e c i a l c o m m i ss i o n , d i r e c t
e d t o t h e E ar l D u m fe r m l i n g , t h e o r d C h a n c e ll o r , t o th a t e ffe c t The L .

c e re m o n y wa s i n p re se n ce o f t h e e a r l s A ng u s , S u th e r l a n d , M ar i s ch a l ,

L i nl i th go w ; t h e l o r d s F l e m i ng, D r u m m o n d , an d T h i r l e s t ane T hi s ’ '

p a r ti c u l ar i n v e s tit u re i n a S co tti s h d i gn ity p r o b ab l y s u gge s t e d t o S h ak e

s p e a r e t h e i d e a o f i n t r o d uc i n
g t h e i n v e s t it u r e o f M a cb e t h as T h an e o f
C a wd o r T h e E ar l o f An g us , we s ee , a pp e a rs b o th 1 11 t h e pl a y an d 1 11 t h e
.

a c t u a l p e r fo r m a n c e o f t h e c e r e m o ny a n d S i r D a vi d M u r ra y , i t m a y a l s o
b e o b se r v e d , r e c e i v e d t h e d i g n i ty u nd er c i r c u m s t a n ces n o t v e r y u nl i k e
t h os e u nd e r w hi c h M a cb e t h a c u i r e d t h e th a ne d o m o f C awd or H e q .

h ad a l a rge s h a r e i n s a vi ng t h e l i fe o f t h e k i ng a t t h e ti m e o f t h e G o w r i e
co n s pi rac y , a n d t h e k i n g g a v e h i m fo r h i s r e w ar d , rs t , t h e b a r o ny o f fi
R u thv e n , w h i c h h a d b e l o n ge d t o t h e E a r l o f G o wr i e , a n d ne xt t h e
l a nd s o f S co ne , o f w h i c h t h e E arl o f G o w r i e h ad b e e n co m m e n d a t o r,
a n d h ad l o s t t h e m b
y t r e as o n
‘
W h a t h e h a t h l o s t n o b l e M a cb e t h .

hat h wo n .
’

1 09 W/z o H e wh o See G r 2 5 1
Li
. . . . .

1 12 . ne . S t r e ng th e n, fo r ti fy ( S c h m i d t ) C f 1 H en I V i i 3 8 6 . . . . . .

To l i ne his e n t er p r i s e H en V i i 4 7 T o l i ne a n d n e w r e p a i r o u r
. .
.
. .

t o w ns o f wa r .
”

1 1 3 . Va n t ag e . See on i 2 3 1 . . .

1 1 4 . Wr a c/e . T h e s p e l l i n g w r eck i s n e ve r fo u nd i n t h e e ar l y eds . Sce

R i c/i I] p 1 77 . . . .

1 2 0 Tr u s ted l i am e
. T r u s t e d co m pl e t e ly See G r 45 . C f the ex . . . .

p res s i o n s ti l l i n us e , t o s t r i k e h o m e
“ ”
.

121 E n bi n d /e y ou u n t o
“
Inc i t e yo u t o h o p e fo r ( C P ed ) C f
L
. . . . ” .

A Y . i 1 1 79 : n o thi ng r e m a i ns bu t t h a t I k i nd l e t h e b oy t hith e r
.
“
. . .

( th a t rs , i nc it e h i m t o i t ) .
 ACT 1 . S CE NE [1 1 .
1 65

A n d ofte n t i m es , e tc F l a th e ( S /z a bs i n sei n er M r bl i c/z bei t , q u o t e d

'

l
q
. .

b y F u r n e s s ) , w h o c o n s i d e r s t h a t B a n u o i s a s il e n t a cco m pl i ce i n M a c
b e t h s m u r d e r o u s d es i gns , b e l i e v i n g t h a t th ese m u s t b e c a r r i e d o u t i n
’

o r d e r t o e n s u re t h e fu l fi
l m e n t o f t h e p r o p h e cy w i th r ega rd t o hi s o wn
p os t e r i ty , re m a rk s h e re T hi s w a r n i n g co m e s o d d ly e no u g h fr o m t h e
q
.

l ip s o f a m an w h o h as j u s t u e s t i one d t h e w i t c h e s h i m s e l f w i t h s u ch
11 1 s t e a n d e a ge r n es s H e r e we h a ve t h e r s t g l i m p se o f t h e d e ce i t a n d fi
q
.

fa l s e h o o d p r a c ti s e d b y B a n u o u p o n hi m se l f .

B a n q u o w o u l d s o gl a d l y e s t e e m hi m se l f a n h o n o u rab l e m a n ; th e re
fo r e h e w a r n s M acb e th , a l th o ug h as b r i e fl y as p o ss i b l e , aga i n s t t h e d e vi l .

H e k no ws th a t a m e r e w a r ni ng w il l a v a i l n o t hi ng, b u t h e i gn o r e s t hi s ,
w i s hi ng t o b e a b l e t o sa y t o h i m s e l f, w h e n M acb e t h h as a tt a i n e d h i s e n d ,
‘
I a m gu il tl e s s , I w a r n e d hi m a ga i n s t t h e d e vi l H a d B a n u o b e e ri
‘

. q
r e a l l y t r u e , h o w d i ffe r e n tly h e W o u l d h a v e b o r ne hi m se l f .

1 2 6 , 1 2 7 O n t h e m e a s u r e , s e e G r 4 5 4 , 4 68 , 5 1 3
. O n cou si n s , s ee Ri ck . . .

p 1 5 8, o r Sch m i d t, 5 v
. . .

1 2 8 S wel l i ng a ct
. C f H en V p ro l 4
. . . . .

p r i n ce s t o ac t ,
An d m o n a r c h s to be h ldo t h e s w e l l rrrg s ce ne .

1 29 O n t h e m ea s u r e , s e e G r 46 1 , 46 8
. . .

T h a t i s , i n ci t e m e n t ( J o h ns o n )
“
1 3 0 S ol i ci t i ng
1 35 C f v 5 1 1 —
. .

13
fi y L
. . . . .

1 3 6 S ea t ed
. F ix e d ,
. rm l pl a ce d ( S t ee ve n s ) C f M il t o n, P
”
. . . .

t h e s e a t e d b il l s
“ ”
vi 6 44 :
. .

1 3 7 P r esen t f ea r s
. W a r b s ub s ti t u t e d “ fe a t s , w h ere o n C o l e r i d ge co m
. .

n i c u t s as fo ll o w s : M e rc y o n th i s m os t w i l fu l i nge n u ity o f b l u n d e r i n g,
w hi c h , n e v e r th e l e ss , w a s t h e ve r y W a r b u r t o n o f W a r b u r t o n h i s i nm o s t —
b e i ng ! Fea r s h e re a r e p re se n t fe ar s t r i k i ng o bj ec t s, te r r i bz l za a d st a n t i a ” -
.

F o r f ea r : obj e c t o f fe ar , c f M IV D v 1 2 1 . . . . .

“
Or 1 11 th e nig ht , i m agi n i n g so m e fe a r,
H ow ea s y is a bu s h su pp ose d a b ear ! ”

3 9 f an ta sti ca l
1 . S e e o n i 3 5 3 a nd fo r t h e m e as u re , G r 46 7
. On
. . . .

m a r t /t er , s ee P i cl i I] p 1 5 8 . . . .

1 4 0 My s i ng l e s t a te o
.
f m an S t re m a rk s :
“
S i ng l e h e re b e ar s t h e . .

se n se o f w ea k ; m y f eebl e g over n m en t ( o r body pol i t i c ) o f S s a fli u

’
m an . .

e n c e o f th o u g h t a n d l a n g u a ge i s s o u nb o u n d e d th a t h e r ar e l y r e p e a t s
h i m se l f, b u t th e re i s a re m ar k a b l e af ni t b o t h i n i d e a a n d i n e xp re ss i on, fi y
b e t wee n t h e p r e se nt p as sa ge a n d o n e i n 7 C i i 1 63—
,

69 . . . .

B tw e ee n t h e d re a d fu i ng
ac ti ng of a l th
fi t
A n d t h e rs m o i o n , al l t h e i n e r i m i s t t
L ik e a ph t
a n a s m a , o r a h i d e o u s d re a m

T h e G e n i u s a n d t h e m or a i n s r u m e n s l t t
A re th
e n i n co u n c i ; a n d t h e s a e o f m a n , l tt
L i k e t o a i t e k i n g d o m , s u ffe r sltl en th
t
Th e n a u re o f a n i n s u rr e c i o n
’
t .

Cf . l
a so T a nd C
. 11 .

t wi x t h i m t l d h i t i v p t
’
s en a an s ac e ar s
Ki g d d A h i ll i m m ti
’
n o rn g s c es n co o o n ra e ,

A d b ttn d w hi m l f
a ers o n se .
”
1 66

S c h m i d t e xpl a i ns s i ng l e h e re as = i n d i vi d u al F o r s i ng l e t we a k , u ns u p .
-

p o r t e d , cf Temp i 2 43 2 : A s i ngl e thi ng, a s I a m n o w

. . .
”
. .

T/i a t f un ct i on , e t c A l l p o w e rs o f a c t i o n a r e o pp r esse d a nd c r u s h e d
.

b y o n e o v e r w h e l m i ng i m age i n t h e m i n d , a n d n o th i ng i s p r e s e n t t o
m e b u t th a t w hi c h i s r e a ll y fu t u r e O f t hi ngs n o w a b o u t m e I h a v e n o .

p e r ce pti o n , b e i ng i nt e n t w h o l ly o n th a t w hi c h h as ye t no e xi s t e n ce ”

( J o h ns o n ) .

Fo r su r m i se t h e C . P . ed . c i tes T A . . ii .
3 . 21 9
A aro n i s g o n e ; a n d m y co m a ss i o n a t e ea r p h t
W ll th
The
i no t e rm i p
m rn e e e s o n ce t o b e o d
i ng w e r e a rt re m b e s b y s u r m i se h
t
t t
y
l
h l
.

1 44 . S ti r . M o ti o n , ac t i on . C f P i cn
. . ii .
3 51 ,
. a nd s e e no e t in our

C C f P of L 1 784 :
om e . W ea k w o rd s, so th i ck c o m e i n h i s p oo r
. . .
“

h e art s a i d ’

G r 29 5 . . .

1 45 Ou r s t r a nge ga r m en t s
. T h a t i s , n e w o nes . .

1 4 7 Ti m e a n d t/z e I
. z ou r , e t c T h a t i s , te mpu s et fl or a , t i m e a n d o c ca .

s i o n w il l ca r r y t h e t hi n g t h r o u g h , a n d b r i ng i t t o s o m e d e t e r m i n e d p o i n t
,

a d e n d , l e t i t s n a t u r e b e w h a t i t w il l ( M r s M o n t ag u )
”
n T/z e b ou r
fi
. .

s i g n i e s t/z e app r op r i a te nou r E l wi n)

”
( O n r u n s, s e e G r 33 6 . . .

1 49 F avou r “
In d u l ge nc e , p a r d o n ( St e e ve n s ) C f H en i 1
L
. . . . . . .

1 68 C o l e r i d ge re m ar k s h e r e “ o s t i n t h e p ro s p e c t iv e o f h i s gu i l t , h e
.

t u r ns r o u n d a l a r m e d l es t o th e rs m ay s u s p e c t wh a t i s p a ss i ng i n h i s o wn
m i nd , a nd i ns t a n tl i n v e n t s t h e l i e o f a m b iti o n y ‘
my du ll b r ai n w a s w r ou g ht
W th th i
.

i ng s f or g ot t e n
an d i m m ed i at e l y t
af er p o urs fo r th t h e p r o m i s i ng co u r t es i e s o f a u su r p er
in i nt e n ti o n
Kru d
ge n tl e m e n, y p ou r a ru s
A re ’
r egi s t e r d w h e re e v yd y I t
er a ur n
The le a f t o r e ad

/V
I r ou /
g zt z agi t a t e d . Cf . W . T . v .
3 58 .

If Ih ad th ht th e sig ht f m y p i m age
W ou d l th us
ou g
ha v e w ro u ght v
o
ou .
”
oor

The C .Gl b v 2 3 4 5
P . ed . c i t es . . . .

“
T h a t i s , i n t h e t ab l e t s o f h i s m e m o r y , l i k e t h e
’
1 51 P eg i s te
. r d .

“ n
v i l O J/ u; d é h r or
pp m/ 17
1 11
( fE sch yl u s , F r om C f H am i 5 98 (C . . . . . .

P .

1 54 T/z e i n te r i m T h e C P e d i t o rs , fo l l o wi ng S t e e ve n s , th i n k t h a t
fi
. . . .

t h e i n ter i m , o r i n t e r v e n i ng ti m e , i s h e r e p e r s o n i e d A b b o tt c o n s i d
“ ”
.

e rs i t a c as e o f t h e o m i s s i o n o f a p re p o s i ti o n ( G r 2 02) = i n t h e i n t e r i m . .

C f i v 3 4 8 : [i n ] m o re s u n d r y w a y s
“ ”
. . . .

S C E E IV 1 N
A re T h e r e a d i ng o f 2 d fo l i o ; t h e rs t h as
.
-
. . Or .

3 O n a r e com e, s e e G r 2 9 5 o n sp o/ee, G r 3 43
. . . .

8 T/i e l ea vi ng
. See G r 93 . . .

9 H a d been st u d i ed H ad m ad e i t h i s s t u d y ( S c h m i d t) Cf M f
o

V ii
. . . .

2 2 05
Lik ll t t t
. . .

e on e we s u d ied in a sa d o s e n
To pl e a se h i s gr an d a m .
”
1 68 N OTE S .

Cf . a so l P . a nd
7 iii . . 2 . 1 02

B a ck , l h
foo i s t e a rs , b ack to y ou r n a ti v e s p r ngi ;
t y l
Wh
Y ou r -

ic h
t ri b u a r d ro ps b e .

y o u , m rs t a k rn g ,
ong

of e r u p t o
to w oe,
j oy ;
an d W T . v
T h e r e m i g ht yo u
. 2 .
47 o n e j o y c ro w n a n
:
“
h av e be h e l d
o t h e r, s o a n d i n s u c h m a nn e r th a t i t s e e m e d s o r ro w w e p t t o t a k e l e a v e

o f th e m , fo r t h e i r o
j y wa d e d i n t e a r s .

3 7 T h e th ro n e o f S co tl a n d w a s o r i gi na l l y n o t h e r e d it a ry
. .

3 9 Cu m ber l a n d
. S e e e xt ra c t fr o m H o l i ns h e d ( p . W h en t h e .

s u c ce s s o r t o t h e th r o n e w a s d e s i g n a t e d i n t h e l i fe ti m e o f t h e k i n , t h e
g
titl e o f P r i n ce o f C u m be r l a n d w as b e s t o we d u p o n h i m C u m be r l a n d .

was a t th a t ti m e h e l d b y S co tl a nd o f t h e cr o wn o f E n g l a n d a s a fi e f
(S t ee ve ns ) .

T h e r e s t wh i c h i s n o t s p e n t i n t h e k i ng s s e r v i ce i s
’

44 l e r est , e t c
. .

li k e se v e re l a b o u r ( H un t e r )
fi
.

U s e d h e re i n i t s o ri gi n al s e ns e (se e W b ) o f a n o f c er
i

4 5 H a r bi ng er
. . .

wh os e d u ty i t w as t o r i d e i n a d v a n ce o f t h e k i ng a n d s e c u r e l o d g i ngs fo r
th e ro y a l r e ti nu e Na re s c it es t h e o l d pl a y o f A l bu m a z , v i i 1 3 7
. .

I hv p m f y a e n o r ea s o n , n or S a re ro o or an .

L v h bi g h t h h l k d p m y h t o e s
’
ar n er a c a
’
u on ea r .

A d w i th l w i t m y b i f F t vi n a coa r on ra n, or a a ,

T hi h i w h lly t k
”
pf F l vi s o u se s o a en u or a a .

It a pp e a r s th a t t h e cus t o m w as k e p t u p as l a t e as t h e t i m e o f C h ar l e s II
H w k i ns i n h i s L f e f B i / op Ken sa y s
.

a , O n t h e r e m o v a l o f t h e co u r t
i o s z ,

t o p ass t h e s u m m e r a t W i n c h e s t e r B i s h o p K e n s h o us e w hi c h h e h e l d
’
, ,

i n t h e r i g ht o f h i s p re b e nd was m a r k e d b y t h e h arb i nge r fo r t h e us e o f ,

M r s E l e a no r G wy n ; b trt h e r e fu s e d t o gr a n t h e r a d m itt a n ce a nd s h e
.
,

w a s fo r ce d t o s e e k fo r l o d g i ngs i n a n o t h e r pl a ce
”

M a cb e th a pp ar e n tl y a pp e a l s t o t h e s t a r s b e ca us e h e i s co n t e m
.

50 .

pl a ti ng n i g h t as t h e ti m e fo r t h e p e r p e tra t i o n o f t h e d ee d T h e r e i s .

n o th i ng t o i n d i ca t e th a t t hi s s c e n e t o o k pl ac e a t n i g h t (C P
”
. .

L e t t h e e ye n o t s e e w h a t t h e h a n d d o e s ( M o b e r ly )
”
5 2 T/ze ey e e t c
.
, . .

Le t t h a t t a k e pl ace D e l i us m a k e s “ ”
L et t /z a t be . t h e e ye t h e s ub .

j c e t o f l e t ; th a t i s “ t h e e ye i n s il e n t co l l u s i o n w i th t h e e x e c u ti ng
“
, ,

h a n d i s t o l e t t h a t t a k e pl a ce w hi c h i t fe ars t o s e e a ft e r t h e h a n d h a s
,

e x e cu t e d i t
”
.

5 4 F u l l s o va l i a n t Q u i t e a s b ra v e a s y o u s ay W hil e M a cb e th h as
b e e n s o l il o q u i z i ng D u n ca n a nd B a n q u o h a ve b e e n t a l k i ng a b o u t h i s
-

. . .

r e ce n t d e e d s .

5 6 B n qu et
. a F e as t It s om e ti m e s m e a n t m e r e l y t h e d esse t
. See
. r .

H en . p 2 04 n o t e o n A n n i ng ba n q et C f T: of S v 2 9
.
,
ru u . . . . .

My b q t i t l t m h p an ue s o c os e ou r s o ac s u
A ft g tg d h er ou r r ea oo c ee r .
”

58 ] t i s . A t o u c h o f a ffe c ti o n a t e fa m il i ar i t y
.
(C P . .

SC E N E V — 2 B y Me p erfectest
. . re p or t . B y t h e b es t i n t e ll i ge nce— th a t
of e xp e r i e nce .

4 T/z ey m a d e t b em sel ves a i r

. S h e r i d a n K n o w l e s r e m ar k s t h a t i n t h e .

l o o k a n d t o ne w ith w hi c h M rs S i dd o ns d e l i ve r e d t h e w or d a i r “ y o u .
 ACT ] . S CE NE V .
1 69

r e co gn z ei d t e n ti m e s t h e w o n d e r w i t h w h i c h M acb e th a nd B an q u o ac t u ~

a l ly b e h e l d t h e v a n i s hi n g o f t h e w i t c h es .

5 W/z i l e S ee G r 1 3 7 C f [ Wt t v 2 5
s a

M e ss e nge r s a s i n t h e o n l y o th er i n s t a nce i n w hi c h S u ses

. . . . . . .

t h e wo r d ( A a n d C i i 2 . . . .

T h e fo l i o h as t h e hyph e n C f F l o r i o ( Ita l D i et q u o t e d
‘

6 A l l b a i l ed
.
-

. . . . .

i n C P ed ) S a l u t a r e t o s a l u t e t o gr e e t t o a l h a i l e
”
. . .
, , , .

R e p or t t o t h e e I l l de l i v er “ ’

9 D l i ve t /z ee
. e r C f Temp v I 3 1 3 :
. . . . . .

al l e tc
, S e e Te mp p 1 44
. . . .

It i t o f u l l 0 t /z e m i l k of Ii n m a n k i n d n es D e l i u s r e m a r k s th a t
’
15 . s o s .

S e l s e wh e r e u s e s thi s m e t a ph o r ; as i n i v 3 9 8 b e l o w a n d i n R a n d
i ii 3 5 5 C f a l s o L e i 4 3 64
. .
.
,
. .

. . . . ar ,
. . .

B o d e n s t e d t ( q u o t e d b y F u r nes s) co m m e n t s on t h e p assage th u s We
a r e s o m e w h a t a s t o n i s h e d t o l e a r n th i s a b o u t M a c b e th fo r th r o u g h o u t ,

t h e d ra m a w e fi n d n o t r ace o f t hi s m il k o f h u m a n k i nd ne ss W e m us t ‘
.
’

p re s u m e t h a t t h e l ad y h as t oo h i gh a n o p i n i o n o f h e r h u sb an d We
a l r e a d y k n o w h i m a s a q u i ck ly d e t er m i n e d m u r d e r e r i n th o u g ht a n d a s
.

a n a c co m pl i s h e d hyp o cr it e ; a n d t hi s n a t u r e o f h i s i s n o t b e l i e d b y t h e
p r e s e n t l e tt e r ; i t a pp e ars o n l y t hi nl y d i s gu i s e d T h e l a d y k no ws a t o n ce .

w h a t h e i s a ft e r ; s h e k n o ws a n d o p e n l y a ck n o wl e d ge s t h a t h i s m il k o f
h u m a n k i n d n e ss w ill n o t d e t e r h i m fro m a tt e m pti ng t h e l i fe of o l d Ki ng
D u n ca n , b u t o n ly fr o m c a t c hi ng t h e n e ar es t w ay th a t i s fr o m l ay i ng ,

h i s o wn h a n d t o i t .
”

U l r i c i re m ar k s : M acb e th s i s a l o fty gl or i o u s a n d hi ghly g i ft e d

“ ’ '

, ,

n at u re H e s t r i v e s fo r w h a t i s hi gh e s t a nd gre a t e s t fr o m a n i n t e r n a l
B t i n e n d e a v o u r i ng t o a c q u i r e i t h e a t
.
,

s y m p a thy fo r a l l th a t i s
gre a t . u ,

t h e s a m e ti m e h a s t h e wi s h t o s a ti s fy h i s o w n s e l f t o p o ss es s w h a t i s
, ,

h i g h es t no t o n l y b e ca u s e i t i s hi g h b u t i n o rd e r th e r eb y t o r a i s e h i m se l f
, , .

U p t o t h e co m m e n ce m e n t o f t h e d r a m a h e h as k e pt t hi s d e s i r e thi s ,

a m b iti o n u nd e r t h e d i s c i pl i n e o f t h e l a w ; a s
y e t h e h as n o w h e r e g o ne
b eyo n d t h e l aw fu l l i m it t h a t d e l i c a t e l i n e w h i c h p r e s e r ves h o n o u r fro m
,

b e co m i ng a m b i ti o n a n d d i s ti n gu i s h e s i t fr o m v i c e T h u s a t l e as t h e i s
d e sc r i be d b y h i s o w n w i fe w h o m us t s u r e l y b e t h e b es t j u d ge
, .
, ,

, .

6 Wou l d st
1 . S e e G r 3 29 . . .

18 l T h e e vi l w hi c h s h o u l d S e e G r 2 44 T he
’
e i l l n ess s /
. z on l a . . . .

C e e m a rk s th a t i l l n es i s n o t u se d e l s e w h e r e b y S t hi s s e se
. P d r . . s
“
i n n
”
. .

H e d o e s n o t u s e i t e l s e w h e r e i n a ny se nse Th e wo r d d oes n o t o ccu r a t .

a l l i n M il t o n s p o e m s
’

—
.

2 0 2 3 T h e ge ne r a l m e a n i n g s e e m s t o b e : Y o u wa n t t o h a v e w h a t
“
.

ca n o n ly b e o b t a i n e d o n co n d i ti o n s w hi c h i t p r o c l a i m s o f i t s e l f ;
yo u w i s h
al s o t o h a v e w h a t
y o u r a th e r fe a r t o d o t h a n w i s h n o t t o b e d o n e
( M o b e rl y )
q y fi
.

S e y m o ur ( u o t e d b y F u r ne s s ) s a s : T h e d i f c u l ty h e re a r i ses fr o m
“

t h e a cc u m u l a t i ve co nj u n c ti o n , w h i c h l e a d s u s t o e xp e c t n e w m a tt e r ,
w h e re as t h a t w h i c h fo l l o ws [l i ne 2 3 ] i s o nl y a m pl i ca ti o n T hou fi .

w o u l d s t h a v e t h e c r o w n ; w h i c h c r i e s , Tb on m u st k il l D u n ca n , i f th o u
h a v e i t T h i s i s a n a c t w h i c h th o u m u st d o , i f th o u h a v e t h e cr o w n
’
. .

A n d , a d d s t h e l a d y , w h a t t h o u a r t n o t d i s i n cl i n e d t o d o , b u t a r t ra t h er
’

fe ar fu l t o perf or m th a n u nwi l l i ng t o h a ve e x e c u t ed
’
.
1 70 NO TE S .

M al o ne i s h e d t o i ncl u d e i n t h e cr y a l l fr o m T h u s th o u m us t
w
“ “

s h o u l d b e u nd o n e H u n t e r o n ly t h e w o r d s T h u s t h o u m us t
“
do to ,

j o h nso n th o ug ht i t ne ce ss a r y t o r e a d i f t h o u h a ve m e ; b u t s u c h
“
do .

co n fu s i o n s o f c o n s t r u c t i o n a re n o t u n co m m o n i n S See G r 4 1 5
H e r e as i n L o o k th e e ( IV 7 1 i i i 3
. . .

H ark t hee
”
2 3 H i e t /z
. ee .
,
/ . . .

( Cy m b i 5 e tc t /z ee s e e m s t o b e u s e d fo r t /z See G r 2 1 2 ou

A cc e n t e d b y S o n t h e fi rs t syl l a b l e
. . . . . . .
,

25 C/z a t i
. s se . C f [f i /z ii 3 . . . e . . .

1 04 . G r 49 1 . .

26 . T/z e g ol d en r ou n d . Cf . iv . 1 . 88
‘
An d w e ar s u o n h i s b ab p y b r ow t h e r o u nd

A n d t o p o f so e re i g n
”
v ty
y
.

D y c e r e m a r k s th a t ph p r e vi o u s l a ppl i e d t o a r i ng b y
t he r as e h a d b e e n

A b r a h a m F a u n c e Cou n t ess e of P em br o/es Yuy e/t u r el z , 1 5 9 1 “

W e d d i ng c

r i n , fa r e w e l l fu l l w e l l d i d I ca u s e t o b e gr a u e n In t hy go l d e n r o u nd
g
t h o se wo r d s , e t c
”
.

2 7 M et ap/
. z s i ea l
y S u p e r na t ur a l ( t o w hi c h w o r d i t i s e ty m o l o gi ca l ly
.

a n a l o go u s ) S u se s t h e w o r d n o w h e re e l s e
. . T h e C P ed ci tes M i n . . . .

s h e u s Sp a i n s /
’
i D i et , 1 59 9 :
'

M e t a fi s i ca, th i ngs s u p e r n a t u ra l ] , t h e m e t a
p h i s c k e s , a n d F l o r i o s Wor l d o f Wor d es , 1 5 9 8 : M e t a fis i c o , o n e t h a t
” ’
i
p r o fe sse t h th i n gs s u p er n a t u r al l
”
D el i us u o t es T/z e P u r i ta n . q
ii 1 M e t a phy s i ca ll y a n d by a s u p e r n a t u r a l i nt e l l i ge n ce ”

fi
. .

C f i 2 4 7 a b o v e ; a l so A W i i i 6 9 4 : th a t s o co n d e n tl y '

S ee m . . . . . . . .

s e e m s t o u n d e r t a k e th i s b us i ne ss P er i 1 1 2 1 H o w co u r t e s y w o u l d . . .

s e e m t o co v e r s i n ! A s S c h m i d t r e m a r k s , i n th ese i n s t a n c e s l i k e t h e
”
,

p r e se n t , t h e w o r d s e e m s t o b e a l m o s t p e r ip h r as ti ca l
“ ”
D ot /z s eem t o
q
.

l z a ve i s n e a r l y e u iv a l e n t t o w ou l d l z a ve
L
.

28 Ti d i ng s
. i k e n ew s , u se d by S b o t h a s s i ng u l ar a nd pl u ra l S e e
. . .

l i i e/t I] pp 1 77, 1 9 8
’
. . . .

T h e l a d y s s e l f co n t r o l b r e a k s d o w n fo r a
’
T/z ou r t m a d e t c
’
29 .
, .
-

m o m e n t a t h e a r i ng t h a t D u n c a n i s r u s hi ng i n t o t h e t o il s and i s o nl y b
y
a p o we r fu l e ffo r t r e ga i n e d i n t h e n e xt w o r d s ( M o b e r ly ) .

3 3 H a d t h e sp eed of b i m
. H a s o u t s t r i pp e d hi m . .

3 5 Ten d i ng
. A tt e nd a n ce ; o r t en d a n ce, w hi c h S u s es i n s t e a d
. Cf T . . . .

o f A i I 5 7 ; H en
. . . ii i 2 1 49 ; Cy m b v 5 5 3 , e t c Ten d i ng o cc u rs
. . . . . . .

as a no u n o n l y h er e .

36 . T/z e r a ven . D e l i u s, M ob er l y
th e r ,
the C . P . ed i t o rs , and s om e o
c r it i cs u n d e r s t a n d th i s t o r e fe r t o t h e m e s s e ng e r w h o i s h o a r se fro m l a c k ,

o f b r e a th b u t t h e s i m pl e r a n d m o r e o b v i o u s s e n s e s e e m s t o b e t h a t t h e
i l l b o d i ng r a v e n i s h o ar s e w it h p r o c l a i m i ng t h e fa t e o f D u nca n J o h n
-

s o n H u n t e r C o l l i e r a n d o th e r s s o e xpl a i n i t
, , , .

3 7 E n tra n e A t r i s yll a b l e h e r e G 1 4 77
‘

. c . . . .

3 8 l il y b t tl em en t s
. H u nt e r re m ark s
a T h e w o r d my i s p u r p o s e l y
. :
“

u s e d b y S t o l e t t h e a u d i e n c e i n t o t h e s p i r i t o f t h e c h a ra c t e r i n t e n d e d fo r
.

t h e w i fe o f t h e th a ne ; n i l i i l n on a r g t ; t h e c a s tl e i s l i er s — no t M a c ro a

b e th s n o t th e i r s j o i n tl y It p r e p are s fo r th a t o v e r b e a r i n g o f t h e m i l d e r
’
.
,

a n d ge n tl e r s pi r i t o f th e th a n e w h i c h fo l l o w s T hi s s e e m s m a k i ng o v e r
”
.

m u c h o f t h e my w hi c h i s n a t u ra l e no u g h i n t h e l a d y s p e s e n t m o o d
’
, Cf r . .

W e i ss Al i n e fo r thi s n i g ht o nly ; M a cb e t h s a t e v e r y o th e r ti m e b u t
,
’

m i n e thi s o nce t o h o l d o u t wi th aga i ns t m y h u s b a n d s m oo d ”

’
, .
1 72 NO TE S .

sta ge. p e c u l i ar a n d a pp ro p r i a t e d r e ss o f Tr ag edy i s a p l l * a nd a

T he a

k n fe
i W h e n t r a ge d i e s w e r e r e p re se n t e d t h e s t age w a s h u ng w i th b l a ck
.

In l r af L ( 764—
, .

770) t h e r e i s a w o n d e rfu l co i nc i d e n c e w ith t h i s p as

’
. .

s a e i n w hi c h w e h a v e n o t o n ly B l a k tag e fo r t ag ed i e a n d m u d e s ‘
r s r r
g , c s

u t a l so om o t — k i l l i ng N g/z t i m age of H el l c o r r e s p o n d i ng w i th
’

f l b f
’ ‘
e l ,
c r z , ,

t / i k [Vgl z t a n d t h e d un n es t s m o k e o f h e l l
z c i A ga i n i n l i n e 788 w e h a v e .
, ,

T h r o u g h N g/i t bl a ck b o s o m s h o u l d n o t p eep ag a i n
’ ’
z s .

B u t w h a t e v e r m ay h a ve s u gge s t e d i t bl a n k et t h o u g h h o m e l y i s S h ak e , , ,
~

s pe a r i a n ; a n d a s W s u gge s t s t h e m a n w h o d o e s n o t a pp r e h e n d t h e
“

m e a n i ng a n d t h e p e r ti n e nce o f t h e fi g u r e h ad b e tt e r s h u t h i s S h a k e
, .
,
~

s p e a r e a n d g i ve h i s d a y s a n d n i ght s t o t h e p e r u sa l o f—s o m e m o re co rre c t

,

a n d c l a s s i c a l w r it e r .

f ter M rs J a m e so n r e m a r k s T h i s i s s u r e ly t h e v e r y r a pt “
53 H . er ea . .

u re o f a m b it i o n ! a n d t h o s e w h o h a v e h e a r d M r s S i d d o n s p r o n o u n ce t h e .

w o rd b e eafiter c a n n o t fo r ge t t h e l o o k t h e t o ne w h i c h s e e m e d t o g i v e h e r
r , ,

a u d it o r s a
g li m p s e o f t h e a w fu l f ut u r e w hi c h s h e i n h e r p r o p h e ti c fu r y , , ,

b e h o l d s u p o n t h e i ns t a n t ”
.

5 5 Ig nor a n t
. U n k n o w i ng I fe el b y a n ti ci p a ti o n th o s e fu t u re
.

h o n o u rs o f w hi c h a cco r d i ng t o t h e p ro c ess o f n a t u r e t h e p r e en t t i m e
, , . s

wo u l d b e i gn o r a n t (J o h n s o n) D e l i u s t a k e s i t t o m e a n o u r u n k n o wn
”
.
,

o b scu re i ng l o r i o u s p r ese n t a n d c it es W 7 1 i 2 3 9 7 : i gnor an t co n ”

, , . .

”
c e a l m e nt
M e t r i ca l l y a d i ss yl l a b l e
.

Feel . . G r 4 84 . .

5 9 O n t h e m e as ure ,
. see Gr 5 1 . 1 .

6 1 To beg u i l e t /z e t i m e
. T h a t i s ( as D e l i u s a n d S c h m i d t e xpl a i n) , t o .

t o w il e a w a y t h e t i m e as i n T N i i i 3 4 1
“ ”
d ecei ve m e n ; n o t Th e , . . . . .

sam e e xp r e ss i o n o c cu rs i n D a n i e l s Ci vi l Wa r s , b o ok v iii ( 1 609 )

’

xt
.

H e d ra w e s a T r a u e rs e ’ w i h i s gr e e u a n c e s t
l
L o o k e s i k e t h e i m e : h i s eye m ad e n ot re t p o rt
O f w a h e fe w i h i nht lt t .

P e r h a p s D a n i e l b o r r o we d i t fro m S .

6 3 C f R i c/z 1 1 ii i 2 1 9
. . . . . .

“
And w h e n t h ey fro m t h y b oso m u ck a f o we r, pl l
G u ard i t , I p y th ra ee, wi a u rk i ng a d d e r ;
”
th l
an d 2 H en V] . . iii
T h e s n ak e r o l l d i n a o we r i ng b a nk
. 1 . 2 28 :
’
fl .

70 . To a l ter
f a vou r , e t”c T o h e a r a n a l t e r e d face m a r k s fe a r i n y o u .

a nd c r e a t e s i t i n o t h e r s ( M b ly ) O = fa ce , cf 72 C i 2 9 1
o e r n
f a vo u r . . . . .

Y o u r o u t w ar d fa v o u r , e t c S e e a l s o P r ov xxxi 3 0
”
. . . .

SC E N
V I — Si r J o s h u a R e y no l d s r e m ar k s
E T h i s s h o r t d i a l o g ue b e
q
.

t we e n D u nca n a n d B a n u o h a s a l way s app e a re d t o m e a s t r i k i ng i ns t a n ce

o f w h a t i n p a i n ti n g i s t e r m e d r epose T h e i r co n v e r sa t i o n v e r y n a t u r a l l y .

t u r ns u p o n t h e b e a u ty o f t h e s it u a ti o n , a nd t h e pl e asan t ness o f t h e a i r ;
q
a n d B a n uo , o b s e r v i ng t h e m a r tl e t s n es t s i n e v e r y r e ces s o f t h e co r n i ce
’
.

r e m a r k s t h a t w h e r e th o s e b i r d s m o s t b r e e d a n d h a u n t t h e a i r i s d e l i c a t e .

Cf M i . lt on , l l P ens 9 7 . :

t
S o m e i m e l e t g o rg e o u s T r a g e d y
pt
In sce re d a co m e s we e i ng b y p ll p .
 A CT I . S CE NE V1 . 1 73
Th e t q
bj e c o f th i s u i e t a n d e as y co n v e rs a ti o n g i ves t h a t re p o s e so n e c
su

e ss a r y t o t h e m i n d a ft e r t h e t u m u l t u o u s b u s tl e o f t h e p r e ce d i ng s ce n e s ,
a n d p e r fe c tl y c o n t r a s t s t h e s c e n e o f h o r ro r t h a t i m m e d i a t e l y s u cce e d s
”
.

F r an z H o r n (S h a kesp ea r e s S c/z a u sp z el e E r /au tei t , t r a ns l a t e d by F u r

’

ne ss ) s a ys :

A v ery l p ass age i s fo u n d i n ac t i sc e n e 6 D n ca n h as

r e m a r k ab e . . u ,

i n a pl e as a n t w a y i n vi t e d h i m se l f t o s u p a n d p a s s t h e n i g ht i n M a c b e th s
’
,

c as tl e a n d e v e r y r e a d e r a n d s p e c t a t o r a n ti c i p a t e s th a t h e i s h e r e d e l i ve l e d
,

t o h i s m u i d e r e rs D u n c a n n o w a c t u a l l y a pp e ars b e fo 1 e t h e cas tl e i n
c o m p a n y w i th h i s fa i th f l B a n q u o a n d t h e q u e s t i o n p r e s s es u p o n u s
.

u ,

H o w w o u l d a b u n d i e d a nd aga i n a b u nd i e d o f 0m E u ro p e a n p o e t s h a v e
m a d e D u nca n t a l k ?
“
M o s t o f t h e m w o u l d h a v e m ad e h i m e xp r ess hi m s el f th o u ght fu l ly
gra ve ly o m i n o u s l y a ft e r t h e m a nn e r d o u b tl es s o f H e n ry IV o f F r a n c e
,

, , , , .
,

w h o b e a r s i n h i s p res a g i ng e a r t h e fo o t fa ll o f t h e m u rd e re r s e e k i n g h i m
‘

th ro ug h t h e s t re e t s o f Pa r i s fe e l i ng t h e s p e ct r a l k n i fe l o ng e r e R a va i l l a c
h a d a r m e d h i m s e l f t h e r e wi th O r i f t h e k i ng we r e re p r e se n t e d as u n
’
.
,

a ware o f c o m i ng e v il so m e fr i e n d a t l e a s t w o u l d w ar n h i m
, , a nd u p o n ,
-

b e i ng q u es ti o n e d w h e n ce c a m e h i s fo r eb o d i ngs w o u l d s ay n o m o r e th a n ,

t h a t a m y s t e r i o u s v o i ce w i th i n p ro m pt e d h i m th u s t o s p e ak It i s n o t .

t o be d e n i e d th a t i n m a n y t ra ge d i e s s u c h a t r e a t m e n t m i g ht b e p r o p e r .

B u t h e r e i t w o u l d d i s t u r b t h e e ffe c t ; fo r i n t o t h e ca l m s o ft s pi r i t o f
D u n can a n d i n t o t h e b o l d h e a r t o f B a n q u o n o m y s ti c v o i c es ca n p e n e
,

, ,

t ra t e .

O th e r p o e t s m i g h t p e r h a p s h ave h o p e d t o p r o d u ce an e x h il a r a ti ng
“

e ff e c t b y s h ar p co n t r a s t s a n d e v e n t o h a v e p u t t h e k i ng i n a l i g ht h e a r t
e d m er r y m o o d w h i c h w o u l d h a v e b e e n s u ffi c i e n tl y o u t o f pl ace
-

.
, ,

O u r p o e t i n hi s w i s d o m a nd c l e a r i ns i g ht i n t o h u m a n n a t u re h as
, ,

s t r u ck t h e r i g ht p o i n t an d i s th o r o u ghl y h u m a n a n d h u m a n e i n i n t r o
,

d u c i ng t h e r e p o s e w h i c h h e h e r e o p e n s b e fo re u s i n o r d e r t o d e e p e n t h e ,

t r agi c p a th os th a t fo l l ows .
”

M ob e r l y co m m e n t s 011 t h e p ass age a s fo l l ows : P e r fe c t p e a ce s e e m s

t o w e l c o m e t h e d o o m e d k i n g t o h i s k i ns m a n s h o use No s t a r tli ng ’
.

o m e n s ; a l i g h t a n d c h e e r fu l a i 1 ; m a 1 t i n s b u il d i ng as o n a t e m pl e a n d ,

s e c u i e l y h a t c hi n g th e i r y o u n g T h e p o e ti c i n s ti n ct i s t h e s a m e as t h a t
‘
.

w hi c h m a k e s H o m er 1 n l l x x ii 1 2 6 i n t r o d u ce i n t o H ec t o r s b i t t e 1 fa r e
’
, . .
,

w e l l t o l i fe t h e s o ft i m age o f t h e y o u th a n d m a i d e n c o n v e r s i ng n e a r
‘

s o m e o a k t r e e o r by s o m e s h a d o wy r ock
’

C o m p a r e wh a t S h e r i d an K n o w l es s a y s i n h i s L ectu r es on D r a m a ti c
-
.

Li ter a t u r e
We co m e t o th e s i xth
w h i c h h a s b e e n i n s t a n ce d b y a c e l e
s ce n e ,

b r a t e d a r ti s t a nd c r i ti c— S i r J os h u a Re y n o l d s —a s a n e x a m pl e o f r e l i e f,
'

a n a l o go u s t o w h a t i s t e ch n i c a l l y ca l l e d r e p o s e i n p a i n ti n g T h e a r ti s t .

a n d c r i ti c I a l l u d e t o co ns i d e rs thi s t o b e t h e e ffe c t o f d e s i g n 011 t h e p a r t

o f S h a k es p e a r e — t h a t i t i s i n t e n d e d by h i m t o r e l a x t h e t e n s i o n , t h e e x
t re m e t e ns i o n o f th a t i n t e r es t w hi c h h as b e e n hi th e r t o e x c i t e d i n t h e
a u d i e n c e , a n d k e pt co n s t a n tly u p o n t h e s t r a i n No t w i t h s t a n d i ng t h e
q
.

e l o u e n ce o f t h e r e m a r k , a n d t h e i n ge n u ity w i th w h i c h i t i s e n fo r c e d , I

a m i n c l i ne d t o t a k e a d i ffe r e n t vi e w o f t h e s u b e c t , a n d t o c o ns i d e r t hi s
j
1 74 NO TE S .

s ce n e th e r a n d a h i g h e r s t e p i n t h e c l i m a x of t h e a cti o n T h a t
as a no .

D u n c a n s h o u l d co n t e m pl a t e wi th s a ti s fa c ti o n t h e pl e as a n t s e a t o f M a c
b e th s c as tl e a nd th a t B a n q u o s h o u l d p a r ti c i p a t e i n t h e fe e l i ngs o f t h e
’

k i n g a r e p e r fe c tly n a t u ra l ; b u t t h a t t h e a u d i e n c e s h o u l d p a r t a k e thi s
,

v i e w i s as p r e p os t e ro u s a s t o s u pp o s e th a t w e c o u l d s e e a m a n a b o u t t o
s t e p i n t o a c a v e r n w hi c h w e k n o w t o b e t h e d e n o f a w il d b e a s t a n d ,

p a r ti c i p a t e i n h i s a d m i ra ti o n o f t h e fo l i age w hi c h m i g ht h app e n t o a d o r n
i t s e n t r a n ce S o fa r i f I m i s t a k e n o t fr o m t h e r e b e i ng a ny r e l a x i ng o f
.
, ,

t h e i n t e e s t h e e t h e r e i s a n a b s o l t e s t r a i n i ng o f i t
r r , T h e u n co ns c i o u s u .

n e s s o f t h e d e s ti n e d v i c ti m t o t h e fa t e t h a t a w a it e d i t t h e s m i l i n
g fl o w e rs ,

th a t d res s e d i t an d i t s pl a y fu l m o ti o ns a s i t wa l k e d t o t h e a l t ar o f s a cr i
,

fi c e m u s t h a v e s e r v e d n o t t o a s s u a ge b u t t o a ggr a v a t e i n t h e b e h o l d e r
, , ,

t h e fee l i ng o f i t s p re d i ca m e n t T h e r e i s n o re l i e f 0 r e p o s e h e r e H ow .
,
11 .

o ft e n i n w it n es s i n
g t hi s s ce n e h a v e I fe l t a w i s h t h a t s o m e s u s pi c i o n o f
'

fo u l pl a y wo l d fl a s h a cr o s s t h e m i n d o f B a n q u o a n d t h a t h e w o u l d h a ng
u ,

u p on t h e r o be s o f t he k i n
g a nd i m pl o r e h i m n o t t o e n t e r .

1 . S ea t . Ree d
B aco n , E ssay 4 5 : q u o t es
H e e th a t b u il d s a fa i r e
H o u s e , u p o n a n i l l S e a t , c o m m it t e th hi m se l f t o P r i son ” .

“
S en ses a r e n o t hi ng m o re t h a n a nd m a n s sen se
’
3 S en s es . . Ge n tl e .

sen se m e a n s
p l a ci d , ca l m , comp os ed , a nd i n ti m a t es t h e p e ace a b l e d el i g ht of
( J o h ns o n ) It m a y b e co n s i d e r e d a n i ns t a n ce o f p r o l e p s i s
”
a fi ne d a
y . .

C f i 3 8 4 a n d i i i 4 76
. . . . . .

4 l lf ar t l et T h e fo l i os h a v e B ar l e t T h e e m e n d a ti o n i s R o we s,
’
. . .

a n d i s a d o pt e d b l l h d it I i pp t d y [r] y V i i 9 2 8
b ‘
y a t e e o rs t s s u o r e z
L
. . . . .

“
i k e t h e m ar tl e t , B u il d s i n t h e we a th e r 0 11 t h e o u t war d w a l l
”
Cf T . .

o A iii
f
M V
. .

Appr ove z p r o ve ; a s o ft e n i n S Cf o
f V i ii 2 79 ; 2 H en [ i . . . . . . .

A W i i i 7 1 3 etc . . .
, .

5 M a s i on y T h e o b a l d s e m e n d a ti o n fo r t h e M an s o n r y o f t h e
’
n . r .

f li P h p m y , a o pt d b y P o p e ( 2 d
d wa s S s w o r d He
’
o os e r a s. a s o n r e . .

u se s i t i n S on n
5 5 6 a nd A W i i 1 3 1 l l/a n s z on ry i s fo u n d n o w h e r e
'

. . . . . .

e sel .

6 .
fi t tty . The
w o r d as j ett y (s ee T h e C P e d c i t es C o t
sa m e . . .

gr a v e ( F r S o u pe n d u e, f A p e n th o u se ; i u t t i e , o r p a r t o f a
'

. .

b u il d i ng th a t i u tt i e t h b e y o n d , o r l e a n e th o u e r , t h e r e s t ” T h e fo l i o s r e a d .

j u tty f i e z e w i th o u t a co m m a b e t wee n, a s i f j u tty w e r e a n a dj e c ti v e

”
r .

It i s n o t , h o we v e r , fo u nd a s a n a dj e c t iv e , t h o ug h i t o cc u r s b o th a s a s u b
s t a n t i ve a n d a s a v e r b F o r t h e l a tt e r , s e e t h e p ass ag e j u s t u o t e d fr o m
. q
C o t g r a v e , a n d H en V i i i 1 1 3 . . . .

O
’
e r h a ng a nd j tty
u h is c o n fo u n d e d b a se .

S . u se s l y t w i ce
th e wo rd on .

7 C i gn / v n t g e
. o C o n v e n i e n t co rn e r (J o h ns o n ) H u n t e r th i n k s
q a a .
.

i t m e a ns p r oj e t i ng co r ne r D y c e r e m a r k s th a t co gn i s a w o r d o f r a re
c . i

c cu r r e n ce a n d c i t e s S yl v e s t e C a p e o f H o p e Ias t co i g n ’ “
o s D B ta r
’

, a ar s .
,

o f A f i ca w h e e t h e o r i g i n a l h s n o t coi n b u t
r r a ng l e d e r n i e r d A f a
“ ’

ri q ue
, ,

S u s es t h e w o r d o n l y h e r e a n d i n Co v 4 1 u n l e ss P er i i i
”
. . r . . .
, .

p r l 1 7 i s t o be a d d ed
o . .
1 76
NO TE S .

T hi s g w as su gge s t e d b y G B l i nk ( Notes a n d Q u er i es , M ay 2 5,
re a d n i .

a n d wa s a b l y d e fe n d e d b y a w r it e r i n t h e B ost o n Co u r i er , A p r i l 2 5 ,

1 8 5 7, as t h e fo l l o w i ng e xt r a ct s fr o m h i s a r ti c l e ( u o t e d b y F u r n e s s ) w il l q
s how
Th e i f m e a n s , i f, w h e n t h e m u r d e r i s c o m m itt e d , th e r e w e r e t h e e n d
" ’

of i t . S o S c hil l e r , i n h i s a d m i r a b l e t r a n s l a ti o n o f t h e pl a , c l e a r ly d i s y
c e r ns i t : W ar e s a u c h a bget/z a n , w e nn e s g et /t a n i s t , D a n n w ar e s g u t ,
’ ’
'

e s w ii r d e r a s c h ge t h a n T h e w o r d s It w e re d o n e
‘
u i c k ly
’
s o u nd q
s u p e r n u m e r a r y a n d o u t o f pl ace , a s th e y a r e g e n e r a l ly r e c i t e d T h ey .

h a ng l i k e a n e n cu m b r a nce T h e y c l og t h e m o v e m e n t o f t h e v e rs e
. .

A b o v e al l , th e y d r a g i n a n e w a n d i n fe r i o r th o u gh t , a ft e r t h e g r e a t a r g u
fi
m e n t h as b e e n s u f c i e n tly p ro n o u n ce d C u t t h e m o ff, th e n, fr o m t h e i r .

c o n n e c t i o n w it h t h e p re ce d i ng l i n e , w hi c h t h e y d o b u t c u m b e r , a n d s e e
w h a t n e w for ce y o u w i l l g i v e t o t h e w h o l e s o l i l o q uy
If i t were d on e w h en
’
tis d on e , th en
’
tw er e we ll .
’

T h e r e 1 5 t h e fu l l th e m e a n d t r u e k e y n o t e o f t h e pi e ce It i s co m pl e t e -

i n i tsel f .It p r e p ar e s t h e w a y fo r a l l th a t fo l l o w s It a n n o u n ce s t h e .

t e rr i b l e p rob l e m w it h w h i ch M a cb e th s u ns t e a d y p u r p o se w a s wre s tl i ng
’

fi
.

It r e m i nd s u s o f t h e r s t l i ne o f H a m l e t s b e w il d e re d s e l f c o n fi d e n c e
’

q
-

To b e , o r n o t t o b e ; t h a t i s th e u es ti o n T h e s p e ak e r m a y w e l l
‘ ’
.

p a u s e , i n b o t h case s, w h e n h e c om e s t o th a t p o i n t of t h e aw ful d e b at e '

A n d t h e r e t h e ra th e r , b e ca u s e b y s u c h a co u rs e t h e s e n t e n ce th a t fo l l o w s
w il l b e as m u ch e n r i c h e d b y w h a t i t ga i ns a s t h e s e n t e nce t h a t p r e ce d e s
i s r e l i e v e d b y w h a t i t s u r re n d e rs T h e c l a u s e , th a t s e e m e d a l m o s t i m
.

p er ti ne n t w h ere i t s t o o d , b e co m e s a r e i nfo r ce m e n t i n i t s ne w r e l a ti on
It ly
w e re d on e q u i ck , i f t h e a s s ass i n a t i on
C o u d l t
r a m m e u p t h e c o nls e q u e n c e ,
’
et c .

O b se r v e h ow m u c h c l e ar e r a n d m o r e co m p ac t t h e r e s t o f t h e p e r i o d b e
co m e s b y b e g i n n i ng i t i n t hi s n e w w a y .

M a cb e t h p r o fe ss es t o d e fy r e l i g i o n, a nd t o care n o th i ng fo r t h e
th r e at e n e d r e t r i b u ti o n s o f an o th e r w o r l d b u t h e d r e ad s t h e a v e ng i ng o f
h i s Cr i m e s h e r e B u t h e r e , u p on th i s a n
b k d s h oa l o f Ti m e T hi s
’
a n .

d e s c r i pti o n , b y t h e w a y, o f t h e gu i l ty t h a ne , th i n k i ng o n ly o f t h e e a r th
w it h i t s s h a tt er i ng fo r t u n e s , a n d o f t h e p r e s e n t l i fe w i t h i t s p e tty s p ace
a nd i t s
‘
b r i e f c and l e , i t s c r e e pi ng t o m o r r o ws a n d i t s e s t e r d a y s, th a t d o
’
-

y
n o t h m g b u t l i g ht fo o l s t o th e i r d e a th , i s w o n d r o u s ly s u s t a i n e d i n e ve r
y
p ar t o f t h e pl ay , t il l at l as t h e cr i e s o u t i n d es p a i r
I
g i n t o gr ow a w ea ry o f t h e s u n ,
’

A nd is W h
_
’
t
t h e es at e 0 t h e w or d w e r e l n ow u n d o n e .

If we re a n t h et i p o i n ti ng— w h i c h see m s b e s t o n t h e w h o l e —t h e
ol d ,

m e a n i ng i s If t h e a c t w e re r e a l l y o v e r w h e n d o n e th e n t h e s o o n er w e ,

a c co m pli s h i t t h e b e tt e r T h e s e n t e n ce s w hi c h fo l l o w a r e th u s p a r a
”
.

p h r as e d b
y M o b e rl y If t h e m u r d e r co u l d b e l i k e a n e t t a k i ng i n a l l
:

co n s e q u e n ce s a t a s i ngl e h a u l a n d b i n i n
,

g g u p a s t h e h au l ce a ses a co n c l u
r

s i v e a n d fi n a l s u cces s ; i f o n l y t h e b l o w c o u l d e n d a l l a pp r e h e n s i o n s h e re
, , ,

i n thi s l i fe s h a l l o w a s i t i s w e m i g ht r i s k t h e l i fe t o c o m e
, , B u t i t i s no t .

s o ; b e s i d e s t h e g r e a t fu t u r e t h e r e i s a n e a r e r f t u r e o f t e m p o r a l re t r i
, u

b o t i o u w hi c h w e t e ac h o th e rs t o e x ec u t e 011 o u r s e l v es
, .
”
 A CT 1 . S CE NE V1 ] .
, 77

3 .Tr a m m el up E n t angl e as i n a n e t A t r a m m el wa s a k i n d o f n e t
. . .

. r l
C f Q u a e s , E m l em :b s
“
Na y, C u pi d , pi t c h thy t r a m m e l w h e r e t h o u
p l e a se In S p e ns e r i t i s a n e t fo r t h e h a i r ; a s i n E Q i i 2 1 5 :
”
. . . ,

H e r go d e n l l o ck e s s h e r ou n d ly d i d u ptye
In b r e a d e d tra m e s l ”
( th a t i s, b ra i d e d n e t s ) ;
a nd 1d . iii .
9, 20
l
H e r go d e n l o ok s, th t
we re i n t ra m m e l l s ga y

t
Up
A n d r a u h u n o he
a

r eel e s
t
b o u n d e n, d i d h e m s e e s ad o wn e d i s l a y
t h ”
lv p
g .

4 H i s su r cea se
. It s c o n c l u s i o n o r ce s s a t i o n O n k i s i t s se e G r 2 2 8
.
, .
z
, .
,

a n d c f T mp p 1 2 0 n o t e 0 11 IV i t /t i t s sw eet i r S u r cea se ( s e e W b h as
’
f
e a

n o e ty m o l og i ca l c o nne c t i o n w ith cea se be i ng d e r i v e d fro m t h e F r su r seoi

. .
. . .
,

, . r

( L a t s per sed er e) S u s es i t a s a n o u n o n l y h ere ; b ut a s a ve rb i n

. u . .

f
o L 1 766 , Cor i i i 2 1 2 1 , an d P a n d 7 i v
. . . . . .

S u ccess U s e d i n i t s o 1 d i na r y s e n s e ; a s i n i 3 9 0, 1 3 2 , a nd i
. 1 . .

ab o v e .S t t ak e s i t h e re as
.
= “
s e q u e l , w h a t fo ll o ws , m ak i ng
“
t o ca t ck ,
w ith h i s s u r ce ase , su cce s , a n e t of t ra m m e l u p t h e co u s e
”
s e n fo ce
r m n
‘

H e p a r a ph r a se s t h e p ass age th u s “
If t h e a s s as s i n a ti o n
w e 1 e a n a b so l u t e l yfi
n a l a c t , a n d c o u l d s h u t u p a l l co n se c u t 1 o n be t he
b e a l l a n d t h e e n d a l l e ve n o f t hi s l i fe o n l —we w o u l d r u n t h e h az a r d o f
’
y
a fu t u i e s t a t e
”
0 11 su ccess i n t hi s s e ns e , s ee 7 C p 1 5 1 , no t e o n Op i n
. . . .

i o n s of s u ccess a nd c f T a n d C i i 2 1 1 7 :
“ ”
fe ar o f b a d s u cces s, e t c
y
. . . . . .

6 B u t l z er e O n l h e r e , o n l y 1 11 thi s l i fe .

d
. .

S /z oa l T h e fo l i o s h a v e S c h o o l e , w hi c h s o m e c r i ti c s wo u l i e t ai n
y
. .

l
E w n sa s i “
B a n k IS u s e d fo r ben cb , a n d t i m e fo r m or ta l l if e : wh i c h ,
q fi
.

u a l i e d a s a be n ck a n d s c/ z ool o i n st r u ct i on , i s pl ac e d i n a n ti th e s i s t o t b e
f
l ife t o com e H e r e t h e i d e a o f ca l l i ng t hi s l i fe t /z e s c/i ool of eter n i ty , a s p r e
y y
.

p ar i ng m an fo r t h e p ar t h e i s t o p e rfo r m t h e r e , i s n o t o n l t h o r o ughl i n
a cco r d a n c e w i t h t h e t r u th fu l g e n i u s o f S h a k e s p e a r e , b u t i t i s b e a u ti fu l l y

t i
s us a ned i n t h e e xp re s s i o n s t h a t fo o w
l l i t ,
‘
th a t we b u t tea c/z b l o o d . y
i ns t r u c t i o n Th e fe e l i ng e xp r ess ed i s t hi s If h e re o nly , u p o n th i s b e n c h
’
.

o f i n s t ru c ti o n , i n t h i s s c h o o l o f e t e r n i ty , I c o u l d d o t hi s w i t h o u t b r i ng i n g
th es e , m y p u pi l d a y s, u nd e r s u ffe r i ng, I wo u l d h az a r d i ts e ffec t o n t h e
e n d l e s s l i fe t o c o m e
”

fi
.

T h eo r s t s u gge s t e d s / z oa l , e xpl a i n i ng i t T hi s S k a /l ow , th i s n a r r ow
L
.

F or d o f h u m a n e i fe , o pp o se d t o t h e g r ea t A byss o f E t e rn i ty .

F m = r i s k , h a z a i d , c f Cor i i i 1 1 4 : To j u m p a
7 7
. 1i m
p o r
j u .
p 5 . . . . .

b od w y i t h a da g n e r u
o s p hy s i c C y m b v 4 1 88 :
“
j u m p t h e a ft e i i n =
~

q
. . .

u i r y 011
y o u 1 o wn p e r i l .

8 Tno t
. S o t h a t ; a s i n l i ne 2 5 b e l o w
. G r 2 83 . . .

Il Com m en d s O ffe rs , co m m i t s C f
. . i ii 3 1 1 6 H i s gl i t » . . . . .

t e r i i i g a r m s h e w il l co m m e nd t o u s t , A n d C i v 8 23 : C o m m e nd
“ '

r a . . .

u n t o h i s l i p s thy fa vo u i i n g h a n d , S e e al so i i i 1 3 8 be l ow
”
et c
fi
. . . .

1 7 F acu l t i es O f c i a l p o we rs o r p r e r o g a t i ve s T h e C P e d c it e s
y
. . . . .

H en . i 2 73 w h e r e W o l s e s a y s
. .
,

TM rad u ce d by i gn or a n
fa c u t i es n orle rs o n
o n g u es , wh i c
’
p
tt h
If I
nei th
am
er k n ow
y
20 . T ak i ng f
o
“

D e l i us c it es L ea r , v
. H is s p ee dy t ak i ng o ff.
‘

Se e a l so i i i . be l ow .
 VO TE S
1 78
.
. .

21 . A n a k ed n ew -
bor n ba be . E i th e r l i k e a m o r t a l b a b e t er r i b l e
in
h e l pl e s s ne ss ; o r l i ke
’
ea e n s h v c h i l d a n ge l s , m i g hty i n l o v e
-
a n d co m

p as s i o n ( M o be r ly ”

22 . C f T1 771p i 2 1 5 2
C/z er u bi n . a ch e i u b i n,
.
a n d s e e n o t e i n ou r. .

ed p 1 1 5
. . S o m e e d i t o rs p i i n t
. c he r ub i m h e r e , b u t t h a t fo r m 1 8 fo u n d
n o w h e i e i n t h e fo l i o M a l o n e i e m ar k s th a t t h e th o u gh t se e m s t o h a v e
.

b e e n b 01 r o w e d fro m P sa l m s , xv i i i 1 0 ; a nd t h e C P e d q u o t e s R a n d
7 1 L 2 2 8—
. . . . .

.
31 . .

23 S ig h t l es s
. S ee o n i 5 4 7. . . .

T/z a t tea r s , e t c S e e o n 8 ab o v e Cf T an d C i v 4 55 W h er
'

25 . . . . . . . .

y t e a r s ? R a i n, t o l a y thi s w i n d
”
a re m .

l l z a ve n o sp u r , e t c M a l o ne s a y s T h e r e a r e t w o d i s ti n c t m e t a ph o rs
. .

I h a v e 11 0 s p u r t o p r i c k t h e s i d e s o f m y i n t e n t I h a v e n o th i ng t o sti m u
l a te m e t o t h e e x e c u ti o n o f m y p u r p os e , b u t a m b iti o n , w h i c h i s a p t t o
o v e rr e a c h i t s e l f ; t hi s h e e xp r e sse s b y t h e s e co n d i m age , o f a p e rs o n
m e a n i ng t o v a u l t i n t o h i s s a d d l e , wh o , b y t a k i ng t o o gr e a t a l e a p , w i l l
fa l l o n t h e o th e r s i d e ” .

2 8 On M e otb er
. T h a t i s , t h e o th e r s i d e ; b u t th e r e i s 11 0 n e ce ss ity fo r
.

s u pplyi ng s i d e, a s H a n m e r , K e i g h tl e y , a n d o th e rs h a v e d o n e
“ ”
As H . .

t h e s e n se f eel s b e tt e r w i t h o u t it , as t hi s s h o w s t h e s p e a k e r t o
“
r e m a rk s,

b e i n s u c h a n e age r ly e xp e c t a n t s t a t e o f m i nd a s t o b r e a k o ff t h e i n s t a nt
h e h a d a p r o s p e c t o f a n y n e ws
”

q fi
.

A c u i r e d , ga i n e d ( S c h m i d t ) ; a g u r a ti v e u se o f t h e
“ ”
3 2 B ong /i t
LLL
. .

wo r d n a t u ra l e n o ug h , a n d c o m m o n i n S Cf i 1 5 . . . . . . .

Th e e n d ea v o u r of th i p t b re a th m ay b u v
Th t h a ono u r
s res e n

Th e fo rce o f h i s own m e r i m ak e s h i s w ay : t
t th t h v
.

v h h y
A gi f
A
a
pl
a ce n e xt
e a e n g i e s fo r h i m , w i c
t o t h e k i ng,
”
e tc
bu
.
s

C f th e. u se o f pu r c/z a se i n P i ck . i .
3 . 2 8 2 a nd M qf V . ii .
9 43
. .

3 4 Wou l d . See G r 3 2 9
. . .

3 5 Wa s t b c l z ope d r u n k , e t c
. A so m e w h a t v i o l e n t m ixt u r e o f m e t a .

p h o r s ; b u t t h e se nse i s c l e a r W e r e yo u d r u nk w h e n yo u fo r m e d y o u r .

b o l d pl a n , a n d a re y o u n o w j u s t a wa k e fr o m t h e d e b au c h , t o b e c r e s t
fa l l e n , s h i i n k i ng, m e a n s pi r i t e d ( M ob e r ly ) C f G r 529 -
Fo r a . . .

s i m il a r fi g u 1 e , w it h o u t t h e m ixt u r e , s e e K 7o l i n , i v 2 1 1 6
”
. . .

37 G r e en a n d p a l e
“
T hi s re fe r s t o t h e w r e t c h e d a pp e a ra nc e t h a t
q
. .

H o p e p r es e n t s 011 a w a k i ng fro m h e r d r u n k e n ne ss , a n d i n co n s e u e n ce
of i t q
( D e l i u s , uo t e d b y F u r n es s ) .

4 1 I/V ou l d s t t k on l z a ve, e t c D o yo u d e s i r e t h e cr o w n, y e t r e so l v e t o
y
. .

l i v e a co wa r d b e ca u se y o u r d a r i ng w il l n o t s e c o nd y o u r d es i re ? M o b e r l
s u b s t i t u t es l ea ve fo r l z a ve, e xpl a i n i n
g it W o u l d y o u fo r sa k e t h a t co u r
a ge w hi c h
yo u h a v e a l w a y s v i e w e d as t h e o r na m e n t o f l i fe , a n d b e l i k e
t h e c a t w h o * l o n ge d fo r fi s h b u t w o u l d n o t w e t h e r fe e t
'

1 his wko f t l
m g t o i r r a i o n a an i m a s 1 5 n o t u n co m m o n i n g o o d E n g i s l l h
t Wh
'

u se of i n r e e ri

wri e rs t o f ou r d ay E en
. v M r G ra n . i t e h as a d og w h o
”
i n on e o f h i s a ers i n t h e p p
Ga l a x y . O n t h e S a k es h p e a r i a n u s ag e , s e e G r 2 5 9 ( 2 ) a n d 2 6 4 . .
1 80 NO TE S .

h as til y i n t er r u pt s h e r h u sb an d c h e ck i ng t h e ve r y i d e a o f fa il ure as i t ,

r i s e s i n h i s m i nd
”

In h e r i m p e rs o n a t i o n o f t h e p a r t o f La dy M a c
.

M rs J a m e s o n s a y s.
“

b e th M rs S i d d o n s a d o pt e d s u cce ss i v e ly t h r e e d i ffe r e n t i n t o n a ti o ns i n
A t fi rs t a q u i ck c o n t e m pt uo u s i n t e rr o ga ti o n
.
,

g i v i ng t h e w o r d s w e f i l a
— we s i l
.

A ft e r wa r d s w i t h t h e n o t e o f a d m i r a t i o n
’
‘
w e f i l l a nd a n a

a cce n t o f i n d i g n a n t as t o n i s h m e n t l a yi n g t h e p r i n c ip a l e m p h as i s 0 11 t h e

w o r d w e—w e fa i l L as tly s h e fi x ed 011 w h a t I a m co n vi nce d i s t h e t r ue ,

,

r ea d i n w e fa i l w it h t h e s i m pl e p e r i o d m o d u l a t i ng h e r v o i c e t o a
’
g
d e e p l o w r e s o l u t e t o n e w hi c h s e ttl e d t h e i s s u e a t o nce —as t h o u g h s h e
.
,

, , ,

h a d s a i d i f w e fa il w h y t h e n w e fa i l a nd a l l i s o v e r T hi s i s co n s i s t e n t
‘ ’
.
, , ,

w ith t h e d a r k fa t a l i s m o f t h e c h a r ac t e r a nd t h e s e ns e o f t h e l i n e fo l l o w
i ng a n d t h e e ffe c t was s ub l i m e a l m os t a w fu l
”
.
, ,

C om p a r e w h a t F l e t c h e r (s e e p 2 4 ) s a y s H e r q u i e t r e pl y We ‘

fa il i s e v e r y w ay m os t c h a r a c t e r i s ti c o f t h e s p e a k e r—e xp re s s i ng th a t
.
,

m o r a l fi r m n es s i n h e r s e l f w h i c h m a k e s h e r q u i t e p re p a r e d t o e n d u r e t h e
,

co n se q u e n ces o f fa il u r e — a n d a t t h e s a m e ti m e c o n v e yi ng t h e m o s t d e , ,

c i s i ve r e b u k e o f s u c h m o r a l c o wa r d i ce i n h e r h u s b a n d as c a n m a k e h i m
r e ce d e fro m a p u r p o se m e r e l y o n a cco u n t o f t h e p o ss i b i l i ty o f d e fe a t — a
p os s i b i l ity w hi c h u p t o t h e v e r y co m pl e t i o n o f t h e i r d es i gn s ee m s ne v e r
t h o ug h s h e fi nd s i t n ece ss a ry t o b an i s h i t
, ,

a b s e n t fro m h er o w n m i n d ,

fro m th a t o f h e r h u sb a n d
”
.

60 B u t cr ew y o r cou r ag e e t c
. s A m e t a ph o r p er h a p s t ak e n fro m
u , .

p t h e c h o r d s o f s t r i nge d i ns t r u m e n t s ( S t e e ve ns )
”
t h e s r ew i ng c u Cf
W re n c h up thy p o we r t o t h e hi gh es t
. .

Cor i 8 1 1 7 1 N v 1 1 25
“
. . . . .

A d th t I p tly k w th i t m t
Th t w m f m m y t pl i y f v n
a scre
a
s
ar

e ro
no e
ru e
ns r u
ac e
en

n ou r a ou r.

C f a l so 7 : a n d C i ii 3 2 2
. . . .

B t t hi A t u s n e n or,
I k w i h w t i th i ff i
TWh ttith i h i mg ti t i l l m t l k a

an
no

n
,
e r
s su c
ne o
a na
a
a
re s

on s a
”
n e r a
us s ac
a rs

g g s e .

T h e C P e d r e m a r k s t h a t as a w r est i s a n i ns t r u m e n t fo r t u n i ng a h a r p
. . .
, ,

thi s l as t p ass age fa v o u rs S t e e ve ns s i n t e p re t a ti o n o f t h e m e t a ph o rfl ‘ ’

r

64 Wa sa i l . Cf L L L v 2 318 s . A t w a k e s a n d wa s s a il s
. . H m . . . . i .

i 4 9 k e e p s w a ss a i l F o r t h e o r i gi n o f t h e w o rd se e W b
“
. . e tc , .
, .

M il t o n h a s w a a i l r s i n Com u s 1 79 s u c h l a t e w a ss a i l e rs
ss e , .
”

C n vi n e O v e r co m e ( La t con vi n cer e) ; a s i n i v 3 1 4 2 be l o w S e e
o c

O n t h e l i t e r a l u s e o f G re e k a nd La ti n d e r i va ti ve s i n
. . . . .

a l s o Ot I z iv 1 28 . . . .

t h e E l i z a b e th a n w r i t e r s s e e G r 12
6 5—
, . .

6 7 T h e C P e d re m a r k s
.
B y t h e o l d an a t o m i s t s (Vi go fol 6 b
. . .
, . .

e d 1 5 86 ) t h e b r a i n w as d iv i d e d i n t o t h r e e v e n t r i c l es i n t h e hi n d e r m o s t o f
whi c h th ey pl a ce d t h e m e m o r y
.
,

T h a t thi s d i vi s i o n w a s n o t u n k n o w n t o
S h a k e s p e re w e l e a r n fr o m L L L i v 2 70 : A fo o l i s h e xt r a va ga n t
.

‘
a . . . . .
,

j Mr
"
. N il e , in his [Ma c be t h ( E d i n b u r gh ,
ed of h as t h e fo o w i ng cu r i o u s n o e o n
—fi x e d o i n , w i t a c o e r a us i o n t o t h e d e a d e a i ng
. ll t
th p is a s sa g e :
“
s t i ck i ng pl a ce p t h v t ll th -
l
sp t h
o c osen by t h e b u c e r th S o [s i c ] 1 11 t h e G o r g i o n s G a l l e ry of G a l l a n t In ve n t o r s,
W hi h
.

‘5 7 8
c fl o w r e o u t o f m y h a nd e s h ll a ne v p er ass e ,
B ut i n m y ar e s a h t
a h ll h v e a s t i c k i ng pl ac e .
’
 AC T ] —
S CE t VE V1 I
. .
1 81

S pi r i t fu ll o f fo rm s fi g ure s s h a p e s o bj e c t s i d e a s a pp re h e n si o ns m o ti o ns
, , , , , , , ,

r e v o l u ti o ns ; th e s e a r e b e o t i n t h e v e n t r i c l e o f m e m o r y T h e t hi r d
’
g .

v e n t i c l e i s t h e ce r e b e l l u m b y w hi c h t h e b r a i n i s co n n e c t e d w ith t h e
r ,

s pi n a l m a rr o w a n d t h e r es t o f t h e b o d y ; t h e m e m o r y i s p o s t e d i n t h e

ce r e b e l l u m l i k e a w a r d e r o r se n ti n e l t o wa r n t h e r e a s o n a g a i n s t a tt a c k

w h e n t h e m e m o ry i s c o n v e r t e d b y i n t o x i ca ti o n i n t o a m e r e fu m e ( c f
,

Te m p v . . 1 . 67
Th e i gn or an t fu m es th t man tl
Th 3

e i r c ea r e r l
a e

th e n i t fi ll s t h e b r a i n it se l f t h e r e ce ipt o r r e ce pt a cl e of re as o n w hi c h th u s , ,

be c o m e s l i k e a n a l e m b i c o r ca p o f a s til l F o r f m e cf Cy m b i v 2 3 0 1 . u , . . . .

A b lt f th i g h t t th i g ‘
o o no n , s o a no n ,

Wh i h t h b i m k f f m c e ra n a es o u es
’

y
.

And D r d e n
’
s A u r eng z ebe
l
P o w e r i k e n e w w i n e d o e s o ur w e ak b ra i n y su r pri s e,

A n d i t s m ad fum e s i n h o t d i s co u rse s r i s e ’ .

S ee a so l A . and C ii. . 1 . 24

Ti e up th e l ib t i er ne in a fi ld
e of fe as t s,
Ke e p h i s b ra i n fu m i n g .
’

R e c e pt a c l e ( S c h m i d t ) t h e o n l y i n s t a n ce o f thi s m e a n
”
66 R ecei pt
q
. .

i g
n i n S C f [ Wat t i x 9 .
“
t h e r e c e ipt o f c u s t o m
. T he C P e d .u o t es . . . .

a fa i r e r e c e ip t o f w a t e r ( t h e b as i n o f a fo u n t a i n ) ’
“
B a co n, E ssay 4 6
L L
.

67 i m beck
. A l e mbic S e e W b C f Mi l t o n , P . i i i 605 D r a i n d . . . . . .

th r o ug h a l i m b e c .

6 8 A d ea . t /z
“
T h e a r ti c l e m a y b e u se d b e c a u se i t i s o n l y a k i nd o f
.

d e a th , a s l e e p , w h i c h i s m e a n t (C P Cf W T iv 2 3
”
. . . . . . .

Im b i b i ng l i k e a s p o nge ( Sc h m i d t ) C f T a n d C ii
”
7 1 Spo ngy . . . . . .

2 12.
“
M o e s p o ngy t o s u ck i n t h e se nse o f e ar
r f ”
.

72 Q u e/l . M u rd e r ; a e u ph e m i s m , a cco rd i ng t o S c h m i d t Q u e/l i n

. .

O l d E ng l i s h = k i l l , w h i c h i s o r i g i n a l l y t h e sa m e w o rd S ee W b Cf . . .

S p e ns e r , E Q i i 7, 40 : . .

an d we ll co u ld w ld e
T h t a c u rs e d we a p on, w h en his crue ll f ho es e qu el d ;

an d Id . v . 1 0, 36
h e di d h i m q ue , ll
An d h
e w i ng o ff h i s
, e ad , b e i t r e se n e d h p t
Be fo r e t h e fe e t e o f t h e fa i r e P as t o r e l l
”
.

M a n qu el l er ( = m a n s l a y e r m u r d e r e r )
-
i n 2 f f en I V 1 1 1 5 8 Th e , o cc u r s . . . . .

C P e d sa s
. . a y th t
t h e s a m e co m o u n d i s u s e d b
.
y W c f fo r e e cu o n p i li x ti
er i n r a ns a n g l il ar k , t 2 7, a n d fo r
“
l ti
m u r d e re r , A cts , 4 Ac vi . xx v i ii . .

c o r d n g t o Na r e s , t e
i t l J ly l l
“ ”
h r e d o u b a b e a ck w a s fo r m e r ca e d
“
t he

g ani t
u e er,
”
-
q ll
ns e a d o f t h e m o r e m o d e r n
g an k e r
”
i t i t ill
-

73 fl /et tl e In t h e e a r e d s 11 0 d s n c o n i s m a d e b e we e n m eta l ly i ti ti t
Lp
. . .

a n d m et t l e S e e B i c/z [ 1 5 7, n o e 0 1 1 T/z a t m eta l

. . . t .

74 B ecei v d
.
’
A c ce p e d a s r u e , b e e e d C f JV f or i l l
.
3 16 t t li v . . . . i . .

For so I ha v e st r e w
’
’
d it in the c o m m o n e a r,
A nd so i t is r e ce i v d ;

T G . .
f
o V . v .
4 78. : And o n ce a a n
g i I do rece i v e th e e h o ne s t .
”
 NO TE S
. .

77 . on ” . O th e r w i s e s ee G r . . 12 .

79 . B en d u
p .S t r a i n, l i k e a b o w . C f H en V
. . . i ii . 1 . 1 6
Ho d l h ar d t h e b r e a t h , a nd b end up e v e ry S pi i t
r
T o h i s fu eigll h ht
”
.

80 E ac/i corp or a l
. a
g en t . A l l m y b o d ily p o we rs .

8 M ock t l z e t i m e S ee 0 11 i 5 6 1
f
. . . . .

ACT II .

SC E N
I — Th e o l d s age d r e c o n s a s n o
E . t i ti y th i ng a b o u t a s er va n t itw h
a t
orc , h
as i n m a n m od e rn e d s ou g , y . th h as D . r e m ark s ,
“
a T o rc h
ti
s o m e m e s m e a n s a t or c/
z bea r er , a s a Tru m -
pet m e a ns a t r u mpet er .

4 H ol d , t a k e my sw or d , e t c F a e , t o w o se O n o n o f t h e c ar ac l th h pi i h
q
. .

t e r o f B a n uo we a e a re a d h v
r e fe r r e d ( l y
1 6 5 a b o e ) , co m m e n s 011 s p . v t t hi
p
s ee c h
a s fo o ws ll
“
q
B a n u o e n e rs w t i th
h i s s o n F l e a n ce , w h o o d s a o rc W no t h l t h . il l
thi
t h e m an d o som e l t n i t p v t
g a t as fo r h i s k ng, a k e s o m e m e as u r e s t o r e e n
l i
a cr u e v yt hi
cr m e ? E eri j i t l t h
ng c o m b n e s t o e n o n t h e m o s ca r e fu wa c
l p ty
fu n e ss u o n hi m i f d u h q i ithi
a nd t
o n o u r a re
y e t u ck w n h i s b re a s ;
and h p h q
e r e w e co m e t o a s e e c
,

hi h t
o f B an u o s t o h i s so n t o w c we m u s
’

p i lh
pa y s e c a i p it li
e e d , s nc e u o n li h t t
t h e e a r e r E ng s co m m e n a o rs , S t e e v
th
e n s a m o ng h v em, th i i i l th y th t t hi t
a e ba s ed e r r d cu ou s y eor a in s ra e d
g
q t t M th
B a n u o , i n c o n ras t o a cbet y p , t
w h o i s l e d as ra , r e res e n s t h e m a n
1 84 NO TE S .

1 63, 1 5 74 ; Temp . i . 2 . 1 89 , 1 9 4, 1 98 ; M f or M iv
. 1 .
35 ; M . . N . D . v . 1 .

3 80, etc
q
.

Ofi ces
1 4 T h e s e r va n s u ar e r s C f R i ck I] 2 6 9 a n d se e n o e t ’
t i t
fi
. . . . . . . .

i n our ed 1 59 p
R o we , D , S t , a n d o e r s r e a d o f ce r s e re th h
q t t
. . . . . .

1 6 S /i u t up .
“
T h a t i s , c o n c u d e d ( S t e e ven s )
. a o ne u o e s S o we s
’
l . M l
A n nal s :
“
t h e k ng s m aj e s t i e s u
’
u p al l w a i e or a on
”
h t i th pi thy x h t ti .

Sc m d e h i t xpl i
a ns t h e a ssa g e u s :
“
Su m m ed up al l a he had to p th th t
sa , in e
y xp i
r e s s n g h i s m e a s u r e ess co n e n T h e 2 d fo o h a s s u l t t . li h t
i t up ; a nd H u n e r s a s
y a it
”
i
“
u nd o u b e d t
the e we i n i ts th t t ly j l
”
c a se 1
1 8 Ou r w i l l , e t c
. O u r e n e r a n m e n w as n e ces s a r d ef ecti ve, a n d
. t t i t il y
we o n h ad ly it
i n o u r o we r t o s o w t h e k n g o u r w i l l i ng n ess t o s er ve p h i
him H a d w e r e ce e d s u f c e n n o ce o f h i s co m ng , o ur z e a s o u d
. iv fi i t ti i l h l
h va e be e n m o re c e a r l ly m a n fe s e d by o u r a ct s W/i i c/z re fer s t o w i l l i t .

( M a l one )
fi
.

In o t h e r w o rd s o u r w il l h a d t o s u b m it , to o ur de c en i t m e a ns i ns t e a d
o f b e i ng fr e e t o carr y o u t o u r w i s h es .

0 11 t h e a d v e r b i a l u s e o f f ee s e e G r 1 r , . a nd o n the m e t r i ca l l e ngt h en
i ng w r oug h t , G r 4 84
of O n w ei r d i n t h e n e ne , . . xt l i see G r 485 . .

I/V/z e n , e t c W e n w e ca n a sk yo u t o p u t a n o u r a t o u r se r ce h h vi
"

22 . . .

No w a t h e cr o w n i s w i n h i s g ras h e s e e m s t o a d o t h e r o ya
th t ith p pt l
ti i p ti
we b y a n c a o n ( :P C .

h i
S er d a n K l
n o w es co m m e n s on t thi p h M
s s eec of a cb e th
’
s a n d t h e co n
t xt
e ll
as fo o w s :
“
W a i s t h e m e a n ng o f s ? A s u d d e n o u g o f
h t i t hi th ht
p ti th t h
r e ca u o n a w e n t h e m u r d e r i s d s co e re d — a s o f c o u r se
i v it m us be t
— s m e n o n o f a co n s u a o n w
thi ti l t ti i th
r e fe re n c e t o t h e thi p ph ti
rd ro e c
Al l H a , —th e ro m se o f r o a
il ’
p i y l h v i t hi h i t
a ng— s t p i
n o f so m e e n e r r s e t o
tt pt
be a em e d w i t h Via e w t o t h e fu l fil t th t
m e n o f a pi o m s e ( fo r i it i s 11 0t h
l
i ng e s e b u t a hi t t h t
n to t
a e ffe c ) m a
y e h lpt o k ee p l
h i m c e a r fro m s u s
p t
pi ci o n o n t h e a r o f B an u o q th ta h l tti
h e h as h ad a ny a nd 1 11 e ng o u t t h e
l
b ood th t ti
a i s d es n e d t o fl o w th t i h t
a n
g q ’
B an u o 5 r e pl y(
‘
s o I k ee p My .

bos o m fra nc h i s d , e t c ) c ea r
’ ’
l ly t li h
e s ab s es t h e fa c t It i s a m a e r tt t h t a
q ti
. .

i v lv
m a y n o e t h e u es o n o f o no u r a n d o a h l y l ty
”
.

2 4 Ki n d s t ii i ii
“
(
’
S e e G r 4 73 , a n d c f s t e rn s t
’ ’
. . 2 nea r st ( . 1 . . . . .

a nd
“ ’
s e cre t s t
”
iii
( 4 1 26) be ow l
p ty h v i t
. . .

25 If y o u, e t c
. y h
If o u a d e r e t o m y ar w e ne e r
. t li h
i s es a b s e d .

J h
As o ns o n s a s , “ y M a cb e th xp
e r es s e s h i s t h h t i th
o ug w af t
f e c e d o bs c u
i it
'

y; ” ti
h e d o es n o t m e n o n t h e r o a y l ty t h
, o ug h
he a pp
aren tly h ad iti n h is
m ndi W r e m a rk s
. hi
T s m ay m e an, t o
. th
o se w h o a re e w
g . i th m e, to
m y a rt
p B ut I thi th
nk i p
e re i s n o t m r o b a b ly i p t
a m s r i n o f co n s o r
‘
t ’

y L
.

As i n T c V i v 1 64 : W ilt th
o u b e o f o u r co n s O i t
. . a nd i n
. ea r , .

ii . H e w as o f th t
a co n 5 0 1 t .

v t v i
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If w h th P ph i b g i t l k l i k t th en e ro es e e ns o oo e ru
Y w i ll d h t m t h ll m k h
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28 F a n bi d F r e e u n s t a i ne d i nn o ce n t (Sch m i d t )
”
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. T h i s n i g h t c p o r p o sse t w as a n h a b it u a l i nd u l ge n ce
.
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o f th i ti m e ( E l w i n) Cf ii 2 6 I h a v e d r u gg d t h e i r p o s s e t s “ ’ ”
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1 35

3 2 S b e st r i k e S e e G r 3 1 1 , 3 69
’

. . . .

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. A d el us i on pp ea r i ng a ft e r t h e m anne r of
. a

t h e H i g hl a n d se co n d s i g ht m o r e s u b s t a n ti a l th a n t h e i m age o f m u r d e r ‘

w h i c h s h a k es hi s s o u l i n i 4 b u t no t a c ce p t e d an d b e l i e v e d b y h i m l i k e
t h e a p p ar i ti o n o f B a n q u o a ft e r wa r d s
.
,

( M o b e rl y ) .
5

S h e r i d an K n o wl e s r e m a r k s I h a v e l o ng e n t e r t a i ne d t h e o pi n i o n t h a t
t h i s d agge r i s n o t a s M a cb e th a s s u m e s i t t o b e s i m p l y
, ,

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h t pp d b i
P roce e d i n g fr om t h e ea -
o r e ss e ra n

bu t o n t h e c o n t r ar y a n a pp a r i ti o n c o m i ng a n d v a n i s h i ng as t h e wi t c h e s
th e m s e l v e s d o a nd t h a t c o nse q u e n tly i t o ug h t t o b e a ct ua l l y p re se n t e d
, ,

, ,

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.

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, ,

t i o n w hi c h co i nc i d e s w it h th a t o f M a cb e t h It i s a p h an t o m ra i s e d by .

t h e w it c h e s t o d r a w M a c be t h 011 t o h i s co n c l u s i o n It i s t h e s u pe r n a t
u ra l co a d j u t o r o f L a d y M a c b e th d u m b l y b u t i r re s i s ti b l y p e r s u a d i n
.

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,

to t h e d eed H e fa l t e r s y e t
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.

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, ,

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,

t o d o m a r s h a l s fo r h i m w i t h i t t h e w a y h e w a s t o g o ; n o r w i th d a w s i t
, r

t h e n bu t w hi l e h e i s ye t i n d o u b t w h e th e r i t i s s u bs t a nc e o r s h a d o w t h a t
,

h e l o o k s u p o n e nd s t h e d e b a t e b y e xhi b i ti ng i t t o hi m s t a i ne d w i th g o u t s
,

of b l ood
W hi h w t b f c as n o so e o re .
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’
.

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Th e b l o od y b u si n es s w i c h h i n form s
Th us to h is e y es .
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f’

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q
B a n u o s G h o s t , m a y p o s s i b l y b e a s k e d w h e th e r h e a l so c l a i m s a l i k e
’

r e a l ity fo r t h e a i r d ra w n d a gge r T o thi s h e w o u l d re ply , th a t , t o t h e

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fi
.

b e s t o f hi s be l i e f, a l i k e r e a l i ty Wa s n ot t o b e a f r me d o f t h a t d a gge r ,
w hi c h h e c o n ce iv e s t o h a v e b e e n a r ep r esen ta t i on , i n t h e s pi r i t u a l wo r l d ,

o f a d a gge r , n o t h o we v e r b e i n g 0 11 th a t a c co u n t l e s s r e a l ( i f by u n re a l i ty

w e a re t o u n d e r s t a nd t h a t i t w a s , i n s o m e i n co m p re h e n s i b l e w a y ge n e r ,

a t e d i n t h e m a t e r i a l b r a i n ) , b u t o n l y d i ff e r i ng fr o m w h a t w e s h o u l d t er m

a r e a l bon d e d a gge r, as a p a i n t i n g o f a d agg er d i ffe rs fro m a r e a l

fi d
o ne .

T h a t t h e s pi r i t u a l w o r l d m u s t h a v e i t s r ep r esen ta t i on s as w e l l as i t s
r ea l i t i es , i s a p o i n t w h i c h h a s a l r e a d y b e e n t o u c h e d u p o n , a n d thi s d agge r ,

c a l l ed b y L
a d y M a c b e th
‘
t h e a i r d ra w n d a gg e r , w e s u pp o s e t o b e o n e
’
-

o f th o se r e p r e s e n t a ti o ns Its o bj ec ti v e r e a li ty , h o w e v e r , s til l re m a i ns
fo r , o n c e gra n t t h a t t h e s pi r it u a l w o r l d i s a r e a l w o r l d — n a y,
.

u nt o u c h e d

t h e m o s t r e a l wo r l d —
a n d i t fo l l o w s t h a t w h a t s o e v e r i s r e p r es e n t e d i n i t

A n E s s ay u pOn t he G /z o s t B e l i ef of S ha ke spea r e , b y A . R of
fe ( P r i v at e l y p ri n l u d
Lo n d on , q uo t ed by F urn ess .
1 86 NO TE S .

y
h as i t s b as i s i n r e a l i t , a s m uc h a s a n i m i t a ti v e d agger i n a p a i n ti ng h as
i ts b as i s i n t h e co l o u rs a n d c a n v a s , w hi c h a r e a l so r e a l i ti e s
q
.

M r F l e t c h e r m a i n t a i n s th a t B a n u o s G h o s t s h o u l d b e n o m o r e vi s
’
.

i bl e 011 t h e s t age t h an t h e a i r d r awn d agge r W e fu l ly b e l i e v e t h a t th e re

-
.

i s a m os t p o we r fu l s t ag e re a s o n , n a m él y, i n t el l i gi bi l i ty , fo r m a k i ng t h e
q
-

G h o s t o f B a n u o v i s i b l e t o t h e t h e a t r e ; b u t th a t r e a so n d o e s n ot a ppl y
t o t h e d a gge r—b e ca u s e w h a t i s s p o k e n b y M a cb e th m a k e s i n t e l l i g i b l e a l l
t ha t h e e xp e r i e n ce s w i th re s p e c t t o th a t d a gge r A l s o , w h e n w e go 011 t o .

p e r ce i v e t h a t t h e s pi r i t u al wo rl d h as , a n d m u s t h a v e , n o t o n l y i t s r ea l i t i es ,
b u t i t s r ep r es en ta t i o n s l i k e w i se — o f w hi c h l as t t h e d agge r i s a pp a r e n tly
o n e — we h a v e a n a d d i ti o n a l a rg u m e n t s ti l l t o s h o w th a t t h e r e a so n i n g

w h i c h m ay b e l o ng t o B an q uo s G h os t w o u l d n o t n e ce ssa r il a pp ly , i n a l l
’
y
i t s p o i n t s , t o t h i s a p p e a ra n ce o f t h e d agge r .

3 4 Tow a r d
. S u se d t owa r d a nd t ow a r d s (se e l i ne 5 5 b e l o w ) i n t e r
. .

c h a n ge a b ly , o r a s e i th e r s u it e d h i s e a r ; a t l e as t , b o t h are fo u n d i n t h e

e ar ly e d s . C f i 3 1 5 2 , i 4 2 7, i 6 3 0, v 4 2 1 , e t c
. . . . . . . . . .

3 6 S en s i bl e
. P e r ce pti b l e , t a n g i b l e
.
( S ch m i d t ) See G r 3 C f i ll . . . . .

o
f V . i
. i 9 8
.
9
“
s e n s i bl e r eg r e e t s a nd s e e n o t e i n o u r e d p 1 4 5 . . .

4 1 A bb o tt r e m a r k s ( G r 5 1 1 ) t h a t M a cb e t h m ay b e s u pp os e d t o d r a w
. .

h i s d agg e r a ft e r t hi s s h o r t l i n e .

44, 4 5 E i t h e r m y e y e s a r e d e ce iv e d w h il e t h e o th e r s e ns e s a r e n o t , o r
.

th e y a re m o re t r ust wo r thy th a n t h e l a tt e r .

4 6 D u dg eo n
. T hi s u n d o u b t e d ly m e a n s h e r e t h e h a n d l e o f a d agge r,
.

b u t i t s d e r i v a ti o n i s d i s p u t e d A cco r d i ng t o s e v e r a l e a r l y a u t h o r iti e s
.

a n d W e d g w o o d , i t o r i gi n a l l y m e a n t t h e r o o t o f t h e b o x t re e ,
“ ”
a nd w a s -

t h e n a ppl i e d t o d agge r h a n d l e s m ad e o f t h a t w o od E C o l e s , A b r
-

. . .

F l e m i ng , a n d t h e C a m b r i d ge D i c t o f 1 6 9 3 ( c i t e d b y Na r e s ) a l l e xpl a i n .

d u d ge o n h a ft -
a s m a n u br i u m a i a t u m o r bu x eu m
p B i s h o p W i l k i ns , i n .

t h e A lpk a bet i ca l D i et a pp e n d e d t o h i s E ssay t ow a r d s a R ea l Ck a r a ct er ,

.

1 66 8 , g i v s D u dg eon , r o o t o f b o x D u dg eo n d agg er , a s m a l l s w o rd
“ ” “
e an d ,
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G e rr a r d , i n h i s H er ba l l , u n d e r t h e
y
.

a r ti cl e B ox t r ee, s a s : T h e r o o t i s l i k e w i s e y e l l o w a n d h a r d e r th a n t h e
fi
-

ti m be r, b u t o f g re a t e r b e a u ty , a nd m o re t fo r d agge r h a ft s , b o x e s , a n d -

s u c h l i k e us e s T u r ne rs a n d c u tl e r s , i f I m i s t a k e n o t t h e m a tt e r , d o e
.

ca l l thi s w o o d d u d eon , w h e re w i th th e y m a k e d u d eon l t af ted d agge rs

”
g g
-
.

G i ffo r d ( n o t e s o n B e n J o n s o n ) t hi nk s i t m e a ns s i m pl y w ood en , a n d th a t
a d d ge
u o n h aft e d d agge r was s o ca l l e d t o d i s t i ngu i s h i t fro m th o s e
-
”

t h a t h a d m o r e co s tl y h a nd l e s ; w h e n ce i t b e cam e a t e r m o f co n t e m pt i n
O th e r c o n n e c ti o n s T h u s i n B a n d F ( l e Capt a i n , i i 1 ) w e fi nd
. . I am . .

p l a i n a nd d u d ge o n ; t h a t i s , co a rs e , r ud e R i c h a r d so n (D i et 8 on . . .

t h e o t h e r h a n d , d e n i es th a t i t p r i m ar il y m e a ns e i th e r b o x r o o t o r w o o d e n , -

a n d c i t e s H o l l a n d s P l i n , xvi
y
’
1 6 : “
No w fo r t h e b o x t re e , t h e w o o d
q
-
.

t h e r e of i s i n as g r e a t r e u es t a s t h e v e r y b es t ; s e l d o m h a t h i t a ny
g ra i n e c r i s p e d d a m a s k e w i s e , a n d n e v e r b u t a b o u t t h e r o o t , t h e w hi c h i s
d fu l l o w o r k e H e r e i t s e e m s t o m e a n t o u g h , o r s t r o ng ;
”
d udg n i a n f .

a n d R i c h ar d s o n th i n k s i t m ay b e d e r i v e d fr o m t h e D u t c h d oo /t en , A S
g . .

d ug a n , t o b e s t r o ng F o r a d i ffe r e n t d e r iv a ti o n , s e e W b
q
. .

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. . ood Ly vi ng

a n d Good D ey n , 1 03
g 5 B e fo r t h e j uge m e n t a l l h e rb y s s h a l s we yt r e ad
1 88 NO TE S .

a b ou t
p e r for m ( S t e evens) M a l o ne c i t e s Vi rg il E n 1 1 755
to
“
H or r or
u b i q u e a n i m os s i m u l ip s a s i l en ti o t e r r e n t D e l i u s t hi n k s th a t
.
, ( . .

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, . i t r e fe rs
to m y w h e r e ab o u t .

6 0 Wk i l es
.
-
S ee on i 5 5 . O n t /i r e t s ee P i k II p 1 9 5
. . . a ,
c . . . .

6 1 T h e C P e d it o r s c o n s i d e r t hi s l i ne a
. . . fee b l e t ag w hi c h S . co u ld
n o t h a v e p e nn e d 0 11 g i ves s e e G r 3 33
.
,
. .

62Tl i e bel l i n vi t es m e
. . A “
p r e a r r ange
-
d s u m m o ns . S ee e xt r ac t
fr om W j u s t b e l o w
yt
. .

to the p a ss i ng b e l l w hi c h wa s for m e r l l
ol ed

whe n a p e rson wa s d yi ng ( E l wi n) .

SC E E 1 1 N .
—The
fo l i o h as S ce n a S e c u n d a h e r e, b ut so m e e d i t o r s
“ ”

( a s R o we , T h e o , D , S t , W , a n d J H u n t e r ) m a k e n o c h ange o f sce n e
. . . . .

W re m a r k s
. T h e a pp a r e n t c o n ti n u a n ce o f t h e a c ti o n i s v i t a l l y e ss e n
t i a l t o t h e d ra m a ti c i m p re s s i o n i n t e nd e d t o b e p r o d u ce d T h e r i ngi ng
L
.

of t h e bel l b
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fi
-

m o ns , t h e e n t ra n ce o f t h e l a d y t o l l t h e s t a ge a n d o c c u py t h e m i nd
d u r i ng h e r h us ba nd s b r i e f a b se n ce u p o n h i s fe a r fu l e r r a n d , a n d t o c o n
’

q
fes s i n s o l il o u y h e r a c tiv e acc es s i o n t o t h e m u r d e r , t h e s u d d e n k n o ck i ng
w hi c h i s h e a r d d i r e c tl y a ft e r s h e go e s o u t t o r e p l a c e t h e d agg e r s , a n d
'

w hi c h r e cu r s u n ti l s h e wa r i ly h u rr i e s h e r h u s b a n d a n d h e r se l f a w a y l e s t
t h e y s h o u l d be fo u nd w a t c h e r s, t h e e n t r a n ce o f t h e P or ter , a n d n a l ly o f fi
L
M a cd uf a nd en ox , —a l l th i s a c ti o n i s c o n t r i v e d w it h c o n s u m m a t e d ra
f

m a ti c s k i l l ; a n d i t s u n b r o k e n c o n ti n u i ty i n o n e s p o t , a n d th a t a p a r t o f
t h e ca s tl e co m m o n t o a l l i t s i n h a b it a n t s , i s a b s o l u t e ly n e ce ss a r t o c o m
. y
pl e t e i t s p u r p o s e
”
.

W e a d h e i e t o t h e o l d d ivi s i on o f sce ne s s o l e l y t o a v o i d co n fu s i on i n
r e fe r i i n
g t o thi s p a r t o f t h e pl ay T h e G l o b e e d fo l l o ws t h e fo l i o h e r e
. . .

T/t a t w /i i ck b a t/t m a d e t/z em d r u n k , e t c T h e C P e d sa y s : “ ad y . . . . L

M acb e th h ad h a d i e co u rse t o w i n e i n o rd e r t o s u pp o r t h e i co u r age
y
.

M o b er l e xpl a i ns i t I a m e m b o l d e n e d b y t h e g u a rd s i n t o x i ca t i o n ;
’

no t, s u re l , y
I h a v e g i ve n m y s e l f c o u ra ge w i th w i n e
’
S h e h ad t a un t e d .

M eta c b h w i th a
‘
d i unk e n h o p e a n d s u c h a m o d e o f r a i s i ng h e r o w n
'

s pi r i t s e e m s t 11 01 o u g hl y a l i e n fr o m h e i ch a i a ct e i

M r s G i i ffit h s ( M or a l i t y of S /z a k espea r e s D r a m a s , p 4 1 2 , q u o t e d b y
.
’
.

F u r ne s s ) r e m a i k s O u i s e x i s o b l i cge d t o S h ak e s p e a r e fo r thi s p a s s age

'

y
.
’

H e s e e m s t o t hi n k t h a t a w o m a n co u l d n o t b e r e i i d e i e d c o m l e t e l
p
w i c k e d w i th o u t s o m e d e gi e e o f i n t o xi ca ti o n It r e q u i t e d t w o v i ce s i n .

h e r , o n e t o i n t e n d a n d a n o th e r t o p e r p e t r a t e t h e e i i m e ’ .

M o b e r l y s e xpl a na ti o n s e e m s r a th e r fo r ce d ; a nd t h e o th er , we t hi n k ,
’

g o e s t o o fa r i n a ss u m i nbg th a t t h e l a d y w a s i n t o xi ca t e d In s a yi ng T hat .

w hi c h h a t h m ad e t /z em ch u nk , s h e i m pl i e s t h a t s h e h e i s e l f w as n ot
”

d runk Is a nyt hi ng m 0 1 e m e a n t th a n t h a t s h e h ad t a k e n h e r r eg u l a r
y
.

n i g h t c u p ( s e e o n i i 1 3 1 a b o v e ) , a n d th a t s h e fe l t t h e s l i htl s t i m u l at
g
-
. .

i ng e ffe ct o f t h e p os s e t T h e g r o o m s w o u l d no t h av e b e e n d r u nk ,
”

o r s t u pe fi e d , i f th e i r p o s s e t s h a d n o t b e e n d r u
gge d .

3 T/z e ow l T s c h i s c h w i t z i n h i s Na c/z k /ang e g er m a n i se/z er My t/z e , 1 1

'

t t
. .
, .

30, p o i n t s o u t h a t t h e s u p ers titi o us asso c i a i o ns co nne ct e d wi t h t h e o wl

 A C T I] . S CE NE 11 .
1 89

a r e co m m o n th E ngl a nd a nd G e r m a ny i nd e e d t h a t so m e o f th e m
to b o °

b e l o ng t o t h e w h o l e In d o G e r m a n i c fa m ily T h e y we re r i fe a m o ng t h e .

R o m a ns . S e e O v i d M et v 5 5 0 S ee a l s o H a r ti ng Or n i t/z l ogy of S /z a k e
, . . .
,
o

p ea r e
s p 83 ( F u r n e ss )
,

fi
. .

T/z e f abel l m a n , e t c T h e C P e d r e m a r k s t h a t t h e fu l l s i gn i ca n ce
. al . . . .

o f t hi s p assa ge m a y b e b e s t s h o w n b y c o m p a r i n g t h e fo l l o wm g l i n e s fr o m
W ebs t er s D u c/z ess of M a /j i , i v 2 , w h e r e B o s o l a t e l l s t h e D u c h e ss
’

I the ll
b e m a n,
Th t
The
a u su a
n ig ht
lly is
b e fo re
se n
am
tt
th y e
o
s u ffe r
co m m o n
c ond e m n
”
.
’
d p e rs on s

H e re, D u n ca n i s t h e c o n d e m ne d p e rso n
o f co urse , C f a l so S p e ns e r, . .

”
F Q . .v 6 , 2 7, w h e re t h e c o ck i s c a l l e d
. t h e n a t i v e b e l m a n o f t h e n i g ht .

Th e o wl i s a ga i n m e n ti o n e d , l i n e 1 5 , a n d i n 1 H e n VI i v 2 1 5 . . . .

Th ou o m i n o u s an d fea r fu l ow l of d ea th .
”

We m ay f L
No no i s e b u t o w l s a n d w o l v es d e a t h
a dd
’ ’

P o 1 65 : . .

b od i ng c r i es ; P i c/1 III i v 4 5 09 : O u t o n y o u , o wl s ! n o t hi ng b u t
. . . .

s o ngs o f d e a t h a n d 3 H en VI v 6 44 : “
Th e o wl s h r i e k d a t thy
’ -

—
. . . .

b i r t h a n e v i l s i gn
”
.

5 Gr oom s O i i gi na l l y, s e i va n t s o f a n y k i nd See S ch m i d t o r W b
q
. . . .

6 P ossets
. M a l o ne u o t e s R a nd l e H o l m e s A ca d emy of A r m ou i i e,
. ,

1 6 88 P o sse t i s h o t m i l k p o u i e d 0 11 a l e o r s a c k h a vi ng s u g a 1 , g i a t e d
. ,

bi s k e t , a n d e ggs , w i th o t h e r i ngr e d i e n t s , b o il e d i n i t , w h i c h go e s a l l t o a
T hi s e xpl a i n s 11 b y t h e p o ss e t i s o ft e n s p e at e n
”
c u rd . o k e n o f as
“
Cf . .

M W v 5 1 80 : T h o u s h a l t e a t a p o s se t t o n i g ht a t m y h o u s e
”
“
. . S -
. .

u s es p osset a s a ve r b i n H a m i 5 68 . . .

An d wi th a su d d e n v ig ou r it do th p t os s e
An d C u rd , l ik e e age i d ro pp i n gs i n t m lk o i ,
Th e thi n and w h l o e som e l
b oo d
”
.

See 011 i i ve . 1 .
31 ab o .

7 T/z a t
. S o t h at S e e G r 2 83 a nd c f l i ne 2 3 b e l o w
. . . .
, . .

M acb e th fa n c i e s t h a t h e h e ai s s om e n o i s e (s ee l i n e a nd i n h i s
n e r v o u s e x c i t e m e n t h as no t s u ffi c i e nt co n t i o l o v e r hi m s e l f t o keep
s i l e n ce T h e W O i d w 1 t/z n was a dd e d b y S t e e ve ns T h e fo l i o s m a k e
" '

M acb e t h e n t e r b e f01 e s p e a k i ng b u t i t i s c l e a r t h a t L a d y M a cb e th i s a l o ne
. .

w h i l e s p ea k i ng t h e fo l l o w i n g l i n e s ( C P e d
B u t a s K re m i n d s u s t h e k i ng d o e s n o t s l e e p i n t h e fi rs t b u t i n t h e
. . .

, .
, ,

s e co n d c h a m b e r w h e n ce a ca l l co u l d n o t e as ily b e h e a r d i n t h e co u r ty ar d

M a cb e t h l i nge rs ye t a m o m e n t w i th i n ; h i s u n q u i e t
,

be l ow H e add s :
.

m i n d i m ag i ne s i t h e a r s a n o i s e i n t h e c o u r t b e l o w a n d th o u ghtl e s s l y b e , ,

w i l d e re d a nd c r az e d h e r us h e s b a ck t o t h e ba l ony a nd ca l l s b e n e a th , c , ,

W h o s th e re ? 1 11 h i s ag o n y h owe v e r h e w a i t s fo r n o a ns we r b u t
’ ’
, , ,

r u s h e s b a ck i n t o t h e c h a m b e r s t o e x e c u t e t h e m u rd e r
”
.

1 1 Conf o n d s R u i ns d es t ro y s ; t h e m o s t co m m o n m e a n i ng o f t h e
. u .
,

w o rd i n S C f i v 1 54 an d i v 3 9 9 be l ow
. S e e a l s o Ill of V i i i 2 78 ;
. . . . . . . . . .

[t i c/1 II i i i 4 6 0 e t c
. . . .
, .

S e e M rs J a m e s o n s c o m m e n t 011 thi s p ass age

’
1 2 H d b e n ot e t c a

C f w h a t C a m p b e l l sa y s i n hi s L if e (y M r s S i d d o n s :
.
, . .

(p She is
'

. . .

ai ni abl
y u n a b l e t o m u r d e r t h e s l ee pi ng k i ng b e c a u s e t o u s e M rs J a m e , ,
.
1 90
NO TE S .

w o r d s , h e b r i ngs to h e r t h e d e a i a nd v e n e r ab l e i m age o f h e r fa
’ ‘
s on s
t h e r Y e s ; b u t s h e ca n s e n d i n h e r h u s b a n d t o d o i t fo r h e r D i d
’

y
. .

S h a k e s p e a r e i n t e nd u s t o be l i e v e t hi s m u r d e re s s n a t u r a l l co m p a ss i o n
a te
Fr i e se n (q u o t e d b y F u r n ess ) r e m a rk s T h e c o n fe ss i o n o f ady L
M a cb e t h th a t s h e co u l d n ot m u r d e r t h e k i ng w i th h e r o wn h a nd b e ca u s e .

i n h i s s l e e p h e res e m b l e d h e r fa th e r , i s , a cc o r d i ng t o m y i d e a o f h e r , a
p r o of th a t t h e s t r e ng t h o f w il l 0 11 w hi c h s h e r e l i e d i n h e r rs t co n v e rsa fi ~

ti o n w ith h e r h u s b a n d wa s b y n o m e a ns s o e nt i i e l y a t h e r d i s p os a l a s
s h e i m ag i ne d S h e e n t e rs t r e m b l i ng co n v u l se d w i t h t h e m o s t t e r r i b l e
. .

a ng u i s h ; s h e s t ar t s a t e v e r y n o i s e , a n d e v e n h e r fi i s t w 01 d s , i h a t w hi c h
h a th m a d e th e m d r u nk h a th m a d e m e b o l d : W h a t h a th u e nc h e d th e m q
h a t h g iv e n m e fi r e , a r e n o t j us ti e d b y h e r b e h a v i o ur I a m co n vi n ce d
’
fi .

t h a t t hi s e xp re s s i o n h a s n o o th e r ai m th a n tt o l e t u s k no w t h a t s h e i s n ot
w h a t s h e i m ag i ne s h e r s e l f t o b e W h y, o th e rw i se , i s s h e i m m e d i a t e l . y
aft e r wa r d s s t ar tl e d b y t h e c y o
”
r f t h e o wl ?
_

16 H u n t e r s u gg e s t e d t h e fo l l o w i ng d i s t r i b u ti o n o f s p ee c h e s h e r e
. ,

w h i c h F u r n es s a d o pt s
IV
Ia c bet /i D i d n o t yo u s e ak ? p
L a dy l ll a e be t /z
M a c be t /z A s
.

d esce n d e d ”
. I
.

.
Wh en ? No w ?

A s H u n t e r re m ar k s , t h e A y o f th e l a d y th e n p o sse sse s a n e ffe c t , w h i c h

“ ’

a s t h e s ce n e s t a n d s a t p r e s e n t i t w a n t s
”
W e d o n o t , h o we v er , fee l q u it e
fi
.

j u s ti e d 1 11 m ak i ng t h e c h ange
m
.

2 0 S or r
y . Sad O ft e n a ppl i e d , a s h e re t o i na n i a t e th i n gs
. . Th e .

C P e d c i t es 2 H en VI i 4 79 : a s o r i y b re ak fas t
. . .
“
.
”
C f a l s o S pe nse r ,
. . . . .

P Q v 1, 14
. . .

T o w o m as e h appi oc h e d , th y
e y e s pi d e th
A s o ri e si g a s e e r s ce n e w i eye, ht v th
A n h e a dl e ss e ad i e y i n g h i m b es i d e L ly
’
In h e r o n b o o d l l w al l o w d w o e fu
w a l lly .

T he t
d i re c ti o n h e re w a s a d d e d b y P o p e
s age .

2 3 T/i a t S e e 011 l i n e 7 a b o v e
y
. . .

2 4 A d d 7 ess d t /
. z em M ad e th e m se l v e s l e ad ( Sc h m i d t ) C f Ill W
’
.
”
. . .

i i i 5 1 3 5 ; fil o/ V i i 9 1 9 e t c G 1 2 2 3
. . . .
, . .

2 7 As . T h e if i s i m pl i e d 1 11 t h e s u bj u n c ti v e
.
( Gr .

E x e c u ti o ne r C f Ill of V i v 1 1 2 : “
t h e h a ng m a n s
’
H a ng man
5 <
.

5 . . . . . .

l t i s a ppl i e d j o co s e l y t o C u pi d i i i Ill u c/t A d o, i i i 2 1 1 t h e l i ttl e

” °
“
axe . . .

h a ngm a n d a r e n o t s h o o t a t h i m
L
.

28 i st e n i ng
. U se d t r a n s i ti v e l y as i n M u ck Ad o, i i i 1 1 2 ; 7 C i v
.
, . . . . .

1 41 and i i 1 9 See G r 1 99
q
. . . . . .

3 1 B u t w l z er ef or e, e t c
. B o d e ns t e d t ( uo t ed by F u r n e s s ) re m ar k s
.

T hi s i s o ne o f th o se t ra i t s i n w hi c h M a cb e t h s e go ti s ti c hyp o cr i s y i s
’

m o s t c l e a rl y d i s pl a y e d H e s p e a k s a s i f m u rd e r a n d p r a yi ng c o u l d j o i n
.

h a nd i n h an d i n fr i e nd ly c o m p a n i o ns hi p , a nd i s as t o n i s h e d th a t h e co u l d
no t say A m e n
‘
w h e n t h e gr o o m s b e t r a y e d a nd m e n a ce d b y h i m s e l f, a p ,

p e a l e d t o h ea v e n fo r p ro t e c ti o n ”

y L y
.

W a s thi s t h e k i nd o f pi e t t h a t a d M a cb e th h ad i n m i n d w h e n s h e
sai d ,
1 92
NO TE S .

46 . B r a i n sz cl el
'

y . M adly ( S ch m i d t) . T h e o nl yi t
ns a n ce o f t h e a d

a dj e c ti v e br l si x t i m e s ( i n cl u d i ng R ef L
'

ve rb in S T he
'

. a z n s z e e o cc u r s . .

1 75
6 g et som e w a t er , e t c
0 C f v I 58
y
. . . . .

/V b e ar s t es ti m o n ( S c h“m i d t )
’

O ne w h o , o r a t l z z ng
'

47 I z t n ess

q
. . .

S t e e ve ns u o t e s W e bs t e r , W/z z te D evi l : Te r
'

5 5 A pa i n t ed devi l
. .

r i fy ba b e s , m y l o r d , w i th p a i n t e d d e v i l s
”
.

5 6 I l l g i l d , e tc
. Na re s re m ar k s t h a t , t h o ugh th e r e i s n o r e a l r e s e m
.

b l a nce b e t w e e n t h e co l o u r o f b l o o d a n d th a t o f go l d , t o gi l d w i t /z bl o od
w a s a n e x p r e s s i o n n o t u nco m m o n i n t h e 1 6 th ce n t u r y G o l d wa s po pu .

l a r l y a n d v e r y ge n e r a ll y s tyl e d r ed [as i t s ti l l i s i n p o e t ry s o m e ti m e s] So .

we h a v e l l i i l i i
“
g o d e n b o o d , 3 9 4 be o w C f If 7 o / m ,
1 3 1 6: “
al l . . . . . . .

g il t w it h F r e nc h m e n s b l o o d
’

q V
.

F o r t h e u i b b l e o n g i l l a n d g u i l t , c f 2 H e n I V i v 5 1 2 9 a n d H en . . . . . . . .

1 1 c h or u s , 2 6 S e e a l s o M i dd l e t o n , A M a d Wor l d : T h o u g h gu il t con
“

L
. .

d e m u s, t i s g i l t m us t m a k e u s gl a d ; M a r l o we , H er o a n d ea n der :
’

h t h w d g t i l d i g d bl T a , t is or ri nc u n ou e se n se ,
l g i lt f h i i ti Th e d o ub e u o s n c on n e nce
ht p d t M ig be ex r e ss
’
,
”
e c .

M a ny o th e r i ns t a n ce s o f i t m i g ht b e c it e d fro m t h e o l d pl a y s E l w i n .

r e m a r k s th a t h e re i t s e v e s t o e xhi b i t m o s t fo r c i b ly i n t h e fe r o c i o s
“
r u

l e v ity o f t h e e xp re ss i o n t h e s t r a i ne d a nd sa ng u i na ry e x ci t e m e n t o f La d y
,

M a cb e t h s m i nd T h e C P e d s ays
’
A pl a y o f fa n cy h e r e i s l i k e a
.
”
. . . :
“

g l e a m o f g h as t l y s u ns hi ne s t r i k i ng a cr o ss a s t o r m y l a n d sc a p e as i n s o m e ,

p i c t u re s o f R u y s d ae l .
”

C o l e r i d ge h a s s a i d th a t e x ce pt i n t h e so l il o q u y o f th e P o r t e r (wh i c h h e
b e l i e v e d t o b e a n i n t e r p o l a ti o n ) th e r e i s n o t a p u n o r pl a y u p o n w o r d s
-

i n t h e w h o l e d ra m a ; a n d S c hl e ge l h as m a d e a s i m il ar s t a t e m e n t B ot h .

s e e m t o h a v e o v e r l o o k e d t h e p r e se n t p a s s ag e a n d a n o th e r ( wh i c h A b b o tt ,

p o i nt s o u t ) i n v 8 48
M a cd uff and Le n o x are k n ock i ng a t t h e s o u t h
. . .

5 7 Tl l nl k n ock i ng
. .

a t e a s t h e n e xt s ce n e s h o ws l
ae
g , .

Cf w . h tD
y ya t hi k eki g QA ft m k i g th t i t
u i n ce ff t sa hi s on s n oc n . er re ar n a s e ec on s
f li g w fl t b k p th m d p l i wf l d p th f
l g p pl x d t
ee n t s as o re ec d ac u on e ur er a ecu ar a u n e ss an a e o so
f wh i h h w t h gi v th i l t i f t h p b
{m
m i ty
e n or c e as on er e e o acco u n , e es s so u on o e ro
e :

M d i di ur y e r, wh th
n orymp t hy i w h lly d i t d t t h
nar ca s e s, f th er e e s a s o re c e o e ca s e o e
m d d p i t f d v lg h th i th t i t
t x l i v ly p t h t l b i g b l i t i t b y w hi h w l v t
ur e re i id e rso n , s an ; d f nc en o c o ars e a n u ar o rro r an or s r ea son , a
fl i g th i t
n s e n e res e c us e u on e n a u ra ut no e ns nc c e c ea e o
l i f ; i t i t wh i h b i g i d i p bl t t h p im l l w f l f p
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n s e nsa e o e r a a o se -
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sa m i k i d ( th
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gh d i ff n t i d g ) m g l l l i vi g
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f b it hi l t l l d i ti ti t t f m t th l v l f
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on e o er e n an c : e e ar o ns a n ea s es
w i th i t p t i fi m B t i th m d h m d p t w i ll d
’
s e r c ac e u d n e ur e r e r, s u c a ur e re r a s a oe co n e sc e n
h m t b g i g m g t t m f p i —j l y m b i t i v g
.

t o, t ere us e ra n so h e re a s or o ass o n ea o us a on , en e an ce , a
d —wh i h w i ll
,

t re t h ll w i thi h i m d i t t h i h ll w
c cre a e a t l k e n an n o s e e are o oo .
 60 . M l! al l
gr eat Nepl u n e s ’
ocea n , e t c . S te e ve ns q u ot e s C at u l l us , In

S u sc i p i t , 0 ll
G e i , q ua n t u m no n u lt i m a Te thy s,
Non geni
.

t or Nym p h aru m a bl u a t O c ea n u s ;

a nd S e ne ca , H ipp o] . ii .
71 5
Q u s i m el u e t
e T a n a i s ? aut
q u a e b a rb a r i s
M a e o t i s u n d i s P o n i c o i nc u m b e n s m a r i ? t
No n i s e t o t o m agn u s O c e ano a e r
p p t
T t
a n u m e x p i a r i t sce l e r i s !
”

H ol t W hi t e co m p ar e s L u c re ti us , vi . 1 076

No n , si Ne pt u n i fl u c t u re n o a r e v o p e ra m d es ;
No n, m are 51 t to u m ve h t e l u e re om n i b u s u nd i s .

Tne m u l t i t u d i n ou s sea s
62 . A s ad m r a b d e sc r . i ly ipti v e as H om e r
'

s
wo h vbgxo rofio w S a h d o o ng
'

O ne ca n a m o s
'
ear i n t he . l th it s o u nd o f t h e se a
w ith
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yi
.

t h e s e as w c hi h
s w ar m w h m r a d n a b a n s
”
it i h it t .

t y
In M a coe t /z fo r t h e s ak e o f gra i f i ng h i s o wn e n o r m o u s a n d ee m i n g fac u y o f c r e
, t lt
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l
r e m a r k a b y d i sc r i m i n a e d ; b u t , h o u g t t hi n M a cb e h t h e s r i fe o f m i nd i s g r e a t e r t a n i n t t h
p t
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h e r— y e t , a s b o h w e r e n at fi lly v lv lt
i n o e d i n t h e g u i o f m u rd e r, t h e m u rd e ro us m i n d o f
n e ce s s i y i s t fi lly
na to b e presum ed i n bo th T h i s wa s t o b e e r e s se d : a n d o n i t s o wn
. xt p
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r o o r i o na b e a n ag o n i s t o t h e u no ffe n d i n
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t t t v p t l v
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fe e l h a t h e h u m a n n a u r e , i e , t h e d i i ne n a u r e o f o e a n d m e rc y, s re a d t ro u g t h e
. .

h t t l
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e xt t t t fi t
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l o u s l y acc o m i sh e d i n t h e d i a l og u es a n d s ol z l og n z e s fi lly
pl
d ra w n fro m m a n, w a s g o n e , a n i s e d ,
t
th
ac e vl
A n d , a s h i s e ffe c i s m ar e
e s , so i t i s
.

x
’ '

e m se na co n s u m
t p t th t I
m a e d b y t h e e e d i e n u n d e r con s i d er a t i o n ; a n d i t i s t o t h i s l t a n o w so i c i t he
’
r ea d e r s a tt t
en io n ht
If t h e r e a d e r h as e e r
. v Wt t t
i n e s se d a w i fe , d a u g
s

e r , o r s i s e r i n a fa i n
h v t v t t t t h p
i n g fi t h e m a y c a n c e t o h a e o b se r e d h a t h e m o s a ffe c i n g m o m e n i n s u c a S e c
-

t l h
z a t i n w i ch a s i g h t t p
o r a s i r r i n g a nn o u nc e s t h e r ec o m m e nc e m e n o f s u s e n d e d
t xp
ac e i s t/

l i fe . t pp h l
A l l ac t i o n i n a n y d i re c i o n i s b es e o u n d e d , m e a s u re d , a n d m a d e a re e ns i b e
b y r e ac i o n t No w a p p ly t I v th
h i s t o t h e c ase o f M ac b e t
x H er e , a s h a e s a i d , t h e re i r i n g
’

. .

t
o f t h e h u m a n h e a r t , an d t h e e n r a nc e o f t e h fip hh t
end is ea r , w a s t o b e e re s s e d a n d m a d e

s en sib e l t t l l t tp t pp
In o r d e r h a a n e w w o r d m a y s t e i n, h i s wo r d m u s fo r a i m e d i s a e ar
T h e m u r d e re rs , a n d t h e m u rd e r, m u s b e i n s u a e d —c u t off b y a n i m m e a s u r a b e gu f fro m
. .

t l t l l
t h e o r d i na r i d e a n d s u cce ss i o n o f u m a n a ffa i r s— o c k e d u p a n d se q ue s e r e d i n s o m e
yt h t l
p t ll t l l t
d e e r ece s s ; w e m u s b e m a d e se n s i b e t h a t h e wo r d o f o rd i n a ry i fe i s s u dd e n y a rr e s ed
— l a i d a s ee l p—t
ra nce d — t t l t
r ac k e d i n o a d r e a d a r m i s t i c e l t
t i m e m u s b e a n n i h i a e d ; re a i o n
to th th t l
i ngs w i o u a b o i s h e d ; a nd a l l m u s t tp l t
p y p
ass s e f w i h d ra wn i n o a d e e s nc o e a nd -

p
S u s e ns ion o f e ar thl p
y as s i o n H e nc e i t i sth t h
a w h e n t h e d e e d i s d o n e, w e n t h e w o r k
.

o f d ar k n e s s i s p
e r fec , t th l
yl p
e n t h e w o r d o f d a r k n es s p ty
a ss e s a w a i k e a a gea n r i n t h e
l ly th t
c o u d s : t h e k n o c k i n g a t t h e ga t e i s h e a rd ; an d i t m a k e s k no w n a u d i b t
fl x p
a t h e r e a c i on

we i e rs p ly
m a k e s us l lp t
fi
r o fo u nd
— h
t t
h
p l
h as co m m e nc e d ; t h e h u m a n ha s m ad e i t s r e u u o n t h e e nd i s ; t h e u s e s o f l i fe are
l h t t l
s e ns i b e o f t h e a w fu p
h
b e g i n n i n g t o b e a t a g a i n ; a n d t h e r e e s t ab i s m e n o f h e go i n g s o u o f t e w o r d i n w i c h
lv fi t
r -

ar e n h e s i s h a h ad s us e nd e d
h
t em .

hty p t
O mig oe ! t ply l
Th y w o r k s ar e n o t as h o se o f o t h e r m e n , s i m t an d m e r e y g r e a
l l p l
wo rk s o f ar t ; b u t ar e a so i k e t h e h e no m e n a o f n a t u r e i k e t h e s u n a n d t h e se a t h e
—
. ,

s t a r s a n dl t h le f t
o w e r s l t t h
i k e fr o s a n d s n o w , ra i n and d e w h ai s o r m a n d h u n d e r w i c h -

t th t
a re t o b e s u d i e d w i lt p t th h t
e n i re s u b m i ss i o n o f o u r o w n fac u i e s, a nd i n t h e e r fe c fa i t a
i n t h e m h e r e c an b e n o t o o m uc h o r t o o i t e , n o i n g u s e e ss o r i n e r —b u t
t ltl th l t th t t he
'
- -
a
t p v h ll p
fu r h e r w e r ess i n o u r d i sc o e r i e s , t h e m o re w e s a se e ro o fs o f d e si g n a nd s el f v

t h l th
eu p 1 01 t i ng a rra n g e m e n w e r e t h e ca r e e ss
‘
e e t
y h ad s e e n no i ng b u a cci d e t n !
”
 NO TE S
1 94
.

Na r es gi v es ca r n a d i n e i c ar n a t i o n re d , a nd c it e s A ny
’

In ca r n a d i n e
L
.

l /z i ng f or a Q u i et ife
G r ogr a m s , s at t i n s , v lv t e fin e e ,

y l
T h e ro s c o o u d r
’
-
ca r n a d i n e
”
.

In ca r n a d i n e i s fo u n d in S yl v e s t e r . H un er t c i t es h i s d es cr ip ti o n of t he
P h oen i x
H e r w i ngs a n d
O f o ri e n a z u r e t
t
a d
n
ra i n
i n c a
fe a t h e rs m i
rn a d i
of
n e
”
.
x ed fi ne

F ur nes s u o t es C o l l i e r s q "
re pri nt of A n A n t z a ot e
’
a
g a i n st M el a n cl z oly ,
1 6 6 1 , w h e re i t i s t h e n a m e o f a re d w i ne
In l v o e ?
’
t is t ru e w i t h S an i s w i n e , p h
Or the F r e nc hj u i c e , In c a r n a d m e
”
.

C a r e w u se s i t a s v e rb
i n h i s Obsequ i es t o M e a dy A n n e H ay
a In ca r L
n a d i ne T h y r os y b u t h e p ro b ab l y b o rr o we d i t fro m S .
.

6 3 M a k i ng , e t c. T h e fo l i o h as M ak i ng t h e G r e e n e o n e , Re d , an d
.

s o m e o f t h e e ar l i e r e d i t o r s fo l l o w t h a t p o i n ti n g M a l o ne s a y s On e .

r ed d o e s n o t s o u n d t o m
y e a r a s t h e p h r a s e o l ogy o f th e ag e o f E l i z ab e th
a n d M e g r ee n , fo r t h e g r e e n on e, o r fo r t h e gi e e n s ea , i s , I a m p e rs u a d e d ,

u n e x a m pl e d N e ,t ,
a r s o o t hi n.k s t h e i 11 t e r
p 1 e t a t i o n
“
i n ak i ng t h e
g re e n

[s e a ] o n e e n ti re r e d i s r i d i c u l o u s l y h a r s h a n d fo rc“e d
” ”
O f co u r s e an y .

o th e r i n t e r p r e t a ti o n i s a b s u r d A s E l w i n r e m a r k s, t h e i m ag i n a ti o n o f .

M acb e t h d we l l s u p o n t h e co n v e r s i o n o f t h e u n i ver sa l g r een i n t o on e p er

wa d ng r ed
i
”
S t e e ve n s c o m p a r e s H a m i i
. 2 4 79 :
“
No w i s h e t o t a l . . .

gu l e s ; a n d M i l t o n , C onz u s , 1 33 : A n d m ak e s o n e b l o t o f a l l t h e a i r
“ ”
.

S t s u gge s t s g re e n z o n e , r e fe r r i n g t o Cy m o i i i 1 1 9 , 2 0 ; Id i ii 1 8 1
“ ”
. . . . . . .

A a n d C i i 7 74 ; T A i i i 1 9 4 ; 7 onn , v 2 3 4 , e t c K
q
. . . . . . . . . . .

6 5 A l z ea r t s o i ti /l i te T he C P ed u o t es i v 1 85 : p al e h e a r t e d
L
-

. . . . . . .

a n d M a l o ne co m p a r e s M ar l o w e , u s t s D om i n i on ( w r i tt e n b e fo r e
’
fe ar ;
Y o u r c h e e k s a r e b l a c k , l e t n o t y o u r s o u l l o o k w h it e
”
1 59 3 )
fi
.

6 8 You r con sta n cy , e t c

. Y o u r r m n e s s h as fo r s a k e n y o u Cf A W
. . . .

11 . 1 . 87 7 C ii 1. . . . 2 99 , et c .

70 . Ni g/z tg ow n go w n u se d fo r u n d res s
.
“
A l o o se
( S ch m i d t ) , o r , a s
w e s h o u l d s a y, a d r e s s i n g g o wn C f V 1 4 b el ow S e e a l s o M u cl i A d o, -
. . . . .

i i i 4 1 8 ; Ol d i v 3 3 4 ; a n d s t age d i r e cti o n i n 7 C i i 2 W r em a r k s
. . . . .
-
. . . . .

“
In M a c b e th s ti m e , a n d fo r ce n t u r i e s l a t e r , i t w a s c u s t o m ar y fo r b o t h
’

s e x e s t o s l e e p w i th o u t a n y o th e r co v e r i ng th a n th a t b e l o ng i n g t o t h e b e d
w h e n a b e d wa s o cc u p i e d B u t o f t hi s S k ne w n o th i ng, a n d i f h e h a d . .

k n o w n , h e w o u l d o f c o u r s e h a v e d i s r e ga r d e d i t M acb e th s n i ght go wn
’
.

”
a n s we e d t
r o o u r r obe d e c l z a b
m e r .

\Vi t h o u t s pi r i t , d ej e c t e d l y S ch m i d t )
”
72 P oor ly . .
( C f R i c/z . . .

i i i 3 1 28 :.
“
T o. l k s o p o or l y a nd t o s p e a k
o o s o fa i r
”
C f p oor i n If . . .

f
v L 71 0
y
. .

73 To l en ow , e t c . If I m us t fo r e v e r k n ow m y o w n d e e d.
( M ob erl ) .

C f W T i 2 3 56 . . . . .

T o d o t h i s deed,
P r o m o i on fo t ll ow s

Se e G r 3 5 7 . . T he C . P . ed . sa y s .
“
A n e a s i e r s e n s e m i gh t h e a r r i v e d a t
b y a s l i g ht c h a nge p u n ct u a ti o n : T o k no w m y d ee d T wer e b es t n ot
’
l n ?
1 96
NO TE S .

O n t h e o th e r h a nd , W o r d s w o r th (S h a k espea r e s Kn ow l edge a n d U se of
’

( ti e B i bl e, p 2 9 8 ) s a y s : A s I d o n o t d o u b t t h e p assage w a s w r i tt e n w i t h
.

e a r n e s t n e ss , a n d w i t h a w o nd e r fu l k n o wl e d g e o f h u m a n n a t u r e , e s p e c i a l ly
a s p u t i n t o t h e m o u t h o f a d r u n k e n m a n , s o I b e l i e ve i t m ay b e re a d w i t h
”
e d i fi ca t i o n .

M r J W H a l e s , i n a p a p e r r e a d b e fo r e t h e Ne w S h ak s p e r e S o c i e ty,
. . .

M ay 2 2 , 1 8 74 (s ee t h e Tr a n sa ct i on s , 1 8 74 , p 2 55 t ak e s t h e gro u nd
T hh tt
.

(i ). a a t
P o r e r s s e e c i s a n i n t e gr a
’
p ar of t h eh a lp t pl y .

T a y l h
i t i s n e ce s sa r as a r e i e f t o t h e su r ro u n d i n g o rr o r .

t
( i ii ) T h a
. y t l h b y d
i t i s n e ce ssa r a ccor d i n g t o t h e l aw o f co n t r as e se w e re o e e .

ht p h hv lly l v t
w e a e i s d r a m a t i ca
( v ) Th t
(iv ) T a . t h e S ee c r e e an .

. tyl l a i ts s h p e a n d a ng u ag e a r e S ak e s e a r i a n
”
.

A ft e r t h e r e a d i ng o f t h i s p a p e r M r T o m T a yl o r r e m a r k e d
“
The . :

r e a s o n s s e t fo r t h b
y M r H a l es a pp e a r t o m e s o co nso n a n t w i t h w h a t w e
k n o w o f S h a k e s p e are t h e ge n e ra l c h a r a c t e r o f h i s pl ays h i s l a ngu a ge
.

, , ,

a n d t h e r e l a ti o n o f s e r i o u s a n d co m i c i n h i s t r e a t m e n t o f d r a m a ti c s u b

j e ct s t h a t t o m e th e y c a r r y a b s o l u t e co n vi cti o n th a t t h e P o r t e r s s p ee ch
’
,

i s a n i nt e gr a l p ar t o f t h e pl a y
”
.

(S i g i g ) L t g f p i n d th k b
n w ll i g e so n s o r a se an an s e s e n

G d wh w t h t hi d w ll i g
’
T o o o a c es o e r s e n ,

A d w i th h i h t f h v ly p w
n s os s o ea en o e rs
P t t i l hr o ec s us n o u r c a r e e ss o u rs .

F ll m y y h l d t h i i gh t
u an an e e as c ose s n
N v gi t th l i g ht
e er a a n o s ee e .

L t ll i
W i th t gth H w dli t ht / v t t h iE gt M
j wh w e a r e o rc e

s re n
d R
re ne
o no
/e
,
c a n r a se ,
o ea en e r az e .

’ ’
[ g fi e un a rs ze a e n er a ea u an oss.

R Vl ll f i d f
o ss . th i t d m
e ,tb y k p
r en , o rso o , ne e s us e ou ee
A m i ghty g i y b m th or an n our oso e re
T w k o ll S tl d w i th h t m p t i g
a e a co an su c ru e n s .

1 f i th t i t my l d f I m th m
’ ’

ThR t l tH iwght mf i td dpg t d d l l S tl d

’
P t or er . a , s ru e, or , or e an
a as n oun e u ar aro u n a co an .

oss . o so , r en or er ?
P t or er . Why y d t , ou s ee , oes no
p w t h
’ ’
Th k i g y k
e n ll m s e d w d
e ee o er a en a c an ar ,

A d ll ni g ht l g t h p t
a n
g d th ki g on e or er u ar e n ?

A d th n f I m h th t w t h d l t i g ht
e re or e a e a a c e as n
Ov l l S tl d f
er a y co an or ou .

R os s . Y i ght ou a re r .

M d uff H i g aci d m ild g d th ki g ;

s r ac o u s n e s s a n ne ss u ar e n

T i h p t t th h h
’
s e t th ro ec s him ; e o u se, n o e ou se

G d h ly h t
o
’
s mp d wh
o h l p
os s e n ca ro u n e re e s ee s .

R S y p t os s i t hy m t
. a ti i g y t
, or e r, s as e r s rr n e ?
O u r k n oc k i n g h a s a w ak e d h im Lo ! he c o m e s, e tc .

ly th i
Ve r i dm i bl f l i g
s rs d th a G m h ra th b d i ty f i t
e oo n ,
”
an a no er er an as se en e a su r o .

( l t d by F t it th S h i ll ihil t d h “
H orn q a so ) mm
uo e O h
u r n e ss co e n s on us : ur c er a s an n a e t e
wh l Sh k
o e p i P t f mt pt t
a es e a r an d t di t d t i ly w T h i
o r e r, ro o o oe, an c re a e n s ea o ne en re ne . s
ne w t q it
cre a i o n rs g d f ll w d pi ; h
u i g m
e a g g wh
oo bl e o an ou s e s n s a orn i n so n o se n o e se
i
r o u s n e ssm k i t w thy f d m i i
a es t t h b t hym b k T h j t l w h i h
or o a ss o n i n o e es n oo s . e es a so , c
h b q
e su tl y th w t t t h l d
se ue n th y t t h t h h d k p t w t h v l l
ro s ou o e or s as e e n e r, a e a e a c o er a
S tl d h
co an gh th t i ght i
ro u p t bl d l y l l i k t h w h l m
e n B th w, m s res ec a e an o a . e e o e an . u o co es
th i p h i t h w il d
s re ac er h n D h fi t th wh l g i m f th pi
e e r ne ss ere ? oes e e o e or an s o e e ce ?
D i t t pp
o es no if h w a ll dy t
e a r as f d th p w hi h t h w h l i d f t h
e e re a rea o a or e re o se c e o e ea o e
i t gi v A d m i ght lm t y th t it w l i ttl ffi i h im th t
I t p i bl th t t hi P t m y b th gh t x ll t p vi d d
s ce n e s o t e ? n no on e a os sa a as a e o c o us i n a
h w t t d it
e an s o o ? rs o ss e a s or e r a e ou e ce en , ro e
Sh k p a es t k w
e a re i s n o b t him w k w d h w h k no w h w t m k th C
n , u e no ,
an o e ne o o a e e 0

gg t I i m g t h h i wi ll n t b f d d i ffi lt ”
l mb
u us e d p s an u , so a i ne e c o ce o e ou n cu .
 ACT 1 1 . S CE NE 111 .
1 97
M r F u r n i val l y
th a t h e a sk e d D r G e o rge M a cd o n a l d wh a t h e
sa s
th o u gh t o f t h e P o r t e r s s p e e c h a n d t h e re pl y wa s : Lo o k a t t h e g r i m
. .

H e p u t t h e s am e q u es ti o n t o t h e
,

h u m o u r o f i t I b el i e ve i t s ge n u i n e .
’
.

p oe t B ro wn i ng w h o a n s we re d C e r t a i n l y t h e s p e e c h i s fu l l o f h u m o u r “

a n d as ce r t a i n l y t h e h u m o u r a n d t h e w o rd s a r e S h a k e s p e a re s
,

I ca nn o t
‘
’
.

u n d e rs t a n d C o l e r i d e s o bj e c ti o n t o i t It s a s b a d as h i s w an ti ng t o
’ ’

g
A s t o L a m b I ve n o
.

e m e nd N n / rel b
y bl a n /e l z e g/z t [se e 011 i 5
’
a z . .
,

d o u b t th a t h e h e l d t h e s p ee c h ge n u i n e fo r h e s a i d th a t 011 h i s p o i n ti ng
o u t t o h i s fr i e n d M u n d e n t h e q u a l ity o f t h e P o r t e r s s p e e ch
,

M un de n ’

w a s d u l y s t ruc k by i t a nd e xp r e ss e d h i s r e gre t a t n e v e r h a vi ng pl ay e d
_ ,

t he
B o d e ns t e d t ( u o t e d by F u r ne ss ) r e m a r k s q A ft e r a l l , h i s u n co u t h ,

c o m i ca l i ty h a s a t r a g i c b ac k g r o u n d ; h e n e v e r d re a m s , w hi l e i m ag i n i n g
h i m s e l f a p o r t er o f h e l l ga t e , h o w n e a r h e co m e s t o t h e t r u th W h a t a r e -
.

a l l th e s e p e tty s i n n e r s w h o
go t h e p r i m r o s e w ay t o t h e e v er l a s ti ng b o n
fi r e co m p a r e d wi t h th o se gre a t c r i m i n a l s w h o s e ga t e s h e gu a r d s
M r a n d M rs C o wd e rr C l a r k e , i n th e i r A n n o t a t e d E d i ti o n o f S h a
. .

s p e a re , s a It s r e p u l s i v e l y co a rs e h u m o u r s e r v e s p o w e r
y o f t h e s ce n e
ful ly t o co n t ra s t , ye t h ar m o n i z e , w i th t h e b ase a n d g o r c r i m e th a t h as y
b ee n p e r p e t ra t e d S h a k e s p e a r e s s u b til ti e s o f h ar m o n y i n co n t r as t ar e
’
.

a m o ng h i s m os t m a r v e l l o us p o w e r s ; a nd w e v e n t u r e t o thi n k t h a t th i s

P o r t e r sc e n e i s o n e o f th ese s ub til ti e s C f W e i ss , pp 1 8 7—1 9 5

”
. . . .

1 . P or ter o
f l zel l g a te -

. M r H al es . co m pare s Ot l z . iv . 2 .
90
“
Y o u , m i s r e ss , t
Th t h vp
A n d k ee t
a a e th e fi
o f ce O
”
pp t
o s i e t o St P e
h ll
. t e r,
the ga e o f e .

2 . Ol d . A “
co o u all q i l i
n t e n s iv e
by S as i n 41 use d se v e r al t rm e s 1 .

of V iv 2 . . . 1 6; M M i 4 5 ; M i t e /z A d o, v 2 9 8
2 H en I V i i 4 2 1 ; . . . . . . . .

M r J R W i s e (S na k espea r e : H i s B i r tnp l a ce, e t c p 1 06 ) s a y s :

. . .
“
W h en . .

e ve r th e r e h a s b e e n a n u n us u a l d i s t u r b a n ce o r a d o t h e l o w e r o r d e rs
y
. .

r o u nd S t r a t fo r d 0 n A v o n i n v a r i a b l c h a r a c t e r i z e i t by t h e ph r a se , T h e re
- -

h as be e n ol d wo rk t o d a y D r e m a r k s t h a t t h e It a l i a ns u se ( o r for
-
. .

m e r ly u s e d ) o ecc/z zo i n t h e s am e s e n s e
q
.

4 A f a r nz er , e t c
. M a l o n e u o t es H a ll S a t i r es, 1 v 6 . , .

“
E ch M u ck w or m e w i b e ri ch w i -
l aw l e ss e g a i n e , ll th
th A lth
o h e smo e r vp m o we s o f s e n e n y e a r e s g ra i n e ,

h h l h ’
A n d a ng d h p
i m se f w e n co m e gr o w s c e a a g a m
”
.

M a l o ne a l s o co ns i d e r s t hi s (as we l l as t h e re fe r e n ce s t o t h e e q u i vo “

ca t o r F r e nc h h os e b e l o w) as h e l pi n g t o fi x t h e d a t e o f t h e
” ”
a nd t h e
pl ay 1 11 1 606 H e s ay s T h a t 1 11 t h e s u m m e r a n d a u t u m n o f 1 6 06 t h e re
. .

w as a p r o s p e c t o f pl e n ty of co r n a pp e a r s fr o m t h e a u d i t b o o k o f t h e C o l
l e ge o f E t o n ; fo r t h e p r i c e o f w h e a t i n th a t y e ar w as l o we 1 th a n i t wa s
fo r th i r t e e n y e a r s a ft e r wa r d s b e i ng th i r ty th r e e s h i l l i ngs t h e q u a r t e r
,

In
t h e p re c e d i ng y e a r ( 1 6 05 ) i t was t w o s hi l l i n gs a q u a r t e r d e a r e r a n d i n
- ,
.
,

At the m e e i ng t of th e New S h a k spe r e S oc i e ty , J u ne Mr . F u rn i v lla sta t e d

th t M H a e s s co n c u s i o n s l ’
l h a d b e e n acce e d b y e pt v y cri t i c i n Eng l an d w h o se pi nion
a r
h e h a d as k e d : a m o n g t e m M r
1 o wd a n a n d P ro fe sso r H M o r e y
h
l
. T
.
e nn y so n, Mr J .
er
S pe d d i ng , M r A J E i s , P ro fe s so r . . . ll
o

, .
[98 IVO TE S .

th e s u b se q th r e e s h il l i ngs a q u a r t e r d e a re r In 1 608
uen t y e ar ( 1 6 07) .

w h e a t w as s o l d a t W i nd so r m a r k e t fo r fi ft y s i x s h il l i ngs an d e i g ht p e n ce
a q u a r t e r ; a n d 1 11 1 609 fo r 11 ft y s hi ll i ngs In 1 6 06 b a r l e y a n d m a l t we re
c h e a p e r t h a n 1 11 t h e t w o y e a r s s u b s e q u e n t
.

co n s i d e ra b l
”

y
Com e i n t m e T h a t i s y o u v e c o m e i n t m e p r o b ab l y a l l u d i ng t o
.

’
. i .
,
i

h i s s u i ci d e S t wo u l d p u n ct u a t e i t C o m e i n T i m e t h e T i m e be “ ” ”
. .
, ,

i ng a w hi m s i ca l a pp e l l a ti o n fo r t h e fa r m e r ! C l a rk e e xpl a i n s i t as
“ ”

Be in time !
“ ”

I Vapl ez n s H an d k e r c hi e fs Cf L C 1 5
. O ft d i d s h e h e a v e h er n a p . . . . :
“

k i n t o h e r e y ne ; a l so 0t / z i ii
3 2 8 7 2 90 3 2 1 e tc . . .
, , , .

En w T h e pl u r a l o f e n ong /z
o . C f Ill of V i i i 5 2 4 : C h r i s ti a ns . . . . . .
“

e no w S ee a l s o Id i v
. H en V i v 1 2 40 e t c . . . . .
, .

8 A n equ i voca t o e t c
. W a r b b e l i e v e d th i s t o b e a n a l l u s i o n t o t h e
r ,
. .

J e s u it s “ t h e i nv e nt o rs o f t h e e x e c ra bl e d o ct r i n e o f e q u i v o ca t i o n ; a nd
,

M a l o ne th o u ght th a t i t h ad d i r ec t r e fe r e nce t o t h e d o c t r i n e o f eq vo a “
ui c

t on a v o we d by H e n r y G a r ne t S u p e r i o r o f th e o rd e r o f J es u i t s rn E n gl a n d
z , ,

0 11 h i s t r i a l fo r t h e G n p o wd e r T re a so n o n t h e 2 8 t h o f M a r c h 1 6 06 a n d u , , ,

t o h i s d e t e s t a b l e pe j y o n th a t o ccas i o n o r a s S h a k e s p e a r e e xp re s ses
r ur

i t t o h i s s we a r i ng i n b o th s ca l e s a gai ns t e i th e r s ca l e th a t i s fl a tl y a nd
, ,
‘
, ,

d i r e c tly co n t r ad i c ti ng hi m se l f 011 o a th
”
.

A cco r d i ng t o W a rb t h e j o k e co n s i s t s i n th i s
“
13 A F r en c/ l z ose z

t h a t t h e F re nc h h o se b e i ng th e n v ery s h o r t a nd s t ra i t a t a il o r m u s t be
.
. .
,

m as t e r o f h i s t ra d e w h o co u l d s t ea l a nyth i ng fr o m t h e m M a l o ne re .

m a rk s F r o m a p a ssa ge i n H en y V an d fr o m o th e r p r o o fs w e k n o w
:
“
r .
, ,

t h a t ab o u t t h e y ea r 1 5 9 7 t h e F r e n c h h o se w er e v e ry l a rge a n d l us ty b u t
d o u b tl e s s b e t w ee n th a t y e ar a n d 1 600 th e y h ad a d o pt e d t h e fas h i o n
h e re a l l u d e d t o ; a n d w e k n o w t h a t F re n c h fas hi o ns w e r e v e r y q u i ck ly
a d o pt e d 1 1 E ng l a n d T h e fo l l o w i ng p ass age o ccu r s i n T/z e B l a cle Ye r
1 . a ,

b y A n th o n y Nix o n 1 6 06 G e n tl e m e n thi s y e ar s h a l l b e m u c h w r o ng e d
, :

b y th e i r t a yl o rs fo r t h e i r co nsc i e n ce s a re n o w m u ch l arg e r th a n e v e r t h e y
,

w e r e fo r w h e re [w h e r e as ] th e y w e r e w o n t t o s t e a l e b u t h a l f a y e a r d o f
,

b ro o d cl o t h i n m ak i ng u p a p a y r e o f b ree c h e s n o w th e y d o l a rge ly r i ck e , r

th e i r c u s t o m e rs i n t h e l a ce t o o e t c ,
’
.

In Ill f V i 2 80 th e r e i s a ir o t h e r re fe r e n ce t o t h e l arge ro u n d h o se
. o . . .

b o r r o w e d fro m F r a n ce C f a l s o H en V i i i 7 5 6 . . . . . . .

14 Goose S o ca l l e d fro m i t s h a nd l e w h i c h r ese m b l e s t h e n eck o f a

.
, .

go o s e
1 5 . A t qu i et . M r F u rn i v a l l
. r e m a rk s th a t as S . u s es b o th ‘
in r es t ’

and
‘
at res t th e re
’
i s n o th i g t n s ra n ge in h is i u s ng bot h ‘
i n qu e i t ’
and
q
,
‘
at u e i t .
’
C f 7 n dges , xv i ii 2 7
. . . On the p e cu l i a r u s es of at i n S .
, s ee
Gr 43 , 1 44
. 1 .

1 7 T/z e p r i m r os e w ay , e t c S t e e ve n s c e s H i ri n 3 50 : the r m it i p i
fl y
. . . . .

p th a nd A W lli iv th t l
“
of da 6: t h e o w e r wa y ea d s
r os e a an ce
5 5 a . . .

t o t h e b r o a d g a e a n d t h e g re a fi re
”
t t .

22 Th e secon d cod e
. T h e m e m e a n , as a son s u
gges s, i s s o w n b y . ti t M t h
R and 7 .
4 3 . iv . .

Th e s ec o n d c o ck h th a cr o w
’
d,
Th e c u r fe w b e ll h th a r u ng ,
’
t i th s re e
’
l
o c o ck .

Cf . L ea r , i ii .
4 . 1 21 , a nd Ill . IV D i i . . . 1 . 267 .
2 00 NOTE S .

If m i gh I t die wit in h th i h s o u r, I hv a e l iv d
’

To die w h en d e si re I .
”

74 . Ill or t a l i ty C f R of
. 403 : l i fe s
H u m an l i fe ( Sch m i d t ) . . . L .
“ ’

m o r t a l i ty If 7 o/z n , v 7 5 t h e e n d i n g o f m o r t a l ity ; Ill f o r Ill i ii

“
. . . . . .

2 1 96 :
. No m i g ht n o r gr e a t n es s i n m o r t a l i ty , e t c
”
.

7 5 Is d ea d . F o r t h e s i ng u l a r , s e e G r 33 6 ; a nd fo r i s l ef t j u s t b e l o w,
. .

G r 3 33 . .

8 3 B a dg d
’
. No t e l s e w h e r e u s ed as a v e r b by S M a l o ne c it e s 2 H en
. . .

VI i ii 2 2 00 . M u r d e r s cr i m s o n b a d ge
.
’
.
”
.

9 2 E x ped i t i on . H as t e C f T G of V i 3 3 7 t h e s p e e d i e s t e x pe
. . . . . . . .

d iti o n, e t c .

9 3 Ou t r u n . J o h ns o n ( fo l l o w e d b y m an y m od e r n e d i t ors ) c h ange d th i s
.

to o u t ran b u t t h e s e p as t i n d i c a ti v e fo r m s i n u a re ve r y co m m o n i n S .

S e e G r 33 9 ; a n d 0 11 pa u se r , G r 44 3
. . .

t o a d o r n w it h a t e xt u r e s e w e d 011 Sc h m i d t )
“
L (
’

94 a c d T
. o l a ce w a s . .

S u se s i t l it e r a l l y i n M u c/i A d o, i ii 4 2 0 c l o t h 0 g o l d , a n d cu t s , a n d
“ ’

fi
. . .

l ace d wit h s i l v e r a nd g ur a ti v e ly , a s h e r e , i n R a n d 7 i ii 5 8
W
. . . .

ha t en vi ou s t
s r e ak s

Do l ace t h e s e v e r i ng l
c o u d s 1 11
.

y on d e r e as t! ”

a nd Cy m b i i 2 22
W h th
. . .

’
i l ac d
W thi b l ue of
e a nd
ea v en s
a z u re
’
o wn i nc t t .

S ee a l s o S om e 6 7 4
y bl
. . .

Po p e w a nt e d t o h a nge t hi s ”
Gol d en bl ood . c to go a r o od, but s ee

011 i i 2 5 6 a b o v e . . .

A br ea c/c i n n a t u r e
95 . S t e e ve n s c e s S d n e , A r ca d i a : b a e r ng
. it i y “
tt i
d o wn t h e wa s o f l
e r a r m o u r , m a k ng b r e a c e s a m o s th i
i n e er a ce i h l t v y pl
t
fo r r o u e s o f w o u nd s t o e n e r p a n d A IIer r i ng s T a y l e, 1 5 9 8 : A ba t t ’

t e r d b re a c
’
h h
w e r e t r o o pe s o f w o u nd s m a y e n e r i n
”
t .

98 B r eec l.z d w i t /
c
g”or e Sc m d
’
e a n s br ea d ,
“
t o co er a s w . h i t xpl i v ith
b re e c e s , t o s e a e h h th
S o D o u ce , D ce , D e u s , a n d o e r s . Na res y li th .

t ak es t o m e a n, it a n
g the er h vi
, o r b re e c , co e re d w b o od
”
v y h il t h v i th l .

Re e c h d ,
’ ” ’
d r e n ch d ,
” ”
h a t c h d , e t c , a e b e e n s u gge s e d as e m e n d a
’
h . v t
ti o n s ; b u t , a s W a r b r e ma k s , h l p h t l ixt
“
r t h e w o e s e e c i s a n u n n a u ra m . u re

o f fa r fe c e d a n d co m m o n
-
t h a ce o u g ts , a s o ws h i m t o b e a c n
g pl th h th t h ti
a ar p t
”
C f G r 5 29 . . . .

1 00 Ill a / ee s
’
T h e a bb re a o n s fo r l z i s i s e r c o m m o n e e n i n
’
vi ti v y v
ll q i l
. .

p as s a es w
g c hi h
a re n o t c o o u a o r fa m ar
”
( P il i C . .

1 01 T W a e h t ly
( Rem a r’ /s on Cl z a r of S /z a /es , 3 d c d , p
7 7, fo o n o e ) t t e e

L y M th q
-
. . . . .

sa s : y O n ad a cb e s s e e m n g t o fa n w i i t hil
e B a n u o a nd M
a c d u ff

a re s o c o u s a bo u li it h e r, a cb e t
, b y hi s u
M th t y
n co n ce r n , b e ra s a c o ns c o u s i
ne ss a th t
t h e fa n n g i s fe g n e d i ti i
q t
.

l th
F a e ( u o e d b y F u r n e ss ) r e m a r k s : “ A ny c hil
d co u d d e c a r e t al l h t
t hi s s wo o n w a s o n ly i v i
fe g n e d t o a o d al l fu r e r e m b a r r ass m e n th B ut t it
p t L y
.
_

t
m u s no t b e m a g ne d a i i
e re i s a n th t t h
y fe g n ng e r e i i h
T he oe i n ad .
,

M th
a c be , g e s a no er ew of iv th v i h t
u m a n n a u r e s e e e d i n s i n fr o mt p a th t
p t y
o r ra ed i n a cb e mse f M th hi l
In h e r , as h e r fo r m e r d r e a m s ro e p v .

i l h l t l
m o c k e r e s a n d u n re a , t h e w o e m e n a o r g a n z a o n r e ce e s a n a n n i h i i ti iv
l ti l
a ng b o w fr o m a rs th t fi t
d e e d o f b o o d , b e ne a lw c t h hi h i t
m a y s a gge r t
 A C T II . S CE NE III .
201

on fo r a w h il e , b u t fr o m w h i c h i t c a n n e v e r e n ti r e l y re co ve r Fo r o n e
L
.

m o m e n t , i m m e d i a t e l y a ft e r t h e d e e d , a d y M a cb e t h ca n o v e r m a s t e r h e r
-

fi
h u s b a nd , a n d s t a n d d e an tl y e r e ct , a s i f t o c h a l l e nge h e l l t o c o m b a t .

B u t t hi s was b u t a m o m e n t a r y i n t o xi ca ti o n , i t i s e v e n n o w o v e r S he .

i s a l re ad y c o n sc i o us th a t s h e c a n n e v e r b a n i s h fr o m h e r b r e a s t t h e c o rr
s c i o u s n e ss o f h e r c r i m e , s h e h as fo u n d o u t t h a t h e r w i s d o m ,
w hi c h S p u r n e d
a t r e fl e c t i 0 11 , i s n a u g h t T h e d e e d s h e h as d o n e s t a n d s c l e a r b e fo r e h e r
.

s o u l 1 11 u n v e i l e d , h o r r i b l e d i s ti n ct n e ss , a n d th e r e fo r e s h e s w o o n s a w a y
”

H O1 11 a n d B o d e n s t e d t a l s o b e l i e v e t h a t t h e s w o o n i s re a l T h e l a tt e r
y L
.

sa s Va r i o u s ca u s es h a v e co o p e r a t e d t o b e ge t i n a d y M a cb e t h a
v u l s i o n o f fe e l i ng , w hi c h , fro m h e n ce fo r t h c on s t a n tl y i n cre a s i ng, d r i v e s
h e r a t l a s t t o s e l f d est r u ci i o n fi
l h e rs t i n t i m a ti o n w e fo u n d 1 11 i i
'

fi
. .

34 . S h e nd s h e r s e l f m i s t a k e n i n h e r h u s b and a gu l f h a s o p e n e d b e
t we e n hi m a nd h e r whi c h no t hi ng c a n h e r e a ft e r b r i d ge o v e r A t t h e .

s a m e t i m e w e p e r ce i v e h e re t h e i n ti m a ti o n o f th a t i n t e r n a l a n d n a t u r a l

r e a c ti o n o f h e r o v e r t a x e d p o we rs W o m a n h o o d re as s e r ts i t s r i ght s
.
”
.

F l e t c h e r ( se e a b o ve p . r e fe r r i n
.
g t o t h e t h e o r y th a t t h e fa i n ti ng i s
fe i gn e d , r e m a r k s W e be l i e v e , h ow e v e r , th a t o u r p r e vi o us e x a m i na ti o n
'

o f h e r c h a ra c t e r m u s t a l r e a d y h a v e p r e p a re d t h e r e a d e r t o
g i v e t o thi s
c i r c u m s t a n ce qu it e a d i ffe r e n t i n t e r p r e t a ti o n H e w i l l b e a r i n m i nd t h e
fi
.

b u r s t o f a ngu i s h w hi c h h a d b e e n fo r c e d fro m h e r b y M a cb e th s v e r y rs t
’

r u m i n a ti o n s u p o n h i s a c t T h e s e d e e d s m u s t n o t b e th o ug h t A ft e r t h e se
w a y s ; s o, i t w i l l m a / e u s m a d R e m e m b e r i ng thi s , h e w i l l s e e w h a t a
J
’

fl
.

d r e a d fu l a cc u mu l a ti o n o f s u ffe r i n g i s i n i c t e d u p o n h e r b y h e r h u sb a n d s
’

o wn l i ps [ i i 3 93
. . p a i n ti ng i n s t r o nge r , b l a c k e r co l o u rs th a n e v e r t h e
u i l ty h o r ro r o f th e i r co m m o n d e e d
”
g
y
.

C o m p ar e w h a t W e i ss ( p 4 2 1 ) s a s : S h e h as h a d n o c h a nce t o cal m
.

l a t e w h a t e ffe c t t hi s m u rd e r w i l l h a v e u p o n h u m a n se ns i b il i ti e s w h e n t h e y
a r e t ak e n b
y i t u n a w a re s S h e s e e s t h e a w fu l ness o f i t s u dd e n l y r e e c t e d fl
q
.

fro m t h e fa ces a n d g e s t u r e s o f M ac d u ff, B a n u o , a nd t h e r e s t It b e a t s .

a t t h e g a t e a cro s s w hi c h s h e h a s b ra ce d a w o m a n s a r m , a n d b r e a k s i t
’

i n ; a nd a m o b o f r e p r o a ch e s r u s h o v e r h e r W h a t h a v e th ose d e l i ca t e .

h and s b ee n d o i ng ? Na t u re , i n m a k i ng h e r , w a s s o l i ttl e i n t h e m a l e
m o o d , s o i n t e n tly fo l l o wi ng t h e w o m a n s m o d e l , th a t i t l e ft o u t t h e e l e
’

m e n t w hi c h c a r r i es M a cb e t h th ro u g h thi s s c e n e T o h e a r h e r h u s b a nd .

d e s c r i b e h i s s i m u l a t e d r age i n b u t c h e r i ng t h e g ro o m s , a n d d ra w t h a t
—
p a i n ti ng o f D u nc a n i n h i s b l o o d A n d h i s ga s h d s t a b s l o o k d l i k e a
‘ ’ ’

b r e a c h i n n a t u r e F o r r u i n s was t e fu l e n t r a nc e
’
— i t i s t o o m u c h , a nd t i s
’

pl a i n s h e i s n o t n e e d e d H e l p m e h e nc e , h o " h e r s e x c r i e s It i s t h e
L
. . .

r e v u l s i o n o f n a t u r e i n a fe m i n i n e s o u l o ve h as e xh a l e d a l l i t s h a r d i
.

h o o d i n t o t h e d e e d wh i c h i s j u s t n o w d i sco v e re d S h e , t o o , h a s o n ly no w .

r e al l y d i s c o v e red i t T h e n e rv e s p ar t a t t h e o v e r s t r a i n o f s e e i ng w h a t
.

t h e d e e d i s l i k e , a n d d ro p h e r h e l pl e ss i n t o a s w o o n
”
.

T h e m e , s u bj e c t “
1 02 A g m en t
r u C f S on n 76 1 0 : A n d y o u a nd
L
. . . . . .

l o v e a re s t il l m y a rgu m e n t , e t c S e e a l so M i l t o n, P
”
. i 24 : t he . . .

hi g ht h o f t hi s gr e a t a rg u m e n t ”
.

1 04 H i d i n a n a ug er b ol e C o n ce a l e d i n i m p e r ce p ti b l e o r o b s c u re
q
-
. .

pl ac e s ( E l w i n ) S t e e ve ns u o t e s Cor i v 6 8 7 : C o n fi n d In t o a n
”
.
“
. . .
’

0 11 t h e m e a s u r e o f t h e l i n e , s ee G r 4 80
”
a ug e r s b o re
’
. . .
2 02 NO TE S .

1 06B r ew d
. D e l i u s r e m ar k s th a t t h i s m e t a p h o r i s am pl i e d i n T A
’
. fi . .

i i i 2 38
fi
. . .

1 07 T h e C P e d s a y s : rs t s t r e ng t h i s m o ti o nl e ss ,
“
. S o rr o w i n i t s
. . .

a n d c a nn o t e xp r e ss i t s e l f i n wo r d s o r t e a rs C f i v 3 2 09 , a n d 3 H e n . . . . .

VI i i i 3 2 2
. . .

And g i v e my t o ng u e t i e d -
sorr o w s l v ea e to s p ea k .
”

1 08 . M
w e l ea ve , e t cen W h e n we h a ve c l o t h e d o u r h a l f d re s t .

b o d i es , w h i c h m ay t a k e co l d fro m b e i ng e xp o se d t o t h e a i r ” ( S t e e ve ns ) .

T h e P o r t e r h ad o b s er v e d t h a t t h e pl a ce w a s t o o c o l d fo r h e l l M a l o ne .

q uo t e s T of A i v 3 2 2 8 . . . .

ll t h t Ca
WO fhw kfk l dh vt l i v i l l th pi t ose n a
r ea u
e n a u res

ea en
”
.
e c re a u r es
e n a e s e

1 1 3 P r eten ce
. In t e n ti o n p u r p o se Cf W T iii
. Cor i 2 2 0 , . . . . . . . .
,

et c In 1 i 4 2 4 b e l o w w e h a v e p r eten d
. . . i n t e n d d e s i gn :
, .

S t e e ve ns e xpl a i ns t h e p a ss age th u s I h e re d e cl a re m y s e l f a n e t e rn a l .

e n e m y t o th i s t re as o n a n d t o a l l i t s fu r th e r d e s i g n s t h a t h a v e n o t
, ye t
c o m e t o l i g ht .

1 1 5 P u t on m a n l y r ea d i n ess
. T h a t i s d r ess o u r se l v es ( Sc h m i d t ) .
, .

S o r ea dy = d resse d C f Cy m b i i 3 86 . . . . .

Cl t Y l dy p “
i h dyo en . ou r a
’
s er son : s s e re a ?

L dy a .

T k p h h mb ; o ee er c a er

and t h e s t age d i re c ti o n i n 1 H e n VI 1 1 1 3 8 T h e F r e n ch l e a p o ve r “
. . . . :

t h e w a ll s i n th e i r s h i r t s E n t e r s e v e r a l w a y s t h e B as t ar d o f O r l e ans
A l e nco n a n d R e i gni e r h al f re a dy a nd h al f u rrr e a d y
.
, , ,

.
, ,

1 19 Ea y . E as il y s See G r 1
. . . .

S e e G r 33 5 ; a nd o n n ea r G r 4 78 , a nd Ri el i
’
1 22 Tb er e n e ar e r ,
'

. s . . . .

II p 1 9 0
. . .

S t e e ve ns r e m ark s : H e s us p e c t e d M acb e th ; fo r h e w as t h e n ea r es t
i n bl ood t o t h e t w o p r i nce s , b e i ng t h e c o u s i n ge r m a n o f D u nca n
”
T he -
.

C P e d q u o t es W e bs t e r , Appi u s a nd Vi rg i n i a , v 2
. . . .

tm
hv v t d
G r ea ’
m i s for t th
Th y t h
l y b t th e t bl d ou c
en s
n o n e n e ar
u ne s
u
us a e e
e i r n e ar e s
e r s oo
oo .
”

1 2 4 H a t /i n ot y et l zgnted
. H as n o t ye t s p e n t i t s fo r ce . .

1 2 6 D a i n ty of
. P a r t i cu l ar a b o u t C f T a n d C i 3 1 45 :
.
gr o ws . . . . . .

d a i nty o f h i s wo r th .

D e l i us co m p a re s A W i i 1 33
’
1 2 7 T/z e e s w r r a n t e t c
. r a , . . . . .

B I ll t l w y ’

d Th
t m er ra . s ea a a .

Fi t L h i th t t h ftrs or . e re
’
s o n ou r n a e .
”

S C E N E IV —M r F l e ay ( i n h i s p a p e r r e a d b e fo re t h e New S /z a l es S oc
J u ne 2 6 1 8 74) s ays : T h e o l d m a n i n i i 4 i s s u s pi c i ou s
. . . .
,
“
H e i s of
t h e p r e t e r na t u r a l ph e n o m e n a h a d b e e n a l r e a dy d w e l t 011 s u ffi
, . .

11 0 u s e

c i e n t l y i n i i 3 3 5— 44 i n S h a k e s p e a r e s b e s t m a nn e r n o t i n t h e p r o s y
’

w o u l d b e p o e t ry o f thi s s ce ne
. .
,

I a m n o t s u r e th a t t li e e fl e c t 1 11 is .

n o t e v e n co m i c D a r k n i g h t s t ra ng l i n g t h e t ra v e l l i ng l a m p i s ce r t a i n ly
‘ ’
.

q u e e r a nd D u nca n s h o rs e s ( fro m Kil k e nny ) e a ti ng e ac h o t h e r m i g ht

,
’ ’
2 04 NO TE S .

hi gh es t e l e v a ti o n of the h a wk ”
( S ch m i d t ) . F o r pi t c/z , cf . P i c/z I] . . i .

1 . 1 09 , a n d s e e n o e t i n o ur ed 1 53 . .

1 3 M ow i ng A v e r y e ffe c t iv e e pi th e t , a s c o n t r as ti ng t h e fa l c o n , i n
y
. .

her pri d e of pl ace , w ith a b i r d th a t i s a cc u s t o m e d t o se e k i ts p r e o n t h e

( T a l bo t )
”
g ro u nd .

1 4 H or ses . A m o n os ab e e re S ee G r 4 7 1 ; a n d c f sen se i n v
. yl l l h . . . .

1 2 2 be o w, a n d i n S on n 1 1 2 1 0
. l In A a n d 7 7 we a e
“
o rs e . . . . C iii
. . . h v h
o r s esh a n d i n If 7 0a”, 1 2 89 ,
“
o r s e b ac k fo r o rs e s b a ck
’
. ii . . h h .

1 5 M i n i on s D a r ng s S e e 0 11 2 1 9 ab o e li i v
fit
. . . . . .

1 6 In n a t u r e T e r w d ne s s w as 11 0 c as u a or a s s ng bu t h i
e r il l p i th i
,

q
. .

h l
w o e n a u r e h a d b e co m e s u d d e n t c a ng e d
”
( D e u s , u o e d by Fu r ly h li t
n e ss ) .

17 As Se e 4 1 1 a nd
011 i ii 2 27 Gr 1 07
y
. . . . . . . . .

18 E at Ch i ti cs t o a te w hi c h i s n o wh e r e fo u nd i n
an e d b
g y m an cr
t i s th e re m ore fr e q ue ntl y p r i n t e d e a t e
. .
,

t h e e a r l y c o pi p “ ”
es T h e re s e n
S u se s b o t h ea t (as i n L L L i v 2 2 6 R i /z I] v 5
. .

F o r t h e p a r ti c i pl e . . . . . .
,
c . . . .

8 5 e t c ) a n d ea ten (s e e i 3 8 4 a n d i v 1 64 i n t h e p r e se n t pl ay ) M il t o n
L i x 78 1 P P i 3 5 2 and
. . . . .
, .

a l wa y s u s e s ea t fo r t h e p as t t e n se ( a s i n P

L A l l 1 02 w h e re i t r h ym e s wi t h f ea t ) b u t n e v e r w e b e l i e v e fo r t h e pa r
. .
.
, . . .
,
’
.
, , , ,

t i c i pl e .

P r eten d
24 S e e 011 1 1 3 1 1 3
y
. . . . .

28 [fa r/i n up D e v o u r gr e e d i l (S c h m i d t ) C f M f or M i 2 1 33
L
. . . . . .

i k e r a t s t h a t r a v i n d o w n th e i r p ro p e r b an e In i v 1 2 4 b e l o w we . . .
“

have C f. A IV i ii 2 1 2 0
/ t h e r av i n l i o n
”

L V
. . . . .
_

29 Li k e . i k e l y ; a s o ft en i n S C f M of
. i i 7 49 : Is t l i k e
“ ’
. . . . .

t h a t l e a d co nt a i ns h e r ? ”

3 1 S con e . O f t hi s a n c i e n t t o wn , w h i c h w a s s i t u a t ed ab o u t t wo m il es
.

a n d a h a l f fro m P e r th , fe w m e m o r i a l s n o w r e m a i n Of S co ne A bb e y , .

fo u nd e d b y A l e x a nd e r I i n 1 1 07 i n w h i c h t h e S co tti s h k i ngs fr o m th a t .
,

d a t e d o w n t o t h e ti m e o f J a m e s II we r e cro w n e d , n o thi n g i s l e ft b u t p ar t
fi
.

o f a n a i s l e n o w u s e d as a m a u s o l e u m b
y t h e E a r l o f M a n s e l d , 011 w h o se
e s t a t e i t s t a nd s T h e o l d m a rk e t cr o s s o f S c o n e a l so r e m a i ns i n t h e
.
-

pl e a su re gr o u n d s o f S co ne P a l a ce , as t h e s e a t o f t h e e a r] i s ca l l e d A t
-
.

t h e n o r th s i d e o f t h e m a n s i o n i s a t u m u l u s , k n o wn as t h e M o a t H il l , s a i d
t o h a v e b e e n co m p o se d o f e a r t h fr o m t h e e s t a t e s o f th o se w h o h e r e a t
t e nd e d 011 t h e k i ngs .

s t o ne o f S co n e , w h i c h s er ved for m an y age s a s t h e s e a t

“
T h e fa m o u s
0 11 w hi c h t h e k i n gs w e re c r o wn e d , n o w fo r m s p a r t o f t h e E ngl i s h c o r o
n a ti o n c h a i r i n W e s t m i n s t e r A b b e y
-

T h e c o n n e c ti o n th a t t h e s t o n e i s .

s u pp o s e d t o h a v e w it h t h e d e s ti n i e s o f t h e S co t s i s co m m e m o ra t e d i n

a n c i e n t ve rs e , t whi c h h a s b e e n t h u s r e n d e r e d
’e

F t f i thl g w Ul n ess the a e s a re a e ss ro n,

A d p
ph t v i b vi ’

T h S t ti h
f d hi
h ll i g
d t Wh n
e re e r

e
'
ro

co
1s
'
e

s
o un
s

r ac e
o ce
t
s
e
s s ac r e
a re
a n,

n
s o ne,
.
”

A cco r d i ng t o n a ti o na l t r a d iti o n t hi s s t o n e w a s t h e pi ll o w o f J a co b a t ,

l i e t h e l a n d l o ng s e r v e d fo r t h e co r o n a ti o n s e a t o f t h e k i ngs o f Ire l a nd
,
-
.

Ni t ll t f t r S t i q mq l t m “
a a a u u. co u oc u ue o ca u
l v m t l p d m g t t i bi d m n e en a i e re na r e e ne n u r e .
It i s s a i d t o h a v e b ee n b r o u g ht fr o m Ir e l a n d t o Io n a b y F e rg u s , t h e s o n
o f E rc , th e n t o h a v e b e e n d e p o s i t e d i n D u n s t a ffn a e C a s tl e ( s ti l l s t a n d i n
g g
n e a r O b a n ) , a nd t o h a v e b e e n t ra n s p o r t e d t h e n ce t o S c o n e b
y K e nn e t h
II i n t h e y e a r 842
. It s hi s t o ry fro m t h a t d a t e i s we l l a u th e n ti ca t e d , b u t
.

t h e r es t i s o f c o u r s e m o r e o r l es s m ythi ca l .

3 3 Col m e é i l l T h e c e l l ( o r c h a p e l ) o f C o l u m b a , n o w k no w n as
“ -
”
. .

Ico l m k i l l , o r Io n a , a b a rr e n i s l e t , a bo u t e i g ht m i l e s so u t h o f S t a ffa H e re .

S t C o l u m b a, a n Ir i s h C h r i s ti a n p r e a c h e r , fo u n d e d a m o n a s t e r y i n A D
. . .

5 6 3 a n d h e r e h e d i e d a b o u t A D 5 9 7, o r a t t h e ti m e w h e n A u gu s ti ne
, . .

l a n d e d i n K e n t t o co n v e r t t h e E ngl i s h Fr o m th i s m o nas t e r y i n Io n a .

C h r i s t i a n ity a nd c i v il i z a ti o n s p r e ad , n o t o n l y th r o u gh S co tl a n d , b u t e v e n
t o t h e O r k n e s a n d Ice l a n d y H e n ce t h e i s l a n d c a m e t o b e c o n s i d e r e d
.

h o l y gr ou nd , a nd th e re w as a t ra d i ti on ar y b e l i e f t h at i t w as t o b e s p ec i a l ly
fa v o u r e d a t t h e d i ss o l u ti o n o f t h e w o r l d A cco r d i ng t o t h e a nci e n t
p ro p h ecy
.
.

,
h t wf l d y Se v y b e fore t
W h t i m h ll b
A w t y d l g h ll
m
w p
en

a er
en
e ar s

e u
e s

e
a
s a
a

e no
’
o e rs
a u
o re ,

ee
a

H ib i m y h ; e rn a s
’
oss s or e

l d Il t h ll i k
W
Th g e r ee n c a s a, oo , s a s n
-

h i l w i th t h g t d g d e e re a an oo ,

C l mb h ppi i l h ll ’
o u a s a er s e s a r e ar
H t w b v th fl d er o e rs a o e e oo .
”

It i s n o t t o b e w o n d e r e d a t t h a t m o na r c h s d e s i re d t o b e b u r i e d i n th i s
s a c r e d s p o t a n d th a t th u s 1 t b ec a m e t h e c e m e t e r y w h e r e as C o l l i ns h as
, ,

sun
g ,
T h m i g hty k i g f th f i elm l id n s o r ee a r r ea s ar e a

S co tl a n d Ir e l a n d a n d No r w a y
, NO t r ace o f th e i r t o m b s n o w r e m a i ns
,
.
,

t h e o l d e s t m on u m e n t s l e ft 011 t h e i s l a nd b e i n g t h o s e o f Ir i s h e cc l e s i as ti cs
o f t h e 1 2 t h ce n t u r y B es i d es th e s e th e r e a r e t h e r u i ns o f a c h a p e l ( o f
.

t h e 1 1 t h c e n t u ry ) o f a n u n ne r y ( fo u nd e d a b o u t
,
a n d o f t h e ca th e d r a l

c h u rc h o f S t M a r y b u i l t e a r ly i n t h e 1 3 t h ce n t r y O f th e th r e e h u nd re d u

a n d fi ft y scu l pt u re d s t o n e c r o s s e s w h i c h fo r m e r ly a d o r n e d t h e i s l a n d o n l y
. .
,

t w o a r e s t il l s t a n d i n g O n e i s ca l l e d M ac l e a n s C r os s a n d i s a b e a u ’ ”
.
,

t i fu l l y car v e d m o no l i th e l e v e n fe e t hi gh t h e o th e r S t M a r ti n s C r o s s
’ ”
.
, , ,

i s a b o u t fo u r t e e n fe e t hi g h A l l t h e o t he r c r o ss e s w e r e th r o w n i n t o t h e
.

s e a a b o u t t h e y e a r 1 5 60 b y o rd e r o f t h e a n ti P o pi s h S y n o d o f A rg yl l
, ,
-
.

D r J o h n s o n w h o v i s i t e d Io n a d u r i ng h i s S co tti s h t o u r w r it e s o f i t
.
, ,

W e we r e n o w t r e a d i ng th a t il l us t r i o u s i s l a n d w hi c h w a s o n ce t h e l n
m i n a ry o f t h e C a l e d o n i a n r eg i o n s w h e n ce sa v ag e c l a ns a n d r o i ng b ar v

b ar i a ns d e r i v e d t h e b e n e fi t s o f k n o wl e d ge a n d t h e b l e ss i ngs o f r e l i g i o n
,

F a r fr o m m e a nd fr o m m y fr i e n d s be s u c h fr i g i d p hil o so phy a s m a y c o n ~

d u c t u s i n d i ffe r e n t a n d u n m o v e d o v e r a ny g r o u n d w hi c h h as b e e n d i gn i
fi e d b y wi s d o m b ra v e ry o r v i r t u e ,
T h a t m a n i s l i ttl e t o b e e n v i e d w h o s e
,
.

p a t r i o ti s m wo u l d no t ga i n fo r ce u p o n t h e pl a i n o f M ar a th o n o r w h o s e ,

p i e ty w o u l d n o t g ro w war m e r a m o ng t h e r u i ns o f Io na .
”

3 6 T/z i t/z r T h a t i s t o S co n e
e

C f L a r i 1 2 68
. .
.
,

o u r gra ce o u r l o v e o u r b e m so n ,
’

40 B en on . is . . e , . . : ,
”
,

1 d i v 6 2 29
. . . Th e b o u nty a nd t h e b e n i son o f h e a ven
“
.
2 06 NO TE S .

F OR R ES —E M I N E N C E AT THE W ST R N
E E EX TR E M I Y. T

A C T III .

S CE N E I —7. . S /i i n e .
“
A pp ear w i th al l t h e l u st r e f
o con s
pi cn ou s t r n t/z
(J o h ns o n ) .

10 H u s/z , n o m or e T e s e wo r d s a r e i n e rfe c m o r a k e e ng h p t l pi
q
. .

w ith B a n uo s
’
re p vi
o u s r eso u e fig h t i ngs a ga n s e s ugge s o n s l t i t vil ti
Cl
( a rk e ) .

S on n et . l i tt
A so w r e n sen n i t , se n et , sy n n et , cy n et , sig n et , a n d s ig na te It .

t
o cc u r s o f e n i n t h e o l d s a e d r e c o ns , a nd
g t
se e m s t o n d ca e a p ar t i c i ti i i t
l
u a r s et o f n o es o n t he t
r u m e , o r co r n e , d ffe r e n fro m a t our s
”
p t t i t fl i h
( Na r e s ) See H n 1 76 p
e
. . . .

13 A l l t/z i ng
.
-
“
E er wa y . v y
( S c m d ) C f t h e a d ve rb a u s e o f h i t . . i l
n ot /tin
g a n d s ovi et/l i ng T h e 2 d fo o h as al l . ngs t h e 3 d a nd 4 t h , li -
th i
“
al l thi
ngs
”
S e e G r 1 2 , a n d c f 5 5 a n d 68
. . . .

1 4 S ol em n
. e r e m o n o u s , fo r m a
. C ( Sc m d ) i
Cf T A v 2 1 1 5 l h i t . . . . . .

l
S o e m n fe as ( a s o i n A t W 3 1 8 7)l 7: o
f S 2 1 03
“
o ur s o l
. ii . . . iii . .

e m u fe s a ,ti v l
”
etc .

1 5 L et , e t c
. Ro w e c a nge d . s to
“
h
L a y o u r H g ne ss s ;
’
P o e, thi y i h p
to
“
L y o
a u r y w c i s a s o i n t he C ol ] M S “
hi h
o m m an d l . . C
p
u on
”
i s n o t fo u nd e s e w e r e i n S , b u t i n P er l 1 3 we h
a e t h e n ou n iii h v
i il l y
. . . .

s m ar u se d :
a nd t h ou , t hth t
a as
U p on t h e wi n d s c o m m an d , bin d th m i e n brass .

S e e G r 1 9 1 , a nd c f 1 3 9
q
. . .

F l a t h e ( s ee ab o ve , p . 1 65 ) re m ark s h e re : A nd B an u o ca n d ec l are
2 08 NO TE S .

T h y d e m on , h a
’
s t h y s i ri w ic t t
k ee p t h h p ths ee . is

N l h th l
Wh
B
o b e , c o u r ag e o u s , h i g , u n m a c a b e ,
e r e C aes a r s i s n o t ; b u t n e a r h i m t h y
’

ec o m es a fe a r, a s be i ng
a nge l
i s fro m N th s P l t r c/i
T hi s F o r t hy d e m o n s a i d h e ( th a t i s t o
’ “
or u a ,

s a y t h e g o o d a ng e l a n d s pi r i t th a t k e e p e t h th e e ) i s a fr a i d o f h i s ; a nd
, ,

be i ng co u r age o us a n d hi g h w h e n h e i s a l o n e b e co m e t h fe a r fu l a nd ti m o r ,

o u s w h e n h e co m e th n e a r u n t o t h e o t h e r O n Gen i u s cf 7 C i i 1 6 5
”
. . . .
.
, . .

62 M i n B y. S ee G r 1 93 . . . .

64 Fi l d D e fi l e d b u t n o t t h a t w o r d co n t r a c t e d It i s u se d i n p r o s e ;
’

fi
. . .

as i n H o ll a n d s P l i ny , x iv 1 9 : If t h e g r a p e s h a v e b e e n l ed by a ny
’
.

o r d u r e o r d u ng fa l n e fr o m a b o v e th e r e u p o n J o h ns o n s a y s th a t t o fi l e i s
”
.

fo u nd i n t h e B i s h o p s B i b l e See W b al s o
’

fi
. . .

66 Vessel . O ft e n u s e d gu ra ti v e ly by S
. C f 2 H e n I V i v 4 44 ; . . . . . .

7 . C v 5 3
. 1 ; l/V T i ii
. .
3 2 1 , e tc . . . . .

6 7 E ter n a l j ew el
. Im m o r t a l s o u l (C P ” F o r t h e u se o f
. . .

, i i i t h e e t e r n a l s pi r i t
“
ete r n a l , c f If 7 o/i n 4 18 :
. . . . .

6 9 S eed . T h e fo l i o s h a v e . seed es or
“
s e e d s, w hi c h W r e t a i ns . .

70 Tb c l i s t
. E l se w h e r e S h as l i sts i n t hi s se nse
. C f k i ck 1 1 i 2 5 2 . . . . . . .

] d i 3 3 2 , 3 8 , 43 1 H en V] v 5 3 2 , e tc H e h as l i s t s e v e ra l t i m e s i n
y
. . . . . . . .

t h e m o r e g e n e r a l s e ns e o f b o u n d a r , l i m it ; a s i n A W i i 1 5 3 1 H en . . . .

IV iv . H a m i v 5 9 9, e tc
. . . . .

7 1 C/z a nzp i o n m e t o t /z e u /t e a
z u ce F i g h t w it h m de ou t r a n ce
“
A '

fi
. . .

ch a l l e n ge , o r a co m b a t a l ou t r a n ce, t o e xt r e m i ty , w as a x ed t e r m i n t h e ’

l a w o f a r m s , u s e d w h e n t h e co m b a t a n t s e ngage d w i th a n od i u m i n ter n e
c i n u m , a n i n t e n ti o n t o d e s t r o y e a c h o t h e r , i n o pp os i t i o n t o t r i a l s o f s k i l l

a t fe s tiv a l s , o r 0 11 o t h e r o ccas i o n s , w h e r e t h e c o n t e s t w as o n l y fo r r e p u

t a t i on or a p ri z e
”
( J o h nso n ) C f Cy m b i i i 1 73 B e ho v es me k ee p at
q
. . . . .

u tt e r a n c e ( th a t i s , d e fe n d t o t h e u tt e r m o s t ) S t e e ve ns u o t e s G o l d i ng s
” ’
.

O v i d , l l /et x i v .

“
To b o th e a rt i e s th p at the l e ng th fr o m b a t t el l fo r t o re s t ,

A nd n o t t o g to fi ht u tt e ra n c e .
”

79 . Conf er en d i s s yl l ab l e G r 468 ce . M e t i ca l l y r a . . .

S p e n t i n p r o v i ng t o y o u F o r p r oba t i on
’
P ass d i n p r oba t i on w i t /i y ou . .

p ro o f c f Otl z i i i 3 3 6 5 M f o r [V] v 1 1 5 6 ; Cy m b v 5 3 6 2 , e t c
fl
. . . . . . . . . . . .
,

8 0 B or n e i n l z a n d
. K e pt i n e xp e c t a ti o n , a tt e re d w i t h fa l s e h o p e s . .

C f T cf S i v 2 3
. . Cy m b v 5 4 3 H a m i i 2 6 7, e t c In 1 5 72 , a n a c t
.
-

. . . . . . . . .

w as p as se d ag a i n s t s u c h a s p r ac ti s e a b u s e d s c i e n ce s , w h e r e b y t h e y b e a r
t h e p e o pl e i n h a n d th a t th e y c a n t e l l th e i r d e s ti n i e s , d e a th s , e t c
”
.

“
E v e n t o t h e m os t fe e b l e a pp r e h e n s i o n (M o
’
8 2 To a n ot i on cr a z d
. .

b c rl y) C f L ea r , i 4 2 4 8 :
. H i s n o ti o n w e a k e ns
. Cor v 6 1 07 . .his . . .

o wn no ti o n ,
”
etc .

G o v e r n e d b y g o s p e l p r e ce pt s S e e l l / att v 44
’
8 7 Gospel l d . . . . . .

8 8 To p r ay . A s t o p ra y Gr 28 1 . . . .

9 1 Ay , i n t b c ca t a l og u e, e t c
. Y e s , i n a m e re l i s t o f m e n as m a l e h u m a n .

b e i ngs y o u w o u l d b e r e c k o n e d , j u s t a s t h e m e a n e s t c u r i s c o u n t e d a m o ng
d o gs .

9 3 S l z oug l i
. s z s h o ck s ( e
s e W a t e r r u
g s w e re
“
a k i nd o f p o od l e -

Se e abo v e on i 7 53
. . .
 A CT S CE NE l .
2 09

( Sch m i d t ) b e t w e e n d o gs w o l ve s , l ike
“
a nd d em i w ol ves , a c ro ss a nd the
L
-

t i n ly ci sci (J o h n s o n )
a .

Cl ept P a r ti c ipl e fro m Cf l i am i 4 1 9 T h e y cl e p e cl epe, t o ca ll :

“

LLL
. . . . . .

u s d r u nk a r d s v “
h e cl e pe t h a c a l f ca u f ;
. . V a nd A . . . .

S e c l p es k i g o f g ra v e s , e t c Ycl ep t i s t h e s a m e p a r ti c i pl e
”
995 h e h i m n

fi LLL
.

w it h t h e o l d E ng l i s h p r e x S u s es i t i n i 1 4 2 a nd v 2 602
q
. . . . . . . . . .

9 4 l e va l u ed /i l e
. T h e cl as s i fi c a t i o rr a cco r d i ng t o v a l u e o r u a l i ty ,
.

a s d i ti g i h
s n u s e d fr o m t h e ca t a l o g e ,
u
”
0
or
“
t h e b i l l t h a t w r it e s th e m a l l
a li k e S c h m i d t m a k e s i t a n a d j e c tiv e s o m e t a k e i t t o b e t h e p ass iv e
” '
.

p a r ti c i pl e u se d i n a n ac ti v e s e nse (va l u ed : v al u i ng ) C f G 1 3 74 . . . .

9 6 H ou sek eeper
. W a t c h d o g I h e C P e d s a y s t h a t i n T o ps e l l s
.
’
-
.
'

. . .

H i s t of B ea s t s 1 6 5 8) t h e
.

(
“
h o use k ee p e r i s e n u m e r a t e d a m o ng t h e k i nd s
C f o rrc o vpug i n A r i s t o ph a n e s , Vesp a , 9 70
’

of do s
g . . .

E ncl os e d Sc h m i d t) C f If a n d 7 i 4 1 1 0
”
9 8 Cl os d
’ “
. .
( a de . . . . . .

s pi s e d l i fe c l o s d i n m
y b r e as t
’ ”
.

99 A dd i t i on C f i 3 1 06 O n f r om z a p ar t fr o m , s e e G r 1 5 8
q
. . . . . . . .

1 02 Wo r s t i s l e ng th e n e d m e t r i ca l l y i n t o a u a s i d i ss y l l a b l e
”
.
(G r -

a s en emy , t w o l i n e s b e l o w, i s co n t r a c t e d i n t o o n e ( G 1 .

1 05 Gi app l es
. 0 11 t h e m e t a ph o r, c f H a m i 3 6 3 :
. G r a ppl e th e m t o . . . .

t hy s o u l w i t h h o o p s o f s t e e l ”
S e e a l s o A l n V i i i p ro l 1 8 .
o
. . . . .

“ “
1 6 I In t e case o f Cf i 2 10 : In R o ss
’
0 n . h. i . . .

a nd V i l l o ngh b
V

y etc , .

1 07 O n t h e m e as u r e , s e e G r 49 7
. . .

P u l l e d a b o u t i n w r e s tl i ng w i th fo r t u n e
’
1 1 1 T ugg d w i t /i f or t u n e
. . .

C f W 7 : i v 4 5 08 : L e t m y s e l f a n d fo r t u n e T u g fo r t h e ti m e t o co m e
”
. . . .

S e e a l s o K 7 ol z n , i v 3 1 4 6 ; 2 H e n V1 i i i 2 1 73 , e t c . . . . . . .

O f i t C f l i n e 1 3 0 b e l o w, a n d s e e 0 11 i 3 8 4 a b o v e G r 1 8 2
’
1 1 3 On t . . . . . . . . .

I 1 5 D i sta n ce
.
“
A l i e na t i o n ( S c h m i d t )
. It w a s a fe n ci ng t e r m , d e n o t .

i ng h e p ac e b e t we e n a t a g o ni s t
t s n s C f M W ii 1 2 33 :
“
In t h e s e . . .

t i m e s , yo u s t a nd 0 11 d i s t a n ce , y o u r p ass ad o es , s t o cca d o e s , a nd I k no w n o t
wh a t ; Id i i 3 2 7 : thy p u n t s , thy s t o ck , t hy re v e rse , t hy d i s t a nce ,
“ ”
. . .

e tc . S ee al so A W v 3 2 1 2 ; P a n d ! n 4 2 2 , e tc . . . . . . .

1 1 7 M i f l if e M y i n m os t l i fe S e e 0 11 i i 1 2 4 : k i n d s t
’ “ ’
.
'
n ea r s t o . . . .

l e i s u re G r 4 73 . .

1 19 B i d my w i l l a vou cb i t
. L e t m y w il l a ns we r fo r i t , o w n i t as a n .

a rb i t r a r y a c t C f M /V D i I 1 06 H en V v 1 7 7, e t c
. . . . . . . . . . . .

1 20 F or B e ca u se o f G r 1 50
L
. . . . .

121 oves
. F o r t h e pl u ra l , c f P i c/i l l i v 1 3 1 4 :
. y o u r s i gh ts ; . . . . .

a nd s e e n o t e i n o ur e d 2 06 0 11 m ay , s e e G r 3 1 0 a n d 0 11 bu t G r 3 85. . .
, . .

1 22 W/zo Se e G r 2 1 8 , 2 74 C f i i i 4 4 2 a n d i v 3 1 7 1 b e l o w
L
. . . . . . . . . .

1 28 A d vi se. In s t r u c t Cf . ea r , i 3 2 3 H en i 2 1 0 7, e t c . . . . . . . .

1 29 m e perf ect spy o tl z e ti m e T h e p re c i se ti m e w h e n y o u m ay l o o k

.
’
.

T h e C o l l M S h as a p e r fe c t s p ,
y w hi c h W a d o pt s , r e fe r r i ng
“ ”
for h i m . . . .

i t t o t h e m a n w h o j o i ns t h e m u rd e re rs i n s ce ne 3 Va r i o u s e m e nd a ti o ns .

h a v e b e e n s ugge s t e d , b u t t h e y a re n o t w o r th m e n ti o n i ng .

O f t h e ti m e ; o r , p e r h a p s , o f t h e d e e d
’
1 3 0 On t . . .

131 S o m et/i i ng f r om
. A t s o m e d i s t a n ce a w a y fr o m S e e G r 6 8, 1 5 8
. . . .

A l w ay s t l i ou /i t , e t c I t b e i ng k e p t i n m i n d ( G r 3 78 ) th a t I m u s t b e
g . .

fre e fr o m s u s p i c i o n .
21 0 J VO TE S .

1 33 . H i n d r an ce s , i m p e d i m e n t s ; a te r m i n b o w l i ng
R u bs . S e e R i cli . .

ii i 4 4 a n d n o t e i n o u r e d
. .
,
1 97 . .

U nd e rgo , s u ffe r ( S c h m i d t ) C f T G of V v 4 1 2 6
”
1 3 6 E m br a ce
. . . . . . . .

T h u r i o , g iv e b a c k , o r e l s e e m b r ace thy d e a th .

1 3 7 R esol ve ou r sel ves

.

y C o m e t o a d e t e r m i n a ti o n , m a k e u p y o u r m i n d s
. .

Cf A a nd C i i i
. .
3 H en V] i 1 4 9 ; W 7 1 v 3 8 6 , e t c
. . . . . . . . . .

1 40 H u n t e r r e m a r k s th a t s u c h n e go ti a ti o n s w ith a s sas s i n s w e r e n o t
.

u n co m m o n i n t h e a ge o f E l i z a b e th A 11 i n s t a n ce h a d r e ce n tl y o cc u r r e d
L
.

i n t h e n e i g h b o u r h o o d o f S t r a t fo r d o d o w i c k G r e vi l e , w h o d w e l t a t S e .

s o n co t e , i n G l o u ce s t e r s hi r e a n d a t M i l co t e , i n W a r w i ck s hi r e , c o v e ti ng t h e
,

e s t a t e o f o n e W e b b , h i s t e n a n t , pl o tt e d t o m u r d e r h i m a n d g e t t h e e s t a t e

b y a fo rg e d w i l l T hi s w as s u c ce s s fu l ly acco m pl i s h e d b y t h e a i d o f t wo
.

s e r v a n t s w h o m G r e vi l e e n g a g e d t o d o t h e d e e d F e a r i ng d e t e c ti o n , o n e .

o f th e a s s a ss i n s a ft e r w a r d s m u r d e r e d h i s co m r a d e Th e b o d y w as fo u n d , .

a n d t h e i n v es ti g a t i o n l e d t o t h e a r r e s t a n d co n vi c ti o n o f G r e vi l e a n d h i s

s e r v a n t , t h e s u r vi vi ng m u r d e r e r G r e vi l e s t o o d m u t e a n d w a s p r e ss e d .
,

t o d e a th 011 No v e m b e r 1 4 1 5 8 9 T h e c i r c u m s t a n ce m u s t h a v e b e e n w e l l
, .

k n o w n t o S , a s t h e G re vi l e s w e r e a t th i s ti m e p a t r o n s o f t h e l i v i ng o f
.

S t r a t fo r d .

S C E E II N S a —5 Con ten t
s fa c o n a k e r e m ark s :
r
“
T s br ef ti ti Cl hi i
qy
. . . .

so l il o u ll
a o ws 1 1 5 t o s e e t h e d e e sea ed m se r o f t h e m u r d e r ess , t h e p t i y
p l h ly
r o fo u n d m e a n c o hi h
1 11 w c tl y t p
s h e i s s e c re s ee ed h il w e on the i n
t t th t
s an a she sees h er h lly
u sb a n d s h e c a n r a xt i
h e r fo r ce s , a ss u m e e e r o r
tit t h
fo r u d e , a n d r e s u m e h e r a cc u s o m e d a r d ne ss of m a nn e r , w it h h i h w c to
ti l t t l t ti
s m u a e h i m b y r e m o n s ra n ce a m o s a m o u n n g t o r e r o a c p h
q t
.

i
G e r ck e ( u o e d b y F u r n e s s ) s a s : y hi p
“
T s i h
ro fo u n d s g fr o m t h e
de pth s of a d ee pl y l
w o u n d e d s o u i s t h e k e y t o al l th t a tw e a f er w a r d s
h l
e a r a n d e ar n o f L y M thad a cb e pl i t
A co m a n h as b e e n u r ge d th t a be

fi t
.

twe e n h e r rs l t pp
a nd as a ti l i
e a r a n ce t h e c o n n e c ng i
n k , t h e b r d ge , i s

ti
w a n ng : l z er e, a nd on ly h t hi
e re , i s i ppl i
s b r d ge s u ed H e r e fo r a n i n .

t t v h
s a n w e o e r e a r h e r , a n d fr o m h e r o w n l ip l h t
s e arn w a p ih er r d e, h e r
l v
o e fo r M th v
a cb e il l
e en w tt
no t s u ffe r t o b e u l it
e r ed a o u d ;
, h t i s w a she
v l iv ly l
co n u s e t h t l t
o c k s i n h e r b re a s , a n d w a h t
a t as b r e a k s h e r ear hi T s .

h t
s or l l p p ti l p l i
m o n o o gu e i s t h e s o e r e ar a o n fo r t h e s e e w a k ng a n d t h e -

dea th o f t h e w o m a n ; h er d e a th l i t li i l
w o u d b e u n n e l g b e d i d we n o t e r e h
i i
s e e t h e b eg n n n g o f t h e e n d
”
.

9 S or r i es t
. ii
S e e 011 v
2 2 0 ab o e
. . . .

10 U s i ng
. Ch i hi er s n
g . S t s ugge s t e d “
Nu rsi ng a s a n e m e n d a o n,
. ti .

but as Sc h i t m d r e m a r kj s, S o i n s u sith
e
“
w t i t
t h e m os d ffe r e n n o u n s a l .

m os t p i ph ti l ly
er r as ca
”
.

1 1 I/Vi t l z ou t a l l r em edy
. y y
B e o nd a l l r e m e d or al l : an
. h i t
y (S c m d ) ,
a s i n l / n iv e
1. 1 1 ith t
3
“
w ou t
al l d o u b . . S on n 74 2 it h t w ou . .

a l l ba il ”
S e e G r 1 2 , 1 9 7 ; a n d fo r t h e m e as u r e , 4 6 8
. . .

13 S cotc/i d
.
’
li h v
T h e fo o s a e . h h
T e o m a d e t h e c a n ge . .

C f Co r
. iv 5 1 98
. . . .

1 6 F r a m e ( 7 t l z i ng s
. ii
C f 17 am 2 310 : hi ly
T s g o od
. fr a m e , t h e
. . . .

e a r th .

B ot/z t l i e w or l d s H e a v e n a n d e ar th C f 1 1 am i v 5 1 3 4 w h e re it
. . . . . .
,

m ea ns t hi s wor l d a nd t h e n e xt
“
.
21 2 NO TE S .

l i t
c o s e rs o f C o l l ege C am br i d ge h a v e fre q ue n tl y i m p r esse d o n
Q u ee n s
’

, ,

m e t h e s i ng u l a r p r o p r i e ty o f thi s o r i g i n a l e pi th e t
”
.

4 2 S /z a r d bo n e
. T h e o l d E ng l i s h n a m e o f t h e h o r n y w i ng c a s es o f
-
r .
-

t h e b ee tl e w a s l z a r d s C f A a n d C i ii 2 2 0 : T h e y a re h i s s h a r d s a n d “
s . . . . . .

h e t h e i r b e e tl e ( th a t i s th e y s e r v e as w i n gs for h i m ) Cy m b i i i 3 2 0 : ,
. . .

t h e s h a r d e d b e e tl e S t e e ve n s c it e s G o we r Conf A m
“ ”
. a d r a go n t h o , .
,

W h o s e s ch e r d e s s h i n e n a s t h e so n n e ( th a t i s h i s s ca l e s o r s ca l y w i ng s ) , , .

T h e 3 d a n d 4 t h fo l i o s h a v e s hard born a n d s o m e h a v e r e t a i n e d th a t
“ ”
,

r e a d i ng e xpl a i n i n t h e w o d as d u n g b or n Fo r t h e v a r i o u s m e a n r :
,
g .

i ngs o f l a r d a nd i t s d e r iv ati o n se e W b
s i , ,
.

44 N h i t y a n y d i s ti n c ti o n o r
“
ot e T h e w rd a
o s Sc m d s a s i s u se d fo r

L C 2 33
. .
, ,

e m i n e n ce Cf A W v 3 1 4 : O ffe n ce o f m i g h ty n o t e
” “
. . . . . . .

o f h o l i es t n o t e etc , .

4 5 Cl z n b
. A t e rm o f e n d e ar m e n t co r ru pt e d fr o m cl i cb
c . C f Otl z i i i ,
z . . . .

W h a t p r o m i se c h u c k ? a nd s e e 1 d i v 2 2 4 ; A a n d C i v 4 2 ; ”

H n V i ii 2 2 6 e t c
. . . . . . .
,

R H H i e ck e ( Sb a l espe e s M cbet /z er l a u ter t u n d g ew u r d ig t q u o t e d

. . . .
, .

’
e
. . ar z ,

b y F u r ne s s ) r e m a k s M u s t a l l t h e r e it e a t e d t e r m s o f e n d e a r m e n t i n
r :
“
r

t hi s s ce n e th e s e m a n i fo l d i n fl e cti o n s i n e v e r s o ft er m o d u l a t i o ns b e d e e m
, ,
~

e d m e a n i n gl e s s i n s u c h a p o e t a s S h ak e s p e a r e ? Of a l l t h e d e e pl y .

t ra g i c p as s ages o f thi s d a m a thi s i s t h e d e e p e s t U n i n ten ti on l ly a n d r , . a

i o ly t h e e h e r e b r e a th es fro m M a c b e t h s s o u l a n e c h o o f th a t
’
u n on
c sc us r

h a ppi e r ti m e w h e n t h e m u t u a l e s t e e m o f a h e ro i c p a i r w as acco m p a n i e d
b y t h e d e l i c a t e a tt e n ti o ns o f fi rs t l o v e A n d m o re o v e r thi s s t a t e o f fe e l .
, ,

i ng ( a t s u c h a m o m e n t a s thi s ) i s p s y c h o l o i ca l l y t r u e w h e n w e s e e t h e m
g
a s i n t h e d a y s o f fi rs t l o v e u n i t e d b
, ,

y t h e p osse ss i o n o f a co m m o n s e c r e t , .

B u t w h a t a s e c r e t i s i t th a t th e y n o w s h a r e ! T hi s i n v o l u n t a r y r e t u r n t o
t h e t o ne o f a h a ppi e r ti m e n o w a l a s v a n i s h e d— fo r t h a t e ar l y l o v e h a s
b e e n l o ng s i n ce o v e rgro w n i n e a c h b y a m b it i o n —b e co m e s i n t h e p h r a se s
, ,

w i th w hi c h h e u n fo l d s h i s p r e s e n t s i t u a ti o n t o h i s w i fe t h e m o s t c u tti ng
i r o n y J u s t as a m b i ti o n a t fi rs t n o t a l i e n t o e i t h e r o f th e p a i r b u t g ro w n
.
, ,

a t l as t b
y d e gr e e s t h e c o m pl e t e m a s t e r o f a l l o th e r s e n ti m e n t s h as c a u s e d ,

t h e i r l o v e fo r e a c h o th e r t o co o l u n ti l we s e e t h e m u n i t e d s o l e l y b y a
fi end i s h a ll i a nce i n p u r s u i t of a n a m b i ti o u s en d—s o h e re th i s l o ve g o wn ,

,
r

ol d w a s m u r d e ed i n t h e m u rd e r o f t h e k i n
c ,
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g a n d t h e t e n d e r n e ss i n t hi s ,

s ce n e i s n a u h t b u t a d i r e r i s i n
g g g u n c o ns c i o u s l y fr o m t h e s o u l o v e r t h e , ,

s e n ti m e n t s o f a n e ar l i e r ti m e
”
.

4 6 S e/i ng
. eB l i nd i ng ; a t e r m i n fa l c o n r y
. T o seel i s t o c l o s e t h e .

e y e l i d s p a r ti a l l y o r e n ti e l y b
y p a ss i ng a fi n e th r e ad th r o u g h th e m r t hi s ,

w as d o ne t h a wk s u n ti l th e y b e ca m e t r a c t a b l e ( Na re s ) C f Otl z i 3
o
”
. . . . .

2 70 a n d i i i 3 2 1 0 ; a l s o A a n d C i ii 1
. .
3 1 12 . . . . .

4 9 Ca n cel e t c
. Cf , i v 4 77 . C a nce l h i s b ond o f l i fe d e ar
. . . : ,

G o d I p ra y
, a n d Cy m b v 4 2 7 . . .

t k th i l if “
a e s e.
A d l h ld b d n can c e t e se co on s .

nd C 1
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. z Cf A 3 27 s . . . a . 1 . .

b t th g i t t h dd : t h y l t thi k ’

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H e

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 A C T [1 1 S CE NE 111 21
3
. .

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“
fl
fo r t h e a i r G i n s t o thi c k e n ; a n d M a l o n e a d d s S p e n se r ,
“
B u t s e e , t h e w e l k i rr th i c k s a p a c e .

P oo l e It w l d s e e m n a t u r a l t o i n t e r p r e t t hi s a s = r o o k h a u n t e d ,
5 1 y ou

q y
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. .

fre u e n t e d by ro o k s o r c r o ws Mi t fo rd s ay s T h e p a ss age s i m pl m e a ns,

fl
.

t h e ro o k h a s t e ns i t s e v e n i ng i g h t t o t h e woo d w h e re i t s fe l l o ws a r e
‘

l
a re a d y a ss e m bl e c ; a d
n C l a r k e r e m a r ks “
T h e v e r y e p ith e t r oo ky
y
.

a pp e a r s t o u s t o c a w w i t h t h e s o u n d o f m a n b e d w a r d r o o k s b u s tl i ng
a n d c r o a k i n g t o t h e i r se v e ra l r o o s t s B u t th i s d o es n o t s a ti s fy ce r t a i n .

e d i t o rs , w h o h a v e fo u n d a n o l d wo r d roby m e a n i ng m i s ty S o Ed wa r d s .

( Ca n on s of Cr i t i ci s m , S t ee ve ns , a n d t h e C P e d e xpl a i n i t a s . . .

d a m p , m i s ty , fogg y , g l o o m y , e t c .

5 2 S e e e xt r a c t fr o m D o wd en, p 3 9 ab o ve
. D r owse i s u se d by S on l y . . .

h e re a n d 1 11 1 H en I V ri i 2 8 1 . . . . .

5 3 W/i i l es ” S e e 0 11 i i 1 6 0
. . F o r t h e pl u r a l pr ey s ( p e r h a p s
. . th e i r
.

s e v e ra l p r e y s ) cf i i i 1 1 2 1 a n d v 8 6 1 . R ou se i s u s e d i nt ra ns itiv e l y b y
. . . . .

S o n l y h e r e a n d 1 11 v 5 1 2
. . . .

T h e C P e d i t o r s t hi nk th a t th i s co u pl e t re ad s l i k e a n i n t e r
“
. .

po l a t i o n
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.

5 6 Go w i t /z m e D e l i u s t a k e s t hi s t o m e a n A i d m e , o r l et m e u i e t
y
. .

l y ca r r y o u t m y pl a n , a n d co m p a r es L ea r , i 1 1 0 7 : B u t go e s th h e ar t
“
. .

w i t h th i s ? ”
M o b e r ly e xpl a i n s i t ,
“
U nd e r s t a n d w h a t m y m e an i ng i s .

S c h m i d t g i v e s e x a m pl e s o f g o w i t /z :—agr ee , acco r d , as H a m i 2 1 5 , i 3 . . . . .

2 8, i . L ea r , i v 7 5 , e t c . .

N
S C E E III — S o m e c r i ti cs h a ve th ou g ht t h a t t h e 3 d M u rd e re r w as
.

M a cb e t h h i m s e l f i n d i s gu i se S ee F ur ne s s p 1 60, an d Notes a n d Q u er i es .
, .

fo r S e pt 1 1 , O c t 2 , No v 1 3 , a n d D ec 4 , 1 8 6 9
. . . . .

2 . H e n eed s n ot ou r m i s t r u st , e t c W e m ay t r us t h i m , fo r M a cbe t h .

h as e v i d e n tly t o l d h i m a l l we h a v e t o d o M a c b e t h s u n e a s i ne s s m a k e s
’
.

h i m r e i n fo r ce t h e p a r ty w i t h a c l e v e r e r h a nd ( M o be r ly )
”
S e e G r 3 08 ; . .

a n d 0 11 t o i n l i n e 4 , G r 1 8 7
L
. .

6 . a te d B el ated
. U s e d b y S o n ly h e r e an d i n A a n d C ii i 1 1 3
. . . . . .

I am so l a t e d i n t e wor l d
”
h G r 2 90 . . .

7 To g a i n t/z e t i m ely i n n
. P r o b a b ly , t o ga i n t h e i n n b e ti m e s . T he .

C P e d p re fe rs t o m a k e ti m ely I we l co m e , o pp o r t u ne a nd S c h m i d t
. . .

e xpl a i n s i t , e a r l y , so o n a tt a i n e d .

10 l . e n ote o f ex pecta t i on T h e l i s t o f e xp e c t e d g u es t s U nd e r n ote . .

l i s t , S c h m i d t c i te s a l s o M IV i v 2 64 ; T ( 7 S i 2 1 4 5 , e t c
q
. . . . . . . .

1 1 H i s l z or ses
. H o r n ( u o t e d b y F u r n e ss ) s a y s :
. S , w h o d ar e d d o .

a l l th a t p o e t e ve r d a r e d , n e v e r th e l e s s d i d n o t d a r e t o b r i n g u p o n t h e

s t a ge — a l z or se A n d v e r y p ro p e r l y ; fo r t h e r e w h e re n o b l e p o e t s r e p r e
.

s e n t t h e w o r l d s hi s t r y u p the b d s t h a t i m i t a t e t h e Wo r l d , th e r e
’ ‘ ’
o o n o a r

1 1 0 b ru t e s s h o u l d b e a l l o we d B u t i n t h e p re s en t s ce n e i t i s h a r d t o a v o i d
fi
.

i n t rod u c i ng a h o rs e , a n d t h e p o e t h as t o ob vi a t e t h e d i f c u l ty i n fo u r a l
fi
m o s t i n s i g n i c a n t l i ne s , i n o r d e r t o a c c o u n t fo r t h e a bs e n ce o f t h e s t e e d s
'

It i s a ft e r a l l u n d o u b t e d ly b e tt e r n o t t o s h r i n k fr o m t wo o r t h r ee s u c h
t r i vi a l l i ne s th a n t o h a v e a h orse co m e c l a tt e r i ng 011 t h e s t age .

14 E n te r F l ea nce w i t /z a t or cb
. H e re ag a i n , a s C o l l n o t e s , Fl e a n c e . .
2 1 4
NO TE S .

ca r r e s t h e i t o r c h t o l i ght h i s fa th e r . T he “
Se r v a n t
”
of m an ym odern

eds . is an i nt e r p o l a ti o n S e e o n i i 1 . . . 1 .

SC E N IV
A t fi r st A n d l a st
E .
—1
P r o b a b l y = o n ce fo r al l
. S ch m i d t . .

e xpl a i ns i t fr o m t h e b e gi n n i ng t o t h e e nd , a n d c o m p a r e s 1 H en VI
“

fi
. .

v 5 1 02
. . J h
o n so n w o u d . l r ea d “
to r s t A n d l as t t h a t i s , t o al l , o f
w h a t e v e r d e gr ee , fr o m t h e hi g h es t t o t h e l o w e s t
”
.

3 O u r self
. S e e 011 i i i 1 4 2 . . . .

5 H er s ta te
.
“
H e r c h a i r o f s t a t e a t t h e h e a d o f th e t a b l e
.
( S t e e ve n s ) .

C f T IV ii 5 5 0 :
. . S i tti ng i n o ur s t a t e
. . . 1 H en I V i i 4 4 1 5 T hi s . . . .

ch a i r s h al l b e m y s t a t e Cor v 4 2 2 H e s i t s i n h i s s t at e , e tc
”
. . . .

U s e d by S o n l y h e r e , t h o u g h h e o ft e n h a s
“
In bes t t i m e . i n go o d .

ti m e .

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“
6 R equ i r e
y
. . .

C f H en VIII i i 4 1 44
. . In h u m b l es t m anne r I r e q u i re o u r hi g h ne ss ;
. . .

A and C i i i 1 2 1 2
. . . .

L o rd of h i s fo r t l t th
u ne s he sa u es ee ,
And r e q u i re s t l v o E gyp t t
r e rn
”
, e c .

8 Spea bs S ay s C f Gl b v 2 3 2 7 a nd i v 3 1 54 b e l o w
L
. .
. . . . .
, . . .

1 1 ge . ar . U nr e s t ra i ne d 93 l a r ge ( Sc h m i d t ) C f A a n d C i i i 6 . . . . . .
“

In h i s a b o m i na ti o n s
”
.

A n on M a cbe t h h as j us t ca u ght s i gh t o f t h e m ur d e re r s t a nd i ng a t t h e
.

d o o r , a nd w i s h e s t o d i s m i s s h i m b e fo r e p l e d g i ng t h e m eas u re ( D e l i u s) .

O n m ea su r e, c f Gl b 1 1 3 3 1 . . . . .

T i s be tt e r t h a t t h e b l o o d s h o u l d b e 011 thy face

’ ’
14 T i s bett er , e t c
y
. .

th a n i n h i s b o d y ; o r i t m ay p oss i b l m e a n , “ i t i s b e t t e r th a t hi s b l o od
we re o n thy fa ce t h a n h e i n th i s r o o m ( J o h ns o n ) H u n t e r b e l i e v e s th a t .

t h e w o r d s a r e u tt e re d as i d e , a n d m e a n th a t , h o rr i b l e a s i t i s , t h u s i n t h e
nri d s t o f t h e fe as t , t o b e h o l d t h e a s s a s s i n o f h i s fr i e n d j u s t w i th o u t t h e
d o o r , i t i s s til l b e tt e r th a n th a t B a n u o hi m s e l f s h o u l d b e a l i v e a nd w i th ~ q
i n t h e h a l l a g u e s t a t th i s e n t e r t a i n m e n t
”
If we a c ce pt t h e r s t e x pl a . fi
n a ti o n , b e w i t b i n w ithi n b i m C f A a n d C i ii 1 3 9 8 S o s a u c y w i th
S e e o th e r e x a m pl e s i n G r 2 06 —
. . . . . .

t h e h a nd o f s h e h e r e
”
21 4
fi
. . .

19 Nonpa r ei l S a l w a y s u ses t h e d e n i t e a r ti c l e w i th thi s wo r d , e x

. . .

ce pt i n Tem p i i i 2 1 08 ( D e l i u s ) . . . .

2 0 S cap d
’
. No t a s o ft e n p r i n t e d
. T h e w o r d i s fo u n d i n .

p r o s e a s i n B aco n, A d v of L i i 1 4 9 s u c h as h a d s ca p e d s hip w re c k
"
. . . . .

S u s e s i t m u c h o ft e n e r t h a n esca pe Cf Wb
q
. . . .

23 Ca s i ng S u rr o u n d i ng M ob e r l y u o t e s Otb ii i 3 464 : Y o u e l e
. . . . . .

m e n t s th a t c l ip u s r o u nd a b o u t ”

fi
.

25 S a u cy d ou bts a n d f ea r s
. H i s fe l l o w p r i s o n e r s i n th i s c o n n e m e n t .
-

( D e l i us ) S c h m i d t e xpl a i ns s a u cy h e r e a s u nb o u n d e d , e xt ra v a g a n t ,
“ ”
.

a n d c o n s i d e rs t h e p as s a g e 21 v e r y e xp r e ss i v e o xy m o ro n Th e C P
“ ”

L
. . .

e d m ak e s. sa u cy
“
i l e t , i p o r t u n a t e , l i k e t h e a ti n mp r oba
n so n m i s
’
.

C f Ot b i .
7 C i 3 1 2 , e tc
. . . . . . .

2 7 Tr en c b ed ga s b es
. C f V a n d A 1 05 2 . . . .

t h e w i d e wo u nd t ht a the b o ar h ad t r ench d
’

In h i s so f t fl an k :
”
21 6 NO TE S .

it ; b u t , a s S r r e m a rk s , [Way I s e e m s t o i m ply h e re a w i s h
. I hope I
m a y r a t li e r h a v e t o a ccu s e h i m , e t c ) th a n a n a s s e r ti o n
fi
. .

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.

b e co m e s v i s i b l e t o M a cb e th H e h a d b e e n a b o u t t o t a k e h i s s e a t acc o rd
L
.

i ng t o t h e i n v it a ti o n o f e n n o x , b u t n o w, fu l l o f h o r r o r , i ns t e ad o f d o i ng
s o , h e s t a r t s b a c k , w h i ch l e a d s t o t h e i n v i t a ti o n o f R o ss
q
.

S o m e cr i ti c s h a v e t h o u g ht th a t i t i s D u n can s g h os t , n o t B a n u o s , th a t
’ ’

fi rs t a pp e a r s It i s s a i d th a t l i n e s 7 1 —
.
73 c a nn o t a ppl y t o B a n u o , w h o q
h a d n o t b e e n b u r i e d ; b u t t h e s a m e o bj e c ti o n m a y b e m a d e t o t h e w o rd s ,
thy b o n e s a re rn a r ro w l e s s a d d r e s s e d t o t h e sec o n d g h o s t T h ese .

a r e s i m pl y M a cb e t h s v i v i d e xp r es s i o n o f t h e ge n e r a l i d e a o f c o m i n g b a c k
’

fr o m t h e d e a d a n d m u s t n o t b e t a k e n l it e r a l ly M a cb e th was thi n k i ng
q
. .

a n d s p e a k i n g o f B a n u o , a n d i t i s b o t h n a t u ra l a n d d r a m a ti ca ll y p ro p e r

t h a t h i s g h os t, i f a ny, s h o u l d r i se a t t h e m e n ti o n o f h i s n a m e ; a nd t h e
s e c o nd a pp e a r a n ce rs i n r e s p o n s e t o M a c b e th s r e n e w e d r e fe r e n c e t o h i m
’

fi
.

1 h i s v i e w i s co n r m e d by D r F o r m a n s t e s ti m o n y (s e e p 1 0, fo o t n o t e )
' ’

q
. . .

F o r a n a b s t ra c t o f t h e a rg u m e n t s 011 b o th s i d e s o f thi s u es t i on , s ee

F u r n e ss s IrI acbet /z pp 1 6 7—1 72

’

q
.
, .

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s h o u l d b e r e p r e s e n t e d 0 11 t h e s t a g e E v e n i f t h e g h o s t i s a n o bj e c ti v e
.

r e a l ity , a n d n o t a m e r e h a l l u c i n a ti o n , l i k e t h e it i s
“ ”
a i r d r a w n d a gg e r , -

e v i d e n t th a t 11 0 o n e s e es i t b ri t M ac b e t h a n d , a s F l e t c h e r r e m a rk s , i t

se e m s a n o u t r a ge t o o u r s e n se s t h a t t h e a pp a r iti o n s h o u l d b e v i s i b l e
“
to
u s , t h e d i s t a n t a u d i e n ce , w h e n h e i s i n vi s i b l e t o e v e r y o n e o f t h e
g u e st s
w h o c r o w d t h e t a b l e a t w hi c h h e s e a t s hi m se l f i n t h e o n l y v aca n t c h a i r
”
.

B u t i s t h e g h o s t o bj e c tiv e o r s u bj e c tiv e ? H e r e t o o t h e c r i ti cs a r e a t
Dr u ck n i l l ( M i d F ol b o S p 2 7) sa y s : M a c be t h a t thi s j u n c
“
o dd s B
. .
f . .

t u r e i s i n a s t a t e o f m i nd c l os e l y bo rd e r i ng u p o n d i s e a s e , i f h e h a v e n o t
ac t ua l ly p asse d t h e l i m i t H e i s h a l l u c i na t e d , a nd h e b e l i e v e s i n t h e h a l
.

l u ci n a t i o n
_
T h e r e a l ity o f t h e a i r d ra w n d agge r h e d i d n o t b e l i e ve i n,
.
-

b u t r e fe r re d i t s ph e n o m e n a t o t h e i r p r o p e r s o u r ce B e t we e n t h a t t i m e
q y
.

a n d t h e a pp e a r a n ce o f B a n u o t h e s t a b il it o f M a cbe t h s r e a s o n h a d nu
’

d e rgo n e a fe a r fu l o r d ea l In t h e p o i n t o f v i e w o f p s y c h o l o gi c a l c r i t i
.

ci s m , t h e fea r o f hi s w i fe i n 1 1 2 3 3 , 3 4 a pp e a r s 0 1 1 t h e e ve o f b e i n g fu l fil l
. .

e d b y t h e m a n , w h e n t o s l e e pl e s s n i g ht s , a n d d a y s o f b r o o d i ng m e l a n c h o l y

y
.

i s a d d ed th a t u n d e n i ab l e i n d i c a ti o n o f i n s a n i t , a c r e d i t e d h a l l u c i n a
t ion M a cb e th , h o we v e r, s a v e d h i m s e l f fro rrr a c t u a l i ns a n it b y r u s hi ng y
fr o m t h e m ad d e n i ng h o r r o rs o f m e d it a ti o n i n t o a c o u rs e o f d e c i s i v e , r es
o l u t e a c ti o n F r o m h e n ce fo r t h h e ga v e h i m s e l f 11 0 ti m e t o r e e c t ; h e
. fl
m ad e t h e fi rs t l i ngs o f h i s h e a r t t h e fi rs t l i ngs o f h i s h a nd ; h e b e ca m e a
fe a u l ty r n t ; b u t h e e s c a p e d m a d n e ss
”
r f a

q
.

R ot s c h e r ( D i e A u n st d er d r a m a t i scb en D a r stel l u ng , u o t e d b y F u r n e ss )
’

re m a r k s
’
q
Th e a pp e a ra nc e o f B a n u o s g h o s t i s t h e d i re c t r es u l t o f
M a cb e th s s t a t e o f m i n d ; t h e g h o s t i s th e re fo re v i s i b l e o nl y t o h i m
’

E v e rythi n g a ro u n d a nd a b o u t M a c b e th i s , fo r M ac b e th , a s th o u g h i t w e r e

M rs S i dd o n s h ad
. i d ea an
a ad th t L y
M acb e be e d t h e s e c th hl p t th t h
r e , a nd a e r se lf
co n r o t l a nd p
re se n ce o f m i n d e n a b e d h e r t o a l
e ar u n c o ns c i o u s o f pp th g h tl y p
e os r e se n c e
J
M rs a m e s o n re m ar k s , th l
i s w o u d b e s u e r um a n, a nd n e i p h th t h h t
t xt
but , as . er e c a rac e r n o t
the e b e a rs o u t t h e s u pos i i on p t .
 AC T 1 1 1 S CE NE IV 2 1 7
. .

not t he
“

i ns t a n t th a t B an q g h o s t r i se s , h e i s co m pl e t e l y t ra ns p o r t e d
’
uo s

o u t o f h rm s e l f, a n d i s e n ros s e d s o l e l y w i t h t h e c r e a t ur e s o f hi s b r a i n
g .

T h e d i ffi c u l t t as k w hi c h t h e a c t o r h a s b e fo re h i m , w h e n p o r t r a y i ng t h e
e ffe c t u p o n M a cb e th o f th i s a pp a r i ti o n , i s t o m a k e u s fe e l i n e v e r y s p e e c h

a d d r e ss e d t o t h e g h o s t th a t m e n t a l h o r r o r o f t h e s o u l , th a t d e m o n i ac a l

t e r ro r o f t h e m i nd , w hi c h co m m u n i ca t e s i t se l f w i th i rr e s i s ti b l e p o we r t o
e v e r y e x p r e ss i o n o f t h e fac e a n d v o i c e . T h e m o r e co n s c i o us M a cb e t h
b e co m es o f thi s i r re s i s ti b l e p o we r , b y t h e re a pp e a r a nce o f t h e g h o s t , t h e
m o re h o rro r s t r i c k e n d o e s h e gr o w, u n ti l a t l as t h e i s c o m pl e t e l y u n
-
°

m a nne d . T h e gra d u a l l y i ncre a s rng e ffe c t o f t hi s a pp a r iti o n d e p e nd s ,

th e re fo re , u p o n t h e p o we r t h e a ct o r h a s o f u n fo l d i ng t h e m e n t a l d i s t r ae
ti o n, t h e gr o w i ng d i s co r d , i n t h e s o u l o f M a cb e t h M os t a c t o rs e nd e a v o u r
.

t o p o r t ra y t hi s c l i m a x b y m e re phy s i ca l s t re ng t h o f v o i ce , b y s t r ugg l i ng
a s i t w e r e t o m a k e a m o r e p o we r fu l i m p r e ss i o n u p o n t h e g h o s t , w h e r e as

t h e m e n t a l h o rr o r a t t h e s i g h t o f a n a pp a r iti o n c a n o n l y b e m a d e t r u l y
m a n i fe s t b y t h e i n t e n se s t r e ng th o f a t e r r o r w hi c h o ne s t r i v e s t o r e p re s s .

It i s n o t t h e h e i g ht e n e d v o i ce o f p ass i o n , gr o w i ng e v e r l o u d e r a n d l o u d
e r , b u t t h e t r e m b l i ng t o n e s a l m os t s i n k i ng t o a w hi s p e r , th a t ca n g i v e u s
t h e t r u e pi ct u r e o f t h e p o we r o f th e a pp a r i ti o n i n t hi s s c e n e . It i s M a c
b e th s va i n s t r u gg l e t o co m m a nd hi m se l f, a nd t h e d a r k fo rc e s c o ns t a n tl y
’

b u rs ti ng fo r t h w i t h i n cr e a s i ng p o we r fro m h i s i n t e r na l c o ns c i o u s ne ss ,
t h a t we wan t t o s e e p o r t ra y e d b y t h e r e ve l a ti o n o f h i s m e n t a l e xh au s ti o n,
a nd b
y h i s c o n t r o l o ve r fa ce a nd vo i c e , we a k e ne d by m e n t a l t e r r o r .

T h u s a l o n e ca n thi s sc e n e b e p r o d u ce d a s i t w a s i n t h e m i n d o f t h e p o e t ;
a ss u r e d l o n e o f t h e g r e a t e s t t a s k s e v e r se t b e fo re a n a c t o r
y
.

A M e z i er e s (S b a l eespea r e, s es q
. r es et s es Cr i t i u es, a l so q u o t e d b
q y
F u r n e s s ) s a y s 0 11 t hi s p o i n t If t h e c o n t e m p o ra r i e s o f S h a k e s p e a r e b e
l i e ve d i n w i t c h e s, t h e y a l so b e l i e v e d i n s p e c t r e s , a n d g h o s t s p e r m i t t e d t o
q u i t t h e i r a b o d e o f d a r k n e s s t o r e vi s i t th i s u pp e r w o r l d . B ut th e p oe t
i n t r o d u ce s s pi r i t s o f a d i ffe r e n t so r t i n fI am l et a nd i lda cbetb , w h e n h e r e
q
s u s c i t a t e s B a n u o a n d t h e Ki n g o f D e n m a r k . A re we t o b e l i e v e , as h as
b e e n a ss e r t e d , th a t th e se s h a d o ws a r e m e re ph a n t o m s o f t h e b r a i n , a p
p e a r i ng o n l y t o m e n o f v iv i d i m a gi na t i o n P U n d o u b t e d ly B a n u o s h o ws q
h i m s e l f o n l y t o M a cb e th , a n d r e m a i ns i n v i s i b l e t o t h e gu e s t s a t t a b l e ;
a nd G e r t r u d e d o e s n o t s e e t h e s pi r i t o f h e r d e a d h u s b a n d a t t h e m o m e n t

h e i s v i s i b l e t o th e i r s o n B u t t h e k i ng s g h o s t w a l k e d i n s i gh t o f t h e
’
.

s e n t r i es 0 11 t h e r a m p a r t s o f E l s i n o r e , b e fo re a c c o s ti ng H a m l e t . S o fa r i s
i t fro m t h e p o e t ’ s i n t e n ti o n t o l e a v e i n t h e v a g u e r e a l m o f d re a m s t h e
p h a n t o m s h e e v o k e s th a t h e i s ca re fu l t o c l o th e t h e m w ith ga r m e nt s
a n d w i t h a l l t h e e xt e r n a l p e c u l i a r i ti e s o f l i fe ; h e g i v e s g a s h es t o o n e , a n d

t o t h e o t h e r h i s v e r y a r m o u r , h i s s a b l e s i lv e r e d b e a r d , h i s m aj e s ty a n d
-

m e as u re d S p e e c h H e r e i n l i e s t h e o r i gi na l ity o f t h es e a pp a r i ti o ns
. P os
.

s e ss i ng i n t r u t h o n l y a co n v e n ti o n a l e x i s t e n ce , t h e m a g i c w a n d o f t h e
p o e t th a t i n v o k e d t h e m h a s b e s t o we d 0 11 th e m a n a pp e ar a nce o f l iv i ng
r e a l i ty.
fi
T h e y pl a y t h e s a m e p a r t t h a t t h e t r a d rt ro n a l d r e a m l l e d i n o u r
c l ass i c t ra ge d y , b rrt th e y pl a y i t W i th a l l t h e a d v a n t a ge o f ac ti o n o v e r r e

c i ta l Ins t e a d , l i k e A t h a l i e , o f b e h o l d i ng a n i m a g i n a r y v i s i o n , M ac b e th
y
.

a n d H a m l e t s e e w i t h th e i r b o d il e y e s , t h e o n e h i s v i c t i m s , t h e o th e r h i s

fa t h e r, a nd th e s e g h os t s a c t m o re p o we r fu lly u p o n th e m th a n a ny m e r e
21 3 NO TE S .

d r e a m p o ss i b l y co u ld S h ak e s p e are , fa r b o l d e r
th a n o u r p o e t s b r i ngs
e y e s o f t h e s p e c t a t o r t h o se s p e r n a t u r a l fi g r e s w hi c h
.
,

b e fo r e t h e v e ry u u

o u r s t a e c o n t e n t s i t s e l f w i th d e pi c ti n
g g o n l y t o t h e fa n c y w ith o u t p r o ,

d u c i ng t h e m t o t h e s i g ht
”
.

5 0 Tb on ca n st n t s y I d i d i t T h i s i s c it e d b y W a nd o th e rs a s
o a

p ro v i ng t h a t t h e g h o s t w a s B a n q u o s K r e m ar k s
. . .

If i t b e D u n ca n s
’ ’
. . :

g h os t w e m us t r e a d T h o u ca n s t n o t say I d i d i t
’
.
,

5 5 Up n a t b g b t
. o U se d by S o n l y h e r e ou It i s w it h a t h o u ght
. . .
:
,

whi c h o cc u rs i n Tem p i v 1 6 4 7 C v 3 1 9 A a n d C i v 1 4 9 1 H e n
fly l i k e th o ught ; L L L
. . . . . . . . .
. .
, , , .

I V i i 4 24 1 e t c C f A 7 /z n i v 2 1 75 :
’

. . .
, . . . o , . . . . .

i v 3 330 a s s w i ft as th o u g ht
“
etc
”

P r o l o ng t h e fi t
. .
, .

5 7 E x ten d b i s p a ss i on
. P a ss i on i s u se d b y S o f . . .

y v i o l e n t co m m o ti o n o f t h e m i n d ( S ch m i d t )
”
an Cf iv 3 1 14 On . . . . .

sb l l s e e G r 3 1 5
a , a n d 0 11 t h e m e as u r e o f t h e n e xt l i n e G r 4 5 3
.
, . .

60 O p r ope s tufi
. Ir o n i c a l a n d co n t e m p t u o u s
r P oper ( = fi n e p r e t . r ,

t y e t c ) i s o ft e n s o u s e d C f 2 H en VI i 1 1 3 2 A p ro p e r j e s t a n d “
, . . . . . . . : ,

n e v e r h e a r d b e fo r e H e n VIII i A p r o p e r ti tl e o f a p e a ce “

A p r o p e r s q i re !
. . .

M /i A d i 3 5 4 : On t m j c f Temp i i 1 2 5 4
” ”
ac o, . . u s z ,
. . . .

W h a t s t u fl i s t hi s ? 2 H n I V i i 4 2 1 4 H e r e s go o d l y s t ff t o
~
“ ” “ ’
-
e . . . . : u

w a rd e tc .

63 F l a ws It i s o f c o u rse fl a w z g u s t o f w i nd , th a t i s h e r e u se d fi g
fl
. .

y ; a s i n l ll f o r M i i 3 1 1 a w s o f h e r o wn y o u th ,
”
u r a t i ve l
“
th e e tc . . . .

6 4 Imp os t or s t o t r u e f ea r
. Im p o s t o r s w h e n c o m p ar ed w i th t r u e .

fe a r ( M as o n ) Se e G r 1 8 7
q
. . .

65 T he C P ed
. u otes W T i i . . . . .

A sad t l a e
’
b e s fo r w i n
s t t er : I hv a e on e
Of S r i p t .

es a n d g ob i n s
”
l .

6 6 A u tb or i z d by
.
’
. G i ven ou the au th o r i ty of . Cf . L . C . 1 04 : H is
r u d e n e ss so w i t h h i s y o u th A u th o r i z i ng
_

“
a u t h o ri z a nd 35 6
’

d S on n . . :

t hy t re s p as s w ith c o m p a re ”
S u s es t h e w o rd i n . . th e s e th r e e pl a ces o nly ,
a n d i n a l l w i th t h e a cc e n t 011 t h e s e c o n d s yll ab l e . S e e G r 49 1 . .

73 S t e e ve ns c o m p ar e s S p e ns e r, E Q i i 8 , 1 6
. . . .

Wh t h
B u t be
a e rce o r s ee d
t
e n o m be d v
t
in th e
( sa i d
ra
h e)
e n or t h e
s h ld ou he ha
k ig ht
v e d ig ht ,

Th e t
d i re cti o n
s age , w hi c h i s r e q u i re d by t h e co n
, G h o s t va n i s h e s ”

t e xt , w a s i n se r t e d b y R ow e .

7 6 H u m a n I t i s
“
h a e n t h e fo l i os, i n wh i ch t e m o d e n h u
u m n i h r
“

fi
. .

m a n i s n o w h e r e fo u n d ( S c h m i d t ) T h e a cc e n t i s a l w a y s 011 t h e r s t .

s yll a b l e , n o t e x c e pti n
g ( s a y s S c h m i d t ) W T i i i 2 1 66 In M il t o n , t h e . . . . .

m o d e r n d i s ti nc ti o n , i n m e a n i ng a n d a cce n t b e t we e n b a m a n e a n d b u m a n ,

r e co n i z e d A s t h e C P e d r e m ar k s , th e re a r e s o m e p ass a ges i n S
g
fi
. . . . .

w h e r e i t i s d i f c u l t t o d e t e r m i n e w h i c h o f t h e t w o s e n s e s b e s t fi ts t h e
wo rd i nd e e d b o th m i g ht b e b l e nd e d i n t h e m i nd o f t h e wr i t e r .

Ge n tl e i s p r o l e pti c Cf i 6 3 . . . . .

8 0 Tb er e a n en d C f It i el i II v 1 6 9
’
. . . . . . . .

8 1 M or ta l S e e 011 i 5 3 9 ; a n d c f i v 3 3
L
. . . . . . . .

8 4 L a cb . M i ss ; as i n Cor i v 1 1 5 , A Y i v 1 1 82 , A a n d C 1 1 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 72 , e t c .
2 20 NO TE S .

ro s
’ “
h ab i t a t e l a x e S t e e ve ns thi n k s th a t i n b a bi t m ay m e a n s t ay
“

w i thi n d o o r s , a n d c i t e s A Y
”
i ii 3 1 0 : O k n o wl ed ge , il l i n h ab i t e d
. . L . . .
-

w o r s e th a n J o v e i n a t h a t c h e d h o u s e 1 ( t h a t i s , i l l l o d ge d )
” -
.

Tb c ba by of a gi r l W a l k e r, D , W , M o b e r ly , S c h m i d t , a nd
. . .

o th e r s m a k e ba by — d ol l t h e C P e d e xpl a i n s i t a s
“
i nfa n t t h e o th e r . . . .

m e a n i ng n o t b e i ng fo u n d e l s e w h e re i n S It o c c urs , h o w e ve r , i n S i d n e y , .

J o ns o n , a nd o th e r w r it e rs o f t h e ti m e W a l k e r q u o t e s S i d n e y , A r ca d i a : .

y o u ng ba b e s thi nk b ab i e s o f wo nd ro u s e x ce l l e n cy , a nd ye t t h e b a b i e s
a re b u t b a b i e s S wee t b a b es nrus t b ab i es
“
a n d A s t r op b el a n d S t el l a :
h a v e , b u t s h r e wd gi rl s m us t b e b e a t e n ”
.

1 07 M oc/ . ee r
y
“
M i m i cry , d e l us iv e i m it a ti o n ( Sc h m i d t ) C f R i el i
. . . .

II i v 1 2 6 0, a n d H e n V i v p r o l 5 3
. . . . . . . .

D i spl a c d B an i s h ed Sch m i d t ) 0 11 br ob e, s e e G r 3 43
’
1 09 .
(
. . . .

1 1 0 Adm i r d T o b e w o n d e re d a t , S t ra nge ; i f i t b e n o t u s e d i ro n
’
.
.

i c a l l y z a d m i ra b l e .

1 1 1 Over com e S p r e ad o v e r, o v e rs h a d o w F a r m e r q u o t e s S p e n s e r,
q
. . .

F O i i i 7, 4 : Al l co ve r d w i th t hi c k w o o d e s t h a t u it e i t o v e r ca m e
”
. . . .

1 1 2 , 1 1 3 You m a be m e s t r a ng e, e t c
. Y o u r e nd e r m e a s t r a nge r t o , o r .

fo r ge t fu l o f, t h e b r a v e d i s p o s i ti o n w h i c h I k no w I p o s s e s s , a n d m a k e m e
y
fa nc m y s e l f a co w a r d , w h e n I p e r ce i v e th a t I a m t e r r i e d b y a s i g h t th a t fi
h as n o t i n t h e l e as t a l a r m e d y o u ( M a l o ne ) S o S c h m i d t m a k e s d i sposi
”
.

t i on h e r e : n a t u r a l co ns ti t u ti o n o f t h e m i nd T he C P ed tak e s i t to
L
. . . .

m ean “
t e m p o ra ry m o o d , as i n ea r , i 4 2 4 1 , a nd fI am i 5 1 72 , a nd
”
. . . . .

ad ds T h e ge n e ra l s e n se o f t h e p r e s e n t p as sage m a y t h e r e fo r e b e th u s
e xp r e ss e d : Y o u m a k e m e a s t r a n ge r e v e n t o m y o w n fe e l i ngs u n a b l e ,

t o c o m p r e h e nd t h e m o ti v e o f m H e i s n o t a dd r ess i ng h i s w i fe
’

y fe a r
y
.

a l o n e , b u t t h e w h o l e co m p a n y H e i s p a r t i c u l a r l s t agger e d by t h e fa c t.

th a t e v e r y o ne e x ce pt hi m se l f i s u nm o v e d .

Fo r ow e z o w n , p o s s e s s, s e e i 3 76 i 4 1 0, e t c . .
, . . .

1 1 6 M i ne . P o s s i b l y , a s s o m e e xpl a i n i t , r e fe r r i ng t o r u by , no t t o
.

cb eeb s ; b u t S d i d n o t a l w a y s t r o u b l e hi m se l f t o m a k e h i s p r o n o u n s a gr e e
.

i n n u m b e r w i th t h e i r a n t e ce d e n t s H e v e r y o ft e n h a s a s i ngu l a r r el a t i ve .

( o r a t l e as t o n e u s e d a s t h e s u bj e c t o f a s i ng u l a r v e r b ) w it h a pl u ra l a n t e
ce d e n t ; a s i n Cy m b i 6 1 1 7 : y o u r gr a ce s th a t c h arm s S ee m an y
“ ”
. . . .

o th e r e x am pl es i n G r 2 4 7 W , fo l l o w i ng H a n m e r a n d J o h ns o n , r e a d s
. . .

c h ee k , S , w h e n h e m a k e s t h e c h e e k a s i gn , o r e xp o ne n t , o r
“ ”
b e ca u se .

typ e , u es t h e wo r d i n e s i ngu l a r n u m b e r
s t h B ut see v 3 1 6 : “
th o s e . . .

l i ne n ch e c k s o f t hi n e ; 1 H en I V i i 3 4 7 : W h y h as t t h o u l o s t t h e . . . .

fr e s h b l oo d i n t hy c h e e k s T A i i i 2 38 : h e r s o r ro w , m e s h d u p o n
P ” “ ’

y
. . . .

her chee ks K 7 o b n , i i 1 2 2 5 : T o s a v e u n s c ra t c h d o u r c i t y s
“ ’ ’

. .

h d ch e ek s ; R i eb II ii i 3 5 7 : “
t h e cl o u d y c h e e k s o f h e a ve n
’
t r ea t e n

y
. . . .

( b u t i n Tem p i 2 4 : t h e we l k i n s c h e e k a nd m an s i m il ar p assa ge s
’
. . .

i n w hi c h W h i m s e l f h as t h e l u ra l
.

p .

1 19 S ta n d n o t , e t c T h a t 1 s , d o n o t b e p ar ti cu l a r ab o u t r e t i r i ng i n t h e
y q q fi
. .

o r d e r o f o u r r a n k ( as c o u r t e ti u e tt e r e u i r e d ) C f t h e rs t l i ne o f t h i s . .

sce n e .

1 22 . It w i l l b a ve bl ood , e tc . The Is t fo l i o r e ad s
“
I t w i ll h bl au e ood th y e sa y :
B l d wi ll h
oo aue b l oo d
 A C T III . S CE NE IV .
221

a nd h i s p o i nt i ng i s fo ll owe d by t h e l a t e r fo l i o s T h e a rra ngem e n t i n t h e

t
-

t e x t w as p ro p o se d by T h e o a n d a d o pt e d b y C a p e l l a nd M a l o n e ; a l s o .
,

by C o l l S t W an d D e l i u s i n o ur d ay M os t o f t h e o th e r e d i t o rs fo l l o w
W h a l l ey a n d J o h nso n i n r ea d i n g : It w il l h a v e b l o o d ; th e y s a y b l o o d
.
, .
, .
, .

w il l h a v e b l o o d J o h nso n o b s e r v e s : M a cb e th j u s tly i nfe rs t h a t t h e

.

d e a t h o f D u n ca n c a n n o t g o u n p u n i s h e d It w il l h a v e b l o o d ! th e n a ft e r ‘ ’

a s h o r t p a u s e d ec l a r es i t a s t h e g e n e ra l o b s e r v a ti o n o f m a n k i n d th a t

m u rd e re r s ca n n o t e sca p e C a p e l l t hi n k s t h a t t h e l i n e i s i nj u r e d i n
.
“

t h e so l e m n i ty o f t h e m o v e m e n t b y t h e c h a nge i n p o i n ti ng a n d th a t ”
,

t h e p ro v e r b s n a k e d re p e a ti ng co m i ng a ft e r w o r d s t h a t i ns i n u a t e i t h as
“ ’

T h e q u e s ti o n b e t we e n t h e t w o r e a d i ngs i s a ve ry c l os e
, ,

g r e a t e ffe c t .

o ne .

1 23 . S ton es , e tc . M r P a t o n (Notes
. 869 , c i t e d b y and Q u er i es“ No v 6 , .
, 1
F u r n ess ) s u gge s t s t h a t th e r e m ay b e a n a l l u s i o n t o t h e rock i ng s t o n e s ,
s t o n e s o f j u d g m e n t , b y w hi c h i t w a s t h o u g ht t h e D ru i d s t e s t e d t h e
‘ ’
or

g u il t o r i n n o ce n c e o f a c c u s ed p e rs o ns T h e r e w as o n e of t h ese s t o n e s
”

y
.

n e a r G l a m i s C as tl e , a nd i f S vi s it e d S co tl a n d (s e e p 1 5 ) h e p ro b a b l . .

s a w rt

y y
.

Tr ees t o spea b m ay a l l u d e t o t h e s t o r o f P o l d o r us 1 1 1 V i rg il , E n i i i
‘

2 2—
. .

6 8 ( S t e e ve n s ) .

1 2 4 A ugu r s , e t c
. T h e fo l i o s h a v e “
. A u gu re s , r e t a i ne d b y R o we ,
P o p e , S r , a n d t h e C am b a n d C P e d s
. S c h m i d t i s d o u b t fu l w h e th e r t h e
. . . .

T h e C P e d s a ys : “
w o r d m e a n s a ug u r s o r a ug u r i es
’
In F l o r i o s Ita l
q
. . . . .

D i et 1 6 1 1 , t h e wo r d a u g u re i s g i v e n a s t h e e u i v a l e n t b o th fo r a ug u
‘ ’
.

r i o , s o o th s a yi n g, a n d a u ur o, a s o o t h s a y e r In t h e e d iti on o f 1 5 9 8 a u ‘
g .

g u r e i s o n ly gi ve n a s t h e t ra ns l a ti o n o f a ug u r i o, a n d it i s i n t hi s se n s e
’

t h a t i t i s u s e d h e re T h e w o rd o c cu r s n owh e r e e l s e i n S F o r a u g u r
.
‘ ’
.

i n o u r m o d e r n s e n s e h e u se s a u gu re r , 7 C i i 1 2 00 a n d 1 1 2 3 7 ; Cor
’
. . . . . . .

i i 1 1 A a nd C i v
. . . a nd v 2 33 7
. W. e fi n d ‘
a u u re
g u se d i n t h e . . .

i n H o l l a n d s P l i ny , vi i i 2 8 , w hi c h was
’ ’ ’
s e ns e o f
‘ ‘
a u gu r or a u g u r e r, .

p u bl i sh ed i n
A ug u r i s n o t fo u nd i n t h e pl ay s o f S , b u t i t o ccu r s i n S on n 1 07 6 . . .

A n d t h e s a d a u gu rs m o c k th e i r o w n p r e s age a nd i n Tb c P b ce n i x a n d

A u gu r o f t h e fe v e r s e nd
”
t b e T ur t l e, 7
’
.

D e l i u s r e m a r k s th a t S s o m e ti m e s u s es a n d t o c o n n e ct w o r d s w h i c h .

a er
“
b
su o d r i n t
a e, n o t co o r d i n a t e ,
”
a n d t h a t t h e m e a n i-
ng h e r e i s
“
the ,

r e l a t i o n s u n d e r s t o o d by a rrg u r s M o b e r ly e xpl a i ns rt a ugu rs by t h e

”
.

h e l p o f u nd e r s t o o d re l a ti o ns b e t we e n o m e ns a n d e v e n t s R o we c h ange d .

t h e t e xt t o A u g u rs th a t u n d e r s t o o d a nd W a r b a n d J o h ns o n t o Au .

g rrr s th a t u n d e r s t a nd t h e l a tt e r e xpl a i i g el t t h e c o n n e cti o n

“
n n r a i on s a s

o f e ffe c t s w it h c a u s e s .

1 2 5 b l ag ot pi es, e t c
. Na re s e xpl a i s m ag ot pi e as
-
n .
“
t h e b i rd n o w -

c a l l e d , b y a bb r e vi a ti o n , a m ag ie M i n sh e u a n d C o t g ra v e bo t h h a v e .

m agg a tapi e, a n d M i d d l e t o n m ag ot 0 pi c See W b

’
. .

Cb o ng /z a cco rd i ng t o S c h m i d t , i s t h e Co r vu s m on ed u l a
,
C f Temp 1 1 . . . .

1 2 66 :
.
“
I m ys e l f co nl d m a k e A c h o ug h o f a s d e e p c h a t , a nd see n o t e
i n our ed p 1 2 7 . . .

G r 4 73
’
Se e o n b i n d st, 1 1 1 2 4
’
1 26 S ecr et st
. . . . . . .

Wb a t z
“
i n wh a t s t a t e h o w fa r a d v a nce d ( Gr , .
22 2 NO TE S .

1 27 . At od d s . At i
va r a n c e , c o nt e s -
ti ng ; as m M W '

. 1 11. 1 .
5 4 ; Ri eb .

III i i 1 70, e t c
L
. . . .

T h e C P e d r e m a r k s : “ a d y M a cb e th , w o r n o u t b y t h e e fl b r t s h e
. . .

h as m a d e t o m a i n t a i n h e r s e l f p osse ss i o n i n t h e p re s e n ce o f h e r g u e s t s ,
fl q
-

a n s we r s b r i e y a n d m o u r n fu lly t o h e r h u s b a n d s u e s ti o n s , a d d i n
’

g 11 0
w o r d o f co m m e n t , m u c h l ess o f r e p r o a c h T h u s t h e p a r t w as re n d e re d .

b y M i ss H e l e n P a nc i r, o n e o f t h e b e s t o f al l m o d e r n i n t e r p r e t e r s o f
S h a k e s p e a re C f w h a t M rs J a m es o n s ay s , p 2 2 ab o v e
”
. . . .

1 28 H ow say s t t b ou , e t c
’
. W h a t d o yo u thi nk o f thi s c i r cu m s t a n ce , .

th a t M a cd u fl r e fu ses t o co m e , e t c ( M a so n ) S c h m i d t c o m p ar e s T G
'

. . . .

o
f V i i 5 43 ,
. a n d M f
o. V i 2 5
. 8 O n d e n
y
z r e fu se , c f Temp i 2 80, . . . . . . . .

M of V i ii 3 2 6, R i el i II i i 1 2 04 , e t c
. . S e e a l s o i v 1 1 04 b e l o w
. . . . . . . .

1 3 0 B y tb e w ay . In d i r e c tl y ca s u a ll y .
, .

T h e o r eads a T h an e , an d W
“ “ ”
131 A on e Se e G r 8 1
. . a m an . . . . .

In T of A v 1 9 6 w e h a v e
. T h e re s n e v e r a o n e
’
. .
”
W a l k e r s a y s th a t
. .

t h e o l d p o e t s o r d i n a r il y w r it e a n on e, n o t a on e : b u t , a s S ch m i d t n o t es ,
S ge n e ra ll y h as a o n e
. .

1 3 6 [ a m i n bl ood , e t c
. F o r t h e r e p e titi o n o f i n , cf Cor 1 1 1 1 8 Gr . . . . . . .

40 7 .

T he P e d c es II I IV D C 2 it iii —
4 7 49 S t ee ve n s r e m a rk s t h at
fi
. . . . . . . . .

y
D r d e n b o rro ws t h e g u r e i n E d ip u s , iv . 1

I h v l dy p d a e a r ea a ss
’

T h m i d dl
e f th t m; d t t e o e s re a an o r e u rn
S m gee t l b th t v t
s re a e r a ou r an o e n u r e o er
’
.

38 A s g o o er O n t h e co ns t r u c ti o n s e e G r 3 84
’
1
E x a m i n e d n i ce l y ( S t e e ve n s )
. .
, . .

C f H am i i i
’
40 1 . S ea n a d . . . . .
3 75 , . a nd
Ot b 3 245
. iii . . .

1 41 Tb e sea son of a l l n a tu r es
. T h a t w hi c h k e e p s t h e m fre s h .

(Sch m i d t) .

1 4 2 S elf a bu se . S e l f d e c e pt i o n S e e 011 1 1 I 5 0
-

.
-
. . . .

1 43 Tb c i n i t i a t e f ea r
. T h e fe a r o f a n o v i ce , o r o f o ne wh o h as n o t .

h ad “
h ar d us e ( h ar d e n i ng e xp e r i e n ce ) i n c r i m e
”
.

1 44 In d eed T h e fo l i o s h a v e
.
“
i nd ee d ”
T h e c o r r e c ti o n i s d u e t o
. .

T h eo .

N
S C E E V — Th e C P e d i t o r s b e l i e v e t h a t “ i f thi s s ce n e h a d o ccu rr e d
. . .

i n a d r a m a n o t a tt r i b u t e d t o S h a k e s p ea r e , 11 0 o n e w o u l d h a v e d i s c o v er e d
i n i t a n y t r a ce o f S h a k e s p e a r e ’ s m a nne r ” F l e a y a l s o r ej e c t s i t S ee p . . .

1 2 ab o v e It i s a l m o s t c e r t a i nl y a n i n t e r p o l a ti o n
.
.

S h a s b ee n cr i ti c i s e d for i n t r o d u c i n g t h e c l a ss i c a l H e c a t e i n co n n e c
.

t i o n w it h m o d e r n w it c h e s b u t S co t (D i scovery of M tcb cr afl ) m e n ti o ns i t '

a s t h e co m m o n o pi n i o n o f a l l w r i t e r s t h a t w i t c h e s we r e s u p p ose d t o h a v e

n g htl y m e e ti ngs w i th H e r o d i a s a n d t h e P a a n o d s , ” a n d th a t “ i n t h e
“
i g g
n i g ht ti m e s t h e y r i d e a b r o a d w i th D i a n a t h e
”
go d d e s s o f t h e P a ga n s ,
-

e tc H eca te i s o n l y a n o th e r n a m e fo r D i a n a
.
C f V i rg il , 2 5 1 2 i v 5 1 1 . . . .

T e rge m rn a m q u e H e c a t e n, t r ra v i r g i n i s or a D i a n a e .

1 . Heca t e
. Fo r t h e .
p r o n u nc i a ti o n , s e e 0 11 11 . 1 .
52 . It i s a t r i s yl l a b l e
1 11 1 H en VI 1 1 1 2 6 4 . . . . . M rl t o n m ak es it a d i s syl l a b l e i n Com u s, 1 3 5 , b u t
2 24 NO TE S .

[ V o i ce a bo ve ) e r e
’
s on e
A k i ss a c o , a s i p o f b oo d ; ll
. Th l
com e s d o wn t o fe th
c h i s d u e s,
,

A nd w h y t o u s t a y’ s t so o ng h l
m u se, I m u se , I
S i n c e t h e a i r
’
s s o s we e a n d go od t .

h
H e e 0, a r t t o u c o m e ?
W h t t ll .

Spi r i t Al l g o e s s i
a n e w s, w a ne ws ?
t o ou r de ig
.
ht
l ht
th E i e r c o m e , o r e se l
R e fu se , re fus e .

I
H e e No w .
’ ’
m fu r n i sh d fo r t h e ig fl ht .

h
F i r e H ar k , a r k , t h e ca t s i n gs a b ra e
. v t l
r eb e i n h er o wn l a ngua ge
H e e [g o i n g u p ] No w .
go, n ow fl y, I I
l t p t
M a k i n m y s we e s i r i an d I .

0 w a ht ty p l
a da i n e asu r e
’
t is
T o r id e i n t h e a i r
Wh h
e n t h e m o o n s i n e s fa i r ,
A n d si n g an d d a n ce , a n d t o y a n d k i ss !
v h
O e r w oo d s, i g h r o ck s , an d m o u n a i ns, t
v t
O e r se a s , o u r m i s r e ss fo u n t a i n s,
’

v t p t
O e r s e e * ow e rs a n d u r re s , t t
ht
W e fl y b y n i g , ’ m o n gs t r o o s o f s i ri s t p p t
ll
No r i ng o f b e s t o o u r e ar s s o u n d s,
No ow s of w o e s, n o e s o f ou n d s ;
h l lv y lp h
No, n ot t h e n o i s e o f w a e r s b re ac , t h ’

O th t
r c an n o n s
’
ro a h i ght
our e h ca n r e a c .

) N i g f b ll
”
[Vo i ces a bove . o r n t o e s , e c .

In D a v e n a n t s v e rs i o n i s i n se r t e d , wi th so m e o f M a cbet / th i s p ass age

’
, z

v ar i ati o ns , a nd u n ti l t h e M S o f T/z e PVi tc/z was d i s c o v e r ed i t was s u p

y
.
_

p o s e d t o b e h i s c o m p os i ti o n D y e e c r m a r k s :
“
It i s s o h i ghl fa n ci fu l , .

a n d co m e s i n s o h a ppil y w h e r e D a ve n a n t h as pl a ce d i t , th a t o n e i s a l

m o s t t e m pt e d t o b e l i e v e i t was w r i tt e n by S h a k es p e are , a nd h ad b e e n
o m i tt e d i n t h e p r i n t e d co pi e s o f hi s pl a y .

T h e C P e d su gges t s t h a t
.
“
fro m w h a t H e ca t e s ay s , H a r k , I a m c a l l
. .

e d , i t i s p ro b ab l e th a t s h e t o o k n o p a r t i n t h e s o ng, w hi c h p e r h a p s c o n
’

s i s t e d o nl o f t h e t wo y
r s t l i n e s o f t h e p ass age fr o m M i d d l e t o n
”
fi .

SC E N
—E n t r en n ox a n d a n t/z e L o d A s th e e se e m t o b e
E VI . e L o r r . r s

n o e s o n fo r i nt ro d u c i n g a n a m e l e s s c h a a ct e h e e J o h ns o n c o nj e ct
r a ed r r r ur

t h a t t h o i gi n l co py h ad L n n m e a n t fo r L en n
,
“ “
e r nd An a nd e ox a .
,
ox a

b t m i s t a k e n b y t h e t a nsc i be r
”
A ng us , u r r

It i s n o t w i th o t s i g n i fi ca nce t h a t i n t hi s s ce n e
.

F l a th e re m a k s r :
“
u

th e e i s f e q e n t m e n t i o n f m o s t pi o s m e n a n d h o l y nge l s S uc h
r r u o u a .

m e n t i o n i s m e a n t t o e m i n d s t h a t t h e e i s a m o a l fo ce a l wa y s p e s e n tr u r r r r

i n t h e w o l d e a d y t o co m e fo t h v i c t o r i o u s i n i t s ti m e a nd pl ac e
r , r r .

H a ve bu t l i i l y ou r t /z ozcg /z ts
1 . W e re o n n e n d ed t o s r ou r . ly i t ti y
th ”
ht M
( o b e r ) o r , m o re k e , b z t z a g re e d w ly li ly i th
’

ou
g s .

2 On ly
. O n t h e o s o n o f t h e w o r d , s e e G r 4 20
. p i ti . .

3 B or n e
. a n a ge d co n d uc e d. M
C f n e 1 7 b e o w ; a so 2 H en I V. , t . . li l l .

iv .
4 88 Co r
.
3 4 e tc . v . .
, .

D v a enan t gi v es O v er s e e t pl e s,t o w e r s, an d
'

t u rr e s , t w ich h i p b bly t h t
s ro a e ru e
r e ad i ng . In a no th er par t of t h e pl y a , H e ca t e sa y s In m o o n l i ght i ght t pl
n s, o n s e e e
t p
o s,
’
e tc .
 A C T [1 1 S CE NE VI 22 5
. .

4 M a r ry P r ob ab l y a co rr u p i o n o f M a ry , a nd o r i g i na l l y a m o d e o f t
q
. ,

s we a r i n
g b y t h e Vi r g i n It i s o ft e n , a s h e re , e u i va l e n t t o a m o n o s yl l ab l e .
.

G r 4 63 O n of r b y, see G r 1 70
. . . .

8 W/z o ca n n ot w a n t, e t c A m u c h co n t r o v e r t e d p a ss a ge T h e s e nse ,
q
. . .

a s M a l o n e p o i n t e d o u t , s e e m s t o re u i r e ca n i ns t e a d o f ca n n ot C ol l ex . .

pl a i ns i t , W h o c a nn o t b u t t hi nk , e t c D e l i u s ( t ra n s by F u r ne ss ) sa y s
”
. .

A s S s o m e ti m es , i n o r d e r t o e xp res s a s i ng l e n e g a ti v e , m u l ti pl i es t h e
.

n e g a ti v e s n ot , n or , n ever , e t c , s o o n t h e o th e r h a nd h e s o m e ti m e s a d d s .

t h e m , as i n th is case , t o n e gat i ve ve r bs o r p a r t i cl es w i th o u t a l t e r i ng t h e
Thus i n I V 7 1 i i i 2 55
O

s e ns e . . . .

TL h t a
e ss i
an y o f
m p
e se
u d e n ce ;
”
th b o d er l vi ce s wan t ed

a nd Cy m b i 4 2 3 a b eggar w i th o u t l e ss q u a l ity t h e n ega t i ve l ess

in . . .
‘
,
’

m e r e ly s t r e ng th e ns t h e n ega ti v e a l r e a d y i n c l u d e d i n w a n t ed a n d w i t/t ou t ”
If we d o n o t a d o p t th i s e xpl a n a ti o n ( cf A Y L p 1 5 6 n o t e o n
.

. . . . . ,

we m us t co ns i d er i t o ne o f t h e a cc i d e n t a l c o n fu s i o n s o f c o n s t ru c ti o n
w h i c h ar e s o co m m o n i n 8 C f G r 409 — 41 6 . . . .

W hi t e w h o i n hi s S h a k esp ea r e s S c/z ol a r ( p 403 ) Sugge s t e d m ak i ng t h e

,
’
.

s e n t e n ce d ec l a r a ti ve i n s t e a d o f i n t err og a ti ve a n d j o i n i ng i t t o t h e p r e ,

c e d i ng o n e ( M e n m us t n o t w a l k t o o l a t e w h o ca n n o t h e l p thi nk i ng
“ ”
.
,

a ft e r w a r d s i n h i s e d o f S re t u r n e d t o t h e o r i g i na l re a d i n g a m o r e . .
,

c a r e fu l c o n s i d e r a ti o n o f t h e p assa ge h a v i ng l e d h i m u n w ill i ngl y to t he

b e l i e f th a t M a l o n e m ay h a v e b e e n r i gh t a nd th a t t h e d i s agre e m e n t b e ,
“

t we en t h e wo r d s a nd t h e t h o u g ht i s d u e t o a co nfus i o n o f t h o ug h t w hi c h
S m ay h a v e s o m e ti m e s s h are d wi t h i nfe r i o r i n t e ll e c t s
”
. .

M on st r ou s ( w h i c h C a p e l l p r i n t e d m o ns t e ro u s ) i s m e t r i ca l ly a t r i “ ”

s yl l a b l e G r 477 . . .

D e l i u s p o i n t s o u t th a t S use s th i s w o rd o n l y i n a b a d se nse
3

1 0 F a ct
a n e vi l d e e d ; n e v e r i n t h e s e n s e o f r e a l i ty a s o pp o s e d t o fi c ti o n
. . .

T he .

o n l y m e a n i ng S c h m i d t g i ve s fo r t h e w o r d i s e vi l d ee d cr i m e
“ ”
It o c , .

c u rs i n S fo u r t e e n ti m e s : P af L 2 3 9 3 4 9 ; M f or M i v 2 1 4 1
'

. v 1 . .
, . .
, . .

4 39 ; A IV i i i 7 4 7 ; I V T i i i 2 8 6 ; 1 H en VI i v 1 3 0 ; 2 H en VI
.
/ . . . . . . . . . . . .

i 3 1 76 i i 1 1 73 ; T A i v 1 3 9 ; T of A i i i 5 1 6 ; Cy m b i i i 2 1 7 ; P e r
. .
, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

i v 3 1 2 a n d t h e p r e s e nt p ass age If i t i s a m e re co i nci d e n ce t h a t t h e

. .
, .

w o r d a l wa y s h as t hi s b a d s e n s e it i s c u r i o u s e n o u g h t o b e w o r t h n o t ,

i ng .

Tb r a l l s
1 3 S l a ve s , b o n d m e n
. S u s e s t h e n o u n s i x ti m e s, a nd a l
. . .

w a y s i n thi s se n s e e x ce pt i n P P 2 66 , w h e r e i t m e a n s s l a v e r y Cf . . . .

1 H en V] i 2 1 1 7, i i 3 3 6 ; P i cl i III i v 1 46 ; a nd S on n 1 54 1 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Th e fo l i o s , a s e l se w h e r e , h a v e A n d t
’ “ ’ ”
19 An t . . S e e G r 1 0 1 , 1 02 , . .

1 03
q
.

21 . F r om . In co n s e u e n ce o f, o n a cco u n t o f. C f H e n VIII
. . . i . 1 . 1 52 ;
H am
'

2 5 80, e t c ( S c m d )
. ii . . . h i t .

B r oa a
’
F r e e , u n re s r a ne d C f H am
.
4 2: hi s r ank s a e b e e n t i . . . iii . . p h v
t o o b ro a d t o b e a r w T of A 4 64 W h o can S e a k b ro a d e r ith . . iii . . p .

th an h e a th t
h as n o o u s e t o p u t h i s e ad i n ? S u c m ay ra a ga ns h h h il i t
gr e a b’ u d ng s
”
t See a so il i
4 2 3 a b o ve .
_
l i ii . . .

O n ca zcs e, s e e G r 4 6 0 . .
2 26 NO TE S .

F ai l d il e d t o b e p re s e n t C f i i i 1 2 7 F a il n o t o u r
i s p r esen ce Fa :

L ea r ii 4 1 44 : W o u l d fa i l h e r ob l i gati on e t c
. . . . .

fe as t ;
”
.
, . .
,

2 4 B e st w s l z i m elj :
. See o n i i i 1 29
o s . . .

25 Ty r n t P e r h a ps u s u rp e r l i k e t h e G r e e k r bp w og ( S c h m i d t )
a z a

Cf A Y L i i 1 61
.
. .
.
,

. . . . . .

Sw i g th t w e ar n a e
A m p ty t d wh t w ;re e re u su r e r s, r an s , a n a
’
s o rs e

a n d 3 H en VI i i i 3 6 9 . . . .

t yra t f ly g v h m
UT l p v b h i md ttyh y tp t hi h g mt ll i ffi e
F h w or
n e ss
o
a
ca n
roa e
n s sa e
u rc a se
o ern
re a a
o e,
a n ce ?

Th t H y l i v th t i ll y o
a
ro
e nr
e
e
ran

s .
”
s re aso n a su c ,

H ol d w it h h o l d s s 2
.

2 7 Tl z e m ost p i ou s E d w a r d
. E d wa r d t h e C on fess o r O n of by cf . .
:
, .

l i ne 4 a b o v e G r 1 70 . . .

3 0 O n t h e m e as u r e s ee G r 4 9 8 ; a nd o n upon
. for t h e p ur p o s e o f , .
“
,

Gr 1 9 1 C f 0t/z i 1 1 00
r e m o v e d o a w ay
. . . . . . .

3 5 F r ee S c h m i d t m a k es i t h e r e
. . a n d co m p ares 2
, ,

Cy m b i ii 6 80 : W o u l d I co u l d fre e t M a l o ne m a d e t h e pl a u s i b l e
“ ’

O u r fe a s t s a nd b a n q u e t s fr ee
. . .

s ug e s ti o n t h a t t h e l i n e o r i i n a l ly s t oo d
g g ,

fro m b l o o d y k n i v e s .

3 6 F r ee /z on ou r s E i th e r h o n o u r s f r eely best ow ed no t p u r c h a s e d b y
y w i th o u t d r e ad o f a t yr a n t
. .
,

cr i m e s o r h o n o u r s w i t l z ou t s l a ver ( J o h ns o n ) , .

T h e C P e d e xpl a i ns i t H on o ur s s u c h a s fr ee m e n r ec e i ve fro m a l a w “
. . . :

ful k i ng .

3 8 E x a sp er a te
. C f T a n d C v I 34 : W h y a r t th o u th en e x a s p er
. . . . . .

co n s ecr a t e ( 7 1 A i 1 1 4 ; M IV D v 1 c r e at e
” “ “ ”
at e ? So
a n d s u n d r y o th e r w o r d s d i r e c tl y d e r i v e d fr o m L a ti n
. . . . . . .

( M IV D v 1
p er fe c t p ar ti c i pl e s S e e G r 3 42 C f M il t o n P L i i i 6
. . . .

B r i g ht e ffl u
. . . .
, . .

e n ce o f b r i g h t e ss e n ce i n c r e a t e ; Id i i i 2 08 B u t t o d e s t r u c ti o n “
. .

s a cr e d a nd d e v o t e E x a m pl es m i g h t b e a dd e d fr o m t h e p o e t s o f
”
e tc , .

o u r o wn ti m e .

4 1 Cl ou dy F r o w n i ng D e l i u s e xpl a i n s i t a s fo re b o d i ng o m i n o us
‘

. . .
,

t h e C P ed g l oo m y s u l l e n C f 2 H en VI i i i 1 1 5 5 cl o u d y b r ow
“ ” “
. . . .
. . .
, , . . .

S o m e ti m e s i t m e a n s u nd e r a cl o u d s o rro w i n g ; a s i n P i /z III i i 2
“
c

R of L 1 084
. . . .
,

1 1 2 Y o u c l o u d y p r i n ce s a nd h e a r t so rr o w i ng p ee r s
:

B u t c l o u d y L u cre ce s h a m e s h e r s e l f t o s e e e t c
-
. .

”
O n m e se e G r 2 20 , .
, . .

A s w /z o l i ou l d ay See G r 2 5 7 C f M f V i 2 4 5 R i c/z I]
s s . . . . o . . .
, . .

v 4. etc . .

4 8 , 49 Ou r sufk r i ng cou n t ry , e t c T a i s , o u r c o u n r s u ffe r ng u nd er,

.
’
. h t t y i
etc G r 4 1 9a C f H e n VIII 1 1 34 :
“
a c o ns a n wom a n t o h er iii t t
h ppy
. . . . . . . .

hu sb a n d ; R i ck I] 1 9 :
“
A a g e n e m an i n b oo d a n d nea. . iii . . tl l li
m e n s, ” e tc t
See a s o 8 7 be o w . l v . . l
“
th b l o o di e r v i ll ain
Th an t e r m s can
ou

g i v th e ee o u t .
”
2 28 NO TE S .

h e d ge h og i s n o ct u rna l i n i t s h ab i t s we i r d i n i t s m o v em e n t s ; pl ant s
-

, ,

w i th e r w h e r e i t w o r k s fo r i t c u t s o ff th e i r r o o t s F a i r i e s o f o n e c l as s
,
.

we r e s u pp o se d t o a s s u m e i t s fo r m U r l z i n ca m e t o m e a n f i y w i th o u t . c a r

re fe re n c e t o t h e h e d ge h o g s h a p e ; h e n ce b e ca us e fa i r i e s a r e l i ttl e a n d -

m i s c hi e v o us i t c a m e t o b e a ppl i e d t o a c hi l d
”
.
,

Some eds ha ve H a r p e r o th er s H ar py ”
3 fI p i er
. ar . It m ay b e .
“
, .

a co r r u pti o n o f t h e l a t t e r w o rd .

T hi s i s n o t w h a t H a r pi e r c r i e s as s o m e h a v e u n
’
T i ti m e e t c s , .
,

d e r s t o od i t C f t h e H e ca t e o f M i d d l e t o n
. .

H e ca t e . H e ar d y o u t h e o w l e y e t ?
S ta d l i n . B r i e fe l y i n t h e co s pp .

h h h H e ca t e .
’
T i s i g t i m e fo r u s t en .
”

Cr i es = gi v e s th e m t h e s i gn a l ( S t e e ve ns ) ”
.

G u i z o t t r ans l a t es t h e l i ne J e t o ns
’
5 In tl z e p oi on d en t r a i l s t /z r ow
. s .

d n s s e s e n t ra il l e s e m p o i so n n ée s a nd a d ds t he n o t e : S h ak e sp e a e
” “
a ,
r

m e t s o u v e n t a i ns i d a n s l a b o u c h e d e s e s s o r ci er es d es p h r a s e s i n t e r
r o m p u e s a u x q u e l l e s e l l es s e m b l e n t a tt a c h e r n u s e ns co m pl e t
”

6 Col d i s a d i s sy l l ab l e ( G r
.
,

. T h e re i s a s hi v e r i n t h e p r o l o nga t i o n .

o f t h e w o rd C f 3 H en VI i v 3 1 4 : W hil e h e hi m se l f k ee p s i n t h e
co l d fi e l d
. . . . . .

M an y e d s re a d t h e c o l d ; s o m e co l d e s t
” “ ”

v e no m t o a d s ; A Y L ii 1 1 3
. .
, .

8 Ven om . C f 3 H en VI i i 2 1 3 8 : . . . . . .
.
. . . .

t h e t o a d u g ly a n d ve n o m o us , P i cb III i 2 1 4 8 Ne v e r h u ng p o i s o n . . . .
“

o n a fo u l e r t o a d a n d m a n y o th e r p as s a e s i n w h i c h t h e s a m e i d e a o c
g
c u rs H un te r s ays
. T h e r e i s a p a p e r b y D r D a vy i n t h e P l z i l sopl z i ca l
“
. o

Tr a n sa t i on s o f 1 8 2 6 i n w h i c h i t i s s h o w n t h a t t h e t o a d i v e n o m o u s
c , s ,

a n d m o re o v e r t h a t s we l t e e d v e n o m i s p ecu l i a r l y p ro p e r t h e p o i so n
‘ ’
r

lyi ng d i ffu se d o v e r t h e b o dy i m m e d i a t e l y u nd e r t h e s k i n T h i s i s t h e
,

s e co nd i n s t a n c e i n thi s pl a y o f S h a k e s p e a r e s tn i n u t e e x a c t ne s s i n h i s
’

n a t u ra l h i s t o r y W h e t h er D r D a vy i n h i s d i sse c ti on o f t h e t o a d
. .
, ,

fo u nd a l s o t h e p r e c i o u s j e we l i n h i s h e a d i s no t s t a t e d , .

1 6 B l i n d w or m
. T h e s l o w wo rm -

C f M IV D i i 2 1 1 . Ne wt s -
. . . . . .
“

a n d b l i n d wo r m s In T of A i v 3 1 8 2 i t i s c a l l e d t h e e y e l e ss ve n
-
” “
. . . . .
,

S t e e ve ns c i t es D r a yt o n No l i s Fl ood 4 8 1
,

Th e sm al l
”
o m d wo r m
’ ’
a

a nd t h e C P e d q u o t es t h e S u f
.
, ,

e y e d s l o w wo r m h e l d o f m a n y b l i n d -

. . .
u

fo l k p r o v e rb
If t h v i p 0 ld h d th l w w m ld
T h E gl d f m p t w l d v b f e er c u e ar a n e s o or co u s ee ,
-

”
en n an ro ser en s ou ne er e re e .

Th e o l d s p e l l i ng a l t e r e d i n s o m e e d s t o o wl e t s
"
1 7 H ow l t s
’ ’
. e .
, . .

C f H o l l a n d s P l i ny x 1 7 : O f O w l es o r H o wl e t s
”
’
.
, .
,
.

2 2 M m my . C f 0t l z i ii 4 74 :
u . . . . .

th m gi i t h w b f i t
“
e re
’
s a c n e e o

th t d i d b d t h i l k ; Th e w or m s we re a o w’ d h ll a re e e s
y y whi h t h k ilf l A n d i t w a s d ed i n m u m m c e s u
h t ’
C o ns e r v cl o f m a i d e n s
’
ea r s .
”

T h e C P e d r e m a r k s th a t m u m m y was u se d a s a m e d i c i ne b o th l o ng
. . .

b e f r e a n d l o ng a ft e r t h e t i m e o f S
o S i r T h o m a s B r o wne t e l l s u s t h a t .

F ra n c i s I a l wa y s ca rri e d m u m m y w i th h i m a s a p a n a c e a aga i n s t a l l d i s
.

o r d e rs H e ad ds . Th e c o m m o n o p i n i o n o f th e v i r t u es o f m u m m y b r e d “
 ACT IV . S CE NE 1 .
2 29

g re a t pti o n t h er e o f a nd p r i n ce s a n d gr e a t m e n co nt e n d e d fo r th i s
c o ns u m ,

s t ra n ge p a n a ce a w h e r e i n J e ws d e a l t l a rge l y m a n u fac t u r i ng m u m m i es
fro m d e a d c a rcas es a nd g i vi n g th e m t h e n a m es o f k i ngs w h i l e s p e c i fi cs
, ,

, ,

w e re co m p o u n d e d fro m cro ss e s a n d g i b b e t l e a v i ngs T h e s a m e a u th o r

“

s ays
.
,

i n h i s Hy d r i otap b i a ( ch T h e E gypti a n m u m m i e s w hi c h C a m.

b yse s s p a r e d a v a r i ce n o w c o ns u m e th
, M u m m y i s b e co m e m e rc h a n d i z e .

M i z ra i m c u res w o u n d s a n d P h ar a o h i s s o l d fo r b a l sa m s C f W e bs t e r
”
, . .
,

Tbe W/z i te D evi l i 1 , .

Y f ll w o ur o o ers
H v w ll w d y lik m m m d b i g i k
WV imt hi t h t t h l k d hl i d p hy i o
a e
suc
s

ou
a o
u n n a u ra

u
e

i
’
ou

e
an
enne
e u
o rr
”
i a, a n
s c,
, e n s c

y p .

M z w a n d g u lf O n m o w c f i ii 4 73 ab ove . G lf = g u l l e t S ch m i d t , . . . . u .

c o m p a r e s P af L 5 5 7 a n d C or i 1 . 1 01 .
, . . . .

24 R a v e no u s ; l i k e r vi n i n A W i i i 2 1 2 9 : t h e ra v i n a

S t e eve ns q u o t e s P F l e t c h e r L o u st s i i i 1 8
. . . .

l ion .
”
S ee o n i i 4 2 8 . . . .
, c , .

hi s ra ve n d p r e y
’
.

25 n g d T h e o n ly fo r m u s e d b y S fo r t h e p as t t e n s e a n d p a r ti c ipl e
. . .

of ti /
g C f R 1 b II 1 1 i c T A v 1 1 3 5 e t c T he sa me i s tw o of
M il t o n ( s e e P L i 6 9 0 v i 5 1 6 e t c ) a n d o f t h e A V ( Gen x l ix
. . . .
. . .
, .

. . .
,5 .
, . . . . .

E x d v ii 2 4
o . .
,

27 Yew
. T hi s t r ee w as re c k o n e d p o i s o n o u s ( D o u ce )
. .

T hi s w o r d w hi c h i s c o m m o n i n thi s c o u n t r y ( a t l e a s t i n
’
28 S l i ve d
. r .
,

Ne w E ngl a n d ) m s t b e l e ss fa m il i a r i n E ngl a n d a s D a nd o th e r s thi nk

,
u , .

i t n e ces s a 1 y t o e xpl a i n i t .

E l ipse
c A n u n l u ck y ti m e
. C f S n n 1 07 5 . . o . .

Th m t l m h th b li p ’
de d or a oo n a er e c se en ur ,

A d th d g m k th n w p g e sa au u rs oc ei r o n r esa e .

S e e a l s o M i l t o n Ly i d a s 1 0 1 , c ,

I t w th t f t l d p fid i b k as a a a an er ou s ar ,

B i lt i t h l ip d i gg d w i th
u d k n e ec se , a n r
’
c u rse s ar .

32 S l ab Vi sc o u s g l u ti n o u s S l a bby h a s t h e s a m e m e a n i ng Cf
S e l d e n ( q u o t e d by W b )
.
. .
, . .

y o u m u s t d r i nk o f a s l a b b y s t u ff
“ ”
. .

3 3 C/z d r o n
. au E n t ra il s S t e e ve ns fo u n d i n a c o o k e r y b o o k p r i n t e d
. .
,

i n 1 5 9 7 a r ce ipt t o m a k e a p u d d i ng o f a ca l f s c h a l d r o n C f D ec k e r
’

,
e . .

c a l v e s c h a u l d r o n s a n d c hi tt e r l i n gs A t t h e c o r o n a t i o n fe as t
“ ’
H
q ue en o f H e n ry VII o ne o f t h e d i s h es was a
. .

o f E l i a b e th o f Y o r k
“
z ,

s wa n w it h c h a u d r o n m e a n i ng s a u ce m a d e w it h i t s e n t r a il s
”

A cce n t e d h e e 0 11 t h e fi r s t s yl l ab l e b u t 0 11 t h e s e co n d
, .

3 7 B a bo n
. o s. r ,

i n T of A i 1 2 60 In t o b a b o o n a n d m o n k e y e t c “ ”
. . . . . C f G 1 49 0 , . . . .

3 8 T h e s t a ge d i e c t i o n i n t h e fo l i o s i s
“
E n te H ec t a n d fl u ot l z e r
i r a ,
:

t l z ee I
r /V i t c/z e : b t t h e r e i s n o go o d r e aso n f0 1 s u pp o s i ng th a t th e t e a e
s u i

an
y o th e r w i t ch es 1 1 t h e s c e ne t h a n th o s e a l i e a d y o n t h e s t a g e
1 S tee e n . x s

s u gge s t e d th a t o th e r s m i g ht b e b 1 o u g ht m t o j o i n i n t h e c o m i ng d a n c e
. '

T h e C a m b e d re a d s E n t e 1 H e c a t e t o t h e o t h e 1 th e e W it c h e s
”
. . 1 .

4 3 T h e s t a ge d i re ct i o n i s fro m t h e 1 s t fo l i o
”
S o ng i fo u nd “
. Th e . s

i n T/z e Wi l /i o f M i d d l e t o n w h e r e i t b e g n s t h u s
e ,
i

B l k pi it d wh it d p i it ac d g y s r s an e, re s r s an ra ,

M i gl m ngl m mgl y t h t m gl
”
.

n m y1 e, . e, e, ou a in e a
230 IVO TE S .

D a ven a n t i n t r o d u ce d th i s m u c h o f i t i n t o hi s v e rs i o n b u t d i d no t c h ange ,

B l ue as t h e C P e d s t a t es T h a t c h a ng e w as m ad e b y
” “ ”
Re d to , . . . .

R o w e w h o i ns e r t e d t h e l i n es h e re i n Ill a bet/z a n d w as fo l l o we d b y P o p e
,
c ,

a n d o th e r e d it o rs u n ti l S t e e ve n s re s t o r e d
“ ”
Re d i n 1 78 5 .

44 P r i l ei ng e t c
. c It i s a v e y a n c i e n t s u p ers titi o n t h a t a l l s u dd e n
, . r

p a i ns o f t h e b o d y w h i c h c o u l d n o t n a t u r a l ly b e a cco u n t e d fo r w e r e p r e
, ,

s a ge s o f s o m e w h a t th a t w a s s h o r tl y t o h a pp e n H e n c e U pt o n h as e x
pl a i n e d a p as s a ge i n t h e M i l es Gl o i su s o f P l a u t u s T i m e o q u o d re r um
.

‘
r o
’

g es s e r i m h i c, i t a d o r s u s t ot u s p r u r i t ( S t e e ve n s )
fi
.

Conj u r e U s e d by S a l w ay s w ith t h e a c ce n t o n t h e r s t s yl l a b l e ,
. .

e x c e pt i n It a n d 7 i i an d ( N b i 3 1 05 (C P A dd H a m
’
. . . . . . . . .

v 1 2 79 : C o nj u r e s t h e w a n d e r i ng s t a rs , a n d m a k e s t h e m s t an d
fi
. . .

5 3 Yesty
. Fo a m y
. C f H am V 2 1 9 8 , wh e r e i t i s u se d g u r a t iv e l y
. . . . .

l i gh t , fr i v o l o us ( S ch m i d t ) .

5 5 B l a d ed
. In t h e b l a d e
. C f IV IV D i 1 2 1 1 t h e bl ad ed
. . . . . . .

g r a ss fl A s co r n i n t h e b l a de i s n o t l i a b l e t o b e
“
l o d ge d , C o l l fo l l o ws .

h i s M S co r re c t o r , w h o h a s b l e a d e d , a p r o vi n c i a l w o r d : r i p e , r e a d y
“ ”
.

fo r t h e s i c l e k O 1 l dg d (
1 o .
z th ro w dow ,
n n l a i d), c
’
f I t
’
i el i II i i i 3 1 6 2 . . . . . .

5 7 S l ope
. S h a s t h e w o r d n o w h e r e e l s e , e i th e r a s v e r b o r n o u n
. . It s .

t ra ns i tiv e u s e h e re i s p e c u l i a r T h e C o l l M S s u b s t it u t e s s t o o p , w hi c h .
”
. .

h a d b e e n s u gge s t e d b y C ap e l l .

G er m en s G e r m s, s eed s T h e fo l i o s h a v e e r m a i ne or
5 9 . .
g .
g er

m ai n P o p e ga v e g e r m a i n s , w hi c h h e e xpl a i n e d a s r e l a ti o n s , o r
“ “
.

k i nd re d e l e m e n t s Ger m en s (s p e l l e d b y h i m g e r m i ns , a s b y m o s t
” “

fi L
.

e d i t o rs ) w a s rs t s u g e s t e d b Th e iii C ra ck n a t
“
g y o Cf ea r , 2 8 : . . . .

u r e s m o u l d s , a l l g e r m e ns s p il l a t o n ce ge r m a i n es ge r m a i ns
’
or

i n t he e a rl y ed s ) .

6 0 S i c/en
. B e s u r fe i t e d
s
. C f T IV i 1 3 . . . . . . .

T h e p o i n ti ng o f t h e fo l i o P o p e ga v e m as t e r s w h i ch
”
M a ster s .
“ ? .

i s fo l l o w e d b y m a n y m o d e r n e d it o r s , t h o u g h t h e i n t e rr o ga ti o n p o i n t
s h o u l d n o t b e u se d wi th i n d i r ec t u e s ti o ns S o m e e ds a d o p t C ape l l s
' "
q . .

m as t e r s
’

6 5 F a r r ow
. A l i tt e r o f pi gs
. S t e e ve ns c i t e s t h e l a w o f K e nn e th H , . .

of S co tl a n d , g i v e n b y H o l i ns h e d : If a s ow e e a t e h i r p i gge s , l e t h y r
“

be s t o n e d t o d e a t h a n d b u r i e d
”
.

O n sw ea ten , s e e G r 3 44 . .

68 A s U pt o n r e m a r k s , t h e a r m ed l z ea d r e p re se n t s s y m b o l i ca l ly M a c
.

b e th s h e a d c u t o ff a nd b r o u gh t t o M a l co l m b y M a c d u ff ( v 8 Th e
’
. .

bl oody c/z i l d i s M a c d u ff ( v 8 T h e cb i l d cr ow n ed , w i t/i a t r ee i n l z i s

. .

b a n d , i s t h e r o y a l M a l co l m ( v 4 . .

78 H a d I t l i r ee ea r s e t c
. H co m p a r e s t h e e xp r ess i o n s ti l l i n u s e
, .
“
. I ,

l i s t e n e d w i t h a l l t h e e a rs I h a d ”
W h a t e l y (P /z et or i c, i v 2 i n i l l us . . .

t r a t i ng t h e i m p e r fe c ti o n o f a ny s y s t e m o f m a r k s o r s i gns t o i n d i c a t e
t o n e s i n e l o c u ti o n, s a y s o f thi s p as s a ge : “ No o ne w o u l d d i s p u t e t h a t
t h e s t r e s s i s t o b e l a i d 011 t h e w o r d t l i r ee, a n d t h u s m u c h m i g h t b e i n
d i c a t e d t o t h e r e a d e r s e ye ; b u t i f h e h a d n o t hi ng e l s e t o t r us t t o , h e
’

m i g h t c h a n c e t o d e l i v e r t h e p a ss ag e i n s u c h a m a n n er a s t o b e u tt e r ly
ab s u rd fo r i t i s p o ss i b l e t o p r o n o u n ce t h e e m ph a ti c wo r d tb r ee i n s u c h
a t o ne a s t o i nd i ca t e th a t s i n ce h e h a s b u t t w o ears h e ca nn o t h ea r
‘ ’
.
23 2 NO TE S .

h a nd , p r o ph ecy a pp e ars t o h a v e a n ti c ip a t e d t h e cu nn i ng o f F re d e
no .

gu nd a w h o h u ng b e l l s 0 11 h e r h o r s e s a n d o r d e r e d e ac h o f h er w a r r i ors
t o t a k e a b o ug h i n hi s h a n d a n d t h u s t o m a r c h a g a i n s t t h e e n e m y ;
, ,

w h e re b y t h e s e n ti n e l s o f t h e h os til e ca m p w e r e d e c e i v e d b e l i e v i ng th e i r ,

h o rse s we re b ro ws i ng i n t h e n e i g h b o u r i ng fo r e s t u n t i l t h e F r an k s l e t
th e i r b o ug h s fa l l a nd t h e fo r es t s t oo d l e a fl ess b u t thi ck w i th t h e s h aft s
,

, ,

o f g l a n c i ng s p e a r s ( S e e G r i m m s Ger m a n P p u l r Ta l e i i It
’
o a s,

w as m e r e l y a m il it a r y s t r a t a g e m
. .

j u s t a s M a l co l m w h e n h e co m m a n d e d ,

h i s s o l d i ers o n th e i r fo r w ard m arc h t o c o n ce a l th e m s e l ves w i th b o ug h s

, , .

h ad n o o th e r e nd i n v i e w fo r h e k n e w n o t w h a t h a d b e e n p r o p h es i e d t o
,

M a cb e th T h e fo l l o w i ng p a ssage fr o m J oh W e y er D e P r a tgn s F r a nk
'

. .
,
s z ,

fu r t 1 5 8 6 p 3 2 9 i s n o t e w o r thy :
, , .
, W h o e ve r w i s h e s t o g iv e hi m s e l f t h e
a pp e a r a n ce o f h a v i ng a t h o u s a n d m e n o r h o rs e r o u n d h i m l e t h i m h a v e ,

3 y e ar o l d w il l o w b o u g h c u t o ff a t a s i n g l e s t r o k e w ith c e r t a i n c o nj u ra
.
-

t i o ns r e p e ti ti o n of b ar b a r o u s w o rd s a n d r u d e ch a rac t e rs A s i ngl e m a n ’

m i g ht r e a l ly fi nd s o m e d i ffi cu l ty i n g i vi ng hi m s e l f by t h e u s e o f t hi s b o a s t
, , .

e d c h ar m t h e a pp e ar a n ce o f a w h o l e a r m y ; b u t t h e i n v e n t o r e v i d e n tl y
,

fo u n d e d h i s p r e t e n s i o n u p o n a p o p u l ar l e ge n d a cco r d i ng t o w hi c h a b o l d
y thi s a r ti fi c e co n ce a l e d i t s w e a k n e s s fr o m a n e n e m y s u p e r i o r
,

arm y h ad b , ,

i n n u m ber s A cco r d i n g t o H o l i n s h e d h o we v e r M a l c o l m s a r m y wa s
’
.
, ,

s u p e r i o r i n n u m b e r t o t h a t o f M a cb e th a n d t h e co n c e a l m e n t w i th t h e ,

b o u gh s w as o n l y m a d e u s e o f i n o r d e r t h a t w h e n t h e y w e re t h r o wn ,

a wa y s u d d e n v i s i o n o f t h e s u p e r i o r i ty o f n u m b e r s m i h t c r e a t e m o r e
, g
t e r r or In m y M n u l of Ge m a n My t /z ol g p 5 5 7 i t i s s h o w n th a t t h e
. r a r o .
,

l e ge nd o f t h e m o v i ng fo r es t o r i gi n a t e d i n t h e G e r m a n r e l i g i o u s c u s t o m
of M a
y fes tiv a l s o r S u m m e r w e l c o m i ngs a n d th a t Ki n g G r ii ne w a l d i s
’
- -

, ,

o r i g i n a lly a W i n t e r
g i a n t w h os e d o m i n i o n ce ase s w h e n t h e M ay fea s t
T hi s i s t h e m y th i ca l b as i s o f
- -

b e g i ns a n d t h e g r e e n wo o d d r aws n i g h -

t h e M acb e t h l eg e n d
”
.

H a l l i we l l s a y s Th e i n c i d e n t o f c u tti ng d o w n t h e b ranc h e s o f t r e e s
“

i s re l a t e d i n t h e o l d r o m an ce l i fe o f A l e x a n d er t h e G r e a t t h u s t r a n s l a t e d
i n t h e T h o r n t o n M S i n t h e l i b ra r y o f L i nc o l n C a th e d r a l
,

.
, In t h e m e ne
t ym e Ky ng A l e x a n d e r r e m o we d hi s o s t e a n d d r e w n e r e t h e c i t e o f S u s i s
‘

, , ,

i n t h e w h i l k e D ar i u s w as l e nga n d t h e s a m e t y m e s o t h a t h e m y gt e ,

see a ll e t h e h eg h e h i l l e z th a t w a r e a b o w u n e t h e c i t e e T h an A l e x a n .

d e r co m m an d e d a l l e h i s m e n e t h a t il k a n e o f th a m e s u l d cu tt e d o wn e a
b ra wn ch e o f a t r e e a nd b er e th a m e fu r th w i t h t h a m e a n d d ry fe b i fo re
, ,

th a m e a ll e m a n e r e o f b es t e z t h a t t h ay m ygt e fy nd e i n t h e w ay ; a n d ,

w h e n t h e P e r cye n e s s a w th a m e fr a t h e h eg h e h i l l e z t h a y wo nd r e d t h a m e ,
7
g re t l y .

9 3 B i r n a m w ood , e t c
. T h e v il l a ge o f B i r na m i s a m o d e r n s u b u rb o f
.

t h e b e a u ti fu l t o w n o f D u n k e l d , w h i c h i s a b o u t s ix t e e n m il e s fr o m P e r th
by r oa d o r ra i l w ay B i r n am H il l ( 1 5 8 0 fe e t hi g h ) r i s es i n fr o n t o f t h e
.

vi l l a ge , a t p r e s e n t a l m o s t b a re o f t r e e s , th o u g h a n a t t e m pt i s b e i n g m ad e
t o c l o th e i t aga i n w i th fi r s a pl i ngs t a k en fr o m t h e o r i g i na l “ B i r n a m
W o od ”
In t h e r e a r o f t h e h o t e l a r e t w o t r e es , a n o a k ( se e c u t o n p
. .

2 2 7) a nd a pl a n e , w hi c h a r e b e l i e v e d t o b e a r e m n a n t o f t hi s fa m o u s
fo r e s t T h e D u n s i n a n e h ill s , t w e l v e m il es d i s t a n t , a r e v i s i b l e fro m t h e
.

no r th e r n s i d e o f B i r na m H i ll , w h i c h , as a r e ce n t wr it e r r e m a r k s , i s pre
 AC T IV . S CE Z VE I .
2 33

c i se l
y t h e p o i n t w h e r e a g e n e r a l , i n fu l l m ar c h t ow ar d s D u n s i n a n e , wo u l d
y
be l i k e l t o p a u se t o s u r v e y t h e pl a i n w hi c h h e m us t cross , a n d fr o m thi s
‘

s p o t w o u l d t h e l e a fy s cr e e n d e vi s e d b y M l co l m b e c o m e n ec e s sa r
”a
to y
c o n ce a l t h e n u m b e r o f t h e a d v a n c i n g ar m y .

D u n s z n a n e i s h e r e ac ce n t e d o n t h e s e c o n d s yl l ab l e ; b u t e l s e w h e re i n
t h e pl ay o n t h e l as t s yll a b l e , o r t h e r s t a n d l as t T h e C P e d s ay s fi . . . .

th a t t h e fo rm e r i s t h e l o ca l p ro n u nc i ati o n, a n d t h a t t h e wor d i s n o w s p e l t
T h e s t a t e m e n t i n r eg a r d t o t h e p ro n u n c i a ti o n i s co n
“ ”
D u n s i n na n
fi L
.

rm e d b
y C/u z m oer s s E n cy cl ope di a ( th o u g h ippi n co tt s Ga z et/eer g i ve s
’ ’

t e o th e r a cce t ) , b t t h e s p e l l i g s i n b o th th e s e a u
“
h n u n i D u ns i n n a n e
th o r i t i es In B l a ck s P i ctu r es qu e Gu i de t o S eot /a n a ( Ed i n b u rg h ,
‘
’ ’
.

as i n M u r r a y s , i t i s D u ns i n a n e
’ ”

t
.

9 5 Imp r em. P r e s s (a s i n [Cu /z Z ] 1 1 1 2 5 8, e t c

. fo r ce i n o h i s s e r . . . . .

vi ce C f 1 ff en 1 V i 1 2 1 , e t c
y
. . . . . . .

9 6 B od enz en ts
. P r o ph e c i es U s e d by S on l h e r e a nd i n 7 ! a n d C
. . . .

v 3 80
. . .

Th e fo l i o h as R e b e l l i o u s d e ad , w h i c h i s r e t a i n
”
’
9 7 R ebel l z on s l l ed o
'
’
. .

e d b y D a v e n a n t , R o w e , P o p e , a n d H a l l i we l l T h e l as t d e fe n d s i t o n t h e .

gr ou nd th a t M acb e th , c o n fid i n g i n t h e p r o p h e cy t h a t n o n e o f w o m a n
b o r n c o u l d h a r m h i m , w o u l d fe a r n o th i ng b u t t h e r e a pp e a r a n ce o f t h e
d e a d , a s i n t h e c a se o f B a n u o s g h o s t ; a n d t hi s fe a r w o u l d b e r e l i e v e d
’
q
b y t h e s e co n d p r o p h e cy B u t t h e e m e n d a t i o n i n t h e t e x t (d u e t o T h e o )
y
. .

i e l d s a s i m pl e r s e n s e , a n d i s a d o p t e d by m o s t o f t h e m o d ern e d i t o rs .

S o m e p r e fe r Re b e l l i o u s h e ad
”
.

9 8 Ou r l ug/z l a ced /z T hi s s e e m s s t r ange i n M a cb e th s ’

. [P .

m o u th , a nd w e h a v e s ee n n o s a ti s fa c t o r y e xpl a n a ti o n o f i t M obe rl y .

s ays : H e wh o i s s o c a l l e d b y h i s s u bj e c t s 8 0 a G r e e k m as t e r ca ll e d .

h i m s e l f a im 6g i n a d d r es s i ng h i s s l a v e s, a nd t h e d r i v e r o f It a l i an gal l e y
-

s l a v e s was ca l l e d t h e W a l k er s u gge s t e d Y o u r fo r
“ ”

O u r , w hi c h d o e s n o t h e l p t h e c a s e m u c h F l e a y re m ar k s
“ “ ‘
O ur .

h i g h p l a c d M a cb e t h cann o t b e s a i d b y M a cb e th h i m s e l f ; i t m u s t be
-
’ ’

p art o f a s p ee c h o f a wi t c h S we e t b o d e m e n t s l o ok s a l s o l i k’ e M i d d l e
.

t o n , a n d t h e w h o l e b i t i s , i n m y o p i n i o n , a fr ag m e n t o f H e m fe s i ns e r t e d
by h i m R e b e ll i o u s d e a d s e e m s t o m e a n a l l u s i o n t o B a n q u o s g h o s t ,
’ ’
.

m i s pl a c e d by M i dd l e t o n
”

L
.

99 ea s e of n a t u r e
. T h a t i s l e a se fo r t e r m o f l i fe
.
( R us h t o n) , .

1 06 Noi se . M u s i c ( Sc h m i d t ) C f Temp i ii 2 1 44
. . . . . .

“
th e is l i f ll
e s u of n oises,

S o u n ds a nd sw ee t a i rs , t h t gi v
a e l ht
d e ig and h ur t n ot .

S ee a so l
i i 1 9 5 ; H u n v 2 3 6 0, e t c
Co r . C f t o o S e ns e r , F Q
i . . 1 . . . . . p . . i .

39 : i
D u r ng t h e w c t h e i e wa s a e a e n no se , hi h
o n f l y m 1 or h v ly i M ilt .

Na tz u 9 7 : t h e s r nge d n o s e , Oa e a t a S ol em n M u sz eé , 1 8 : t h a t
“ ’
t i“
i
'

l i i
me od o us n o s e ; a n d C o l e 1 i d ge , A n a en t flfi n z n e r .

“
It ce a s e d t i ll t h i l ; yet s e sa s m ade on
A pl t i t i ll
e as a n n o se n o on

A i l ik f hid d b
n o se e o a en r oo k
I t h l fy m th f j
TS ih t tht t h i l t pt i g w d
n

n
a
e
e
o
ea

a
e s ee
u e
on
n
u ne .
o

”
oo
u n e,

s al l nig ht
g q
 NO TE S
2
34
.

Th e w o r d wa s a l s o u se d i n t h e se nse o f a co m p an o f m u s i c i a ns ; as i n y
2 H en I V i i 4 1 3
. . . . .

T h e s t age d i re c t i o n i n t h e fo l i o r e a d s : “ A s k ew of ezg g /z t Kz ng s ,
' '

1 1 1 .

qu o l a st , w i l l : a g l asse i n l z z s Iz a n a ; b u t t hi s i s i n c o n s i s t e n t w it h
’
ana B a
’
’
n

w h a t M a c b e t h s a y s i n l i ne 1 1 9 “
A s /z ow , i n th e a t r i ca l l ang u age i s .
,

p ro ce ss i o n, o r p a n t o m i m e i n w hi c h t h e a ct o rs re m a i n ed s il e n t , h e n ce
u s u a l l y ca l l e d a d u m b sh ow (D e l i us ) ”
‘
.
_

1 13 [J ana J o h ns o n s u bs ti t u t e d “ a i r , w h i c h D thi n k s r e ce iv es s o m e
. .

s u pp o r t fr o m V I T v 1 1 27 M o n c k M a s o n s a y s : It m e a ns th a t t h e
“
. . . . .

l z a z r o f b o t h wa s o f t h e s a m e co l o u r , w h i c h i s a n a t u r a l fe a t u re m o r e
'

l i k e l y t o m a r k a fa m i ly l i k e n e ss t h a n t h e a i r , wh i c h d e p e n ds u p o n h ab i t ,
a n d a d a n c i ng m as t e r -
.

1 16 S . t a t
r , ey es ! “
S t a r t fr o m y o u r s o ck e t s, s o th a t I m ay b e s p a r e d
t h e h o r ro r o f t he v i s i on (C P . .

1 1 7 T/z e or a cl e of d oorn
. T he b ur s t o f so u nd ( Sc h m i d t ) a t t h e d ay
.

o f d oo m ; o r t h e t h u n d e r a n n o u n c i n t h a t d ay ( C P Cf T A i i
g . . . . . .

1 3 :
.
“
t h u n d e r s c r a ck
’
a n d Tem
p i 2 2 03 :
“
c ra c k s o f s u l p h ur o u s . . .

r o ar i n See a l s o o n i 2 3 7 ab o v e
”
g . . . .

121 Tw of o l a’ ba l l s
. P r o b a b l y r e fe r r i ng t o t h e d o u b l e co r o na ti o n o f
.

J a m e s , a t S c o ne a n d W e s t m i ns t e r ( C P S e e In t r o d u c ti o n , p 9 . . . .

1 23 B l ood
. M a l o n e s ay s t h a t bol t er ed i s a p ro vi nc i al t e r m i n
V Va r wi ck sh i r e “
W h e n a h o rse , s h e e p , o r o th e r a n i m a l , p e r s pi r e s m u c h ,
.

a n d a ny o f t h e h a i r , o r w o o l b e co m e s m a t t e d i n t u ft s w it h gr i m e a nd
s we a t , h e i s s a i d t o b e b o l t e r e d ; a n d w h e n e v e r t h e b l o o d i ss u e s o u t
‘ ’

a n d co ag u l a t e s , fo r m i n
g t h e’ l o c k s i n t o h a r d c l o tt e d b u nc h es , t h e b e a s t i s
s a i d t o be b l o o d b o l t e re d B a n u o , th e r e fo r e , b o t h h e r e a n d a t t h e q
q t
-
.

ba n u e t , o u g ht t o b e r e p re s e n t e d w i th hi s h a i r c l o tt ed wi h b l oo d C£
y
.

w h a t t h e m u r d e r e r s a s, i i i 4 2 7 . .

t h h bi d s Safe i n di
WT h thl tw t tydt th ht d gt h h i h d ;
i

e e as
en
a
ren c

ea
e
a

o n a u re
as
c
es on
e

”
e
s
,

ea

a n d t h e e x cl am a ti o n o f M ac b e t h hi m s e l f i i i
4 50 , . .

TT hh y tl k t t ymI d i d i t ; v h k ou c an s
oc s
no sa
a
ne er s a e

y g or e .

T h e wo r d w ith s l i g h t d i ffe r e n c e o f s p e l l i ng i s u sed by H o l l a nd h i m se l f

, , ,

l iv i ng a t C o v e nt r y i n h i s t ra ns l a ti on o f P l ny xi i 1 7 s p e a k i ng o f a go a t s
,
'

z , .
,
’

b e ar d No w b y r e as o n o f d u st ge tti ng a m o n g i t ba l l er et /z a n d cl u t t e r e t h .

i n t o k n o b s a nd b a l s H a l l i w e l l s t a t e s th a t a c co r d i ng t o S h ar p s M S
.
”
,
’

W w i ct nz r e Gl sa ry s n o w i s s a i d t o ba l te t oge th e r a n d B a t c h e l o r
.
'

ar s os r
, ,

( Or r/z oepi ea l A n a ly s i s 1 809 ) s a y s th a t h a s ty p u d d i ng i s s a i d t o b e bol “

t ef ea w h e n m u c h o f t h e fl o we r re m a i n s i n l u m p s
,
’ ”
.

1 2 7 Sp gnts
. rz T hi s i s t h e s p e l l i ng o f t h e fo l i o a nd i s p re fe rre d b y
.
,

s o m e e d it o r s w h e n a s h e re t h e w o d d e s n o t r e fe r t o a pp a r i ti o n s
, r o
, .

C f V a nd A 1 8 1 :
. . A n d n w A d o n i s w i th a l a z y s p r i g h t ; R af L
.
“
o ,
”
. .

w it h h e a vy s p r i g ht E v e n w h e n t h e w o rd i s s p e l l e d s pi r
”
1 21 e tc , .

1 11 t h e e a r l y e d s i t i s
i ts
g e n e a l l y a m o n o s yl l a b l e r

A n ti q u e
.
.

1 30 A n t z e T h e fo l i o h as h e r e W e find a n ti ck a n d “ ”
'

a n ti q u e (t h e a c ce n t a l wa y s 011 t h e fi rs t sy l l ab l e ) u s ed p ro m i s cu o us l y
. .
.
236 NO TE S .

O ur fe ar s d o m ak e
Wh en our
us
ac
t r a 1 t o rs
ti on s
.
’
do n ot ,

O th ers w ou l d g i v e t o h o l d t h e s e n s e o f r e ce iv e , b e l i e ve A som e
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
.

wh a t s i m il ar p a ss age i s fo u n d i n K 7 onn , i v 2 1 4 5 . .

t l t I fi n d t h e e o e s ra ng e y fa n a s i e d ; p pl
th ll l P os se s s d w i r u m o ur s , fu
’
o f i d e d re a m s ,
h t th y ll
Not k n ow i ng w a e fe ar , b u t fu o f fe a r .

On f r o m b e ca use o f c f ii i 6 2 1 a b o v e
:
, . . . .

22 E a c/z w ay a n d m ove
. T h e o b a l d co nj e c t u r ed th a t w e s h o u l d r e ad .
,

E ac h w a y a n d w a v e C a p e l l A n d m o v e e a c h w ay J o h n so n , ,

E a c h wa y a nd m o v e And e ac h way m o v e ; and D r

“
S t ee ve n s
, , .

Ingl e b y W hi c h w a y w e m o v e T he C P e d say s : T h e fo l l o w i n g ” “

w hi c h we p u t fo r w ar d w i t h s o m e co n fi d e n c e y i e l d s b y t h e c h a n ge o f t w o
,
. . . .
,

, ,

l e tt e rs o n l y a go o d a n d fo rc i b l e s e n se E a ch w ay a nd n o ne T h at i s
’
.
, , ,

w e a re fl oa ti ng i n e v e r y d i r e c ti o n u p o n a vi o l e n t s e a o f u n ce r t a i n ty a n d
'

y e t m a k e n o w ay W e h a v e a s i m i l a r a n ti th es i s l l ]
.
f V i 2 65 H e , . o . . .

i s e v e r y m an i n n o m a n Per h ap s S wrot e E a c h w ay w e m o v e
’ “
. . .

If we r e t a i n t h e o l d r e ad i ng i t s e e m s b e s t t o m a k e m ove t o s s a b o u t ,
r -

as S c h m i d t e xpl a i n s i t C f Cy m b i i i 1 2 8 . . . . .

d hi h i pp i g an s s n

P o ig t b bl l — t ibl or n o ra n au es on ou r e s eas ,
e rr

gg h ll m v d p th ”
L k 1 g e e t -
s e s o e u on e i r s u r e s, e c .

H ( 2 d e d ) m ak es m oi / e
. . m o v e m e n t o r m o ti on w h i c h w e m i g h t p re
:
,
~

fe r i f S a n y wh e r e e l s e u s e d
. a s a n ou n .

e ll i p s i s o f t h e n o m i n a ti v e s e e G r 3 99
“
23 S /z a l l
. Fo r th e .
, . .

29 It w ou l d be my d i sg r a ce
. T h a t i s I s h o u l d g i v e way t o u nm a n l y .
,

wee p i ng T h e C P e d c o m p ar e s H e n V i v 6 3 0
. . . . . . .

B u t I h ad n ot s o m u ch o f m an i n m e ,
A n d al l m y m o h e r ca m e i n o m i n e e e s , t t y
v t A n d ga e m e u p o e a rs
t
”
.

30 S i r r a lz
. U se d pl ay fu l l y It w a s o r d i n ar il y a dd r e s se d t o i h
. .

fe r i o r s a n d w as co ns i d e r e d d i s re s p e c t ful o r u n d u ly fa m il i a r i f a ppl i e d
, , ,

t o a sup eri or C f l t/u /z A d o i v 2 1 4 . . c ,

. .

D gb y Y i h o er r o u r s, s rr a
7

C d I m g tl m on r a d my m e . C d a a en e an , S l l
‘

, an na e 15 o n ra e .

It w as a l s o a dd r e s s e d t o w o m e n S ee A a n d C v 2 2 2 9 : s i rr a h . . . . .
.

F r n e ss c i t e s o th e r i ns t a n ce s fr o m B a n d F a n d W e b s t e r
”
Ira s go , . u . . .

3 2 l Vi l /c w m C f R i c/z I] i i i 2 1 75 : I l i ve w it h “
. O n w orm s or s . . . . . . .

br e a d l i k e y o u G r 1 93
”

34 L i m e
. . .

. B i rd l i m e C f Temp i v 1 2 4 6 a n d T G of V i i 2 68
.
-
. . . . . . . . . .

3 5 Gi n . S na r e C f T J V i i 5 9 2 ; 2 H e n V] i i i I 2 6 2 e t c
. . See
. . . . . . . . .
, .

a l s o P sa l m s e ]
5 x

It i s a q u e s ti o n w h e th e r th i s r e fe rs t o t h e t r a p s j u s t m e n
, . .

3 6 T/z ey. .

t i o n e d o r t o oi r d ( G r D e l i u s m a k e s i t t h e l a tt e r
s In e ith e r c as e
. .
,

as t he C P e d r e m a r k s t h e e m p h a s i s i s o n P oo a n d t h e m ea n i n
. . .
g is , r ,

th a t i n l i fe t a p s a re n o t s e t fo r t h e p o o r b u t fo r t h e r i c h
r .

4 7 S wea r s a n d l i es
. T h a t i s p r o ves fa l se t o h i s o a th p e rj u r e s h i m
.
, ,

sel f .
 A C T IV S CE NE 111 2 27
.

E n o w S ee o n 1 1 3 7
56
y
. . . . .

In y o u r s ta l e , e t c
65 . I a m p e r fe c tl y a c q u a i n t e d w i t h o u r n ob l e ra nk
.

a nd c h a r a c t e r C l a r k e re m a r k s : T h e m a n se e s h e r i n h e r o w n cas tl e ,
.

a n d k n o ws h e r t o b e i t s l a d y m i s t r e s s ; b u t h e a l s o se e m s t o k n o w th a t

s h e i s a v i r t u o u s , a k i n d , a g o o d l a d y as w e l l a s a n o b l e l a d y , a n d th ere

fo r e c o m e s t o w ar n h e r o f a pp r o a c hi ng d a nge r O n p erf ct , cf W T
” e
. . .

111
3 I
h p t th hi p th p
. .
“
e r fe c d
’
T ou a rt e n , ou r s ha t ou ch u on
t B h
.
”
T h e d e se r s of o e m i a ?

a nd Cy m b ii i . .

I am p e r fe c p t
lib t i w
a
TThh t
a
ei r
th e
er
P ann oni an s
e s a re no
a nd
in
D l
a m t i an s for

6 6 [ d on ae I s u s p e c t fe a r
. t C f M W i 4 42 e tc , . . . .
, .

6 7 [f am e/y
. P l ai n h u mb l e S a l s o u se s i t i n t h e o th e r s ens e of
.
, . .

pl a i n fe a t u r e d u g ly ; a s i n T G of V 1 1 4 9 8 C of E i i I 89 e t c
-

, . . . . .
, . . . .
, .

69 T f r zg/z t e t c
. o 0 1 t h e c o ns t r u c t i o n s e e G r 3 5 6 3 5 7
r
, . 1 ,
.
, .

70 To d w or se
. T h a t i s t o l e t h e r a n d h e 1 c hi l d e n b e d e s t ro y e d
o .
,
r

w it h o u t w a r n i ng ( J o h n s o n ) A n o th e r e xpl a na ti o n as s u m e s t h a t t h e m e s
y pi ty a nd r e m o 1 s e h a d
.

s e n e i w as o n e o f t h e m u r d e 1 e r s w h o a c t u a t e d b
g , ,

o u t s t r ipp e d h i s c o m p a n i o n s t o g i v e w a r n i n g o f th e i r a pp r o a c h .

7 5 S om eti m e
. S e e 0 11 i 6 1 1 o r R i /z I] p 1 5 8
. . .
, c . . . .

8 1 W/z e e
. O 1 1 w /z e r e fo l l o w i ng s o s ee G r 2 79 ; a nd fo r m y st G r
r .
, . a , .

412 .

T h e fo l i o s h a v e s h ag e ar d ,
’ “ ’
82 S /z ag l z a z r d
. s h a gge e a r d ,
. or
s h ag e a r d , w hi c h s o m e m o d e r n e d s 1 e t a i n
’
S t e e ve ns w a s t h e fi i s t t o . .

s u b s ti t u t e s h ag b a i r d , w h i c h h e s h o ws t o b e co m m o n i n t h e o l d pl a y s
“ ’
-
.

f H V] i i i 1 367 “
a s h ag i d c a ty k e n
f (t h e r o ugh , r ug
’
C 2 . e n . .h a r r . r .
“ -

h e a d e d k e r ns o f P i c l i ii 1 M a l o n e n o t e s th a t l en i r w as s o m e
L
. . .

t i m e s w r i tt e n h e a re , an d c i t e s od ge , l n ca r na fe D evi l s , e t c , 1 5 9 6 :
“ ”
.

sha
g h e ar d s l a v e
”

LLL
-
.

E gg T h e C P e d q u o t es
. v 1 78 : t h o u p i ge o n egg o f d i s
.
“
. . . . . . .
-

cr e ti o n ; a nd T a n d C v 1 4 1 F i nc h egg
fi
-
. . . .

83 F ry . C f V a n d A 5 2 6 : “ No
. . s h e r b u t t h e u n g ro w n fry fo r
. .

b e a rs .

SC E N E III P a l a ce
.
—
G iv e n b y D i n pl ace o f A
B f e or e t /z e Ki ng ’
s . .
“

R oom i n Me Ki ng s P a l a ce fo u nd i n m o s t e d s T h e c h ange i s fa vo u re d
’ ”
. .

b y l i n e 1 40 : C o m es t h e k i ng f or zl z , I p r a y y o u ? ” ‘

C f t h e e xt r ac t fro m H o l i ns h e d , p 1 4 5 ab o v e
y
. . .

3 M or t a l
. D ead l Cf i . . . .

4 B es tr i d e S t a nd o v e r t o d e fe n d C f C of E v 1 1 9 2
WD h p
. . . . . . . .

en I b es t ri d th ee in t h e w ar s a n d t ook
ee s ca r s t o sa e t h y v l 1 fe

and 2 H en I V . . i . 1 . 2 07

Te ll th
s h e d o t be s r id e a b e e d i n g a n d ,
em h t l l
G as p l
i ng fo r i fe u n d e r gr ea B o l i ng b i o k e t
B i r t/z dom ( us e d by S . no w he re e l se =
) m o th e 1 cou n r t y . It i s B i r th
d o m e i n t h e fo l i o .
 238 NO TE S .

6 S t r i /ee l z ea ven ,
. e tc . Th e C . P . ed . n o es t the s om e w h a t s i m il a r hy
p e rb o l e i n Te mp i . . 2 .
4
th t t h
B ut a e se a , m o u nt i n g t o t h e we l k in
’
s c h ee k ,
D h th fi as es e re ou t .
”

C f M g VJ i ‘
.

T h e w a e r k i ng d om , w t y h os e a m b i ti ou s h ea d
pt
S e s i n t h e face o f e a h v en
”
.

W e h a ve a l s o “
t h e fa ce o f h ea v e n i n P i cl i . iv .
4 . 239 ; th e c o u dy l
c h h ea v e n
ee k s of ca l l e d t h e e ye in P ic li .i ii .
3 57 . Th e . su n is “
of

h e a v e n i n i 3 2 75 a n d t h e s e a rc hi ng e ye o f h e a v e n i n i i i
”
. .
,
“
. of

t h e sa m e pl a y .

F o r t/z a t s o th a t s e e o n i G r 2 83
C f t h e fi g u ra ti ve u s e o f t h e wo r d
. . .
,

8 Sy l l a bl e
. E xp ress i o n c ry .
, . . in
v .

10 . O n fo fo r, se e G r 1 8 9
To f r i en d . Cf 7 C i i i 1 1 43 I k no w
r
. . . . . . .
“

th a t we s h a l l h a v e h i m w e l l t o fri e n d ; P i cl i i v 1 3 07 : “ I h a v e a . . .

k i ng h e r e t o m y fl a t t e re r, e t c S e e a l so M a l t i i i 9 , L u k e i i i 8 , e t c
”
. . .
, . .

1 1 fr .011 t h e re d u n d a n t u se o f p r o n o u ns, se e G r 2 42 , 2 43
. . .

1 2 S ol e n a m e
. M e r e n a m e , ve 1 y n am e . .

B l i s ter s ou r l ong u es W e h a v e t h e s a m e fi g u 1 e 1 11 R a n d 7 i i i
LLL
. . .

. v 2 33 5 , a n d W T 1 1
. . . . . .

C f i i i 2 26
’
14 Tou c/z d
. . . . . .

1 5 D e er ve
s T h e fo l i o s h a ve d i s c e r ne or
“
d i s ce r n T h e c o r re c
y
. . .

t i o n, l i k e s o m an o th e rs , i s d u e t o T h e o .

A n d w i sd om A n d i t i s w i sd o m S e e e x a m pl es o f s i m il a 1 e l l i p s i s 1 11
. .

G r 403 . Va r i o u s e m e nd a ti o ns h a v e b e e n s u gge s t e d ; as
.
’
t i s wi s d o m ,
’

a nd w i s d o m t w e r e , a nd w i s d o m b i d s, a nd wi s d o m i s i t ,
“ ’ ” “ ” ”
etc .

19 R ecoi l. F a l l o ff, d ege n e r a t e

.
( Sch m i d t) C f Cy m b i 6 1 2 8 . . . . .

R e c o i l fro m y o u r gr e a t s t o c k w h e n a c ti n g
” “
In a n i mper i a l ch a rg e z
.

b y a k i ng s co m m a n d ( M o b e r ly ) J H u n t er e xpl a i n s i t , w h e n i n v e s t
’ ”
. .

e d w i th s o v e re i g n ty , a pp a r e n tly re fe r r i n g i t t o M a cb e th
‘

21 Tr a n sp ose
. C h a nge t ra ns fo r m It h as t h e s a m e m e a n i ng i n t h e
. , .

o n l y o th e r p as s age w h e r e S u s e s i t , [V ] /V D i 1 2 3 3 . . . . . .

h
T i n gs b ase and vil h l d i e. o q ua it ng n o l y .

L v o e ca n t rans p o se to fo r m a n d d i gn i ty .
”

23 Wou l d
A p pa 1 e n tl y s/z ou l d , b u t c f G r 3 3 1
L
-

. . . .

24 oo/ so . T h a t i s , l o o k l i k e g 1 ac e
e
. C f M f or M 1 1 1 2 9 7 : M er . . .

y s n o t i t se l f t h a t o l o k s s o
”
c i ft o .

l /z a ve l os t my l z opes T h a t i s , b e c a use th e y d e p e n d e d u p o n h i s b e i ng
.

t ru s t e d b y M a l co l m .

2 5 P e n /l a n ce, e t c
. P e r h a p s b e c a u s e y o u i o w n c o u r s e ( i n l e a vi ng y o u r
.

fa m ily a s y o u d i d ) co m p e l s m e t o d i s t 1 u s t yo u
'

2 6 R a w n ess .
“
W a n t o f d u e p r e p a 1 a t i o n a nd p r o v i s i o n ( S c h m i d t )
. .

S u se s t h e w o r d o n l y h e r e , b u t t h e a d v e r b r a w ly ( a l s o u se d b u t o n ce )
.

h s a s i m il i v 1 1 4 7 : c h il d e n r aw ly l e ft Th e C
”
a a r s e n se i n H e n V “
r

q
. . . . . .

P ed uo t e s T e n n y s o n Ix a w h a s t e , h a l f s i s t e 1 t o d e l a y ’
. . .

2 7 M ot i ves . O ft e n a p pl i e d b y S t o p e 1 so n s ( D e l i us )
. Cf T o fA . . . .

v 4 2 7 ; 01 11 i v 2 4 3 ; A a n d C ii 2 9 6 , e t c
. . . . . . . . . .
2 40 NoTE S .

74 l at 011 t h e co n s t r u c ti o n see G r 277

v i l q u a l i ti es Th e C P e d com
.
. .
, .

7 7 [l i .
-
co m osed
p C o m p o u nd ed . of e . . . .

p a re s “
we ll ”
co m p o se d in T . a n d C i v 4 79 Afl e ti n . d i s p o s i ti o n
. . . c o .

7 8 S ta n . c/z l es s In sa t i a t e a 2
, . . C f st n c/z s a ti a t e i n 7 1 A i i i 1
. 15 . . . .

T hi s o n e s See G r 2 1 7
’
80 H i s . . . . .

8 2 T / i a .
’
S o th a t G r 2 83 . . .

F org e F r am e , fab r i c a t e
. U se d b y S i n b o th a go o d a n d a b a d s e n s e . . .

Cf A W i T h e b es t w i s h e s t h a t c a n be fo rge d i n y o u r t h o ught s ;
“
. 1 85
. . .

1 d i v 1 26 : t h e l i e s h e fo rg e s ,
“ ”
. . . etc .

86 S m m er em g
u . s e i n
“
W hi c h a pp e a r s t o b e l o ng t o t h e h e y d a y o f
-
.

o u th , a n d t o p a s s w i th i t ( M o be r l y ) I t i s c o n t ra s t e d w i th a va r i ce,
y .

whi c h i s l i fe l o n g “
S u m m e r t e e m i ng a nd
“
s u m m e r s e e d i ng
.
”
h av e - -

b e e n s ugge s t e d a s e m e n d a ti o n s M a l o ne n o t e s th a t D o nn e h a s wi n t er
L
.

s e e m i ng
’
in ove s A l c/ z m
y y
l v
S o , o e rs d re a m e a r i c h a nd l ong d e ig l ht ,

B u t g e t a w m t e r see m i n g -
s u m m e rs ni g ht .
”

8 8 F oi s on s
. . Ri ch h a r v e st s pl e nty , . C f S on n . .

p
S ea k of t h e S p r ngi and fo i s o n of t h e y ea r ;
T h e on e d o t h h s a d ow o f y b our eau ty h s o w,
Th e o e r as th y ou r b ou n ty d th pp o a e ar .
”

S e e a l s o Temp i i 1 1 6 3 i v 1 1 1 0, e t c . . .
, . . .

8 9 [ Her e ow n
. A b s o l u t e ly y o u r o w n C f l i ne 1 5 2 b e l ow, a nd s ee
. . .

Tem p 1 1 1 , n o t e o n l Ve a r e m er el y c/z ea ted Gr 1 5

L
. . . .

P or t a bl e E n d u r ab l e ; a s i n ea r , i i i 6 1 1 5
. H o w l i g ht a n d p o r t a bl e . .

m y p a i n seem s now In t h e o n ly o th e r i ns t an ce o f t h e w o r d i n S i t i s . .

u s ed i n t h e l i t e r a l m o d e r n s e ns e a n e n i n e n o t p o r t ab l e T a nd C
“ ”
g ( . .

ii 3
. . H o l i s h e d h s i mpor t a al e i n th i s c o n n e c t i o n
n a
“
m i n e i nt e m
p e r a n c i e s h o u l d b e m o r e i m p o r t ab l e vn t o y o u , e t c S e e p 1 46 a b o v e
”
. . . .

9 0 /V
I ezg/ z ed w i t /
z W e i g h e d aga i n s t , co u n t e r b a l a n ce d b y
L y
. . .

9 2 V er i t
.
y T r u th fu l n e s s , h o n es ty . C f A Y i i i 4 5 :
2
“
h i s v er i t . . . . . . .

i n l o ve
”
.

Temper a n ce S e l f r es t r a i n t C f M f or M i ii 2 2 5 1 ; H e n
. i . . . . . .

1 . 1 2 4 ; Cor i i i 3 2 8 ; 17 am i i i 2 8 , e t c . . . . . . .

9 3 P er sever a n ce
. A c ce n t e d 011 t h e s e c o n d s yl l ab l e , a s i n 7 1 a n d C
. .

ii i 3 1 50 S u s e s t h e w o rd n o w h e r e e l s e P er sever h e a l w a y s a cc e nt s
. . . . .

011 t h e p e n u l t as i n T G o
f V iii 2 25 A y, a n d p e r v e rs e l y s h e p e r . . . . .

S e e a l s o C o E i i 2 2 1 7 ; M M D i ii 2 2 3 7, e t c
”
Gr
s e ve r s s o . .

f . . . . . . . .

49 2
fl
.

9 5 P el i sl i of : No t
.
, b u t s m ack or a ou r o f C f 2 H en r el i s h
f or v . . .

IV .2 1 1 1i . s o m e s m a ck o f a e , s o m e r e s
.
g o f t h e s a n ess o f me li h lt ti
f / am 3 92 . no re siii .o f sa a on .
”
li h l v ti .

9 8 T/z e s w eet m i l ls, e t c

. Cf 5 I5 . . i . . .

99 Up r oa r
.
“
S r u p t o u m u
”
( Sc m d )
. It i s fo u nd n o w e r e ti t lt h i t . h
l
e se a s a e rb v
q
.

1 04 U n t i tl ed S t e e ve ns
. uo es a u ce r , T 1 7 1 72
. a t i tl el e s t Ch C . .

t i ra u n t .

1 05 W/z ol es om e H e a ros e ro us C f 211 I V In s a e l thy p p v t t

fit L
.
.
, . . . . .

as wh o e s o m e a s i n s a e t i s l ’
; ea r , 4 2 30
”
w o es o m e we a , e t c t t i . . h l l .
 A C T IV . S CE NE . III .

1 06 S i n ce t /i a t
. See G r 2 8 7 . . .

1 08 B eed
. r P a r e n t a ge . C f It i e l i II i i 1 4 5 :
’ “
T hi s h a ppy b re e d
. . . . . .

( ra ce ) o f m e n ; a n d Id i i 1 5 2 ro y a l k i ng s , F e a r d b y th e i r b r e e d
“ ’
. . .

( 011 a cc o u n t o f th e i r b i r th ) , e t c
L
.

1 1 1 D i ed every d ay s/z e l i v d
. i v e d a l i fe o f d a il y m o r t i ficat i o n ( D e
’
.
n

l i u s) M a l o ne c i t e s 1 Cor x v 3 1
. I d i e d a i ly . . .

T h e fo l i o h as w h i c h i s re t a i n e d b y S r S t , a n d o th e r s .
, .

fi b r e i s t h e n a d i s s yl l a b l e P ope h as “ ”
G r 4 80 O h fa r e
. . . .

1 1 8 Tr a i n s A r t i fi ce s , l u r e s C f t h e u se o f th e v e r b ( : e n ti ce , a l l u r e )
LLL
. . . .

i n C of E i i i 2 4 5 ;
. . . . i 1 7 1 1 H en I V v 2 2 1 , e t c
. . . . . . . . . .

1 19 M od es t w i sd om , e t c
. C a u ti o u s w i s d o m h o l d s m e b a ck . .

u n sa y i n P i c/t II i v I 9 ; M IV D i 1 1 8 1 ;
“ ”
1 23 .U pea k
n s Cf . . . . . . . . . . .

H e n VII] v 1 1 7 7, e t c
. . . . .

1 25 F or
. AS S e e G r 1 48
. . . .

1 33 H e e pp
. r a r o a ch -
C f “
h e r e r e m a i n i n l i ne 1 4 8 G r 4 2 9 .
-
. . .

1 3 4 Ol d S i w a r d
. A s t h e C P e d r e m ar k s , h e w as t h e s o n o f B eor n,
. . . .

E a r l o f North u m b e r l a n d , a n d re n d e r e d g r e a t s e r v i c e t o Ki ng E d war d i n
t h e s upp r e ss i o n o f t h e r e b e l l i o n o f E a r l G o d w i n a n d h i s s o n s , 1 05 3 Ac -
.

c o r d i ng t o H o l i n s h e d , wh o fo l l o w s B o e thi u s , D u n c a n m a rr i e d a d a u g ht e r
o f S i war d .It i s r e m a r k ab l e th a t S , w h o s e e m s t o h a v e h a d 11 0 o t h e r .

gu i d e t h a n H o l i n s h e d , 011 thi s p o i n t d e s e r t s h i m , fo r i n v 2 2 h e c a l l s . .

S i w r d M a l co l m s u n c l e It i s t r u e th a t nep h e w w as o ft e n u se d l i k e
’ “ ”
a .

n e p o s, i n t h e s e nse o f gr a n d so n b u t we k n o w o f n o i n s t a n ce i n w hi c h
u nc l e i s u s e d fo r g ra n d fa th e r
“
.

A l r ea dy T h e fo l i o r e a d i ng S o e e d i t or s a d o p t R owe s A l l
m “
’
1 35 . . .

r ead y .

A t a p oi n t , l i k e a t p oi n t z c o m pl e t e 1 y, p re p ar e d fo r a ny e m e rge n c y
(“S c h m i d t ) Cf Ham i
. . A rm d a t p o i n t ;
’
. ea r , i 4 L . .

k e e p A t p o i n t a h u nd i e d k n i g ht s e t c T h e C P e d co m p a r e s F o x e s
’
. . . . .

A cts a n d M o n u m en ts , e d 1 5 70 : “ Th e R e g i s t e 1 t h e i e s i t t yng b y, h e yi ng .

w e ery , b e l yk e , o f t a r y i ng, o r e l s pe 1 ce a u y ng t h e c o n s t a n t M a 1 t y i s t o be
at a
poi n t , ca l l e d vp o n t h e ”c h a u n ce l o u r i n h as t t o’ r i d t h e m o u t o f t h e
w a y, a n d t o m ak e a n e n d S o a l s o i n B u ny a n s if e . W h e n th e y L "

s a w t h a t I w a s a t a poi n t a n d wo u l d n o t b e m o v e d n o r p e rs u ad e d , M r .

F o s t e r t o l d t h e j u s ti ce th a t th e n h e m u s t s e nd m e t o p r i s o n F l or i o
”
.

( It a D et ) g iv e s , E sse r e i n p u n t o , t o b e i n a r e a d i ne ss e , t o b e a t a
“
l . i .

p oi n t . C f H o l i ns h e d s .
’ “
fa l l e n a t a p o i n t , p 1 3 9 a b o v e
”
. .

1 36 m e c/z a n ce, e t c M a y t h e c h a n ce o f s u cce ss b e as ce r t a i n a s

q
. .

t h e j u s ti ce o f o u r u a r re l C P D e l i u s e xp l a i ns c/z a n ce of g ood
”
( . .

s u c ce s s fu l i s s u e , o u r r i g ht e o u s
“ “
n ess a s a n d w a r r a n ted u a r r el as
q
c a u s e
”
. O 1 1
qu a r r el ,
c f i 2 1 4 H a n m e r
g a v e
“
o u r c h a n ce , i n g o o d
. . . .

a n d J o h n s o n s u gge s t e d t h e c h a n ce , O g o o d n e ss
’’ “
1 e ss , S t h as be . .

l i k e —a pp ro v e 01 fa v o n i
”
.

1 40 1 5 9 Th e C P e d it 0 1 s e xp r e ss t h e o pi n i o n th a t th e s e l i n e s
-
. . . we r e
p r b ab ly i n te 1 po l a e d p r e v i o s o
o t u t a r ep r e se t a ti o n a t C
n o u rt
”
Fl e a y .

a s c r i bes th e m t o M i d d l e t o n M r H a l e s s u gge s t s th a t , i f th e y a re a n
. .

i n t er p o l a ti o n , S m ay hi m se l f h a v e i nse r t e d th e m fo r t h e C o u r t pe r
.

fo r m a n c e .

1 42 S t ay l z i s cu r e
. W a i t t o b e h e a l e d b y h i m C f T G of V 1 1 2
. . . . . . . .

Q
242 NO TE S .

1 3 M y fa th er s t ay s m y co m i ng ; M (7 V i i 8 40 : B u t s t a y t h e
:
“
. . .
“

v e y r i p i ng o f t h e t i m e e t c
r ,
”
.

C n vi n es e t c O v e r p o w e r s t h e u t m os t e ffor t s o f m e d i ca l s k i l l O n
o c , . .

es c f i 7 6 4
'

con v , . . . .

1 45 P esen t ly . Im m e d i a t e l y
r S e e M er p 1 3 1 o r P i c/z II p 1 8 2
. . . .
, . . . .

T h e s cr o fu l a o r t h e k i n g s e v il as i t was l o n
g ca l l e d
“ ’ ”
1 46 T/z e vi l . e .
, , .

T h e C P e d r e m ark s : E d wa r d s m i ra cu l o us p o w e rs w e r e b e l i e v e d i n
“ ’

b y h i s co n t e m p o ra r i e s o r a t l ea s t s o o n a ft e r h i s d e a th a n d e xp r e s s l y
. . .

, ,

re co gn i z e d b y P o p e A l e x a n d e r III w h o c a n o n i z e d h i m T h e p ower o f .
, .

h e a l i ng w as cl a i m e d fo r h i s s u cce s s o rs e a r ly i n t h e t w e l ft h ce n t u r y f r ,
o

i t i s c o nt ro v e r t e d b y W i l l i a m o f M a l m e sb u r y a n d asse r t e d l a t e r i n t h e
w h o h e l d a h i g h o ffi ce i n t h e R o y a l
,

s a m e c en t u ry by P e t e r o f B l o i s ,

H o u s e h o l d (s e e F r e e m a n s No m a n Con q est vo l i i pp 5 2 7
’
Th e r u , . . .
,

s a m e p o w e r wa s c l a i m e d fo r t h e k i n g s o f F r a n ce a n d w as s u pp o s e d ,

t o b e c o n fe r r e d b y t h e u n c ti o n o f t h e S a i n t e A m p o u l e 011 th e i r co r o n a
’

ti o n W i l l i am T o o k e r D D i n h i s C /t a i m a eu D on m S a n a t i on i
.
, . .
, r s s u s,

1 5 9 7 w hi l e c l a i m i ng t h e p o w e r fo r h i s o w n s o v e r e i g n E l i z a b e th co n
c e d e s i t a l s o t o t h e M o s t C h r i s ti a n Ki ng ; b u t A n d r é L a u r e n t phy s i c i a n
»
, , ,

t o H e n r y IV o f F r a n c e t a x es t h e E ng l i s h s o v e r e i gn s w i th i m p os t u r e
.
, .

H i s b o o k i s e n ti tl e d D e M i r a b il i s t ru m a s s a n a n d i vi s o l i s G al l i a e R e g i
,

b u s C h r i st i a n i ss i m i s d i vi ni t u s c o n ces s a , e t c , 1 609 T h e R om an C at h o
’
. .

l i c s u bj e c t s o f E l i z a b e t h , p e r h a p s o u t o f p a t r i o ti s m , c o n ce d e d t o h e r t h e
p os sess i on o f t hi s o n e v i r t u e , t h o u gh th e y w e r e s om e w h a t s t agge r ed t o
q
fi n d t h a t s h e p o sse sse d i t u i t e a s m u c h a ft er t h e P a p a l e x com m u n i ca ti o n
a s b e fo r e J a m es t h e F i r s t s p ra cti ce o f t o u c h i ng fo r t h e e v i l i s m e n ti o n
.
’

e d se v e ra l ti m e s i n Ni c h o l s s P r og r es ses , e g vo l i i i p p 2 6 4 , 2 73 C h ar l e s
’
. . . . . .

I , w h e n a t Y o r k , t o u ch e d s e v e n ty p e r s o ns i n o n e d a y C h a r l e s II a l s o
fi
. . .

t o u ch e d w h e n a n e xil e a t B r u ge s , o m i tti ng p e r h a p s , fo r s u f c i e n t r e a s o n,
t h e gi ft o f t h e c o i n H e p ra c ti s e d w i t h s i gn a l s u cce s s a ft e r h i s r e s t o r a
.

t i o n O n e o f D r J o h n s o n s e ar l i e s t r e co ll e c ti o ns w a s t h e b e i ng t a k e n t o
. .
’

b e t o u c h e d b y Q u e e n A nn e i n 1 7 1 2 ( B o s w e ll , vo l i p E v e n S w i ft
fi
. . .

s e e m s t o h a v e b e l i e v e d i n t h e e f c a c y o f t h e c ur e ( Wa r / s , e d S co tt , v o l
e
. .

ii p . . T h e W hi gs d i d n o t c l a i m t h e p o w er fo r t h e H a n o v e r i an
s o v e r e i n s , th o u g h th e y hi hl y r e se n t e d C a r t e s c l a i m i n g it fo r t h e P r e
’

g g
t e n d e r i h h i s H i s t o r y o f E ngl a n d ”
.

A fo r m o f p r a y e r t o b e u s e d a t t h e ce r e m o n y w a s i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e
B o o k o f C o m m o n P r a y e r a s e a r l y a s 1 6 84 , a n d w as r e t a i n e d u p t o 1 7 1 9 .

A s l a t e a s 1 74 5 P r i n ce C h a r l es a t H o ly r o o d t o u ch e d a c hil d fo r t h e e v i l .

1 49 S ol i ci t s . M o v e s b y h i s p ra y e rs C f
. i 2 2 : D o th “
. . . .

m o r e s o l i ci t m e th a n y o u r e x cl a i m s
”
.

1 52 IW er e S e e 011 l i n e 8 9 a b o v e
. . .

1 53 A g ol d en s t a mp
. A s t h e C P e d r e m a rk s , t h e r e i s 11 0 w a r ra n t i n
. . . .

H o l i ns h e d fo r t h e s t a t e m e n t t h a t t h e C o n fe s s o r h u ng a g o l d e n c o i n o r
s t a m p a b o u t t h e n e ck s o f t h e p a ti e n t s T hi s wa s , h ow e v e r , a c u s t o m .

wh i ch p r e v a i l e d i l a t e r d a y s P r e v i o u s l y t o C h a r l e s II s ti m e s o m e
’
n . .

c u r re n t co i n , a s a n a n ge l , w a s u s e d fo r t h e p u r p o s e , b u t i n h i s r e i gn
a s p e ci a l m e d a l w as s t r u c k a n d c a l l e d a t o u c h pi e ce T h e i d e n ti c a l -
.

t o u c h p i e c e w h i c h Q u e e n A n n e h u n g r o u nd t h e n e c k o f D r J o h n s o n
-

i s p r e se r v e d i n t h e B ri t i s h M u s e u m .
2 44 NO TE S .

Cf . l i ne be l o w
2 36 . The pl u r al w as u se d i n the s am e s e n s e (so f or ce an d
f or ces no w ) See . A r e l evy i ng p ow er s 7 C p
. . . 1 6 8, t
n o e 011 .

191 Non e T h e r e i s n o n e F o r t h e e l l i p s i s , s e e G r 403

. . . . .

O n g i ve o u t z s h o w ( S c h m i d t ) , c f W T i v 4 1 49 ; T IV . . . . . . iii .
4 . 2 03 ;
on i i i 3 2 09 , e t c
. . . .

1 9 4 Wo u l d S e e G r 329
L
. . . .

1 95 a l el i .C a t c h C f S on n . . . .
0

F or i t n o fo r m d e i e r s t o t h e e ar lv h t
fl
O f b i rd , or ow e r, o r s a e , w i c i t d o h hp h h t lth a c .

S c h m i d t e xpl a i ns t h e v e r b i n M IV 3 6, wh e re s i m i l a r ly . D i ii 2 . . . some
m a k e i t z s m e a r ; a m e a n i ng fo u n d n o wh e r e e l se .

S p e n se r h as l a t e/z ed : ca ug ht , i n S /t ep Ira l M a r c h , 9 4
'

. .

I h tt th t p t “
S o o ng s o , l a a l w as s e n ;
p t I l tly t T h o u m i e s on es 1 as hen _ ,

th h v l And re w ; b u t n o u g t a a i e d ;
l ht H e w as s o w i m b e a n d s o w i g ,
F h h l pp l ht rom bo u g t o b o ug he e ed ig ,

p lth A n d o ft t h e u m i e s a c e d
”
.

C f G o l d i ng s O v i d IlIet i
. A s th o ug h h e wo u l d a t e ver i e st r i d e
’
, .
, ,

b e t we e ne hi s t ee t h hi r l a t c h and I Iet v i i i
V . .

B t th t gh f h t t t hi k l v d by t h w y
“
b u a a ou o c es n u -
re e , c -
ea e , e a
D id l t h i t t a c ,
”
e c .

1 9 6 A fi e gr i ef
. A gr i e f th a t h a t h a s i ng l e o wn e r
-

(J o h nso n) .
.

2 02 P os ess t /t em w i t /z
. s F il l th e m w i th C f K 7 ol i n i v 2 2 03 . . .
, . .
:

W h y se e k s t th o u t o p o s ses s m e w i t h t h e s e fe a r s ?
’
Se e a l s o 1 H en
”
.

I V i i 2 1 1 2 ; H en VIII i i 1 1 5 8 ; M W i 3 1 1 0 e t c
. . . . . . . . . .
, .

2 06 Q u r
y
. D e a d b o d i e s ; l it e ra l l y t h e g a m e k i l l e d i n h u n ti ng
ar . Cf , . .

C r i 1 2 02 a n d H a m v 2 3 75
o . . .
, . . . .

2 08 IV S t ee ven s n o t e s th a t t h e s a m e e xp r e ss i o n
’
e e p u l l y o r l i nt e t c
. r u , .

o cc urs i n t h e o l d b a l l a d o f No r th u m b e r l an d b e t r ay e d by D o ugl a s
H p ll d h i h tt d w v hi b w e u e s a o n o er s ro e,
hi h t h w f ll w ”
A d i t n n s e ar e as u oe , e c .

2 09 T/z e g r i ef t/ mt d oes n ot sp ea k e t c
. S t e e ve ns q u o t es W eb s t e r , .
,

W/2i te D evi l
P o o r e ar , b r e ak ; h t
Th e se ar e t h e ll
k i i ng g r i e fs w i c d a re n o t h h s pe ak ;

S e n eca , H ippoly t u s : “
C u ra e l e v es l o q u u n t u r, i nge n t es s t u p en t ; ’
a nd
G r e e n e , f ai r B el /or a
“
L i gh t t p
Wh en
s o r r o we s

g re a t th e
of en
h tear
s e ak e ,
1 11 S 1 l e 11 ce b re ak e .

Cf . V . a nd A 3 29 .

“
t h th l
Wh en i t
0

15
’
th e
h e ar a t r eb e w r o n g
.

b ar r d t h e a 1 d a n ce o f t h e t o ngu e .

W/ nsper s
F o r t h e o m i s s i o n o f t h e p r e p o s i ti o n , see G r 2 00
’

2 10 . . . .

2 1 2 M u s t be W a s d e s ti ne d t o b e ( G r
. . .

216 H e Iz a s n o c/z i l d r en
. T h e C P e d t a k e s th i s a s r e fe r r i ng t o M a c . . . .

be th : th e re fo re m y u t m os t r e v e nge m u s t fa l l s h o r t o f t h e i nj u ry h e h as
 ACT IV S CE NE III
. .
24 5
fl
i n i c t e d u p on m e W e p r e fer, w i t h M a l o n e , t o a ppl y i t t o M a l co l m
. .

C f Ir 7 ol z n , i i i 1 9 1 : H e t a l k s t o m e th a t n e v e r h a d a s o n M ob e r
'
”
. . . .

l y r e fe r s i t t o M a cb e th b u t e xpl a i n s i t th u s : H a d h e h ad c hi l d re n, h e
c o u l d n o t h a ve d o ne i t H e c i t e s 3 H en VI v 5 6 3 . . . .

hv hi l d b t h ; i f y h d
You a e no c r en , u c e rs ou a ,
h ght f th m w l d h v t i d p m
Th e t ou o e ou a e s rr
’
u re or s e .

2 2 0 D i p u te i t C o n t e nd w i th y o u r p re s e n t s o r r ow s ( St e e ve ns)
s
“ ”

figh t aga i ns t i t o r p e r h a p s r e as o n u p o n i t a s S c h m i d t e xpl a i ns i t

. .
,
”
.
, , ,

22 1 B u t I m u t a l so f eel i t e t c
. O n thi s p a s s a ge H o r n ( q u o t e d b y
s , .

F u r n e ss ) r e m a r k s P u t th e s e l i n es b e fo re h u n d r e d s o f F r e n c h E ng l i s h
:
“
, ,

a n d G e r m a n t ra e d i e s a n d th e y s o u n d l i k e s c a thi n
g g s a ti re ; p u t th e m
,

b e for e E gm o n t o r W i l l i a m T e l l a n d th e y g i v e u s a h e a r ty d e l i g ht Let , .

th e m ne v e r aga i n ye d e ar p o e t s s o u n d l i k e i ro ny b u t g i v e u s h u m an b e
, , ,

i ng s w i t h h e a r t s t h a t c a n b l e e d a n d h e a l ! T h e n y o u w i l l n e v e r s h r i n k
fr o m t h a t m o tt o ”
.

223 T/t a t
. O 11 t na t fo l l o w i n g su ch s e e G r 2 79
.
, . .

2 25 IVa ug /i t
. W o r thl e s s t hi ng C f H a m i i i 2 1 5 7 :
. Y 0u ar e . . . . .

n a u gh t
”
etc , .

2 29 Con ver t C h a nge C f P of L 5 9 2 : F o r s t o n es d i ss ol v d t o

. . . . . .
“ ’

w a t e r d o co n v e r t ; Id 6 9 1 Thi s h o t d es i r e c o n ve r t s t o c o l d d i s d a i n
.
“

M u c/z C o u r t e s y i t s e l f m u s t co n v e r t t o d i s d a i n e t c
B ut g
, .

23 1 en tl e l z ea ven s e t c It i s h e re a n d n o t a t l i ne 2 1 6 th a t t h e
p oss i b i l i ty o f re v e nge o n M a cb e th fi rs t o cc u r s t o M a cd uff ( D e l i us)
.
, , .
_ , ,

2 3 2 In t er m i s si on
. D el ay C f M of V i ii 2 2 0 1 . . . . . .

l vd I l y d ; f i t mi i
“ ’ ’
Y ou o , o or n er ss o n
N m p t t m m y l d th o y or e e r ai ns o e, or ,
an ou .

2 3 4 S ope . S ee on i i i 4 20
c . . . .

Too If I d o n t k i l l h i m th e n I a m w o r s e th a n h e a n d I n o t
’
235 . .
, ,

o n l y fo rg i v e h i m m y s e l f b u t p r a y G o d t o fo r i v e h i m a l s o ; o r p e r h a p s i t
g ,

i s t h e n I a m a s b a d as h e a n d m ay G o d fo r g i v e u s b o t h
, I ca nn o t p o i n t , .

t o a n i ns t a nc e a n y w h e r e o f l a ngu a g e m 01 e i n t e ns e ly c h a 1 g e d w i th m e a n
, ,

i ng ’
(H )
T i s Ro we s e m e n d a o n fo r t h e
un e m e o f t h e fo o s
’
O n t h e ad ti ti “ ”
li .

ve r b i a l u se o f m a n ly , s ee G r 44 7 Cf 5 1 . . ii i . . . .

C l i v
o e r d ge o b s e r e s :
“
H o w ad m rab a cd u ff s gr e f i s i n
’
ar m on i ly M i h y
w i tht h e w o e h l pl y
a ! It r e nd s , n o t d ss o e s t h e e a r ‘
The une of i lv h t t
y
.

itg o es m a n
’
ly l h us 1 5 S a w a s m a s e r o f m s e f a n d o f hi s s u b e c l t hi l j t
a ge n u n e P r o e u s — we se e al l
. .

i t n s i n hi m , as
g m a ge s i n a c a m a k e th i i l l
m o s d s n c , m o s a c cu ra e — o n
t i ti t t m 01 e s e n d d , m o re gl m i fie d t ly pl i .

2 3 7 Ou r l a ce, e t c
. W e n ee d o n t h e k ng s e a e t o s e t o u t ; o r ,
’
.
“

ly i l v
p h p t
e r a s , t o a k e o u r e a e o f t h e k ng Sc m d m ak es t he a e r l v h i t i . it l tt .

2 39 P u t on “
Se t t o wo r k
”
( Sc m d ) Cf Ham 7 1 32, 2 h i t iv v
L
. . . . . . . . .

408 , e t c . t
It o f e n m e a n s t o n s ga e , nc e ; a s i n ea r , 4 2 2 7, Ot/t i i i ti t i i t i . . .

3 3 57 , etc .

F o r i n s t r u m en ts a ppl l e d to p e r s o ns , cf 1 . .
3 . 1 2 4 an d 1 1 1 . 1 . 80 ab o ve .
 NO TE S .

N
S C E E I — 3 We n t i n t o t/z e fi el d S te e ve ns t hi nk s S fo r go t th a t h e
y
. .
. .

h ad s h u t u p M a c b e t h i n D u ns i n a n e ; b u t , a s B o s we l l n o t e s , R o ss s a s
”
i( v 3 1 8 5 ) th a t h e h a d se e n t h e ty r a n t s p ower a fo o t
. .
“ ’
T h e s t r e ng t h .

o f h i s a d v e rs a r i es , a n d t h e r e v o l t o f h i s o w n t r o o p s ( v 2 h ad p r ob . .

a b l y l e d h i m t o r e t r e a t i n t o h i s cas tl e .

4 IVi g/z tg ow n S e e o n i i 2 70
L
. . . . .

9 .E j ec t s .A c ti o n s . C f II.a m i ii 4 .1 29 . ea r , i .I 1 8 8, i i 4 1 8 2 , e t c . . . . .

1 0 Slumo
. ery F o r o th e r a dj e c t i v e s o f s i m i l ar fo r m a ti o n , s ee G r 4 5 0
.
. .

1 1 A ctu a l C o n s i s ti ng i n d o i ng a nyth i ng, i n con t r ad i s ti n cti o n t o

y
. .

th o ught s o r wo r d s ” ( Sc h m i d t ) ; a s i n Ot/z i v 2 1 53 , t h e o n l o th e r i 1i . . .

s t a nc e o f t h e w o r d i n S .

1 7 Cl os e
. . H i d d e n ; as i n 7 C i 3 1 3 1 , e t c
. . . . .

20
’
. T i s Iz e r com m a n d . D r B u ck n i l l a s k s :
.
“
W as th i s t o a v e r t t h e
p r e s e n ce o f th o se s i g htl e s s s u b s t a n c es ( i 5 4 7) o nc e i m pi o usl y i n
‘ ’

q
. .

vo k e d ? S e h s e e m s w as hi n g h er h a n d s , a n d ‘
c o n ti n u e s i n t hi s a ua rt e r

o f a n h o ur
’
. W h a t a co m m e n t 011 h e r fo rm er b o as t , A l ittl e w ate r ‘

c l e a rs u s o f thi s d e e d
248 NO TE S .

ab e l . See a so l W T . i . 2 . 1 2 8, iv .
4 744 . M al o n e ci t es
.
7011 71 v , . 2 .

1 33 T h is u nh a i r
’
d s a u c ne s s a n d i b o yi s h t ro o p s .
”

1 1 . P r otes t . P roc laim . Cf . iii .

4 . 1 05 ; a nd 0 11
fi r s t cf m a n /z ood , ii i .

1 1 1 7
L
. .

1 3 . esser . S . u se s i t se v e ra l t i m e s as a n a d v e r b S e e 011 i . .
3 65 . .

1 5 S t ee ve n s
. no es t t h a t we h a v e t h e s a m e m e t a p h o r i n T . a nd C . 11

2 .
30 “
An d b u ck e i n a w a i s m os fa om l t t th l
iW th p
s an s a n d i n c e s so d im i n u i
A s fe a r s a n d r e as o n s
”
h
.
tv e
e ss

D , C o l l , a n d H (2 d e d ) a d o pt W a l k e r s
’ “
Sr .
, . . c o u rse fo r ca u s e T he
. . .

C P e d e x pl a i ns d i stemper d ca u se as t h e d i so rga n i z e d p a r ty , t h e d i s
. .
’
.

o rd e r e d b o d y o v e w hi c h
r h e r u l es In st e a d o f b ei g l i k e
n
“
a we l l
g i rt .
-

”
m a n , t ii Z w vo g fu l l o f v i go u r , h i s s t a t e i s l i k e o n e i n d r o p s y We -

h a v e t h e sa m e m e t a ph o r m o re e l ab o ra t e d i n 2 H en I V i ii 1 3 8
Th
. . . .

Kz ng . en y ou p e r ce i v
y f e the k i gd m b od o ou r n o
H ow fo u i t i s ; ran l w a ht k di g w s ease s ro ,

A nd w i w a d an g e r, n e a rth h t th h t f it e ea r o .

l Va r w i ck i s b u t as a It . b dy y t d i t m p d t
o e s e er
’
,
”
e c

8 M i n u tely
1 . .
, H a pp e n i ng
( S ch m i d t ) e v e ry m i n u t e co n ti n u a l .

U se d n o w h e re e l s e by S
fi
.

2 0 Not /l i ng . A d v e r b i a l , as i n v 4 2 .Gr 5 5 Fo r t h e gu re t h a t . . . . .

fo ll o ws c f i 3 1 4 5 , . . . .

T ro u b l e d , p e r pl e x e d C f H a m i 2 2 2 ; T a nd C v
’
2 3 P es te r d . . . . . . . . . .

1 3 8, e t c
. 0 11 t o r ecoi l = fo r r e co il i n g s e e G r 3 5 6
. C f iv 3 1 9 ,
. . . . . .

S o m e c r i ti c s t a k e thi s t o m e a n phy s i ci a n ( Fr nt ed eci n ) ,

’
2 7 Il/ed i c i n e . . .

as i n A IV i i 1 75 , a n d I .
/V T i v .
4 59 8 .S c h m i d t s o e xpl a i n s i t h e re
. . . . . . .

B u t t h e n e xt l i n e r a th e r fa v o u r s t a k i ng i t i n i t s o r d i n a r y s e ns e [Inn .

m a y r e fe r t o M a l co l m , a s H e a t h s u gges t s , n o t t o m ed i ci n e It i s n o t .

e a s y t o d e c i d e b e t we e n t h e t w o i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s C f i i i 4 76 . . . . .

3 0 D ew A l s o u s e d a s a v e rb i n V a n d A 66 ; M IV D i i 1 9 ;
. . . . . . . .

R a n d 7 v 3 1 4, e t c
. . . . .

SC E N
III — 1 T/i e m E T h a t i s , t h e th an e s
. . . .

3 Ta i n t B e i n fe”c t e d C f Cy m b i 4 1 4 8 , a n d T IV ii i 4 1 4 5 W a l k e r
. . . . . . . . . . . .

c o nj e c t u r e d fa i n t
“
.

5 O n t h e m e a s u re , s e e G r 49 6
. F o r pr on ou n ce, cf H en VIII i 1 1 9 6 . . . . . . . .

8 E ng l i s l i epi cu r es
. Th e C P e d o b s e r v es t h a t g l u tt o n y w as a co m . . . .

m o n c h a rge b r o u g h t b y t h e S co t c h a ga i n s t t h e i r w e a lth i e r n e i g h b o u r s
q
.

Th e E ng l i s h p o c k p u d d i ngs i s a ph r a se o f fr e u e n t o cc u 1 r e n c e i n t h e
“ -

W a v e rl e y No v e l s T h e E ngl i s h t o o b 1 o u g ht s i m il a r c h ar ge s aga i ns t t h e i r
q
.

C o n ti ne n t a l n e i gh b o u 1 s D e l i u s u o t e s fr o m t h e d r am a o f E d w a r d IIL , .

fa l se l y a tt r i b u t e d t o S h a k e s p e ar e
T h os e e v er b i bb i n g
-
e pi c u re s ,
T h ose fr o thy D t u c h m e n, p u ff
’
d w it h doub l e b ee r .

9 . TIM m i
I swa y l y T a i s , a m d re c e d by ( S c m d )
nd So m e . h t i t h i t .

e x pl i it
a n ,
“
by w c I be a r r u e hi h l .

1 0 S ag D roo W e n fe r fr o m t h e P ed a t h e wo r d i s o np i C th t ly
Li
. . . . . .

p 1 o vi nc i a l i n E ng a n d k e s o m e o e r w o r d s we a e n o e d i n S , l . th h v t . it
 ACT V . S CE NE III .
2 49

i s s ti l l i n co m m o n u se i n Ne w E ng l a n d S e e M er p 1 39 , n o e 011 Fi l l . . . t
l i ar s e ; a l so o n P a d d ock , i 1 1 0, a n d S /i ver d , i v 1 2 8 a bo v e
’
. . . . .

13 T/z er e i s S ee G r 33 5
L
. . . .

1 5 Ls C o wa r d l y C f ea r , i i 2 1 8 : A l il y l i ve r d
“ ’

M V
-
. . . . .

a c ti o n t a k i ng k n a v e ;
-

f
o i i i 2 86 : l i v ers w hit e a s m i l k ;
“
. . .

2 H en I V i v 3 1 1 3 : t h e l i v e r w hit e a n d p a l e ,
“ ”
. . . e tc. .

P a tc/z C l o wn, fo o l S e e M en p 1 4 2 C f Temp i i i 2 7 1 ; C of E

. . . . . . . . . .

iii 1 32 etc
Li
. . .
,

1 6 . n en c neeé s S t e e ve ns q u o t es H en V 1 1 2 74 : “ T h e i r
. . . . . c heek s
a re p ap e r .
”
S ee o n i ii 4 1 1 6 . . .

20 F i i sl i. . A tt a ck , o n s e t ( S c h m i d t ) as i n
7 C v 2 5, e tc . . . . .

21 PVi /l c/z eer m e, e t c

. Th e Ist fo o h as “
W c h e e re m e e u e r , o r . li ill
i
d s e a t e m e no w ; t h e o
-
”
th
e r f o li h v
o s a e
“
d i
se as e
”
fo r
“
d i s ca et C p ll
”
a e -
.

j t
co n e c u r e d
“
i t
”
hi h
d s se a , w c h a s be e n ge n e ra lly ad o pt it
e d b y t h e e d o rs ,
w ith i h p y’
B s o P e r c s s ugge s o n ti o f “
c a h i
r fo r
“
h
c eer
”
S u s es nei th er . .

v y h
d i s sea t n o r t h e e r b c/z a i r a n w e r e e s e l F u r n es s s ugge s s t d i s e a se ,
”
.
-

hi h
w c , a s h e r e m a r k s, “
l i l ti th i
i s t h e og ca a n es s t o c/z eer , a n d i s u s e d w hit
no l i ttl
e fo ce r i n t h e ea r li
e r ve r s o i
n s o f t h e N e w T e st a m en t ”
L
Cf u k e, . .

v ii i 4 9 (b o
. th i
i n C r a nm e r s Ver s o n , 1 5 3 7, a nd i n t h e ve r s o n o f 1 5 8 1 )
’
i
ht
T h y d a ug e r i s d e a d , d s ase i
e n ot t e h M t
a s er
”
C t v
o gra e g iv es .

i t
d s e as e , r o u b e l ”
et c , as t l ti
ra n s a o n s o f t h e F r m a l a i ser l
S ee a s o
. . .

S pe ns e r , F Q ii 2, 1 2
“
. l
H i s d o u b e b u r d e n d i d h i m so r e d s e ase
. . i
ii W o m rag ng w nd s
h i i iv ly i
,

”
Id 2 , 24 : d o e d e rs e d s e as e , e t c F ur
fi ti
. . .

n e ss m g i ht h va e a d d e d a s a co n r m a o n o f hi s r e a d n g i th t a ly
i n t he o n
o th i t
e r ns a n c e i n w hi h
c S u ses d i s ea se a s a e r b v it is i n t his s e ns e Se e . .

C or i
3 117:
.
“
.She w . il l i
b u t d s e as e o u r b e e r m rtt i th H e u s es t h e .

n o u n d i sea se se ve r a l ti t l v x ti
m e s i n t h e s e ns e o f r o u b e , e a o n C f 1 H en . . .

VI .ii
5 44 . .

Fi t l t hi g d b k g i t mi
A d i th t I l l t ll th m y d i n
m ;rs ,

n
ean

a e ase
ne a e
’
ac
e
a
ee
a ns ne ar
sease
”
.

S ee a l so A W v a nd T f A i i i
. . . . o . .

22 W y J o h nso n conj ect u re d M ay w h i c h t h e C P e d i t ors thi nk “ ”

. a .
, . .

S . v e r y p r ob a b l y w r o t e M a l o ne q u o t es R i ch II i i i 4 4 8 .
”
. . . .

H th t h th d th i d i d p i g
'
’
fl d e a a su er s so r er
’
s r n

H th w h i m l f m t w i t h t h f ll f l f a no se e e a o ea .

W sa y s . D r J o h n s o n s e m e nd a ti o n i s a s t e p p r os e w a r d a l th oug h
:
“
.
’
-

s p e c i o u s l y p oe t i c
”
.

23 Se r . S c h m i d t a nd M o b e r l y t ak e th i s t o b e a no u n ; S t e e ve n s
a .
,

H a l l i we ll a nd D e xpl a i n i t as a n adj e c ti ve w h i c h s e e m s t o u s be tt e r
, .
, .

S u se s t h e n o u n o r a d j e cti v e se r e ( t h e s a m e wo r d ) e l se w h e r e o n l y i n
.

H a m i i 2 33 7 : t i ck l e d o t h e se re ( w h e re t h e m e an i ng i s m u c h d i s
“ ’
.
~
. .

p u t e d ) and i n C f E i v 2 1 9 :
“
H e i s d e fo r m e d cr o o k e d o l d a nd
. c . . .
, ,

s e re .

O n y el l ow l eaf ; cf . S o n n 73 . . 1
“
Th e t i m f y th m y t i m b h l d
W h y ll w l v
U p th b gh t
on
en e
e o
f w d h g
os e
o
ou
e ar
ea
ou
e s, o r n o n e , o r
s,
”
e c.
a s n
e
e

,
e

o
o
an

24 . Ol d a
ge . C l a rk e s ugge s t s t h a t M acbe th s m e n t i on ’
of hi m s e l f a s in
2 5 0 NO TE S .

t h e au l i fe i s one o f th o s e t o u c h e s o f l o ng ti m e sys t e m a ti call y

t umn of
th r o wn i n a t i nt e r va l s t o co n v e y t h e e ffe c t o f a s u ffi c i e n tl y e l a p se d pe
,

r i o d fo r t h e re i g n o f t h e u s u r p e r s i n ce h i s m ur d e r o f t h e p r e ce d i n
g k i ng
D u n ca n F u r n e s s as k s :
. M ay w e n o t a d d as o n e o f th ese t o u c h e s ‘

t h e t ar d y r e c ogn i ti o n o f R o s s b y M a l co l m i n i v 3 1 60 . .

3 5 M oe M o re C f M a c/z A d o i i 3 72 S i ng n o m o r e d itti e s
( w h e r e i t r hy m e s w ith s o a s i t d o es i n R of L
. . . .
, . .
,

s i ng 11 0 m o e , . .

C i i 1 72 . . th e re a r e m o e w i th h i m e t c Th e m o d e r n e d s ge ne r
.
,
”
. .

a l ly c h a nge i t t o m o re u nl e s s t h e r hy m e r e q u i r e s m o e
” ”
, .

S ki e r S co u r . U s e d by S o n ly h e r e a n d i n H en V i v 7 64 w h e r e
. . . . . .
,

i t i s i n t ra ns iti v e .

40 T/z ou . 011 t h e u se o f t h e p r o n o u n i n t h e ti m e of S se e G r
. .
, .

23 1
t h a t w e h a v e t h e s a m e fi gu re i n H a m i 5 1 03
.

42 D e . l i us no es t . . .

W ith i n t h e b o o k a n d v o l u m e o f m y bra i n .
”

4 3 Ool i o i ou s
. C a u s i ng fo rge t fu l ness ( S ch m i d t ) S u ses t h e word
. . .

o n l y h e r e a nd i n t h e c o m p o u n d a l l ob l iv i o u s (fo rge t fu l o f a l l ) S on n -
”
, .

9 .

S t zgfl d bosom of fl u ! per i l ou s s t zc fi T h e r e m ay b e a co rr u pt i o n o f

’

t h e t e xt h e re , a s m a n y c r iti cs h a v e s u pp o s e d , b u t s i m il a r r e p e t i ti o ns a re
‘

n o t u n co m m o n i n S C f v 2 1 9 a nd v 8 72 i n t h e p re s e n t pl a y. Se e
. . . . . .

al so A a n d C i A W i i 1 1 63 , v R a nd 7 i i i 2 9 2 ;
'

. . . . . . . . . . .

K 7ob n , i i I 4 7 1 , e t c V h as “ l o a d a n d C o l l “ g r i e f ” fo r sci /j :
L
. . . . .

a n c e , a c co r d i n g t o S c h m i d t ; a s i n Id
701272 i i 1 3 1 8 ;
“
4 8 S ay t . .
, . .

R i c/z III v 3 6 5 , 3 4 1
. . ItIu cn A d o, v I 1 3 8 , e t c
. . Th e C P e d e xpl a i ns . . . . . .

i t as t h e ge ne ra l s b at o n
“ ’ ”
.

5 0 Com e, si r , d i spa t ch
. T h e se w o r d s a r e a dd re ss e d t o t h e a t t e n d a n t
w h o i s b u c k l i ng 011 t h e a r m o u r T h e ag i t a ti o n o f t h e s p e ak e r s m i nd i s
’
.

m a r k e d b y h i s t u r n i n g fro m o n e t o t h e o th e r No s o o ne r i s t h e a r m o u r .

p u t o n t h a n h e b i d s t h e m a n p u l l i t o ff ( l i n e a n d th e n ( l i n e 5 8 ) o r d e r s
i t t o be b ro ugh t a ft er h i m ( C P
fi
. .

Ca st T hi s w as t h e w o rd i n u se fo r n d i ng o u t d i so rd e rs by i ns p e c ti o n
.

o f t h e wa t e r ( S t e e ve ns ) S e e T IV p 1 5 3 , n o t e o n 9 7 . . . . .

5 2 P u rg e, e t c C f i ii 4 76
y
. . . . . .

55 S e n n a. T h e r e a d i n
g o f t h.e 4 t h fo l i o Th e I s t h as
“
C m e th e .

D s u gge s t s th a t cy m e w as a m i s p r i n t fo r
“ ”
2 d a nd 3 d , C ae ny
y
. .

c n ne ,
y o n e o f t h e m a ny w a s o f s p e l l i n
g s en n a .

59 B a ne R u i n, d e s t r u c ti o n ; as i n T a n d C i v 2 9 8 , T A v 3 7 ,
. .

3 . . . . . . .

e tc .

6 1 , 6 2 F l e ay r ej e c t s thi s co u pl e t a s a
. wa s hy s en t iment , a nd
“
o ut
o f pl a ce a ft e r M acb e th s e m p h a ti c d e c l a ra ti o n
’ ”
.

SC E N
IV —2 Tl i d i E W h e n S e e G r 2 84 ; a nd on n ot/ri ng , G r 5 5
. . . . . . .

H t hi n k s t h e a l l us i o n i s t o t h e s p i e s m e n ti o n e d a t i ii 4 1 1 ; R itt e r
.

3 . .

r e fe rs i t t o t h e c i r c u m s t a n ce s o f D u n c a n s m u r d e r
’
.

6 D i scovery
. T hi s r e fe r s t o M acb e th ’ s s pi es ( D e l i us )
.
.

8 Gi l z ef . S e e G r 1 2 a n d cf 1 2 3
’
. . . .

1 0 Fo r set d ow n z s i t d o w n , or b e i n a s i e e , cf Cor i 2 2 8 i
.
g g , 3 1 10 ; . . . . . .

T of A v 3 9 , e t c
. . . . .
2
5 2 NO TE S .

30 G r a ci ou s my l or d
. Se e o n i i i 2 2 7 . . . .

3 7 T/ us t ar ee m i l e 011 t /z i s , cf 1 H en I V i ii 3 5 4 ; a nd fo r m i l e i n
'

. . . . . . .

t h e pl u r a l , IlI W i i i 2 3 3 M a c/c A d o, i i 3 1 7, e t c /
. S e e a l so R i c/z II
. . .
, . . . . .

p 1 8 2 , no t e 011 A i nou sa u d pou n d

. .

D e l i us r e m ar k s t h a t S h as h e r e so m e wh a t s h o r t e n ed t h e d i s t a n c e o f .

t we l v e m i l es b e t we e n B i r na m a nd D u ns i n a ne b u t al l t h a t t h e m e s
s y s s th t m o v i ng g r o v e i s n ow t h re e m il e s d i s t a n t
“
s e nge r a i a t h e
q
.

40 Cl i ng S h r i n k o r s h r i v e l u p ( S c h m i d t )
. . The C P ed u o t es . . . .

M i e ge 1 68 8 ) C l u ng w i th h u nge r , m a i gre , s e c, e l an ce, co m m e

ti ne p e rs o n ne a ffa m é e ; a nd T o cl u ng, a s wo o d w il l d o b e i ng l ai d u p
a te r i t i s cu t, s ec h
f e r , d e v eni r sec
”
M o o r, i n h i s S uflol /é Wor d s , gi v e s .
’

Cl u ng : s h r u nk , d r i e d , s h r iv e l l e d s a i d of a ppl e s , t u rn i p s, car ro t s, ” e t c .

42 P u l l i n . R e i n i n, c h e c k M M a so n q u o t e s F l e t c h e r, S ea Voy
. . .

a 11 1
g e, .

Al l m y s i r i s , p t
th y hAs i f p ll e h a d e a r d m y as s i ng be go for m e , -

ll th p P u in ei r ow e rs a n d g l ve m e u p t o d e s t i ny .

Pa l l in a nd p a l e i n h ave be en s ugge s t e d a s e m e n d a ti o ns
“
.

49 . Gi n . S e e 0 11 i 2 2 5 O n a w ea ry c f M of V i 2 2 ;
. . .
, . . . . . I IV D
II . . .

v et c
—
. .

T h e C P e d it o rs s ay t h a t l i ne s 4 7 5 0
. . a r e s i n g u l a r l y w e ak , a n d r e ad
l i k e a n u ns k il fu l i m i t a ti o n o f o th e r p a s s a ges w h e r e M a c b e t h s d es p e r a
’

ti o n i s i n t e r r u pt e d b y fi t s of d e s p o nd e n c y ”
W e a r e r a t h e r d i s p os e d t o .

a re e w i th C r a i k , w h o , c o m m e n ti n 011 7 C i v 3 9 5 F o r C a ss i u s i s
g g . . . .

a we a ry o f t h e w o r l d ) e e s t o t h e p r e se n t a s a n o th e r o f S h a k e s p e ar e s
”
r f r
’

“
m os t p a th e ti c l i ne s .

5 0 E s t a t e .
“
S e ttl e d o r d e r ( C P . P o p e c h a n g e d it t o
“
st ate . . .

C f i 3 1 40. . . .

5 1 A l a r u m oel l
. W h as a l a r u m
“
S ee o n 1 1 1 5 3 -

O n w r a c/e, cf
. . . . . . .

1 .
3 . 1 14 .

52 . H a r n ess . A r m o u r ; as i n T a n d C v 3 3 1 A and C i v
. . .
, . . . 8 . 1 5,
etc . S e e a l so 1 Ki ng s , xxii 3 4 ; 2 Cl i r on . . xv i ii 3 3 a nd ix 2 4 . . .

S C E E VI —1 L eaoy N C f M u ck A d o, 1 1 3 75 , a nd P er v 1
. . . . . . . . .
51
( w h e r e m o s t m o d e r n e d s h a ve
“
l e afy .

2 S /z ow S e e 011 i 3 5 4
V
. . . . .

4 B a tt l e .B a tt a l i o n C f 7 C v 1 4 , v 3 1 08 ; H en
.
i v 3 6 9, . . . . . . . . . . . . e t c.
H o l i ns h e d u s e s t h e wo r d (se e p .

5 To d o .S e e G r 3 5 9 , 405 C f v 7 2 8 a nd v
. . . . . . .

7 D o w e li n t /i n d
. S e e G r 364 . . .

1 0 H a r bi ng er s S e e 011 i 4 4 5
'

. . . . .

N
S C E E VII — 1 T/z ey l i a r/e t i ed , e t c D e l i u s cit e s ea r , i ii 7 54 :
. .
“
I . L . .

a m ti e d t o t h e s t a k e , a n d I m u s t s t a n d t h e co u r s e ” B e a r b a i ti ng w as a .
-

fa v o u r it e s p o r t i n t h e o l d e n t i m e Th e b e a r w a s ti e d t o a s t a k e , a n d a .

c e r t a i n n u m b e r o f d o s a l l o w e d t o a tt a c k h i m a t o n ce E a c h o f th e s e
g
q
.

a tt a c k s w a s c a l l e d a c ou r s e S t e e ve ns u o t e s B r o m e , T/z e A n t i od es,
p .

Y o u s h a l l s e e t wo t e n d o g co u rs e s a t t h e gr e a t be a r ”
“
1 63 8 -

W/z a t s l i e F o r w /z a t , se e G r 2 5 4
’
. . .
 ACT V . S CE NE VIII .
2 53

4 You ng S i w a r d
. H i s n a m e w a s r e a ll y O sb e o r n ; b u t h i s co u s i n
.

S i “ a i ( 1 w a s s l a i n 1 11 t h e s a m e b a ttl e ( M o b e r ly) .

7 T/ca n a ny i s
. A ny w /z t c/z 1 8 S e e G r 2 44
. . . .

1 7 [( er n s S e e 0 11 i F u r nes s a dd s h e r e t h e fo l l o w i ng (s e n t t o
q
. . .

h i m b y R u s ht o n ) fi o m C o k e , 4 In s t 3 5 8 “
Ga l l owg l a s ses , e u i t e s t r i a . .

r i i q u i s e c u r i b u s u t u n t u r ac u t i ss i m i s Ker n es s u n t p e d i t es q u i j a cu l i s .

”
u t u nt u r .

8 S to nes Th e w o rd s taj w as a ppl i e d b o t h t o t h e s h a ft o f a l a n ce

r
1 . .

a n d t o t h e l a n c e i t se l f S e e 011 v 011 ez t /z er a s m e t r i ca l l y a
’

. .

m o n o s yl l a b l e , s e e G r 4 66 A ft e r t/z ou , m us t b e e n co u n t e r e d , or
q
. .

s o m e t hi n g e u i v a l e n t , i s u n d e r s t o o d .

2 0 U n d eed e d
. No t u s e d e l se w h e re b y S ; a nd t h e s a m e i s t r u e o f
. .

ct a tt er i n t h e n e xt l i n e A s t h e C P e d r e m a r k s , M a coet/i i s p ar t i c u l a r
. . . .

l y r e m ar k a b l e fo r t h e n u m b e r o f th e s e li n a éf Xey ép w a .

A n n o u nce d w it h n o i s e ( Sc h m i d t) ; as i n H a m i 2
“ ”
B r u i tea
’
22 . . . . .

1 27
y
.

24 . Gen tly . R e ad il . Sc h m i d t co m p a r es Temp . i . 2 . 2 98 :

“
A nd d o
my s pi r iti n g ge n tly .

27 It self p r of ess es
. D e c l a r es i t s e l f . .

2 9 S t r i k e bes i d e u s
. S t r i k e t h e a i r ( S c h m i d t ) , o r d e l i b e r a t e ly m i ss
.

(C P D e l i u s m ak e s i t r e fe r t o M a cb e th s p e opl e w h o h ad
” ’
us

y
. .

C f 3 H en VI i i 1 1 2 9
”
go ne ove r t o t h e e n e m . . . . . .

“
Th
O ldi ur
ei rl i k t l i ght i g m d w t ;
w ea
l i k t h ight wl l y fl i ght
so e rs
p ons
’
e
e o
e n
n n
o
’
ca
s az
e an en

, ,

O l ik i d l th
r h w i th fl i l
e an e r es er a a ,

F ll g tly d w
e i f th y t
en k th i f i d o n , as e s ru c e r r en s.

N
S C E E VIII —T h e re i s 11 0 n ew s ce n e i n t h e fo l i o s
. .

1 T/z e R om a n f ool
. S t ee ve ns s ugges t s t h a t t hi s a ll u d e s p er h a p s t o
.

C a t o, w h ose s u i c i d e i s m e n ti o n e d i n 7 C v 1 1 0 1 o r i t m a y re fe r m or e . . . .

ge n e r a l l y t o t h e hi g h R o m a n fas h i o n o f s e l f d es t r u c ti o n, as i n B r u t u s,
“ -

C as s i u s , A n t on y , e t c .

2 W/z i l es
. S e e 011 i 5 5. . . .

4 Of a l l m e n e t c
. Fo r t h e co n fu s i o n o f co n s t r u c ti o n ,
, . s e e G r 409 . .

7 B l ood i er vi l l a i n , e t c
. F o r t h e t r a n s p o s i ti o n, s e e 01 1 i i i 6 4 8 . . . .

9 E a sy
. F o r t h e a d v e r b i a l use , se e G r 1
. . .

In t r en c/z a n t T h a t ca n n o t b e c u t. t h e a c ti v e wo r d i n a pa ss i v e s e ns e .

Tr en c/z a n t , as S t e e ve n s n o t e s , i s u se d a c ti v e l y i n T of A i v 3 1 1 5
q L
. . . . .

U pt o n u o t e s h e r e H a m i 1 1 4 6 a n d i v C f M i l t on, P v i 3 48
. . . . . . . .

1 3 D espa i r No t e l se w h e r e us e d t ra n s i ti v e ly by S A bb o tt ( G r 2 00)
L
. . . .

sa y s i t i s p e r h a p s a a ti n i s m T h e v e r b i s s i m i l a r ly u s e d i n B e n J o n
fi
.

s o n s v e rse s p r e x e d t o t h e fo l i o o f 1 6 2 3
’

‘
h
S i n e for th h
t ou S a r r e o f P o e s , a n d w i
. r ag e t t th ,

fl h
O r i n u e n ce , c i d e , o r c h e e r e t h e d ro o i n g S t a e p
W h i ch s i nc e t h y ig
, fro e n ce , a m o u rn
A n d d e s pa i re s d ay , b u t fo r t h y Vo u m e s i g
’

”
ike fl ht h h th
l l ht .
l nig ht ,

1 4 A ng el G e n i u s, d e m o n ( S c h m i d t ) ; as i n A a n d C 21 We
L
. . . . .

h a ve a ng el i n a b a d s e n s e i n 2 H en I V 1 2 1 8 6 ; ea r , i ii 6
34 . . . . . . C f
o E
.

iv 3
. . 2 0, e t c . S t i l l z c o nst a nt l y ; as o ft e n S ee G r 6 9 . . .
254 NO TE S .

8 My better pa r t
1 .
f
o m an . Cf A . . a nd C iv . . 6 39 . : my l a tt e r p ar t
o f l i fe ,
”
et c G r 423
q
. . .

20 P a t te r E . . i v o ca t e C f T a n d C
u .
‘

. . . 2 44 ; 7 C . . 11 . 1 . 1 2 6, e t c .

24 T us A n . h th o n y t h re a t e ns C l e o p a t ra in A . a nd C . iv . 12 .
36 .
(De
l i us .
)
T/z e t i m e C f i 5 6 1 , i 7 8 1 , a n d i v 3 72
. . . . . . . . .

26 Upon a p ol e
. T h a t i s , u p o n a c l o th h u ng t o a p o l e . No e xpl a na .

ti on w ou l d s e e m t o b e n e e d ed , b u t s om e cr iti cs h a v e t h o u ght i t n e c ess ar y

t o c h a n ge p ol e t o s cr o l l c l o th
“ ” “ ”
or O n u n d er w r i t , s ee G r 3 43 . . .

34 H i m . S e e G r 2 08 . . .

T h e s t age d i r e c ti o n i n t h e fo l i o h e r e i s -
“
E x eu n t fig /z ti ng A l a r u m s, .
.

a d t he
n n i n a n e w l i ne
“
E n ter F i g/ w i ng , a n d IlI acbet /z sl a i n e T hi s i s .

i nc o ns i s t e n t wi t h t h e s t age d i re c t i o n a t l i n e 5 3 “ E n ter M a cd zm j e ; w i t/ z -
’

T h e C P e d i t o r s t hi nk t h a t th i s p o i n t s t o s o m e
”
M a cbe /z t
’
s be da .
“
. .

v a r i a ti o n i n t h e m o d e o f co n cl u d i ng t h e pl ay , a n d th a t “ i n al l l i k e l i
”

h o o d S h ak e s p ea r e s p ar t i n t h e p l a y e n d e d h e re
’ ”
F l e a b e l i e v e s th i s y
t
.

t o b e o ne o f t h e s ce n es a l e r e d b y M i d d l e t o n .

3 6 Go qfif D i e ; a s t a k e o ff : k i l l , i n i 7 2 0 a n d i i i 1 1 04
“ ”
. . . . . .

40 011 on ly . bu t , s e e G r 1 3 0 . .

4 1 l e w /z i c/z . G r 2 70 0 1 1 p r ow es s a s a m on o s yl l ab l e , s e e G r 4 70 ;
. . . .

a n d o n bu t i n n e x t l i n e , G r 1 2 7 . .

4 2 U n s b r i n bi ng st a t i o n
. U n s h r i n k i ng a tti t u d e ( M ob e r l y ) S ch m i d t . .

e xpl a i ns i t i n t h e s a m e w ay C f H a m i i i 4 5 8, a n d A a n d C i i i 3 2 2 , . . . . . . . . .

w h e r e s ta ti on i s s i m il ar ly u s e d . .

4 8 F o r t h e p u n o n l i a i r s , se e 011 i i 2 5 6
. . . .

4 9 Wi s/i t/z em to . W i s h t o th e m ; t h e r e l a ti o n o f t h e d a ti v e a n d
.

a ccu s a ti v e p e c u l i a rl y i n v e r t e d ( S ch m i d t ) F o r w i s/i to : i n v i t e , s e e
”
.

T of S i 1 1 1 3 , a nd cf Id i 2 6 0, 64
. . . . S e e H o l i ns h e d p 1 5 0 ab o v e . . . . .
, . .

D e p ar t e d , d i e d C f H en V i i 3 1 2 ; R i c/z III i i I 5 ,
’
5 2 P cz r tea . . . . . . . . . . . .

e tc O n pa i d b i s scor e, cf l i n e 3 9 a b o v e
. . .

5 4 S ta n d s ’ T hi s i s e xpl a i n e d b y H o l i ns h e d (se e p
. . wh o s t a t es .

th a t t h e ty r a n t s h e a d wa s se t u p o n a p o l e T h e C 011 M S a d d s t o t h e .

011 a p i k e — s ti ck i t i n t h e gro u nd
. .

s t a ge d i r e cti o n
“ -
.

5 6 P ea r l R o we s ub s ti t u t e d “
p e e r s, w hi c h W a d o pt s T h e C P
”

y
. . . . . .

gge s t s th a t t h e w o r d m ay b e u s e d ge ne r i ca ll , a s w e l l as t o e x
“
ed su .

p ess a s i ngl e s p e c i m e n, a n d c i t e s H en V i v 1 2 79
r
”
Th e i n t e r ti s s u e d . . . .

go l d a nd p e a r l T h e s i m pl e s t e m e n d a ti o n wo u l d s e e m t o b e
”
r obe of .

“
p e a rl s, s ugge s t e d i n t h e a n o ny m o u s Va r i o r u m e d o f M a cbetl z , 1 807
”
. .

6 0 E x pe n se . No e m e n d a ti o n s e e m s c a l l e d fo r , b u t e xp a ns e ,
.
“ ” “
ex

tent , ” “
e x ce ss , e t c , h a v e b e e n s u ge s t e d
g
L L LL
. .

61 oves C f i i i 1 1 2 1 ab o v e ; a l so
. . v 2 79 3 , 79 8 ; W T
. . . . . . . .

i . 1 . 10; 7 C i ii
. . . 2 . 24 1 , et c .

6 3 B e ea r l s S e e e xt r a ct fr o m H o l i ns h e d , p 1 49 a b o v e
. . . .

6 4 To d o S e e 01 1 v 6 5
. . . . .

6 5 Wou l d S e e G r 3 2 9 ; a n d fo r a s i n n e x t l i n e , G r 1 1 3
. . . . .

6 6 E x i l d f i en d s a br oa d S e e 011 i ii 6 4 8
’ r
. . . . .

68 P r od u ci ng f or t l i
. B r i ng i ng fo r w a r d ; th a t i s , i n a co ur t .
of j us t i ce .

Cf 7 C i i i.
“
P r o d u c e h i s b o d y t o t h e m a r k e t pl a ce ”
. . .
-

. See a so l
W T i ii 2 8 ; A W i v 1 6 ; It 7 ob n , i 1 46 , e t c
' ’

. . . . . . . . . . .
 ADDE ADA
'

2 56 .

pl i e s a nd j ust i fi es t h i s
d e l i ca t e p e r ce pt i o n , a n d t u r ns i t i nt o h i s t o ry
q
,

B o th the u e e n s o f S c o tl a n d r e p r e s e n t e d t h e k i n d o f b l o n d e w o m e n w h o

a re fi re d b
y s u n l i g ht : i t c r i s p s t h e g o l d e n o r t h e c h e s t n u t h a i r , b e co m e s
q u i c k s il v e r i n t h e v e i ns , hi t s e v e r y b r a i n ce l l w it h i t s a c ti n i c r a , a n d
y
-

c h a se s o e v r h
t e y i l i
e d ng h a i r i n r ippl e s l i k e a b l o w n w h e a t fi l
e d
” -

T/z e r a ven l z z m self i s l i oa r s e, e t c (

'

o m are a m e s R u sse p —
C p J ll
L
. .

o we ll
’
s r e m ar k s 0 11 t h e p
a ss ag e ( A m o ng t l /I y B oob s , 1 8 6) p .

h
H e re S a k e s e a re , w p ith
t t t
h i s w o n e d ac , m ak e s u s e o f a u g a r s u e r v l p
s t i t i o n, o f a typ e in w c m or a t l p hi h
r e se n m e n ti t l y
i s a re a d e m bo d e d , t o i
m a k e a c o m m o n g r o u nd o n w c hi h t he h
e a re r a nd ad L y M th
a cb e m ay
m ee t . t t hi p l
A f er s re ud e w e a re p p
re a re d t o b e p
os s e ss e d b
y h er e m o
ti o n m o r e fu l ly ,
l
t o fe e i n h e r e ar s t h e d u ll t
r am p
o f t he b o o d l a th t
seem s

v h
t o m a k e t h e r a e n s c r o a k ye t o a rse r h a n
’
t it t y
i s, a nd t o b e ra t h e s e a t l thy
i
a d va n c e o f t h e m n d t o i t s fe ll p p
u r ose Fo r ad L y M th h
a cb e e ar s n o t .

so m u c h t he v i l i
o ce o f t h e b o d e fu b r d as o f h e r o w n p it t
rem e d a e d m u r

d e r, a n d we a re th h i
u s m a d e h e r s u d d er ng a c co m pl i
ces b e fo r e t h e fa c t .

v yi
E er iv l i
m age r e ce e s t h e co o u r o f t h e m n d , e e r w o r d v y th
robs w i th
t he
p lu s e o f o n e co n r o t lli p i
ng as s o n Th e e pi th t
e f at a l m a k e s u s fe e. t he l
i pl l lv p
m a c a b e r es o e o f t h e s e a k e r , a n d s o ws u s h ath t
sh e i s t p i
a m e r ng

w i th i p tti
h e r co n s c e n ce b y u ng o ff t h e cr m e u o n t h e i p ro p ph y
ec of t he
W e rd S s e rs t o w c s h e a u d e s In t h e w o r d ba ttl em e n t s , t o o , n ot
i i t hi h ll
y
.

on ly i s t h e fa nc l e d u p t o t h e p h
er c v
o f t h e ra e n, b u t a os h ti l i
e m age
t a k es t h e pl a ce o f a h p it l
os ab e o ne fo r m e n co m m o n ly p
s e a k o f r e ce i v

t
i ng a g u es u nd e r th i
e r r oof o r w i thi th i
n e r d o o rs W e n D u n ca n an d
h
q
.

iv
B a n u o a r r e a t t h e ca s e , tl th i i
e r fa n c e s , fr e e fr o m a l l s u gge s o n o f ti
e vil l l, ca up on ly i i l i
gra c o u s a n d a m a b’ e m ages v
T h e r a e n was b u t t h e
L y M th v
.

t ti l
fa n as ca cr e a o n o f adti a cb e s o e r w ro ug ht
b ra n i .

TNhimi bly tl d h wth tlypld th t m mt ; tdh t ilf

‘
s cas e a a ea san sea .
e a r

U t g tl co en
an s ee o i se

n o o ur en e s e ns e s .

f mm
’
l h g t is u es o su e r,

T h t m pl h e t i g m tl t d th
e e -
pp v
a un n ar e , o a ro e

y th t t h h v th ’
By hi l m i s ov a
’ ’
b
a n s on r a e ea en s r ea

S m ll w i g l y h e s ; j tty f e
oo n e re no u ,
ri z e,

B tt u ig f v tg b t h b d
r e ss , o r c o n o an a e, u t is ir

H th m d h i p d t b d d p t dl ’
a a e s en en e an r o c re an c ra e .

T h e co n t ras t h e re c a nn o t b u t b e a s i n t e n ti o n a l as i t i s m a r k ed .

E v e y i m age i s o ne o f w e l c o m e se c u r i ty a n d co n fid e n c e
r ,
T h e su m m e r ,
.
,

o ne m a
y w e l l fa n cy w o u l d b e a v e r y d i ffe r e n t h o s t e ss fr o m h e r w h o m w e
,

h a v e j u s t s e e n e xp e c ti ng t /zem A n d wh y teni pl e l z t n ti ng u n l e ss b e .
-
az ,

c a u se i t s u gge s t s s a n c t u a r y ? O i m m gi n a t i va c/z e s i n e r u bi d el /e o e a c s

d i f or h o w i n fi n i t e l y m o e p r e c i o u s a re t h e i n w a r d o n e s th o u gi v es t i n
,

u ,
r

re t u rn ! If a l l t hi s b e a cc i d e n t i t i s a t l e a s t o n e o f th o se a c c i d e n t s o f
w hi c h o n l y thi s m an w a s e v e r c a p a b l e
,
”
.

Tb e m u l t i t u d i n o s s a s i ca n d i n e ( p
u e n L o we l l (Am ng My B ool s
r a . o
e
,

p 1 6 1 ) re m a k s th a t t h e h u d d l i ng e p ith e t i m pl i es t h e t e m p e s t t o ss e d
. r
“ -

s o u l o f t h e s p e a k e r a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e pi c t u r es t h e w a l l o w i ng w a t e
,
s

o f o c e a n m o e v i vi d l y th a n t h e fa m o u s p h ra se o f IEs c h yl u s [
'

ci v j
r p Op v r t o

y éw p ] d o e s i t s r ippl i ng s u ns hi n e
”
a o a .
 A D D E ND A 2
57
.

T H E T IM E A AL S I S o n T H E P L A
-
N Y T l i i s i s su mm e d u p b y M r
”
Y .
— .

P A D a n i e l , i n h i s p a p e r 0 11 t h e T i m es o r D u r a ti o n s o f t h e A c ti o n o f
—
. .

S h a k s p e re 5 Pl a y s
”
( Tr a n sa ct i on s of IVew S /z a l s S oc 1 8 7 7 79 , p
’ '
. . .

a s fo l l o ws

y
T i m e o f t h e P l a n i n e d a y s r e p r ese n t e d 011 t h e s t age , a n d i n t e r va l s .

D a y 1 A c t I se i t o i i i
. . . . .

2 A ct I sc i v to v i i
. . . . .

3 A c t II s c i t o i v
. . . . .

A n i n t er va l , s a y a c o u pl e o f we e k s .

4 A c t III s e i t o v
. . . . .

[Ac t III s e v i , a n i m p o ss i bl e t i m e ] . . .

5 A c t IV s e i
. . . .

[P ro fess o r W il s o n s u pp o se s a n i n t e r v al o f ce rt a i nl y n o t m o re
th a n t wo d a y s be t we e n D a y s 5 a n d 6 ; P a t o n m a rk s t wo
d ays T h e ge ne r a l b re a thl e ss h a s t e o f t h e pl a y i s , I t hi n k ,
.

a g a i n s t a n y s u c h i n t e r v a l b e t we e n M a cb e th s p u r p os e a nd
’

i t s e e cu x ti o n .

A ct IV s c i i
6 . . . .

R oss s j o u r ne y t o E ngl an d P a t o n a l l o ws t wo
’
A n i n ter va l . .

we e k s .

7 A c t IV se i ii , A ct V se ’ i
. . . . . . .

A n i n te r va l M al co l m s r e t u r n t o S co tl a nd T h r ee we ek s,
. .

ac c 01 d i n
g t o P a t on .

8 A ct V s e i i a n d i i i
. . . . .

9 A c t V s e i v t o vi i i
. . . . .

011 M r D a n i e l c o m m e n t s as fo ll o ws : R o ss a nd A ngu s c om e fro m

.

t h e Ki ng R o ss d es c r i b e s h o w t h e n e w s o f M a cb e th s s u cces s re a c h e d
’
.

t h e Ki ng , b y p o s t a ft e r p o s t H e a pp e a rs t o h a v e e n ti r e l y fo rgo t t e n th a t .

h e h i m s e l f wa s t h e m e s se nge r ; h e h o we v e r g r e e t s M acb e th w i th t h e ti tl e
o f C a w d o r, a nd A n g u s i n fo r m s M a cb e t h th a t C a wd o r l i e s u n d e r se n t e n ce

o f d e a t h fo r t r e a s o n s c a pi t a l , b u t w h e th e r h e w a s i n l e ag u e w i th No r wa v
’
.

o r w i t h t h e re b e l [ M a c d o n w al d ] , o r w i t h b o th , h e k n o ws n o t R os s d i d .

k n o w w h e n , i n t h e p re ce d i n g s ce n e , h e t o o k t h e n e ws o f t h e v i c t o r y t o t h e
Ki ng ; b u t h e a l s o a pp e a rs t o h av e fo rgo tt e n i t ; a t a ny r a t e h e d o e s n o t
b e t r a y h i s k n o wl e d ge M a cb e th s l o ss o f m e m o r y i s e v e n m o re r e m a rk ’
.

a b l e th a n R o ss s H e d o es n t r e c o l l e c t h a v i ng h i m s e l f d e fe a t e d C a wd o r
’ ’

— —
.

b u t a fe w s h o r t h o u rs w e m i g h t s a y m i n u t es ago ; a n d t h e W i t c h e s ’

p ro ph e ti c gre e t i ng o f h i m b y th a t ti tl e , a nd Ro s s s co n r m a ti o n o f i t , ll
'
’
fi fi
h i m w i th s u r p r i s e ; fo r , s o fa r a s h e k no w s ( o r r ecol l ects, s h a l l w e s a y ? )
t h e t h a n e o f C a w d o r l i v e s , a p r o s p e r o u s ge n tl e m a n
”
.

A s t o t h e i n t e r v a l b e t w ee n D ay s 3 a n d 4 M r D a n i e l s a y s : B e t w e en , .

Ac t s II a nd III t h e l o ng n d d i s m a l p e r i o d o f M a cb e t h s r e i gn d e sc r i b e d
’
. a
.

o r r e fe r r e d t o i n A c t III s e vi A ct IV s e i i a nd i i i a n d e l se w h e r e i n
. . . . . . .
,

t h e pl a y , m u s t h a v e e l a p s ed M a cb e th h i m se l f r e fe rs t o i t w h e re i n A c t . .

III s e i v , s p e a k i ng o f h i s l h a ne s , h e s a y s
'

TI
. . .

‘
h e re
’
s no t a o ne of th em bu t i n h i s h o us e
k ee p a ser v t an fe e d
’
.
’

A nd a
g a n i ‘
I am in b l oo d
St pp d e
’
in so far , th t h l d I
a s ou w ad e no m ore .

R t i e u r n ng w e re as t di e g ous as o

R
 AD D E ND A
2 58
.

Ve t , a l m ost i n th e s am e b re a t h h e sa ys
My t
s r a ng e and
f ab u se s el -

t t
Is t h e i n i i a e fe a r t h a t w a n t s l i a r cl u se
We a r e y e t b u t y ou ng i n eecl d ’
.

A n d t h e fi r s t w o rd s w i th w hi c h B a nq u o o p e ns thi s A c t T h o u h as t it
n o w, e t c — wo u l d l e a d u s t o s u pp o s e th a t a fe w d a s a t t h e u t m os t ca n
’
y
h a v e p a s se d s i n ce t h e c o r o n a ti o n a t S co ne ; i n t h e s a m e s ce ne , h o we v e r ,

w e l e a r n th a t M a l co l m a n d D o na l b a i n a r e b e s t o w e d i n E n gl a nd a n d i n
Ir e l a n d s o m e l i ttl e t i m e m u s t h a v e e l a p se d b e fo r e th i s n e ws co u l d h a v e

r e a c h e d M a c b e th P r o fe ss o r W il s o n s u gge s t s a w e e k o r t wo fo r t h i s i n
.

M r P a t o n w o u l d a l l o w t h r e e we e k s
”
t e r va l
fi
. . .

O f i i i 6 M r D a n i e l s a y s :
“
It i s i m p os s i b l e t o x t h e ti m e o f t h i s sce n e
L L
. . .
,

In i t e n o x a n d a n o th e r o rd d i s c u ss t h e p o s i ti o n o f a ff a i rs
’
‘
T he
q fl L
.

m u rd e r o f B a n u o a n d t h e i gh t o f F l e an ce a r e k n o w n t o e no x a n d ,

h e k n o ws th a t M a c d u ff l i v e s i n d i s gra ce b e c a u se h e w as n o t a t t h e fe a s t ,
b u t th a t i s t h e e xt e n t o f h i s k n o wl e d ge T h e o th e r o r d i n fo r m s hi m
. L
th a t M a cb e th d i d s e n d t o M a cd u fl a n d th a t M a cd u ff h a s fl e d t o E ngl a nd
'

t o j o i n M al col m A d t h t th e e u p o n M a cb e t h p r e p a r e s fo r s o m e a t
‘
.n a r

t e m p t o f wa r A l l thi s s u pp o s e s t h e l a p s e , a t t h e v e r y l e as t , o f a d ay o r
’

q
.

t wo s i n ce t h e n i g h t o f M a cb e th s b a n u e t ; b u t i n t h e n e xt s c e n e t o t hi s
’

w e fi n d w e h a v e o n ly a r r i v e d a t t h e e a r ly m o r n i ng fo l l o w i ng t h e b a n u e t ,
. q
u
p t o w hi c h ti m e t h e m u r d e r o f B a n q u o c o u l d n o t h a v e b e e n k n o w n ; n o r
h a d M acb e th s e n t t o M a c d u ff n o r wa s t h e i g h t o f th e l a tt e r k n o w n T h e
, fl .

s c e n e i n fac t i s a n i m p o s s i b il i ty i n a n y s c h e m e o f t i rn e , a n d I a m c o m p e l l e d

th e r e fo re t o pl a ce i t w i thi n b ra ck e t s Se e P ro fe s s o r W il s o n s a m us i ng ’

fi
-
.

a c c o u n t o f thi s m i r ac u l o us ft h p a r t o f D i es B or ea l es [r e
’
s ce ne i n t h e
‘

p r i n t e d i n [Vei n S /z a bs S oc Tr a n s f or 1 8 75—76, pp 3 5 1
. . . .
2 60 I/VD E X OF WOR D S E X P L A IIVE D .

de w ( e rb) , 2 4 8 v . fre e (a d e rb ) , 1 8 4 v . h ( F h) 9 8
ose re nc , 1 .

d i gg e d , 2 2 9 . fr e e 2 26 . h k p ( = w t h d g)
ou se ee er a c -
o .

d i r e n e s s, 2 5 1 . fr o m ( : a a r fro m ) , 2 09 p t .
9 20 .

d i s e ase , 2 4 9
-
. fro m ( : b e ca u s e o f ) , 2 3 6 . h wl t 8
o e , 22 .

pl
d i s a ce d 2 2 0. fr om ( : o n acc o u n o f ) , 2 2 5 t . h m ( h m ) 8
u an z u an e , 21
h lyb ly 5
.

p t
d i s u e , 2 45 . fr y , 2 3 7 ° ur ur , 1 1 .

t
d i s a n ce 2 09 . fu m e , 1 8 1 . h b dy
us 83 an r 1 .

ll
d o a rs , 1 5 6 . t
fu n c i o n , 1 66 . Hy 9 r ca n , 2 1 .

d ou b t 2 3 7. fu rbi s e d , 1 5 4h .

d rink 1 84 . Ico l m k i l l , 2 0 5 .

d ro w se , 2 1 3 . ll l
g a o w g a ss e s . 1 5 3 , 2 5 3 . ign o ra n , 1 72 t .

d u d ge o n , 1 86 . tl
ge n e m y o r d , 2 1 1 l . i l l c o m o se d , 2 40
-

p .

d u n, 1 7 1 .
ge n t y l 253 . ll
i ne ss 1 69 .

D u n s i n an e , 2 3 3 .
ge r m e n s, 2 3 0 . i m re ss p re ss ) , 2 3 3 p .

ge t 1 62 . i n (: i rr c ase o f ) , 2 09 .

e as y ( dv a e rb ), 2 02 , 2 5 3 . l
g i d (wi th l b oo d ) , 1 9 2 .
in ( o m i t e d ) , 1 6 6 t .

e at 2 04 .
gi lt p l y p
( a u on ) , 1 9 2 . i n ( re ea ed ) , 2 2 2 p t .

ec lip se , 2 2
9 .
g i n ( 2 b e gi n ) , 1 5 3 , 2 5 2 . i n cam a d i n e 1 9 4 , .

t y
e c s as , 2 1 1 .
gi n 236 . inc h 1 56 .

e f t
ec s 46 2 . v
g i e out 2 44 . In c h co l m , 1 5 6 .

e
gg 3 7 . 2 l
G a m i s Vi ag e a n d C as ll tl e, i n fo r m s, 1 8 7 .

ei th ( m yll b l ) 5 3
er ono s a e , 2 . 1 60 . t
i n i i at e ( ad ec i e ) , 2 2 2 j tv .

e mb rac e 21 0 .
g o o ff 2 54 . i n s a n e ( ro e i c ) , 1 6 2 p l pt
m y ( d i yll b l )
.

e ne 9 ss a e , 20 .
go t o 2 4 7 . . t p
i n s t r u m e n s ( o f e r s o n s) , 2 4 5
E gl n d (an Ki g f E g n n o wi th
m e, 2 1 3 t
i n e re s , 1 5 6 t
é
: o . .

l d ) 39
an , 2 .
’
od i e l d , 1 75 . t
i n e rm i s s i o n , 2 4 5 .

en ki dl n t 64 e u n o, 1 . l
go d e n ( b o o d ) , z oo l . i n t r e nc a n , 2 5 3 h t .

e no w 98 37
, 1 , 2 .
g o os e 1 98 . Io n a , 2 05 .

t
e n r a n ce ( t i yll b l ) 7 r s a e , 1 0 . G o rgo n , 1 99 .

tt 5
es a e, 2 2 .
g os p ll
e e d , 2 08 . j mp
u 1 77 .

vi l J t ty
e
e
e
xx p pd i ti t 6
as
e
4
e ra e , 2 2
on
.
2 2 .
g o u t s, 1 8 6
g race d , 2 1 5
ppl
.

.
u ,

k e rn s , 1 5 3 , 2 5 2
1 74 .

z oo .
g ra es, 2 09 . .

gra e v 2 07 . k ind s t, 1 84
’
.

f t (
ac vi l d d ) 5
: e ee , 22 y l
Gra m a k i n , 1 5 1 . ll
k n e ( = ass i n g be p ll ) , 1 88 .

lt i ( p g t i v )
.

fa cu es z r e ro a es , g roo m s, 1 89 . k n o wi ngs , 2 0 3 .

1 77 .
g ro w , 1 6 7 .

f il (hi p
a ) s 6 r e se n c e , 22 .
gu f l 2 29 l d
a ce ,
2 00 .

f t ti l 6
a n as 65 ca , 1 1 , 1 . l k
ac 8 21 .

fare ( d i yll b l ) 4 ss a e , 2 1 . h il
a l m p ( t v ll i g ) 3
a ra e n , 20 .

f h i (p l pp d 5 5
a rr o
f v
a
w 3
66
o u r, 1 7
, 2

fe ars ( = ca use s o f fe ar ) , 1 6 5
0 .

, 1 2 .
a rs
h gm
an
)
x ti )
54
an
u n on ,

e
2
ec u o ne r ,
a

l g
ar
lth
a c
e
e

4
, 1 .

21 .

91 0 .
44 2
h pp y
. .

fe e g r i e f, 2 44
-

. a 6 1 2 . l td 3
a e , 21 .

l
fe e ( d i s s a b e ) , 1 72 yll l h bi g
ar 68 n
5 e r, 1 , 2 2 . l vi h
a s 55 1
h
. .

l
fe l 251 .
(
a rn e ss m ) 5 2 ar our , 2 2 . l i g 47
e as n s, 1
ll
.

fe y, 1 46 . H piar 8 e r, 2 2 . l v ( l v H)
ea e : ea e O , 21 1
h vi g ( p
.

fil e 20 9 , 2 4 7 . a n i ) 6 z o ss e ss o n , 1 2 . l vy 5
ea ,
2 2
fil
.

ed 20 8 . h v ( p l l ) 83
ea en u ra , 1 lm
e 3a n, 1 2 .

first l i ngs , 2 3 5 . h vy
ea 83 1 . le s se r , 16 48 2, 2 .

fi s o t h e s e as o n , 2 3 5
t
’
. H t 87
ec a e , 1 , 2 22 . l ib l (= t f ) 3 8
era oo re e , 1 .

fl i gh ty , 2 3 5 . h dg pig
e 7 e -

, 22 . l ik e 4 20 .

fl ou 1 5 5 t . . h pp h 4
e re a -
r o ac , 2 1 . l i ly l i v d 49
-
ere , 2 .

fo i so n s , 2 40 . h m it
er s 75 1 . l i mb k 8 ec , 1 1 .

fo r ( = a s r e gard s) , 2 3 5 . him he) , 2 54 . l i m ( =b i d l i m ) 3 6

e r -
e , 2 .

fo r ( = b e ca u s e o f ) , 2 09 . h is i t s ) , 1 77 l i m it d e 99 1 .

fo rb i d 1 58 h is ( : th
’
i s o n e s) . 2 40 . line 64 1
l
.

fo rce d , 2 5 1 . ho ds 22 6 . li t
s 8 20
h l p 75
.

fo rge 2 40 . o , 1 . l i t i g (t i t iv ) 9
s en n ra n s e , 1 0 .

F o r re s , 1 58 . h m
o e 1 64 . l dg d 3
o e ,
2 0
h m ly 3 7
.

fr a m e 2 1 0 l v ( pl l ) 9
l x i
. . o e , 2 .
o es u ra , 20
h h yll bl
.

fra n c i s e d , 1 84 .
(m
o rse s o nos a e) , 2 04 u u r ous 30 2
 IND E X OF WOR D S E X P L A IIVE D .
26 1

M acd o nw a l d . 1 53 . o p en e d , 2 3 9 . r awn e ss , 2 3 8 .

m ag o t pi -

e s, 2 2 1 . or e re . 2 43. r e a d i n e ss , 2 02
y(
.

mans i y 74
on r , 1 . o th er ( 2 o th e rs) , 1 57 . re a d 2 d re s se d ) , 2 02
y 5
.

m a rr , 22 . o th er ( : o th e rw i s e ), r e ce i pt 1 81
tl t lf
.

m ar e 74 , 1 . o u rs e ,
rece iv d e 1 81
t
.

ma ed 2 47 . o u rs e lv es ( : e ach o t h er ), r e co i l ( ; fa ll o ff ) , 238 .

m a u k i n ( o r m a wk i nj , 1 5 2 re m e m b r a n c e ( q uad ri s yl l a:
'

. 21 5 .

m a w, 2 2 9 . ou t ( in the
z fi ld) e , 2 43 . bl e ) 2 1 , 1 .

t p
m e a ( ro n u nc i a i o n ) , 2 1 5 t . o v e r co m e ( 2 o v h er s a d ow ), rem ors e 1 71 .

m e d i c i n e , 2 48 2 20 . re q u i r e 21 4 .

m e m o ri z e, 1 5 4 ow e 1 62, 1 6 7, 2 2 0, re so lv y lv e o u rs e es , 2 1 0 .

m e re 2 40, 2 4 2 . 25 1 . r on y on , 1
57 .

me a t p hy ls i ca , 1 7 0 . o wl , 1 88 . r oo e f d 5 , 2 1 .

tl
m et e , 1 8 1 . ro o ky 3 , 21 .

l pl l
m i e ( u ra ) , 2 5 2 . P a dd o ck , 1 52 . R os s . 1 62 .

m i ni on l d a r i ng ) , 1 5 3 . p lla
7 1 1 . r ou n d ( z c row n ), 1 7 0, 23 1
p lt
.

minu e t ly v y( 2 e e r m i n u e
)
, t a 54 e r, 2 . r ou se in t ra n s i ti v e 21 3,
2 48 . p ll l 9 9
ara e , 1 . 25 1 .

h
m i sc i e f, 1 7 1 .
P l y
ar e 99 , 1 ro y lty
a , 2c 7 .
v
m i s si e s m e s s e n g er s ) , p t d d i d) 5 4
ar e e ,
2 . ru b, 2 1 0 .

1 69 p 8
a ssi o n , 2 1 ru m p -
fe d , 1 57
p t h ( f l ) 49
. .

m o ck e r y, 2 2 0 . a c 2 oo , 2
m od e r n 2 43 . p l 54
ea r , 2 sa fe t o wa r d , 1 67 .

m o e, 2 5 0 . p then -

58 o u se , 1 s ag , 2 4 8
p f t 37
.

m o n s t ro u s ( t i yll b l
r s a e , 225 ) . e r ec , 2 . S ai n t Co l me
’
s I h nc , 1 56 .

m or al t 1 71 , 2 1 8, p vre r se ( e n t)
e an c e
4 a cc ,
2 0 . s au c y ,

237 ' p t d 48
e s e re , 2 .
say 1 52
l ty (
.

m o r ta i z l i fe ) , 2 00 . p hy i s c ) 99 c u re , 1 . s ca n n e d , 2 2 2 .

tfi
m or i ed , 2 47 p ght 48
i 1 s ca p e d, 2 1 4, 2 45
pl ( i f l ry) 3
.
, . .

tv p
m o i e s ( e r so n s ) , 23 8 . ace n a con , 20 . S con e , 2 04 , 2 5 5 .

m o u s i n g, 2 04 . p ly 9 4
oor , 1 . t
s co ch e d , 210 .

v
m o e , 2 36 . p t bl
or a 4 e 2 0 . s cr e w , 1 80 .

y
mu m m , 228 . p w i th
o s se s s 44 , 2 . s e a r , 2 49 .

mur th 6 5 e r, 1 . p t 89
o s se , 1 . se a so n , 2 2 2 .

m u se w o n d e r) , 21 9 . p t 58
o s e rs , 1 s ea t , 1 74
p w ( m y ) 43
. .

o er 2 ar ,
2 . s ea e d t 1 65 .

na pk i n , 1 98 . p d mi
re o 3 n a n ce , 2 0 . s e cr e t s t , 2 2 1
’
.

nau g ht , 245 . p t
re sen 56 1 . se c u r i ty ca r e e ssness l )
na v e 1 53 . p t ly
r es e n t ) 4 a o n ce , 2 2 . 223 .

n ea r 2 02 . p tn ( p p )
re e ce 2 ur o se , 2 02 . se e li n g, 2 1 2 .
’
n e ar s t , 2 09 . p t d
re en 4 2 02 , 2 0 . s ee ms, 1 70 .

ni c e ( p r e ci s e , 2 43 ) p b ti ( p f ) 8
ro a on ro o 20 se l f ( dj t i v ) 5 5
a ec e 2

l f—b
2 :
,
.
.
, .

ni
gh t g ow n , 1
94 . p d i g f th 5 5
ro uc n or , 2 . se a u se , 2 2 2 .

n o rs e ( 2 m u src ) , 23 3 p f d 3
ro ou n , 22 . s e nn e t 6 , 20 .

n on p ar e i l , 21 4 . p f ( m ) 55
r oo : ar our , 1 . s en s e ( pl l ) 47 ura , 2 .

no r, 1 6 7 , 1 99 , 2 2 5 . p p (i i l ) 8
ro er ro n ca , 21 se n se s , 1 74 .

N y p p h yi g 9 9 i bl
’
or wa s , 1 5 6 . ro es n , 1 . s ens 86 e, 1 .

N o r we y an, 1 54 . p p ti
ro 67
or on , 1 . se r g eant (t i yll bl ) r s a e , 1 52 .

t
no e 2 1 3 . p t t 48
ro e s 2 . se t d o wn , 2 so .

t
no e 21 2 p w (m
ro yll bl ) 5 4
e ss o n os a e , 2 se w e r . 1 75
h g—
. . .

no thi ng ( ad v erb ) , 1 63 , 2 48 . p ll m 5
u , 2 2 s a h i d 37 a re , 2 .

p vyur e
75 o r, 1 . s h db
ar -

o rn e , 2 1 2 .

obl i vi o u s, 2 5 0 . p h ( = n t ) 49
us o se 2 . s hi 6
ne , 2 0 .

o b sc u r e ( acce nt ) , 1 99 .
pu t 011 ( 2 set at w ork ) , 2 45 . s h i pm 57 an , 1 .

’
o e rt o ok , 2 3 5 . s h l 77
oa , 1 .

of 2 2 5, 22 6 .
q u a rr e l , 1 5 3, 241 . S h gh 8
ou s, 2 0 .

o ffi c e s , 1 84 .
q u ar r y , 2 44 . s h ld 55 6
ou , 1 , 1 0 .

ol d (co ll oqui a l) , 97 1 .
qu e ll 1 81 . s h w
o 1 53, 1 61,
on 1 62, 2 09 , 2 4 7 . 2 5 2.
on e p r o n u nc i a ti on s h w (t h t i l )
o e a r ca , 2 34 .

s h t p 84
u u , 1 .

o nc e ( z e v er ) , 251 . s i ck e n be s u r fe i e d t ), 2 30
 2 62 IND EX OF WOR D S E XP L AINE D .

s ig htl es s 1 71 ,
t w o fo l d b ll a s , 2 34 .

1 78 . ty ran t 6 , 22 .

S ine] , 1 62 .

s i ng e l ( 2 wea k , e tc . 1 65, u n d e e d ed . 253 .

1 75 . u n ea th , 1 32 .

s 1 rr a l i , 2 36 . t ai n t(
b e i n fec e d ) , 2 48
z t . u n m ann e r l y ( dv a e rb ) , 1 99
h 47
.

S i w ard , t a k i n g o ff, 1 7 7 2 5 5-

,
. un ro ug , 2 .

s k i rr , 2 5 0 . tla e c o u n i n g) , 1 6 3 t . u nsp k 4 ea 2 1

t tv
. .

l
s a b, 2 2 9 . t e e m s ( ra n s i i e ) 2 4 3 . . up th ght 8
on a ou 21
l v 9 l t
. .

s ea e, 1 1 . p
t e m e r a n ce ( : s e f r e s ra i n t ) , -
up (v b ) 4
ro a r er . 2 0
l i g ht 3
.

s e s, 2 2 . 2 40 . i g (
us n h i h i g) z c er s n 2 1 0.
liv d 9 t d
.

s e re , 22 en 1 5 4, 1
71 . utt t th
e r an c e , 8 o e, 20
t d
. .

s o l p (t i tiv ) 3
e ra n s e , 2 0 . en an c e , 1 70 .

s u l m b y 46 er , 2 . t dien ng , 1 70 . vl da ue 9 20 .

so 55 1 . th l a e r, 1 56 . v tgan a
74 e, 1 .

so ( m itt d )
o 56 6 e 1 1 2, 1 th ane , 1 55 vp a (d p)
o ro u s
3 ro 22
, , 7 7, .

th t
, .

178 89 9
, 38 4 1 ,
1 0, 2 , 2 0 a ,
2 4 5 , 2 50 . v m ( dj t i v ) 8
e no a ec e , 22 .

l 38
.

so e , 2 . th e 1 79 . v i ty
er 2 40.
so e l m n 206 . the w hi h 7 c . 20 . v l 8
e s se . 20 .

so l i i t ( = m by p y
c 0 ve ra e rs , ) th ( d t i v ) 83
ee a e , 1 . vi ds ar s, 2 1 1 .

24 2 .
th ( th ) 7
ee z ou , 1 0 .

so li iti g 6 5
c n , 1 . th i k c en s , 2 1 2 . w ag e 1 48 .

so m th i g ( d v b )
e
9 n a er , 20 . t hi k 39
n , 2 . w a r r an e d 2 4 1 t , .

som e t i m e , 1 75, 237 . th ou , 2

5 0 . w assa i , 1 80 l .

soot h , 1 47 , 1 54 . t h ght ou k pt i m e n i nd ) , t
w a e r r u g s , 2 08
-

soo th f t a s n es s , 1 47 .
920 w e i rd 1 5 8 . .

ll
.

s o rr y 9 , 1 0, 2 1 0 . th ra s 5 22 . w e i r d ( d i ssyll l 84
ab e ) , 1 .

s p k ea 21 4 . th t (v b ) 8 8
re a er , 1 . ht
w a , 221 .

s p l ti
ecu a o n, 2 1 9 . t i di g ( n mb ) s7 nu er , 1 0 .
h t
w e r e ab o u 1 8 7 , .

s p k o en 2 43 . t i m ly e 3 2 1 . w h i h ( m i tt d )
c 53 o e , 2 .

s p gyon 1 81 . ti m l y ( dv
e b) 99 a er , 1 . whi h c 53 1 .

s p i g ht
r s. 2 3 4 . t i tl es 35 2 . wh i l e 7 20 .

s py o
’
the t im e , 2 09 . to 238 . Wh i l 69
e s, 1 88 3 53 , 1 , 2 1 . 2 .

t
S a ff 250 , 253 . to ( z i n a d d i t i on t o) , 207 . wh o 9 5 20 . 2 1 .

st a m p 2 42 . to (o m i t e d ) 2 1 5 t ,
. wh l o es om 4 e 2 0
t anc h l e ss , 2 40 . t o o k o ff, 2 5 5 . wi h t s o 54 2 .

s art t 5 2 1 . t op ( cr o w n ) . 231 . wit h 8 20 .

tt
s a e 4 2 1 . top ( v e rb ) , 2 39 . w i th 36 2 .

s a t ti on 254 . top -
fu ll . 1 71 . w it h tou 2 1 0.

s a t y (= w i t f ) 4 a or , 2 1 . t o uc h( : s e n si b il i t yl a 2 3 5 . wi t n e ss . 1
9 2 .

s t i ll 7 20 ,
2 54. t our 2 03 . wit d 43
n e ss e , 2 .

s ti r 66 1 . t o w ar d ( a n d o w a r d s) t , 1 86 . w m or 5 21 .

t
s on es ( f j d gm t ) o u en , 221 . t o w e r i n g ( i n fa co n r ) l y , 2 03 . w o rs t (d i yll b l ) 9 ss a e . 20 .

s r t id 87 es , 1 . t r a ce , 2 3 5 . w ou l d 7 8 3 8 44 5 4
, 1 . 2 , 2 , 2 .

s u t d i d 66 e , 1 . t ra i n s 24 1 . w ou l d t 69 s , 1 .

s u t ff ( t m p t ) co n e uous , 21 8 . t ram m e l up. 1 77 . w r ack 64 5 . 1 , 2 2 .

s u c ce ss , 1 77 . t ra n s p o se , 2 3 8 . w r ou g ht 66 1 .

sudde n 2 39 . t re a ti se . 2 5 1 . w ro u ght ( d i yll b l ) 84 ss a e , 1 .

s u m m e r s e e m i n g , 2 40 -
. t re n c h ed, 2 1 4 .

s u r c e ase , 1 77 . t ri fie d ( : m a de t ri ia v l) , 203 . y ty 3
es , 2 0 .

su r m i se . 1 66 . t u gg e d , 2 09 .
ye w ( p o i s o n ou s) , 229 .
 R olfe s S k a k esp ea r e
’

2 .

F r om F .
J . F U R NIVA LL , D i r ector o f fi re
'

New Sk a /aspen S oci ety , ,

L on d on .

T h e m er i t I in Mr iti sc h o o l
S h a k sp e r e s P l a y s
' ’
se e . R ol fe s ed o ns of

o v e r th os e m os t w i d e l y u se d i n E n g l a n d i s th a t M r R o l fe e d i t s t h e pl a y s .

a s w o r k s o f a p o e t a n d n o t o n ly a s p r o d u c ti o n s i n T u d o r E n l i s h So m e
, g .

e d i t o r s th i n k th a t a l l th e y h a v e t o d o w i th a p l a y i s t o s t a t e i t s so u r c e

a n d e xpl a i n i t s h a r d w o r d s a n d a l l u s i o n s th e y t r e a t i t a s t h e y w o u l d a
c h a rt e r o r a c a t a l o gu e o f h o u se h o l d fu r n i t u re a n d th e n r es t s a t i s fi e d

B u t M r R o l fe w h i l e c l e ar i ng u p a l l v e r b a l d i ffi c u l ti e s a s ca r e fu l l y as a n y
, .

.
,

D r y a sd u s t a l w a y s a d d s t h e c h o i ce s t e xt r ac t s h e can fi n d o n t h e s p i r i t
, ,

a n d sp e c i al note o f e a c h pl a y a n d o n t h e l e a d i n
g c h a ra c t er i s t i cs o f i t s
,

c h i e f p e r so n a es H e d oe s n ot l e a v e t h e s t u d e n t w i th o u t h e lp i n ge tt i ng
g ,

a t S h a k s p e r e s c h i e f a tt r i b u t e s h i s c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n a nd p o e t i c p o wer
’

, .

A n d e v e r y p ra c t i ca l t e a c h e r k n ow s th a t w hi l e e v e r y b o y c a n l o o k o u t
h a r d w o r d s i n a l e xi co n for h i m s e l f n o t o n e i n a sco r e c a n u n h e lp e d , , ,

c a t c h p o i n t s o f a n d r e a l i z e c h a r a c t er a n d fe e l a n d e xp r e ss t h e d i s ti n c t i v e ,

i n d i vi d u al i ty o f e ac h pl a y a s a p o e t i c cr e a t i o n .

F r om P r o f E . DW R D A DO WD N E ,
LL D . .
,
o
f t be U n i ver s i ty o
f D u o/i n ,
H i s [ Mi m i
“ "
A u t /z or f
o S k a /esp er e and A rt .

I i n c l i n e t o th i nk th a t n o e d i t i o n i s l i k e ly t o b e so u se fu l for scl 1 001

a nd h o m e re a d i n
g a s y o u rs Y o u r n o t es co n t a i n so m u c h accu r a t e i li
w i t h so l i ttl e th a t i s s u p e r fl u o u s
.

s t ru c t i o n , y o u d o n o t n e g l e c t t h e ae s
th e ti c s t u d y 01 t h e pl a y s ; a n d i n e xt e n a l s p a p e r typ e b i n d i ng e t c y o u r , , , , .
,

m ak e a b o o k pl e a sa n t t o t h e e y e (as w e l l a s t o b e d e s i r e d t o m a k e ”

o n e w i se — n o s m a l l m a tt e r I th i n k w i th y o u ng r ea d e r s a n d w i th o l d
, , .

F r om E DW I N A A BB . OTT , M A . .
,
A u t h or o
f S /z a /eespea r i a n Gr a m m a r .

I h a v e n o t se e n a n y e d i t i on th a t co m p resse s so m u ch n e cessar y i n fo r
m a ti o n i n t o so sm a l l a s p a c e n o r a n y th a t so co m p l e t e l y a v o i d s t h e
,

co m m o n fau lt s o f c o m m e n t a r i e s 011 S h a k e spe a r e n e e dl ess r e p e t i t i o n m

s u p e r fl uo u s e xp l a n a t i o n a n d u n sc h o l ar l i k e i g n o r i n g o f d i f
fi c u l ti e s -

.
,

F r om H I R AM C O R SO N M A P f
r o es so r o
f A ng l o S a x on -
a nd E ng l i s /i
Li
.
,
.
,

t era t u r e , C or n el l U n i ver s i ty , [ t /z a ea , N V . .

In t h e w a y o f a nn o a e d e d t t i t i ons o f se p ara t e pl a y s o f S h ak e sp e a re fo r

e d u ca t i o n a l p u r p o se s ,
I k no w o f no ne q u i te u p t o Ro l fe s '
.
 ’

R ol fe s S /z a /cesp ea r e .
3

F r om P ro f F J C H IL D of H a r va r d U n i ver s i ty
. . .
, .

I r e a d y ou r M e r c h a n t o f Ve n i ce w i th m y c l a ss a n d fo u nd i t i n ,

e v e r y re s p e c t a n e x c e l l e n t e d i t i o n I d o n o t agr ee w i t h m y fr i e n d W h i t e
.

i n t h e O p i n i o n th a t S h ak e sp e a re re q u i re s b u t fe w n o t es— th a t i s i f h e i s ,

t o b e th o r o u gh l y u n d e rs t o o d D o u b tl e ss h e m ay b e e n j o y e d a n d m a n y
.
,

a h ar d pl a ce sl i d o v e r Y ou r n o t e s g iv e a l l t h e h e l p a y o u n g s t u d e n t
.

r e q u i r es a n d y e t t h e re a d e r for p l e asu re w i l l e a s i ly g e t a t j u s t w h a t h e
,

wants Y o u h a v e i n d e e d b e e n co n sc i e n t i o u sl y co n c i se
U n a e r o o te of f a ly 2 5 1 8 79 P ro f C H IL D a o o s
. .

M r R o l fe s e d i ti o n s
’ ’
’ ’ ’ c
.
, , .
,

o f pl a y s o f S h a k e s p e a r e a r e ve r y v a l u a b l e a n d c o n v e n i e n t b o o k s w h e th e r ,

fo r a co l l e ge c l ass o r fo r p r i va t e s t u d y I h a v e u se d th e m w i th m y .

s t u d e n t s a n d I w e l co m e e ve ry a d d i ti o n th a t i s m a d e t o t h e s e r i e s
,
T h ey .

s h o w c a r e r e s ea r c h a n d go o d j u d g m e n t a n d a r e fu l ly u p t o t h e ti m e i n
, , ,

sc h o l a rs h i p I fu l ly agr e e w i th t h e o p i n i o n th a t e xp e r i e n c e d t e a c h e rs
.

h ave e xp re sse d o f t h e e x c e l l e n ce o f th e se b o ok s .

F r om Rev A . . P . PEA B DY
O ,
D D . .
,
-

P ro
f essor i n H a r va r d U n i ver s i ty .

I r e ga r d y o u r o w n w o rk as o f t h e h i gh est m e r i t w h i l e y ou h a v e t u r ne d ,

t h e l a b o rs o f o th e rs t o t h e b e s t p o ss i b l e a ccou n t I w an t to h ave the .

h i gh er c l a sse s of o u r sc h o o l s i n t ro d u ce d t o S h ak e s p e are c h i e f o f al l a n d ,

th e n t o o t h e r s t a n d ar d E n gl i s h a u th o rs ; b u t th i s can n o t b e d o n e t o
a d v a n t a ge u n l e ss u n d e r a t e ac h e r o f e q u a l l y ra re g i ft s a n d a b u n d a n t

l e i su r e o r t h ro u gh e d i ti o ns S p e c i a l ly p r e p a r e d fo r su c h u se
,
I t r u s t th a t .

y ou w i l l h a v e t h e re q u i s i t e e n co u ra ge m e n t t o p ro ce e d w i t h a w o r k so
h a ppi ly b e gu n .

F r om t /ze E x a m i ner N
'
'
ona C/z r on i el e , . Y

We rep e a t w h a t w e h a v e oft e n sa i d t h a t th e re i s n o e d i t i o n o f S h ak e ,

s p e a r e w h i c h se e m s t o u s p r e fe r a b l e t o M r R o l fe s A s m e re s p e c i m e n s
'
. .

o f t h e p r i n t e r s a n d b i n d e r s a r t th e y a re u n e x ce l l e d a n d t h e i r o th e r
’ ’

m e r i t s a r e e q u a l l y hi g h
,

M r R o l fe h a vi ng l e a r n e d b y t h e p ra c t i c l
. .
,
a

e xp e r i e n ce o f t h e c l a ss r o o m w h a t a i d t h e a v e ra ge s t u d e n t re a l l y n e e d s
-

i n o r d e r t o r e ad S h a k es p e a re i n t e l l i ge n t l y h as p u t j u s t th a t a m o u n t o f ,

a i d i n t o h i s n o t e s a n d n o m or e
,
H a vi ng sa i d w h a t n e e d s t o b e sa i d h e
.
,

s t o p s th e re It i s a r a r e v i r t u e i n t h e e d i t or o f a c l ass i c a n d w e a r e
.
,

p ro p or t i o na t e l y gra t e fu l fo r i t .
 ’
It olf e S k a /Eesfi ea r e
’
4 s .

F r om M e N . Y . T i m es .

T hi s w o rk h as b e e n d o n e we l l
th a t i t co u l d h a rd l y h a v e b e e n d o n e
so

b e tt e r It s h o w s th r o u gh o u t k n o w l e d ge t a s t e d i sc r i m i n a t i ng j u d gm e n t
.
, , ,

a nd ,
w h a t i s r a r e r a n d o f y e t h i gh e r v a l u e a sy m p a th e t i c a pp r e c i a ti o n ,

o f t h e p o e t s m o o d s a n d p u r p ose s
’

F r om t /z e P a ci
fi c S c/i oo l j ou r n a l ,
S a n F ra nci sco .

Th is i t i o n o f Sh a k es p e a re s p l a y s b i d s fa i r t o b e t h e m ost v a l u ab l e
’

ed

a i d t o t h e s t u d y o f E n l i s h l i t er a t u re y e t p u b l i s h e d F o r e d u ca t i o n a l
g .

p u r p oses i t i s b e y o n d p ra i se E a c h o f t h e pl ays i s p r i n t e d i n l a ge c l e a r r

typ e a n d o n e x ce l l e n t p a p e r E v e r y d i ffi cu l ty o f t h e t e xt i s c l e a r l y e x
.

pl a i n e d b y co pi o u s n o t e s It i s r e m ark ab l e h o w m an y n e w b e au ti e s o n e
.

m a y d i sc e r n i n S h ak e s p e a r e w ith t h e a i d o f t h e g l ossa r i e s a tt a c h e d t o
th e se b o ok s T e a c h e r s ca n d o n o h i gh e r b e tt e r w o rk th a n t o i n c u l
a n d s u c h b oo k s a s t h e se w i l l b e s t a i d
.
,

c a t e a l o v e for t h e b e s t l i t e ra t u re

th e m i n cu l ti va ti ng a p u re a n d re fi n e d t as t e
,

F r om t /ze C/z r i s t i a n U n i on ,
N . Y .

Mr . W J .
. R o l fe
p i t al e d i t i o n o f S h ak esp e are
'
s ca b y far t h e b e s t
e d i ti o n fo r sc h o o l a n d p a rl o r u se
n
W e sp ea k a ft e r so m e p ra c t i ca l u se o f
.

i t i n a vi l l age Sh ak e sp e are C l u b T h e n o t e s a re b r i e f bu t u se fu l a n d .

t h e n e ce ssar y e xp u rga t i o n s are m a n a ge d w i th d i sc r i m i n a t i n g sk i l l .

F r om t /ze A ca de my , L on d on .

M r R ol fe
. x ce l l e n t se r i e s o f sc h ool e d i t i o n s o f t h e P l a y s o f Sh ak e
’
s e

s p e a re T h e y d i ff e r fro m so m e o f t h e E n g l i s h o n e s i n l o o k i n g o n t h e
.

p l a y s a s som e th i ng m o r e th a n w o r d p u z z l es T h e y g i v e t h e s t u d e n t -
.

h e l p s a n d h i n t s 0 11 th e c h ara c t e rs a n d m ea ni n gs o f t h e pl ay s w h i l e t h e ,

w o rd n o t e s a r e al so fu l l a n d p o s t e d u p t o t h e l a t e s t d a t e
-
M r R o l fe . .

a l so a d d s t o e a c h o f h i s b o o k s a m o s t u se fu l In d e x o f W o r d s a n d
“

P h ra se s E xpl a i n e d
"
.

P UB LI S H ED BY H AR P E R B R O T H E RS ,
Ne w YOR K .

W Th e a oo ve w o r ks are f or sa e l éy all boo k se l l e r s , or t h ey w i l l do se n toy H A R P E R

81 B R O TH R S E to a ny a d d r ess on r e ce i pt of pr i ce a s q u ot e d I
f . or d e r e d s e n t by

ma il, 1 0 pe r ce n t . s h ou l d be a d de d to t i re pr ic e t o co ve r cos t of pos t a g e .

 O L IVE R G O LD S M IT H .

S ELE C T P O EM S O F O LIVER G O LD SM IT H Ed i t d . e ,

w i th N t s b y W I LL I M J R LF A M f rm r ly H d
o e ,
A . O E, . .
, o e ea

M s t r f t h H i gh S h l C m b r i d g M ss
a e o Ill s e c oo ,
a e, a . u =
~

t t d om
ra e P p r 4 n t s Cl th 5 6 n t s ( U m
. 1 o, a e ,
0 ce o , ce .
?

w i t/i R olf e s S /z a besp ea r e )

’

f or m .

Th e i ti o ns o f T h e M e rc h ant o f Ven i ce and

ca r e ru l l y a rr ange d ed
“

o th er o f S h a k es p e ar e s pl a y s p re p a re d by M r W i l l i a m
J Ro l fe fo r t h e
’
. .

u se o f s t u d e n t s w i l l b e r e m e m b e re d wi th pl e a s u re b
y m a ny r e a d e rs a nd ,

th e y w il l we l co m e a no th e r v o l u m e o f a s i m il ar c h ara ct e r fr o m t h e s a m e
S e l e c t P o e ms o f O l i ve r G o l d sm i th e d it e d
”
so u rce i n t h e fo r m o f t h e

w i th n o t e s fu l l e r th a n th ose o f a ny o t h e r k n o wn e d iti o n m a ny o f t h e m
, ,

o r i g i n a l w i t h t h e e d it o r —B ost on Tr n scr ipt . a .

M r Ro l fe i s d o i ng ve r y us e fu l w o rk i n t h e p r e p ar a ti o n o f co m p a ct
h an d b o o k s fo r s t u dy i n E ngl i s h l i t e ra t u re H i s o wn p e rs o na l c u l t u re
.

-
.
-

a n d h i s l o ng e xp e r i e n ce as a t e a ch e r g i v e h i m g oo d k no wl e d ge o f wh a t

i s wa n t e d i n t hi s w ay Tb e Co ngr ega t i on a l i s t B o s t o n
M r R o l fe h as p re fi x e d t o t h e P o e m s se l e ct i o ns i l l u st r at i ve o f G o l d
. .
,

s m i th s c h a ra ct e r a s a m a n a n d g r a d e a s a p o e t fro m s k e t c h e s b y M a
’

y T h a c k e ray G e o rge C o l m a n T h o m a s C a m p b e l l J o h n F o r s t e r
, ,

c a ul a , , , , ,

a n d W a s h i ng t o n Irvi ng H e h a s a l s o a pp e nd e d a t t h e e nd o f t h e
.

vo l u m e a b o d y o f s c h o l a r l y n o t e s e xpl a i n i ng an d i l l u s t ra t i ng t h e p o e m s
'

a n d d ea l i n g w i th t h e ti m e s i n w hi c h th e y we r e w r i tt e n a s we l l a s t h e

i nci d e n t s a nd c i r cu ms t a nce s a tt e nd i ng th e i r co m p os i ti o n —Cb r z ti a n

,
’

. s

In tel l i gen ce) ; N . Y .

T he no es t a re j us t
d i s cr i m i n ati ng i n t o ne , a n d su pply a l l th a t i s
a nd

ne ce ss ary e i th e r fo r u n d e rs t a n d i ng t h e t h o u gh t o f t h e s e ve ra l p o e m s , or

y
fo r a c r iti ca l s t u d o f th e l a ng u age Th e us e o f s u ch b o o k s i n t h e s c h o o l ~ .

r o o m ca nno t b u t c o n t r i b u t e l a rge l y t o war d s p u tti ng t h e s t u d y o f E ngl i s h

l it era t u re u p o n a s o u nd b as i s a nd m an a n a d u l t re a d e r w o u l d fi nd i n y
t h e p r e s e n t v o l u m e a n e x ce l l e n t O pp o r t u n i t fo r b eco m i ng c r i ti c a ll y a c» y
q u ai nt e d w i th o ne o f t h e g re a t es t o f l a s t ce n t u ry s p oe t s Appl eton s
’ ’
—
y on r n a l , N . Y .

P UB LI S H ED BY H A R PE R B R O T H E RS , NEW YOR K .

i?
(B l e a bove w or k s a r e / or sa l e by a l l boo k se l l e r s , or t l z ey w i l l be se n t by H A R P E R
BR O T H R S E to a ny a d d r e ss on r e ce r
lbt of p r i ce as q u ot ed . If o r d er ed se n t by

m a il cent sh o u l d be a dd e d t o t he t r i ce to cos t q osta g e.

,
1 0
pe r . co ve r
 AFTERNOONS WITH THE POETS .

A F T E R N OO N S W IT H T H E PO ET S By . C . D D ES H L E R
. .

P o s t 8 y o C l o th (51 7 5 , ,
.

Th is p l e as i ng wo rk i s m ad e u p o f c i t a ti o n s from th e p o e t s a cco m
p a n i e d w i th e a sy a n d fa m i l i ar d i sc u ss i o n s o f t h e i r m e r i t s a n d p e c u l i a i
,

t i e s Se v e n a ft e rno o ns a r e th u s agre e ab l y o cc u p i e d a nd t ak e t h e sh a p e
.
,

o f a s m a ny i n t e r es ti n g c h a pt e r s Th e p a r ti c ip an t s are t h e
"
. P ro fe sso r
a n d h i s p u p i l w h o a r e r e p r e se n t e d a s o n t e r m s o f t h e u t m o s t i n ti m a c y
, ,

a n d e xp r e ss th e i r se n t i m e n t s t o e a c h o t h e r w i th p e r fe c t fr e e d o m

M r D e s h l e r h as h a ppi l y se l e c t e d t h e so n n e t a n d co n fi n e d h i s v i e w o f
.

.
,

t h e p o e t s t o t h e i r p ro d u c t i o n s i n th i s s i ngl e s p e c i e s o f v e rs e Th e .

a u th o r s e xt e n s iv e re se a r c h h as b e e n acco m p a n i e d b y m i n u t e sc r u t i n y
’
,

fa ith fu l co m p a r i son a n d j u d i c i o u s d i sc r i m i n a t i o n
,
H i s c r i ti c a l o b se r v a .

t i o n s a re frank h o n es t goo d n a t u re d y e t j u s t d i scr e e t co m p re h e n s i ve

-

It w o u l d b e d i ffi c u l t t o fi n d a v o l u m e th a t i n so
. , , , , ,

a n d fu l l o f i n s t r u c t i o n

s m a l l a co m p a ss o ffe rs e q u a l a i d fo r t h e cu l t i v a t i o n o f l i t e r a ry t a s t e a n d
.

fo r r ea c h i n g a n e asy a c q u a i n t a n c e w i th a l l t h e gre t p o e t s o f t h e E n g a

l i s h t o n gu e Th e styl e i s p u r e a n d t ran sp a re n t an d th o u g h co l l o q u i a l
i n fo r m i t i s e x ce ed i n gl y cor re c t a n d e l e gan t e m b o d y i n g e v e ry c h as t e
.
,

, ,

a d o rn m e n t o f w h i c h l a n gu a ge i s cap ab l e — B ost on T a n ipt r s cr .

A v e r y u n co n v e n t i o n a l a n d pl e asa n t b o ok — 1 V Y H e al d . . . r .

T h e su b s t a n ce o f t h e b o o k i s d e c i d e d ly m e r it o r i o u s fa r b e tt e r th a n
m ost o f t h e cr i t i c i sm p u b l i sh e d i n th ese d a y s It s h o w s care fu l s t u d y
,

.
,

e xt e n s i v e r e a d i n g a n i ce t a st e a n d d i sc r i m i n a ti o n
, a n d a l so a ge n u i n e ,

a pp r e c i a t i o n a n d i n s i h t w h i c h are ra r e — A7 Y E ven i n
g g E x p r es
r
. . s.

A vol u m e o f m u c h l it e ra r y i n t e re s t a n d i s v e r y p l e a sa n tly w r itt e n *

, .

M r D e s hl er s d i scu ss i o n s o f l it e ra t u e a e e xt re m e l y i n t e re s t i n g
’
. r r It .

w i l l b e a so u r ce o f e nj o y m e n t t o a l l w h o h a v e a t a st e fo r p o e t ry a nd ca n ,

a pp r e c i a t e t h e h i h e s t t r i u m ph s o f p o e t i c a r t a s d i spl a y e d i n t h e so n n e t
g .

H a r tf or d P ost .

We have th an k M r D e sh l e r fo r a co l l e c ti o n o f som e o f t h e m o t
to s

e x q u i s i t e so n n e t s i n t h e E n l i s h l a n u a e w i th a n a n i m a t e d a
.

g g g ppr e c 1 a , ,

ti v e a n d su gge t i v e c o m m e n t w h i c h s h ow s a fi n e p o e ti ca l t a s t e a n d i an
s s

fi —
,

( i n t e re s ti n
g a n d I n s t r u c t i ve
g u i d e i n a ch a rm i n
g e l d N Y M i ll . . . .

P UB LI S H ED BY H AR P E R B ROT H E R S , NE W YO R K .

W The a bo ve w or k 15 f or sa l e by all book sel z e r s , or w i l l be se n t by t h e pu bl i sl z e r s ,

ija
r ag e pr epa i d , to a ny pa r t of t i l e U n i t e d S t a l es, C a na d a , or fi l e x i c o , on r e ce zjot
0 ric e.
 R O B E R T B R O WNING .

S E LE C T PO E M S O F R O B E R T B R O W N IN G E d i t e d .
,

w i th N o t e s b y WIL L IA M R O L F E A M fo rm e r ly H e a d
, ,
. .
,

M a s t e r o f t h e H i g h S c h oo l C a m b r id ge M a s s a n d H E L , , ,

O I S E E H E R S EY Ill u s t r a t e d
. 1 6 m o P ap e r
.
4 0 ce n t s ; .
, ,

C l o th 5 6 c e n t s ( U myor m w z zl z R olfe s S na k esp ea r e )

‘
’
’
‘

, . .

P ro b a b l y i t ic y e t h a s go n e t o t h e h e a r t o f B r o w n i ng s t ru e s i gn i fi
’
n o cr

ca n ce a s d oes M i ss H e r se y T h e re i s so m e th i ng i n t h e n e n e ss o f h e r
. fi
i ns i gh t a n d h e r su b tl e sp i r i t u a l sy m p a thy th a t t ru ly i n t e r p re t s h i m w h i l e
o th e rs w r it e i n a m o r e o r l e ss sc h o l a r l y m a n n e r a b o u t h i m
, ,

M i ss H e r .

se y s w o r k i n d i ca t e s t h e b l e n d i n g o f t w o e x ce pti o n a l q u a l it i e s — t h e
’

po
e ti c s y m p a thy a n d t h e c r it i c a l j u d g m e n t s S h e fe e l s i n t u it iv e ly a l l t h e .

p oe t s su b tl e m ea n i ngs sh e i s re sp o n s i b l e t o th e m b y v i r t u e o f t e m p e r
’

am ent y e t a d d e d t o th i s i s t h e c iti ca l fac u l ty k e e n l o g i ca l a n d co n r , , ,

s t ru c t iv e — B o t on Tr a vel /er s .

T o say th a t t h e s e l e c t i o ns h a v e b e e n m a d e b y M r R o l fe i s t o say t h a t .

th ey h a ve n o t o n l y b e e n m a d e by a ca re fu l a n d a cc u ra t e sc h o l a r b u t b y
T h e No t e s w h i c h fi l l so m e
,

a m a n o f p u re a n d b e a u t i fu l t ast e .
,

t h i r ty p a ges a re ad m i rab l e i n th e i r sco p e a n d b re v i ty — /V Y M a i l a n d

, . . .

E x pr ess .

We ca n c o n sc e n i t i o u sly sa y th a t b o th t h e a rra n
ge m e n t of th e se e c l
t i o ns a n d th e fu l n e ss, as we l l
i l l u m i n a t i ng c h a ra c t e r o f t h e a nn o
as th e
t a t i o n s a r e a l l th a t t h e m o s t e x a c t i ng t a s t e co u l d r e q u i r e ; a n d t h e w h o l e
,

w o rk i s w e l l fi t t ed t o c h a r m t h e p o e t s e s t a b l i s h e d a d m i r ers a n d t o
’

a w a k e n i n o th e rs w h o h a v e n o t b e e n am on
g th e se a n e w se n se o f
B ro w n i n g s s t re n gth a n d b e a u ty a s a w r i t e r H a tf r d Ti m es
’
. r o .

S e l e c t P o e m s f R o b e r t B ro w n i ng i s a m a r v el o f i nd u st i o u s
“
The o r

e d it i n g w i se c h o i ce a n d e x ce l l e n t j u d gm e n t i n c o m m e n t
, , ,
A n i n t ro .

d u c t i o n a b r i e f a cc o u n t o f B r ow n i ng s l i fe a n d w o rk s a c h ro n o l og i ca l
’

, ,

t a b l e o f h i s w o rk s a nd a se r i e s o f e xt a c t e d c r it i ca l co m m e n t s o n t h e
,
r

p o e t p re ce d e th e s e r i e s o f se l e c t i o n s B e s i d e s th e s e th e re a re a t t h e e nd
,
.

o f t h e b o o k ve y e xt e n s iv e v a l u a b l e a n d m i n u t e ly i l l u s t ra t i v e n o t e s t o
r , , ,

ge th e r w ith a d d e n d a su ppl i e d b y B ro w n i n g h i m se l f o n p o i n t s w h i c h t h e
e d i t o rs w e re u n a b l e fu l ly t o c l e a r u Y S tar
p . . .

P UB LI S HED BY H AR PE R B RO T H E RS , NE W YO RK .

W Th e a bove w o r k s are f or sa l e 5] all oook sel l e r s , or t l zey w i l l be s e nt by H A RP R E

B ROT H E RS to a n) l a d d r ess on r e ce i pt of f r i ee as qu ot e d If or d e r ed
. se n t by
m a il , 1 0 per cen t . sh ou l d be a dd e d to we t r i ce t o cover cos t o f nost a e e
 EN
G LISH MEN OF LETTERS .

E D IT E D B Y J O H N M O RLE Y .

T h e fo ll owi ng v l o u m e s a r e n o w re a d y
SA M U E J O H NSO N L By L N
E SLI E S T E P H E
N
.

E D WA R D B y J C M O RI S O
L
. . . . .

S IR W A T E R S C O T T By R H H UT ION ’ ‘

LL Y ND
. . .

P E RCY B Y SS H E S H E EY By J A S MO S
U Y
. . .

D A VID H U M E B y T H H X LE
L L
. . .

O IVE R GO D S M IT H B y W ILLI A M B L A C K
L N
.

D A NIE D E FOE B y W ILLI A M M I T O .

R O B E R T B U R NS B y P r i n c ip a l S H A IR P
U
.

E D M U ND S P E NS E R B y R W C H RC H
LL N NY
. . . .

W I IA M M T H A C K E R A Y By A TH O T R O LL O P E
N Y
. .

E D M U ND By JOH M O RL E
L N
. .

JO H N M I TON B y M A R K P A TT I SO
L N Y
.

NAT H A NIE H A W T H O R NE By H E R J AM E S J r
DW D WD N
.
,

RO B E RT By E AR DO E
D
.

G EO F F R E Y C H A U C E R B y A W WA R
UD
. . . .

J O H N B U NYA N B y J A F RO E
LL IA M DW N
. . .

WI CO WPE R B y GOL I SM IT H
L L N
.

A E X A ND E R P O PE By E SLI E ST E P H E
L N
.

O R D B Y RO N By JOH NI C H O L
L W
.

JO H N OCKE B y T H O M A S F O LE R
LL Y
.

W I IA M W O R D S W O R T H By F W H M ERS
N BU Y
. . . .

O H N D RY D E N G SA I T S R
L L DN Y N
. .

A T E R S A VA G E A ND O R By SI E C O LV I
D N
.

T H O M A S D E Q U INC E Y By DAV I M A SSO

L L D N
.

C H AR ES AM B B y A LF R E A I GE R
L BB
.

R IC H A R D B E NT E Y By R C J E
L D
. . .

C H A R E S D IC K E NS B y A W WAR . . .

T H O M A S G R AY B y E W G O SSE
L N
. . .

J O NA T H A N S W IFT By E S LI E ST E P H E

L
.

A U R E NC E S T E R NE B y H D T R A ILI
L N
. .

T H O M A S B M A C A U AY B y J C M O R I SO
L U N B N
. . . .

H E NR Y F IE D ING B y A ST I D O SO
L N
.

R IC H A R D B R INS EY S H E R ID A N B y M rs O LI P H A T
. . .

J O SE P H B y W J C O U RT H O P E
L U
. . .

O R D B AC O N By R W C H RCH
L L L
. . .

SA M U E T A Y O R C O E R ID G E B y H D T R A ILL
L Y ND
. . .

S IR P H I IP S ID NEY By J A S M O S
DN Y N
. . .

JO H N B y SI E C O LV I .

Iz mo, C l th
o , t
7 5 ce n s p e r vl
o u me.

P UB LI S H ED BY H ARP E R B R O T H E R S, NE W YO RK .

KB "
Th e a bo ve w or k i s f or sa l e by a l l book se l l e r s , or w i l l be s e nt by t /ze fin bl i sl ce r s,
po st a g e pr epa i d , to a ny f
pa r t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s, Ca n a d a , or fi l e x i co , on r e ce i pt
i f or i ce .