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Copyright 2009
./ry
Venancio I. Besavilla,Jr.
(BSCE,MSME,AS, F. (PICE)
Civil Enginr • CIT {2nd Place)·August, 1969
Geodetic Engineer - CIT (7th Place) - July, 1966
F1mner Instructor: Cebu Institute of Technology
former Instructor: University of the Visayas ,
Fonner Chairman: C.E. Dept University of Uie Visayas
Former Dean: College of Engineering and Architecture, University of the Visayas
Awardee: As an Outsfandino Educator from ths Phii. Veterans Legion on May 1984
Awardee: As Outstanding Alumnus in tl1e field of Education
from CIT Alumni Asscc1atiot1, Inc., March 1990
Awardee: As Outstanding Engineering E:1u,;;;tor from the
CIT High Schooi Alumni Assoc.iJtion, Dcvmber 1991
President: Cebu fnstitute of Tectmo!c>flj_Alumni Association (2003-up to the present)
President: PhilipPine Institute of Civil engineers (PJCE) Cebu Chapter 2009
President: Phii1ppineInstitute of Civil Enginrs (P/Ct) 1'/ational Board 2009
Member: Geo-Institute of the Amerii:an Societ/ of Civil EnginEM:r:> (ASCEJ.
Member: Structural Engineerir.g JnstM& of tho American Society ,,f C,'t11I Engineers (ASCE)
Member: American Society of Civil En J ir.eers fASCE} (Membership No. 346960)
Member: Americitn ConcrtE1 Institute 'ACI) (l)emt•ership No. 104553)
Member: PICE Delegation to the Ame can Sociaty of CIVil Engineers (ASCEl
Convention and Confer;tnce,Minnoa?.?lis,Minnesota,USA (Oct. 199)
Head PICE Delegation to tho 17thExecutive t:omm1itee Meeting of the Asian Civil ERgineering
Coordinating Coimcil (ACECC), Hanoi, Vietnam (April 2009)
H&ad PJCE Delegation to the Japan Society of C1Vif Engineers (JSCE) Conference,
. Fukuoka,Japan {September 2009)
.Head PICE Delegation to the Amencan Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Annual Conference,
. Kimsas Citv. USA (October 2009) ·
REFERENCI S,
i¥eW hffei¥tff.; ; = '.·: :. ·m W@!W
. WW
I
I
I
1. Engineering Mechanics - by Ferdinand Singer
Copyright 1986 by Venancio I: Besav lla: Jr. All,
Rights Reserved. No part of this pubhcattOn may-. I '2nd Edition (Harper and Row Publisher)
be reproduced , stored in·a retrieval system, r 2. Vector Mechanics For Engineers - by Ferdinand P.Beer arid
ttansmitied,inany.form or by any means, elcctroi_uc.
mechanical, photocopyin g, recording. or othc1se,
without the prior written permision of th!; publisher. II 2nd Metric Edition (cGrawhill)
E.Russel Johnston Jr.
-
10. Engineering Mechanis - by R.C. Hibb1er
4th Edition (Macmillan Publishing Company)
11. Engineering Mechanics- by Mclean and Nelson
P"nt1Prmc« .Cebu C1t)'t Ttl. 272-2813 ·
3rdEdition (McGrawhill Book Company)
12. Engineering Mechanics - by R.C. Hibbeler
3rd Edition (Macmillan Publishing Co.)
13". Engineering Mechanics - by Anthony Bedford and Wallace Fowler
3rd Edition (Prentice Hall) ·.
14. Engineering Mechanics - by Seibert Fainnan clnd Chester Cutshcill
· 2nd Edition (JohnWiley and Sons Inc.)_.
15. Mechahics for Engineers - by Ferdinand P.Beer and E. Russel johnston Jr.
:!.rd Edition (McGrawhill Book Company)
l. Method of Joint 58 63
2. Method of Sections 63 65
3. Frames Containlng Three Force Members GS 78
,-.
00APTER
I
THREE
f """
- . .. · ::,: · :""
.....
1. Laws or Friction 79 ·- 99
2. Wedges 100 110
' 3. Square Threaded Screws 111 115
4. Belt Friction 115 • 120
5. Rolling Resistance 120 121
1. Centroids of Areas 148 164 l. Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration 354 . 357
2. Second Proposition of Pappus 165 174 2. Rotation with Variable Angular Acceleration 358 36}
3. Centroldal Rotation 361 . 368
4. Non-Centroldal Rotation 369 • 381
5. Plane CUrvlllnear Motion· 382 • . 389
1. Flight of ProjecWe
2.
3.
4.
5.
Centrifugal Force
Banldng of Highway Curves
290. · 313
Tangential and Normal Components of Acceleration 313 · 334
Kinetics of ear Translation 334 · 339
340 · 348
348 · 353
·1E 1..LI.near Impiilse-llomentum Applied to Translation
2. Consenatlon of Jlomentum ·
447 • •66
466 • 528
. Ty=-257 kN
Determineeach forces: • Py
........... ......, ""'--
PT Solution: Pr=l40
p = ( 200)2 + (1ool2
.Solution:
Pn = 1600 Sin "
Pn = 1600
F=600
= 1280 kN
P = soooo,
P =-224kl'J
100
·tane = -
200
1 Solution:
Px = P Cos"·
14o= f8f.0i6l
P= 161.2 kN .
· 7 .
0 =26.6°
Pr =1600 Cos " ta "= 7
Pr = 1600
PT =960 kN
F = ..J (-200)2 +(300)2
F = 361i<N
L.!j'_
7 - Px
Py =80 kN
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4
R= (I'fx)2 + (l:,FyJ2
tan 0 =
tan 0 ) Y 480 R
Find the resultant of the concurrent force 200 N tan 0 =
Rx
,F system sho infigure. Solution: 300
y 100(2) 0 = 58'
tan 0 = ,,,_ F:xl
LFx = 2.24 + 400 Cos 30' - 200 Cos 45'
200 - 300Cos 60' RN = 566 Cos 28"
RN = 500 kN N
LFX = 144.27 N _,
. 100(1) . • . • RT = 566 Sin 28'
LFY= 2.24 + 300 Sin 60 - 200 Sin 45 RT =.266 kN
Determine the resultant of the concurrent
forces shown. - 400 Sin30'
l.Fy = -·36.97 i
490
300 300
R = ...J (36.97)2 + (144.27
Solution: R = 149 N
Fx = 400 + 300 Cos 60' - 200 Cos 30' eFx =l44.27
re
- 300cos so· The resultant of the concurrent forces infigure
36.97 below is300 kN, pointjna up nlor.g the y axis.
fx = 400 + 150 -173.20 - 150 tan 8 = 144.27 Compute the values of F and 0 to give this
Fx = 227.8kN resultant. -
f} =·14.4'
Fy = 200 Sin30' - 300Sin 60' - 300Sinso·
Fy = 100 - 259.80 - 259.80 Visit For more Pdf's Books EFy =-36.77
200
fy =- 419.60 kN Pdfbooksforum.com
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!PRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
]PRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
ForP: Solution:
M0 = Fd MA _ 361 (3) (2) _ 361 (2) (3) <D Horizontal component of the resultant
M0 = FxY + FxX 3.61 3.61
InFig. shown assuming clockwise moments as force
MA = O
Fd= FxY + FyX positive, <:ompute the moment of force Rx = 200 Cos 35' - 100 Sin 50'
=
F 450 kN and of force P 361 kN about = Rx = 87.23
where: Fx =is the horizontal component of pointsA. 8, C and D. MB ::3- 6) _ 3 )
the force F A
MB= -300 kN.m. (?) Vertical component of the resultant for
Fy = is the vertical component of the ,,/ Ry = 200 Sin 35· + 1oo Cos so·
M _ -3 (361) (4)
;-. '? v Ry = 178.99
force F c- 3.61
/ c
Mc= -1200 kN.m.)
® Location of the resultsnt force from point A
.. Mo = 36 (2) + 36_(;(3)
\
\,;..'° Md = 1200 kN.m.
D I
\ B
Solution: R = -'1 (178.99)2 + (87.23)2
From the two sets of forces shown. R= 199.11 kN
lOO kN
'
200 Sin 35 (5) - 100 Sin 50 (4) = 199.11d
Two forces acting at A and B. It is required to Ks_40 d = 1.34 m.
determine the location of its resultant from ,
3
point O.
3
D 2
R = ..J (L:Fx)2 + (L:Fy)2 For F:· 200]<. For the forces in the figure shown
.
l
:l,Fx = 20 + 30 Mo = 450 Cos "' (3)- 450 Sin 0 (1)
kN - 450 (4) (3) 450 (3) (1) ./ 35•
S 4 3 2 1 A
M 70.7 N Y
l:Fy,;, 10-4 o- 5 - 5 Gt Compute the horizontal component of the
Mo = 810 kN.m. resultant force.
Jy =6 kN <ll Compute the vertical component of the
resultant force.
R = ->J (50)2 + 11;2 ® Compute the location of the resultant force
MA = -450 4) (3) _ 450 ( )(1)
R = 50.36 kN frorTJ poir.t A
MA = -810 kN.m. ' 5
M0 =Rd 68.30 N
4
<D Which of !he following most nearly gives
M0= 50.36d 100 sin so· R= _ 11
199 the magnitude of !he horizontal component
M0 = 20(6) + 30(2) + 10(4) - 4(8) MB - 450 4) (3) + 450 ( ) (4) of the resultant of the fdrce system?
@. Which of the following most nearly gives
o = 188 Ms = 2160 kN.m. 200 Si 35" the magnitude of the resultant force?
50.36d = 188 @ Which of the following gives the anglethat
the equilibrant makes with the horizontal
d ;3.73 Mc -.450 ( ) (5) 5 4 axis.
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12 I
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zJ
Qi Value of P:
400 = 300 y - 400 90
P Cos = 60 y = 2.67 m. cot 0 = 120
P Cos 83.16' = 60
. P = 503.79hN By ratio and proportion: 3 0 = 53.1"
1_ 2.67 a = 90 - 0
3- x +2
tan 47.13' =
x x = 2 m. left of 0 " a =36.9'
x = 2.78 m
F Sin 5J.1 = 60
Two forces P and Q pass through a point A
4 - x = 1.22 m L F = 75kN
2- 3
which is 4 m. to the right of 3 m. above a d ::: 1.22 Sin 47.13'
y = 1.33m. above O x+2
moment center 0. force P is 200 N directed up d =0.894
to the right at 30' with the horizontal and force
Q is 100 N directed up to the left at 60' with .M0= 254.59(0.894)
0
the horizontal. Determine the moment of the
resultant of \hese two forces with respect to O.
Mo = 227.64 N.m {counter clockwise)
y
In figure shown, the moment of a certain force
Q=IOO N f is 180 kN.m clockwise about O and 90 kN.m A parallel force system is one in which the
counter-clockwise about B. If its moment about action lines of all the forces are parallel.
A is zero, detennine _the force.
N
1n figure shown, find the y coordinate of point y
A: A so that the 361 kN force will have a
j3m clockwise moment of 400 kN.m. about 0. Also
186.60 ° 4m ' x ·determine the X and Y intercepts of the action
1£ 17 3.20
line of the force.
y
·4361
.....x...=. 2........A.i 3
Solution: R = Fr F 1 - F3
Solution: ;y Mo = FiXrf 1X1 • F;Y(3
l:Jx = 200 Cos 30' _o..._ .,._. x MB = - 90 kN.m.
Ms ::: - F Cos 0 (6) + F Sin 0 (3) M0 =Rd
f x = 173.20
-90 = - 6 F Cos 0 + 3 F Sin 0 Rd= FiX2 - F1X1 - F;Y(3
:L,Fy = 106 Sin so·+ 200 Sin 30' y
-30 = - 2 f Cos 0 + F Sin 0 O
Z:fy = 186.60 !......}.:..... M0 = 180 kN.m.
R = '\/ (173.20)2 + (186.so ' M0 =·f Sin 0 (3)
R = 254.59 N ly 180 = F Sin 0 (3)
ta e = 186.60
n 173.20 I l x For more Pdf's Books
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F Sin 0 = 60 @
9 = 47.13' Pdfbooksforum.com
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14 . IS
II
!i
R = L:Fy
R = 400 + 200 - 100 - 200
R = 300 (upward)
From the given sets of parallelforces shown The horizontal rigid bars A and CD in !he
figure are subject to verticalforces of 2 kN and
fIPrDblem: "
·rom the figure shown beam ABC is
supporting beam CD.
,•
• .t -
-'#.r···;:·:.
'.:j,'.
,'°('. '•• .'
.
J:
00 -··-·_].
TTT
1.5 2.5 2.0 4.5
1l I .5
1kN as shown. Ends A and D are pinned,.and
bar CD. rests on a smooth cylindrical roller
located at E. Further, ends B and C interact
through a second cylindrical roller as indicated.
30N/m
1.0 J 0.6 B ·
90kN ·--· RJ
1.25
Solution:
CD Resultant force: c
A parallel force system acts 2 on the lever
'f 1 J
shown in the figure. Determine the magnitude Fv = 40 + 100 + 60 - 60 - 50
and position of the resultant. IFv =.90 kN
\. CD Solution:
Magnitude of force F: Solution:
® Location of resultant Force: MA = O <D Reaction at C:
12Rc = 120(14) +
Re = 200 N
3
oi12l(2 )
x = 5 m. from the left support . RA= 0.7kN
·Solution: <» Reaction at E: ® Reaction at D:
R = 30 + 60 + 40 - 20 1. Reaction at left support 3 12
IMo=O Re + Ro = 120 + 0( )
R =110 kN l:MA = 0 RE (1.2) = 1.25(1.8) + 1(0.6) 2
2
12 R1 = 90 (7) RE= 2.375kN · Ro = 100 N
R1 = 52.5 kN
MA = Rx ' @ Reaction at D: @ Value of x when Rs
x (110) = 40 (1.1) - 20 (7) + 60(5) + 30 (2) Ro = 1.25 + 1+ Ro
IMA= O
Ro = 2.375 - 2.25
x = 6 m from A 380(10) = 200(13) + 600x
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x = 2 m.
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17
:·....r
and a couple.
. IOO N .
150 2
1500 x = so (12) (6) + ' )(
5N IO N MA =Rx
17 17 8
75 kN
)
x = 7.2 m: from A
Sm
. L-- ..J.--2-.1-0--. Solution:
R=l9.24
<D Resultant:
R = ._J'-("100}2 +{75)2
El
<D Which of the following gives the value of 17 R = 12S N Find the values of P and F so th;:it the four
the resultant for the given loads. tane =9 forces shown in the figure produce an upward
® Which of the follol wing gives the angle that ® Intercept of resultant with the beam: resultant of 300 kN acting at 4 m.from theleft
a = 62.10' LMA = 0 of the bar.
the resultant makes with the horizontal
beam. . 75x = 100(0.40) + 75{2.5} - SO p
Intercept of resultant from fixed support: 100 F 200
@ Which of the follov.ng gives the intercept
@ x = 2.37
of the resultant from the fixed support.
SN IO N
17x = 12(6) + 1,0(8) -47 - 5(4}
x = S m. @ Angle that the resultant makes with the
beam,in clockwise direction.
2-!
.J., i . 1')
47 kN.m
7S
tan,0 = 100
R=300
0 = 36.87'
Solution:
15(4)/5=12 R = P + 200·F.· 100
From the figure shown with the loads acting on
300.:: P• F + 100
the beam.
12+lr=17 P -F =: 200 O
x
75 kN 100 kN
The beam AB in the figure supports A load MA=Rx
.
9 0.40m which varies from an intensity of 50 kN per m -300 (4)= 5 F - 200 (7) - 2 P
to 200 kN per m. Calculate the magnnude and ·1200 =SF -1400- 2P
x position of the resultant load. =
0 5F -·2P • 200
I 50(12) 50(12)/2 o&e
2P - SF + 200 = 0
<D Which of the following gives the simplest P-F - 200 = 0 e
resultantfor the givenloads. 2P - S F + 200 =0
® Which of the following gives the intercept
Solution:. of the resultant with the beam from the left 2P.-2F - 400 = 0
2P- SF + 200 = 0
<D Resultant for the given loads. support.
@ Which of the following gives the angle that 3F - 600 = 0 ·
Visit For more Pdf's Books F=200 kN
R = -../ {17}2 + (9}2 the resultant makes with the Pdfbooksforum.com
horizontal
R = 19.24 kN beam.
p- 200- 200 = 0
P= 400 kN
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40 60 x LMA: 480 N
480(21) = Seo Sin 0 (31.5)
Solution: Seo Sin e = 320
<D Resultant: A plane truss as shown in the fio1 c: is acted
p upon by 480 N downward load at joints C and Right of 2 - 2 as fbd
ij.= 20 + 40 - 30
-l R=30
1------}f -- Eand a 1200 Nload at J directecras shown. S10
R = 30 downward
1200Co>35"
R = P + 40 + 60 Q) 1200Sin35"
Solution:
Mo = -60 (8) + 30 (12) - 40 (16)
M0= - 760 kN.m.(counter clockwise) A force system consists -of a clockwise couple
+760 = F (12) of 400 N.m. plus a 240 N':irce directed!o the
f = 63.3 kN ' (two 63.3 kN forces acting on a right through the origin of x and y axes at
dockwise direction) Bx = 30'.Replace the .system t·y an equivlent
ingle for and compute theintc.r-:epts of its
hne of action with the x and y a;es.
2400 y
-=@£
speed reducer which is geared for a four to Fv = O
one reduction in speed.The torque input at the Av = 2400 kN
l
horizontal shaft C is 100 K .m. the torqu 180
output at the horizontal shaft D, because of the MA =O
2m ,··i·p. _...,..mi,B
speed reduction, is 400 kN.m. Compute the 2400 (6) = Bh (4)
torque reaction at the mounting bolts A and B Bh = 3600 kN I
holding the reducer to the floor.
y TOP VIEW
fh =0 P==240 N
Bh= Ah
Ah= 3600 kN Solution:
240 d = 480
d= 2 m
SIDE VIEW
Sin 30' = Solution:
x
x = 4 m. to the left of 0 Tv. sting effect = 180(2) = 360 N.m
A vertical.force P at A and an.other vertical
force at 8 inthe figure produce a resultant of £ending effect = 180(5) = 900 N.m
Solution: 100 Ndown at D and counter clockwise couple tan 30' =y_
T = 100 kN.m. x
4T '= 400 kN.m. ' C of 200 N.m. Find the magnit\Jde and
y = 4 tan 30'
direetion of forces P and t.
-T + 4T = 30R
y = 2.3 m above 0
p Replace the system of forces acting on the frame
300 = 30R C=200 N.m in the figure shown by a resultant R at A and a
R ::: 10kN vertically up atA and down at B.
(pi miii
A ,.,. -·; B couple acting horizontally through B and C.
20 kN
4m Jm
F
R= IOO N
A verticalshaft AB is 5 m. long and bolted to
the rigi .support altts lower end A.At its upper
The cantilever truss show in figure below Solution: end B isattached a horizontal bar BC which is
carries a vertical°load of 2400 ·kN. The truss is LMs = O 2 m.long. At the end of C is applied a force
supported by bearings at A and Bwhich exerts P = 180 N. Force P is perpendicular to the
the forces Ay, Ah and Bh· The four forces 100(7) + 200 = P(3) plane containing points A, B, and C. Determine
shown constitute two couples.which must have P = 300 N the twisting effect of Pon the shaft AB and the
opposite moment effects to prevent movement bending effect at point A. 4m
100 + F = 300
of the truss. Determine the magnitudes of the 30 kN 60 kN
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23
·!PRINCIPLES OF STATICS)
!PRINCIPLES OF STATICS)
[PRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
x ® Value ofQ: <2l Anle that the resultant makes with the
0 = eos 21. r honzontar.
14.8 0.8(200) -0.9230 + 80 = 0
D = eos 21.s· Q = 260 kN
tan = 60.97 Fy=60.97 From.the given coplanar force system which
=
D 16 m.right of A ® Value of C: 0 47.26 consists of two forces and one couple.
0 = 52.22' Replace the force couple system with force
·LMA = CR acting at A.
Fy=47.26 y
;..500 = P<Xfi) P{X6) + &0(4)-;:G{3) -C
Im
_ 200{18} ._,,, -"!" G @ Horizonatl ditance from the origin where
3 35•T-7- -'----L--LJ(J() X
from the given set of system shown. 2 5.9(
Fx = Rx = P + BO - Q ;=0 -4 -3 ·2 ·
I
Cj
Rx ::0.8P + 80 - 0.923Q = 0 0 2 3 4 5 Solution:
<D Resultant force acting at A:
·Fy =Ry = P + Q (:) - 20 =u
3 Solution: . IF,= R.
Ry = 0.6P • 0.38460 - 20 = 0 by {0.923) © Resultant of the force system: R, = 50 Cos 25' - 100 Cos 35'
· LFx = 34Cos10· + 42Cos 33' -26Cos 40'
0.8.' -0.9230 + 80;::: 0 by\0.3846) Mo =R d R,= - 36.60 kN
. Lfx = 47.26 N
0.Jtil tP - 0.3550 + 30.768 = 0
369.67 = 77.14d LF = I\
o.5538P - o.3sso - 18.46 = o LFy = 28 Sin40· + 42 Sin33.- 34 Sin 10' + 26 .
d = 4.79 Ry ;50_Sin25· • 100 Sin35·
- 0.2461p + 49.228 = 0 rFy =ii0.97
4 79
Sin s2.22·= · Ry = ·36.23 kN .
0.2461P:49.228 x
R = ...J {47.26f + (60.97)2.
P = 200 kH x = 6.06 R = ...J (- 36.60)2 + ( 36.23)2
R = 77.14N Visit For more Pdf's Books
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IPRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
--...------------
\PRINCIPLES O- TICS) --....·.. -·----.....--------""""---'---------------
..
150 N
y
The resultant of four forces is 390 .N directed
4-.7 I •
t1>-
),<f9
P.,.:, 77.14 N
IFy = 150• 400.5 - 259.8 110 I
l l @ .Angle the resultant makes with the
·,_, IFy = - 510.3 ...
. ...-
;(,SI.SO horizontal.
MA= C 47.26 .R2 = -,/ (510.3)2 + (810.7)2
= 3('.;0 .37.78'
:. ; CSJ. /
-o::: -...... -
20
4----L--:r
R=390N
C = 50 Cos 25' (2) - 300 -100 Sin 35' {-t') tan 0 = 60.97
C = .487.17k.N.m (counter clockwise) e(!,==37.78'
322.22'
y 1
From the given set of system shown. Distance o resultant from x and y axes
28 N
LMo = 125 + tB Cos 40'(4) + 26(3) Solution:
' 120
<D Force F
+ 42 Sin 33{5) • 34 Cos 10· (1)
77.14d = 369.69
d = 4,Y9 ';. ·
42 N R=957.94
and
the resultant makes with the horizontal y xes. '-i " . ...·· ·'\'\,.. R77 .!4
y Visit For more Pdf's Books
,, ·i:;i, 21'
measured counterclockwise. l Pdfbooksforum.com . ' --.....,,_ Rx '
C;t• Which of the following gives the distance \ \"' !-- '-..
of the resultant from the intersection of.x
: . Sin 32.2' = u7
' x IFx = 110 t 90 + F
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x = 2.19 m. from o Cos e
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. ·. ..L ;Fx = 200 + F Cos e
·: larl 32.2 = 2.19 I:F y :=120 • 120 - F
:: Y;; 1.38 m. above O Cos 9
..
;· I:Fy =• F Sin e
' ./ ;i ->ii:,
1.. ,. [( 0
\ ":'
FCos 0 = 160
5
F Sin0 = (390)
13
390(12}
200 + F,Cos 0= 13
- Problem:
The three forces shown in the figure are
required to cause a horizontal resultant acting
through A. lfF = 316 N, determine the value of
P and T. Hint: Apply MR = "LM 8 to detennine
Wi1M CEBoard Ms"
Consider a coplanar force system shown.
y
ION.
>•
.o t
F Sin0 =150 R, then MR = 'LMc to find P and finally either 6.7N
F Sin a = 150
MR.= D-1o or Ry = 'LFy to compute T. (S.3) 4
F Cos 0 = 160 1 F=316N -t ---------- x 13X = 10(5) + 3(8) - 6(2). 30 .
150 ! © Compute the resultant of the system. x = 2.46m.
tan_e = 160 : A ® Compute the location of the resultant from
e =43.2' / the y-axis. ® Location of the resultant from the x-axis:
F Sin43.2' = 150 I ttie x-axis. · 6 y = 10(5) + 3(8) - 6(2) - 30
F = 219 N ,. -.r y y = 5.33
""'°"'
, ._.. _ION 3
@ ;·Xintercept of force F
y
T p
I , e ,}
30N•m ' (8 2) ; X '6
Solution: . 13 '
I i2 .
s x . :-__..
y 300 :ii :
E 100
Solution:
© Resultant of the system:
F=219 Note:-.J (3)2 +(6)2 =6.7
' 6.7Sin e =y
M0 =360(2) + 150(3)
6 . 7 (1 }
M0 = 1170 N.m ...rs = y
0 lJ=x = O
1170 = 90(4) +110(4) - 120(3) + 120(2) T · to.5547 t p ·y = 3 N
F1Cos B - F2Cos 0= 0
+ 219d x:= 6.7eoS 0
d = 2.24 m LMa = 300(1} + 100(2) = {1)R x = 6.7(2) = 6 t9 ;EFy = O
2 4 R = SOQ N {5 F1 InB + F2 Sin0 - F3 = O
Sin 43.2 = :
x = 3.26 m from 0 'LMc = 500(3} = 0.894P(4} + 100(4} - 300{2) Ry=10 +3 =13 e R = -.J (lJ=xJ2 + (l',Fy)2
P = 475 N Rx =6
@ Y intercept of force F Note: The conditions of equilibrium for
n43.20' = *6 =
'LMo 3(500) = ·0.5547T(4} + 300(2)+ 100(4) R2 = (13)2 +{6)2
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concurrent force systems are obtained
by determin ing the equations that
y = 3.06 m. above 0 T =-225 N Pdfbooksforum.com
R = 14.32 N produce.a zero resultant.
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30
IPRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
Solution: Solution:
Solution: 300
l:Fh = 9
Fh =O
T Cos 30·=CCos 45' 0 P Sin55·= NSin 55' x
... . ",;• • "' :• ·•M• "•7"'" ' •o: • _ 0.707 C p = N Sin 55·
T - 0.866 Sin65'
rf v = O Fx = 0
•?'y 1t1,,1 · c ·;
TSin 30·+ C Sin 45' = 600
T
e P Cos 45·= 300 Sin 30'
P = 212 kN
Fy =O
'·· · ,: · ··. - P/.:'. 212 Sin 45' + 300 Cos 30·= N
... l:Fv =O N=410 kN
respectively.
400 kN 300
Fx = O
0 = 33.5'
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33
IPRINCIPL-=S OF STATICS! jPRI NCIPLES OF STATICS)
- Problem: ·: :,
The 300 kN sphere is supported by the pull P
and a 200 kN .weight passing over a
=
frictionless pulley. If a 30", compute the
values of Pand e.
- Problem: · ·.j·
300 +Fcos 60° = PCos ts·+ 400 Sin so· 400 Sin 30" = F Sin 0 e = 29'
f Cos60° "P-Cos15"= 46.41 F Sin9 =200
FCos a·=- 46.41
=
20 Sin a 30 Sin e
20 Sin a = 30 Sin29'
. :Fy = 0. 200 a = 46.6'
F Sin 60 ·+p Sin 15° = 200 + 400 Cos 60" Ian 6 =- 46.41
200
f: Sin 60" + PSin 15" = 400 by Cos 15" 9 = - 88.8' (4th quadrant) OK
\ 300
200 F Cos 60" - P Cos 1s·= 46.41 by Sin 15'
l:Fti = o
r FCos (-88.8°) = - 46.41
. f ;;: 200N
P Sin 0 = 200 Sin 30· F Sin 60' Cos 15" + PSln W Cos 15" The system of knotted cords shown in figure
p _ 200 Sin30' = 400 Cos 15" below support the indicated weights.Compute
- Sine the tensile forcein each cord. •
FCos'Sin 15' • P Cos 15'Sin 15'
.:046.41Sin 15·
200 Sin_30" Cos " + 200 Cos 30" = 300
Sm 0 Determine the angles a and e so that the
0.8365f +0.791P = 386.37
Cot 0 (200) Sin30· + 200Cos 30·= 300 forces shown will be in equilibrium.
0.1294f • 0)91P = 12.01
100Cot "+ 173. 1=300 20 N y
. 126.79 0.9659F = 398.38
Cot 0 =100 F=412.3 N
0 = 38..26'
412.3 Cos 60" • P{;os 15·= 46.41
200 Sin 30° P = 165.4 N
p = Sin 38.26" = 161.49 kN
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IPRINCIPLES OF STATICS I
-
(PRINCIPLES Of YAJICSI
Solution: Solution:
AB Cos 30' = 200 Cos 45' :r- --
1
-
the cylinders and the STnooth horizontal
-,-.<'.··.
surface.
LMA =l.J
Rs = 8000 (15)
60 v Cos 30'
RBv = 2310'kN
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200 kN
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IFh = O
Rah = BOOO Sin 30'
Rah
. 2310
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tan 0 =
4000 Pdfbooksforum.com
0 = 30'
Solution:
LMA = O
2000 Cos 30'(15) + 2000 Sin 30'(40) = 30RB Rs =
2200 kN
LFv = O
RAv + 2000 Sin 30" = Ra
Rv = 2200 - 1000 RAv =
1200 kN .
-
Forces P and F acting along the bars shown in Cos 56.3'
the figure maintain equilibrium of pin A.
P = 900 kN (tension)
Detennine the values of P and F.
20
-
\PRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
-
Two cylinders A and B weighing 100 kN a d
200 kN respectively are connected by a
The cylinders in figure shown have the
Determine the amount and direction of the rid
indicated weights and dimensions.Assumi ng.
smallest force P required to start the wheel rod curved parallel to the smoolh cylindrical
smooth contact surfaces. determine the
over. the block. What is the reaction of the surface shown.Determine the angle a and 0
reacijons at A, B, C and D.
block. that define the position of equilibrium.
2000
200 kN
,.
,
,,, 18
0 = 48.6. r/
........ r /
fy =O ....,
/-..0/\e Solution:
20
7
2000 Co.s 18.6' = P Sin(18.6' + a) Cos B -= -
1895.5 = P(S1n 18.6' Cesa -r Cos 1s.1r Sina) rcos a. rco a 11
= 50.48'·
p= 18S5.5. Solution:
Sin 18.6' Cos a •Cos 18.6'Sin a OE =S.6 - 2- 1= 2.6 Solution: LFv -= O c R1
dP _ -1895.5 (-Sino: 3in 18.6' + Cos a. Cos 18:61 0 + a=90 R1 Sin 50.48 = 20 ".'
1
<ia - (Sin 18.6' Cos a.+ Cos 18.6' Sin a.)2 R1=25.93 kN o 9
Mc = 0 11
0 = 604.6 Sin a.- 1796.5 Cos a 0 = 30" 1oc r cw o: = 200 r cos 0 IFv =O 7 ·R
604.6 Sin a = 1796.5 Cos a R3 Sin 36.9" = 40 + 25.93 Sin 50 43·
200 100 Cos a:: 200 Cos (90 _ a)
P;..!ni i :Fv = O R3 = 100 kN
Sin a 1796 5 '-\ ! Re Cos oo·= 200
100 Cos o:= 200 (Cos 90 Cos a -r Sin 90 Sin o:)
100 Cos o: = 200 Sin a
Cesa = 604.6 · \I Rc= 400 kN
Ian a= 1200
00
. 1786 5
Lfh = O
tan a. = 504_() ·· a = 26.5"
Ro 346.4 kN
u ;;: ?'i.4'
400
0 = 90 - a
Then Lfh = O 0 =63.5"
1895.5 . RA= ReCos 30"
p - Sin 18.6' Cos 71.4' + Cos 18.6" Sin 71.4" RA = 400 Cos 30· R;;": .,.. q.J. IFh = O .
RA = 346.4 kN RA= 100 Cos 36.9'
RA=BO kN
P = 1895.5 kN .13
Lf v =O COS 0 ::,f o
Rs = 400 + 400 Sin30' Three cylinders are piled ir. a rectangular ditch
Thus 2000 · Rf3=600 kN as sown...Neglecting friction, determ ine the 0 = 36.9.
R = 2000 Sin 18.6" · reaction cyi,n1er A and the vertical wall.
R = 638 kN != = :046.3 N.
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40 Pdfbooksforum.com 41
200 kN
Rs Cos 0 =100 + 57.73 Cos 30'
lOO kN
R8 Cos 0 = 150
Three smooth homogeneous cylinders A. B, R8Sin 0 = R,.. + 57.73 Sin 30·
and C are stacked in a V-shaped through as
shown. Each cylinder weighs 100 N and has a R8Sine = R,.. + 28.87
diameter of 120 mm. H
100 = O {no reaction between B and •
RsSin 0 = 28.87
500kN loo--- 400------ i
Rs Cos 0 = 150
200 kN
tan 0 = 0.1925
0 = 10.89'
*I
Two cyli™;lers hving weights of 200 kN and
100 kN:w1th radius of 100 mm and 200 mm
respectively are placed with the heavier weight from the giyen figure shown, the cylinder have
above lighter cylinder and both of lflem are equal diameters.
CD Which of the following most Ill placed in a container having a width of 400
the force at A, in Newtons. mm. _Assuming the lengths of cylinders and © Which of the following gives the reaction at
onla_1ner .to be the same. Which of the A. .
.1) Whicti of the: following most n·
!he i. ::.) at [1. in Newtons. .oUow !ng gives the reaction on the walls or the ® Which of the rouowing gives the reaction at
- 1 Vhtci1 or thelol!Owing most n container. D.
@ Which of the following gives the reaction at
the force al C.:n Newtons.
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43
lPRINCIPLE or STTICSI 1
jPRINCiFi.ES OF STATICS(
20kN
® Reaction at 8: 90kg
426 N
from the figure shown. the two identicr.i 220.69
spheres having equal weights of 367 N is
placed on top of the three identical spher.gs.
arranged as shown.
R1 Solution:..
. Solution: © Force exerted on cylinder B by the indined
Rs= 220.69 Sin 33.75' surface ·
20 kN 4()(9.8l)s392.4
Ra= 122.61 N
@ Reaction at C:
© Compute Illereaction at A.
® Compute the reaction at B.
Compute the reaction at C.
RA Sin30' = Re Cos 0
R Solution:
<D Reaction at A: RA Cos 30' = 392.4 + Re Sin0
. 1 RA =2Rc Cos e
Sine =- 2Rc Cos 9 Cos 30' = 392.4 + Re Sin e
1.8
Re
e = 33_75· 1.732e Cos a - Re Sin e = 392.4
Re= 426 + 220.69 Cos 33.75' (2). Rc(1.72 Cos 9·Sin O} = 392.14
© Reaction at A. \ Re= 792.99 N • 90(9.81)=88?.9
l:Mc =O
Solution:
320 (12) ;::; 960 (12 .y)
320 =.80 (12 -y} M0 =0
l:MR1 ;0
80 y =640 W 1Ql W d (D)
y =8 m. 2 2 =2 (2) +p 2
10R2 = 1800 (14) + 4000 (4)
PD WO Wd
f<2 = 3840 kN
4000 RA=l600
2"'4" 4
z l2 z
320 320 PD = W (·d)
LMo =O
\R (12) = 960 (8) 2PD
R =640 kN W = D·d
J:J
2000 rFv =O 111
10 P is8 m. from D
R1 + R2 = 4000 1600 R2 and R3 is 6 m.apart.
R1 = 5600- 3840 ·,,,
10 RJ
12-z
600 ,900 z
R1 RB . W/2
4 W/2
4000
Solution: W/2 W/2
" 10
LMA = O
320 (12) =-Rx
4 6 4 R1 p
R = 320 (12)
R1 Ri . x 12-y
Solution:-
320 (12)
Solution: x= R c D
l:MR3 = O
320 (12)
w = 3? + 3P + 3P .
10 RA = 1900 (4) + 600 (14) x = 640 R RJ=320
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RA = 1600 kN x =6 m.
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w
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.6 49
·.:·:.
If each pulley shown in figure below weighs A weight W rests on the bar AB.The cable
36 kN and W = 720 kN. Find P to maintain connecting W and B passes over a frictionless
pulley. If bar AB has a neglig(ble-weight, show .
"'"';brium! 2R
lflat the reactioned A is Wl{l- al
+a .
Solution:
LMA =O
15R = 600 {x) + 200 (x + 4) Solution:
w - 800 x + 800 2
R- 15 na=1
a = 63.43"
I.Fv =O '
2R + R = 800 :EFh= O
RsSin 63.43" + 300 = RA Sin 45·
= 800
R. 3 0.894 Rs + 300:: 0.707 RA o
800 800 x + 800
:EFv = O
3= 15 600 = Rs Cos 63.43" + RACos 45·
W1
800 x =3200 600 = 0.447 Rs + 0.707 RA 9
Solution: x = 4 m.
O and e
3 P = 36 +W1
W1= 3P - 36
3 W1 = 36 + W
...,.. soo = 0.447 Rs + o.894 Rs +300
1.341 Ra = 300
Solution:
IMA = O
Rs= 223.71 kN
Bar AB of negligible weight is subject_ed to a Tl+ Ta =Wa
3 (3P - 36) = 36 + W · ' 1'.MA =O
vertical force of 600 kN arid a horizontal force T(l +a)= Wa
9P.-108 = 36 +W of 300 kN applied as shown.Find the angle " RBCos(63.43" - 0){12)+300 Sin0(4)
9P = 144 + W at which equilibrium exists. Assume smooth = 600 Cos 0 (8) T = Wa
surfaces. 223.71 (12) Cos (63.43' - e)+ 1200 Sin" l+ a
-
sp = 144 +120
= 4800 Cos 0
9P = 864 600
l 268452 Cos (63.43" • e) + 1200 Sin0 IFv = O
P = 96 kN =4800Cos "
RA + 2 T =·W
Cos (63.43" - 0) + 0.447 Sin "= 1.788 Cos "
The wheel loads on a jeep are given in figure Cos 63.43" Cos "+ Sin 63.43' Sin "
+0.447 Sin 0 = 1.788 Cos 0 RA = W - + a
0.447 Cos"+ 0.894 Sin"+0.447 Sin "
R _ Wl + Wa + 2 Wa
= 1.788 Cos 0
1.341Sin a = 1.341 Cos "
A- l+a
Sin 0 1.341 R _ Wl -Wa
shown. Determine distance x so that the Cos 0 = 1.341 A - l+a
I
reaction of the beam at A is twice as great as Ian 0 =1 _ W(l ·a)
i the reaction at B. Visit For more Pdf's Books
i1= 45" RA - (l + a)
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5fJ-A
(!'RINCIPLESOF STATICSI
IPRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
91-A Problem:
-
1-0 -./::"·'-/./· x c
Find the distance ·x·(measured along AB) at -The weight W of a traveling crane is 20 tons
The 580 N loadis suspended on the cable by
+
:Fh = 0
J(10·xJ2. +.(y·2)2 = J x2 +y2 (10-x)
60 = Rs Sin " LMs:= O . x
a< 5 + ) = 20 {1)+ 20 (1o)
Rs= 6of3
Q( 5+ x) = 220 w = 580N
Jx 2 + y 2 + J(10-x)2 +(y-2)2 =15
Rs =72.1tkN
3 Jx2 + y2 + Jx2 + y2 (10 -x) = 15
tan " · MA =.0 (when the Pis removed) LFh= O
--
2 x
TSin 0=T Sin a
"= 56.31'3 ax= s (20) Jx2 +y2 .(1+ 10-x )=15
0=a
tan a= Qx = 120 x
. -4 Jx2 +y2 (x +10·x )= 15
a= 36.87' 6 560 + 36 x 5Q +Qx ='220
7 x = 3.33 Q= 20 tons
}.:MA =O 9 m.
(10) Rs Cos 19.44'= 140 Cos 36.87' (5} .
+ 60 Sin 36.87' (x) 9 f.
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9 Pdfbooksforum.com 20 x = 120
(10) (72.11) Co$ 19.44' = 140 (5) Cos 36.87'
+ 60 Sin 36.87 (x) x =6m.
=
2
AB = (10-x)2 + fy 2) x
2
AC = Jx + y
2 Visit For more Pdf's Books
Jx2 + y2 (10 Pdfbooksforum.com
AB+AC =15 m. ) =15
x
:Y)"
IPRINCiPLES OF STATICSI IPRINCIPLES OF STATICSI
91-8 Problem:
The figure shown below, neglecting the length
2 x2 + y2 =3x andweight of the rope and pulleys.
® Tension on cable AB:
4 (2 + y2) = 9x2
L
Solution:
4
I:Fv = 0 t e =a
AC Cos 45' + AB Cos 53.13' = 39.24 0 = 63.4'
fh = 0 LMA = O)
AC Sin45·= AB Sin 53.13'
100 (6) + 200 (2) = T Sin 0 (4)
AB = 0.883 AC 0 l:Fx =O
T Sin0 = 250
RA Sin 0 ·Ra Sin B = 0 .
T Sin63.4' = 250
AC Cos 45' + 0.883 AC Cos 53.13' = 39.24
<D Determine the $tlongation of $pring AD. 8 })=y= O T= 27 kN
® Determine Ille elongation of.spring AC. AC = 31.72 N
RA Cos 0 + Rs Cos B = P1 + P2
@ Determine Ille elongation of spring AB.
e l:MA =0 Fv = O
31.72
Solution: XAc = -- P 1X1 +Pr Rs Cos B L = 0 T Sin 0 + R1= 200 + 100
20
<D Elongation of spring AD. 250 + R1= 300
XAc = 1.586 m.
FAD =.4(9.81) R1 = 50 kN
FA0 =39.24 N
, A boom AB is supported in a horizontal
XAO (40) = 39.24 Fh= O
position by a hingeA and a cable which runs
XAO = 0.981 m. from C ever a small pulley at D as shown in T Cos 0 =R2
@ Elongation of spring AB. figure below. Compute the tension T in the
@ Elongation of spring AC. AB = 0.883(31.72) cable and the horizontal and vertical Rz = 279 Cos 63.4'
AB =28 N components of the reaction at A. 'Neglect the R2.= 125 kN
size f the pulleyat D.
D.
28
XAB= -
30
XA8 = 0.933 '11.
I .
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53
!PRINCIPLES OF STATICS) . IPRINCaeLes OF STATICSI
Rz Solution:
Ms=O
RAH (12) = 200 (12) +600{6) + 500 (4
Solution: RAH = 200 + 300 + 167
Cot "= 4 Cos 30' . Compute the total reactions at A and 8 for the
6 . ·. lruss·shown.
RAH =£67 kN
R
Solution: Solution:
If v = O .. .DAA= O
t. R = 24000 + 6000 Cos 60"
: R = 27000 kN . · . Rs(AC) = 4000
= 15(15) S(>/ution:·
j;· .:
· ACCos 30'
Ms = Rx :.' 15
. IMs= O .
24000 (11) + 6000 (4) -10000 (6) =Rx AC = Cos 30·
I' RA(8) =420 (2) + T (6)
.I 27000 x = 228000 Visit For more Pdf's Books
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' ..
· ''
.
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57
!ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I
Mktj Problem:r ,- ., CE= O
<• 'i
ED = EF= 0.577 P
Determine the force in each bar of the truss CD = CB = 0.577 P
shown in figure below. AH= O
p
Note; At A, there are only two unknowns, so it p
would be convenient to solve the two AB =2
unknowns, since there are 2 equations 0.557 P Sin·30'.=BF
formulated, .BF = 0.289 P
This is based on the assumption that all
members of any joint is a concurrent force
s•:stem in equilibrium. At no lime should lhere At joint B, there are only two unknown values
b- mo;e than two unknown·forces at a joint. since the magnitude of AB was already
Indicate the forces by fT'" ns 0!:! aiioW
When in compressio, , :1e arrow is directed 1 computed at joint A. Determine the forces in the members of the
'·
toward the jointbeing analyzed and for tension
the direction of the arrow is away from the ·. i
104 kN
roof truss shown.
. AB BC .
:-- '
1.5
tan e =-
£MG =O
e =45.
1.5
2,Fx = O =0.577 p R
'=0.577 p lOO kN
AB Cos 45' + BC Cos 45' = BD
AB LFv =O
311.13 Cos 45' + 164.05 Cos 45' = BD
100 Sin30" + 100=A8 Sin30'BD Sin30'
BD = 336 kN (Compression) 100
D=x = O 100 + Sin 30_- = AB ifSO
!'- •
AC ·ABCos 0 =0 300 = AB +BO
2,f y= O 300 = AB +.100 + AB
EF ..f.. AB = 100kN
ABSin 9 = 220 Visit For more Pdf's Books 2
BO = 100 + 100 = 200 kN
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!ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I (ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I
CD = BDCos 30' CB = 866 kN (compression) AC "' 1000 Cos 60' + 1732 Cos 30'
AC = 2000kN
CO = 200 Cos 30' = 1732 kN LFh=O .
CB
G
1000 1000 10
BE = 1ss kN DF a= 53' 200
: Al •JO;,, 1-·
Solution: In the cantilever truss·shown in figure below,
:· ';.,Fy ·o .
IFv= 0 (at Pl.A) compute the force in members AB, BE and .'.. OF =O BD
OE. . . t•
'Yo
EF AB
AB Sin 30· = 1000
AB = 2000 kN '
''. A! poinlfr BC
·OE Sin 60' = 1000 AB Sin 33.7' = 100
:·oe = 1155 kN
:··. AB = 180 kN(tension}
BD DF AC = 180 Cos 33.7'
AC = 150 kN{compression)
DE
BC = 200 kN (compression)
l:Fh =O BC = CD Sin53'
AC = AB Cos 30' 200
=
AC 2000 Cos 30'
'\ .
AB .
CD =s;n 53'
AC = 1732 kN (compressiOn) Solution:
At pointA: A ·.•·. . · 30" AC . CD = 250 kN{tension)
'!.Fy =O :' fie!ennine the force in members AB, AC,CD CE = 150 + CO Cos 53·
l:Fv = O
;
CD Cos 30'. =BC.Cos 30· + 1000
=
AB Sin 30' 1000 Sin 60' . oa CE of the canti ever truss shown. CE = 150 + 250 Cos 53'
i AB = 1732 kN Visit For more Pdf's Books
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12
5200 R2 =.900 N · tan a = 9
0
AC Sin 23.4' ;:: 5200 a = 53.13'
AC = 13100 kN
DG SinS3.13' + 600 =900
AB:::: 13100 Cos 23.4'
DG = 375 N
AB = 12000 kN (Compression)
AB=l2000
FOfCe inmember FH:
Solution: FH Sin 45·= 9.00
.FH= 1273 N (compression) One advantage of the method of sections is
c BD
that you could immediately determine directly
-:: Fqrce in member OF:· the stresses or fomes in any member without
3
CB Cos 30' = BO Cos 60' passing through different joints, but when you
A BO Cos 60' 1. . tan e =9 900 cut a section through the entire truss, the parts
B c=9 CB "' eos·30· r:; , ..
e = 18.43' cut off should not exceed 3 members.
10400 Cos 60
c-a = 9 -6 =3 1273 Cos 45'. = DF Cos 18.43'
CB = Cos 30'
c + a = 9 + 6= 15 · DF.=948 N (compression)
CB = 6000 kN (compression) ·;··
. (C - A) = 6.6· ;:'
-C - A = 13.2'
C + A= 6Q.O'
2 C = 73.2' R1
300 N 300 N 900 N 900 900
C = 36.6' I 9m I
9m
I t
9m Visit For more Pdf's Books
60kN. 180
9
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64
64-A
!ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I IANALYSIS OF STR1.!9TURES)
. · .·. . ··•;t::·:J!t't!: R1 +R2 =360
R2=240 kN . &El:@m. !Jog ® Force at bar 0.
A '
. ·. 9 . From the given cantilever truss shown which
tane = IO N
.
12 • is supported by.a hingedat A and a roller at B;
60kN . .. 0 = 36.8' ION
£
Select a joint where there are 2 unknowns, 2:Mc =O 4= i:::lh-
then sum upmoments at !hatjoint. BD (9) = 120 {12)
rM8=o BO = 160 kN (compression)
60(6) = EF{6) l:Mo:O
}:Mo =O .'
EF = 60 kN (Compression) 2.4 T1= 10(2.4)
CE (9) .: 120 (24)
:. <D Compute the reaction at A. T1=10 N
Note: In computing the force in member EF, CE = 320 kN (tension) ,; @ Compute the iorce at bar 0.
we did not passed through joint A. , @ Compute the force at bat @.
CD Sin 36.8' = 120
@. Force.at bat .
" CD = 200 kN (compression)
·Solution:
MID • .<D at!Tfon at A.
force in members 80, CD and CE of the roof ·Determine the stress BF by the method of
truss shown. section. .·...
2
tan 8 = _
BE 48
8 = 22.62'
2:Fv=O
IMa=O
. Ra(4.4) = 10(2.4)(3) Sin22.62'+ T2 Sin45'= 10
. Ra= 16.36 N LFh= O
Solution:
!fh= O 10 + T2 Cos 45' ::: C3 Cos 22.62'
2400 1200
RAH= Ra in 45' = C3 Sin 22.62'
10- T2 S
Solution: 20 = Cos 22.62'+ C:i Sin22.62·
·,RAH= 16.36 N
LMA = O
2400 (9) + 1200 (12) = BF Cos 36.8 (9) IFv=O C:i= 15.29 N
· + BF Sin 36.8'(12) R w= 10 N
1
IO N
3
MUI Problem: -·.\.,.
' \ "'"
tan 9=3 The center panel of the truss contains two The center diagonals 'of the truss ir. _ figure
flexible cables. What load P will cause a shown can support (ension only. Compute !he
9=45' comwessive force of 2000 N in BO? Then force in each member diagonal and the force
determine which tension diagonal BE or CD is in DG, and BE.
l:Fv = 0 · acting and the force in it.
10 = Cs (Sin 45')
C5 =14.142 N(comp)
LFv = O LFh = O
T2 Sin 45·- 14.142Sin45' 14.142 Cos 45' - T4
+ 15.30 Sin 22.62" = 0 T4 = 10 N (Tension)
T2 = 5.1N (tension) T1 = 10 N (tension)
p 200 600 600
mg Stress at Section ®·
. . ·.
' Solution: Solution:
LMF = O .LMh = O
From the giv{!n truss shown, compute the R1(3)L = P(2L) ,
, .0 2p R1(SO) = 20(300)+2og(70)+£00(30) + 600{15)
following. '. 1= 3
IO N R1 =940 kN
LFv =O . ABS!n45' = P
. 3
14.142Sin45' = T2 Sin45' :: AB = 0.942 P R2 = 1400 - 940 = 4$0 kN
T2 = 14.142 H {tension) ;,\ ·. 0.942P Sin45' = 2000 R3 = 300kN
P = 3000 N
<D Stress at Section <D. .@ Stress at Section @. Considering the left of section AA.
(l) Stress at Section @. 2000
@ Stress at Section @., .IO N
B CD LFv = O
940 =200 + BE Cos 45·
Solution:
<D Stress at Section <D. ' o-200'-0-4>!ldilcf3i11r....1
l-0100
BE= 1050 kN {tension)
IO N
.
(;BC = 2000 DG =.140
IO N
DG ::: 175 kN (tension)
- i_ CD Sin45·+ 2000 = 3000
;· CD = 1414N
I
II>
:I
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-
66
I.ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I
!ANALYSIS Of STRUCTURES.
\
Mo=O
RAV (4) + 200 (2) = 300 (6)
for the frame foaded shown, determine the RAv = 350 kN
horizontal and vertical components of the pin
If all the members of a pin-<:annected structure pressure at B. Specify directions (upper, down, Dfs= O
are subjected to forces which produces
bending action, the s\filcture is called a frame.
., left or right)._ of the force as it acts upon =
RAH(4) + RoH(4) + 300(2) RAv(4) + 200(2)
member CD.
. Avoid·cutting sections through members of AH (4) + 150(4) + 600 = 350 (4) + 400
frames, they are analyzed by considering the '· RAH = 150kN
force body diagrams of each three force
member. Therefore, free body diagrams
should carefully be drawn to obtainedaccurate
results. '};Fy =O
Rav= 700 + 400
Rav = 1100 kN .... The structure shown in figure belowis hinged
A and C. Find the horizontal and
at vertical
components of hinge force at BJ C and A.
XMA = O Rev 200
400(2) + R8ff.4) = 1100(4)
,
Rsn 900 kN lOO
Ef x =O
RAH"' RBH
R..,= 900 kN
fv = O
Mt41 Mf4 Problem: · :,'-t,> , '
RAv = 300 + 250 The frame shown in figure be_low is hinged to The fram shown in figure below is supported
· -rigid supports at A and E. Find the by a hinge at A and a roller at E. Compute the
RAv = 550kN
components of the hinge forces at A and E horizontal and vertical components of lhe
• and the forcesin members BC and BO. · hinge forces at B and C as they act upon
}:Mc = O member AC. ·
120
10 Rev = 200 {5) ---;--8- -i c
Rsv = 10okN
Rev 200
1
4
k: =,=5=.. :=·:f:·::::=·=SJJ·f>R--01:_.
LMA =O
tRsv /I
R11""661
..
,
DI:====lild
6 Rav + 100 {B) = RBH {8) :: Solution:
.
120
600 + 800 = B R$H Solution:
t
RBH =_175 kN
I:Fh= o
RAH = RBH
lMs = O
12 RAH= 200 (12) + 600 (6) + 500 (4)
RAH = 667 kN
··
Rsv'=(iO Solution:
2.Fv =O BD RsH · JlDH
RAH= 175 kN
RcH = RBH = 175kN
Rav = 200.+ 600 + 500 + 600
•Bl 6
f '9·
Rsv = 1900 kN
rMo = o Et :LMA = O
Rsv . Rov 240
240 LFv = O
Rev +RAv= 240 .
- Rev= 16o kN
. . LFv·=o
Rcv+Ro =RBv
Rcv=160 -90
•
Rcv=70 kN up
l:Mc =O
REV ReH (3) = 160 (3) + 90 (4)
. RBH= 280 kN
1:Mo =O ·
rFv = O
RcH(6) + Rcv(3} =.REV (2} Rov + 360:= 420
LFh=O
RcH (6) + 96 (3) = 264 (2) Rov = 6o N
· RcH= Rsl:l = 280 kN right
RcH= 40 kN
IMA·= o
1
l:Mc =O ROH (30) =360 (20) + 60 (40)
RoH (6) +_ Rov (3} = REV (5) MtD .:o. ·Rot-i = 320 kN ,
ROH (6) + 360 {3) = 264 {5)
RoH = 40 kN A three hinged arch Is composed of two :EFh = O
Ro=OO 240 trusses hinged together at D in figure shown.
RoH = RAH = 320 kN
}:.Fv = 0
RcH= RoH = RBH =O kN ·T2d :1B
RAH
RAV
.
Rsv
RBll
·Compute the components of the reaction at A
, ·and then find the forces acting in bars AB and
. . '
LMB = O
=
RAH(4) + RAv(2) + RcH(6) Rcv(3) Solution:
: 30
RAH (4) + 24 (2) + 40 {6} ·= 96 (3) LMs= O
tan Ill =
Ro- (8) = 240 (3) 40
"= 36.8'
Ro = 90kN
400
60 tons
Re,
40ui 1.om
•m Rsy= 4.35
IM1r
Rax= .3.91
. . ·100(6)
R.i = = 2 Solution: Solution:
}:Mo = O © Reaction at C:
R4 = 300 N 20kN
Re:: 300 60 R1 = 60(20) + 120(30)
R1 = 80 tons
·R2 =100.tons
200
300
LMA = O
50Re = 200(30) + 80(70)
Re= 232·tons
RA + Rs = 200 + 80
RA =280 -232 ' 'J.:Fx= 0
RA = 48 tons RAx +3.91 = 8
LMR2 = O IOOtons LMA = O
Rey (4.6) = 8(6) + 20(7.6) RAx= 4.09 kN
300(14)+200(10)(5) = 10R3+200(4X2 200(4) · LMF = 0 200 tons
50Re = 200(;30) + 100(70) Rey = 4.35 kN
R3=1180 N
Re = 260 tons · o 'fMB= O
R2 t R3=200 +200(14)_+ 300 L_Ma= O
. Re+RF =200 + 100 4.09(25) + RAy (23) = 8(19) + 20(15.4)
R2 = 2120 N
RF = 300 - 260 Rex (25) = 4.35(23) RAy= 15.6 kN
RF = 40 tons Rex = 3.91kN
Fy = 3250 N
'Summary of Forces
rMe =O
600(16) = Bx(6)
Bx = 1600
Ex = 1600 -600
Ex = 1000
600
D
a,
.
0,"6
IOm
Considering member BG:
i ..,
F- Considering member ABC:
c c....soo
c,
Fx = 1500 N
Cx + 600 = 1600
ii Bx · ./._---,..-_f. E'---11
6m 4m 4m
Fy = 3250 N Cx = 1000 E;r 8
Ax = 4500 N rMs = O
Ay = 2250 N LMc =O E1""'11 4Ey. 2400(8) = 0
600(16) + 1600(6) = 600(12) + By(8) 'Ey = 4800 N, ·
By = 1500 N 6m
Bx = 1600 N LFy = O
By ...2400 = 4800
For the frame shown, determine the horizontal Lfx =O
By =2400 N
and vertical component of the hinge force at B Ax +800=800
as it acts upon member AC. Ax =O
D LFx = O
Bi + Ex = 2400
F.or the frame shown, determine the resultant . LMA = O
hinge forces at B,C and E.
Considering member GF: . 8o6{9) ... Cyt6) =800(3) +2400(2)
. Byproportion : . Cy= O
:'' .= h;3. LFy = O
. h+3 =9
·: h=6 2400 + b =Ay
Ay=2400N
. ™c= O
;. Ex(6) = 2400(4} Reaction at B:
Solution: · Ex = 1600
Ra =V
(2400)2 +(800)2
··Bx + Ex =2400 Re=2530N
. .Bx = 2400 -1600
.. 81=800
Reaction at C:
Solution:
LFx = O Re = v
(0}2 + (800)2
·. +E1=2400 Rc =800 N
; C1+1600 = 2400
.: Cx =800 Reaction at E:
!.,
2400 N
v
Re = (1600)2 + (4800)2
Re = 5060 N
,
••i'.
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AD = 3.732m.
3
tan e= 4
!ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES I
1#1 5000
6000
c,= 12fL
N
Dx= 6000
Dy
C (7)
D = "{8000)2 + {6o00)2 y Cy = 12444.44
D= 10,000 N
( . W= N
C_
4
Reaclicn at C. .= ·. f =µN
.
5 26
) 8000 91
6.
4.Sm C = 66
6000
8 12444.44
0 = Visit For more Pdf's Books tan·e 26916.66
0 Pdfbooksforum.com 0 = 24.81'
IMa= O 0
05 N µk
F = µ/'I
O Visit For more Pdf's=Books
tan 05 =µ5 Pdfbooksforum.comcoe F
05 =angle of the ffid
A
static friction
n ent
µs =coefficient of
g of
static
·, 9 lV l kin
friction
\. e (when etic
0s is fricti
reache on
o
d at 0k =
f impendi angl
ng e of
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t frict
t
a ! ion
t >
i
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e
f
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r
i s
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i
i
o
n
n g
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5
.
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80
!FRICTION I
IFRICTION I
@ R Cos 31' = 500 Solution:
@ tan 0 =U R = 583 kN 500 R Cos (30 + 0) = 200 200
tan e =0.40 R Sin(30 + 0) = 400
e =21.8' P = R Sin 31"
A 400 kN block is resting on a rough horizontal P = 583 Sin 31' Cot (30 + 0) = 0.50
surface for which the coefficient of friction is 30 + 0 = 63.4. ·
P = 400 Sin 21.8' P=300 kN
0.40. Determine the force P required to cause 500 0 = 33.4' . 30 +0 R
motion to impend if applied to the block. P = 148.5 kN
tan 33.4' = U
Horizontally
(i)
® Downward at 30' with the horizontal u = 0.66
31
@ What m111irnurr. forre is required to start
rnotl':m?
Solution:
*
The 500 kN block shown is incontact with a
45'incline.The coefficient at static friction is
® R Cos (45 - 0) = 500
R Sin (45 - 0) =400
0.25. Compute the value of the horizontal force · Cot (45 - 0) = 1.25 !he bloc:i<s shown ar!) conndcted by flexible,
P necessary to: (45 - 0) = 38.T mextensrble cords passing over frictic,nless
0 = 6.3' pulleys. At A the coefficient of friction me
® Just start the b!GCI< up the incline. 500 = =
fs 0.30 and fk 0.20 while at B they are
® Just prevent motion down the incline. f = .0.40 and fk = 0.30. Compute the
© lJ = 0.40 @ If P = 400, what is the amount and ma_gnitude and direction of the friction force
direction of the frtction force. acting on each block.
N = 400
F =U N '500
F= 0.40 (400) =160
P "' F = 160 kN
N
ZOO
3
9
4 .
5
J
..
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82-A
I FmcTmfil IFRICTION I
-F=µN
What weight W is necessary to start the Solution: N
system of blocks shown if figure lw i:noving
to the right? The coefficient of fnctron 1s 0.10 @ Max.tension that can be applied without
and the pulleys are assumed to be frictionless. Ci'1 Compute the tension T for impending moving the log:
sliding.
r2 t,Z) Compute the tension T for impending
tipping. .
Max. T = 626 N
t!n 0.10(600)
F1 = 60 kN ·
\
· . . ·.
. '
.
. .
T1
N2 + P Sin 0 = 300
. N2 "300 - P Sin 0
Solution:
N= 782.22 N
s
P h= W Cos 0 (2) + W Sin 0 (4)
0.84 Wh = + 1W The 109 Ncylinder shownin the figure is held
at rest on the 30" incline by a weight P
0.84 h= 1.6 + 2.4 suspended from a cord wrapped around the
cylinder. If slipping impends. determine P and
h=4.76 m. the coefficient of friction.
IFRICTION I IFRICTION I
•
F2 = 0.25(320) Cos e
MHI
F2 = 80 Cos e
Block A inthe figure weighs 120 N. block B 200 Sin e = F1+ F2
weighs 200 N, and the chord is allel to the 200 Sin 8 = 30 Cos 9 + 80 Cos e
incline. If the coefficient of friclmn.for all
surfaces in contact is 0.25, determine the 200 Sin e = 110·Cos &
·. 110
angle e of the incftne at which motion of .B ·tan a =-
impends. 200
0 = 28.8' Tension in cbord:
T = 120 Sin 30' + F1
Solution: T = 60 + 62.35
IOO N. T = 122.35 N
IFRICTIOJU
IFRICTION).
Assume ·on1y the 45 kg slips and the 36 icg Solution:
remainsin place:
P + 45(9 .81) Sin 25' = 74:68 •252.50
P =140.62N
4i
and the 45 kgblock: F1=300 (0.30)
f 2= 25UO N · F1 =90 kN
P=90kN· Solution:
@ Tensioninthe cable: N1= =200Cos "
... Assuming C will notmove: F2 = u N1 .
T = 28(9.81) Sin 25" + F1
=
1'\i::il T = 28(9.81) Sin25" + 74
T = 190.76 N
:68
. · 2 =400 (0.20) = 80 kN. F1 0.20 .(200) Cos "
F1=40 Cos e
·:. ·Assuming the three blocks move:.
Solution: ---------- . : f3 =0.10{600) Fh=O
CD Value of P: : f3 =60 !IN T + F1 = 200 Sin e
N1 = 28(9.81) Cos 25" . ' P=SO kN T = 200 Sin"- 40 Cos e 0
N1 =248.94 N Find the horizontal for<:e P to start motion a · least.force is 60 kN. N2 = 300pos e
.F 1= 0.30(248.94)° of
any part the system of three blocks restin9; ·----- ------
F2= u
F1 = 74.68 N uponone another as shown. The weight of the
blocks are WA =' 300 kN, Ws = 100 kN and F2 = 0.50(300) Cos 0
N2= N1+ 441.45 Cos 30' We ;: 200·kN. Between A and B, u = .30 Problem: . :.:; {Ni ,
F2 = 150Cos "
N2.:248.94+382.31. between c·a.nd B, u = 0.20 and between
N2=631.25 and ground u = 0.10. . '-Bodies A and B are joined by a cord parallel to
. .· incU plane as shown. Under body A LFh=O .·
F2 = 0.40(631.25) .· w!Hcttwe1ghs 200 kN U = 0.20 while U = 0.50 ·
F2 = 252.50 N :;r. :& ®x t. ' Wlder body B whichweighs 300 kN. Determine
T + 300 Sin 0 ::: F2
T + 300 Sin e = 150Cos 0
· the angle 0 at which motion impends. What is
N3 :c N2 + 353.16 Cos 30' } f.i.; ;: then ttia. tension inthe cord? T 150 Cos 0 - 300 Sin0
N3 = 631.25 + 305.85
N3=937.10N Visit For more Pdf's Books
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89
IFRICTIONI . . (FRICTION)
Solution: 60
N1 = 60 Cos 20· 20'
.N1 = 56.38 kN
F1= u NJ
F1 = 0.40 (56.38}
F1= 22.SSkN
Solution:
Therefore A will move:
Solution:
i
Frir.cion for at A = 22.55 kN fN1::N2
W =N1+ fN2 tan "= 0.25
Friction force at B = 11.26 kN N1 =W -FN2 Iii = 14'
f riclion force at C = 6.84 kN Visit For more Pdf's Books
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91
90
IFRICTION}
•
1
300 CCos 30' +F1=500 300
=
N1 400 + 238 Sin 30·
CCoS 30' + 0.30 (400 + C Sin30') = 500
N1= 519 kN lSO
c 270 'CCos 30' + 120 + 0.15 C = 500
Sin 46" = Sin 74· F=U N to1s c.= 380
F = CCos 30'
C= 202kN
238 cos 30·:::: u (519} C=375kN
350
202 WA u = 0.397 ISO
Sin14·= C WB . R
WA =600kN ' Sin 76.7" =Sin 43.3"
N= 550 + 325 Sin 30"
W = 375 Sin43.3"
B Sin 76.T N = 712.50 kN 400+150 C=325 -
-
Ws =263 kN· F=uN
In figure shown,if f = 0.30 under both blocks . • F = 0.30(712.50) -=P'--"-·'"'··,.,
and A weighs 400 kN. find the maximum F =213.8 kN
weight of B that can be started up the incline r..--:
by applying to A a rightward horizontal force P .
Referring to figure shown bl ck A weighs 400 of 500 kN.
P.= F + CCos 30'
kN and B weighs 300 kN.If f = 0.20 under B, -. rom problem assumi119 that the strut
compute the minimum coefficient of friction • IS a unifonn rodweighing 300 kN. =
p 213.8 + 325 Cos 30·
under A to prevent motion. p = 213.8 + 281.5
300
P =495 kN
MD ;.:-
tan 0 =0.30
-c 350 '.;;.Q
tan ":0.20 $156.3" =Sin 63.7" <D Which of the following giv the force on
":::: 16.7
0 = 11.3' ,, ,.350 Sin56.3' · the strut. · ·
c 300 Sin 63.T ® Which of ihe following gives the reaction at
N1 = 400 + Sin 30· B.
Si'ii48.f = Sin 71.3" .. =325 kN
@ Which of the following gives the value of p
C = 238 kN F1 = 0.30(400 +C Sin 30')
to prevent motion.
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IFRICTION I ;, !FRICTION)
300 kN Solution:
Solution: LFv = O
<D. Force on the strut:
tan e = µ 30· A force of 400 kN is applied to the pulley N2+ uN1= W 0
shown infigure below. The pulley is prevented
tan e =o.20 c from rotating by a force P applied to the end of
9 = 11.3' the fever. If the coefficient of f(iction at the_
brake surface is 0.20, determine the value ·of fj
P.
c - 300
Sin 71.3" -Sin48.7' l:MA =O
· Solution:
C = 378.25 kN - · A =: O
- F F
uN1(16) Cos + N106) Sin 111 = W (16-;os Ill)
@ Reaction ::it B:
c N(1) + 2(1) =2(1) + W L u N1(2 Cos 111) + 2 N1Sin " = w Cos " e
N= WL
Solution:
N'+.-¥"-'I
.......I
Ff2l _ 1.i..1
Ff!
w
J:
.J}v = O I
_B!L_ _ W=F =0.20N
LMo = O 020(WL) = W
Sin 60' - Sin48.7'
F (20) = 400 (10) ' 1
Rs= 345.83 kN
F = 200kN ·L = ll.20 = 5 cm.
'
<.3l Force P: F= UN
F = 0.20 N ! ·_Q; -
200 = 1000 kN
N = 0.20 20 e& o
F ' 400 .(N1+ u2N1)
uN1(2)Cos I'll + 2N1Sin 111 = u Cos l!I
LMA = O N ,A uniform ladde 10 m. long and werghing w
· Cos e
lb. is placed with one end on the ground and 2u Cos 0 + 2 Sin e =--+u Cos e
p (48) + 200 (8) = 1000 {16) u
the other against a vertical wall. The angle of
48 p = 16000 - 1600 ,·frictio_n at all CQn!act surfaces is 20'. Find the
N = 300 + 378.25 Sin30'. P = 300 kN !'lnimum value of the angle 111 at.which the Butn20·= u
N = 489.13 kN ·ladder can be inclined with the horizontal
u =0.364
F = µN
F = 0.20(489.13)
before slipping occurs. 2{0.364)Cos 111 + 2 Sin "= g+0.364Cos "
F = 97.83 kN A horizontal having a bushing 2 cm. long is · 2.386Cos 111 = 2 Sin I'll
slipped over a 2 cm. diameter vertical rod as ' 2
shown in figure below. The coefficient of cot "= 2.366
P = F + C Cos 30'
friction between the bushing and the rod is
P = 97.83 + 378.25 Cos 30' "=50'.
0.20. Compute the minimum length L at which •
P = 425.40 kN a weight W can be placed to prevent _the arm ·,
from slipping down the rod. Neglect the weight
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95
-
)FRICTION I ftRICTIONJ
M EH
_,_.
Problem: ": ;
- "t><i.
AJf:I Problem: -:_.., 'ft
""'; • -;-·.
200
With what horizontal force must an assistant A horizontal bar 10 m. long and of negHgible
brace the bottom of the ladder when the man weight, rests on rough inclined planes as A ladder 20 m.long weighs 40 kN and its
weighing 160 kN climbed 20 m. along the shown. If the angle of friction is 15·, how dose center ?f gravity Is 8 m.from lhe bottom The
ladder 24 m. long weighing 40 kN.Angle of to B may the 200 kN forte be applied before r 15 placed against a vertical waff · ·
ot-so·
friction for allconta.ct surface is 15'.
160
motion impends?
100 200
p . it makes an angle
:;,up the l dder. Can a 160
the
1cf: J::
so that
f " .
Threoarengthlee olafdfdriecrti1o5n on the-·-•l:f" 0 S111pping?
SO/utfon: 15°. at.all contact surfaces is
Solution:
100 200
.t;·!''',;"·9:.
Solution:
tan 15' =U
. }!v = O
u= 0.268
;. =200eos 30·• c Sin 30·
F2 = 0.268 N2
F2 =uN2
N1 + F2 =-200
.. F2 ;:0.90 (200 Cos 30·•C Sin 30·} N1
=
N1 + 0.268 N2 200 RA= 300 Cos 45· . FF:156 -0.45C Solution:
RA= 212.10 kN 300 .tan 15'= u
LMA= O ': Ifh =o ·u=0268
F2(24) Cos 60',+ N2(24)SinSO' .
= 40(12) Cos so·+ ;so (20) Cos so· I:Ms=O '.C Cos 30·+ 200 Sin 30' = F2 MA = O
12 F2 + 20.78 N2 = 240 + 16000 RACos 45· (10) = 1-00 {8) + 200x ; 0.866C +100 =156 0.45C N2 (20)Sin so·+ u N2 (W) Cos SO'
" c= 42.55 kN (tension} = 40 (8) .Cot so·+ .16Qx .
.12 F2 + 20.78 N2 =·1840 212:10 (0.707) (10) = 800 +.200x I:fh = O · 0
12 (0.268 N2) + 20.78 N2 = 1840
899.55 = 200x ·: N1=.400 Cos ·+ 42.55 Sin30· N2 =UN.1 9
24N2 =1840
x=3.5m. N1= 367.69 kN I:fv = O
N2= 76.7
,. =
Nt + u N2 f60 +40 ·
N1+ 0.268 (76.7) = 00 ------------.... ' F1 =uN1 N1 +uN2 =200
N1=179:44 kN :· 1-=0.20 {367.69} Nt=200 -uN2 e
, F1= 73.54 kN 8and e
F1= 0.268 (179.44}
F1= 48.09 kN The two crates shown.ar-e pin-connected =
N2 u(200 !' N2 )
the horizontal strut AB.Find the minmum of . IFh=O °N2-=t200 o - u2 N2
P+F1 = N2 parallel to the incline which will mainta'· ' + F1+ CCos 30' =400Sin 30· N2 {1 + u2j .::200u
equilibrium.
p = 76.7. 48.09 .P.+ 73.54 + 42.55 (0.866} =200 N=
2
= 200 (0.26.fil.
P = 28.61 kN .P =89.61 kN · · 1+u2 1+(0.268,i .
N2= 50 kN .O
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96 96-A
IFRICTIOttl
IFRICTION I
300 162-A Ptoblem:
O& O © Distance from k
N2 = 1,035 = 289.86 kN A plank 10 m. long is placed in a horizontal
50(20) (0.866) + 0.268(50){20)(0.5) Rs = PCos40'
= 40(4.62) + 160x N1 = 0.268 (289.86) = 77.68 kN position with its end resbng on twoindlned
planes as shownin the figure. The angle·of Rs= 0.766 P
866 + 134-; 184.80 + 160x friCtion is 1O'.
160x.::: 815.2 LMo= O LMA= O .
x = S.1 m. C = F1 (1.5) ... f{1.5\ Rs Cos 40·(10) = Py
C = u N1{1.5) + uN2 (1li) .
x =y Cos 60' 0.766 p Cos 40' (10) = Py
c = 0268(77.8)(1.5) + 0.268(289.86)(1.5)
y = ;0 = 10.20 m. y= 5.87 m.
C= 147.75 kN
Q) Distance from B:
<D Determine how close the load P can RA= P Sin 20'
placed from point A before slipping
A homogeneous cylinder 3 m. in diameter and RA =0.342 P
weighing 300 kN, is resting on two inclined Instead of a aiuple.determine the minlmu : impends.
planes as showri in figure below.If the angle of horizontal force P applied tangentially to <l> Determine how close the load P can be
placed . from. point B before slipping LMs= O
friction is 15• for all contact surfaces, compute left al thelop of the cyl nder desaibed ·
the magnilud .of the couple required to start previous problemlo start the cylind impends. RACos 10·(10)= Px
ttie cylinder rotating counterclockwise. :· ·• 1r the load Pis placed at the center of the
rnse.
..1-...J..' '
• plank,determine the maximum angle that 0.342 PCos 10·(10) = Px
300 lhe plank makes with the horizontal at x = 1.17m.
which slipping impends.
P (1.5) = F1 (1.5) + F2 (ts) . 0.342 P Cos 70' (10) Cos e+ 0.342 P Sin
70' (10) Sin 9 = P (5) Cos e
. p=F1+ F2
Solution: 1.169 Cos 9 + 3214 Sin e =5 Cose
P = u N1 + u N2
LFh= O 3.831 Cos 9 = 3.214 Sin 9
P =u(N1 + N2)
N1 Cos 15' = N2 Sin 1s· 3. 831
p = 0:268 (77.68 + 289.86) tan e = 3.214 = 1.192
rF.v =O .
P =98.5 kN a= so·
N1 Sin15'+ N2tos 15·= 300
0.966 N1 = 0.259 N2
1= 0.268 N2
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96-B ·'
IFRICTIONI - . IFRICTIONI
mass center is 1.2 m. from one end. Both y = 12eos a Cot 25· cyinder 2 m. in diameter and weighing 120 kN
ends are provided with frictionless rollers. . . is acted upon by a vertical force P.Detennine
y= h+ 3 Sin a . the magnitude of P.necessary to start lhe
1.2 Cose Cot 25·= 1.8Cose Cot4o· + 3 . cylinder turning. Assunie that f = 0.30.
1.2 Cot 25· - 1.8 Cot 40·= 3 tan a I' 120
2.573 - 2.145 = 3 tan e
tan 9 = 0.143
9= 8.12'
Mt• Proble1TT: . . :.
·A plank 10 m. long is placed in a horizontal A uniform plank of weight W and total length
position with its end resting on two inclined 2L is placed as shown in figure below with its
® Reaction at B: ,,. planes, as shown in figure below. The angle of end in contact with the inclined planes. The
Solution: Using Sine Law: friction is 20·.Detennirie how close the load P angle of friction is · 15· Determine the
<D Valueof angle 9: can be placed to each end before slipping maximum value,of the angle 0 at which
ks 30 impends. slipping impends.
Sin 25' = Sin 115'
Cot40·= 1.S gos 0 Rs= 13.99.kg p
(FRICTION I IFRICTION I
L:Fv = O
Solution:
Solution: R1Cos 45' = 200
W R1 tan e= 0.30
Sin 75· = Sin 30" LFh =O 11 =16.70'
Sin 30' W W- R1 Sin 45' = T .
R1 = .Sin15'
But Sin 45· = Cos 45' l:Fh = 0
R1=0.518 W
.T = 200 kN Rt Sin 16.7' + 300 = R2 Si 43.3'
l:Ms =O l:F = O 0.287 R1+ 300 = 0.686 R2
p
R1 = 2..f Ri- 1045.30 0
R1 Cos 75' (2L Cos e) + R1 Sin 75·(2l) Sin " 200 = P Cos 45· + R2 Cos 60' O
=W L Cos 0
Jv = O l:Fv = 0
0.518W Cos 75' (2L) Cos "+ 0.518W
200 + P Sin45' = R2 Cos 30' . RtCos 16.T + R2 Cos 43.3" = P
15-
Sin (2L) Sin 0 = W Cos "
PCos 45· = 200 - Cos 60' e 0.958 R1+ 0.728 R2 = P
1.268 Cos 0 + Sin 0 = Cos 0 Solution:
R2 = 1.37 P -1.32 R1 @
Sin Ill = 0.732 Cos Ill O&@ LMA = O
tan 0 = 0.732 200 + 200 - R2 Cos60' = R2 Cos 30'
l:MA =O .
Ill = 36.2" 400 = R2 (Cos £0' + Cos 30") . 300(4)Sin 36.9'+P Cos 36.9(9) =i R2Cos6.4(12) N1L Sin 45' - F 1(L Cos 45') - 424)eos 45'=0
R2 = 293 kN .\ 720.50 + 7.20 P =11.93 R2 N1Sin45' - 0.268 N1Cos45· = 212 Cos 45·
P Cos 45' = 200 -293 Cos 60' .... 60.39 + 0.604 P = R2 e N1- 0.268 t-l1 = 212
P Cos 45· = 200 - 146.5
N1= 290kN
P Cos 45' = 53.5 O &@
In figure shown two blocks each weighing 150 P = 75.7 kN R2 = 1.37 P - 1.32 (2.4 R2 - 1045,30)
kN are connected by a uniform horizontal bar
which weighs 100 kN. If the angle of friction is R2::;: 1.37 P - 3.168 R2 + 1379.80 I.Fv = O
15· under each block, find P directed parallel R2 = 0.329 P + 331.05 0 N = 200 + 424 + F1
to the 45· incline that will cause impending MtU N2 = 624 + 0.268 (290)
motion to the left.
A pfank 12 m. lor.g and of negligible weight is 60.39 + 0.604 p =0.329 p + 331.05
ISO+SO N2 = 701.7 kN
supported and carries the horizontal load and 0.275 p =270.66
vertical loads as shown. The coefficient of P= 984 kN
friction is 0.30. If T = 300 kN, determir. the IFh = O
value of P to start motion downward.
P = F2 + 1,
P = 0.20 N2 + N1
Rr
.• . I\
Ar L\ 30" Ri
f. = 0.268·while under the block f = 0.20.
Determine the force P needed to start the
motion to the right.
For block B: p
Solution:
100
R1=Cos 45'
R1= 141.50 kN
IFh = O
R1Cos 45'= R2 Sin 15'
100
R2 =sin 15·
103
IFRICTION I (;RICTfON)
In figure shown, determine the value of P just In problem shown.determine the value of P If wedge described in figure shown had a
Mpj Problem: .$ ·
.. .
Proo/em : , .., R _ R1Cos 35·+ 400
3 - . Cos 15'
R3_ 601Cos 35'+400
sufficient to start
400 kN block. the 10·
The angle of wedge
friction isunder
20· forthe
all acting out
wedge to the leftunder
from that ithe
s required toock.
400 kNbl putt the · we1g.ht of 4.00 kN. What varue of p would be - Cos 15'
requiredlo start the wedge under the block. R3 = 923.B kN
contact surfaces.
P = 601 Sin35' + 923.8 Sin 15·
P= 583.8kN
,,
' ,.·
p . 1153
Sin 45' = Sinso· To adjust the vertical position of a column From the given figure, the mass of the block is
1153 Sin45' ·-· supporting a 2000 kN load, two s·wedges are 200 kg. Coeff. of friction for all surfaces is
Determine the force P required to start the p:: Sinso· 0.40."
used as shown in figure below. Determine.the
wedge shown infigure below .The angle of P= 941 kN : , force P necessary to start the wedges if the
friction for all surfaces in contact is 15'.
..· angle of friction al all surfaces is 25'. Neglect
:· .friction at the rollers.
MtJ,j 2000
IFRICTIOfil
:Efv = 0
N3 = 100 + N2 Cos 15' + 0.2 Ni Sin 15'
15' N3 = 100 + 1.018 N2
© Value of P t9 cause impending motion N3:;: 100 +1.018 (193.96)
block B to the left: N3=297.45 . tan 0= 0.20
LFv =O
N2Cos 15·= 200+0.20 N1+0.2N2 Sin15'· e = 11.31"
Lfh=O 500
0.914 N2 = 00 + 0.20 N1 P= 0.2N3 + 0.2 N2 Cos 15· • N2 Sin 15· tan a= 0.30
P = 0.2 N3 •0.0656 N2 Ct = 16.7'
LFh = O
p 3069.82 0.2 N2 Cos 1s·+ N2 Sin 15·::: N, . p= 0.2(297.45)- 0.0656{193.96j
sm 53.t>. = Siri.68z 0.452 N2 = NJ P-=46.n_ kN
R1 . 500
P = i.'661.19 N 0.914 N2 = 200 + J 20(0.452 N2) Sin 73.3' = Sin 58.01"
N2 = 242.80
the bloclrs areJn equilibrium R1= 564.66 kN
N1= 0452{242.80) = 109.'i6
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10 8
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IFRICTION I
Solution ® Normal force exerted by the inclined plane
<?.> Reaction between the floor and the lower to block A if B moves upward.
block: © Angle e for which slidingis impP.nding. i.
R1 jiThe masses of A and B are 42 kg and 50 kg
-:' ·respectively. Between all contacting surfaces 412.02 N
·;Jls = 0.05. 47.86' Rz .
p
LFv= O
R3Cos17.14'=412.02+n3'.7a Cos 47.86'
tan 0 =0.30 R3= 974.46
Ian = 0.25
B = 14.04'. "= 16.7' ,:·ID Compute the normal force exerted by N3 = 974.46 Cos 2.86'
. block 8 to block A if8 moves upward. N3: 973.25 N
564.66 Cos 48.69' + 100 = R3 Cos 14.04' .B=" ' Compute the nonna!force e1<erted by
R3 = 1415.02 lrN 8 = 16.T the inclined plane to block if B moves
, upward. @ Force required to start block A to move to
0 = /l + 16T
'- Compute the force required to start block the right.
@ Minimum value of a horizontal force P:
e = 16.7' + 16.7' · A to move to the right. LFx= O
P + 141M2 Sin14.04'
= 564.66 Sin 48.69'
e = 33.4' Solution P + 974.46 Sin 17.14' = 773.78 Sin 47.86
P = 216.58 N
P = 80.86 kN .·.© Normalforce exerted by block 8 to block A
<?> Nonnal force -exerted on the block by the,, ·· if B moves upward.
vertical waH. tan0= 0.05
e = 2.86'
50(9.81)=490.5 N
A 200 Nblock rests as sownon the wedge of The masses of A, B and C are 8 kg,12 kg and
negligible weight. Knowing that the coefficient 80 .kg respectively. Between all contact
of static friction is 0.30 on all surfaces of R2= 200 Cos 73.3' 200 N surfaces µs = 0.40.
R2= 57.47 N
contact.
N2 = 57.47 Cos 16.7'
N2= 55N
IFRICTION I
© Compute the normal force- exerted by the LFh=O 0 = pitch angle
horizontal plane to block B if C is moving Re 33.s = R3 Sin 21.a·+ 923.41Sin 31.. L
upward. tan 0 = b
® Compute the normal fo;ce exerted by the Re 33.8'=R3 Sin21.8.+ 486.60 t
Re Sin33.8' = R3 Cos 21.8' - 902.52 L = 27trtan 0
wall to block A if C is moving upward. - .. A square-threaded screw isessentially an
® Compute the force F required to start C 0.83 Re = 0.371R3 + 486.60 a
·,iQdined plane wrapped around cylinder..As
moving upward. $hown in the figure, the height of the
0.556 Re = 0.928 R3- 902.52 · When the screw is used to lift a weight, the
·:«iuivalent inclined plane is the distance "L•
Re = 0.447 R3 + .27 weight maybe assumed to be concentrated on
Solution: . . l ed the Jead of the screw. This is the
one small element of the thread as shown in
© Normal force exerted by the horizontal 0.556(0.447 R3 +586.27) = 0.928R3 - 902. ; istance that a nut will advance .efong the
the figure.
plane to block B if Cis moving upward. 0.249 R3 + 325.97 = 0.928R3- 902.52 ,$CreW in one revolution. Thisis-synonymous
80(9.81)=784.8 N · the pitch or the distance between points
0.679 Rj = 1228.49 lln adjatent threads.
R3= 1809.26
N3 = 1809.26 Cos 21.8' .
N3 = 1679.87 N {normal force exerted by the
horizontal plane toblock B)·
I
.: .,:·.
Re= 0.447 R3 + 586.27 .(:;_
lFRICTIONI
O When motion impending up theindined: e When motion impending down lhe incline ;
Problem: ..:·.;.:·. Solution:
The figure shows an equivalent inclined ... tan s = 0.10
plane showing the relation of the force Q
actingin a plane perpendicular to the axis :TA.single-threaded jackscrew has a pitch of 0.5 "= 5.71'
of the thread and at the mean radiusof the ;loch and a mean radius of 1.75 m. The L
thread. 'jX)efficient of static friction is 0.15 and of tan e =2w
:lcinetic friction is 0.10. Determine the force P 213
;aipplied at the end of a lever 2 fl. long whJch tan e = 2n(2)
Istart lifting the a weight of 2 tons. What
'91ue of P vll keep the jackscrew turning? e = 3.04' ·
M wr tan(·0+ e)
2000(12) = wr tan(5.11·+ 3.04')
=
24000 w(2) tan 8.75'
w = 779651b.
'.ian a·=J
,:_ . 2nr
. . 0.5
°
:Ian = 2n(1.75)
As shown in the figure, a square-threaded
screw is used in a vise to exert a pressu.re of 2
·, . .wr . tons. If the screw is double-threaded and has a
=-tan(e + e)
. a pitch of 0.25 in. and a mean rad.ius of 1.5 in,
Q = Wtan(1·0}
p· - 212000)( 1.75) ta (8 53· 2 6') determine the torque that must be appfied at B
·....- .2(12) n · + · to create this pressure.Assume the coefficient
e = angleoffriction P=57.4lb. of friction to be 0.15.
e = pitch angle
Q = Wtan(e + 0)
tan"=µ
"=angle of friction , L wr
tane=- ,=a-tan(e + e)
a = pitch angle 2w
µ =coefficient of friction "':= 2(2000)(1.7S) t (2 6' 511) Solution:
• · · 2(12) · an · + · ·
tan "=µ L =·lead of screw ;,42.6 lb. L = 0.25(2)
L = 0.5 in.
tan e =-
L r = meanradius tan 0 = 2m
2w 0.5
L = lead of screw Qr tan 0 = 2rr(1.5)
P=
r = mean radius a =3.04-:
µ = coefficient of friction Wr . ) distance between adjacent threads on a
s = 0.15.
P=&-'tan(•·0
threaded jackscrew is in.The mean 0 -8.53'
·is 2in. The coefficient of friction is 0.10.
P=Q-r=-Wr n(e + ·a).
ta , load can be raised. by exerting a moment = Pr tan( 0'1- 0)
a a
:2000 ft.-lb? M = 2(2000)(1.5) tan(3.04' + 8.53')
M = 1228 in-lb = 102.3 ft-lb
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IFRICTION I IFRICTIONI
Qf/,j
; Solution:
An acrobat weighing 150 kN supports himself n"=16
Si
by a wrapping a rope around one leg as
shown.From his leg there hangs 5 m.of rope "=30·
which weighs 0.40 kN/m. What is the min.
coefficient of friction between his leg and the
rope. Neglect his pull on the rope.
T1=1SO lcN
T
Solution:
w
T1 =2
Tz=:l lcN w
Solution: I1-eu6 T1=2
T1=150 kN T1-
301t -eu
T2 = 5(0.40) = kN I!= 180 1000 T1- T2
I! = 0.171t _Tu: _ 1ht .1Cl2
;= e w/2- 8
!!=e0.17 n: g=e0.5
I!= 2n radians T1 1t w. .
150 =eull ',
2 . = 1.185 2wT3=(t .S46)
I 75:eX 1
=1.185
·•= uas T3= 0.823W
;2
4.32 = x T1= 843.88 kN :4 =446i.45 (1.185)
x=ul!
IMp = O
j=5294kN
4.32 = u(2n) T1 =3. 7T2 ;,:5294 kN (Maximum) 200 (3) + O.Bn W (2}= (2) + (3)
u=0.688 843.88 = 3.nT2 600 + 1.64& w = 2.5 w
=
T2 223.84 kN W=703kN
--
Ml!ll
*'''
': ftexible belt runs from A over the Prob!em: ·.· "·'·;1:··i
I
nded pulley P,around the oating
A rope is looped over the two fixed posts P and back over P to a 200 kN weight.
·of 12 cm.dia.as shown.If u = 1ht detemnne /n
coefficient of friction is 1 between the A rope making 1& turns arounda stationary
the maximum and min. values of P that will and lhe compounded pulley P. Find the
'''·· room horizontal drum is used to support a heavy
=
present motion of the load W 1000 kN. Visit For more Pdf's weight W that can be supported
Books
"·' rotating the pulley Por slipping the belt weight If the coefficient of frictionis 0.40, what
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. liepulley P. . weight can be supported by exerting a 50 kN
force at the other end ofthe rope.
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, .·. _ IFRICTIONl
lFRICTIOld
Solution:
Solution: T1_ efB
2 11: radians = 1tum A boat exerts a pullot4000 kN on its hawser . .T2-
2
(2 ) =2.57t radians which is wrapped about acapstan on adock. W. . a= 11t= 4.36 radians
the coefficient of friction is 0.30, how many
B = 2.Stt radians turns must the nawser make around ttie·
capstan so that the pun at Ole other end does '· . ...1= e0.30 (4.36)
not exceed 50 kN? T2
,. .
Solution:· T1 Solution:
-=3. 7
· T2 180
T1 _ efB B = -n:
T2- T1 =3.7T2 180
B =n: radians
4:=e.30 :· M =
1•T2) 8 f =0.20
!' 240(12) = (T1 •T2) 8
r1 = 50e3.1416 er. = 800 :t::. T.1•T2 =
360 1000
T1= 50 (2;3) · x =6.79 1=eff}
T1=1150 kN 0.30 B =6.79 }, T1= 360 + T2 .2
B = 22.3 rad. '., ·3.7T2= 360+T2 := e0.20(n)
·": 2.7T2= 360 T1 =1.87T2
1tum = 2 1t rad. '. .T2= 133.33 kN
22.3 N1= WCOs
A rope wrapped twice around a post will No. of tums = fi 4
:'.'_ T1=360 + T2 N1=5W
support a weight of 4000 kN when a force of No. of tums = 3.55tums
50 kN is exerted at the other end. Determine / _ T1 = 360 + 133.33
the coefficient of friction. \ T1=493.33 kN F1 =u N
F _ 0.20 (4) W
1- - 5
Solution: w IMc =O F1= 0.16W
No_"of turns = 2 ' (;·:
-;" 16P=T1 (2)
B = 2 (2 n) = 4 n:radians_ A torque of 240 kN.m.acts on the brake
shown infigure below. If the brake bond is -1 P=493.33 {2)
3
( •'
T2 = W (5) +F1
· ntact with the bra"lle drum through 250' · ·:P= 61.7kN
· the coefficient offrictionis ·a.30, determine T2 = 0.60 W + 0.16W
= efB force P at the.end of the brakelever. T2 = 0.76 W
4000 = ef (4 n) N2 =N1+1000Cos e
50
ef(4n) = 80
e4.38 = 80 -:Jn figure shown the coefficient of friction is 0.20
N2 = W + 1000 (
N2 = 0.80 W + SOO
n
·'between the rope and the fixed drum and
:.between all surfaces of contract. Determine
.. maximum weight W to prevent down plane F2 =u N2
f (4 - n)= 4.38
f = 0.349
}.tnotion of the 100 kN body. =
F2 0.20 (0.80 W + 800)
F2 = 0.16 W + 160
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IFRICTION•.
.:··.Axial force at A to create E:noughtension
IFh= O :. inthe belt.
T1 +F1 +f2 =1000Sin t
T1=1.87T2 A drum requires a torque of 200 N.m to get A railway car weighing 80 tons is suppor!2t.l tiy
T2=0.76 W to start rotating. The 'Static coefficient wheels that are 800 mmin diameter. A force
friction J.ls between the belt and the drum· of 980 N parallel to the rails keeps the car
1.87(0.76)W+ 0.16W +0.16W+ 160 = 600 0.35. rolling on a straight level track. Determine tl1e
w
1.42 + 0.32 w = 600 .169
.(i) Compute value of T2 to ca
coeff..of rolling resistance for steel wheels on
1.74 W=44o steel rail in mm. · ·
W =2531<N impending sfippags 'between belt
drum.
<2> Compute th8 value of Tt to ca Solution:
·impending slippage between belt
#it• drum.
Q) Compute the min imum axial forte at A
Frictional resistance for wheels, cylinders
without slipping along fl<:it surfaces are
W = 80(00) (9.81) no;•
. ly assumed to be static.This resistance W =784800
The coefficient of friction between the rope · the drum required to ereate en result in wheels rolling against a yielding
and fixed post is 0.40. The ropeis wrapped '6nsion In the belt to start the rotation . .·The ground in front of the wheel is IMA =o rz·
onlyonce around the post the drum. . causing the normal reaction •N" to 980(400) = 784800x
A · at point c at a distance "b" from the x = 0.50 mm
· 'of the centroid of the wheel. The
"b" is known as the coefficient of
resistance.This value dilfera that of the
• tof friction. WJ,11 Problem: . .·,-}...
,> 1-v.h:
250 N B T
A force of 1.225 kN parallel to the rails keeps a
100 ton railway car rolling on a straight level
CD Which .of the following gives the minimum track. If the coel'ficient of rolling friction is
tension inthe rope at point A. 0.6 mm., what is the diameter of the cars
@ Which.of the following gives the minimum wheels inmm?
tension in the rope at point B.
Solution: Solution:
CD Minimum tension i(lthe rope atpoint A: <D Valueof T2·
B= 180" =eur
B= n: radians
T1 = .eJlB = e0.3Sit
T2 T .
250 = e0.4(n:) ! .Le1.10
T2
T2- Solution:
T1=T2 (3) - 100(2200M9.81)
T2 = 71.15 N (tension at A) W- 22
IMA=O W =9.81000 N
® Minimum lMsion intherope atpoint B: T1(0.27) • T2(027) = 200
B =360" 3T2 (0.27) ·Ti (0.27) =200
B = 27t T2 = 370.4H MA = O.
(coefficient of rolling resistance 981000(0.6) = 1225(r)
T1 =·eµB
T2 <2> Value of T1· expressed in mm) r = 480.5
250 = e0.4(2n:) T1= 3 T2 d = 480.5(2)
T2 =
T.1 3(370.4} = 1111.:Z N
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d= 961mm
T2 = 20.2S N
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f«200 N force:
R = "(l:Fx)2 + (l:Fy)Z + (Lf z)2 R "' ...J (Fx)2 + (Fz + (F2)2
'.' = "(O)Z + (0)2 + (4)2
R"' "(174.55)2 + (284.64f + (-242.64) 2 R = "(- 117.14)2 + (226.24)2 + (- 152.45)2 ' llJ = 4 Determine the magnitude of the resultant, its
R = 412.75 R"' 297 N pointing, and its direction <:osines for the
following non-coplanar, concurrent forces.
F _1QQ@ 200(0) 200 N(+ 4, + 5, - 3), 400 N(- .+ 4, - 5},
Direction Cosine: x - 5.39 + 7.07 + 4
Fx 300 N{+ 4, - 2,-3)
Cos 0r. "'"R Fx =-90.19
c 0 - 117.14
- 100(3) 300(- 4) 200(0)
Solution:
OS x - 297
Determine the magnitude of the resultant, its Fy - 5.39 + 7.07 + 4 For 200 N force·:
pointing, and its direction cosines for the Cos 0x = 0.395
following systems of non-coplanar, concurrent Fy = -114.07 d1 = "{4)2 + {5)2 +{- 3f
forces. 300 N(+ 3,- 4, + 6), 400 (- 2, + 4, - 5), Cos e _ ft
d1 = 7.07
200 N(- 4, + 5,- 3) c 0 Y- R
_ 226.24 Fz - 100(4)+300(5) 200(4)
- 5.39 7.07 + 4
OS y- 297
Fz = 486.38 For400 Nforce:
Solution: Cos Sy = 0.763
For 300 Nforce: Fz .d2 = "{- 6)2 + (4)2 + {- 5
(;OS 0z = R d 2 = 8.n
d1 = "(3)2 + (- 4}2 + (6)2 R = ...J {Fx)z + (F»2 + (F2)z
d1=7.81 c 0 - 152.45 r · -
Mx = 326.53(2)
Mx = 653 N.m
B.
/ ;Im X
t _ _ . -·3 .(4.k)
,...._A
_
4 ;_../4
···-·--4···-·-
@ Moment about the y-axis
My= 163.27(4) + 163.27(2) Fz P
@
My =979 N.m
fy_ _f_
3 - 5.39
·fL . _ _ _
:...........................................................x
3
Fy = 0.557P
a1t1 , z
My = Fz{4}
A force P is directed from F toward B in the 1600 = 0.371P(4) Solution:
cube shown causes a moment P = 1078 N
My = 1600 N.m. © Value of P
@ Moment about the x-axis AB = .(-7)2 + (3)2_+_
(5)2
y Mx = Fz(1) AB=9.11
Mx= 0.577(1078)(1}
Fx P
Mx =622 N.m
1
=s.11
Fx = 0.768P
@ Moment about the z-axis 0 .rt=x = O
Mz = 4) + Fx(1) fy _ _f_ e ..[Fy = o·
x Mz = 0.557(1078)(4) + 0.742(1078)(1) 3 -9.11 4D .EFz =O
Mz =3202 N.m Fy=0.329P
© XM'/( =9
Fz P ® l:My=O
z
(!) Determine the valueof P.
@ Determine the moment about the x-axis.
ww
A fo P is directed from a point A(4, 1,4)
5 - 9.11
Fz = 0.549P
M = Fx{4) - FJ3)
@ IMz = O
Note: Equilibrium of current space forces
@ Determine the moment about the z-axis. 2
toward a point B{-3, 4. -1}. If it causes a 1900 = 0.768P(4) - 0.329P(3) is determined by applying either set of
moment Mz = 1900 N.m. P = 911 N the following equations or a
·Solution: <:ombination of them. However, since
© Value ofP © Compute the value of P. . Moment about the x-axis ·
---::---: CZ> there are only three independent
@ Compute the moment about the x-axs. Mx = - '- t4) + Fy(1)
f B = ,Y {3)2 + (4)2 + (3}2 conditions of equilibrium no more than
@ Compute the moment about the y-axis. Mx = - J.549(911)(4) + 0.329(911){1) three unknown quantities. maybe
FB = 5.39 = - 1700 N.m
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132 Pdfbooksforum.com 13 3
-f.aa
6 -6.71
1000 _ f.aa
lMz = O e 6 -6.71
020) = 2000(10)
FAS = 1118 N {Compression)
Dy = 1000
x @ Force in member AC
Cy+ By= 2000 + 1000 -£As.
9 -6.71
Cy+ By =3000
8 = ..!.!.1!!@
ill Determine the force of member AB. Cy + 2Cy = 3000 x 6.71
@ Determine the force of member AC. Cy= 1000 © Compute the force in member AB. Bx = 1500 N
@ Determine the force of member AD. @ Compute the force in member AC.
@ Compute the force inmember AD. rMx = o·
Solution: B = 2(1000)
C3) = Dy(5)
By = 2000 Solution: Cy+ Dy= By
2000 _.£As_ Cy + D1= WOO
Y A IOOON
15 -18.71
"Y + 5 --1000
FAa = 2495 N
. Cy = 500 = 625
® Force of.member AC
-.k s_ £Ac
15-20.62 6 -7.35 .
1000 _ _k F - 625(7.35)
AC -
.15 .-20.62 . 6
FAc = 1375 N FAC ::: 766 N {tension)
© Force in member AB @ Forcein member AO
ill Force of member AB @ Force of member AD AB = -..J {3)2 + {6)2 Dy "625 = 1000
:£Mx = O
-£Ao_ AB = 6.71 Dy= 375
10Cy= 5 By 15 -33.54
By = 2 Cy 0 .!_000 _£Ao_ AC = ...; (3)2 T {3)2 + {6)2 -£Au
15 -33.54 AC = 7.35. 6 -8.37
AD = (30)2 + (15)2 FAD = 2236 N 37L£Au
AD = 33.54 AD = -'1 {5)2 + (3)2 + (6)2 6 -8.37
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= 8.37 FAo = 523 N {tension)
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·*'
Bz
4 = 1-2s00
The point B, C and D of the cantilever
c .
•y' 'V
.
. . ·. Bx = 1500
1200N LFx = O
© Compute the force inmember AB.
Cx = 1500 -1000 Cx=500 2000 _.fAo..
· @, Compute the force inrtiembef AC. '1
AB= (4)2 + (50)2
LMx = O
10 -11.66
·@ Compute 11\e force in member AD. AB = 10.77 FAo = 2332 N
4 Cy = 4 By+ Dz(6) .
AC = -..J (4)2 + (10)2
Solution: AC = 10.77 -.EAa.
10-10.77
1500 _£Aa_
10 -10.77
F = 1615.5 N
® Force inmember AC
6m1 -lAc...
I• ......
,,, .
;,. B
. 10-10.77
500 _..fAc_,
x -·-:;,- f..:..... ·io;;· ·--
'Y ' .. 10 -10.77
F,t.c = .5 N
y
c% c, @ Force iilmember AD ·
Dx= Bx+Cx Dx·= 1500+
G> Force inmember AB 500
1:Mi=O Dx = 2000
1200(10) = Dx(6)
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Qx _ _&c_
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10-11.66
Bx - Dx - Cx =O
1000 - Dx -Cx =O 0
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Dx- 4Cx + 3200 = 0
Dx +Cx - 1000 = O
'i Solution: - 5 Cx + 4200 = 0 .
kMz = O Cx = 840
3 By + 10 Bx· 1700 (8) =0 .
3 By + 10 Bx - 13600 = 0 0 Dx = Bx- ex
ox = 1ooo"- 840 = 160 kN
df = (5)2 +"(6)2 + (4)2 = 8.78 Bx - Dx -Cx =O
d2 = (2)2 +(4)2 +(8J2 =
=Bx
9.16
y x
· · LBX
' 6 -5 AD=Dx
6 . d2 x
-By=5Bx 8 AD _ 160"
9.16- 8 .
AD = 183 kN (Tension)
0&8
3 U} Bx + 10Bx = 13600 Bx=
1000 kN AC _ Cx
6 d3 - x
By= (1000) = 1200 kN AC 840
5 12= 8
AC = 1260 kN (Tension)
Solution: Solution:
r,M= O © Downward force appliedat onewing tip The boom BC of the stiff-leg denick shown in
10 c = 4 (1000) RA + Re = 5700 + P contained in the xy plane.The most AB is
C = 400kN vertical and rests in a socket at A. Points A
l:Mee =O and D are in the same horizontal plane. Points
Mx =O 12RA = P(2) + 5700(1) D and E are in the same vertical plane.
3B = 6 A 12RA = 2P 5700
B=2A
LMy = O Solution:
Fy = O Rc(5) = 20P r.Mxa =O
Rc =4P . 15Az = 500 (10 Sin 30')
A + B+ C ='1000
Az·= 167 kN
A+ 2A + 400 = 1000
RA+ 4P = 5700 + P
A= 200kN · :EMzB= o
=
RA + 3P 5700 by 12 15 Ax= 500 (10 Cos 30') ·
B = 2 (200) = 400 kN 12RA - 2P = 5700 ·Ax = 289 kN
12RA - 36P = 68400 ·:EMco == o
12RA - 2P = 5700 . 5 Ay:: 500 (5 +10 Cos 30')
w;a 3SP =62700
p = 1650 /b
Ay; 1366 kN
· :EMYD = O
.
.© Determlne·lhe forcein theleg BD.
@ Determine the force in the leg BE.
AA airplane with a total wingspread of 40 ft. is
@ Upward force at the same place on the
10 ex - 5 Ax - 5 Az = o · @ Determine the components of the bearing
equipped with a tricycle landing gear. The two . 10Cx - 5 (289)- 5 (167)= O
wing tip that will tilt the plane reaction at A. ·
rear wheels of the landing gear have a 10 ft. ·Cx = 228 kN
tread and are 12 ft. behind the forward wheel. Rc = 4(1650)
The airplane's weight of 5700 lb. acts 1 ft. in Solution:
Re = 6600 lb d1 = (5)2 + (5)2 + (15)2 = 16.58 © Force in member BO
front of the rear wheels.
l:M =O .
RA = 5700 + 1.650 - 6600 BC_ Cx
©· Determine the downward force ap'plied at Ey(10) = Dy(10)
one wing tip along a line 2 ft. ahead of the RA = 750 d1 - x
rear wheelsthat will mt the airplane when it . BC 228 Ey =Dy
is standing on the runway. LMe= O 1s.ss=s
@ .What upward force at the same place on 750(5) + 1650(20)= 5700(5) + 20F BC = 756 kN : Fv = 0
the wing lip will mt the airplane? F = 2251b Ey +Dy+ 1000 = Ay
2Dy + 1000 =Ay
·. . di = d1 = 16.58
-- ------------ . :EFx
Ax -Cx- Dx = O
=0
LMz =.O
289 - 228 - Ox = 0 (Ey + Dy)(10) = 1000(10)
The beam BE of the stiff-leg derrick shown in· ·. Dx =61 kN Ey + Dy = 1000
rotated forward 30' measured in a horizontal 2Dy= 1000
plane. The mass AB is vertical and is BO D x
supported ina socket at A. The points A. C
. d2=-x Dy= 500.
and ·o are in the same horizontal plane. 80 61
Determine the forces in the legs BC and BD 1s.s8=5 BO = (10)2 + (10)2 + (20)2
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BD =Books
202 kN
A. . Pdfbooksforum.com BO = 24.49
y
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142 Pdfbooksforum.com 143
Problem: · .J c
!k-£an. '· .
20 -24.49
- 500(24.49} A uniform bar 10 It. long and weighing W lb A derrick is shown in 'he figure supporting a 7.5
F00 - 20 swivels about a 'frictionless ball and socket 1240 N load. The vertical beam has a ball and tan a.= 14.71 ·
F80 = 612N joint A at its lower end.Its upper end B rests socket connection into the ground at D and is a=27.02·
against a rough vertical wall as shown in the held by guy wires AC and BC. Neglecting the
.figure. Determine the relation between the weight of the members and guy_ wires. R = 1985 Cos 38.66
@ Force in member BE R = 1550
coefficient of friction f at the vertical wall and
Ey = 50.0- _ tile Umiting equilibrium position angle 0 of the
c
BE = (10)2 + (10)2 + (15)2 vertical projection of the bar shown inthe left
BE=20.62 side view. ·C c
.faE._ _ 500
20.62- 70
FsE = 515 N
,/ I\
12
@ Components of bearing reaction at A 14.1/'
Qx _ 612 :
10- 24.49 Solution: ',' '
:
Dx = 250
Si_ 515 . / --1"- ''
-;---3;r--
10-20.62 ''--( w ! '\s D
Ex = 250 '-.., LMo = O
<D Compute the tension of guy wires CE. 2T1Cos 27.02" Sin 35.31.{18)
:EFx = O <il Compute the tension of guy wires BC. + 1550(4): 1985 Sin 51.34.{12)
Ax = Ex + Dx ·· . @ Compute the tension of guy wires AC. . T1= 1003.4 N .
Ar.= 250 + 250 Tse = 1003.4 N
Ax =500 N Solution:
1_1' Tension of-CE: @ Tension of guy wire AC:
TAC = 1003.4 N
:EMoE·=O LMAy = O tan 0 ::: 180 ;R
;.;.-J!::oi=======E
Ay(10) + E5) = 1000(20) 4W = f Bx Sin 0 (8) + 8x6Cos 0
10Ay + 500(5) = 1000(20)
e =38.66"
Ay = 1750 N =
W 2f Bx Sin e + Bx Cos 0 0
L:M0= 0
i240 N
- BC
= =i·
1333.33
BC -
18.19-15
<D Fcirce in cable AC: ...[43-5 - ac s3s.11
l:Mz = O 1s.19=15
BC= 17 U.
Ax (3) + Bx (3) = 1000(7) BC = 649.6 N
Ax+ Bx = 2333.33 · 1748.6 _
{43" -: 3 @ Stress,on member AB:
,(i) Compute the stress on the cable BD. 2
l:My = 0 By= 800N (2)- Compute the streSs of the cable BC. d3 ="(15) + (5)2 + (5)2 .
Ax (4) = Bx (3) @ Comput& the stress of member AB. d3= 16.58. .
Ax= 0.75Bx Bz
1748.6 AB "'1.
0:75Bx + Bx= 2333.33 {43'=3 16.58= 15
Bx= 1333.33 N Bz =800 N AB 535.71
16.58=15
Ax= 0.75(1333.33) AB = 592.14 N
@ Reaction at 0:
Ax = 1000 N Ox=Ax+Bx •
Ox= 1000 +1333.33
For cable AC: '
Ox =2333.33
=
d2 -'1(3)2 +(4)2 + (5)2
dz= 7.07 Oy= Ay+ By -1000 A 1500 kN weight is supported by threecables
. Oy = 600 +.SOO -1000 AB,AC and AD.
Oy=,400 N
PAc =2.5
4.085 Rcz (20):; 5(10) L•••10.••••• c --:'F-2
F3=: 2..5'
l
c;- Rcz = 2.5 kN · 11.45 kN
l
Cy= 0.62 PAC IW= 2.5 kN
Rcx = O IWc = O d1 = (10)2 +(5)2 +(20)2 ·1
3(0.62" RAc) = 2 (0.781) PAS
PAc = 0.84 PAS LMA = O
d, =22.91 l
I
10(5) + 2.5(20) = Rsx (10) d2 = :.,j(..1..0)2,.....+. (10 )2
PAS= 1.19 PAc \. .l
Rax = 10 kN .d2 =14.14 l!
LMos= O
Cy (12)= Dy (1.5) R0 = (10)2 + (2.5)2 =
F2 11.45
-· ·· · --" -....... R.= 10.3kN 5 22.91
l
Cy= 1.25 Dy
f(PAo.Dy) =.2.915
2 .5
L..
<V Force on member CD:
F2 =2.50
£i.. = BC
I
Dy=0.86 PAo d, = (20)2 + (10)2 +(5)2 20 . 10 14.14
Cy= 125 Dy d,= ?2.9 kN F1=0.707 BC.
0.62 PAc = 1.25 (0.86) PAo R 20 :
.....5!... _
CD 22.9 F1 =F1+F3
PAc = 1.73 PAo <D Compute the reaction at C. 0.707 BC= 2.5 + 2.5
..Cy + Dy + By = 1500 ® Compute the force on member CD. co = 10(22.9) BC = 7.07 kN ·
@ Compute the force on member BC. . 20
0.62PAc + 0.86PAo + 0.781PAB = 1500 CD = 11.45 kN
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147-A Pdfbooksforum.com 147-JJ
ICABLE I
,r
@ 'W hich of the following gives the total 79
length of the cable. 8
229-B Problem:·
From the given figure of a cable connection
A shown. · 8·kN .
lf x= O
16kN 5 3
BC Cos I!= .7! l
16kN 20kN
I
LFy O 6
BC S
in B + · ;C7 l = 8
8 kN 4
16kN
20kN T1Cos B1 = 20.23Cos 19.07' · © Which of the following gives the tension of .BC Sin B = 2.568
the segment CD.
BC.Cos B = 4.074
T1 Cos B1= 19.12 @ Which of the following gives the value of rt
@ Which of the following gives the tension of tan B = 0.6303
T1Sin B1 = 16 + 20.23 Sin 19.07'
the segment AB B = 32.2'
·Krsru
respectively. The cable sag at the point where
the 400 kN load is applied equal 15 m. @ Verticalreactions at A and B:
measured from chord connecting A and B. ".iMa= O
CD Which or the following gives the hcrizor.tel H(24)+200(45)+400(30)+200(1 5) = RAy(60)
reactions at A and B. R _ 600(24)+200(45)+400(30}+200(15)
Q) Which of the following gives the vertic<'I
rear.lions at A and B
Ay- 60 . 1---om --
@ Which of lhe following gives lhe reactions RAy :640 kN
at A and B.
x = 330 m.
sag.
Jl= Sl-+ c2
(500)2 = (400)2 + c2
c= 300
Max. sag= y - c
Max. sag = 500 - 300
TA = -'1(352)2 + (258}2
Max. sag :: 200 m.
TA= 436.4 kN
Iana•• Cflllll•11m1•
.'
0 Quarter circle
1
bd 2d e Circular sector
y
2 rsin a
@ Any triangle x 0
3
.1
!bh -h
2 3
0 Segment of arc
€1 Semicircle
'
_.,..:.- - x
2 r cx
r sin a
0
.......... Cl
y '
4r
/. -:+
l -.· \ . ru2
0
37t x
( .· .. 1 ·.··.·..··· 2 or
L_·_·_ . Ct·-:-··· ·· ·. ·.· . x
0.424r
--'""
r-- -.
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1 50
Iam1•1..mna•1m111I
W#I y
Ay = y_ (d yrlx
2r 0 2Jo
1U 2t
£ amk 112
3 .
v = rr3y2dx
2J 0
a312k112 y = 1kfix dx
3 . 2 J0
4 xz ]a
O Area under spandrel 3a312 y:= k1/2 2 0
4· .
3a312 y = k1/2 a2
1 . 1 .E..!..1. h 8
3Y=k112 a112
n+1 bh n +2 b 4n+ 2
y = a1/2 k112
y2 =kx .
'
whenx =a
y2=ka
Centers of Gravity: Centroids of Volumes: y = k1/2 a112
W=W1+ W2:t-W3+ + ... V= V1 + V2+ V3+ ...
vx = V1X1 + V2 + V3X3 + ... Y = 83a112 ki/2
WS< = W1X1 t W2 + WJX3 + W4X4 + ...
wy = W1Y1+ W2Y2+ WJY3 + W4Y4 + ... l/Y = V1Y1 + V2Y2 + VJY3 + ... - 3
y =s y
W#j when x = b y = h
b = k(b)"
Determine the centroid of the quarter circle Determine the centroid of the quadrant of the
whose radius is "r". ellipse shown having an equation of!he ellipse k=
.x2 i.. h b'1 + 1 h b.,, Ii' • b1
y is +b2 = 1. A =b" (n + 1) = n + 1
y A =..!!.E_
n+1
whenn=2
A=b-h
:r 3
Solution:
x2 + y2 = fi.
1tf"'"
Detennine the y coordinate of the spandrel
A =4 shown.
Ax :::
w2
rJr 0
xdA
Compute the area of the spandrer bounded by
the x-axis, the linex = b and the curvey = kx'1
where n = 2. What iS the locatioo of its centroid
from the line x = b?
y
x: = x y dx
4
2 .r
0.
. .
'
rc4r x= J 0
x ...Jh2 dx
'\ Solution:
k b'1+1
nr2 x = ·f r (r2 - x2)112x dx A =n+T
4 0
Ay =y_ rb dA
n:rZ _. 1 (r2 _ x21312 ]r . 2J o
-x = -·-(2) .J.
4 . 2 3 0 Ay ='i. rb .ydx
TCI
2
x _
,
{[(r2 _ r2)312_ (r _ 0)3/2]
2J o
1tr2 - r3 2Aij = y2 dx
Tx =3 0
_ 4r
x = 3n 2AY = k2 x2n dx
0
_
Y ::: 3n
4r
x2n •1
2Ay = k2 2n + 1 O
]b
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n + 1 Y - k 2n + 1- 2n + 1 A =A + A2
2 k bn + 1 - - 2 [ b + 1 02n + 1 ]
2bn+1 _ _ b2n+1
A= t
Solution:
0
ydx
0
2al _ =-1t y 2 dx
Solution:
1
n+1 y - k 2n+ 1
A= at 0
f
Sin x dx
1t .
t
2 0
A = 6(1) + 8(1)
A = 6 + 8 = 14
Ay = A1Y1+ A2Y2
whenx =b y =kb"
A= - -a;l: [Cos 70< ]
L 4aL y = a2 Sin2 x dx
=
14y 6(0.5) + 8{5)
y =h h =kbn 1t 0 . L
k =.!!.
b"_ _ J!. b2n+1
2bn+1
al
A = --•7(t r'yos n-Cos 0)
0
4-Ly- =
a1t
t s· O
m -xux
21t
L
·y = 3.07 in.
· al
n+ 1 y -b" 2n+1
2 b" + 1 - h b·n tJ2n • b1
A
. = - 7t (•1-
1)
A = 2al
1!:Y =l (1- Cos 2[x) dx
2 fil:Y = L
L x = r1- x Sin -x dx 1t
when n= 2 n: J0 L
-y = 3h. y= 1t
10 u=x
du =dx
n: .
dV =Sin L x dx lm,..·:.:
L 7t
V = - Cos cx
x =.O to x = L. n L n 0 CosL-x dx
y
Solution;
A = filfil = 1
27 2
..1-:i12
A2 = 2= 14.1_37
A =A1 + A2
A = 27 +14.137
A = 41.137
.ry = -vf
Ay =A1Y1 +A2Y2
41.137y =27(6) + 14.137(10.27) .....----
23.61 x 106
y = 7.47 ry= 6424.22
ry = 60.6 mm
W#I Problem: - Solution:
. 3{60)7t
© Centroid x:
For the area shown in the figure: A1 = 100(90) = 4500 L1 = 180 = 3.14
y .2 L2 = 2
52 A slender homogeneous wire of unifonn cross
Ai = 1t( ) ::3180.86 ·L = 3!50)7t - 3 14 .
section is bent into a shape shown.Detemiine 3 180 - .
A3 =n(20)2 = 1256.64 the.coordinates of its centroid.
y X1 = 5 - 2.48 Cos 30'= • 2.85
A =A1 +A2 +A3
i2 = 0
A =4500+ 3180.86 +1256.64
A =6424.22 X3: 5 - 2.48 Cos 30' = 2.85
l lllllml•alllll•mmlll , .1e1m11111111cEm11saFwrml
2 Solution:
' 2 = 12 +3{6)
y
X2 = 16
, y-x2f9
From the figure shown, 1
Y2 =3 (6) 2 =
,
4 B 4 C.....f>. ... D X3 = 4
1 y3 = 12· 3n
f6 6 6
Solution: y3= 10.30
Q) Area of the shaded portion !s x2
ml I .1{fil y= 4 -9
A1= 4 X4 =18- 37t
F x 9y = 36·x2
X4=15.45
i(fil x2 = 36 • 9y
Y4 = 12- 37t x2 = - 9y + 36
© Findthe area of the shaded section.
® Find the centroid of shaded section from Y4 = 9.45 x2 = - 9(y - 4)
the y-axis.
@ Find the centroid of shaded section from Ax = A,x, - A2x2 •AJ1.3 • when x= 0
the x-axis. 144.6x = 216(9) - 18(16)- 25.13() 9y =36
• 28.27(15.45)
Solution: y =4
x = 7.73
© Area of the shaded section
A1 = 12(6) = 72
A1 = area of rectangle OABCDEFGO @ Centroid of shaded section from the x-axis
@ Centroidof shaded portion from y-axis A1 = 12(18) = 216 A2 = ¥1= 9
Ay =A1Y1• A2Y2 •A3Y3 • Y4
Ax = A1x1. A2X2 144.6y = 216(6) -18(2). 25.13(10.3) ' _ fill_ g
a (.?!.)
A2 = area of triangle EFG A3 - 2 -
rrr2 _ = n;r2(4r.). mf - 28.27(9.45)
a x. 4 37t 37t A2 = ¥=18 y = 5.07 in. ·2
xn r r =3(12)(4) = 32
a-=3· 12 A3 = area of semi-circle AB
X7t 3r ..tA,2'
A =A1 + A2 + A3 -
a-=12 A3 = 2= 25.13 ·
_ 24r
x = 121t = area of a quarter circle A = 72 + 9 + 9 • 32
2
A = 58
x = 2r = 1t) = 28.27 Find the centroid of the culvert shown.
7t Y1= 3
x = 0.636r YI ·
. ' 1
A = A1 A2· Aa- ' Y2 =3(6) =.2
@ Centroidof shaded portion from x-axis A = 216 -18 • 25.13 - 28.27 2
Ay = A1Y1 -A2Y2 A = 144.60 y3 =5(4) =1.6
IB11111S•C111t1S Ifauvml
A = 26.43 sq.m.
n(t Fromthe given section shown:
y
4
4
A =·10(2) + 6(4) • 7t ( )
2
A = 20 + 24 -12.566
® x-coordir.ale of centroid meters: A = 31.43 m2
y "
® Centroid from y-axis:
I
1-----12 --.l
Solution: - r
x =2
=
' A1 12(1) 12 =
A2 =12(1) = 12 Surfa area is !he product of the length of A = 360n xL
the generating curve multiplied by the distance 180
= =
A3 6(1) 6
traveled byits centroid.
A = 27tXL
A = A1 + A2 + A3
ill When it is revolved about an axis through A = 2n:!L
A = 12 +12 +6 10" an angle of 360·,or 27t radians. 2
A = 30
A =nrl
Y1:: 0.5
Y2 = 7
y3 = 13.5 Solution: e Surface area of a sphere:
Prop. of one 10in.-15.3 channel.
Ay A1Y1 + A2Y2 + A3Y3
Area x y fw
4.47 0.64 0 0.240
30y = 12(0.5) + 12(7) + 6(13.5)
y = 5.7 in.
0 Surface areawith
and radius r
of aslant
conehei
with anL:altitude h
ght of
A=21'XL
A = 3607t)(L
_ 2r
180
Yo
I 2.68
'
, -------""0.64
.;.;ifi )i§i,.,;t ;:;r
2.04
x =-
7t
f?r\
·:y
---------- Xo A =27t.l!:!l ru
7t
Solution:
,. sing 2nd Prop. of Pappus:
v 360Tc _ Solution:
y "' 180- .xA
+ =1
V= 27tXA
y=h(1- }
y =h-!lx
r
Surface area:
x LA =f2nxdS
Using 1st Prop. of Pappus
S _·3507t _L y £!i'. _ !l
- 180 x dx - • r
Solution: S =27txL
-x =1
-r . L =7tt £!l)2- h2
Using 2nd Proposition of Pappus: (dx -
. 87t x=
V= 3607t xA
7t
.V=1.so xA
=3601l: _A
.V 180 x V = 27tX
180A S = 21tXL
V= 27tXA S 2n:{)w
=
V= 27t(0( )
V = 27t(oe } S =4m2
1t?-h· v = rtb2h
V= -3 3
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Iam1111•ama•111111Y•
® Its minor·axis
WJ<jl ·y )Yc d(SA)
LA = 2n x ()dx Id(SA)
LA = 2n() [fJ:
Compute the centroid of surface area of a
hemisphere from the base of the hemisphere.
,
Y J y 2n x {) dx
f d(SA) :c
.LA = n()r2=
2w f0
x dx
y Yc d(lA) 3
I d{LA) V= 601t xA
180
_ fy 2n JcdS . V = 27tXA
y=
J2nxdS A =n:b
,(.
Solution: i = 4a
_ y x ()x d(SA) = 2n x dS 31t
y=
Determine the volume of an ellipsoid of
x{)dx dS= -V 1+ (r d revolution generated by rotating an ellipse
about
@ its major axis (prolate ellipsoid)
@ its minor axis.(oblate ellipsoid)
Solution:
© Its major axis
y WJID
' =
The curve has an equation of z2 20y.
<D Which of the fonowing gives the volume of
1 x2
x
<2>
the solid generated by revolving about the
y-axis.
Which of the following · gives the first
dS = 1 + r2- x2 dx moment of the volume generated
V = 3601t xA @ Which o_f the following gives the centrpidal
180 . coordinates of the volume generated.
dS =
V = 2nxA
_ nab
= --
A- 2
dS
-x =4b -
'\Irfr:dx dS
3n
=! dxy
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170 Pdfbooksforum.com 171
,..,....caRlllFIUlllY.
Iama111UtCBlllll Ifumn•
z *tM , II .
Probie ''" · -1
A 60• pipe elbow has an intern!diam.of 4.in.
¥ ...
The radius of curvature at the pipes center line Compute the volume generated by rotatingthe
area shown through one revolution about the The rim of a pulley has the cross section
is 6 in. Find the internal volume of the elbow. shown.If the rim is made up 'of steel weighing'-'
x-axis.
490 lb. per cu.ft., determi!le the weight of the
Solution: rim.
2nd Prop.of Pappus:
01t -
V = 180 xA
Vy =. f 7t z2 dy V=
01t -
xA
4(4)/JJt
=l.70
4; ) (::) r:)
180
0 80
Vy= f
0
y20ydy
v=
-nr3
V-6
x
Solution.:
\
Vy = 201t ry2
0
dy
y y
2
A1 = 1t) = 25.13
3180 A2-- fi2lfil--1a
Vy= 201t f Jo A = 25.13+ 18
- 201t(80)3 x A = 43.13
Vy- 3
x='2rln
Vy = 3.413x Hf n mm4 Ay = A1Y1 + A2Y2
1st Prop.of Pappus:
@ Centroid: en _L 43.13y = 25.13(1.7) + 18(4}
S =180 X
640007t y: 3.413 x 106 7t y =6.16 .
10"
y = 53.33 8 = 45n {2r)(nr.J + m
180 7t V = 2nxA
Centroid (53.33, 0,0)
y = 53.33,x = 0, l: = 0 S= T +nr2 =w2
V = 2n(6.16)(43.13)
V = 1668 in3
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172 Pdfbooksforum.com 173
'
A body consists of a right circular cone whose
base is 12 in. and whose allltude is 16 in. A
hole 8in.in diameter and 4 In.deep has been
drilled from·the base. The axis of the hole
i
coincides with the axis of the cone.Locate the
. 4"
© Compute the center of gravity frorr the y centroid of the net volume from the base ofthe
axis along the x-axis.say x. cone.
® Compute the center of gravitY from·the x
axis along the y-axis say y.
d=ll.61
@ Compute the center of gravity 1;,m the x '
10"
axisalong the z-axissay z.
Solution:
<D Center of gravity x
X1 =0
X2 = 4
A1=4(4) =16 =
x3 = 8 + 4 Cos 30' 11.464
'tnl -
16
A2'= 2= 4.5 Y1 = O
A= 16- 4.5 = 11.5 Solution: Y2 "'== 2.546
2 Tt 7t
A, = tt) =14.14 y3 =0 Solution:
Ay =A1Y1 -A2Y2
11.5y = 16(2).4.5(3) =
. 2
A2 tt(S} = 3.53
z, ::: 3 V1= n:(6(16)"' 1927t
y 1.61 z2 =0
V2 = n:{4)2(4) "' 64it
A =A1-A2 Z3 = 4 Sin30' = 2
V= 2m
lA A = 14.14 - 3.53 l1 = 6
v = 21t{11.61M11.5) A = 10.61 L2 = n(4) V = V1-V2
V = 838.90 in3
Ay =A1Y1 - A2'h. . l3= 8 v = 192n:- 647t
v.--(12)3
838.90 - 3
-0.485 ft. 10.6W = 14.14(1.27) -3.53(0.64) t= 1 + L2 + L3 v "' 1281t
y = 1.48 L= 26.566
.. 1 .
W= VD d = 4 + 1.48 = s.:.a
w =0.485(490) . Uc = L1X1 + L2X2 + L3X3 x, == 4(16) = 4
V= 2TtdA 26.566x = 6(0) + 41t(4}+ 8(11.464) 1
. w = 238lb. v =2n:(5.48)(10.61) x = 5.34 in. X2 =2(4) = 2
V = 365.3 in3 ·
® Center of gravity y
WJ,fl Ly = L1Y1 + L2Y2 + L;W3 Vx = V1X1 V2X2
I -CEITlllRllllllY.
Determine the height· "h" of the cylinder Determine the height of .the right conical
mounted on the hemispherical base shown so portion mounted on the hemispherical base
that the composite body will be in stable hown so that the composite body will be in
equilibrium on its base. Nole: As long as the stable equilibrium on its base.
center of gravity does not lieabove the x-x
plane, there will exist a restoring couple when y Moment of inertia·is the surnmaUcm of the
the body is tipped. product of each area ':.Jy the square of its
·moment arm or sometimes called the second
y
moment of area.
k = {[
y k = radius of gyration
kx = '1f
.........···· ky=
--+"-----'----.r
Solution:
4 nr3
Solution: V1 = 3 (2)
4ru3 2
V1 = 3 n(2)3
V1= 3(2}
2 V1= 16.755
V1 = 3n(2)3
d
V1=16.755 - 7t(2)2h
Vr 3
V2 = n(2)2h
V2 = 12.566h V2 = 4.189h lx = lx + Ad2
0
+ 12.566h( t 2)
I M1j•m111•
0 Rectangle fx = 0.111'4
0 kxo =0.264r
Jo "":r 1fr4
IX.= 8-
kx =2
r
bh3
10=1 2 bh k0 = 11t2 • Quar1er circle
bh3
h
Xo lx= bh J
-:;2 k=
x fx ,= 0.05&-f kx =: 0.264r
0
0
b
1fr4 r
Xo
@ Triangle . x
r
Xo bh3
Ix =12
bh
2
'"
h/3 1< - _!J_ "ttab3
x '
- A-"16 6 lxo =-4
- kx =2
b
Xa nbtr k =
- 1ro =T y 2
e Circle x
I =1tr4
Xo 4
IllllEIRI f lllEITll.
0
3
h-y l k=
k= {6
3
bh /12
bh/2
2 4 h
lx = 8( ) + 8(10)(1.51) _.{0.11()
+ 25.13(4 .81)
Locate frrst the centroid of the shaded area by
considering the area of a rectangle 8 x 10 and lx = 239.50 in4 y
0
subtract the area of a semi-circle.
b
A1 = 8(10)'= 80 A circle has a radius of r.
2
A2 =1t(:) = 25.13 Solution: © Compute the moment of inertia of the
<il Moment of inertia with respect to its base
1 circle at its centroidal axis.
A = A1 - A 2 @ Compute th.e polar moment of the circle at
A = 80 - 25.13= 54.87 in2 Ix =
J"o1 y2 X dy the origin.
y
_x_ _
Compute the centroid of each area measured
h- y -h I
rrom a common reference suCh as the x-axis.
b
x =jl( h - y)
For rectangle y1 = 5
4r 1
,F ..I 1t = 70
or sem1-c1rc eY2 = = .
31t 3
Solution:
© Moment of Inertia at the c.entroidalaxis
AY = AtY1 - A2
54.87Y = 80(5)- 25:13(1.7)
y = 6.51
IXo = 4 r
0
y2 x dy ·
x= 2
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y2 i2 .y2 dy
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I ••11111a
y ;:r in 0
J
y2 = r2 Sine
dy = rCos 0 de
\\'.hen y =r
. 1t lx = 2f y2 dA d,
0 =2 0
When y =O h/3 Ix = y2 x dy
0
e =O
Ix = y2 ..J r2·-·y2 dy
0 .
y = rSin'e
dy =rCos e de
'1
Ix ={. 2 Sin2e r2. r2 Sin29 r Cos 0 de
0
Using WalHs Formula:
.1tillill.1t Determine the moment of inertia of a triangle
of base "b" and altitude "h" with respect to an
When y =r When y =O
Ix = 4(2) ·;; e =.!!
1tr4 axis through the apex parallelto the base.. .2 0= 0
lx =4
1tr4
ly =4 Ix = rr
Ix =. 0r'
Sin2e'1r2(2e) rCos e de
y
@ Polar moment of inertia Sin2e Cos2e de .
0
Using Wallis Formula:
y
J= r p2 dA
Solution:
Ix " y2 x·cfy
r
0
0
J=
.0
p22npdp LL
h-h- y
J= f 21t p3 dp b
x =11(h - y) Problem: ··, .·'.. 1
0
J = 2p4]
Ix = t 0
y2 (h - y)dy Detennine the moment of inertia.of the quarter
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183
182
I lNIBllS Df IKE1111 I
Determine the moment of inertia of the Determine the moment of inertia and radius of
sa.r;dcircle with respect to the given axes. gyration with respect to the y-axis of the area
.Con-,pu!e also the moment of inertia. of the cut from the first quadrant by the curve
semi<irci€ with respect to the centroidal axes. ' y = 4 - x2 where x and y are in inches.
y y
r
x =...Jr2 -y2 2 ly - 3 - 5
IXo = 0.11r4 -J b2 sin2e ..Jb1-sin2e) b eos e
ix = 4b I = 32 _ 32
0 . y 3 5
lx = 2 y2 v'r2 -y2 dy d8'
I = 160 - 9 = 64
0 2 x 15 15
2
. Ix = b2 Sin20 b2 Cos 0d0
Let y=r Sln 8
·dy = rCos 8 d8 Determine the moment of inertia with respect
to the x-axis of the area enclosed by the
. 2 2
Ix = 4ab 3 J 0
2
Sin28 Cos 0 d0
When y = r
1t
8 =2
y =O
8=0
ellipse wh9se equation is 2 + fz = 1 also
determine the radius :Of gyration. Using Wallis Formula:
I _ 4ab3(1}(1)
y x- 4(2) •2
Ix = 2 r2 Sin20"../ r2 - r2 Sin28 rCos 8 d0 lx =-4
-
1tab3
0 -- f64(3)"
ky - "15(4)(4)
Ix = 2 r2 Sin2e--./ r2 Cos28 rCos 6 d8
. .
Ix = 2
0
r4 Sin28 Cos28 d8
x
ky =1f
0
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184
Solution: 2 3 8 3
WUI WMI Ii.;, = ; + 2(8)(2.5)2 + l + 8(2){2.5)2
Ix = 8( )3. [4 )3 + 4(4){4)2]
A rectangle is 3 in. by 6 in.Determine the polar IXo = 290.67 in4
Determine the moment of inertia with respect
to the y-axis of the s.haded parabolic area moment of inertia and the radius of gyration Ix = 1088 in4
shown. with respect to a 'polar axis through one
comer.
=
ly 1088 in4
J= Ix +
Solution: J :: 108 + 1088 · Detennine the moment of inertia of the area
. 3 y
3 5
Ix = ( lJ l = 216 J = 2176 shown with respect to the centroidal axes.
- 6(3)3 =54
Iy - 3
k ::
'1 2176
(8)2. (4)2
J = Ix + k =6.73
a J"= 216 + 54
J = 270 in4 2.8
Solution: :......
ly = r x2 dA k="
_·mo
3(6) *#I 12
L3
13.S
ly = r
o
x2 x112
k112
a . dx Solution:
A 1=12{1) = 12
ly = k 12 f xsri dx A hollow square cross section consists of an 8
i .x 8in.square from which is subtracted a
n
A2=12(1) = 12
. 0
-concentricelly placed square 4 in_ by 4in.Find Aa = 6(1) =6
. 1 2x112]a \, the polar moment of inertia and the polar A = 30
ly = it112-7- 0 radius of gyration with respect to a z axis
passing through one of the outside comers.·
2 a712 Ay =A1Y1 + A2Y2 + AaY3
ly=7 k112 30y ::12(0.5) + 12(7) + 6(13.5)
y
8 y = 5.7 .
a =kb2
a
k = b2 Solution:
A1= 2(8) =16
!Xo = ft
12
+ 12(1)(5.2) 2 + (gl
1 3
+ 1(12)(1.3)2
A2 = 2(8) :i 16 6 3
+ ) +6(1)(7.8)2
A =/?.1 + A2
A=32 IXo = 855.3 in4
Yo 48
A trapezoid is shown in the figure.
ly0 = 0.018 b4
6 An equilateral triangle has .its base "b"
x
horizontal.
llllmmIfllEllll. 1- lfl•UTll•
@ Radius of gyration
Cos e =
5
3 Wfli
k= .hi.
CQs 0 = 1 0 The cross section shown in the figure is a The built up section is composed·of two 8x6x1
structural member known as a z-section. inch angles riveted to a 12 x 1in web plate.
5...{3a4{2) L.!!i.
k= 5-10 . Yo
© Detennine the cross sectional area of the
16(3).../3a2 h, =6 bunt upsection. ·
k = 0.456a @ Determine the· centroid of the built up
15Sin 9 -= h1 + hi section from the bottom of the section.
1§5{11.=. 6.+ h2 @ Compute the moment of inertia with
respect to the centroidal x-axis.
h2=6 .
Properties of 8x6x1angle
A.10 in.by 15 in.rectangle is shown which is · .- 10 A ::13 in2 lx0 = 38.8 in4
inclined at an angle e = Sin 1 . Sm 9=b X ::2.56 ly0 = 80.8 in4
4 10 y = 1.65
5=1)
© Compute the centroid of the triangle from b= 12.5
the x-x axis. · <D Compute the cross sectional area.
® Compute the moment of inertia of the
rectangle about the x-axis. A1 = 6( 1 _-s) 37.5
= ® Compute the.centroidal moment of inertia
lxo·
@ Compute the radius of gyration of the
rectangle about the x-axis. =
A2 12.5(6) ".' 75 · @ .compute the centroidal moment of inertia
5 Iyo·
A3 = S(- )= 37.5
Solution:
A= A1 + A2+ A3 <D Area of the z-section
. A= 37.5 + 75.+ 37.5 = 150 (chec'k) A = 3.5(0.75)(2) + 4.5(0.75)
A=8.625in2
A'/ =A1Y1.+ f4.2Y2 +- A3'fJ
150Y = 37.5(8) + 75(3) + 37. - 2) ® Centroidal moment of inertia.(Xo
y =3 . 3 [ 3
Solution:
- j0.75)(4.5) + 3.5(0.75) © Cross sectional area
IXo - . 12 12
® Moment of inertia about 1he x-axis A = 2(13) + 12(1)
-. 75(8.)2 + 12.5(6)3 A = 38 in2
- +3 . 3 . + 3.5(0.75)(2.625)2]2
12.5(6)3 l fo = 42.11 in4 ® Centroid from the bottom ·
- 12
A1= 2(13) = 26
11=3600 in4 @ Centroidal moment of inertia ly
Y1 ::10.35
=
r
0
@ Radius of gyration A2 = 12(1) 12
. 3
3
I _ 4.5(0.75) +. 0.75(3.
12 5) 3 Y2=6
Solution;
© Centroid of the triangle with respect to
k = fi Yo -
12
+ 3.5(0.75)(1.375)2]2 AY ::A1Y1+ A2.Y2
·x-axis
SinO =
k =K
k =4.899in
ly0 = 15•44 in4
Ya
I
Deteimine the distance "d• at which the two 3 '
Two 12 in. 20.7 lb channefs a·re latticed
together to form the section shown in the
in.·by 8 in. rectangles shown in the figure
should be spaced so that IXo = ly0 • · YJ ;· , rr#--A\--Xa
Y
figure.Determine how far apart the channels
should be placed so as to make IXo equal to ly0
Yo x I <D Compute the area of the composite
II
for the section.Neglect the lattice bars which 6 section.
areindicated by the dashed lines. ® Compute the moment of inertia 'ir.o·
@ Compute the moment of inertia.ly •
Prop of 12in. 20.7 lb channel 0
1
3
[8t+ 8(3) ( + 1.5r 2= (2)
S/16
y
18+ 24( 1.5r =128 Solution:
5 3
18"
Prop.·of 12 in. 20.7 lb. channel
y
W1ml ® Centroidal moment of inertia at the y-axis
12(1)3
Four :z-bars each having the size and ly0 =
A =6.03in2 . propertles as shown are riveted to a 12 by 1in. 12 4+ [4.1+8.63(3.5)]4
ly = 592in
I
plate to form the section shown.
Ix = 128.1in4 "' I . 0
x- 1--% © Compute the centroidal moment ofinertia @ Radius of gyrationwith respect to y-axis
ly = 3.9in 4
. with respect to the x-axis.
® Compute the centroidal moment ofinertia
A = 8.63(4) + 12(1) = 46.52 in2
I=
Xo 12
;[16(2·25)
12
3
+ 16(2.25)(6.375)2 12 A.10 In.15.3 lb.channelis welded to the top of
a 14 WF 34 beam as shown. The wide flange
12" beam has an overallheight of 14 in. an area of
+ [11.6 + 11(6.2)214
10in2 and Ix of 339.2 in4 •
IXo = 7682 in4
© Compute the value or .y.
@ Compute the moment ofinertia o· ® Compute the moment ofinertia about the
centroidal x-axis. ·
1' = 225(16)3 (2) + 14(1}3+ [69.6+11(3.55)2)4 @ Compute· the section modulus of the
Yo 12 12 ' 4.7 ' 4.7 · composite section.
ly = 3021 in4 16
0
Solution: Prop. of 10 in 15.3 lb channel
© Ceritroidal moment of inertia IXo A = 4.47 in 2 X = 0.64
Ix = 66.9 in4 ·iw = 0.24 in.
IXo = [16 g) 3
16(1)(6,5)2]2 + 128.1(2)
ly = 2.3 in4
llllEITI IF llEllll.
11111111111• 1n1nu
Ix = 66.9 in4
ly = 2.3 in4 x-
Mili.t!t!l!Llll!lELtittJI
Solution: x =0.64
© Value of Y ,,
I Product of inertia is expressed as
A1 = 4.47 in2 tw = 0.24 in.
A2 = 10 in2 Pxy= fxy dA.
f\Y = A1Y1 + A2Y2
A =A1 +- A2 8.94Y = 4.47(5) + 4.47(9.6)
A = 4.47 + 10 This is usually used in computations for
Y =7.30 in.
A = 14.47 in2 0.24 maximum and minimum values of moments of
® Moment of inertia at the centroidal x-axis inertia, usually for unsymmetrical bending of
AY = A1Y1 + A2Y2
14.47Y = 4.47(13.6) + 10(7)
I
.Fig."A"
@ Section modulus
I
S- c -- "I ';I
s = 476.06 jY
9.04 !
---::t-
-'-- x
S = 52.66 in3
Wj ftj .
@ Value of Y for arrangement B
A1.= 4.47 in2 f
P">' = xy A
A2 =4.47 in2
Two 10 in. 15.3 lb. 'channels are welded Y1 =5 in. y
together as shown. Y2 =10.64 in.
· © Compute the value of y for arrangemer:it
Fig."B" @·····: ...........:t---©
"A". Solution: A =A1 + A2 +y[ i+y
@ Compute the moment of inertia at the © Value of Y for arrangement "A" A =8.94 in2 -+'----t----+i x
centroidal x-axis for arrangement "A".
A1 = 4.47 ln2 -Y i ;-:)'
@ Compute the value of y for arrangement
Ay = A 1y1 + A2Y2
"B". A2 = 4.47 in2
8.94y =4.47{5) + 4.4.7(10.64) ©--···;;·········-··+ ···®
© Compute the moment of inertia at the Y1 = S in.
centroidal x-axis for arrangement "B". Y2 =9.6 in.
Y = 7.82 in.
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1-.srrsIf 1•11111.
1..-.s••11111 •
x
Pxy =-Pxy + Ax y
Example O: Product ofinertia of the shaded x =2
section.
y
y= y
dA = x dy
b;2 =Pxy + 0)0)
4 - b2h2 b2h2
Y Yo Pxy = 24- 1a
- 31>2h2 - 4bW
·····- ·-·····-- Pxy = 72
!Y - b2h2
; Xo Pxy = -72
iy
-01 --------------------- x
P-,:y= xy A.
Pxy=Pxy +AXy
x =+2 y= +3 A= 4(6) = 24 Determine the product of inertia of the z
section with respect to the centroidal x and y
Pry= xy A pxy = product of inertia with respectlo axis.
centroidal axes Xo and Yo Yo
Pxy =2(3)(24)
pxy = 144 in4
0.75
2
'Z.• Product of inertia wiith respect to the
2
centroidal axes
y
2.625
Pxy= xy A .--
x=O y=4 A = 4{8) = 32 j
I -2.625
Pxy = 0(4)(32) © With respect to the x and y axes. I 2.75 .
I
---i
Pxr=O @ With respect toits centroidalaxes. ":I I ,......+._. _, X() llj]l·-Jo.1:;
Therefore, the pro.duct of inertia is ·zero with
Solution: I h/3i
I
Pxy = xy A
© Product of inertia With respect to the x and
respect to axis of symmetry. 1 ,1
'-+o _
--+-- x Pxv = - 1.75(2.625)(2.75)(0.75) + 1.75(- 2.625)
y axes
,_b/J b
(2.75)(0.75) + 0(0)(6)(0,75)
Pxy = JxydA Visit For more Pdf's Books Pxy = -18.9 in4
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Il•Em IfllllTIA.
Pxy =
1 tt
3
f (3) [9 + ] :::.435;70 in4
• Equation of line 2:
i
455._625 = pxy + (3)(9)(2)(3) + (6)(9)(5)(3)
Pxy =- 30.375 in•
Pxy2.= f xe Ye dA
LY
3-x
3
x
Note: Xe = 2
x = 9y
W.f!l:I Problem: · . ,,·:·
..·· Wik»
Ye = Y Xe ::: 2. . Ye = Y Detennine the product of inertia of the quarter
dA= x dy dA = (X1 - X2)dy circular area shown in the figure with respect Use the result of Prob.298 to determine the
to the x and y axes.
l
Pxy2 = (y)(x dy)
0
Pxy = f Xe Ye dA J
product of inertia of the shaded area described
in the fig'ure with respect to the given x and y
axes.
=1
- 19 x y dy 2
pxy = cl ;X2)y (X1 - X2) dy.
P
xy2 2. 0 .
!..:.
Pxy =1 J9
2
(x12 - xl)Y dy
y -9 0 .
6
x =9 y
.. Pxy = f:[(9- y) - 0y) 1y dy
2 r
Pxy2 = f: oy )\ dy
Pxy = 2 O
1f9 ( 2
8 12y + 3681y - 981y
1-
2) y dy. . Solution:
J
-1. 36
pxy2 - 2 81
[y ] .4 O
9
J 9
Pxy = 21 O (81 - 12y + 27y2. )y dy
81
Pxy =
x
r
Q
xydA
T
Solution:
x
6'l :
\
'•
UV
Solution:
<!l Angle which locates the axis of max.
Mtj Problem: _,;
moment of inertia. ·
I
=
For a certain area, itis known that Ix 60 in4 •
Using Mohrs circle: =
ly = 20 in4 and Pxy 0. Find the moment of
p inertia of this area with respect to a U-axis
whichis rotated 30' counterclockwise frcm the
x-axis.
80
.,.....
'
, .
-- ......... p
/
2R + 216 = 864 .. ........
, ---:-
EvJ R = 324
I
• •'
I
I p:ry;:J5
I ''
I
'
A rectangle has a base width of 6 in. and a Plot thP angle double that of 30" = 2(30) I,,,;,,.
height of 12 in. as shown. The U and V axes = 60" from the horizontal axis.
are inclined 30· to x and y axes'fespectively.
Puv = R Sin 60" v
v y
Puv = 324 Sin 60"
Puv = 280.6 in4 Maz.1
Mii , I I '
Ml
j
A certain area has the following properties. A certain area is found to have the following A certain area has the following properties. A rectangular section has a moment of inertia
Ix =40 in4, ly= 100 in4 and Pxy= 40 in4 •
values with respect to x and y axes. = =
lx 40 x 106 mm4, ly 100 x 106 mm4, Ix = 300x 106 mm4,ly= 80 x 106 mm4 about
lx = 120 x 106 mm4 Pxy ::.40 x 106 nim4. Area = 8000 mm2 its principal axis.
GJ Determine the angle that ttie axis of ly = 80 x 106 mm4
maximum moment of inertia makes with Pxy = 20 x 10S.mm4 <D Which of the following gives the maximum _v
the x-axis. moment of inertia.
@ Determine the max. moment of inertia. <D Which of the following gives the value of ® Which of the following gives the minimum
@ Determine the min.moment ofInertia. the maximum moment of inertia. moment of inertia.
® Which of the following gives the value of · @ Which of the following ·gives the min.
p
1=100
the minimum moment of inertia. radius of gtioo.
80
,.,,---- --- the principal axes relative lo the x-axis. Solution:
<D .Maximum moment ofinertia
,
I Solution:
<D Value of maximum moment of inertia: l...=100
'' P,,, loo+40/2a70
l,..=120
l20+8012=I00
l· <D Which of the following gives the max.
"""· shearing stress about an axisinclined 45·
1,,.;n. counterclockwise which passes through
v the centroid.
Mu.I ® Which of the following gives the moment of
inertia of the section about an axis indined
Solution:· 45' counterclockwise which passes
(!) Angle that the axis of max. moment of
through the centroid.
inertia makes with the x-axis /MIU. @ Which of the following gives the minimum
40 . Using Mohrs Cir'cle:·. radius of gyration if it has an area of
tan20-- 30 9000mm2
2x = 120- 80 2x= 100-40
20 = 53.13° x =20 x =30
f<2 = (30}2 + (40)2 Solution:
· R2 ;: (20)2 + (20)2
e =26.57' R 2828 ·R =50 ct Max. shearing stress
@ Max. moment of inertia lmax = 70+ 50 ·
I,,
lmax = 40 + 30 + R lmax = 100 + 28.28 lmax = 120 x 106 mm4·
4
lmax = 126.28 x 106 mm
R2 =(30)2 + (40)2 • ly
·® Minimum moment ofinertia
R = 50 80x 10
® Value of the minimum moment lmin =70- 50 -
lmax = 40 +'30 + 50 lmin = 100 - 28.28 lmin = 20 x 106 mm4
lmax = 120 in4 lmin::; 71.72 x 106 mm4
. M!nimum radius of gyration
@ Min.moment of inertia @ Position of the principal axes
. 20
lmin = 40 + 30 • R r=
lmin = 40 + 30 - 50 tan 29 = Ix =300 x 106
20 .. /,.2...0_x10"!:" -
Im=20 in4 20 = 45°
9 = 22.5· {dockwise from the x-axis) rmin = V 8000 0 = 45'
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rm;n = 50 mm 20 =90'
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1-.s•mml
!!:!y Solution:
R= 2 <D Moment of inertia with respect to u-axis Solution:
<D Moment of inertia with respect to u-axis
Mkj Problem: ·;: .
R ={300 80} x!o6 2 0 = 2 (30) = 60' I _ 150(300)3
x- 12 The figure shows the cross section of a
2R = 80 - 40 standard L 100 x 80 x 10 mm structural steel,
R = 110x 106 .
R Ix = 337.5x 106 mm4 unequal angle section.
, =20
® Moment of inertia about an axis inclined x = 20 Cos 60' I _ 300(150)3
45· counterclockwise throughthe centroid y- 12
x = 10
lv = 80 x 106 + 110 x 106 lu= 60 + x
ly = 84.4 x 106 mm4
Pxy =O
Iv = 190 x 106 mm4 fu =60 + 10
6 4 Using Mohrs Circle:
lu = 70 x 10
@ Min.radiusof gyrafion (plot uv at an angle double that tA .;o·) '
mm
--le.a. ----%
- ® Moment of inertia with respect to V axis e =30'
rm;n = 'J- lv = {60 - 10) x 106 20 = 60'
80 x 106 lv = 50 x10 l
rmin = 9000 @ Max. shearing stress:
rmin= 94.28 mm S5= 20 x 106mm4
IllOflEm IF lllllTll.
,
l..mw111E1111l
A1 = 100(10) = 1000
Probli!!ft; :; :" ly = 20030)3 + 30(11 J)3 + 130(30)(95)2
A2 = 70(10) = 700
A = 1700 For the region shown inthe figure: ly = 42.49 x 1a6
1
Ax =A1 x1+ A2 x2 lxy = 30(200)(15)(100) + 30(130)(95)(1.5)
30mm
t700x = 1000(5) + 700(45) lxy = 14.56 x 106
x = 21.5
- 2 .
Ay = A1 Y1 + A2 Y2 Ix' + Ad = Ix
1700y = 1000(50) + 700(5)
- 2
y = 31.5 Ix' = Ix - Ad
i-- -Jx=1673
A = 30(200) +30(130}
J ·R2 = (360)2 +3 (741)2 A =9900
R = 824 x 10 -'--+"""'--"""""' ""'"--"" 30mm
........-X
' I= 81.17 x 10s - 9000(66.52)2
3
I lmax = 953 x 103.+ 360 x 103 + 824 x 10 x
6 4
' © Calculate the principal moment of inertia, if = 37.36 x 10 mm
I lmax = 2137 x 103 mm4 it has its centroid x = 46.52 mm and
1 ® Minimum moment of inertia y =66.52mm.
@·Calculate the principal direc;\:ons.
- 2
ly + Ad = ly
- -:-1----
' --l--x
26.5 lmin = 953 x 103 + 360 x 103 - 824 x 10
3 @ Calculate the moment of inertia about the 6
= 42.49 x 10 - 9900(46.52) 2
, _ _ __....,.._7J lmin = 489 x 103 mm 4 uv-axes which makes an angle of so·with
the horizontal at its centroid at C.
6 4
Iy = 21.07 x 10 mm
,·:. ii- _l· © Calculate the product ofinertia about the
@ Angle of inclination of the principal axis
measured from the horizontal axis
uv-axes. '
Solution:
© Principal moment ofinertia
y y
'\ 3G mm
lxy = 100(10)(-16.5)(18.5)
+ 70(10)(23.5)(- 26.5)
lxy =- 741 x 103 mm4
Ix = 1ogoi3 + 700(26.5)2
. 3 R2 = (8.145) 2 + (16.08}2
10 R = 18.03
+ ( 0) + 1000(18.5)2
2
Sin 0 = 00
Pnncipal direction is 31.6. measured X.
2 counter clockwise from the centroidal 4 200
x-axis (always rementer that angles on the 5= -x
circle are twice Ifie angles between axis x= 250 ·
measured in the same direction.
y= 250 0
@ Moment ofinertia with respect to u-axes:
1u = 29.215 + 18.03 Cos 36.8. · y=
lu = 43.65 x 106 (moment of inertia with y= 150
respect to u-axis)
12 = 29.215 -18.03 4 h
12 = 11.185 x 106 mm4 Moment ofinertia with resi)ect to v-axis © Moment of inertia Ix
s =150
(principal moment of inertia) Iv = 29.215 - 18.03 cos 36.s· h = 120
Ix = 00( 00) -1800 x 106 mm4 A right triangle has a base of 8 in.and an
' >t':'S
Y Yo
JC
© Which.of the following
200 gives the moment of
inertia about the x-axis. h=l20
® Which of the following gives the moment of
intirtia about the y-axis. 0=Sin·• 4/S
@ Which of trie fo!lowing gives the moment of
·
I-.1F11E1111•
Solution:
@ Max. moment ofinertia 1 - !i(0.75)3 [0.75{2.75)3 + 0 751? 75)
Yo - 12 + 12 . ·-·
- 8(9)3 For an 8 x 6 x 1 in. angle.it is known that
IXo - 36 4 4 4 The z-section has the iol!owing dimensions as
Ix = 38.8in, ly = 80.8in and Pxy=-32.3 in. shown in the figure.Pxy = - 18.9 ir.4 . (1.75)2]2
IXo = 162 in4 Area = 13in2• Yo
·- @ Compute the max.ITIOOlent ofinertia.
'
0- 36 - • 4
@ Compute the min.moment of inertia. Pxy = - 11!:9 rn
ly0 = 128in 4
@ Compute the min.radius of gyration.
- b2h2 p
Pxy = -72 6..
1,. 38.8
-Pxy --- 72 ...----........ , J/4..
,.., . •1.40
rmin = N-1.28·1n
(2:625)2]2
rmin =
ft '
at2
@ S = V0t + 2
V = dS
di
Dynamics is the branch of mechanics dt _ dS dS = V.dt
which deals with the study of bodies inmotion: -v
dt'= dV
a
f 0
r
SdS= V eit
0
J s dS= f {vo + aGdt
On a certain stretch of track, trains run at
dS dV
a 60 kph. How far back of a stopped train should
v= a warning torpedo be placed to signal-an on
6) VdV =-a dS coming train? Assume that the brakes are
applied at once and retard the train at the
0 Kinematics - is used to define motion of a uniform rate of 2 ft. per sec?
particle or body without consideration of
-
the forces causing the motion. ft 0 0
essentially deals with relation between
O A particle acted upon by a balanced force e V2= V 20+2as
displacement -(S), velocity (V), and
acceleration {a). system has no acceleration. V dV = a dS
0 V = V0 + at
S =displacement dV
a =dt 0 V = V0 + at A stone is thrown vertically upward and returns
0 V = dS (velocity=time rate of change dV -= a dt at2 to earth in 10 sec. -
di e S= VJ +T
dV
of displacement)
f V0
V dV "' at di
0 40 V2 = V02 + 2aS
@ What was itsinitial velocity?
® How high did itgo?
0 a = -- (acceleration = rate of change @ At wh!time did it travel until it reaches the
dt highest point?
V - V0= at
of velocity)
llDml
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:ill
f 1 V2=V0 + gt S 12
: : V2 = 0 + 32.2(2) =2gt
l i - 49.05
t - 9.81
!\ It
t = 5 sec.
V2 =·64.4 fps .(vel. of ball downward)
t1:;:· , g
S= 80 -64.4
s·= 15.6 ft.
2 2
s = 330
s t2 •
V2 = V1 - 2gS =
t2 330
A ball is dropped from the top of a tower 80 ft. V22 .;(40)2 - 2(32...2)(15.6)
Solution: high at the same instant that a second ball is V2 = 24..4 fps (vel.or ball upward)
Substitute in eq. 0:
© Initial·velocity thrown upward from the ground with an initial
Relative velocity: - f2s s
V2 = V1- Qt1
o = V1 - gt1
velocity of 40 fps.
© When do they pass each other. v = 64.4 -24.4 -9.Si1+ 330 -v =5
_ Yi ® Where dothey passeachother. V =40 fps
t1- @· Withwhat relative.velocity will they pass.
0.452 5112 + 3 -5::0
g
V22 = V12 - 2gh s + 149 s112 -1650 = 0
O = V12 - 2gh. WIVI Problem: : .,. 4,. ·
1 2
h = 2Qt2 let y = s112
·A ball isdropped down a well and 5 seconds y2 =s
Y1.
h ;;:: 2g
later the sound of the splashis heard. If the y2 +·149 y -1650 = o·
veloclty of woundis 330 m/sec.,
--149 + .../.(-149)2 4 (1) (-16_50_)
t = t1 + t2 © What is the depth of the well? y- 2
® What is the time for the ball to reach the
y = 10.35
water surface?
l2 = @ What Is the time for the sound to travel the
Solution: distance equal to the depth of th e well. s112::10.35
·-vf-2gh "
•
10 = Y9t +-
<il When the two balls pass each
S = 107.2m .
T2VT
1
S =V1t-2gt2 .
10 =Yi+ -
g -V 2Q9
321
80 -h1 :;4ot--2-t2 I ® Trme for the ball to reach the water surface
10 = Yt+Yi
g 9 80 - (32.2)t2=40t -
32
t2 l1 ::
-'!f29S.
10 = 9.81 4ot =80
2(107.2)
t =2sec. 9.81
V1 =49.05m/s
Solution:
WV:I SubsUtule equation 0 inequation @:
300 - 4.905t2 = 75 (t-2) - 4.905 (t2-4t+4) © Time the stones be at the same level
A stone is dropped from a balloon al an 300 - 4.90512 = 751- 150 - 4.905t2 t = lime the first stone travelled
elevation of 300 m. Two seconds later another + 19.621 - 19.62 t - 1= time the second stone travelled until
stone is projected ·vertically upward from the 469.62 = 94.62 t the stones areat the same level
ground with a velocity of 75 m/sec.
t = 4.963 sec.
(i)When will the stones pass each other'? s= 15 t -(9.81) t2
® Where will the stones pass each other @ Distance the stones pass each other from s= 15t - 4.905 t2 0
from the ground? the ground
· ® Compute the time
from the ground traveled
until byeach
they pass the stone
other. s = 4.90? (4.963)2 s = 30 (t -1) - (9.81)(t - 1)2 e .Solution:
-n:=--e.:CL
-=--
=
- -=-- _--- @
S = 120.6 m from the balloon
.300 - S = 179.2 m. from the ground
v2 2 = v1i.2 gs
34.905 = 24.81t
- o t2 = 4.963·- 2 t = 1.4 sec. 0 = (60)2 - 2 {9.-81) s
V2 =V1·- gt1
s = 15 (1.4)- 4.905 (1.4)2
0 = 60 - 9._81 t1
S = 11.4 m. from the ground
A stone is thrown upward from the ground with ti = 6.1sec.
a velocity of 15 m/sec. One second later ® Time the second stone traveled untilthe
another stone is thrown vertically upwardwith stones are at the same level S2 = 183.5 - 120 = f:l3.5 m.
·Solution: a velocity of 30 m/sec. t2 = 1.4 - 1 1 2
S2 = 2gtz
©· Time the stones will pass each other © When will the stones be at the same level? t2 = 0.4 sec.
t = time travelled by the stone from- the 1
® How far above the ground will the stones 63.5 = 2(9.81) t2 2
balloon -until the tones pai:s each be at the same level?
other. ® Determine the time the second stone t2 = 3.6. sec.
t - 2 = time travelled by the stone from the traveled until the stones are at the same
le vel. @ Tme that the second ball has traveled in
ground until they pass each other. ·
S = d_istance travelled bY, the stone from
balloon
.--.0----.0. ---
. ..
A ball is shot vertically into the air at a velocity
of 60 m/sec. After 4 sec., another ball is shot
.vertically into the air.
order to meet the first ball 120 tn. from tl)e
ground
= =
t1 + t2 6.1+ 3.6 9.7 seconds
300 - S = distance travelled by th stone
from ¥1e ground
T ttlSWs it s © Determine the time that the first ball has
traveled in order to meet the second ball
the ground. @
tJ = (t1 + tz) - 4 = 5.7 seconds
Initial velocity of the second ball in order.to
120 m. from
1 2
S = V0t ± zgt i: i 30 ® Determine the time that the second ball meet e first ball 120 m. from the ground
0
has traveled inorder to meet the first ball 1
1 S3 = V3 l3-2gt3 2
s::2g12 120 m. from the ground. .
@ What initial velocity must the second ball
120 = v (5.7)-- 4.905 (5.7)2
S = 4.905 t2 0 have in order to meet le first ball 120 m.
fromthe ground? · V3 = 49 mlsec.
300-S = 75(1-2) - 9.81)(t - 2)2
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wa SrS4 = 18
(12V1 • 72a) • (11V1- 60.5a) = 18
® Distance car A has traveled
SA = 25 (7) =175 m.
A stone is.thrown vertically up from the ground A ship beinglaunched slides down the ways . V1-11.5a =18
with a velocity of 90 mlsec. How long must one with a constant acceleration. She takes V1 - 9.5a =24 @ Distance car B has traveled
wait before dropping a second stone from the 4 seconds to slide the first meter. Howlong will -2a = - 6 Ss = 25 (7) - 1.5 (7)2 = 101.5 m.
top of a tower 180 m.high if the two stonesare she take to slide down the ways if theirlength a = 3'mls2 decelerating (acceleration)
to pass each other 60 m. from the top of the is900m?
tower?
Solution: 'V1· 11.5(3) = 18
V1 = 52.5 fps (initial velocity)
s - v t +.!at2 An automobile moving at a constant velocity of
60m - 0 2
1 15 m/sec. passes a gasoline station. Two
.,-·. -, _ . : . ._._ ., . . :
1 O mis S = V t +.!at2
0 2 when the brakes re applied to car B,causing overtake the first'?
11 tt to decelerate at a constant rate of 3 mfsec2. Compute the distance traveled by the first
900 = o + @
2 ,8lt2 car.
t-= 120 sec. © In what time 'MR A overtake B? @ Compute the distance traveled by the
@ Distance traveled by the first car Solution: 327-A ® Position of the upper drop:
s = 15t1 Problem:
t, = 2 + t2 V2 = V1 +at Since one drop faffs evety fifth of a
t1 = 2 + 16.7 = 18.7 sec. V2= 0 + 2(5) Water drops from a faucet at the rate of 5 seconds (0.2 sec), the upper drop falls for
s:: 15(18.7) = 280.5 m. V2 =10 fps drops per second. a time
= 0.306: 0.20 = 0.106 sec.
@ Distance traveled by the second car
1 2 h2= gt-}
. s = tl S =V1t + 2at
S = (16.7)2 = 278.69 m. h2 = (9.81)(0.106) 2
s = 0 +2(12)(5)2
h2, =0.055 m. = 55 mm
S =25 ft.
ptU . "- @ Distance between two drops:
1 S= h1 -112
A balloon rises from the ground with a S1 = V2l2 +2atz2
constant acceleration of 4 fps 2 • Five secoods s= 0.459- 0.055
. 1 S= 0.404m.
later,a stone is thrown vertically up froll) the 2
S1 =1%+2_(2)t2 S= 404 mm
launching site. Whal must be the minimum
initial velocity of the stone for it to just touch S1= 10!2 + tz2
the balloon? Note that the balloon and stone
tv Which of the following gives the position of 327-8 Problem:
have the same velocity at contact. · 1
S2 = V1l2 -2 gtl the lower drop if it has attained a velocity
of 3 mis. A car is traveling at the speed V0 on a straight,
1 2
25 + S1 =V1 2 -2(32.2)l2 Cl> Whichof the following gives the position of level road. After the brakes are applied at
2 the upper drop if the lower drop has t = 0, the motion can be approximated by
25 + 1012 + t22 = V1t2 - 16.12
attained a velocity of 3 mis.
V3 = V2 + at2 @ Which of the following gives the distance
x = 1 - f2. + 17t where x is the distance
V3 = 10 + 212 between two consecutive drops after the traveled in meters and tis the.lime in seconds.
V2= V1 - gt2 lower drop attains a velocity of 3 mis.
<J) Which of the folloWing gives the value of
V2 = V1 - 32.212
. a==4 fps Vo.
Solution ® Which of the following gives the distance
V3 = V2 required for the car to stop.
<D Position of the lower drop:
10 + 2t2 = V1 - 32.2 @ Which of the following ·gives the max.
V= V0+ g t1 acceleration duringbraking.
V 1 = 10 + 34.212
2 3= 0 + 9.81t1
25 + 2ot2 + t22 = V1l2 -16.12 Solution:
2
25 + 2012 + t2 = (10 + 34.2)12 - 16.112: t= 0.306sec.
G> Value of velocity V0:
25 + 20t2 + 122 = 101.2 + 34.2tz2 -16.1tz2 f3
25 = 17.1tl h1 = gt12 x= - t2 + 17 t
100
t2 = 1.21 sec. dx 3 {2
h1 = t(S.81)(0.306) 2 dt =100 - 2 1+ 17
V1= 1q + 34.212 h1 = 0.459 m. 3 t2
V0 =100 - 21+ 17
V 1 = 10 + 34.2(1.21) h1 = 459 mm
V1 = 51.38 fps when t= 0
V0 = 17mis
- !PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
.. !PRINCIPLESOF DYNAMICS I
Solution:
70 kin 1000 m · ..1..fil_ = 19 44 mr
hr x km 3600 s · s
Distance from wan upon perception:
I
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- 50(5280)
V1- 3600(3.28)
V 1 = 22.36 mis From 2nd to 3rd post:
oo <D Which of the following gives the velocity of
2
the stone after 3 seconds.
a =·0.167 mls Visit For more Pdf's Books
S1 = V1 t S =V t + a t2
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Which' of the following gives the lime
.Q)
S1 = 22.36(3) V2= V1 ±a t required for the stone to attaina downward
. 1 2
S1 = 67.08 m. V2 = 23.61- 0.167(30) 360 = V2 (6) +2{a)(6) velocity of 15 m/s.
V2= 18.6 mis @ How far the stone was from the ground
v 2 = V12 - 2as2
(0)22= (22.36)2 • 2(6) S2 V22 = V12 - 2 aS 360'= 6V2 + 18a after long
© How 4 seconds.
did it take the stone to hit the
V2 =60 - 3a
(18.6)2 = (23.61f - 2(0.167) s ground.
S2=41.66 m. S = 633.15 m.
.Solution Q> Velocity of car when aches poirit O: <D Highest point reached by the ball:
<D Velocity of the stone after 3sec =
V22 V12 + 2aS V22 = V12 2g h
V = V0 + a t' 36000)2 0 = (3)2.2(9.81) h
V22 =( 3600 + 2(0.859)(1000)
v = 6 + (-9.81)(3)
V = - 23.43 mis
the negative sign indicates that
the velocity.is downard
-----
3( ) kp h V = 42.64 mis
v - 42.64(3600)
h =0.459 m.
••
·downward velocity of 15mis .
t2 = 4. 0.31
V = V0 +a t
Problemi.,:r"." t2 = 3.69 sec.
-15 = 6 + (- 9.81)t ,
---..,..
l= 38 sec. automobile passed him.Knowing that 8 sec.
"' elapsed before the officer began pursuing the
wu 1 Mr
S = v1 t + 12 Ir.':'
--.
r,,..
1000 =
62a
°i°(38): (a)(3B) 2 ""
motorist. ·
The figure shows a train traveling at a constant
.. Determine the acceleration of the officel's
·
(!)
6 car.
0
uniform velocity of 75 kph and a car travelling ® Determine the distance the officer traveled
a = 0.859 m/s2 before overtaking the motorist.
at a speed of 36 kph towards point 0. Visit For more Pdf's Books
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(' ! r = !H 4 !li)1°(2}S1
I ><C (15) 5 5«:. 1.166t -5
104.94< - 7G
= 13.33St"
Two automobile A and B are approaching
· each other in adjacent highway lanes. At
t = 0 sec., A and. B are 1 km apart, their
S1 ='15.1.5li m t2 - 7.871- 5:62 = 0 speeds are VA:= 110 kph and V8 = 60 kphand
S2 = 40 (16} t = 7.08 sec. (time A and B pass each other) they are -alpoints P and Q respectively.
3.6 Knowing that A passes point a,40 sec. after B
was there and that B passes point P,42 sec.
)z -= G22..22 fll @ Acceleration of ear A after A was there,
26.67
Solution: aA :: . 5
total a1s1ance ihe officer had traveled © .Determine the acceleration of A.
Time cars A and B pass each other
1.166t -5
bek>re ovlfiaking the n1otcris1 (i) ·® Determine the time when they pass each
For car A: 26.67 other..
'\ 1 aA:: 5 @ Determine the speed of B when they pa·ss
2
S:: I 56 ..672.22 x = VAt + 2aAt 1.166(7.08) -5 each other.
r.. -;;. 7777gm 1 " aA = 3.593 rn/s2
90 = 0 + 2;,At< 0
V2A ::- V;. + CJAt @ Distance between A and B·when t ;,:; 0 sec.
\/ebci+J of 1he "11'lOOtist V2A = 0 ... aAt @
:4 4
IOOO m
s"' Yr d2 = Vs(5)
ili78z V(ci2) For car 8: d2 = 26.67(5)
d2 =133.35 m.
So/ut(on:
V :: 18.!if tll/S Vs = 96 kph
960:'11} © Acceleration of A
V8 =·3600·= 26.57 mis .V2e = V2A 1
v :: 18.51(3.6) V2A = aAt .
S =VA!+ 2aAt2
V2 6 = Ve - (t - 5)
Y'. .:: &HI kph. I
I
a ..t ·oaA
110 1
V2A = 3.593(7.08)
i 1000 = 3.6 (40) + 2aA{40)2
I
V 2"' == 26.67 - ··t +-5 V2A = i5.44 mis
aA = • 0.2778 rn/s2
.f Vz. := V2e G V28 = 25.44 mis
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@ Time when t'1ey pass each o\ht;;r Examp e:Wheri acceleration is expressed
S- = t3 + 3t .(1 + 3)
interms oftime·t. 4. 3 . 3
If a =
2t, S = 4 m. and V = 2 mis when =
3(S - 4} t3 + 3/ - 4
t = 1 c. 3S- 12 = t3 + 3t - 4
d.)
3S = t3 +·3t + 8
t} V =-ct- <D Find "a". 3S =(2)33{2) + 8
dV ® Find "S'. S= 7.33 m.
. @ Find "V'.
@ a = d'
dS dV Solution: @ V= t2+ 1
v =-a· © a= 2 t 1/= (2}2+ 1
@· a dS= \ldV a = 2(1) V= 5 m/s
Acceleration of B: a =2 m/s2 ·
1
S =V1st + 2a6t2
60 1
Example O: When displacement S !$g'v•.•
® a _- dV
dt •I =r··'·.··
_
1000 = (42) + 2 a8{42)2', terms of time t. If S = 41 + 313
a6 = 0.346mls2
3
© Find "S' after t = 2 sec.
@ Find "V' after t = 2 sec.
® Fi11d "a"after t = 2 sec.
r
w {!\I
v
f
= a dt
I
;; dt
t
The motion of ": particle is given by the
js f
2
I
v = 4.+ 36 . = V=dl
t " 20.8.9 sc dS V dt @ Velocity when t = 2 sec
V = 40 mis
t s= 2t4 _ f +2t2
·3 Spee{fof 8 whefl tey ,,ass e<¥:fi o{fier
V2r, .- v,B .... aet
® V = 4 + 9 t2
dV
f ds= f (t2+ 1) dt = dS
a = dt V 6
dt
4 1
312
'be!: + f.>a§(2G.S9) V = 8t3 -5+ 4t
a = 18 t
V2 11 13"77 m/s
v22 = as s2 kph'
a = 1892)
a = 36 m/s2
S-4 =
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+ tt
1 v = 8{2)3 -1¥ + 4(2)
V = 70 m/s
S-4 = [( + t) - G+ 1}]
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r
a = dt a = 2(4)
A particle moves ina straight lineaccording to t = 0, S = 0 and V = 3 m/s.
the law S = t3 - 40t where S is in m. and t in JV dV = a dl a = 8 mls2
seconds. © Determine the relation between S and t. 3 0
@ Determine!he relation between V and t. . V - 3 = at
© When t = 5 sec., compute the velocity.
@ Determine the relation between a and t.
@ Find the average velocity during !he fourth V = at + 3
second. t
Solution: -2+ 3-at-+3
@ When the particle again comeslo rest, The motion of a particle is defined !ly the
what is its acte1eralion? © Relation between S and t relation a = 4t, where a is iA m/s2 and t in
S = v2. 9 at = seconds. It is known that S = 1 m., and
Solution: V - dS ' V = 2 m/s when t 1 sec.
© Velocity when t = 5 sec. - dt a = ';;-
.
S = t3- 40t
V =dS
di
f05
dS = r
0
V dt
<D Determine the velocity when t = 1sec.
® Determinethe distance when t = 1sec.
@ Determinethe relation between V and S.
v = 3\2. 40 dV Solution:
v= a = rlt
3(5)2 - 40
V = 35 mis
"
® Average velocity during the fourth sec.
I3v dV = r
0
a dt.
The velocity of a particle moving along the x
axis is defined by V = x3- 4x2 + 6x where V is
in mis and x is in m. ·
© Velocity when t = 1sec.
a = 4t
dV
a = dt
When t = 4 sec. s = V2 - 9 © ·Compute the velocity when x = 2 m.
v = 3(4)2 •40
V =8 mls
dS dV
dt= 2Vdt ® Compute the acceleration when x = 2 m. f V dV =f a dt
2
When t = 3 sec. V = 2V a 1
·Solution:
1
v = 3(3)2 - 40 a =2 © Velocity when x = 2 m. v - 2 =f 4t dt
·1
V =- 13 m/s V = x3- 4x2 + 6x
13 + 8 · 1 dV dV
Ave.V =--- 2 - dt . V-,2= 4212]t1
2 a = dt
f 3v f0t 2
V =• 2.5 mis 1 dV =a dt V -2 = 2 (t2· 1)
- dV = - di
@ Acceleration when V = O V = dx V:o 2t2 - 2 + 2
1
v = 3t2-40 V- 3 = -t di V = 2 t2
dV
a = dt t
2 dx
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= V dt v = 2(1)
v --2 Pdfbooksforum.com Y = (3x3- Bx + 6) dx V = 2m/s
a =6t -+3 dt . dt
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<V Distance when t = 1sec. Solution: <D Compute the position S when t = 3 sec.
a = 4t <D Velocity when t = 2 sec. '2l Compute the velocity of the particle when
V = dS
a = 4t2 l= 3 sec.
f f
8
dS = V dt a=-
·dv ® Compute the acceleration of the particle
A car is traveling at the speed V0 on a straight,
level road. After the brakes are applied at
1
S - 1=2 [
1
t3]
3
dt
JV dV = r .
a dt
when t =3sec.
Solution:
t = 0, the motion can be approximated by
t3 2
x = 100 - t + 17t where x is the dist1:1nce
r
2 0
1 traveled in meters and t is the time in seconds.
© Distance S when t = 3 sec.
S-1 =(t3-1) 4t2 dt
V• 2= 0
3 dS _ V
2 2 dt -
s =3t3 -3+ 1 4t3 <D Which of the following gives the value of
Vo.
.v-2 =3 dS L'V?
zt3
S -
3 - +1 4t3+ 2
dt::2 -41+ 51-- <2l Which o( the following gives the distance
v requiredfor the car o stop.
Whent = 2 2 5(512 @ Which o( the following gives the max.
- -
35 =2t3+ 1 4
V - 2 (2)3
-3 . = 4t acceleration during braking.
=3 S 2t -2 + S(2) + C1
S _ illl_U
- 3
1
m.
V = 12.67 m/s When t = O S= 3 m. Solution:
@ Relation between V and S:, © Value of velocity V0:
3 = O +O +O + C1
V = 2t2 , ® Distancewhen t = 2 sec. x
.t3-- t2 + 17 t
. 2t3+ 1 dS C1= 3
S =3
-- dt _-V 100
s= 21-212 + 2Fl2 + 3
t = '1f
J: dS
f= 01( +
2)
dt
s=2(3) - 2(3)2 + 2(3)512 + 3
S = 22.2m.
dx 3 t2
di = 100 - 2 t + 17
3t2
.A ·,
v-
2V'Jl2
3
S- =
12
4t4
+ 2t
s- 4 = 3 + (2)(2)
Velocity of the particlewhen t = 3sec.
V =2 - 41 + St312
v ::2 -4(3) + 5(3)312
V0 = 100 - 2t + 17
When t = 0
V0 =17mis
3S = 'J/2 +1 , .s = 13.33m.
2 V = 15.98m/s for the car to stop:
VJfJ- @ Acceleration when t = 2 sec. · Distance required
3$-1 =
12 a =4t2 Acceleration when t = 3 sec.
3 t2 .
Vo =100 -2 t + 17
V312 = (3S - l12 a = 4(2)2
dV en V0 = 0
a = 16 mls2 dt= a 3t2·
V = 2 - 4t.+ St312
Mtj O= - 21+ 17
100
'3 t2 -200 t + 1700 = 0
The motion of a particle is governed by the
dV =-4 +t112
dt 2 xt = (t-
:: 10$ec. (10)2 + 17(10)
@ Velocity vector of the point at t = 3 sec. Q) Y-componeot position when t = 4 sec. 350-F Problem: @ Velocity at t = 6 sec.
Vx = t3 + 3 F= m a
Vx= (3)3+ 3 ay =4t 2 -2 The 6800 kg helicopter takes off from rest. Its ·
rotor exerts a constant vertical thrust of F = 160001-6800(9.81)
Vx= 30 4t3
V1='3t2-2 .88000 N. F = 16000\ -66708
Vy = -3·2t+ C1
Vy= 3(3)2-2 F = 16000(6)-66708
© What is the helicopters vertical
Vy= 25 acceleration?
Vz = 0 Whent =O, Vy = - 4, C1=-4 F = 29292 N
Q) How high does it rise in 2 seconds?
V = Vx i+ Vy j + Vz k· 4t 3 ' @ If the 6800 kg helicopter is at.rest at t ;;; O,
V = 30f + 25j
v = --2t- 4 F = ma
y 3 the pilot advances the throttle so that the
414 2t2 vertical thrust exerted by the helicopter 29292 = 6800a
y = -- --4t<+C2 rotor as a function of time T = 160001 in · a =·4.31 m/s2
350-E Problem: 12 2
(N), what is the helicopters velocity at t = 6
sec. V2 = V1+ a!
The acceleration components of an object in
mfs2 are ax = 2t, ay = 4t2 - 2 and az = - 6.. At ·v2= o +4.31(6)
t = 0,the position of the objectis r = 10j - 10k Solution: V2 = 25.85 mis
(m) and its velocity is V = 2i -4j (mis). When t=O, y= 10, C2 =10 6800k
t' 2 .
© Determine the x-component position when y = -·
t •t +10
t= 4 sec. 34 350-G Problem:
@ Determine the y-component p0silion when 4
y = ( ) -(4)2 - 4(4) + 10 The velocity of a 1220 kg missile is measured .·
t= 4 sec. 3
@ Determine the z-component position when y= 63.3 by radar from I = 0 to .t = 6 sec. and is
determined to be
t= 4 sec.
V = (320 ·+ 60t)i + (400 12!2)j (m/s).
Solution: . (j) ertical acceleration of the helicopter. © What is the velocity of the missile at I= 3
© X-component position when t = 4 sec. @ Z-component positi<;n when t = 4 sec. sec.
· 4F=ma Q) What isthe acceleration of the missile at
ax = 2t
.212 az= • 6 . 4F = 88000 -6800(9.81) t = 3 sec.
Vx :;:: 2 +C1 Vz= - 61+C1 ® What is the magnitude of the total force
4F= 21292 N acting on the missile
21292 = 6800a
When t=O, Vx =2 Whan t = 0, Vz = 0, C1 = 0 a= 3.13 mfs2 Solution:
C1 = 2 © Velocity of the missile alt = 3sec.
v.= - 6t v = (320 + 60t)i + (400-12t2Jj
vx = t2 +2
t3 . 6t2 @ Heightit travels in 2 seconds . v,= no + soi
x= - +2t+C2 z=- 2+C2 V2= V1 + a t v.= 320 + 60(3)
3 Vx= 500 mis
V2= 0 + 3.13(2)
When t = 0, z = - 10, C2 = - 10
Whent =O, x =O, C2 =O V2= 6.26 mis
. t3 z = - 3t2-10 Vy = 400 -1212
V:i2 = V12 + 2aS Vy= 400 - 12(3)2
x = -+ 2t z = - 3(4)2 - 10
33 (6.26)2= 0 + 2(3.13)S './y = 292 m/s
x::. (4l + 2(4) z= - 58 S :6.26 m. V2 = (SQQ)Z t (292)?
3 V = 579 mis
x = 29.3
<V Acceleration of the·missile at t = 3 sec. 350-1 Problem: @ Value of its velocity at t = 5sec.
Solution:
Vx = 320 + 60l © Tangen6al COflllOnent of the total force · The rocket starts from rest I = 0 and travels v = 2bl + 4ct3
ax =.60 m/s2 actin onthe boat. straight up. Its height above the ground can
be approximated by the function S = b12 + ct4 v = 2(10.125)(5) +4(0.006625)(5)3
Vy= 400 -12t2 cN where "b" and c·are coostants. At I= 10 sec, V = 104.56mis
at = -
the rockets velocity and acceleration are
a1= - 24t dt
V = 229 mis and a = 28.2 mfs2.
a1=0
a1= - 24(3)
F1=ma1 © Deten:nine the value of ·s·at t = 5 sec. @ Value of its acceleration at t = 5sec.
ay = - 72 m1s2 ® Determine ihe value of its velocity al
Fi= 1180(0) a =2b + 12ct2
t= 5sec.
Fi= O ® Determine the value of its acceleration at a.= 2(10.125) + 12(0.006625)(5)2
a2 = (ax)2 + (a1)2
t= 5 sec. a := 22.24·m1sz
;:;2;;; (60)2 + (- 72)2
dS =B + 2Ct+3012
dt 350-K Problem: <%> Velocity of the point at I = 3 sec.
® Max. deceleration:
V = B + 2Ct + 30t2
a
The acceleration of a point is = 2ot rrJs2• V = 10t2 -10
Max. deceleration occurs when Hle
When t.= 0,S = 40 m. and V = • 10 mis. v = 10(3)2-10 parachute first opens, when the velocity is
When V = 0 t = 0 V = BO mis the highest.
<D What is the position of the point at
O=B t = 3 sec? a(nlX = g-CV2
® What is the Ivelocity ot the po
n
i t at ® Acceleration of the point at I=3 sec.
t = 3 sec? amax = 9.81-0' 3924(30)2
176 = 48 + 16C + 640 What is the acceleration of the point at a= 20t
@ a,_= • 343.4 m/sZ (absolute value)
=
O 176 0 + 16C + 640 by & . t = 3 sec?
a = 20(3)
·2< g, = 32C + 3840 Solution: a = 6D m!s2
<D. Position of the point at t = 3sec.
a =20t 350-M Problem:
352 = 32C + 1280 ' 20!2
V =-2
- + C1 350- L Problem: An inertial navigation system measures the
96 =32C + 3640 acceleration of a vehicle from t = 0 to
V=10!2 +C1 A sky diver jumps from a helicopter and i t = 6 sec. and determineIt to be a = 2 + 0.1t
255= - 2560
' . falling straight down at 30 m/s when her m1s2. Al I= 0, the vehicle's position and
D ::.1 · parachute opens: From then on, her velocity are S = 240 m. and V = 42 mis
!!6 = 32C + 384(-1) When t=O, V =-10rrJs downward acceleration is approximately respectively.
a = g - cv2, where g = 9.81 mfs2 and C is a
C = 15 -10 =10(0).+C constant. After an initial •transienr period,she <D What isthe vehicles position at t =6 sec?
C1 =-10 descends ·at a nearly constant velocity of ·® What is'the vehicles velocity at t = 6 sec?
5mls . ® What is the acceleration of the vehicle at
Sum = A+ B + C + 0
I= 6 sec?
Sum =O + O · . . -1 © What is the value of C?
v = 1012 -10 @ What max. deceleration is the sky diver
Sum = 14 1Qt3 subjected to?
S = -- -10t +C2
3
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
@ Totai distance traveled. 350·0 Problem:
Solution: when t = 6
<D Veh\des position at t = 6 sec. s=(6)2 + 0 6 3 v =511 +tl An engineer analyzing a large scale machining
a=2+0.1t process determines !hat a toolwhich moves in
rN . ·1 ) + 42{6) + 240 a straight line starts from rest at time t = O and
S=531
.6m. 512 t3 position S= 0 and moves with acceleration a =
-=a
cit S1= 1 + ..!...
2 3
=
2 + 1112 -tl'2 mls2 from t 0 lo t = 4 sec.
<D Determine at what time does a maximum
rN =2+0.1t ® Vehicles velocity at t = 6 sec.
dt S1 = (10)2 + (10)3 velocity of the tool will occur.
·2 2 3 @ Determine the maximum velocity of the
f
JrN= (2+0.1t)dt V=2t+ 0.1t +42
2 S1 = 583.33 m.
tool. .
2
0.11 016
2 @ Determi
·the till14! the acceleration
ne when of theoccurs.
maximum velocity tool at
V=2t+-2- +C1 v = 2(6) · ) + 42
L
dS
- = 212 + 2t + c ,
di
-
2
t = 3 sec.
a.= 12 t
f v
-=- K f_ d i
2 t3 2 t 8 0
S:-+ -+ C1 t + C2 a = 12(3)
3 2
a =36 mts2 f v·2 dV =- Kt
8
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8
5 5 f 0.40!2 di
\' = 6t +1 reached by the particle. . x = 50(4) + o( ) Sx =
© Calculate the total distance traveled by the x = 325 m. 2
0 3 10
particle in 12 sec. 4
@ jistance move by the ship at this interval:
Sx = 0. {1) dt]
8 \. Solution: © r.otal distance traveled by the particle in 0
V= 6t + 1 <D Veloci!y when t = 12 sec 12sec. s ;;: 0.40(10)3
dS _ _8_ Total area of the V - diagram: x 3
a dt = dV . = 50(4) 50(5) 30(3) Sx = 133.33 m
x + 2 + 2
t Vx
f I x = 370 m.
t
ay = 2 - 0.3t
s= J
- 10 dt= dV
6t 1 d t d = 2 - 0.31
4 50
S=
0 l
J 6t 1 di
• 10(1·4) = Vx - 50
Vx = 50 - 10t + 40
.Vx = 90 -10! The expressions below are the components of
Vy= r I
0
(2 •0.3t)dt
Velocity at I= 10 sec: . V = -.J (VJ2 + (Vy)2 + (Vzl2 Note: The relation between a , v and s
t =
. Vy diagram is similar to that of load, shear
ax:::0.8t
10 v =y + (5) + (50)2 and moment diagram.
-- 0.8!
Sy =
J 0
(2t •0.15t2)dt
10
dt
Vx = 10f
V =64.23 mis
0 Velocity V 1 is equal to the area of
diagram:
· ® Acceleration when I= 10 sec
Sy - [212• 0.15t3] 0.80!dt
- 2 3 0
0 2 10 ax = 0.80!
·v _ 12(8)
Vx = [0.8(t) ] ax = 0.80{10) = 8 m/s2 ,- 2
s ::: 100- 0.15(10)3 ay= 2 - 0.31
y 3 0
V1= 48 mis (velocity after 8 sec.)
Vx = 0.40(10) ay = 2 - 0.3(10)::: - 1 m/s2
Sy = 50 m
az = 5m/s2 12(8)
Vx = 40 mis
Vz = 2 - 11(4)
az::: 5
ay= 2 - 0.31 a= )2 + (Cly)2 + (C1z)2 V2 .:: 4 mfs (velocity after ·12 sec.)
di
=5
a - - Y
a = (8)2 + (·1)2 + (5)2
y - dt a = 9.49 mfs2 • Distance S 1is equal to the area of V
I
diagram.
Vz =f S dt d = 2·0.3\
48(8)
0 s, = = 128 m. (distance traveled by
Vz:5! Vy = f 10
0
(2 • 0.3t)dt
. 3
car after 8 sec.)
. 10 s 48(8) •(48 + 4)
- =V vy = [21_p. 12 ] 2= 3 + 2 (4)
dt z (a)Aculeration .diagram
0 S2 = 232 m. (total distance.traveled by the
10
Sz= 5t dtf Vy = 2(10).0.300)
12ml<1
car after 12 sec.)
0 '
2 10 Vy = 5 mls 2
51 ]
Sz= y I
0 •A
az = 5
5 (l'J Yelocily diagram
4 scc.
z =2(100)
Si= 250 m
dt -:
10
-5
1nd"
v,=48 mis
-. ,. ..
8 sec. J1 ·.· 2
ll
·
Vz = J 5 di
--
: . ·.· .·· ; .... ·..·., ·· · V,:4 mls 81. 4 ,A
0
11=!1 sec. li=hcc.
10 S2 = 5tlm of area of a-diagram times the
s= ._j (SJ2 + (Sy)2 + (Sz)2 distance of its centroid from axis A-A.
Vz = [st] .(S J V.i<1t1i1u dia1:rnm
s= '1(133.33)2 + (50)2 + (250)2 0
·S = 287.71 rn Vz = 5(10) 2
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IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I !PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICfJ
S3- S1= 12
252 - 60 = 12 t2
Graph Area Centroid
An automobile starting from rest speeds up to t2 = 16 sec.
12 m/sec. with a constanc acceleration of
0 1.2 ·m1sec2, runs at fast speed for sometime, T = t1 + t2 + t3
and finallycomes to rest with a de eferalion of T=10 +16 + 8
1.5 m/sec2. ff the total distance lraveffed is T = 34 sec.
. 300 m., find the total time required.
A = bh
x
An.automobileis to travel a distance from A to
B of 540 m.in exactly 40 seconds. The auto
- accelerates and decelerates at 1.8 m/sec2·,
starting from rest at A and coming to rest at B.
Find the maximum speed. ·
1.8 m/s2
ACCELERATION DIAGRAM
.,,: :· · '·:<
.DISTANCE DIAGRAM
Solution:
1.2 t1=12 DISTANCE DIAGRA
l
300 - S2= 48 V t1
S1=
. S2 = 252 m. ,2
'
Visit For more Pdf's Books S2 = S1 + Viz
'
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V t1
S1 =2+V t2 <D
I'" ' I
2 .4 m/s2 ACCELERATION DIAGR..M Mi:I Prob/en/:
vb = 8(1) + 6(2) - 2t.,
S3 = S2+2
V t3 ;• ;·;.··i:
. ;
!2 t ,:r :r
; -2.4 m/s2 :
A subway train travels between two of its
0 = 8 + 12 - 26; '
I
but t3 = t1;S3 = 540 m. shown.
.tsJ i t
It will reverse at t = 6 sec.
Solution:
<D Least time the train can go from A to B: 10- S2 = 60(13)
2
Velocity diagram
Least time ii.could traveled from A o B.
Acceleration = 15(60) 10 -S2 = 60
. . 2 60
(!.)
Acceleration = 900 kmfhr2
<D Acceleration: Deceleration = 10(60) S2= 7 km
Velocity = area of a-diagram Deceleration = 600 kmlhr2
S2 -S1 = 60 t2
48 =
2
+ 9(a)
.i:: i # ' 7 - 2 =6012
2 a.Jiag;am t1 t2 5
a = 4 mis I
t2 = 60 hrs.
s = (5)()(2) + 6(4) +
'\
¥1 OJ Velocity after 6 sec.
I
I t2 = 5 0)'
s = 16 + 34 +6 V=
I
t2 =5min.
S = 46 m.
V = 12 rnls
To!al time of travel = 4 + 6 + 5
Totallime of travel= 15 min.
@ Distance traveled after 15 sec.
Area of V - diagram: ® Distanee traveled after 4 min.= 2 km
A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 12(6) (12 + 48)(9)
48 rnls in 15 sec. The acceleratio n increases S= 3 + 2 Using the a-v-s diag.
from zero unifonnly withtime for the first 6 sec.
after which it remains constant.
S = 294 m. V = 900 t1 @ Distance traveled after 9 min. = v;1+V 12
60 = 900 t1
'::
Ci Which of the followi;;g gives the constant Check: (moment of area of a-diagram) 11 =
60
hrs.
900
-- 602 (.i) L5l
60 + 50 60
acceleration.
• ?1 V!hich of the following gives the velocity s= (11) + 4(9)(4.5) 11- 60(60) .:: 7 km
:::ifler G sec. - !JOO
1,;i. 1•\'hich of the following gives the distance S = 294 m. Visit For more Pdf's Books 4 min.
t1=
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PLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
-4(11) S1Jlution:
<D Time when deceleration becomes zero:
Check:(Moment of area of-a- c .mis ·
S2 =(4) - 2(2)(1) + 1.0(8) a (mfs2)
16 . t=12
A car accelerates from initial velocity of
10 mis . The acceleration is increasing S::.172 m. nee traveled after 10 seconds.
uniformly from zero to 8 mts2 in 6 seconds.
During the next two .seconds, the car
8(12) _ 48ml
2 - s +-1-----...J ----- I
07 5
MD
I
202m.
l
48(8) (48 + 26)
2 (2) i
the distance·traveled alter 6 seconds. V1=0 mls
@ Which of the following most neay gives uniformly at a constant rate of 1
the total distance traveled after 8 seconds. lance traveled arter.12sec:
<D Which of the following give:
the car after 12 seconds. 48(8) (48 + 4)
Solution: ;: 3 + (4J
<l> Which of the following giv .2
<D Velocity after 8 seconds traveled after 10 seconds.• = 232 m.
@ Which of the following
1-- 2s: --' ...:.:;J
v-diagram
distance traveled after 12
t 16
Solution:
<D Velocity of car after 12 sec 0.75 =1
lo
a diagrt1111 -2mfs2-......"""-4 Velocity = area of accelera t = 12 sec.
i·is brought to an emergency stop in
! V2J34 -I '
Distance = area of velocity
:onds, the deceleration being shown in
1gram.
·Time.= 16 + 12
Time = 28 sec.
!2rr
V3 = 30 rJ1/!':
26
I : .. v -0 0.75(12) .
S1 = )+ 10(6) ri=O · .· · ·· ·. · 2- - 2
: 8 . Vhich of the following gives lhe time when
S1= 108 m. 1:-diagram I .1e deceleration becomes zero. · V2 = - 4.5 mis
!Vhich of th!'! following gives the speed or
@ Total distance traveled after 8 seconds ;he train before the brakes were applied. Stopping distance
Area of V - diagram: Which 9f the following gives t'ie stopping 24.5(28) 12(4.5)@
distance. = 3 + 3 - 28(4.5)
S2 = + 10(6) + (34 ;301(2)
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= 138.67 m.
S2 = 172 m.
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·j 2 rnts2
A car starling from rest accelerates
from zero at B
2
uniformly
lo 3 m/s for 5 sec. at C, then
decelerates uniformly at 2 mls2 and stop at D.
Compute the lime the car has traveled from B
s -=:::::- --- 4 ec.
.
: V3= V2 -al
v3 = 65 - 1(60).
V3= 5 m/s
to 0. . .Solution : V22 = v12 ± 2 as1
·• - ') 1.31
Solution :
2-v + 2 (65}2 = (20)2 + 2(0.75) s;
V2 = 6.6 m/s S1= 2550 m.
v _fill
1- 2 After 4 sec: 4 V32 = Vf - 2 a S2
-
3
V1 =7.5 mis . Distance traveled = 3(4) + ( ) (5)2 = (65)2 - 2 (1)Si
V2= V1- a t S2= 2100 m.
Distance traveled = 16.8 m.
0 = 7.5 - 2t - (Area of velocity diagram) Total distance = 2550 + 2100
t = 3.75 sec.
Total distance = 4650 m.
3 mls2
Total distance = 4.65 km.
.. Alternate Solution :
,_ A trainupon passing point A at a speed of 72 Using a, v.. s diagram :
kph accelerates at 0.75 mfs2. for one minute Distance = area of velocity diagram
along a straight path then decelerates at Velocity = area or acceleration diagram
2 t1 = 20 , 1.0 mis2. How far in km_ from point A will it be
V2 = 20 + 0.75 (60)
-,2 min_ after passing point A.
t1= 10 sec. V2 = 65 m/s
•· Solution: V3 = 65 - 60 (1)
® Time to travel at constant speed: 72 000 V3 =5 mis
V-diag 5 sec.
1.6\3:: 20 . \1 1 =.3600-
l3 = 12.5 sec. Total time has traveled from Blo D V1 ::20 rn/s s = (20 65) (60) + (65;5) (60)
= 5 + 3.75 a = 0.75 m/s2.
S1 -- 1.Qi---- 100 m. = 8.75 sec. S =4650 m.
2
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!PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
.. When x =3 m. a = 16 WUI Problem: _ ,,,,-
Et» Problem. :.. -.-; . ,..,
16= [3k(3)2. 8(3)+ 6) [k(3)3-4(3)23)J
.
,Ji
"..,.
An auto A is moving at 6 m/sec. and The velocity of a particle moving along the x • 16 = [27 k -18] [27k - 18) A man weighing 70 kg. is in an elevator
accelerating at 1.5 m/sec2 to overtake an auto axis is defined by V = !cx3•4x2 + 6x, where V 16 = (27k - 18)2 moving upward with an acceleratio n of
-s which Is 115.2 m ahead.If auto B is moving is in in/sec,x is in meters,and kis a constant 2.5 m1sec2.
If k = 1,compute the value of the acceleration 27k -18 = ±4
at 18 m/sec2 and decelerating at 0.9 m/sec2.
after x = 2 meters. 27k -18= + 4 © What pressure does he exert on the ftoor
Q) How soon will A pass B? . of the elevator?
Solution: 27k =22
® What will be the pressure if the elevator is
@ Determine the distance traveled by B
when it was overtaken by A. V =.(1) x3 -4x2 + 6x k = 0.815 descending down with the same
2
V = x3 - 4x + 6x acceleration?
a=l.5 mfs2 a=·0.9 mls2 27k -18= -4
·dV
V=6 mis V=18 mis ;J = dt 27k = 14 Wa/g
dx dx dx k=0.518
2
;'; "'"'; . a = 3x di"8xdt+ 6 di
dx
a = (3x2 8x + 6)dt Usek = 0.518
Solution:
<D Time A will pass B Clx = V = x3 - 4x2 + 5x
1 di
S = V01± 2at2 when x = 2 m.
= (2)3 _ 4 (2)2 + 6 (2) KIN ETICS OF RECTILIN EAR
· F
For B: 9 dx F
0
s = 18 t - · t2 dt = 4 m/sec.
2
S =18t - 0.45 t2 0 = [3 (2)2 8 (2) + 6) (4) Solution:
a = [12 -16 + 6](6) © Pressure he· exert on the floor of the
For A: a= 8 m/sec2 · - An elevator weighing 15 kN·slarts from rest elevator
. 1.5
(S + 115.2) =6 t +t2 · and acquires.an upward velocity of 3 m/sec. in
F= W+-
Wa
, a distance of 6 m. If t!feacceleration is
s + 115.2 = 6_ t + 0.75 t2 @ ·• constant, what is t e terislQ_ in the cab! ? 9
F = 70(9.81) + 70(2.5)
Substitute equation 01n equation t!J: In the preceding problem. find the smallest .Solution: F=861.7 N
2 value of k.that will make the acceleration equal · ;·v,z2=V + 2 as
18 t • 0.45 12 + 115.2 =6 t + 0.75 t 2 1
1.212 -12 t -115.2 =0 . to 16 m/sec2 when x = 3 m. "(3) = 0 + 2 a (6)
@ Pressure if the elevator is· descending
t2 -1Q t -96 =0
(t - 16) (t + 6) = 0
Solution:
V = kx3 - 4x2+ 6x
.
·.
a = 0.75 m/sec2
Wa
W=15 down wjth the same acceleration .
t = 16 seconds dV
: F =W - Wa
. .T= W + g g
a = dt .·. . 15000
@ Distance traveled by B dx '-T= 15000 + . -(0.75) F= 70(9.81)-70(2.5)
a = (3 kx2 - Bx + 6) dt .. 9.81
s= 181- 0.45t2 · = 16147 N F = 511.7N
s = 18(16)- 0.45(16)2 dx = V = !cx3 -4x2 + 6x ·T=16.147kN
Wa/g
S= 172.8 m. dt \
a = (3 kx2 - 8x + 6) (kx3 -4x2 + x)
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is3
pn1m:fl!WJ)lfl1UlA.,; puj . ,, . · .®- Tension.of supporting cable: @ Which of the following gives the force
which the boy exerts on the floor of an
elevator when the elevator is ascending
Starting from rest, an elevator weighing T
An elevator weighing 9.8 kN move$ downward with.a constant acceleration of 1.82 mJs2.
9000 N attains an upward velocity of 5 m/sec.
from rest until it attains a velocity of 20 mis
in 4 seconds with uniform accelaration.
after ittravels a distance of 5 m. Solution:
<D Which of the following gives the <D Which of the following most nearly gives 9000 . <D Force Which.the boy exerts on the floor of
acceleration of the elevator. the uniform acceleration of the elevator. an elevator when the elevator is at rest
@ Which of the following gives the mewhich
the elevator travels at this instant.·
® Which of the following most nearly gives
the apparent weight of a 600 mn
+ R =' 340N
@ Which of the following gives the tension in standing inside the elevator dunng its ® Force which the boy exerts on the floor of
the cable supporting the elevator. accent. · .a n elevator when the elevator
@ Which of the following most nearly gives is
Solution: the tension in the supporting cable. descending:
Solution:
© Uniform acceleration:
V2= V1 + a t
5 = 0 + a(4) T = 9600 + 9600a
a = 1.2S mlsec 2 g
T = 9600 + 9600 {1.25}
Apparent weight of man: 9.81
Considering the free body diagram of man . T= 10823.N.
T
R =340N
...: . Since velocity is constant, acceleration is
.< "!' .":.··
zero.
' ·. _A boy having a weight of 340 N Is standing,on @ Force which.the boy exerts on the floor.
Walg .'18 floor of an elevator.
'\
<D Acceleration of elvator
v2 = v02+ 2as
(20)2 ='(0)2 + 2(a) 5
a = 40 m/s2
(i) Time which the elevator travels at this
instant.
V = V0 + at
R
20 = 0 + 40(1)
t = 0.5 sec. 34
.;: ich of the followiilg gives tHe force R = 340 + oa
g .
. .·which the boy exerts on the flo6r of an
@ Tension in the
elevator.
caple supRo.rting the
R a 600 +
5
00a ';,.elevator welithe elevatoris at rest. =
R 340 + 340(1.82)
. 9.81
w g . lch of the following gives the force
whrch the boy exerts on the floor· of an R = 403.07 N
T = W +g-a - 600 600(1.25) elevator when the eJevatot is descending
R "" + 9.81
- 9.8 (40) - .76 kN atconstant velocity of 1.52 mis.
T 9.8 + Visit For more Pdf's Books
R=676.45 N
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N=W
Solution:
750(9.81) = 7360 N Vl = V12 + 2 as
(12)2 = o + 2 a (30}
8300 - 7360 = ma a = 2.4 mlsec2
8300 - 7360 = 750 a
a = 1.257 mls2 7 4
268 = ·) + F
:EFx = ma '. Scafe reading: F =92.34 N
2T _ (60+1000)(9.81} = (60+1000)a
.;, Which of the following gives. th.e
acceleration of the elevator if the tension m
· the caoleis 5500 N.
2(4500) - (1060)(9.81) = (1060)a
a = -1.319 mls2
t a=l.257
F = µN
92.34 = µ(268)
@ Which of the following gives the scal_e µ= 0.34
reading when thatension inthe cable is 75(9.81)=7360N
SO N .
,,1) Which of the following gives the
accelll of the elevator when the
tf.r.:i·)n inthecable is 4500 N. A woman weighing 75 kg stands on a s ·
scale in an eJevator. During the fi.rst 3 Determine the force P that will give the body
of motion from rest, the tension T m . an acceleration of 1.8 m sec2.The coefficient
Solution: R- 6=m a
hoisting cableis 8300 N. e totalmass of . of kinetic friction is0.20.
.,, Acc:Gleration of elevator if tension in cable ·elevator, woman and scale 1s 750 kg. R- 736 = 75 (1.257)
1500 N
is 500 N R =830 N p
<D Find the vertical acceleration of Solution; ·
l.Fx = ma elevator.
!
:,
® -Velocity at the end of 3 sec.
zT _ (60+1000)(9.81) = (60+1000)a <Z> Find the reading R of the scale in Ne . N = 1_500 - P .()
during thisinterval. .' V2 = V 1 ± a t
2(50) -(1060)(9.81) = 1060a @ Find the upward velocity of the elevator N = 1500 - 0.6 P
V2 = 0 + 1.257(3)
a = 0.567 mls2 . the end of the 3seconds.
V2 = 3.77 mis
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2 56 25 7
r V;()
touch. a2 = 1.50 m/sec2
t
1
mis S = 2a2 t2
Solution:
1 . '
v2 2 = v1 2 - 2 as s =2(1.5) 12
W=SN
0 =(3)2 - 2 a (S)
4.5 s = 0.7512
a=5 Solution:
<D Acceleration of bullet after one second '1
V2 = V2 - at S + 1S=2a1 t2
Wa
; ''.
-=R=30 V
g 885 =900 - a (1) 0.7512 + 15 :::: (3.2) 12
45 a = 15m/sec2
3000 15= 0.85 12
·
s = 30 v
---s:81
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t = 4.2 seconds
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258
T1 _ euE Solution:
® Tension of cable suppOrting A T2-
T _ 20 200(1.8} T = Wa + Waa
1- 0 - 9.81 B= 180' = 7t g
<D Determine the acceleration of the bodies
T1= 163.30 N T- W WAa
shownif the coefficient of friction is 0.10 - A" g
between the cable and the fixed drum. A @ Terisiorrof cable supPOrting B
100a Waa _ w " WA a
weighs 200 N and Bweighs 100 N. WB +
Determine the tension of the cable T2 = 100 +.-- g - A g
supporting A. 9 a(WA + Wal_ w W
T - 100 100(1.8) g - A" B
@ Determine the tension of the cable r · + 9.81
supporting B. _ . T1= 1.37T2 a = ®-We}g
T2::: 118.35 N
',. ._ 200- 20:35 a = 1.37 (100 + 10.19a) WA + Wa
" 200- 20.38
a =1.83 mfs2a = 137 + 13.96 a
Eki !.
!PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
Solution:, .88-A Problem: ® Distance it has moved at t = 1sec.
ma + T + F1 = 2400 Sin 0
24 CD Acceleration of block B. Vil"' V12 + 4aS
00 a + T + 192 = 1440 The mass of each box is 4 kg. Friction is
9.81 T1 = 2 T2 negligible. The boxes start from rest at t = O.
(2.45)2= 0 + 2(2.45) s
T = 1248 - 244.65a
N2 = 1600 Cos 0
T1 = 300 + (0 © Determine
= thewhen
magnitude
at t 1 sec.
of their velocity
they have
their ini:ial position
moved from
S = 1.225 m.
T 2 - ?QO - 200 a
- 9.81
N2 = 1280 N ® Determine the distance they have moved
from their initial position at t = 1sec.
F2 = 0.30(1280) ® Determine the magnitude of their velocity @ Velocity of the 'block at t = 1 sec. if
at I := 1 sec. if the coefficient of kinetic µk = 0.15.
F2 = 384 N
friction between the boxes and the surface
is µk = 0.15.
T + 1600 S!n 0 = 600 + F2.:. :"'3
1600 a
T + 960 = 800 + 364 + 9:81
T = 224 + 163.10 a
1248 - 244.65 a = 224 + 163.10 a
4(9.81)
a = 2.51 mrs2
550 a = 100
- 200 - 9.81 2
·· Ni= 4(9.81)
If the pulley shown are weightless and 9.81 N1= 39.24
frictionless, 8 = 1.78 mts2 (acceleration of block B)
'1 Find the acceleration of block B. T= ma Ft = µkNt
'' Find the at:ce!eration of block A. T =4 a
Ft = 0.15(39.24)
i;_ JJ Find the tansion of the cable supporHng
® Acceleration of block A T +ma = 4(9.81) Sin 30·
bloc!-. 8. 1.78 T= 4a = 19.62 F1= 5.89
.aA =-2
- T + T =.19.62
T"' 9.81 N
aA = 0.89 m/s2 T-Fi=ma T-
9.8 = 4 a
5.89 = 4 a T
a= 2.45 m/s2
@ Te11sion of cable supporting block B
= 4a + 5.89
-1 = 200 - 200 Y2 = Vr + a t
2 9.81 N2 = 4(9.81) Cos 30·
V2"' 0 + 2.45 (1)
T _ _ 200(1.78) V2 = 2.45 mis N2 "' 33.98
2 - 200 9.81
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260-B
(PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
. IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
·Fi= 1Jt N2
Ml!I Mkl Proh!fl/Ji:
Solution:
·
Fz = 0.15(33.98) <D Determine the acceleration of body B, The coefficient of kinetic friction under block A
<D Acceleration of the 5-kg. mass:
, Fz =·5.10 N assuming the pulleys to be weightless and is 0.30 and under block Bis 0.20.
frictionless. ·
® Determine the tension of cable A. © Find the acceleration of the system.
T @ -Determine the tension of cable ·
T + Fz-4(9.81) Sin 30" + m a= 0 <2.l Find the tension in the cord supporting
block A.
4a + 5.89 +5.10 -19.62 + 4a = 0
8a =8.63
a = 1.08 mts2 ·h I
ia
@ Find the tension inthe cord supporting A
and B.
t2a
I
I
!Sa
I
V::· V1+ a t
V2= 0 + 1.08(1)
T = 2(9.81) + 2::i
V2= 1.08 mls ·
T +Sa = 5(9.61)
T = 5(9.lli) -·Sa
2(9.81) + 2a = 5(9.81)-Sa
7a = 3(9.81)
-8 Problem:
a = 4.20 mls2
The two rrasses are leased from rest.
Solution:
<D Acceleration of B
(?) Vetocily of 5 kg. mass after it has fallen · T1 = 2 T2
0.2m. 300 a . Solution: ·
T1= 300 + 9_81 2 , © Acceleration 'of the system
V:t = V12 -;- 2a S
=
T1 300 + 15.29a N1== 100 Cos 30· == 86.6 N
V-1- = O + 2(4.2)(0.2) F1 = B6.6 {0.3)'= 26 N
V2= 1.30 mts ·r 2= 200 •200 a
T1=.ma
9.81 100+100
a Sin 30" +Ft
(!) Determine the acceleration of Ifie 5 kg ·- T2 = 200 - 20.39 a :r 1= 9_81 +50 + 26
r, i.
\,
mass when the two masses are released. 300 + 15.29 a = (200 • 20.39 a) 2 T1=76 + 10.19a
® Time it took for the 5 kg. to fall 02 m. ' a = 1.78 m/s2 (acceleration ofB) 300 a
@ Determine. the velocity of the 5 kg. mass T2 = 3.00- . .
V2= V1+ a t 9 81
when iihas fallen 0.2 m. ·- Tension of-cable A
:.t 1.30 = 0 + 4.2 I T2 =·300 - 30.58a
T1= 300 + 15.29(1.78)
® Determine the time it took for the 5 kg t = 0.31 sec. T2 =T1+ 200 Sin30" +F2 +ma
mass to fall 0.2 m. T1 =327.27 N · 200 a
T2 = T1+ 100 + F2 + _
9 81
@ Tension of cable B
T2 = 200 - 20.39(1.78) N2'= 200 Cos 30'. = 173.2 N
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F2 = 0.20 _(173.2): 34.64 N
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..
T12 =240 9.81 ·64 S.e6 m.
F1 =64 N T1= T2 . m <4'1+a1>
T2 =176·40.77a .
100 +10.19(a1+ ai) = 200- 20.38(31- a2)
T1 =2T2 Problem: . ·.·. '.; ; 30.
51:a2
3a1 a1 -=10.1
9.819a1= 100
228 + 15.29.a = 2 (176 -40.77 a} · ma T1 ..., . ,.j "
_ .:;
T1 =400Si n 0 +F1+ 2 · . 300 .
a = 1.28 mts2 (acceleration ofB) 400 a If the pulleys in the figure,are weightless and T3 = 300 - 9.81 a2
T1= 240 +64 + 2 (9.81) fi'iclionless, . ·
T3 = 300 - 30.58 a2
® Tension of cord at B T1= 304 + 20.39a
T2 = 176 • 40.77 (1.28) T1 =2T2
T2 = 123.81 N (tension of cord at B)
N2 = 300 Cos a = 180 N
@ Tension of chord at A
F2 = u N2
T1 =2T2
T1= 2{123:81)
=
F2 0.20(180) = 36 N
I
'T2 + a+ 36 = 240
1 © Determine the acceleration of block C.
T2 = 204 •30.Sa · · Determinethe acceleration of block 8.
@ Qetennine the acceleration of block A.
· T1 =2T2
<D Compute the acceleration of the 400 N. 304 + 20.39 a = 2 (204 •30.58 a)
body. ' 304 +20.39 a =408 •61.16 a cZ) Aeceleration of block B
<i> Compute the time required for the 400 N a = 1.28 mts2 a1 = 6 (0.58) = 3.48 mJs2
body to move 3m.from rest. . a . • a1• 32 = 3.48 - 0.58
@ Compute the distance traveled by te 2 = 0.64 mts2 (acceleration of 400 N body)
300 N when the 400 N body has moved
3 m.from rst.
a1- 32 = 2.9 mts 2 ·(acceleration of block B)
@ Time required for the 400 N body to IJlO\lt
3 m. from rest ·
1 Solution: ·@ Acceleration of block A
S= V1 t ±2a t2 © Acceleration-0f block C at + a2 = 3.48 +0.58
T1 = T2
V1 = 0 (atrest) T3 = T{'+ T2 a1+ a2 4.00 mts2 (acceleration Qf block A)
=
3 =O + 04t2 T1= 100 + m(a1 + a2)
• 100 ,
t = 3.06 sec. .Tt = 100 + 9.81 (aJ + a2}
T1= 100 + 10.19(a1+ a2)
:·.. -------------------
. 150 a2 · Solution:
'· .. T = 150 + 9. 1 : <D Tension inthe cord supporting C
T = 150 +15.2992
Assuming the pulleys to b weightless and·
frictionless, 150 + 15.29 a2 = 300- 30.58 a1
t'
a2 + 2 a1 = 9.81
a2 = 9.81- 2 a1
150 + 7.64 (a1 - a2} = 150 +15.29 a2
150 + 7.64 a1 • 7.64 az -15.29 a2=150
7.64 a1 - 2.93a2 = 0
az = 0,333 at
a2 = 9.81- 2 a1 2T = 1000 + 1000 az
0.333 a, = 9.81 - 2 a2 0
g 2
a1 = 4.20 m/s2 (acoeleration of block C) T= + 3000 (a1 - a2)
2 3000
g 2
® Acceleration .of block A 2000
T = 2000- -a1
<D Determine the acceleration of block C. · az = 9.81•2 (4.2) 9
® Determine the acceleration of block A. a2 =1.41 m/s2 (acceleration of block A) .
® Determine the acceleration of block B. T 2T
@ Acceleration oiblock B
Solution: a1 - az = 4.2;1.41= 1.395 m/s2
.•
T
2 .
(acceleration of block B)
'.",. · a2 From e:
1
T = 2000 • 2000 ( )
150
Mtj o & e: T = 857 N
2T m(a1) 2000 a1} 500
2 2000 --
(j) Determine the tension in the cord ( - = 1000 + -a2 ® Acceleration of block B
g g
T 2T supporting,C.The pulleys are frictionless. 4000a1 500
and of negligible weight. 4000 - -= 100Q + -a2 ae - 2 .
<2> Determine the acceleration of block B.
g g
4(9.81}
'i
h·
a1l '·"· ® Determinethe acceleration of block A.. 3000
_ 4000 a1= 500 a2
g g a1 = 7
2
a1= 5.61 rnls
":t
t 300 300 az = 6 - 0
9. . g
111(01) .!2....= 6 -
2T 9.81 9.81
<D Acceleration of block C =
.!L 6 -fil&.!}
9.s1 9.a1.
· 300 (a1- a2)
=
2T 300 +- 9.81 (2) a2 = 13.98 m/s2
T = 150 + 7.64 (a1 • az} 3000 13.98 - 5.61
. ! 300 {a1) as= 2
T =300 -g:a:;-
T= 300 •30.56a1
a8 = 4.185 mis
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269
••
g
0
V-/ = V12 + 2aS
In the figure.shown,
e& e:
Vi=.0 +2(0.89)(1.8)
1900 2500 a2 = 19000 2500 a3 Each of the two systems is released from rest.
+- g - . +-g - V2 = 1.79 mis
e © Calculate the velocity of 50 N cylinder after
the 40 Ncylinder has dropped 1.8 m. ® Velocity of 50 N cylinder after the 40 N
® The 20 Ncylinder is replaced by a force of cylinder has dropped 1.8 m.
o& e: .·· 20 N, calculate the speed of !he 50 N
a1 • a2 : ' cylinder after the 40 N cylinder has
a2=
-
r-
<D Determine. the tension T_ in the cord ·; dropped 1.8 m.
supporting C. 2a2=a1 • a2 For case •b•, compute the time the 40 N
@ Determine the acceleration of block B. · cylinder moves a distance of t8 m.
@ Determine the acceleration of block C. a1 = 3a2 ct
9000
T = 3000 --
9
a2 8
;
'-
(
2 T= 5000 (5)
3
. 5000
+ 800 +--a2
g - 115
a2:G1 )g
.t"1.'" of 1.8 m.
V2 = V1+al
5000az
2 T= 3800+--
9
a2 =0.938 m/sec2 t ' 1.98 =0 + 1.09t
I = 1.82sec.
' 2500a2
g a3= a2 = 0.938 m/sec2 - 3oooa1ti · .
T =1900 + 9 a1 = 3a2 = 2.85rntsec 2 · walg
g 3000
T = 3000. . (2.8.15) Visit
= 2'139 N
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270
I.PRINCIPLES-OF DYNAMICS I
lPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
wa
3T + - = 300 W=9.81(20) kg
® Acceleration for block A g
aA = 1.5a8 3T + 35a = 300
The mass of A and B are 30 kg and 10 kg aA = 1.5(0.682)
respectively. Neglecting all friction and the aA = 1.024 m/s2 O& :
mass of pulleys. 3(52.5)a + 35a = 300
<D Determine the acceleration of block·B ·@ Tension supporting block B 192.5a = 300 120 - F1 = g
upon·release from rest. T = 50.33- 22.5a a = 1.558 mJs2 F1 = O.SO(W)
CV Determine the acceleration of block A T = 50.33 -2 .5(0.682) ae = 1.558 m/s2 F 1 = 0.50(20)(9.81)
upon release from rest. T = 34.99 N .
@ Determine the tension supporting block B. F1 = 98.1
·@ Acceleration of A
Tension supporting B = 3(34.99) aA = 1.5a 20aA = 120 - 98.1
Tension supporting B = 104.96 N aA = 1.5(1.558) aA = 1.095 m/s2
aA = 2.34 mis
® Acceleration of block B
N1=20(8.8I)
•@ Tension in the cable
T = 52.Sa
Neglecting all friction and the masses of the T = 52.5(1.558)
pulleys. T = 81.8 N
··f.,:•·r,T:
98.1" 100a8
l
ae = 0.981 mfs2
--
to the application of P= 300 N. between the 20 kg block A and the 100 kg cart 440
0NN
<D Compute the acqeleration of block B due Jhe coefficient of static and kinetic friction
@ Acceleration of block A and B if P = 40 N
I
® Compute the acceleration of block A d .are both essentially the same valueof 0.50.
I
;walg
waA/g
-- . .. T=80
to the application of P = 300 N
@ Compute the tension inthe cable. SD If P = 60 N,determine the acceleration of
--- -
block A.
.® ·11 P = 60 N,determine the acceleration of .
;'
•.
!: . Solution:
3T
111/g (l. S a)
T
::=n--
T
T
2T
.block B.
If P = 40 N. determine the acceleration of
block A and 8.
Ni
t
F 1 = 20(9.81){0.5)
F1 = 98.1 > 80 It will move as a whole
<D Acceleration for block B · Solution: 120 kg
F Forblock A:-
k{. .
t·· :
2T t 30(1.5a) = 30(9.81)Sin 20·
.• Acceleration of A if P ::60 N
p .,,•a/g .·. .
,.......
·
":'+>
80
CE Boart! !lhj
A block resting on a plane is connected by a
w1 a1
g
200a
.
T1+ F +--= 200Sm 0
T1+12+- =200(0.8)
•• Problem::.. <
J;.;
Lf;l : a:I
m =4 kg
t lOOa/g
ms=4 kg
l
6
m.a11
© Which of he followirig most .nearly gives 148 - 200a = 100 + 100 a
the acceleration of te. .system in g g © Determine the acceleratioo ·at which the
meterslsec2. · 4 kg block B will descend if we neglect
= 300a
® Which of the following most nearly gives 48
g friction on the pulley and alson in the T = msae
the tensionin Newtons irithe cable. 48(9.81) horizontal plane. a..= ae
@ Which of the following most nearly gives . a = 300 T = 2ae = 2aA
the distance in meters, traveled by the
a = 1.57 m/sec2 ® Determine the tension in the chord if we
system in one second. 4(9.81) - T = ll1A CIA
neglect friction.
Solution: ·39.24 -T = 4a...
· ® Tension inthe cable
<D Acceleration of the system fn meters/sec2 (}) If the coefficient of friction is 0.30' between
39.24 -23A 4aA
the block and the horizontal plane,
T1=100 + 100a
g
T _ 10 100(1.57)
0
ta (
determine the tensionin the chord. 6aA= 39.24
aA = 6.54 mJsz..
1- + 9.81 OO N
,,·... .
T1 =116N
t g
® Tension inchord:
i::: @ Distance traveled by the sytem in T ='2(6.54)
1second.
N=200 Cos e . 1 2 T = 13.0B N
N= 200(3) S = V1 t + 2at
5·
N = 120 s = 0 + (1.57)(1)2
s = 0.785
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F =12N
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S = V0 t + at2
s= 0 +1 (1.635){2>2
2 2 '
400 S = 1.635 m.
Wai/g
t 100
lOOalg
900 N
F2 = µ N2
200alg F2 = 0.20(1559) <D Which of the . following gives the
F2 = 311.8 · acceleration of the blocks
Solution: ® Which of the following gives the tension in
F = 1800 Sin 30' - 311.8 - 180
© Acceleration of block B: · the flexible chord.
F = 408.2 N @ Which of the foffowing gives the tension in
N = 300 ero<I. •
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276 277
® Acceleration of block k.
Solution:
a 6.54
© Acceleration of the blocks
=2 =2
=3.27 mJs2
': -
200 V2 = 13.08 mis
150alg
l50alg
200 a
T1 = 200· g - 'Solution:
© Tension of cable:
Tp150 150 a We
+- 1 2
. g T = 196.2 + 5a 0 Wc:afg
_ 200 a = + 150 a . Cylinders B and C have a mass of 15 kg and
200 150 T = 196.2 t 20a
g 9 . 10 kg respectively. Neglecting the mass of
pijleys and chord. · Solution:
350a =50 T T
g <D Acceleration of block 8:
Ws a
a = 1.40 m1s2 (acceleration) T2 = Ws- -
g
i ·, B,, ta2=a T2 =1-5(9.81)-1Sa
iI . ·Tension in the flexible cord:
T = 150 150 (1.4)
1
· 2T
196.2 T2 =147. 5 -15a ·
We a
+ 9.81 Tz= Wc +--
I @
T 1= 171.43 N(fle)(ible cord}
·t
Wayg
01-=tl/2
T2 = 10(9.81)
T2 =98.1+10a
g+ 10a
JXJ
applying the brakes is second.
of "d" so that the block does not tip over as it
.W Y:=90 kph
slides up the incline. The coefficient of friction
Wa/g
is 0.20.
Wa
F = 0.20 (800) = 160 N
{3)
P-F + 1000 - + -1000 a
1'.Mc=O
NA(2) + 0.4 NA(0.4) = 240(1) °+ 80 (0.8)
N1 =ug
.- 5 g 0 & 49:
1000a 2.16 NA =.304
1500 =160 + 600+g-- .· Wa { Wa } :EMA=O
NA= 140.7 N ,-(O.9) +1.8 = 6 1.2 g
·.·. .g 2 N1 (3) = W (1.5) + a{0.90)
_1000 a =740 N
g 0.9 + 1.8 = 5 ( )
F = 0.40 (140.7) 6( W a ) = w (1.5)·+ 0.90 Wa
1.6 g g
When "d" ls maximum, the block is althe'point
of tipping over abOut B. F = 56.3 N 1.8 = 4.1 ( )
: LMs= O 3.75 g = 1.5 + 0.90 g.
415-A Problem :
V2 =0 . MUj @ Velocity of skier when he has gone 20 m.
down the slope considering aerodynamic
V1 = 90 kph = 25 ffitsec. A Skier is on a 25' slope: His massis 80. kg.
1 drag force of 0.6\12.
A caris traveling on a straight level road)Jhen The kinetic coeffident of friction between his
v2 2 = v1 2- 2 as the driver perceives a hazard ahead..).fter a . .\ skis and the snowis µ, = 0.8. His velocity is F= ma
0= (25}2 - 2 (5.163} (S2} reaction time of0.50 seconds.she applies the 9m/s. 80(9.81) Sin 25·- 56.90-0.6(9)2 = 80a
S2 = 60.52 m. brakes, locking the wheels. The·coefficient of a=2.83 mfs2
kinetic friction between the tires and \ha. road · .© What is hls acceleration in the direction
is J.lk = 0.60. The caris traveling at 60 kph. · < parallel to the slope?
S= S1 +S2 . · What is his velocity when he has gone V-l- = V12+ 2a S
s = 18.75 + 60.52 © Determine the distance traved before the · 20 m. down the slope? v.;. = (9)2 + 2(2.83)(20)
8 =79.27 m . brakes are applied. . @ Deteanlne skiers velocity when he has
V2 = 13.94 mis
Determine the deceleration oY.the car. · gone 20 m.down the slopeif aerodynamic
@ 'Determine the.total distance the car travels drag exerts · a force on the skier of
before coming to resl magn tude 0.6V2, where V is the
4 15-8 Problem:
magnitude of his velocity.
Solution: The 6800 kg helicopter takes off from rest Its
© Distance traveled before the brakes are
A car witha four wheel drive weighs 15000 N Solution: rotor exerts a constant vertical thrust of
applied 88000 N.
and has wheelbase of 3 m.The e.g.is 0.90 <D Acceleration of skier parallel to the slope:
above the pavement and 1.2 m.ahead of the
S1= Vt
60000 80kg © What is the helicopters vertical
rear wheels. Compute the tracfiv force acting S1 = 3600 (0.50) acceleration?
at !.he rear wheels when t.'1e car accelerates at
S1= 8.33 m. @ How high does it rise in 2 seconds?
1/3 g m/sec2. Assume the coefficient offriction
@ If the 6800 kg helicopteris al rest at t = O,
isequal at fourwheels.
@ Decelerationof the car the pilot advances the throttle so that the
vertical thrust exerted by the helicopter .
N=W W - rotor as a function of time T 16000! in=
f ::: µN
F =µW ------
ma (N),what is the helioopters velocity at t = 6
sec.
F = ma
µW= -a
w ..
.9 Nt = 80(9.81) Cos 25·
a::: µg N Nt =711.27
a = 0.60(9.81) · Ft = µ1Nt
a = 5.89 m/s2 (deceleration) Ft = 0.08(711.27)
88000 N
@ Total distance the car travels before· F1=56.90 N
Solution: comipg to rest I'
LF=ma
LMA =O s= s, + 82 80(9.81) Sin25·- 56.90 = 80a
15 00 V22 = V12 - 2a8, Solution:
2N1(3J=15000 (1.8) + }(o.eo) a= 3.43 m1s2 <D Vertical acceleration of the helicopte1
2N1::10500
(
0= ( !) +2
2(- 5.89)81
·· Velocity of skier when he has gone 20 m. f =m a
S1 =23.58 m. · down the slope: LF = 88000 -6800(9.81}
V:z2 = V12+ 2a S I:F =21292 N
F1 =u(2N1) S =S1+ S2
v.;.= (9)2 + 2(3.43)(20} 21292 = 6800a
f1= 10500 uN s= 8.33 + 23.58
V2= 14.77mls a;r: 3.13 mfs2
S :=.31.91m.
cj
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280-C
280-B
'jPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
,_. 415·0 Problem: @ z component of the total external force
@ Hightit travels in 2 seconds. Solution:
·: The position of a 10 kg object relative to an acting on the object at t "' 10 sec.
© Velocity of the misst eat =: 3sec.
V2= V1+ a t ilertial reference frame is · Fz = • 250,000 N
V2=.0 +3.13(2}
v = (320 + 60t)i + (400:.,.12t2)j
Vx= 320 + 60t t3 . . 2
V2=6.26 mis r= +4 •30t
Vr = V12+ 2aS v.= 320 + 60(3} - 1 1J k(m) 415·E Problem:
3
(6.26)2 = 0 + 2(3.13}S Vx= 500 mis .'·© What is the x component of the total The total external force on an object.as a
external force acting on the object at function of timeis F = 101i + 6j (N). At t = O,
S= 6.26 m. · t=10 sec.
Vy = 400 -12t2· the position vector of the object relative to an
@ Whal is the y component of the total internal reference is r = 0 and the velocity is
Vy = 400 -12(3)2
Vy= 292 mis
external force acting on the ol'iacl at =
V 2j (m/s). At t = 2 sec., the magnitude of
t= 10 sec? the position vector is measured and determine
@ Velocity at t = 6 sec.
@ What is the z component of the total
F= ma
=
Vl (500)2 + (292)2
external force acting on the object at
to be lrl = 7 m.
F:: 16000t-6800(9.81) V = 579 m/s t= 10 sec? <D What is the acceleration of the object at
t= 2 sec.
F = 16000t-66708 . @ Whatis the magnitude of the total external
F = 16000(6) -66708 Solution: force of an object at t = 2 sec.
F=29292 N ·:ID x component of the total external force @ What isthe objects mass?
@ AcceleratiOn of the missile at t = 3 sec. · acting on the object at t = 10 sec.
Vx= 320 +60t
F=ma r= t3 .1+4 t1·
. 3012 k Solution:
·aX = 60 mls2
29292 = 6BOOa 3 © Acceleration of the object at t = 2 sec.
Vy= 400 -12t2 When t =O
a= 4.31 m/s2 4 2 3
ay=. 24t t • 4t • 30t Vy = 2
V= - 1+ -1- -k
V2= V1 + at ay=- 24(3) 12 2 .3 a ,2
V2 = 0 + 4.31(6)
V2 = 25.85mis
ay,; ·72 m/s2 ,s .213 . 10t4
r=V t+
y 2
a= 60 i+ -3
-1· 4k
7 = 2(2) + a (2)2
a2 = (ax)2 + (ay)2 5
2(10)3 10(10)
4 2
- (10) . •
a ---1-1---J ---k 2
a2 = (60)2 + (·72)2 a=1.5 m! s
60 3 4
415-C Problem: a • 93.72 m/s2
a= 1666.671+ 666.67j- 25000k @ Magnitude of·he totalexternal force of an
The velocity of a 1220 kg miSS1e·is measured object at t = 2 sec.
by radar from t = O to t = ·5 sec. and is f =m a
@ Magnitude of the total force acting on F = 10t i + 6j
determined to be
V = (320 + 60t)i + (400 - 12t2)j (m/s): mi5sile at t = 3 sec. F = 10 (1666.67i+ 666.67j - 25000k) = 10(2)i + 6j
F=ma F = 16666.7i+ 6666.67j- 250000k F=20i + 6j
<D What isthe velocity of the missile at t = 3
F = 1220(93.72) Fx :: 16666.7 N F= 20.BB N
sec.
@ What is the acceleration of the missile al F = 114 342 N
t = 3 sec. F= 114.34 kH ® Objects mass:
®·What is the magnitude of the total force 1.• Y component of the total external force
F=ma
acting on the missile · acting on the object at t"" 1Osec.
Fr :. 6666.7N 20.88 = m (1.5)
m = 13.92kg
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280-D
IPRINCIPLES OF 0VNAM1cs I .:· !PRINCIPLES OFDYNAMICS I
415 -F Problem: F1= µ,N 415-G Problem: Check if the block moves up:
F1= 0.40(147.15) Fx = 90 Cos 30' • 100 Sin 30'
Block A having a mass of 15 kg is placed on , A 100 lb. crate is initially stationary and is
F1=58.86 N placed along an inclined planed making an Fx= 27.94 > 26.32
top of block B having a mass of 30 kg on a
horizontal surface. The coefficients of friction ·· angle of 30· with the horizontal. The
·.coefficients of friction between the crate and
between all the surfaees are µ, = 0.40 and F1=1t1A a
µk = 0.35. 58.86= 15a
· tie indined surface.are µs = 1).2 and µt = 0.16 . Therefore the block moves up.
(D If a horizontal force F is. applied at block B, a = 3.92 m/s · © · If a horizontal force of 90 lb.is apr.!ied at
what is the largest force F that can be ' the crate, determine hew far the crate
applied without causing A to slip relative to · moves from its initial posiUori in 2 sei::. ·
N2= Nt + 30(9.81) ® What isthe acceleraUon of the block?
B?
@ What is the resulting acceleration? N2=147.15 + 30(9.81) @ If L'le.horizontal force applied to •lie crate
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
,J,IJ j
l
282
:1
w = 1800(9.81)
Solution: W = 17658 N
Acceleration of the van relative to the 40 kN 80kN
(i)
barge
w Cos e = 17658 (Cos 4._ST)
25m '· W Cos 0= 17601 N
W Sin 9 = 17658 Sin4.57'
W Sin e = 1407 N
ma = 1800 (1.852)
0/2)2 = 0/1)2 - 2aS
24000 ma = 3334 N
© Which of the following gives the
V2 = 3600
= 6.67 mis . acceleration of the car. LMA = O
(6.67)2 = O - 2(a)(25) ® Which of the following gives the normal N2 (3) • 17601(1.5) + (1407 + 3334)(0.5} = 0
force on the front wheels.
a = 0.889 mfs2 N2= 8010 N
@ Which of the following gives the minimum·
coefficient of friction needed so that motion
@ Magnitude of the net force between tires of ® Min. coefficient of friction needed for Solution
is possible.
the van·and the barge · possible motion ® Distance move by the 80 kN barge:
F =ma Solution: LFx =O F1=m1a1
F = 2000(0.889) <D Acceleration of the car F1= W Sine +ma F2 =m2 a2
F :: 1778 N F1= 1407 + 3334 = 4741 N , F1=F2
@ Time to travel from A to B Lfv =O m1a1= m2a2
25m 25 m N1-ti tfz = WCos 1:1 w1a1 _ w2a2
N1=17601·8010 g - g
N1= 9591 w101 =-w2a2
40a1 =80a2
F1= µ N1
V2 = V1 + at 4741 a1= 2a2
6.67 = 0.889t1 V = 60000 µ = 9591
t1=7.5 sec. 1 3600 JJ = 0.494 S1 =a1t2
V 1::: 16.67 mis
S2 =a2t2
V3= V2 - at2
V3 = 6.67 • 0.889t2 V22 = V12 + 2aS S1+ S2 =100 - 40
t2 = 7.5 sec. o = (16.67)2 - 2a(75) Mltj S1+ S2 = 60
a 1.852 m/sec2
1 2 1
Total time = 7.5 + 7.5 = 15 sec. Two barges one weighing 40 kNand the other 2a1t +2a2t2 =60
® Nonna! force on the front wheel .80 kN are connected by a cable in quiet water.
Initially the barges are 100 m. apart. The 2a2t2 + a2t2 = 120
3a2t2 = 120
r
Miki CEBoa..d Nii ...· apart. If the friction is negligible.
1 2 1
frictional force is e =4.57'
A 1800 kg car drives up an inclined of 8% from
rest at uniform acceleration to a velocity of 60 assumed to act at
kph after traveling 75 m. Its wheels are 3 m. the rear wheels.
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apart with its center of gravity midway of the •j Pdfbooksforum.com
I
wheels and 500 mm. from the ground. If all tan 0 = 0.08
<D Which of the following gi the distance move bythe 80 S
kN barge.
® Which of the following gives the distance move by the 2 Visit For more Pdf's Books
40 kN barge. Pdfbooksforum.com
=
@ .Find the acceleration of the 80 kN barge when it took
2
10 sec. for the two barge to travel untilthey·0 Ml rrt
apart. a
2
t
=
2
(
4
0
)
S
2
2
0
m
. !PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
@ Acceleration of the 80 kN barge:
IFh "' o
F = W Sin .9+g a Wa Solution:
a2t2 "' 40 P= + 0.3N1 + 0.3N2
40 10 3000 © Normal pressure at A
a2 = (10)2 tane= 100 P= (0.25 g) + 0.3 (N1 + N2) 3
a2"' 0.4 m/s2 e = 5.71' -9- Wa = 000(0.25g)= 750 N
g g
P.= 750 + 0.3 (3000)
F = 40(9.81) Sin 5.71'+ 40(0.1646). P=1650 N
F =45.63 N LFV = O
: @ .Normal pressures at B
N1+ N2 =3000
A 40 kg boy starts from rest at the bottom A of P= FV LMA = O
a 10% incline and increases his speed at a Wa N2 = 3000 • N1 0
p= 45.63(2.222) N2 (4)+ (3) =3000 (2) + P(4)
constant rate to 8 kph as he passes B 15 m.
along the incrine from A. P= 101.4 watts
3
. .. N2(4) + 00(0.25g)(3)= 6000 +1650(4).
LMc =O
© Detennine the acceleration from A to B.
N2=2587.5 N
'! ® Determine the time ittook the boy to move N1(4) +0.3N1(4) +0.2N2(4) + 75()(1)
from A to B.
@ Determine his power output in watts as he . ® Normal pressure at A ":: 3000(2)
approaches B. N1+ 2587.5 £3000
The coefficient of kinetic friction under the 5.2 N1 + 0.8.N2 = 5250 e
sliding supports at-A and B is 0.30. , N1=412.5 N
Solution:
© Acceleration from A to B
8000 © What force P ill give the 3000 N door a Substitute 0in 8:
V2 = J600 2.222 mis el ft ward acceleration of 0.25 g?
® What will be the normal pressureat B? 5.2 N1 + 0.8 (3000 - N1) = 5250
V22 = V12 + 2aS @ What will be the normal pressure at A?
(2.222)2 = O + 2a(15) 4.4 N1 = 2850
\ If u =0.30 at A and u = 0.20 at B.
a = 0.1646 mfs2 N1 = 647.73 N
' .· » Determine the normal pressure at A to
@ Time to move frQ!llA to B ..· give the oor a ·leftward acceleration of
V2 = V1+ <1t ;. 0.25g. , ® Norma!pi:essure at B
· ·oetermine the normal pressure at B.
2.222 = 0 + 0.16461 ·· Determine the force P. N2 = 3000 • N1 =2352.271N
t = 13.5 sec..
·(
@ Power output inwatts 0.3N 0.3N ® Force P
2m
B- .
LFh = O
30<io N Wa
P =-+ 0.3N1+0.2N2
9.
S,olution:
© Fotce P p = 750 + 0.3 (647.73) +0.2 (2352.27)
LFV = O P= 1414.8 N
N1+ N2 = 3000 N
3000 N
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·. !PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS I
IPRINCIPLES. OF DYNAMICS t
. Solution: l:MA = O
MtJI -
y -5 g
; <i> Acceleration of the frame
4.333(5) + 2.167(10-6)
0 = 31'
R..._. = 4.333 + 2.167
R=6:S lb
•.'
I.
A bar weighing 2 lb/ft is bent at right angles • 26Sin 22.62'=10" R'1i = 0.202(8.93)
into segments 26 in. and 13 in.long. It takes · '·
the position shown in the figure, when the
frame F to which ·it is pinned at A is
cq -r-- A. ll.:.P. RAn = 1.BOlb
accelerated horizontally. 12
w
26 Cos 22.62'=24
100 81
·· pressure at A. .
© Find the vertical comPonent of the pin
R1 + R2 = 120lr+ 2400
. ;.= 1000 (0.16) =160 N
pressure at A. R2= 1950N
t200 N
rMs::: O B
:EMA =O
'
920(d) = 160(90) +1000()(3) +1ooo()(90J .· 300
. ,3.0m BH (3) = 1200 (2) + 300 (1.5)
_ _J
d = 100.4 cm. (maximum) BH = 950 N
4.0m
:EMR2 =0
o & e:
12
1000 a1
760 +- -=1000.500 a1
-- 1.0 ·R1(4)+ (1)+ a(3) = 2400(2)
g g g g .
:.· + 1200 (2) + 900 (1)
1500a1=
g 240
R1(4)+ 600(1)+ 300(3)=4800.+2400+ 900
a1
- 0 16
g= . R, = 1650 N
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291
1j
!CURVILINEAR TRANSLATION)
@ x = VCos et
a = --J (ax)2 + (ay)2 .
a _!&_ e y = VSin e t- gt2
y- ctt2
dy/dt
tan 8x =dxldt d2x V2Sin2e
ax= ctt2 O H=
_ _!!X
tan 0x ,... dx·
a V2Sin 20
0x = slope of the curve path tan 0x = 6l R= -g -
Velocity is always directed tangent to the x
curved path of the motion.
tan e =!ft
ddSt = ·insta.ntaneous veIoci'ty at A wh'1ch .rs x d2x
tangent to the path at A
V = dS
dt A stone is thrown from a hill at an angle of 60"
with the horizontal at an initial velocity of 30
m/sec. After hitting level ground at the base of
the hill, the stone has covered a horizontal
distance of 150 m.How high is the hill?
.
- h = 30 Sin 60" (10) - (9.81) (10)2
t,
ax = horizontal component of the - h = 259.8 -490.5
acceleration gx2 h= 230.7m
O y = x tan 8 -
ay = vertical component of Iiiacceleration . 2 V2cos2e
:·i
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t..
·.;t .
!C • ''
Solution:
A Shelf.teves a m9r:faf with a muzzle ve.. A. projectile is fired with an initial velocity of 60 gx2
of 150 m1sec. directea upward at 60' with-'fhe mlc. upward at :m angle of 30" to the y = x tan 0 •2 y'2 cos2 0
horizontal. Detennine the position of the -shell horitontal from a point BO m. above a leVel
and its resultant velocity 20 sec. after firing. lain.Wfiat horizontal distance will it cover
p -6 = 5 5 ta 30' - 9.81 (5.5)2
How high Iit rise? . before strikes the plain? . n 2v2eos2 30·
----
...·-... ................. Solution:
i -9.175= • 19 35
lH
-r 1
y2 =21.56
V = 4.64 rrJsec.
x
c = V Cos 60'.t
x = 150 Cos so·(20) Sin 0 gx
MD Pro/Jle.m: :, ·v · " -",
:5
x :-: 1500 m. Solution: . Cos a 2 Vl Cos2e
,\
·. Vi = V12·2gh
Vsx = 150 Cos 60' = 75 m/sec. 0.001817 x2 - 0.5774 x - 80 = Cl·
; o = (V0 Sin e)2 - 2gh
VBy 2 = VAy 2 • 2gy 0.5774 ± -.J (0.5774)2.4 (0.001817) (-80)
,lt:·v
-o' Sin2e
2 .
VBy 2 = (150Sin 60')2 •2.(9.81)(636) x= 2 (0.001817) •. 2g
:-
Vsy = 66.31 m/sec. x = 422 m.
: '\
\
\\
\
l=!=
1 3 {iQ
y=23.72 m.
'.: __
''-..... ',,,
;. x =71.15 m .
2400 ml - .........._ \
Solution: Solution: v2 Sin 2 a :
gx2 a.
y = x tan e :2 va Cos2 --
3- h= 2g '.c/;;: ''"'· '\ j,;;:c //::i;£;;;t;.f:('.!i1_z::_,£__
:.--l .
s-{· 10 Sin 2 e
1 9.81 (12) 2 3S
20 =v22 (9.81)
-3 = 12 (2)· _ _ c; x =- Solution:
2 v2 (zrv 5)2 {10 v2 Sin 2 a = 392.4 1
9 - 882.9 x =0.95S y2 = 392.4 s = 2gt2
..
i . - y2 Sin2e
'/.. _ _1_ 2400 = (9.81)t2
y2 =98.1
S -{10 . gx2
I= 22.12 sec.
V = 9.90 m/sec. y = x tan 8 •2 y2 Cos2 9
y =0.316S
gx2 -23.72 = 71.15 tan e - 9.81 (71.15)2 1
x ::Vt_ +
VAx = V Cos B , y = x tan 0.2 Vo2 Cos2e 392
2( 'Cos2 e 2at2
· :·· VAx = 9.90 (21{5) Sin2el
1
a green 30 m. away. What isthe best clubto
-3o = 120 sine - 78.48 use if the initial velocity of the ball is V1=100 fps-----------. A particle has such a curvilinear motion that its
e = 23.83. 18 m/sec.? Assume that the ball stops dead 0::30' -----, x-coordinate is defined by x = 5t3 - 105t where
after striking the green, which ison the same' - --'-- ......,._. x is in inches and t in seconds . When
level as the point from which the ballis struck. t = 2 sec., the total acceleration is 75 inlsec2. If
x = V Cos e .t Assume the clubs have slopes graduated at 60 \ the y-component of acceleration is·constant
intervals of 6' so that a number 1 iron has a·
x = 30 (Cos 23.83.)(4) '
'' and the particle starts from rest at the origin
face inclined at 80'lo the ground, the number · •• :
.·..,• • 1•
when t =O.
x = 109.8 m. 2 iron at 74·,down to a number 9 iron inclined 1.- x
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velocity when t = 4 sec. A projectile . launched at A with an initial · h =78.76 m. V0 = 292.89 mis
@ Determine the total veloclly when 't = 4 velocity of 40 m/s at an angle e impacts the
sec ertical wall at 8. Neglecting air resistance. :@ Time ofimpact at B: @ Range of projectile:
t;:0.75 Sec 9 x = V0 t
Solution:
t =0.75sec 79.57' x ::292.89(8)
<!' Y-component of the acceleralioJl when
t = 4.14 sec. x = 2343.12 m.
t = 2 sec.
x = 5t3-10fii @ Launch height "h"
Vx = 15t2 -105
. h=.!g t2
a.= 30t 2
ax = 30(2) A h - 9.81@i
. A projectile is launched horizontaily at A wh a
ax = 60 i0tsec2 · _speed V<> The time flight is 8 sec. and the
- 2
:' path of the projectile at 8 isinclined at 15" with h = 313.92 m.
a = 75inlsec2
_ the horizontal.
<D Which of the following gives tbe value of e
a= V (ax)2 + (ay)2 · that will maximized the height "h". '
2
75 = "(60) + (ay)
2 @ Which of the following gives the maximum
height "h".
-----
............
ay = 45 intsec2 <ID Which of the following gives the time of
impact.at 8. A ballis shot at a groundlevel at an angle of
' 60" with the horizontal with an initial velocity of
® Vrtical component of veiocity when 100 mis.
t =4 sec.
Solution:
<D Value of 0 to maximize "h"
Vy = V0 + ayt
V Cos 9 t = x
Vy = 0 + 45(4)
40 Cos e t =::o
Vy = 180in/sec. :<D Which of the following gives the velocity at
t = 0.75
, A
Cos e
:® Which of th following gives the range "x".
@ Total velocity when t = 4 sec. t = 0.75 sec e @ Which of the following gives the launch !.D Which of the following gives the height c'
Vx = 15t2 -105 height "h". the ball after 2 sec.
ii=v Sin e t - g t2
Vx = 15(4)2 105 Whicti of the ollowing gives.the ve:or;1i,
1·
@ Velocity of stone when it strikes the · @ Velocity of the projectile when i hits the = 0.0000(200) :
Solution: ground surface.
ground. <D Coordinates of the point where
v.;= v,2 .2gh projectile hits the ground. dy =0.1fdx
cit dt
O = (23.35 Sin 30') -2(9.81) h
h= 6.95 Vy =0.12Vx
H =6.95 + 2
H = 8.95 m.
0J3Yl2 = (V2)2 + 2g H y =0.4x - O.IJ06x2
v = 100(1000)
fY3Y>2 = 0 + 2(9.81)(8.95) 3600
V)f = 13.25 mis • g x2 V =27.78mls
v.;= 01.Sin 40') -2(9.81)y
y=xtan40 .- 2v2 Cos2 8
v.;= (20 Sin 40'}-2(9.81)(6.58)
v = 23.35 Cos 30' Vy= 6.01 rills
v = 20.22 m/s 9.81x
2
v = Jrvx )2 + 01yl2
y = 0.839 x - 2(20)2 eosz 40· M2 = f"·l2 + 0Jy)2 2
27.78= (Vx J +(0.12VxJ2
V3= {13.25) 2 + (20.22)2 V2 = (20 Cos 40')2 + (6.01)2
V3 = 24.17 mis V= 16.46m!s Vx = 27.6m/ s
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302-F
! !CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
20 Solution:
tan 0 = 8.33
:_ <V Velocity V,
0 =67.4" ...........
A projectile isfired from the vertical tube ', ro meeldesign criteria.small bearings must
·mounted on the ·vehicle which is traveling at • 9.81x2 '' bounce through an opening cf Hmited size at
the constant speed of 30 kph. The projectile \
Y = x tan 67·4 - 2(21.67)2 Cos2 67.4" ' the top of their trajectory when rebound1'1g
feave.s the tube with a velocity Vr = 20 mis
• 9.81x2 from a heavy plate as shown.
relative to the tube. Neglecting air resistance. 67 4
O = x tan · - 2(21.67) 2 COs2 67.4"
<I• Calculate the angle e made by the
© Determine the distance traveled by the x = 34 n1 . rebound velocity with the horizontal.
vehicle during the flight of the projectile
@ Calculate the velocity of the balls as 1h y
where !he projectile will land on !hevehicle
nme of ftigt pass through the opening.
at the tube location.
x =Vxl @ Calculate the time the ba!i had t aveieJ
@ Determine the lime of ftight of the projectile
34 = 8.33t V0 Sin 15" = Vs Sin 12' from lhe time it bounces on the horizontal
until such time it will land back on the
vehicle at the tube location.
!•
Ve = 1.24485 V0 plane untilit passes through t he opening.
I= 4.08sec.
@ Determine the max. height that the (V8 Cos 12')2 = (V0 Cos 15')2 + 2(9.81)(0.2)
projecWe hastraveled @ Max.height traveled by the projectile (1.24485 V0 Cos 12'f = (V0 Cos 15')2 + 3.92.;
2 2
1.48271/ 0 = 0.933 V0 + 3.924
0.54969 V02 :: 3.924
V0 =2.67 mis
: ® Veiocity Va.
V8 = 1.24485 V0
Va = 1.24485(2.67)
V 6 = 3.32 mis
Solution:
Solution:· 1) Angle
1
e made by rebo,md velocity with the
Vl = V12 - 2gh horizontal
··· @ Max. height that the ball could reached
1) Distance traveled by ll]e vfcfe until the 0 = (20)2 - 2(9.81)h
projectile will land on )he·vehicle at the ,. from B Vl = V,2 - 2gh
tube locatiOI) ··' h= 20.39 m.
0 = CV Sin 9)2 - 2g(O 51
V2 Sin2 0 = g
V2 = V1 ± gt
0 = f'! Sin fl) ·9.81:
-
through the opening "- Wind x :;: 6773 "" y ..0.1578y
x = V Cos S t
Total time of flight 1- 0.1578
0.4 = 3.37 Cos 6B.2 t i= 6 l7_l(y
t = 0.32 sec. t = 2t1 2 dx dx
2(12) Cos 0 6 .7 7 3
t= - 1 = -----::: (1) - 0.1578(1)
9.81 :
: ' 2y
' .
24Cos 8 ' '
t -'-·-.:... ;;;.:_ .z y = 8.55 m. from A
t= ---..--.JC) U\--- · --
-
·- -
-l x = 6.773{8.56- 0.1578(8.56)
.t
- .
•
Angle 0 so that it returns to the point of· · Solution:
A boy throws a ball upward with a speed of x = 18.47 m. from A
V0 = 12 mis. ·The wind imparts a horizontal release _t • ..;,_;ce!eration of !he ba!i
1
acceleration of 0.4 m/s2 to the left. At what
angle 0 must the ball be thrown so that it
=
x V x t -2at2
0
o= 12 Sin e (2 ; )·t(0.40)[2 tr '•-2Bi
:.... -
1
- ,..,. .o(.'.
@ Radius of curvature at B
? 3865y·112 y' - 0 i51E' Qy
the wind does not affect the vertical motion. "
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returns to the point of release? Assume that 4 9 4 Pdfbooksforum.com 1 1 :: · dx · dx
9 9 50 = ;;'
(9.81)t2
'
i = 3.193 sec. 1 = 3.38fl5y- 112 y' - 0.1578y'
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....--·--..
.. !SOrn C :.y1 ::: 18.75
·X1 72.62 m
o = 3.38s i, t- i( ll312]- o.1s18f • Yo=68_ml..-·-- lSOm
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} Determine the range R to lht: sea level V = 3f16.2D mls J
J
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Prohle07: ·,[. 1
@ Height of the mountain above sea level Solution: h1= 2gtl
• 9.81(8000)2
© Maximum range of velocity
y = 8000 tan 45 - 2(396.2)2 Cos2 45 •
y = 80 mm x = 145 mm
,') Small steel balls fall from rest through the
opening at A at the steady rate of two per h1 21(9.81)(0.28)2
y = 4000 m
1 second. Nlecting air resistance. h1= 0.38 m
y::: 2gt2
H= 4000 + 600 (i) Determine the velocity of the lower ball
H = 4600 m when it has dropped 3 m. @ Vertical separation "11" of two consecutive
0.08 = (9.81)t2 balls
· @Determine the position of the second ball
@ Ran!;je Rlo lhe sea level t = 0.12771 when the lower ball has dropped 3 m.
Time from B to C: @ Determine the vertical separation "h• of
1 x :::.Vt two consecutive balls when the lower ball
H = 2gt2 0.145 = V{0.12771) has dropped 3 m.
t "30.62 sec.
® Minimum range of velocity rh = 3 - 0.38
x = 395.20 Cos 45' (30.62) x ::120- 35 + 10 h =2.62 m.
x = 8576 m = 8.58 km
x =95 mm
H = 6 + 8.56 = 16.58 km x = Vt
--.---·---------
1
y =2gt2 A skier leaves the 20· surface at 10 mis as
shown inthe figure.
B.d' bearing 1eave the horizontal through with
!
0.08 = {9.81)t2
(1J
Solution:
Velocity of the !ower ball when it has
:. .,,',"nty ot magnitude V and Fall through the dropped 3 m.
';' n•m diameter hole as shown. 1
t=
H = 2gt12
• Compute the maximum range of the
t = 0.12771 sec.
vek1c1ty which wm enable lhe balls to enter
the hole. 3 = (9.81)ti2
1 .· Compute the· minimum range of the
0.095 = V(0.12771) !1= 0.78 sec.
'iP.locity which will enable lhe ballslo enter
the hole. . V = 0.744 m/s
" Compute the average velocity to enable V2 "' V1 + gt1
ihe td! tc• enter the iivle.
V2 = 0 + 9.81(0.78)
@ Average velocity
t = 0.12771 sec.
V1"7.65 mis
© Determine the distance •d• to the point
x = 120 mm where·he lands.
, Position 2nd ball when the lower ball has
0.120 = V(0.12771) ® Compute the magnitude of !he-component
dropped3 m. of the velocity parallel to the 45·surface
V = 0.940 mis 1 just before he lands.
Time traveled by the 2nd ball= 0.78 - 2
@ Compute the magnitude of the velocity
Vy 1 = Vy-gl
Vy1 =· 3.42 -9.811 mis .·······•····•··
. 1 '
- y = Vyt - 2gt'
. - 9.82112
- y-- - 3421
-19.l mis V=21.3 mis Solution:
- y = - 3.42t -4.90512,
© Velocity of rebound at A
x = y - 3. _ ,: ,.
y=x+3 Vz
x = Vxl
x = 9.40t
•y = - 3.42t • 4.90St2
- (x + 3) = - 3.42t -4.90st2
- 9.40t- 3 = - 3.42t -.4.905t2
,2 _ '1.219t - 0.61162 = 0
I = 1.60 sec. V=21.3mls
tan 8 =.!!!
9.40
x = 9.4t
e = 63.80· tan20· =
x = 9.4(1.6)
x = 15.04 m. y = 1.092 m.
v45·= 21.3 Cos 18.8°
V45·= 20.2 mis
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314-A
!CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI ._ICVRVIUNEAR TRANSLATIONI
I dV
0 8.829 • 3.02V
= fdt
0 ·@ Acceleration when the ball has
dV
di
6
-= 10 + 2t - - t2 =0
25
s =- ..1.
2
t3 + 612 + 41
let U = 8.829 - 3.02V traveled 50 ft. 6 1
Note: e-3.02(20J
- t" - 21· 10 = O v = --3 t2 + 12l + 4
dU = -3.02 dV 25 2
dU e-liO· =O 12 - 8331-41.67 =0 dV =·31+12=0
f u=lnU
1= 8.33± 15.36 = t1.BS sec.
di
_1 _ I - 3.02d'{ = di
-3.02 0 8.829 - 3.02V
i 50
S= -= 15.24m.
3.28
@
2
Max. velocity: @
t = 4 sec.
Maximum velocity during this interval of
0 S = 2.9241+-0.9682 e-3.02! lime:
1 2 3
--(In (8.829 - 3.02V)f = l _ 15.24 = 2.9241+0.9682 e-3.03. V =10t + t • t 3 2
- 3.02 0 1S:24='2.924t+O 25 V = - 2 t + 12t +4
2 3
Solution:
s = 11228 + 0 --0.9662 dS = 38 fps
© Nonna! acceleration
S= 11227 m. · dl tan 0 = 0.75
S = 11.227 km. (clepthof Marianas Ti V = 38 fps e = 36.BT
V= 12t 2 -10
dV an = ay Cos e - Bx Sin e
@ Balls velocity just before it reaches lhe -= 24t
dt a0 = 10 Cos 36.87' •6 Sin 36.87'
bottom:
dV a0 = 4.4 mis2
.. f: _'- <: .,,_ ,_,: V = 2.9240 (1 - e·3·021 ) d t = 24(2) = 48 fps2
V ::: 2.92.40 [1- e·302(l8'\lll @ Total acceleration
a1= 48 fp2
dV
v = 2.9240 (1 - 0) a =-
v2
--- =a
. di ® Nonna! acceleration n r
dV ' (8.829 - 3.02V) dt V = 2.9240 m/ s v2 2
v .. .t an =( a = ...J (ax) +{al
J o:
8829 - 3.0!V
-f dt @ Velocity 30 minutes before it reaches - {38)2 a = .Y {6)2 + (10)2
0 0 bo<m an - 20 a = 11.66 m/s2
Lat U = 8.829 - 3.02V t = 64 - JC an = 72.2 fps2 @ Tangential acceleration
dU = - 3.02 dV != 34 min.
Total accelration a .::: ..J {an)2 + {C\)2
·31 [In (8.829 - 3.02V)]v =[t]0 1 t= 34(60}
02 0 t= 2040 sec. a = .Y (an)2 + (C\)2 11.66 :: "(4.4)2 + (91)2
a = .Y(72.2}2 + {48 = 86.7fps2 a1 = 10.8 m/s2
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:.!CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
@UR-iLINEAR TRANSLATIONI
' Normal acceleration nf the pllrticle after
© Compute the nonnal acceleration at the ® X-eomponent of acceleration at the end ri 2sec. ay = 1.8 -0.361
end of3 sec. tN
® Compute the x-component of acceleration . 3 sec. d i= 12t ay - dt
ax = a1Sin 0 + <tri Cos 0
r
at the end of 3 sec. ai = 1 '12
@ Compute the y-component of acceleration
at the end of 3 see. at
dV
=dt 8t = 12(2)2
ai= 48_
. 0
(1.8 0.36t}dt = ty
0
dVy
fo r
Vx dVx::: 0.6t di
_ ayVx ·Vil,
an- V . .:
Solution: Jo ·
<D Velocity of the particle after 2 sec. - 0.6t2 0.36(4.81) .4.32(2.4)
v2 Vx - 2 an 6.46
an = r S = t4 - 8t
vx ;:: 0.3t2 a0 = • 1.34 ml
v ==4t3.
(80)2 4t3. 8
an = .400 8 V1== 4.0.3(4)2
V 81
1 mis
an = 16fps2 Visit For more Pdf's Books
V = 4(2)3 - 8 = 24fps
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dV
@ Determine the magnitude of its
CD Compute the velocity of the point at: 2V d t = 128t + 36t3
acceleration at t = 10sec.
t = 3 sec. dV Solution:
Solution: ® Compute the tangential component of the. dt = a1 © Velocity of the boy at the bottQm
acceleration of the point at t = 3 sec. ·
CD Velocity of the motcycle at t = 10sec. @ Conipute the instantaneous radius of
2V a1 = 128t + 3613 v :::: --./2(32.2)(20 - y)
at = 2 + 0.21 2(36.12)a1 = 128(3) + 36(3)3
r!V curvature of the path of the point at v:::: -.J 2(32.2)(20 - 0)
·•.it=·at t =3 sec. a1 :::: 16.77 mfs2 (tangential acceleration) V =35.89 fps
j dV =
0
r. (2 + 0.2!)dt
01
Solution:
CD Velocity of the point alt = 3 sec.
·@ Instantaneous radius of curvature of the
path.at t = 3 sec.
<V Instantaneous radius of cUfVature 1)f the
when the ooy is at the bottom
0.2:2 x = 20 + 4t2 - (1 +'{y')2]312
a = -../ (an)2 + (q)2
V = 2t + 2-- dx = Bt r- y"
V = 2(10} + 0.1(10)2
di =
19.70 -../,..(..a.n)2 +-(1B.77f
y::: 0.03x2
Vx :::: Bl
V = 30 mis an = 5.98 m/s2 y' = 0.06x
Vx = 6(3) = 24 mis
y" = 0.06
@ Distance !he motorcycle has moved aiong y = 10 -13 y2 y' = 0.06(0)
! •
the circular track at t = 10 sec. 1i'.= • 312 an = 7 y'• 0
dS = V dt
dt Vy =- 312 5.98 = (36.12)2
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dS Pdfbooksforum.com r
di- = 21+0.112 Vy =- 3(3)2 r = u.Jd
Vy = - 27 m/s r = 218.2 m.
r = 16.67 fl.
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3 23
ICURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI '
,,. [cu1V.L1NEAR TRANSLATIONI
@ Normal cO.rnponent of his acceleration Whent=O V=O C1 =O
when he reaches the bottom t =O S=O =O
v2 (V120)2 = (58.67)2 + 2(7.82)(120)
an =r- s -+ 0.1t3 V120 = 72.93 fps
-2 3
_ (35.89i
an - 16.67
v =t + 0.112
an = 77.3 rps2 At pointB:
s = 200 + !t( ) . Solt1tlon:
© Total time of travel from A to B
S = 278.54 m.
MUI t2 0.1t3
S =2+- 3- VA == 58.67 fps
the right. The tangential component of the cars S -80 120(30}1t 100(30 + 80 a = '\/ (44.32)2 + (7.82f
acceleration is a1= 1+ 0.21mls2. Solving for t (trial and error) AB - + 180 + 180 a = 45 fps2
t = 16.33 sec. SAS = 275.19ft.
dV
v8 = t +o.112 @ Acceleration when it !ravels 160 rt. from A
<D Compute the velocity of the car when it
reaches point B.
Va = 16.33 + 9.1(16.33)2
Ve = 43 rrJs
J:
st=dl
f.
CV160)
2 2
CV100) = r-iAJ + 2aiS
Normal acceleration at B
-
Sn - 100
@ dS
YB: Ve =dt an= 59.44 fps
Sn= r dS: Vedt
275.19
Solution:
.
+ (59.44)2 ·
<D Velocity of the car at B an = 36.98mls2- 0 . 0 ·a = .../ (7.82)2
a = 59.96 rps2
a1 =·1 + 0.2t mfs2 275.19 = VAt +
2
dV
a1=dt 275.19 = 58.671.... (29.33)t .
t r.
0
oV =
0
(1 + o.2t)di A car increases its speeo at a constant rate of ·
40 mph at A to 60 mph at B.
t= 3.75sec.
Solution:
Solution:
4 Cos1t t- 2
x = 2-Cos 7t t
@ Velocity When t = 1sec.
dx _ (2- Cosn)(- 4 Sin 1t}7t
• Ci> Magnitude of the acceleration if
V = 1.2 s (const)
*tu
dt (2-Co57t)2 A race driver traveling at a speed ci 250 kph
3 Sin 1t t
y =2- COS 7t l
71
brakes, causing the automobile to slow down 0.8(9.81) - 85
at a constant rate.After 8 sec. the speed lias @ Magnitude of fotalacceleration of<:ar at B
been reduced to 75 kph. 0 = 49.65' .
tane VA = 25.83 mis
an = r
Yi
<D Determine the normal acceleration of the Maic. speed of car using path BB - (10.58)2
automobile immediately after the brakes an - 60
have been applied. 0.8g =
re an = 1.17 mJs2
@ Determine the acceleration of the
automobile after the brakes have been r=-- 0.6 mis
applied. · 0.8(9.81) - 200
. .
@ Determine the direction of the resultant The figure shows two possible paths V8 = 39.62 mis a.= .../ (arJ2 + ()2
acceleration with the horizontal.
negotiating an unbalanced tum on a •
portion of a race course. Path AA foll0¥.1. a = --J (1.87 +( 0.6)2
Solution: center line of the road and has a radius a= t96 mfs2
© Normal acceleration curvature rA = 85 m.while path BB uses .
width of the road to good advantage '
. · +,.
c
.. V1=100 kph · increasing the· radius of curvature
i·:
y 100000 r8 = 200 m.If the drivers limit their speeds' :· A car travels along thelevel CUNed road with a Problem:
V1 = 3600 = 27.8 mis :· speed thatis decreasingat the constant rate of "' '
their
doescurves so that
not exceed 0.8g.the lateral accel , 0.6 mis each second.The speed of the car as
. "It passes point A is 16 m s. Radius of The speed of a car increases unifoonly with
Immediately after the brakes were applied, time from 50 kph at A to 100 kph at B during
the speed is still 27.8 m. :curvature of the road at Bis 60 m.
<D Determine the maximum speed of the • 10 sec. The radius of curvature of the hump at
v2 using path AA.
'. .a> Compute the velocity of the car at point B A is 40 m. If the magnitude <:>f the total
Bri= 7 ® Determine the maximum speed of the" '; ,which is 120 m.along the road frQm A. · acceleration of the. car's·ma center is the
(27.8f usingpath BB. ' · Compute the time of travel of the car from same at B as A. ·
an= 750 ' ._ . Alo B.
'" ® Compute- the magnitude ·of the total <D Compute the tangential aoceleration at A.
8n = 1:03 m/s2
· acceleration of the car as itpasses pOint B ® Compute the totalaoceleratioo at A..
which is 120 m. along the road from A. @ Compute the radius of eurvature-0f the dip
® Acceleration of the automobile after the in the road B. The mass -OEmter of the car
brakes were·app)ied is 0.6 m. from the roi!d. ·
V2 = V1 +ait
v2 = 1 = 20.8 nvs
:
20.8 =(27.8)·+ a1(8)
a,:;:. 0.875 mls 2
. · Solution:
a = .../ (aJ2 + (81>2 :<D Velocity of the car at B Solution:
a = (1.03)2 + ( 0.875)2 ·Va2 =VA2 -2atS
<D Tangentialaeceleration at A
··-soooo
a = 1.35 m/s2 Va2 = (16)2 - 2(0.6)(120) VA = 3600
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V8 = 10.58 mis VA = 13.89 mis
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. Va = VA +a,t
acceleratiocrlJt thein1lecti0n point B.
@ Which of the following gives the
acceleration at C•
Sx = J 0
0.4ot2 dt
3 10
@ Radius of curvature at B =V
i
50000' dt Y· l
a;,, 4.95m/s2 Ve= 3600 'The·e.xpressions below are the components of
.lhe aleration from t = 0 to t = 10 seconds. 10
.)
I
an 4.75 m/s22
= Ve = 13.89 mis J (2t •0.15t2)dt
at = 1.389 m/s ·ax = 1.8 t = 2 - 0.3t az = i; Sy = 'i
ay .0 ;
. 10
.vc2 = VA2 + 2at s
a _ ...Yi... (13.89)2 = (27.78'f + 2at (150) .·Q> Find the total distance traveled, S after Sy - r212_
2
0.1st3]
3
t = 10 sec.
0
" - (rs·0.6) at =• 1.93 m/s2 :?J Find the velocity, V at t = 10·sec.
.'" Find the resultant acceleration when Sy = 100- 0.110)3
4 75 = (27.78)2
t = 10 sec.
· (rs·0.6) a2 = an2 +a12 Sy=50 m
rs= 163.07 m. (3}2 = an2 + (-1.93)2'
Solution:
az =5
=
an 2.30 m/s2 · Distance traveled after t = 10 sec::
· -5
ax = 0.801 dt -
v2 m I.
di .= o.80t
an=r
.2 30= (27.78)2
I Vz •J0 5dt
To anticipate the dip and hump inthe road; the . r Vx =J 0.80tdt
driver of'a car applies her brakes o produce a Vz = St
r = 335.53m. 0
uniform deceleration. Her speed is 100 kph at . t
the bottom A of the dipand 50 kph at the top C Vx = 0.2 ] dt =Vz
of the hump, which is 120 rri. along the road
® Acceleration
a =0 at B:
10
0
0
from A. If the passengers experience a total
acceleration of 3 m/s2 at A and if the radius of
curvature of the hump at C is 150 m.
a = at
a =• 1.93 m.'2
, Vx= 0.40t2
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S.z = J 0
5tdt
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tx d Vx =laxdt
Vz =[st] ·
@ Acceleration at t = 10 sec.
0 ax = 0.6t
Vz = 5(10) 0 0 Bx = 0.6(10)
S = ...j (SJ2 + (Sy)2 +(Sz)2 Vz = 50 rrJs ax =6 m/s2
--0.6t2
2
s= --./ (133.33)2+ (50)2 + (250)2 . Vx
S= 287.71 m
'1
V = p./J2 +(Vy)2 + 0fz)2
v.= 0;3t2 ay- di
@ Velocity alt = 10sec: v ="'(40)2 + (5)2 + (50 o.3t2 == ay = 1.8 - 0.36t
ax-=--0.81
d =0.8t
V =64.23 m/s f =l
0
dx 0.3t2dt
0
ay = - 1.8 mfs2
Vy = f 10
(2 - 0.3t)dl
f r.
0
dy =
0
(1-.8;. 0.1812)dt © Determine the value of x when t = 4.sec.
® Determine the value of y when t = 4 sec.
0 @ Determine the valueof z when t = 4 sec.
During a test flight in which a helicopter sta
2 10
from rest at t = 0 at the origin of the coordi y = 1.81 -0.1813]10
2
When t = 2 seconds
Vx = J 3 t=t3 + C1 1
ax =O
x = 4 (3) 4 + 3(3) + 5 = 34.W ay= 6(2) = 12
At t= O
Vy = - 4 =Ct :.Ct =4
I
Vy_= 6t dt=3t2 + C2
y= (3)3 - 2(3).+ 1 = 22
az = 4
z = -10 = C2 :.C2= - 10
Vy = 3(3)2 - 2 = 25 m/s Solution: <D Compute the tangential acceleration of the
Vz = 0 car after it has !raveled 100 m. along !he
<D Magnitude of the velocity at t = 2 sec. curve.
:. z=- 3t2 - 10 dx
:. V =·30i + 25j (mis) Vx =df =2 @ Compute the normal acceleration of ·the
car after it has traveled 100 m. along !he
When t = 4 seconds 2 curve. ,
z =- 3(4)2 - 10= - 58 m
® Position vector at t = 3 sec. Vy "' • 31 -3
@ Compute the magnitude of the total
dz acceleration of the car after it has traveled
Note: V = S =JV dt Vz = dt = 4! 100 m. along the curve.
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ICURVIUNEAR TRANSLATIONI !CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
© Tta.'lgef\tial. acceleration after it has 488-A CE Board May 2009 4888 Problem:
traveled 100 m. along the cur.iu dr d8
A boat searching for underwater archaelogical V = -e +r -e9
V22 v,2+ 2st$ sites in Palawan sea moves at 4 knots and dt r dt A power boat tested for maneuverability is .
follows the path r = 10 8 where 8 is in radians.. started from rest at t = 0, and dnven in a
90000 dr = 10 d0
v, = 3600 circular path 12 m. in radius. The tangential
A knot is one nautical mile gr 1852 m/hour. dt dt component ·of the boars acceleration as a
When 8 = 21t radians. function of time is at = 0.4t m/s2.
V1= 25m/s := 10(0. 324)
126000 © Findthe magnitude of the velocity. CD Whai is the boats velocity in terms .of
V2=3000 ® Find the . velocity in terms of polar dr = 0.32. normal and tangential ciJmponents at
coordinates. di t= 4 sec?
V2=35 mis
@ Find the velocity in terms of Cartesian @ What is the boats acceleration in terms of
v2 = v1 +2aiS coordinates. V = 0.324 er + 62.83(0.0324) e9 nomial and tangential components at
Solution: V = 0.324 e,+ 2.03 e9
What distance does the boat move along
2 2 t= 4 sec.?
@
(35 = (25)2 + 2a150) .<D Velocity of the boat- its circi.1lar path from t = O to I= 4 sec?
a1= 2mls2 V = 1852(4)
3600 @ Velocity of the boat in terms of Cartesian
V = 2.06 ml coordinates.
Solution:·
® Velocity of the boat in terms of polar y CD Velocity in terms of normal and tangential
@ Normal acceleration. of the par after it has
coordinates: components at I=4 sec.
traveled 100 m. along the C\lf\'6
V =Vr er + V9 e9
v2 = (25)2 + 2(2}(100)
dr
V= -e +r -e
d9 V = V,e
v2 = 1025 dt r dt 8
v2 r=100
11n =7 dr =10 d8
·1025 dt dt
an = 250
When 8 =27t
en= 4.1m!s2 Vx = V,Cos 9 - V0 Sin 9
r = 10(2) 7t
r = 207t Vx = 0.324 Cos 2it - 2.03 Sin 2it a 0.41
1
r =62.83m. Vx = 0.324 + 0 v2
9 = 27t a =
@ Magnitude of the total acceleration after it v = o.324 n r
has traveled 100 m.along the curve
V
a = (arJ2 + (a2
V=
dr
-e
+r
d0
-e 9 v, --0.41
\I
-
2
dt r d0 dt d8 Vy = V,Sin 0+ V9 Cos e ·2
a = "(4.1)2 + (2)2 2.06 = 10 er + 62.83 e Vy = 0.324 Sin2it + 0.203 Cos 2it v, = 0.2t2
- - 8
dt 2 dt 2
a = 4.56 mis% Vy = 0 + 0.203
(2.06)2 =(10 de ) + [62.83(d9)] Vy = 0.203 Wlien t = 4 sec.
dt dt
2 2
4.24 = 100 (de ) + 3947.61 ( d9 ) . V1= 0.2(4)2
dt . dt V = Vx i+ Vy j Vt = 3.2
de =0.0324 v = 0.324 i + 0.203 j Vt = 3.2 e1mis
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.ICURVIUNEAR TRANILATIONj· ICURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
® pjstance !he boat move along its Circular 488-C Problem: 488-D Problem:
a = a1 e1+'an en '·
path from t = o tO I = 4 sec. 0= 2 t2 The airplane's velocity_ of constant magnitude
The central angle between points 0 and P is
equal to e = 212 rad for a circular path haVing a·. de IVI = 130 mis. The rate of change of the path
-=4t angle e is constant and equal to 5' per sec.
radius of 4 m. cit
<D What is the velocity' of point p.Jn terms of = 4t <D What is the airplane's velocity in tenns of
normal and tangential components if e is
{J)
nonnal and tangential components at · V = rro
t = 1 sec if itstarted alt = 0 at point 0. · measured counterclockwise ·from the
® What is the acceleration of point P in· v = 4(4) t horizontal.
@ What is the airplane's acceleration in
tenns of normal and tangential dV
components at t = 1sec. ai = tenns of normal and tangential
dt components?
@ What distance along the circular patti does
a1 = 0.4t a; = 0.4(4) a
point P move from t= fu t = 1sec? a1= 16 ® Whal is the instantaneous radius of
v2 v2 curvature of the airplane's path?
an = - a1 =1.6 Solution: a =-
r n r
2 <D Velocity of point P in terms of normal and Solution:
V "' 4(4} t
an --(3.2)
- 12- tangential components. · <D Airplane's velocity in terms of normal and
v; 4(4}(1) tangential components:
an =0.853
0 = 212 v "' 1s
a-
v2.
,,=at et +an en d9 = 4t
a = 1.6e1 +0.85en dt n- ""7'"
- (1.6}2
co = 41 a - --
n 4
@ path fromthe
Distance =
t boat
0 to tmove along its circular ·
'i' 4 sec. a =64
V = r co
= a,e1 + an en
0
a
V= 4(4)t V = 130e1mls
a = 16 e1+ 64 en
v = 4(4)(1)
CV Airplane's acceleration in terms of normal
V = 16
@ Distance along the circular path that point and tangenUal components.
V= 16 e1 dV
P moves from t "' O to t = 1 sec. a1= -
® Acceleration of point P in tenns pf normal d!
at = 0.4t p a1= 0
and tangential components.
v = 0.4t2 ao = r ())2
t 2 s V = r CQ
Vt = 0.2t2_ an = V ui
dfl
ui= -
3
s= 0.2t '
s di
S=ra
3
s= 4(2) 12 ui= :>· n:
s = 0.2(4)3 180
3 s= 4(2)(1)2
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S = 4.27 m. Pdfbooksforum.com
S= B m.
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tCURVIUNEAR TRANSLATIONI !CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
"
).
a.. = V <:> @ Velocity of P interms of polar coordinates ·
at I= 1 sec. d0 =2t· 1 Solution:
an := 130(0.0873) dt
dr d0 <D Velocity of Pwhen r = 2 m.
an= 11.34 mis dt
V = e, + r dt e0
de =2(1) -1
r =t3 -41 dt
y
a = at et + an en d0 = 1
dr =312 .4
a = 11.:U en cit dt
d2 T
dr = 3(1)2 - 4 =!1
-=2
@ Instantaneous radius of curvature: dt dt2 .
an = -
v2
r ·0 =12 t a ·= -r (d0)2
d0 .:: 21. 1 r dt2 dt
11.34 = (130)2
d0
cit
.
ar = 6•( 3)(1)
2
488-G Pr oblem:
A point P moves along a path desi:ribed by tile
@ Polar components of the velocity ·of P at
t= 1sec..
f...! =2ea de
dt2 dt
8 r=e8 .'
equation. _T = e where 0is in radians. The ,
'
d2 r =2ee (2)"
·d9 dr d0
angular velocity -=2 rad/sec and 9= O at -=e0 - dt2
dt dt dt 2
t= 0. d r
dr =ea (2) · -=4e9
<D Determine the position of P at t = 1sec. dt . dt2
® What are the polar.components of the 'dr d2 r _ 2
velocity of Pat I= 1sec. -=2e9 --4 e
@ What are the polar components of the dt dt2
acceleration of P at t = 1sec.
=2e(2l d2 r
dt ·-=29.56
dt2 .
a = -r (d9)2 Solution:
r dt2 . dt . dr = 14.78 de ,.
dt 2
2
<D Position of P at t = 1sec. .dt
ar = 0-2(2)
2 =-8
d 9 dr d9 d0 =2 dr d0 d2 9
V =- e + r- ee
- - -=0
a9 =r -+2 - • - d! at r di df2 .
dt2 cit cit
0=2t V = 14.78er + 7.39{2) e0
39 =2(0) + 2(4)(2) = 16
0= 2(1) = 2 v = 14.78 e,+14.78 e9
a = - r(d0)2
a=ar e, +a8 e9 0=2 radians
r dt2 cit
a=·Be, +1669 @ Polar components of the acceleration of P ·i
=
@ Acceleration in cartes1an coordinats:
0 = 2(180)
at t ·1 sec.
a= a, er +a8 e9
ar =29.56 - 7.39(2)
ar =O
2
l
·,j
G9 = 16
7t
d2 9 dr d0
l
0= 114.59' a = r -+2 -• - ·!
2 9
dt2 di dt
r.= e8 a= -r (d0)
r dt2 di
r=.e2 39 = 7.39(0) + 2(14.78)(2)
488-H Problem: @ Velocity of P in terms of polar coordinates cartesian compo"Bnts of the velocity of P
alt = 0.8sec. at t= 0.8sec. Solution:
A point Ptraverses the path described by <D Position or A at t = 1 sec.
r.= 1- 0.5 Cos 2x t (m) and V =Vr er +Va ea
r= 1+ 0.212
0= 0.5 - 0.2 Sin 2n I(rad) dr
V= -e r = 1+ 0.2 (1)2
dt r
© Determine the position of P at t = 0.8 sec. r = 1.2
r= 1-0.SCos 21t t
@ Determine the velocity of P in terms of 0 = 2t
polar coordinates at t !:: 0.8 sec. dr =- 0:5 (-Sin2 t) (2it) 0 = 2(1}
@ Determine the Cartesian components of cit .
the velocitY of P at t = 0.8'sec. = 2(180)
dr = 3.1416 Sin 21t t 0
dt
Solution: dr = 3.1416 Sin ·21t (O.S)(180) 0= 114.59"
© Position of Pat t = O.!lsec. dt 1t
dr · Vx = Vr Cos 0-V9 Sin9 Posiliori of A (1.2, 114.59J
y - =- 2.99
dt Vx = - 2.99 Cos 39_5·-{·0.328) Sin 39.5'
@ Velocity of A in terms of Polar Coordinates
Vx = • 2.09 mis .
V = dr att = 1sec.
r dt V =Vr er +V6 e0
vr =- 2.99 Vy= Vr Sin 0+ V9 Cos e ·
Vy=· 2.99 Sin 39.5° + (-0.328) Cos 39.5" dr d0
de V = -e +r -e8
Va =r dt di dt
r = 1- 0.5 Cos 2n: t Vy= - 2.15 mis
r = 1-0.5 Cos 2n (0.8) e = o.s- 0.2 Sin2it t r=1+0.2!2
de ·
r =.1 - 0,5 Cos 5.0265 d t = - 02 Cos (t)(21t) V := \Ix i+ Vyj
v·= - 2.09i- 2.1s1
dr
dt
= 0.4(t)
r = 1_ O.S Cos 5.0265 (180) de = - 12566 cos 2it (0.8)(180).
7t dr :! 0.4(1)
cit 1t
r = 0.8455 dt
de =- 1.2566 Cos 288'
0 = 0.5 - 0.2 Sin 2n I(rad) cit9 488-1 Problem: dr = 0.4
dt
0= 0.5- 0.2 Sin 2n: (0.8) d =- 0.388
cit The polar coordinates of the path of point A as
0 =0.5 - o.'2 Sin 2n (0.8) 180 a function of time are r = 1 + o.2t2 (m) and
0= 2t (rad). 0 =,2t
de
0='0.69 rad Va =r -
. cit CD Determine the position of A at t = 1sec.
® Determine the velocity of A in tarms of de = 2
= o.69(180) Va =0.8455(-0.388) dt
0 .Polar Coordinates at t = 1sec.
1t V0 =-0.328 @ Determine the acceleration of Ainterms of V= Vr er + V8 e9
0= 39.5' Polar Coordinates att = 1sec.
V = Vr er + V0.e0 V =0.4 er +'1.2(2}e9
osition of Pat t= 0.8sec. V = 0.4 e,+2.4 9e
V ::: •2.99 e, - 0.328.ea m I s
P (0:8455, 39.SJ
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d2 e dr dB dt r . dt a a = 0.8 er + 0.8 e0 d2 0 dr d6
a8 =r -+2 -•- a9 =r -'1- 2 - • -
dt2 dt di r=0.1'0 2
a = J(0.8) + (-0.8)
2 dl2 di dt
r =400
a0 = 1.2(0) + 2(0.4)(2) dr = 0.1 d0 a=1.13 m! s
2
d2 r
a·= -+rro
2 the vertical required to complete one
revolution.
!
Cos2 0 + 1.335 Cos 8 - 1= 0
¢
dt2
r
a, = o- r (:) 2 ® Determine the to
chord required tension in one
compl te 3 supporting
revolution. Cos 0 = 0.5348
0 = 57.6' 2··
j.I
I
a, -
_ r (2t + 0.1t2)2
r
2
a = -(2t+0.1t2)2
@ Determine the period or time required kl
complete one- revolution. Tension in the supporting hord required
for one complete revnll tion
W = T Cos B
l
w l
2'
l
w
r r 100 = T Cos 57.6"
T = 186.6 lb.
2 =(ae)2 +(ai)2
(6)2 = (2 + 01l)2 + [- (2t + 0.1t2)2
r
r ® Period required for one rev•..uuon
t=v
s (
.·i
.36 = (2 + 0.2!)2 + [(2t + 0.1t2)2 ]2 · 2w
(400) t =v-
=
Try t 12.36sec. ,
2
w::1001b
V2 =·gr tan 0
36 = [2+0.2(12.36)]2+[ (2)(12.36)+0.1(12.36) ]
(400)2 V =..../gr tan 0
36 ::: 20+16
36 =36 ok 1= 2rcr
TllTle to spin out is 12.36 sec. ..../gr tan e
® Velocity at spinout:
v = 2t + 0.1t2
v = 2 (12.36) + 0.1{12.36)2
\[
V= 4Qm/s
Solution: t = 2rc·
® Tangential acceleration atspin out: © Inclination of the chord with the' vertical
\{gr;:9 .
ai =·2 + 0.2t requireq tOr o:ie re\tolution
a1= 2 + 0.2(12.36) .wv2 1a s.in e
12
at= 4.47 m1s2
tan e= t
v2
t = 27t
32.2 tan 0
KINETICS OF CU RVILIN EAR tan e=- t = 2rc 0.04658 Cos 57.6' Solution:.
T RANSLATIO N, gr t = 0.993 sec.
. ·.D mic E u ·nb iu ·,., r=18 Sin 9 2 lan 30' =
ta 0
= (8.03) v2
n 32.2 {18)
12
Sin e
tan 30' =
gr
h shown in the figure, a bob of weight r = 3.5
W = 100 lbfa moving with a constant velocity Sine 1.335 A rod 4 ft. long rotates in a horizontal plane
of V = 8.03 fps ina horizontal plane at the end Cos e = Sin 9 · about a verti Iaxis through its center. At each
of a chord of length L = 18 in. Because the Sin2 e = 1.335 Cos e end of the rod is fastened a chord 3 ft. long.
. v2
Each chord supports a weight W. Compute the tan 30 = 32.2(3.5)
siring generates a cone while in motion. the Sin2 9 + Cos2 e := 1
system is called a conical pendulum. speed of rotation n in rpm to inclined each cord V = 8.07 fps
at 30·
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!CURVILINEAR TRuSLATIONI
12> Force on the conical shell 4'> What is the bearing reaction on the pivot
<D Findthe tension in the chord.
an instant after being released from the
IZI Findthe f0rce
on the conical shell.
. given position?
ai At what speed inrpm will the force on the
IZI What is the bearing reaction just before
*All shell become zero?
impact at B if the velocity of the hammer is
then 5.9fps?
A weight concentrated at the end of a cord
period
fonns a conical pendulum for which the
is 1sec. Determine the velocity V ofthe weight
ifthe chord rotates inclined at 30' with the
vertical.
Solution: W=20lb.
s
t =v VN2
I = 21tr ' -._ R = gr-sin so·-W Sin 30·
v 2
---------------- 20 1
(6(2)) s·in so·- 20 sin 30·
tan 30'= V2 Solution: R-- 32
gr Solution:
<» Tensionin the chord
R = 59.3 lb. U) ReacUon on the pivot after being released
v·= ·°'.f gr tan 9 r = 4 Sin.30'
from the given position
2w r=2'
t ====- 21t
w = n/ = 8rad/sec 12> Speed so that the force on the shell
\1gr tan 0 w 4 become zero
v = f(I) 2
"\Jcg;;;-e-
t = 21t V = 2(8) R = VN Sin60' -W Sin30•
V = 16fps gr
20
0= (V2s· 60' 20 s·
1n 30·
1 211 32 2 ) in -
= '132.2 n30'
V =6.08 fps
0.1 9= w T=74.36 lb.
r V=roo
0.025281 = 18.59
6.08 = 200
.r= 0.47 ft.
I
TCos 30" = W
·········
' ·r · ro = 3.04 rad/sec. =
T
V = "'.fgrtan 9 · I ;(l) =
3.04(60)
27C
Cos 30"
T = 74.36 lb.
V = -../ 32.2(0.47) ,tan 30' w = 29 rpm
V = 2.96 fps w
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\CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
!CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
When y = 4
Reaction on the pivot just beforeimpact at 4x xZ
B '·.::. 10·100
The figure represents a schematic diagram of
16.1 rfil 400 =40x -x2
23.09 + T2 Sin 30' =-- x2 -40x + 400 = 0
a Porter governor.Each tlyball weigh j6 .1lb. 9
and the central weight D is 40 lb. Determine 11.545 + 0.5 T2 =0.5r!Jil x = 20 ·
the rotational speed in rpm about the verticat·' y'= 0.4 - 0.02{20)
axis AD at which the wight D begins to rise. =
T2 Cos 30" T1 Cos30' + 16.1
y' = O
0.866 T2 = 23.09 Cos 30' + 16.1 y" = - 0.02
B T2= 41.68
11.545 + 0.5(41.68) = 0.5rfil - (1 + (y'}2]3Q
r
- y•
W Al r =·12" Sin 30' = 6"
r = 0.5'
•- (1 + jl))J312
• - -0.02
T1 = W +WI.fl. Wlgr T:::81.8 lb. 11.545 + 0.5(41.68) = 0.5(0.5)ro2 r = - 50 ·
gr
644 5 ro = 11.36 rad/sec. Use r::50 (absolute value)
T -64 4 · ( .Sl 2 -81 8 lb ,
1- . + 32.2(4) - . . - 11.36(60) Pressure on the wheels of the car
(J) - 21t
W= 3220
ro = 109 rpm
Mkll
To check the radius of a railroad curve, the MkJj ,
..
effect of a 20 lb.weight is observed to be 20.7
lb. on a spring caie suspended from the roof L.:J40 lb The segment of the road passing over the
of an experimental car rounding the curve at crest of a hillis defined by the parabolic curve
40 mph.What is the radius of the curve?
Solution:
Y= • to. A car weighing 3220 lb.travels
R
along the road at a constant speed f 30 fps.
20 wv2
Cos e =20.7 R + -= W
lfVltgr <D Whatis the radius of CUl\lature at the crest .gr
e = 14.94' of the hillwhere y = 4 ft.
WhatIs the pressure on the wheels of the R= W - W
tan e =
w.P gr3220(30) 2
car-when it is at the crest of the hill where
Wgr w 40 y =4 ft. R = 3220 • 32.2(50)
tan 14.94'=v a> At what speed wiH the ·road pressure be
gr zero? R = 1420 lb.
- 40(5280) Solution:
V - 3600 w 40 Ql Speed so that the road presstlfe wiH be
2T1=cos 30'
Solution:·. . zero
.l
V =58.67fps <1> Radius ot"curvature atthe crest of the hill
T1 = 23.09 lb. 4x x 2 wv2 w
ta 1494. = (58.67)2 y =10· 100 gr
2
n · 32.2r T1Sin 30' +T2 Sin 30' =WV ' 4 2x V2 = gr
r = 400.5 ft.
.
gr
16 2 Y =w· 100 v2 = 32.2(50)
23.09 Sin 30' + T2 Sin 30' ·= ·1 V y' = 0.4 - 0.02x V = 40.1fps
y" =.0 .02
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V= · If the car is traveling at 40 kph when the @ Max. d.eceleration whethe total horizontal
v = -..2J(9.81)(0.74_64) driver applies the brakes and the car friction force is 10.6 KW
continues to move along the circular path. 40000
What is_the magnitude of the maximum V = 3600 a,
V = 3.83mis
deceleration possible if the tires are limited V = 11.11m/s
to a total horizontal friction force of 10.6
® Tension inthe chordwhen e = 30' KW? mv2 a,.
The simple 2 kg pendulum is released from mV2 F1=
rest inthe horizontal position. As it reaches the T:z · -+ W ·Cos 30' r
bottom position, the cord wraps aroun the r Solution: - 1400(11.11f J..
F
smooth fixed pin at B, and continues inthe 2 32 © Lateralacceleration capability a0in Qs' . 1- 30
T = ( ) + 2(9.81)Cos 30' F1 = 5760
smaller arc in the vertical plane. V = 55 kph
T = 90.34 v -§QQQ
© Compule the velocity of the pendulum - 3600 F2 = m(- a1)
when a = 30'. ® Fo.rce R supported by the pin at B when V = 15.28 mis F2 =1400(- St)
Compute the tension in the chord when 0 = 30'
the pendulum passes the position of 12 =10600 N
e = 30'. F2 = T - TCos30'
@ Calculate the magnitude of the force R F2 ::: 90.34 -90.34 Cos 30' R2= F12+ Fl
supported by te pin at B when the F2 = 12.10
,.:---9
(1060o)2 = (5760 + Fl
pendulum passes the position e = 30'. F1= T Sin30' F2 = 8898.4 N
fA.J 800mm F1 = 90.34·I.Sin 30' F2 = 1400(- a1)
F 1 = 45.1 N 8898.4 = 1400(- a
® Total friction force exerted by the a1= -6.36 m/s2
400 nun j . Re = ..J (F1)2 + {F2>2
pavement on the tires
R I Rs = "'!45.17) 2 + r12.1 ol2 v,.2 = v.2 + 2a.s
F0 = ma0 F,
=
h2 2.5 Sin20' friction between the block and the platform
before the block start to slide. V= r ©
Fn = 1500(2.41) h2 = 0.856
F0 = 3615 N
' h = h1 - h2
@ Compute the force that prevents the block
t.J slide.
v = 1.4(20)(2")
h = 1.25-0.856 60
Fe:: .../ Ft2 + Fn2 h =0.395 V= 2.93 m/s
Problem: .:\ }.
.,, Prob/emf
. ,. .
)t:"
.A car with a mass of 1470 kg including its 160 ':'The 120g slider has a speed of V = 1.4 mis as A 0.2 kg block·is released from rest at A and
driver, s driven at 130 kph,over a slight risein N= 2441N .· ft.passes point A of the smooth guide which slide down the smooth circular surface of
the road. At the top of the rise, the driver '. lies ina horizontal plane. radius 3 m.to a conveyor B.
applies the brakes. The coefficient of static © Determine the magnitude R of the force
friction between tires and the road is 0.90 and © Compute the velocity of the block at 8.
F = µs N · which the guide exerts on the slider jusl @ Compute the normal <:ontact force
the radius of curvature of the rise is 160 m. before it passes point A of the guide.
F = 0.90(2441) between the guide and the block al' B.
© Determine the normal acceleration of the Compute the velocity of slider at point B. @ Compute the angular velocity of the
F = 2197 N .; ® Determine the force which the guide exerts
car at the top of the rise. · conveyor pulley of radius 0.15 m. to
@ Determine. the car's acceleration at the
on the slider as tt passes point B. prevent any sliding on the belt as the block
instant the brakes are applied. F = m (- a1) I transfer lo the conveyor.
@ Determine the car's acceleration at ·the A R=3m
instant the brakes are applied if the caris
2197 = -1470 a1 - 90:...,:
on a level road. · a1 = -1.49 mls1
!h
Solution: I
© Normal acceleration of the car at the top of @ Cars decelera tion at a level road:
the rise. Solution:
·(i) Force R which the guide exerts on the
v2 slider at A
a = 1470(.81) Solution:-
n r © Velocity of block at B
V = 130
3.6
F ma , .,... R=W Ve2 = V + 2gh
. ,.yi.; :: :,:. t · r=' ·';,;!';.' R = 0.12(9.81) Ve2= 0 + 2gh
V = 36.11 mis
2 N R = 1.177 N Va = {2Qti
- (36.11)
a - - Ve = V,..2....(9.81)(3)
n 160
N = 1470(9.81) R Ve = 7.67m/s
a0 = 8.15ml s 2 '
N = 14421 ·® Velocity of slider alpoint B = 1.4 mis
@ Normal contact force between the guide
@ Car's acceleration at the top of the rise: and the block at B
t ,
@ Force R which the guide exerts on the
F = µN ·slider at B F 67 "'"
·
,
F = 12979 r
mV2
F =R-+ W 2 l
F = 0.90(14421) · mV2 w
Rx =
R = 0.12(1.4)2
x 0.2 mV 1ry
F = m ax Rx = 1.176N 0 21 67 2
R F= · ) + 0.2(9.81)
12979 = 1470 ax
Ry "W . F = 5.886 N
N ax = 8.83 mis Ry = 0.12(9.81)
Ry = 1.1772 N @ Angular vel ity of co.nveyor
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R = ....J Rx2 + Ry2
7.67::: 0.15ro
R = ..J (1.176)2 + (1.1772f
R =Books
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1.664 N
v;: r ro
ro = 51.1 rad/sec.
--_..
f)
r
V=7.67 mis
:
.
·,
.!CURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
ICURVILINEAR TRANSLATIONI
B mV2
mV 2 R + -=W Cos 3'.Q'
Mv}j Ne = !.!!!1L
r + W Cos 30" r
2
=W
r 2 '
/1 +
R (.1) = 2(9.81)
at = 2.87 m/s2 R= 9.41 N
.: '
ma1=W Sin 0
// !r=3m a =Yi_
n r 2(a 1) =- 2(9.81) Sin 30'
. I 1.n 2 ® Max. speed which the bfOck can have
a = -4.9 m1s
' an = 3= 5,33 mls 2 without losing contact with the path 1
2
l
Solution: a = .../ at2 + an2 Wvtj Problem:.. :.Fe
CD Normal force exerted on the block by the a= V (2.87)2 + (5.33)2
surface al A A small vehicle enters the top A of the circular
a =606 m/s2 \30 path with a horizontal velocity V0 = 5.m/s and
NA- W + mVA2 ' \l gathers a speed-as it moves down the path.
-
r 06 5 2
NA = 0.6(9.81) + · ) <D Determine the angle 0 where the vehicle
m = WCos 30' leaves the path at 8 and becornes a
NA= 10.89N
@ Value of9 if VA = 0
Solution: ' A WV2 ·;
<D Value of 9 where the vehicle leaves the
p a th and becomes a projectile
c:::
WV2 tan(e + ") =-W-
,. : .
A
::.•.::.- ;- .·
'
r=3m: __,,'',.· .
tan e = t tan(9 + e) =.gr
V2
·
..
,
•. ,'r =3m
Jm:
. ,'
-/ tan 0 =
gr tan(0 + e) =-
. vz
------r--=-3m------·- gr
·Va2 = VA2 + 2gh =
9 ideal angle of banking (if the car is on.the point of slipping
up the plane of banking)
2
9V2 = O + 2g(3){1·Cos 8) ·Consider a car having a wr, ght of W . V2
= 6g(1-Cos 8)
V8 =
A w 2
which travel around a horiZOi1ial curve of
tan(0- e)
gr
given radius at a certain velocity V. A
W Cos 8 = WVa (if the car ison the point of-supping
gr
Jm:
. gr Cos 9 V82
centrifugar force is acting through its
centroid to create dynamic equilibrium.
down the-plane of banking)
g(3)Cos e = 6g(1·Cos 9)
., e , Cos 9 = 2(1 - Cos 9)
The curve isbanked al an angle 0 With the
horizontal so that there will be no tendency
.k---
'
'\.,.'
**I
I
Probrem: _. ,i,$
·r... . ..... w
MW
A daredevil drives a motor-cycle around a The super elevation of a railroad track is the : An airpiane makes a tum in a horizontal plane
circular vertical wall 30 m. in diameter. The number of millimeters that the outside rail is ·. without sideslip at n4 kph.N. v.tiat angle must
coefficient of friction between the tires and wall raised to prevent side thruSt on the wheel · ·the plane be banked if the radius of tum is
is 0.60.What is the minimum speed that will flanges of cars rounding the curve at rated . 1.75 km? If the pilot weighs 600 N, what
prevent his sliding down the wall? At what speed. Oetennine the super-elevation •e•for a pressure does he exe;t on his seat?
angle will the motortjcle be inclined with the track having a gauge of 1.45 m.of 600 m.
horizontal? · at
radius a rated speed of 100 kph. What is the ·
flange pressure P on the wheels of a 450 kN
w C?r that fOl.!nds the curve at 126 kph?
Sin 0 =1 5
e= 1.45 Sin 7.5'
e = 0.190 m.
e= 190mm
Solution:
tan(0 + e) =V
y2
gr 1000.
v = 774 kph
3600
l:Fh=O
tan (9 + 0) =-
w y2 gr v = 215 mlsec.
_ _{ \ (J()()
N= -r tan (e + !11) -9.8.1 (600) - (215)2
g.
F·=u N
e + "= 1u5· Ian " - 9.81(1750)
"= 69.6'
F'='0 6 w- v2
Solution: 7.5+ "= 11.76
. g r w y2 "=4.26' 600
eos 0 =R
tan e =.L.l.... R = 1721.3 N
l:Fv =O . y2
w Co.s (8 + lil) =
F =W tan g =-
w v2
0 .5 g -r=w
gr ' Cos 11.76' =4
V =rated speed R = 459.6 kN
v2 -0.6
_ .9!._- i9.8tH15)
'0.60
V =100kph = Si F
n"=-R
3600
v =27.78 rn/see. Mttj
··v=. 126 1000
V = 15.66 m/sec • 1000 . _ c21.7.8)2 . 3600 A car wei9hing 15,oOO N rounds a cur\te of 60
v = 56.4 kph tan 0-9.81(600) · V = 35 m/sec. m, radius banked at arigle of 30._ Find !he
0=7.5' fiiction fcrce acting on the res when the caris
tan "= 0.6 travellir.g at 100 kph.The coefficient of frictioo
Sin 4.26' = 4 .6 between the tires and the road is 0.90.
"= 31' · F = 34,14 kN
b
F = 24730 Sin 22.66' between the tires and the road is 0.60,what is N1+ 23504 =15000 Cos 30·+27060Sin 30'
F =9528 N the maximum speed at which a car can round N1=3016 N
the curve without skidding?
F
Solution: F1 = 0.60 (3016)
Solution:
Ian 0 = 0.60 F1 = 1810 N
v = 50 kph {rated speed)
1000 0 = 31' w y2
v = 50 3600 - - =27060
tan (0 + 0) =
v2 g r
v = 12.89 m!sec2-
gr
<D Find the angle of banking for a highway y2 LMs= O
curve of 90 m. radius d€signed to tan 0 = - . v2 l
gr tan (30' + 31") =- 27060 Cos 30·(h) = 27060 Sin 30' (0.70)
I
accommodate cars travelling at 160 kph, if - (13.89)2 . 'v2 . gr + 15000 Cos 30·(0.7) + 150000.Sin ·(h)
the coefficient of friction between the tires
tan 8 - 9.81 (60) -gr =
l and the road is 0.60. 1.804
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·J; Whal is the r;:ited speed of 1'1e curve? e = rn.15· Pdfbooksforum.com h= 1.16 m
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355
IROTATION I
aA = 2(4) = 8 fps2
The rotation of a flywheel is governed by Iha , A body rotates according to the relation a = 2t The angular acceleration of a pulley which will
equation = m, (l) is in radfsec and t in·- · where a is in rad/sec2 and t in seconds.
ro = 4.rad/sec. and e = 0 11.1hen t ::: 0.
rotate from rest is increased uniformly from
zero to 12 rad/s during 4 sec._. and then
seconds. e = 2 rad.when t = 1 sec. Compute _ uniformly decrease<l to 4 rad/s during the
next 3 sec. -
The rotation of a pulley is defined by the © The value of 0 at the instant when - © Compute the value of ro at the instant
e
relation = 2t 4 '30t2 + 6 where e is measured t = 3sec. when t = 2 sec. - <D Compute the angular velocity at the end of
!n radians and t in seconds. ® The value of a at the instant when - @ The value of e at the instant when 4 sec.
t= 3 sec·. t = 2 sec. @ Compute the angular displacement at the
© Compute the value of the angular ·end of 4 sec.
displacement 0 when t = 4 sec. _ ®.Compute the number of revolutions
Solution: Solution: .through which the pulley will rotate from
@ Compute the v51lue of the angular velocity
at the instant t '= 4 sec. I a:i Value of a when t ::: 3sec. © Value of w al the instant t = 2 sec. rest at the end of 7sec.
® Compu_te the value of the angular (l) = 41112 a= 2t
acceleration at the instant t = 4 sec. d8 dco Solution:
a=dt © Angular velocity at the end of 4 sec,.
dt= (l)
Solution: dro = 21dt o: (rad/sec.)
de = 4t 112 dt
a:i Angular displacement A when t = 4 sec. 212 12 rad/sec2
w = 2+c
e = 2t4 - 3ot2 + s 41312
8 =3(2) + C1 ro = t2 +C
0 = 2(4)4 - 30(4f + 6
4 = 0 +C
0 = 38 radians 8
0 =3t3'2 +C1 C=4
8
@ Angular veracity 2 = 3(1)312 + C1 ro = t2 +c 0 - 4 sec. 4 3 sec. 7 I
2
(I) = {2) + 4 angular acceleration
d0 C1 = - 0.6667
-= 8t 3- 60t ro = 8 rad/sec.
dt '\ ro =area of aogular accelerafion diag. ·
= 8t3 - 60t 8 1?/A\
0)
IROTATION I
@ Tension in the cord supporting the 800 N
Solution: weight
© Angular acceleration The compound pulley shown has a centroidal
T = 400 - A weight of 400 Nis fastened to a cord which; mass moment of inertia of 3Q N.m.sec2.
g is wrapped around a solid cylinder of 1 meter'
a =r a radius weighing 1200 N. The cylinder rotates '(!) Find the angular acceleralio•1of !he pulley.
about its horizontal centroidal axis. @ Find the tension in the cord sup!"Orting the
a = {1}a 4
T = 400 • a © Compute the tension in the chord it the .. @ 800
Fi Nweight.
nd the tension in the cord sopportin !he T1 = 588.9 N
' 0g 1600
torque applied to the cylinder will raise the 1€00 N weight.
0 weight with an acceleration of 4 m/sec2. · :
IM0 =1a 3m Im
a ® Compute the torque applied to the cylinder .
1w to raise the weight witb an acceleration of·
l<iOOa;lg
I=- -r2
2 g 400 4 m/sec2.
I:::11200 (1)2 ® Compute the total bearing reaction. @ Tension in the cord supporting the 1600 N
2 9.81 400a/g weight
I= 600 . T 2 = 1600 + moo a
Solution: g
9.81 © Tension in the chord 1600
a=ra _ (0.863}
T2 = 1600 + 9 81
T (1) = l a 4 = (1}(a) T2 = 1740.75
(400 - 400 a}1) = 600 (a) a = 4 rad/sec2
g . 9.81
2
_ 2a= Solution:· Wfhl
g g Q) Angular acceleration of the pulley
800
=2 T1 = 800·---a1 © Determine the angular acceleration of the
g ' g
I 800 compound pulley shown to reach a soeed
2 T1 = BOO 9{3 a) of 600 rpm starting from rest.
a = 5g ® Determine the"time required for the
' 400 '1600
a = 3.924 rad/sec2 '\ T =-400 T2 = 1600 +-a2 compound pulley shown to reach a speed
+ -ag g
I of 600 rpm starting from rest.
' ' 400 1600
·r2 = 1600 + - (a) @ Determine the {ension in the cord
Tension inthe cord T = 400 + 9_ 81 {4? g 800 supporting the 1500 N weight.
4 T = 563.1 N 3m 2m
T = 400 - 0 ( g) }.:;M0= f a
® Torque applied to the cyhndP.r T1 (3) - T2 {1) = Ia
T = 240 N }.:;M'o = O [soo - aoq 1600
g
(3)](3) - (1600 +
g
a.)(1) = aoa. ·
M= T(1) + Ia
Bearing reaction ' 600 7200 ()'. 1600 0:
M = 563.1(1) + _ (4} 2400 -
1:F" =0 9 81 g -.1600 • g -= 3' 0 a
R = 1200 + 240 M = 807.7 N.m. 8800 0: W=l600 N
800 = K=2m
R = 1440 N -+ 30a
.@ Total bearing reaction
g
800 == 927a
R = 1200 +T ('( = 0.863 ra<Jtsec2
R .: 1200 + 563.1
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IROTATION I
I
1500a/g
27900
- 0:
1460 = g N
a
= 1460 (9.81) = 0 513 radi -'
27900 · se(,
Solution:
® Time to reach a speed of 600 rpm starting . ·© Angular acceleration of the pulley before P
from rest ·
·. . is applied IMA = O
w2 "' W1 + a t N(1) = 500(4)
a=ra 0.6
2n N = 2000 N
© Angular acceleration a = 0.6a
w2 = 600 rpm
60 N
N1 = 2000 ( ) = 1600 N. w2 = 20n rad/sec. 1 F = 0.20(2000)
. T = 100 • 000 (0.6a) /a F = 400 N
F1 = 0.20 (1600) = 320 N g
20n = 0 + (0.513)t T = 100 • 600 o: T = 1000 - 1000a T
g
3) 2000
T1 = 2000 (5 + 320 +-g-a1
t = 122 sec. g
2000 a=ra r
. 1520 +-
T1 = . IM 0= 1 a
g a1 @ Tension inthe cord supporting the 1500 N a =0.6a
45 0.6 T = 18a 1
T2 = 1500 - 00a T = 1000- 00 (0.60:) al
g 600a )
. 2000
4500
. (0.513)
0.6 (1000 • -- = 18n
9
600a T
T2 = 1500 - 9 81 T = 1000 -
T1 = 1520 +-
9 -(2 a) 'O 360 0: g- 1000
T2 = 1264.68 N GOO ---= 18a
1500 g.
T2 = 1500 ---a2 600 = 54.7a IM 0=1 a
9 a = 10.97 rad/sec2 T(0.6) - F(0.9) = 18a tOOOalg
15
T2 = 1500 • 00 (3 ci:)
g
Wfll 600a )
0.6(1000--- -400(0.9) = 18a
.@ Tension in the cord before the brake force 9
4500 a If the weight shown is descending freely, 3600:
T2 = 1500 --- @ Pis applied 600 ---360 = 18a
9 9
© Determine the angular acceleration of the' T
240 = 54.7a
pulley before the brake force P = 500 N · T = iOOO .600 (10.97)
l=K2 · a= 4.39 rad/sec2
applied. Neglect thickness of the brake.
g ® Determine the tension in the cord before 9.81 al
I= 1600(2)2 the brake force P = 500 N is applied. T = 329 N f T=
1000
_ 600 {4 39}
g @ Determine the tension in the cord after the 9.81
brake force P = 500 Nis applied. T = 731.5 N
I=6400
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·,
IROTATION.I ·110T:r10NI
1000
·· wm
T1 = 760 +--(0.6 a)
From the figure shown and neglecting the 9 · The coefficient of kinetic friction under both
weight of the floating pulley supporting weight 600
block is 0.20.
B. T1 = 760 +g-a
IROTATION I IROTATION I
® Teosion of the cord attached to A © Acceleration of block B
. 1800 · T2 (0.45) - T1(0.15) = 27.5 (6.54)
:EMA =O
T2 = 880 - 9.81 (3.21) 2000 T2 {0.45)- 800 (0.15) = 27.S (6.54)
T2 = 292N T1(0.6) = 2000 (0.2)+--a1(0.4) T2 =666 N
9 A uniform slender rod which is
T 1(0.6) = 400
800
+g a1 0
w suspended at point 0, if applied by an
@ Tension of the cord attached to B T2 =W -9a2 impulsive force P it will result to an angiJfar
T_ 450(3.21) 2 acceleration. Wrth this force applied, let ussay
1-.300 + 9.81 1:Fh= O T2 =W {1- ) to the right at A aboveB, a faOQE!!ltial reaction
2000 2 943
T1 = 447.25 N T1 =F + -a1 666 = w (1- · ) ,Rx will be induced at 0 whose don is to
g 9.81 the left when the force is appUed above 8. It is
F = 0.30 (2000) = 600 N W = 951 N very cf ear thatif the force is applied at 8. the
2000
T1 =600 +--a1 tangential reaction Rx must be equal to zero,
9 regardless of the magnitude of the force P.
2000 ) 800
© Determine the acceleration of block B to
slide without tipping over.
(600 + 9--a1 = 400 +9a1 The point B al which the body maybe struck
without producing a tangential reaction at the
1200 800
@ Determine the angular acceleration of the 360 + -a1 = 400 +9a1 support is called thec.enter of pe<cussioo.
pulley. · · 9
@? Determine the maximum weight of A that 400
will pti:-. he 2000 N block B to slide - a1 = 40 j
g
11; thout !lpp:ng over. a1= 0.10
W:=.3000 N 0.45·O.IS g
K=<l.3 m
a1 = 0.981 m/sec 2 213( 12)=8 I'
\ rk·
@ Angular acceleration of the pulley 12
T1 = 600 + 2000 (0.10)
0.8 T1= 800 N
.::
B cellter of
a1 = r a. percussion
0:981 = 0.15 0:
Solution: a. = 6.54 rad/sec2
r
@ Maximum weight of A that will permit the
2000 N block 8 to slide without tipping 1:Ma = O
over
0.45 0.15 a2 = 0.45 (6.54) P{3) = 8Rx
a2 = 2.943 m/sec2
3P
Rx =s
1:M0 =1a.
w
I= - k2
g :EMa =O p
- 3000 2
0.2 .I- . (0.30)
9 81 Rx(8) = P(O) ce11ter of
N I= 27.5 percussion
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IROTATIONI
IROTATION)
Solution: M#I Problem: ·" -_ :: "'· -"':
wn•..... illllillli W#I CE Boartl May t9D'. 3'
wv11gr
A horizontal slender rO<I 8 ft. long and
weighing 96.6 IP.. rotates in a vertical plane
A uniform slender rod is hinged to a frame A prismatic bar weighing 25 kg Is rotated · about a horizontal axi$ 1It.frpm its end. When
rotaling about a vertical axis as shown inthe horizontany about one of its ends at a speed of ·it is in;the horizon!' position, its angular
·figure.Show that the angle between·1he rod 2.5 rad/sec. Compute the-length of the bar W=96:6 B. Velocity'is 4 r.idfsec,.Wckwise.
and the .axis is define<! by Cos :0 =
2
L!2
- ..men itmakes an angle of 45' with the vettical.
a> What is the angular .acceleration of the
(l) rod?
What isthe horizontal reaction at A. .
C.D
I
' W
I =- -(10\ 2+-(3\2
W ·What is the vertical reaction at A.
A 12. g r g. r
96:6 . (10\2 96.6(3)2
IA.= 12(32.2) 1+ 32.2
IA = 52 ft sec2
LMA =IAa
>
Center of
percussion 9B.6(3)c 52a
Solution:
a=S.57 <D Angular acce.leration
Solution: Solution:
= 4 rad/sec.
1
w LMA = O . 1 (J)
C.G.
q) wv-L
Wr = -gr
22
3 Cos 45' a
r=3'. t
. . F =ma
'
V.=rw
""'."".; 0 4 0 A ". 9
Wr2ro2 2 •. A 96.6 lb.
Wr =-- -L Cos 45
gr 3
3g = 2w2 L Cos 45'
RA f a,· 3 4
IROTATION I J ROTATION I
@ Horizontal reaction at A © Compute the angular velocity of the table w 161
when he starts to slide.
I I=5.06 sec. <D Angle at which the rod will stand out from
· the vertlca! axis
@ Angle 0 of the direction in which he will
1:M0 =0 ·
slide wv2
Wlg(a,J g r (1.2)Cos 0 = Wr
5
tan O = _
96.6 • RAv = at
wg 64 2
V = rro ·
w 0 = 4.45' w
-rw2(1.2)Cos e = Wr
96.6 • RAv =9ra Wlg(a1)=5
g
96.6 '\ F =Nµ ol
=
96.6 - RAv 32.2 (3)(6.74) , F = Wµ F=64.4 -(1.2)Cos 0 = 1.0
F::: 161(0.4) 9
RAy = 35.94 lb. F = 64.4 _ 30(2n) ·
(I) - 60
l
a1=ra
. A slender prismatic rod
1.8 m. long and weighing
220 N rotates with a
constant speed of 30 rpm
A man weighing 161 lb. is seated on a
about a vertical axis
horizontaltun table 2 ft. away from the vertical
through one end.
axis of rotation as shown in the figure. The =ill (1) .
coefficient of friction between him and the g at 32.2 © Determine the angle at
turntable is 0.40. If the turntable starts from w which the rod v1ill
. 1
rest and accelerates at the rate of 2rarJ/sec2. -gat = 5 lb. stand out from the vertica !
e1xis.
@ Determine the ver::ca:
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reaction at the sup;:;c:t at
this i.s!::>nt.
T Oeterm1n•;the
honzo!1lal compcr.ent w = 3.14
citbe rr.actkir. ;.; U1P. rad/sec Visit For more Pdf's Books
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(3.14)2(1.2)Cos
0=
10
9.81 .
0 = 34'
IROTATION I
I
lROTATION I
0.76 m 178 N
0.30 m
. o.rom
RA = "{178)2 + (23.79)2
178 RA = 179.58 N
Rv=.220 N
0.30 m
1
Horizontal comp0nent ·of tfie reaction at
the support · '
Rv
}:MA =0 .
w MftJ Problem: · tr ·
A. ' '
Solution:
00 · Normal effective force of the weight
0.76 m
0.60 m
r = 0.90 Si1134' .
r =0.503 m
F ='!lrc r}
g . . © Determine the location of the
178 N
" 0.30 m
ro = 60 = 3.14.rad/sec. instantaneous cooler of z velocity from
the rodmeasured from A and B.
@ Determine the acceleration of 8.
F = '!lrcr}
g Ay=118 N
@ Determine the angular acceleration of the
178 2. r<Xl at this instant.
F =9.81 {0.6)(3.14) RA=119.58 N
F =.107.34 N
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IROTATIONI IROTATIONI
Solution: Solution:
rFh =,O @ Speed of roller after it moves 1.20 m.
© Location of the instantaneous center of © Acceleration of the rod
ae Cos 45' 2 aA Cos 45' - ram2 startingfrom rest
zero velocity for the rod A
aI! Cos 45' ;, 3Cos 45' -10(0.283)2 V2 = V12 +2aS
8 v2 = o + 2(8.3)(1.2)
. a8 = 1.87 m/s2 V = 4.46 mis
rA.c,/ , '."-,rec VB
, 4S"
A.0:-{)
(J)
· =,'.(¥n
45\. / @ Angulc.r acceleration of the rod Note: Acceleration of rodis the same as
that of the roller.
VA=2mls
Solution:
IFv = O © Angufar velocity of link BC
N=W 'lD(instan1aneouscen1er
· ,,;)...; of zero velociryfor BC) ·
3 Sin 4S' N = 26 N
r8n/ 45 I
LMG = O
© Determine the accelerauon of the rod after 22{0.45)Cos e = 26(0,45)Sine
it moves 1.20 m. starting from rest.
V.A =rAcro ta 8 _.22(0.45)
® Determine the angle e which the 26 N rod n -26(0.45)
.2 = 7.07(J)
makes with the vertical after it moves 1.20 Yc=3mls
- Jj) = 0.283 rad/sec. mstarting from rest. . 8 = 40.24'
@ Determine the speed of the roller after it
moves 1.20 m. starting from rest.Visit
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"-
1 =3or
. m·.1
© Find the magnitude of the force P.
@ Find the value ofh.
h=0.3m
,. \)b•,\
;:= 0.08
V = ...J.{-V.)2_+_(v_.of Rotation of the radial y slotted armis governed
\.
=
by 0 0.2t + 0.0213 where 0 isin radians and ... t = 3sec.
@ Velocity of slider when
e = 0.2 + o.os 12
t in seconds. Simultaneously, the power screw V ,,.,.
e Acceleration Components I .
IROTATION I IROTATION I
@ Acceleration of end A:
a= (
MJtJ Prob/em:·f: · @ r component of the acceleration of P
IRCTATiOf'i l IROTATION I
@ Velocity of block Bwhen 0 = 30' @ Acceleration of block Bwhen 0 = 30'
\ a = .../ (ar)2 + (aa)2
'1
a = (-3)2 + ( 4)2
a = 5 mm/s2
:ROTATION I (ROTATION I
Ve = rfl
Solution:
·v Vertical component of rwhen t = 2 sec. Ve = OA(0.84)
r = 0.8 - 0.1t - 0.05t2 Ve =0.336
r = 0.8 - 0.1(2) - 0.05(2)2
r = 0.4 m v = '1(V,)2 +0/0)2 V,=-0.449 mis
6
1I
F=
NSin 0
- la
Fr=7
Wjjl Cheek rf slipping occurs
Cos 0 (3) LMc = lc<I
F tan 0 A solid cylinder 2 ft.in diameter and weighing 3Wr2
F-r2
N=--3 '· 64.4 fb is at rest on a 45·incline. The Fr=29cx
tan 0 2W a coefficient of static friction is 0.25 and of
µ=
-
3 - F =--r2 - kinetic frictionis 0.20. 9.11(1) = 23 (64
:_ 4) (1)2a
5 g . r2
32 2
F = Wa © Compute the acceleration of the center of
5g · gravity. cx = 3.04
® Compute the friction force acting.
@ Compute the time for the cylinder to move
F =O
"' x . 20 ft. when released from rest..
*
a ra (Therefore, our assumption is
w Sin e = F+'!!a correct that slipping occurs.)
A solid sphere of weight W and radius r rolls 9 w
. 2Wa W
without slipping down a plane at 0 with the' W Srne =--+-a
5g g
@ Friction force acting
horizontal. F = 9.11 lb.
W Sin e =?..Wa
lV Determine the acceleration of the center of 5g
t11e sphere.
\ " Oetennine !he rninimum coefficient of a = s7g s·rn e @ Time to move 20 ft. from rest
1
static friction to prevent slippinq. S = V1t + 2at2
F =µN
20 = 0 +! {18.21)t2
F
N= µ t = 1.482 sec.
N = W Cos e
Solution:
W =-
N- © Acceleration of center of gravity
Cos O Prob(em:·'\ -
N = W Cos 45'
F = f '!!a .No:64.4 Cos 45· A sphere of radius 0.2 m and a weight of
5g
N = 45.541b. 100 Nis released with no inlti Ivelocity on the
F= '!! {Sg Sin e) incline making an angle. of 30' with the
horizontal and rolls without slipping.
5g 7 Assume slipping wouldoccur
F = IJkN © Determine the minimum value of the
Solution: F= W Sin B
F = 0.20(45.54) coefficient of friction compatible with the
Acceleration of the center of sphere F = f _N_Sin 0 F = 9.11lb. rolling motion.
2W 7 Cos 9 <i> Determine the velocity of the center of the
I= - -r2 for sphere sphere after the sphere has rolled 4
Sg F 2 IFx = O
N=?tan e
a =.rcx
F
64.4 Sin45' F
64.4
=:a meters.
@ Determine the velocity of the center of the
sphere if it were to move 4 m.down a
1'.Mc = la N= µ 45.54 - 9.11= _ a frictionless 30' incline.
2 32 2
rMc = r µ = 7tan e a = 1821fps2
=-
--- --.Grl_---j,..- -
Fr = lcet.
QW a g
a = W Sin 8 cc
a I' I.
r .
Fr = --r2-
5g r
2W
F =59a a = Sin 30" (9,81) l:M=la
I 2" I 4"
a = 4.905 m/s2 2W a
Px =59r27
'LF = O
Wa 2 Wa Solution:
W Sin 8-F =a v2 = v21 + 2as -x =---r © Couple applied to the cylinder
g g 5g
W Sin 3o·3a = Wa
v2 = o + 2(4.905)(4) 2 .LM0 =l0a
. 5g g V =6. 6 mis x =5r 1W 2 ·
I=Sin3o· 2 10 = 29
· R +m
5g
a = 3.50 mfs2
x =5(3)
1 40 ( 6 )·2 40 ( 2 ) 2
x = 1.2cm o = 2(32.2) 12 . + 32.2 12
10 = 0,1898
F= 0)( . )'3.5) Al what height "h" above the billiard iable h = 3 + 1.2
.LMo = loet.
F = 14.27 N surface should a billiard ball of radius 3 cm be
.struck by a horizontal impact In order that the h= 4.2 cm '£M0 = 0.1898(2)
ball will start moving with no friction between
N = 100 Cos·30' the ball and the table? .LM0 = 0.38 ft.lb
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·
3 97
10=40
ma1
HOO N
mV2 IMo =!ar !
Rh =-...:...
r
v = t(J) 60 - 1.5F= :
w r2(J)2 w 60 - 1.5F = 26.673 e
R = ·- -=-rw2
h g r g Solution:
2
Solution: Equat.ingo & e © Acceleration of the mass center
Rh = 3 2( 1 }10) © Mass center acceleration 60 -1.5(203 + 296) = 26.673 Assume the cylinder rollslo the right.
Rh = 20.7 lb. 56.673 = - 384 900 N
W=6441b.
a = - 6.78 fps2 (this indicates that the
® Vertical reacUon of the vertical shaft on the cylinder rolls down)
cylinder
llOO N
@ Angular acceleration
a = rw2
- '
6.78 = 2(1)2
I w = 1.84 rad/sec.
_ _ _ _ _Qf -€{ ;- Rh- @ Angular velocity
t IFx =ma
F - W Sin 30' + 30Cos 30' ='!:!..a
.. • 'l .
g
€44 -
IM0 = 10cx
LM 0 = 60 - 1.5F LFx =·ma
1960
F + 900 -1100 = _ a
N
0 0
a = rcx if there is no slipping
IM 0 = 180:8
IM
o=la = 40cx
=f
cr r2a
40 a
Ry = 32.2 12 (2) 0: =- 180.8 a = 4.52 rad/sec2
ex = ra (if it roHs
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slippi )
Ry = 0.41 lb.
V2 = V12 + 2aS
@ Angular acceleration
V2 = 0 + 2(1.07)(1O}
a Solution:
a =- V = 4.626 fps -.
r CD Velocity of cylinder if P is applied at A
2.33
a =-
0.9 ® Velocity of cylinder if Pis acting at B
a = 2.59 rad/sec2 c
1;M0 = 1a ·
N
Mij Problem/ . ·
1W N
F(4} + 10(4} 24.84a
a
I=--r2
A cylinder shown has a weight of 100 lb. 2g 10 - F=-a
w a=-
r
0
Assuming the cylinder to be solid in 1 =1(100) (4)2 g 24 84
determining the moment of inertia. 2 32.2 100 (10 - 3.106a)4 + 40 = · a
10 -F = 32.2a ' ' 4
1 = 2484 40 - 1 .424a + 40 = 6.21a
CD Determinethe velocity of the cylinder after F= 10-3.106a
it has rolled 10 ft. from rest if the horizontal 18.634a = 80
force Papplied at A is 1O lb. :Fx = 0 a = 4.29 fps2
@ Determinethe velocity of the cylinder after 10 - F =-a w l:M0 = la·
g F(4) + 10(2) = la
it has rolled 1Oft. from rest if the horizontal v2 =Vl + 2aS
force P = 10 lb. is applied at B. " F = 10- 100_ a a
@ Determine the velocity of the cylinder after
32 2 a=-
r v2 = ci +2(4.29)(10}
it as rolled 10ft. from res! if the horizontal F = 10- 3.106a V = 9.26 fps·
24 840
force P = 10.lb. is applied at C. (10 - 3.106a)4 + 20 = 4
1:M0 = la
a 40 - 12.424a + 20 = 6.21a
a =-
r a = 3.22 fps2
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.IPLANE MOTIONI
350a2
T2 = 350 +--
,
g
© Which of the following gives the angular 350(0.2)a The jet transport B is flying north with a
'
y
ao eleration of the pulley in rad/sec2. T2 = 250 + 9.81 I velocity V8 =600 kph when a smaller aircraft A
Which of tl]e following gives the tension in passes underneath1he transport needed in the
the cord supporting the 250 N load.
T2 =350 + 7.14 a
;A so· direction shown to passenger in B,
--
= 1200 kphi
however, A appears to be flying sidesways
@ Which of the following gives the tension in
the cord supporting the 350 N load.
rM0= 1a and moving east.
LMo = r1·(0.6) - 0.2T2
Solution: . 4.59 a= 0.6T1- o.2T2 © Determine the actual velocity of A.
· 4.59 a= 0.6(250 - 15.29a) ® Determine the velocity which A appP.ars to
have relative to B.
- 0.2(350 + 7.14a)
N
4.59 a= 150-9.174a - 70 - 1.428a I
15.192 a= 80 Solution:
Velocity that A appear to have to a
a= 5.27 radfsec2 passengerat B. ·
OO kph
Tenslon in the cord suporting the 250 N
load:
T1=250 - 15.29a
T1= 250 - 15.29(5.27)
T1= 169.42 N
Solution: G> Determine the velocity which A appears to Using Sliielaw: Solution:
(!) Actual velocity of A .·have to pliot of B. 195 351 © Velocity of true wind
ill Determine the direction of the velocity Sin a= Sin 108.43'
which A appears to have lo the pli ot of B. -
(t = 31.81' Sin 35' -Sin 15·
V8=600 kph Vw = 14.40 knots
.Solution:
© Velocity which A appears to nave to pilot Direction= 31.81 + 18.43
VAIB of B Direction= N 50' 14' E ill Velocity of apparent wind
Ve = 600 kph -_il_
600 = VA Sin 30' Sin 130-' Sin 15'
',i
N
I
=w -· -
.. -:(,.;;,,\
.•
1·
!RELATIVE MOTIONI
.' '
!RELATIVE MOTIONI
I .
I .
VA=10 kph I .
·
@ Acceleration as1A: I
V8/A _
- - - - - ...: - -'- - ---- .
1 [i-.....L..,J- 36 kph
!.2_ Sin45·- v;,.,"""'",,.,..,..,,....,;:::::;;:;,.,,
Sin 75·
v
= 51.24 kph
Q) True velocity of B:
Solution:
-.Ya_ - !.2_ aA=l .2 mfs2 © Disl.ance of B relative to A
Sin 50·- Sin 75·
Vs = 62.76 kph
v2
an "' r
Wtfj 72000 (15)2 .
VA = 3600 = 20 mis an = 150
Car A is accelerating in the direction of its 54000 . an= 1.5 mts2
motion al the rate of 1.2 m/s2. Car B is Vs = = 15 mis
rounding a curve of 150 m. radius at a 3600
constant speed of 54 kph.
(as1A)2 = (1.5)2 + (1.2)2 2(1.5)(1.2) Cos 30' For A:
Using Cosine aw:
(J)Which of the following gives the velocity as/A "' 0.757 mfs2 v -36000
that car B appears to have to an observer (V51A)2 = (20)2 + (15)2 -2{20)(15) Cos 60' A - 3600
in ,car A if A has reached a speed of 72
kph for the positions presented. VB/A = 18.03 mis VA = 10 mis (Motion of A is,uniform)
\ Which of the following gives the direction (to the right)
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406 fl07
Solution:
x = Vt @ Velocity of B relative tQ A
© Velocity of trainrelative to the car
x = 10(5) VA=lOmls Car A rounds a curve of 150 m. radius at a
·constant speed of 54 kph. At the instant
x =50 m. represented, car B is moVing at 81 kph but is
rA-=50 m. ---7 _ slowing downat a rate of 3 mJs2.
. 1
S = V0t + 2a0t2 ·
Solution:
1 '·
S =O +;}(5)2 ,q> Velo_dtY of car A as observed from ca·r B
S = + 15 VA = 54 kph
54
aB=l.2 mis Using-.CosineLaw: · VA =3.6
Y0 = 35 - 15 =20m. 1ft/A1B'f- = {120f +(90)2 •2(120)(90)Cos 45' VA = 15 mis
r8= 20 m. j
aBIA = V (0)2 \(1.2)2 VAIB =85kph
aBIA = 1.2 mJs2
'
.Distance of B relative to A. ® Acceleraiionof train relative tothe car. ·
"""".
v.= 81lcph_ =22.s mis
W#I
(VBl,J2 = (15+ (225)2
Train A travels with a constant speed =
V81A. 27.04 mis
VA = 120 kph along th? straight and level
track. The driver of car B, anticipating the
railway grade crossing C-decreases the car' ® AcceleratiOn of car A as observed from car. B
speed of 90 kph at the rate of 3 mls2• V2
an =r.
© Determine the velocity of the train relative Using Cosine Law:
- (15)2
rB/A = ...J (20)2 +(50)2 to the car. an - 150
@ Determine the acceleration of the train laAIB)2 = 0 + (3f • 2(0X3)Cos 45'
fBJA = 53.9 m.
relative to the car. aAIB =3 m/s2 an= 1.5mis2
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···---
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408 Pdfbooksforum.com 408-A
A l.5 3.0 B
® Velocity of the car relative to observer B tan·0 = 3200
a." 1.5 m/s2 ,a.= 3 mJs2 3534
B At the instant shown. cars A and B are 0 = 42.16°
a., =4.5 mJs2 B traveling at speeds of 55 mph and 40 mph
respectively. '
aBIA = 4.5 m/s2
. <D If B is decreasing its speed at 1500 m/h2
while A is increasing at 800 mph2,
determine the acceleration of B with
v."18 kph= 5 mis respect to A. Car B moves along a cuNe
having a radius of curvature of O .50 miles.
i If B is ncreasing its speed by 1200 mfh2
The car A has a forward speed of 18 kph and •Nhile A maintains at constant speed,
Using Cosine aw: (as111)2 = {800)2 + (3534)2
is accelerating at 3 m/s2• An observer B, as determine the velocity ofB with respect to
shown in the figure, rides in a non-rotating (V/IJ8)2 =(2:83 + (1)2- 2(2.83X1)Cos 135' A. -2(800)(3534)Cos 167.84•
chair on the Ferris wheel. The Ferris wheel Determine also the acceleration of B with a01A 4319 mph2
has a constant angular rate of 3 revolutions V/iJ8 = 3.61 mis respect to A while A maintain at constant
per minute. spe,!d. (i\ Velocity of B with respect to A:
© Compute fhe tangential velocity of @, Acceleration of the car relative to observer B
a ..-A"\
Solution: =40mph
observer B at this instant.
@ Compute the velocity of the car relative to a0 = rro2 • ' · /.cc:eleration of B with respect to A:
0 v."ssmph
30-n
observer B.
® Compute the acceleration of the car an = 9{0.314)2
relative to observer B. an = 0.887 m/s2
Solution:
© ·Tangential velocity of observer B
Using Cosine aw: a,,"'800 mph'
V0 = rro
3(27t} {aNB}2 = {0.887)2 +{4.254)2 v. 2
a :l
(J) = 60 - 2(0.887X4.254) Cos 45· n r
2 a.=0
w = 0.314 rad/sec.
aNB= 3.SB m/s2 a = (40'\ - "'3230 mph2 R
n 0.50
V6 = rw
2
Vs = 9(0.314) aB : (1500) +{32:J0)2
2
V8 = 2.83 mis Visit For more Pdf's Books
aa = 3514 mph
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408-B .
'""
of curvature·for.the conveyour so ihat the
cartons will not slip. The coefficients of static
and kinetic friction between a carton .and the
conveyor are µs = 0.7 and µk = 0.5
. ,
,
, \
\
v.=60 mph
...... .. PAL plane flies along a straight line path, while
Cebu Pacific plane flies along a circular path
respectively. ' ,,'R \ having a radius of curvature r = 400 km., as
.. ' I
, shown in the figure. Velocity of PAL plane is
,/ 700 kph and that of the Cebu Pacific plane is
600 kph.The PAL plane increases its speed at
Solution: 50 kmfh2 while Cebu. Pacific plane is
<D Rate ofincrease of the car's speed: decreasing its speed by 100 kmfh2. Distance
Solution: between the two planes s 4 km.apart.
a1= 3 Cos 30' a (!) Velocity of the A with respect to B:
a1= 2.60 mfsZ er © Determine the velocity of the Cebu Pacific
a , plawith respect to the PAL plane.
® Determine the acceleration of the Cebu
a Pacific plane with respect lo · the PAL
plane.
® Normal acceleration of the car: @ Determine the direction of the acceleration
an= 3 Sin 30' of the Cebu Pacific plane with respect to
an= 1.5mfsZ the PAL plane. ·
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- I w Direction of Ve1A:
: I' Solution:
• ; VetOC:ty of Bwith respect to A: --15 - - -
18.06
Car A isaccelerating inthe direction of motion At the instant shown in the figure cars A and B
i I
at the r'lte of 1.2 m/s2. Car B is rounding a Sin 0 Sin60° are traveling with speeds of 18 mis and 12 m s
I/ -ooo or 200 m. radius at a constant speed of :.
t
V=100 kph
I
4 km • curve
0 ::: 46S
respectively.
v, kph
i
Plant reached a speed. of 72 kph for the position with respect to A.
represented . Determine the acceleration of B with
(.3)
VutA respect to A if at this instant. A has a
v + Vs1A ::: Ve Determine the direction of the velocity of
car Bwith respect to car A.
decrease in speed of 2 m/s2 and B has an
Vr1r.= 600 -700
Va1::: - 100 kph i v,..
tt 1!
B
(.3)
@:"
Determine the acceleration that car B :
appears to have to an observer incar A. ·
increase in speed of 3 mfs2.
© Determine the direcion of the acceleration
of Bwithrespect to A.
··:·; :·'"'T
D etermine thed i rect io n of the acceleration
ri ,
?;.. r-. . -1r
B
c,..,.; :
.. ClCJl)
a, v. 2
a = _!L
n r
2
a ::: (60) ::: 900 kmlh2
,, ·100 a ---(1200
n
5)
-
a = 100 + 50 = 150 km ti2 Solution :
1 0:1 Velocity of B with respect to car A: a = 1.125 mls2
0
a " J(9ooi2 :(150)2 " V,1=20 mis
2 (as1A)2 = (1.125)2 + (1.2)2
a = 912.4 km I h
I -2(1.125){1.2)Cos 3G"
-I ae;A = 0.606 mfs2 ·
I Solution:
·' Directi0n of accelerali n of B with respect I
t'J A: !JJ Veiocity of B v.th respect to A:
900 km/h1 @J Direction of acceleration of B with respect
I to A:
Vs = VA + VB1A 1.125 0.606
V6=
54000 =15m/s Sin Sin30°
3600 n
= 68.16'
VA = = 20in/s
lano = 150
-· 3600 12 m/s
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V01A ::: 18.03 mis
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408-G
IRELATIVE MOTIONI . !RELATIVE MOTIONI
@ Direction of aB1A'.
Solution: lan 8-- 4.44
© Acceleration of B with respect to A: 2.57
0 = 59.94'
aa= 2.22 mls2
t
Ve = VA + VBJA
-12j= -18Cos6oi-18 Sin 60·j+ VBJA
VBJA = 18 Cos 60';+ 3.58Bj
tan 0 =4.732
2.44
a,=2.5s'
ae =3A + ae1A
e QA = 2.22
Train A travels with a constant speed
VA = 120 kph along the straight and level
track. The driver of car B, anticipating the
railway grade crossing C, decreases the car
speed of 90 kph at a certain rate. If the
acceleration of the train relative to the car is
VBJA·::Qj+ 3.588j 0 = 62.7" 8000 2 3 m/s2.
aA = -=2.22 mls
2 2
Ve1A = (9) (3.588) ' 3600
8000 = 2.22 rrJs 2 CD Determin.e the velocity of the train relative
VBJ,., = 9.69 mis a8 = to the car.
3600
® Determine the direction of the velocity of
v. 2 the train relative to the car.
® Direction of Ve1A: . For the instant represented, car A has a speed a = .JL
" r @ Determine the rate of change of the
of 100 kph, which is increasing al a rate of 8 . 100000
tan 6 = 3.588 kmlh per second. Simultaneously, car B also V= =27.78rrJs velocity of car B.
8
9 has a 'Speed of 100 kph as iirounds the tum 3600
6 = 21.1' and is slowing down at the rate of 8 kmt11 per Solution:
a = (27.78)2·= 2.57 m/s2
seoond. <D Velocityof train relative to the car:
n . 300
® Acceleration of B with respect to A: <D Determine the acceleration that car B <ie = aA + aetA
appears to ao observer in car A.
® Determine the horizontal component of the - 2.57i + 2.22j = - 2.22j+ aS/A
a = v8z =(12)2 =1.44 38/A = - 2.57 i+ 4.44j ·
• r 100 acceleration of B with respect io A.
Q) Determine the direction of 1he acceleration 38/A := (2.57) 2 + (4.44)2
of B with respect to A.
istA = 5.13 m/s2
----- =iJ
a
I
Ci> Horizontal component of alitA :
(aBtA)x = 2.57 m/sZ
; ·. @ Direction of ae1A: y
a,= 3 mis
' ---- -- - - --- - - - - ----<?!A} .44
ae = aA + a01A
• 1.44i-3j= 2 Cos 60'i+ 2 Sin so j+ aB/A
aBtA . ·.44j- 4.732j
2 2
ae1A = )(2.44) + (4.732) .
VA ::Vs + lfa11.. as;:: 3A + 3SJA <.D Determine the velocity of A with respect to
v. 2 B.
120 Sin 75·i+ 120 Cos 75'j:: 90 Sin 30'i <V respect
Determine
+ 90 Cos 30'j + VNS an = .JL
r to B.the acceleration of A with
VN ::: 70.91i -46.88j
VNS = (70.9't 2 + (- 46.88)2
2
a .:: (S0) = 3571.4 kmlh 2
n 0.7
I
J':T
@ Deterniine the dir::ction of the acceleration
respect lo 8.
e
VA/a = 85 kph
4( .8f.i Kph 1
respect to A.
-fi Determine the acceleration of B with
1 35 l7.43 Cos 30"
- 1400 Sin 30"
= 2393 kmlh2
<.": !J Determine the direction ofthe a«eleration
of B with respect to A. · V =IOO kph
ii
to A:
tan O =
3798
·
2393 krn/h
·o '
as= 250 km/h'.l
a= 300 km/h2
2393 .
e
=
,. . 'I
. '•
_
,'.J...r..i., i1/ .,,.. ',/1j'
s
At lhc lh31'1!' -;lowh. cars A Md S. are
tro\.'!Jltlll' »:;r>eecls cf 7{) kph and 51) l{nh 1
:·•:>r .-.;... ly 11 B IS Jl?Cf'1.P,shg It'>. sp. ed of
1.:c" t.:nih' · 1 h ;-.. !S 1l.-tn:?as;;,q it:; spt?ed &I
.
?r..:i f.1•.fl,t 'i• .Ir I\ ;, \il/1,·>:tci;·,g a cvrve IJtMng Visit For more Pdf's Books
a
i
"r-a kts ...·: •"· \1·: ,fi,:, 1 m · Pdfbooksforum.com ·
2 VA = Ve + Vt.1e
3798 km/h
11
·' at 250 kmlh2 while traveling forward at 100
"'
km/h.
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- 20j= 100j+ VA.IS
Pdfbooksforum.com Vwa = - 120j
v = 12okph i
. At \ll Acceleration of A with respect to 8:
the
inst v2
a =-
ant n r
sh 2
ow a (20)
=- - = 4000 kmlh2
n, n 0.100
car
A
ha
s a
sp
ee
d
of
20
kph
,
whi
ch
is
bei
ng
incr
eas
ed
al
the
rat
e of
300
km/
h2,
as
the
car
ent
ers
an
exp
res
sw
ay.
Al
the
sa
me
inst
ant
,
car
B is
de
cel
era
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ting
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408-J
aA = aa + a1..ia AB = 33.33t
- 4000i- 300j= - 250j + a,ve PB = 7t
aA/8 = - 4000i - 50j After starting from the position marked with the
p
"x", a football receiver B runs the slant-in
aNa = 4000)2_+
_(_50)2 I pattern shown, making a cut at P and
aA1S = 4000.3 km/h2 I VB=65
thereafter running with a constant speed
Vs = 7 yd/sec. in !tie directiQn shown.The
@ Direction of ClCce!cralion of A with respect
l (VNe) 2 = (65)2 + (20)2- 2(65){20)Cos 13.5' quarterback releases the ball with a horizontal
velocity of 100 fps at the instant the receiver
to B: I vAl8 = 80.4 kph passes point P. Neglecting any vertical motion
4000 @ Direction of velocity of A with respect to B of the ball.
lan e "-
-
50 ,
I with reference to direction of B: y
4000 I I
ISyds
tl = 0.716' '. ·1 VAIB
9:r ---x--...------ --P
. alVB 50
3o". B(rueiver} c
i .10.
Sin 135°
IS yds
v8=·1ydslsec.
a +90 -0 + 30= 180
a = 60 +0
©
B.
rrni"e •he velocity of A with respect to I a =-
v2
a1 =
0
""-,
><a,,/ , quarterback must throw the ball in order
. for the receiver to catch the ball.
2 BC = _l!_
Cos e
n r
C'l Determine1he direction of the veloci / of /J. 2 ® Determine the distance the receiver had to BC -71_
with respect to 8 with refererice to the - (20) run from Pto catch the ball. · · 2 Cos e
a - --
direction of B. . n 0.10 / ,/ . @ Determine the velocity of the ball relative . 15
@ Determine the acceleralion of A with to the receiver when the ballwas caught. Cos e -AC
respect to B "
Solution: AC =_!L
Cos e
Solution: (a1,)2 = (an)2 +(a1)2 © Angle 0 at which the quarterback must
Q • Velocity of A with respect to B: a1:= O throw the ball ·
15 . 7t
aA ;;_ a. = 4000 kph2 y --+--= 33.33t
I Cos e 2 Cos 0
1 -_;_;_- ---l
30 + 71= 2(33.33)Cos e t
PC 7t
Sin(60 + 0) Sin(90 - 0)
0
±_ :) - 71
Sin so·Cos fl + Cos 60" Sin 0 Cos 0
15(Cos 0 - Sin 9)
-- - '-- - - '-- = 7t
0.866 Cos 0 + 0.5 Sin 0 A
xr-------------------·p
II
(120.033)2
(VA/8)2 = (96 +- 2(96)(120.033) Cos 120· 96
After the block inthe figure has mQved 3 m. What force P will give the system of bodies
=
from rest. the constant force p 600 N is shown a velocity of 9 m/sec.after 6 m. from
removed.Find the velocity of the block when i rest?
The fundamentaJs of work and energy is ·. retus to its initial position.
SOO N
expressed as the resultant work on a
translating body is equal to the corresponding
change inKinetic energy. ·
1 w P = 2203 N
LPQS.WORK - LNEG.WORK = 2 -g01i2-V 2)
From Clo A:
750()(6) -230(6) -320(3) = ( )(Vl -0 ·l:POS. WORK - LNEG.WORK ::: 1 (V32.v 2).
2g
1260 ::1.(1600) (\/ 2) 300 (4.74) - 80 (4 74) =1. SOO (V
2 9.81 1 2 . 2 9.81 32'
-,.
V2 = 3.93 mtsec2 1042.8 = 25.48 v3 2 Find the velocity of body A in !he figure after it
has movd 3 m.from rest Assume the pulleys.
V3::: 6.4 m/sec. (velocity of block when it
to be weightless and frictionless.
returns to its initial position}
' -
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414 Pdfbooksforum.com 415
z2 = (15)2 + (8)2 1200 (7.2) • 180 (7.2)- 1200 (3.6). 320 (3.6)
z = 17 = [V82.021+ [VA2 _021
Solution: 2
POS.WORK ·L_NEG.WORK = L 01l·V12> z,2 "(6)2 + (S)2 1872 = 76.45 v8 + 101.94 vA2
• . 1(1000)
Zf =10
1000(6)-15000(3) = 2 9.81 (Vs2 -0}
QQQl
(v 2 - o) h = Z - Z1 Solution: But Va = 2 VA
+ 2 9.81 A h= 17 - 10::7 1872 = 76.45 (2 VA)2 + 101.94 VA2
500 2 750 2 LPOS.WORK - LNEG.WORK := L l-V12> ·VA = 2.14 m/sec.
1500 = Vs + _ VA z2 =x2 + (8)2
9_ 81 9 81
V8 = 2 VA dz dx 1000 s.- 1500( ) = f! 10) [(3.6)2. (1.8)21
500 2 750 2 2z dt = 2x dt
1500 = (2 VA + VA
_ + (! 10) [(1.8)2 - (0.9)2]
9 81 dz
_ ) dt = Vs
9 81 250 s = 681.2
1500 = 280.3 VA 2 dx
dt= VA S = 2.72 m. In what distance will block A attain a velocity of
vA " 2.31 m/sec. 3.6 m/sec. starting from rest?
2z V8 = 2x v,,
z V 8 = x VA
10 Ve = 6 VA
Find the velocity of body A in the figure afterit Determine the velocity aualned by block A
has moved. starting from rest a the given Ve = 0.6V
alter moving a distance of 3.6 m.starting from
position, for 9 ft. long along the frictionless rest. ·
surface shown.
Pos:wortc. Neg.Work = Change in K.E.
300 200
w,:'300 lb.
200(17 - 10) • 0 =S4.4 (VA2- 0) + 64_ 4 (Vs2 - 0)
Solution:
300 2 200 )2
200(7) = VA + (0.6VA N1=.1500 () = 900 N
64.4 64.4 F1 = 900 (0.20} = 180 N
1400 = 5.776VA2
N2 = 2000 ( ) = 1600 N
VA 15.57 fps
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F2 = 1600 (0.2) = 320 N
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_, Pdfbooksforum.com 417
1200(28) -180(28) - 1200(S) - 320(S) = i between the blocks and the ramps is 0.30. = (9 1) [(0.14)2 - (G , .\2]
5
© Calculate the angle e which the ramp must 1.5 • 0.4 =- 0.00716
[(7.2)2 - (0)2] + [(3.6)2- {0)2J
tan 8
make with the horizontal so that the blocks
520 S'= 5284 0 45 40m
will transfer without slipping lo the lower 1.50716 = ·
S = 10.2 m. ·conveyor belt moving at the speed of tan 8
0.14 mis. ·e = 16.62'
@ Compute the angular velocity of the
y
conveyor pulley at A.
® Compute the angular velocity of the @ Angular velocity of pulley at A
convey6r pulley al B. V1 = rro
The 150 kg carriage has an initial velocity of 3 0.4 =0.15w
mis down the incline al A, when a constant
0
Solution:
Positive rk - Negative wo = i m(V 2 2
2 - V1 ) ,
© How far above the river is the jumper when
the cord brings himto stop? kyf dy =m f
2
dV
@ Determine the maximum velocity of the 0 V1
F = µN
jumper during hisfall.
1100(3)-1471.5 Sin (3) = (150}[V2 -(-)2J F = µ W Cos e = 0.3 W Cos 8 · · @ Determ!ne the maximum force that the
3300 - 1471.5{5)(3) = 150(V2 - 9) cord exert on him. _
13 2
w Sin8 s'- FS= (Vl.V12} © Determine the maximum acceleration of
the man during.his fall.
V2 -9= 21.36 1.5 =Sin 8
V = 5.51 mis
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2
!_ =
2
(V22 - V12) block has traveled untilit willstop.
1 '1110)
- 2 (9.01 (t9.02i2
t.
200(y)2 = 90[(2g)(18 + y) - O] Solution: 130\, '
20Qy2 = 31784.4 + 1765.8y ·l· Using work energy equation from A to B i \
120m \
y2 • 8.829y - 158.92 ::0 Positive work - negative work
0 -100 x Sin 45' = ( . ) 0)2 '
y = 17.nm = change inkinetic energy
-.!J.1QQl 2 .!(100) 2 T
h = 40 - 17.77 - 18 100 (10) - 0 - 2 (9.81) Va - 2 (9.81) (10) _ 1(100) (19 82)2
2 9.81 .
h = 4.23 m. V8 = 17.21 mis
x =28.32 m.
·2· Maximum vloci y of the jumper IV Using work energy equation from B to C VA = O
V22 = 2g(18 + y)
BC
- 10(45)(1t) Total di - Ve= 0
=10 + 7.85 + 28.32.
- 180
Vl = 2(9.81)(18 + 17.77) BC = 7.85 m.
stance h= 120 - 120Cos ·
V2 = 26.49 mis Total distance =46.17 m. h = 16.077 m.
\;i1 Maximum force that the cord exert on him
P=100N
F = ky 1500 (62.832)- 100 (9.81) (16.077 + 0.5S)
F = 200(17.77)
F = 3554 N
.. ......'fS
A
h= 10 - 10 Cos 45"
B
;--"h
Solution: F =µN
F = 0.20(400)
© Velocity at B: F = 80N A wooden block starting.from rest, slides 6 in.
A A 500 N block is resting on an inclined plane down a 45' slope, then 3 m. along a level
and is subjected to a constant force of 600 N ·Using Work - Energy equation from A to C surface and then·up a 30" inclined until it
comes to rest again. The coefficient of friction
acting parallel to the inclined plane. After the
block has moved 3 m. from rest along the
Pos. Work - Neg.Work "' 01i-V12) is 0.15 for allsurfaces of contract. ·
inclined plane, the force 600 N i removed. ·ow - tj- ose +
The inclined plane has a slope of 3 vertical to =1 500 (0 - 0)
4 horizontal. Coefficient of friction is 0.20. 2 9.81
500(3)
1800 - 240 - 80 x - (3 + x) = 0
5
x =1.74 m.
Using Work - Energy Equation from A to B .
1W @ Velocity of the block when the 600 Nforce
W (10 - 2) = 2 g (Vs2 -VA
was removed:
(2) 8 (9.81) = Vs2 (0)2
Vs = 12.53 mis
© Which of the following gives the distance
i> Velocity at C: (i) Which of the following gives the distance the block moves up the 30' inclined
Using Work Energy Equation from A to C that the block will move further .along the secUon until it stops.
inclined plane untilit will stop. ® Which of the following gives the total
W (10) = (Vc2 - VA @ Which.of the following gives the velocity of distance
@ Which travel
of the ed untilgiivstop.
following es the vek>cily of
the block when the force 600 N was
10(2)(9.81) = vc2 removed. 1 in Kinetic Energy
Pos.Work - Neg. Work =- Change the block as it moves backward from D
Ve = 14.01mis. @ ·"Which of the following gives the velocity of and a horizontaldistance of 2 m.from C.
600(3) - 8.0(3) - 300(3) =-2 'g!!.ri32 - v12)
the block when it returns to its initial
position. _ 2QQ . 2 Solution:
· ( Hqr.distance of C from 8: 66 - 9_81(2) (V3. - O}
<D Distance the block moves up the 30'
Vs=12.3 mis V3 = 5.09 mis
Solution : indn
i ed plar.e until it stop:
BLSjo;'\ <D Distance the block will move further untilit
will stop: Q': Velocil.y of block when it returns to its
original position:
g x2
y = x tan e -- --
2 V2 Cos2 e
1w 2 2 .
2- 30' 9.81x2
- - x tan - 2(12.53}2 Cos2 30' N "' 500 Cos e 1
Pos.Work - Neg. Worl< = 2 wg (V42·- Vr}
_2 Pos.Work - Neg.Work = 2 g (V2 - V1 )
1.55 = 0.051 Ve 2
I
N1 = W Cos 45. Ve= 5.51 mis
F1= µ N1
F1= 0.15 W Cos 45· If,,S: W Cos 30·
F2 = µ Ni Wf?j 1w .
F2 =0.15 W 2
A train on a level track weighs 1800 kN. The
Pos. Work - Neg.Work = 2 (Vi- V1 ) g
NJ=W Cos 30"
total frictional resistance at any speed is Work - 30 (1500) - 1800 Sine (1500)
F3 = µNJ 50 N/kN. - 1800_ •2
F3:: 0.15WCos 30· - 2(9.8"1) [(16.67) - OJ
<D Which of the following gives t work done Using work energy equation:
W Sin 45"(6) - 0.15W Cos 45· (6) - 0.15W p) Sin 9 = tan 0 (for small angles) Pos.work. Neg_.work = Change inK.E.
ni bringing \JP the velocity of the train from
Sin 0 = 0.01
- 0.15 W Cos 30" (S) - W Sin 30" S = O rest to 60 kp if the change of speed is w Sin30(5) - F{S) = (VB2 - vA2)
4.24 -0.64 - 0.45 - 0.13 S - 0.50 S = 0 accompl shed in a distance of.1.s km.
@ Which of the following g!ves the additional Work - 30(1500) - 1800(0.01)(1500) F = µN
S = 5 m. work to be done if the track were an - 1800 2 F = 0.30 W Cos 30"
upgrade of 1.0in100. - 2(9.81)[(16.67) - OJ F = 0.26 W
·· total distance it traveled from A to D: Work = 97494 kN.m .. . _ _Jj_ 2
( . ) (Vs - 0)
D =6 + 3 + 5 - Solution: W(0.5)(5) - 0.26W(5) -2 9 81
Additional work done = 97494 ·95989 VB = 4.85 mis
D "14 m. <D Work done: Additional work done = 1505 kN.m
1800 kN
w Distance the package traveled on the
@ Velocity of block at E:
' horizontal surface.
.,,,_""'"C"''''" ..
• FI..}Ifi J;Jlh)i )f , :r: V1=4.85 mis
. ....._.. _ i; u.z: .,;.:.;:,,;:...: 1 ..,..:".·.
1500 m "he coefficient of ·kinetic friction between the - V2=0
..ackage and the surface is 0.30. If the
50 Jackage is released from rest at A.
F "' (1800)
1000 ;) Which of the following gives the speed of
F =30 kN the package al B.
NJ= W Cos 30" ·) Which of the following gives the distance
. 2 1w "L" that the package travels on the
FJ= µN3
FJ= 0.15 W Cos 30" g
Pos.Work - Neg.Work = 2 (V2 - V12) horizotal surface before coming to rest at
C. .
N4 = W v = 60000 Which of lhe following gives the velocity of
F4=µN4 3600 the package at point D, 3 m.from B along
V = 16.67mis the horizontal.
F4 = 0.15 W
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425
LK
ihe package at E. height of 1.2 m. upona spring whose modulus
is 20 N/mm. What velocity will the block have
'EL
Solution: at the instant the spring is deformed 100 mm?
(i) Value or P t? reach the package at D. N=lOOO W=SOO N
P(r) A F =µN
0 r 2m F = 0.20(1000) fT i. _ .
l ·; :·······:'·.·;0-f(s=o.1
::t
T = 250 - 250a
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+ 1000a = _ 250a
200 250
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VE = 4.43 mis
g '9
1250a =
g 50
.
a = 0.3924 m/sec2
"
W,f11i
The car shown is moving toward' the bumper
;
spring and has a kinetic energy of 12500 N.m. .j
The main shield "a - a• is connected to the
Solution: main spring which carries a modulus of
200,000 Nim. The two auxiliary bumper
The block of mass m = 1.6 kg slides aloilg the
N= (3000) = 2400 N shields "b - b" are 0.30 m. behind a - a• arid horizontal rough plane shown iii the figure.
The position coordinate x is measured from ·
are attached to secondary ·springs, each of
F = 2400 (0.20) = 480 N the underformed position of the ideal spring,
·which has a modulus of 100,000 Nim. When which has stiffness of K =.30 Nim. ·/iJ. x 0 =
Neglectfng friction of the 200 N collar against the car is b ought to rest, what will have been the block is initially moving to the right witry
1800(1.2) - 480{1.2) .1500($)2 =i [(0)2. (0)2]
its vertical guide, compute the velocity of the
collar after it has fallen 2.10 m starting from
the greatest movement of •a - a"? What
percentage of energy has been. absorbed by
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speed V1=6 rrJs. .
Pos. work - Neg. work =' Change in KE <D Determine the velocity of. the collar at
x = 1 m.
O - (x22 - x12) -Fx2 = m(V22 - V12) ® Determine the :icceleration of the collar at
x= 1 m.
30 2 1 2 @ Determine:the normal reaction of the collar'
· z(X2 - 0) - 3.139 x2=2( 1.6) [0 -(6 ) ) to the shaft at x = 1 m.
@ Change in gravitational potential energy <V Just before it passes point C. @ Normal force exerted by the guide on the © Compute the change in gravitati>nal
from A to B • @ Just after i passes point C. ·
slider just before It passes E pote1'!ial energy of the slider as it passes
At point A: @ Just before iipasses point E. point C.
V91 =wh @ Compute the change inelastic potential
V91 = 0 ,Solution: energy of the slider as it passes point C.
CD Normal force exerted by the guide on the @ Compute the velocity of the slider as it
slider befor iipasses C passes point C. ·
w
At pointB:
V92 = wh Solution:
© ·Change in gravitational potential energy of
V92 = ·3(9.81)(0.8) the slider as it passes point C:
V92 =_- 23.544 Joules ; mV./!r
AT
in gravitational potential e.nergy + 1.433 x.1·=·0.l
change inelastic potential energy
Wor1< =!m(Vc2 - VA2)+ wh +!k[(x2)2· (x1)2]
2 2
W1 = · f F dx w =.-(30) ((2.1)2·( 0.3]
0.233
H33 W =-64.B N.m
W = - 64.8 Joules -
U= t.T+ t. V9 + t.Ve
f I.Sm
. .·
W1=· Kx dx
231.75 = (10)(\ic2 - O) + 73.575 + 121.s
0.233 @ Angular velocity when ii reaches the
5Vc2 = 231.75 • 73.575 - 121.5 horizontal position:
Vc = 2.71 m/s W1 '= •
J
1.433
·8ox dx
0.9 m i
Positive work • Neg. work = 19 w22 .• 0
0.233
c
_l Is = l+md2
80x2]1.433
W1=· - l9 =ml2+ md2
.2 0.233 (!) Which of the following gives the worlc dofte . 12
w, =.40 ((1.433)2 • (0.23)2] to its weight when the bar reaches the 2 2
W1 = ·79.97 N.m horizontal position. ts = 7) + 20(0.45)2
The 50 kg block at A is mounted on rollers so
(2.l Whichof the following gives the wor1< done
lhal it moves along the fixed horizontal railwith
negllgible friction under the action of the ® Work done on the system by the constant .. by the spring when the bar reaches the is·= 16.20 kg.m2
constant 300 N force inthe cable. The block is 300 N force inthe cable. horizontal position. 1
·.:leased from rest at A', with the spring to W2 =F S 1 1 Which of the following gives the angular 88.29 - 64.80 =,2 (16.20) w22
velocity of the bar when iireaches the
which it is attached extended an initial amount s = .../ (1.2)2+ (-0.9)2- • 0.90 w2·= 1.703 rad/sec.
x 1 = 0.233 m. The spring has a stiffness of horizontalposition.
K = 80N/m. S =0.6 m.
W2 = 300(0.6) Solution:
300N
• W2 = 180 N.m (Joules)
@ Velocity of the block as it reaches point S.
()) Wor1< done by the weight:
Work done = 20(9.81)(0.45)
w.m
1 Work done = 88.29 N.m A 5 kg collar slides without friction along a rod
2
W1 + W2 = 2m (V22 - V 1 ) Work done = 88.29 Jou!es which makes an angle of 30' with the vertical.
The spring is unslrelched when the collar is at
1 A.If the collar is release from rest at A.
• 79.97 + 180 =2 (50) (V ·0)
V2= 2 m/s
1.2 m
CD Compute the work done by the spring
force.
® Compute the work done on the system by
the constant 300 N force inthe cable.
w.tJ
@ Compute the velocity of the block as it The uniform 20 kg slender AC shown rotates
reaches point S. ni a·vertical plane about.the smooth pin at S.
The ideal spring connected between A and the
Solution: fixed point D has a spring constant K = 30 Nim 2' Work doneby the spring ( •):
Ul Work done y the spring force. and an undeformed length L0 = 0.90 m. When © Compute the potential energy at A.
X2 1.2 + 0.233 1.433 the bar is at rest in the initial position 0 = o, i W = ·}K (x22 • x12) ® Compute the value of the spring constant .
is given a small angular displacement and K for which the velocity of the Collar at B
x, =0.233 released. x2 = 3 • 0.9 is 1.5 m/s.
x2 = 2.1m. @ Compute the potential energy at B.
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Potential energy:
1' Solution:
P.E. = 2 Kx2- wh © Velocity.of the callar as it strikes the spring . The 6 kg cylindrical collar is released from rest
in the position shown and drops onto the
x = 0.866 - 0.5 N =-2(9.81) Cos 60' . 2(9.81)=19.62
spring. Calculate the velocity of the cylinder.
x =.0.366 N= 9.61 · 60" · when ttie spring has been compressed 50 mm.
h = 0.5 Cos 30' F:;: µkN · .
h = 0.433 F = 0.40 (9.61) . . F- ? ·
'F = 3.924 N N \ - 39
.-
4
' 1 '
P.E.-= K (0.366)2 5(9:81)(0.433) .Pqs. work - Neg.work = 2 m {Vl- V12)
P.E. = 0.067K - 21.24 1 •
1 19.62 Sin 60' (0.5) - 3.924(.5) = 2 (2)(V22 0)
0 = 2m V2 + P.E. Solution:
V2 = 2.56 m/s
Initial velocity.or cylinder
O = (5)(1.5)2 + 0.067K - 21.24 Maximum deflection of the spring. 1 1
15.615 = 0.067K 2mV12 "' 2kx2
Solution:
K = 233 N/m Velocity of the cylinder when the spring has
been compressed by 50 mm.
(45)V12 =- (1050)(0.075)2
ia! energy at B.
. .@ Pten
V1 == 0.3623 mis
P.E.= 0.067K. 21.24
'\
P.E.= 0.067(233) 21.24
P.E. =:- 5.629 Joules 6kg 1 1
2m(Vl - V12) =2k(0.012)2
.500 mm
sso ...,, (45)[Vi2- (0.3623)2J = (1050)(0.012)2
19.62 Sin60" {x + 0.5) - 3.924(K + 0.5) ·
f V2:: 0.37 mis
=2K x2
The 2 kg collaris released from rest at A and ' 1 '
slides down the inclined fixed rod .in the 16,99 (x + 0.5) - 3.924(x + 0.5) = 2 (1600) x
vertical plane. The coefficient of kinetic friction 1 m· ·
is 0.4. 13.066 (x + 0.5) = 800x2 W(0.550) • 2kx2 =2(Vl_- V12) ,
13.066 (x + 0.5) = 600 x2
OJ Compute the.velocity of the collar as it x2 - 0.01633x - 0.008166 = 0 ' 6(9.81)(0.550) • (12000)(0.05)2 ;:: (V2 - 0)
strikes the spring. 0.01633 ± 0.18147
Compute the maximum deflection of the x= 2 " V = 2.41 m/s
spring. x = 0.0989 m.
@ Compute the work done by the spring. x = 96.9 mm
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438-A
IWORK AND ENERGYI IWORK AND'ENERGYI
16,000.
18-A Problem: 618-8. Problem :
The power winch A hoist the 360 kg log up the A 10000 kg airplane must reach a velocity of
25' incl ned al a conslant speed of 1.2 m/s If 60 mis to take off.- If the horizontal force
the power output of the winch is 4 kW. exerted by the planes engine is 60 l:N aild
neglectin'g other horizontal forces .
·- · <D What length of runway is needed?
\; ;::;;•·100 ® Suppose you want to design an auxiliary
A train weighs 16,000 kN. The train resistance rocket unit that will allow the airplane to
is constant at 96,000 N. If 6000 hp are Solution: reach its take off speed using only 100 m.
<?)v.'.11.;.ito pull this train up a·2% grade, what
P(300) - 5000(300) - 1000(1000)(1 0)(300) of runway, what horizontal component of
l'l •ls speed inkph? thrust must the rocket unit provide?
- 1(1000) (1000) [(12)2 - (6)2] <D Which of the following gives the tension in
16,000 the cable. . Assume that the combined mass of the
-2 9.81 rocket and the airplane is 10500 kg.
® Which of the following gives the value of
P = 43349 N the coefficient of kinetic friction µk @ Determine the maximum power
· transferred to the airplane whenit takes off
.
11
PV
hp= 746
between the log and the incline.
@ If the power is suddenly
kW, what
is the increased ton6g
correspondi
at 60 m/s with a horizontal force exerted
by the planeengine equal to 60 kN.
ll - 43349 (12)
hp - 746
instantaneous cce!eration of the log.
Solution:
Solution: <D Length of runway needed:·
hp = 697 hp <D Tension in cable
Work = ..!. m V2
Solution: N = 3532 Cos 25' 2
N = 3200 N
p = 96,000 + 16,000 {1000) ( 1) T =µk N+ 3532 Sin25' 60000L = .!. (10000)(60)2
P=416,000 N T = 3200 µ[ef1 + 1493 2
I ?1111 -
6 . 6 m/s
v = 100(1000) P =40.54 KW
Work= f (4400 + 50000$) dS
.
·i
3600
V= ; -., rnls 0
F = 911.1e sin e
(P -1000 - 200000 Sin 0)(1000) ··
F = 971.19Sin 1.72' = 200000 ((40)2 - (20)2]
F = 29.15
2(32.2) ·'
Water enters a hydraulic reaction turbine with
.P -1000 -200000 = 3726.71 a velocity of 12 fps and leaves it 3 ft. lower
P =FV
=
P 29.15(6) = 174.9 watts P= 8726.71 with a velocity of 4 fps.If 100000 lb. of water
· flo the turbine each second, compute the
Mf.flrlWAJ,d!.JX;.<t'. .
PV horsepower output. Assume the turbine is 80% A 50 N weight is swung in a vertical circle at
@ Average power output of a 54 kg woman hp=- efficient. the end of the 1.8 m cord. The maximum
p = Worl< 550
h - 8726.71(40} strength of the cord is200 N.
Time
- 54(9.81)(2.75) p- 55o
P- 5 <D Detem1ine the minimum velocity at which
hp = 635·hp the cord will break. Can the weight be
P = 29 .4watts swung through a complete circle?
® What must be the minimum strength oflhe
cord for the weight to be swung in a
.complete verticalcircle?
:' w.,,,..-: ,/-. ..........
V=4 fps I ,
A train weighing 100 tons is being pulled up a I \
2% grade. The train resistance is constant at Water flows through a nozzle 1 in.in diam.
2
10 lb. per ton. "The speed of the train is under a head of 400 ft. to drive a turbine.
·Turbine is90% efficient and is connected to a I
<;:/
increased from 20 fps!o 40.fps in a distance of
.1000 ft. F-i.rd the maximum horsepower
generator which is ,94% efficient. What is the Solution:
horsepower output in kilowatts? a = 100000
developed by'lhe locomotive.
62.4
W=IOO tons Solution: Q = 1602.56 tt3tsec.
v = f29ti t 50
sov2tgr
!.L+!:!+ Z = !2::+!:2.+ Z + HE
v = '12 3(-.2-)(400) v2 P v2 P
V = 160.50 fps 2g Yw
!:1= + 3
1 2g Yw 2
--- -ts v..i ; --
Q = AV Yw Yw
Solution:
w
R+ 3 - & .
A .
50
2 (160.50l . 2(32.2) Yw + - 2(32.2) +Yw HE
a= 4 12)2 .
rt (1
;F.S. = (Vl-V1 ) 2.24 + 3 - 0.248 = HE /
, --........
29
a = 0.875 ft3/sec. I
' \,
\ HE = 4.99 ft.
P =QywE
H _ OywE ( T=O ,
P = ?1840 watts output
p = 0.875(62.4)(400)
. 0.90{0.94)
p - 550
H _ 1602.56(62.4)(4.99)(0.80}
p- 550
v. ) \' -...:..-'B"'. '"· ,/'
·
But Va2 = VA2 - 2 gh
1.2gCos 0 =3.6g- 2g (1.2 + 1.2 Cos 0}
cos 0 = 3- 2 (1 + Cos 0)
Solution:
T = 500 Cos (90 - 9) +g
-
soo v2 2
e 100 r
T = 50 + so v2 Cos 9 =3- 2 - 2Cos·9 1000 = 500 Sin 9 500 Vz 2
gr T=400 J h::l.2+1.2Cose 1
so v2
r
' 3
'
200 = 50 + 9.81f1.8)
Cos 0=-
V = 7.27 m/sec. +---
..
gr
h = 1.2 +.1.2 Cos 9
0
h = 1.2 + 1.2 ( ) ·').
v2 2 = V1 2 + 2 gh
® Minimumstrength of the cord . lOOYlgr . h = 1.6 nt Vz = 0 + 2 g (r Sin9)
At A, .T = O
50
/ ---··,,, @ Result if the corcfis replaced by a stiff
V2 2 = 2 gr.sin,a
g r
= 50
· .. /c'Il rodof negflgible weight
At B, Va =O Substitute e in 0:
\_)t;?1'
VA2 =gr
Ve2 = VA2 -2 gh 2 * Sin e +
2 gr Sin 0
-
Vs2 = VA2 + 2 g_h 0 = 3.6 g - 2 gh gr
v82 =gr+ 29(2 r) h = 1.8m. 2 = 3 Sin 0
. 2
Ve2 =5 gr S1n 0 =3
0 = 41.8'
At B: 1
100VA 1gr
50V 2
T= 50 + -.!IL
g r
50 ''. A 500 N weight is attached to a stiff rod of
T = 50 -t- (5 gr) = 300 N Solution: ;negligible weight that is hinged at one end.
gr
<D Height above the lowest position t ·. .'·The rod is released from rest in a horizontal ·''I
:. The weight could nof\be swung in a weight rise on the circular path
·position and allowed to swing freely in a ,.i
' vertical arc.Through what angle must it swing A car sla'rting from rest at A is to attempt the
complete vertical circle. frictionless loop-the-loop shown..The car
At A, T = 400N : !'>cause aiension init of 1000 N?
1oovi weighs 750 Nand carries a 70-N man.
400 = 100 + g 1.2 W=l5001'.l
VA = 3:6 g soo
. A weight of 100 N is swung in a vertical circle
at the end of a 1.2 m cord. As the lowest At B, T = O
position of the weightthe tension in the cord is 1000 Vo2
400 N. --'-"- = 1000 Cos 0 ·
g r
© How.high above the lowest position will the Vs2 = 1.2 g Cos 0
weight rise on the circular path? .
@ ·What would this result be if the cord is Visit For more Pdf's Books
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weight? SOOV111/gr
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(' o
.
) "'
'
' c _../ ../
/ :!:
11, '\ W=750 N r
g (6) . 3
Cos e "' -
R = 4925 N 4
,\_ . / lVVc'!gr
'
... ..-"" ' t R
h= r - r Cos 8
h= r- r U)
Solution: h= i
rij Height inorder for the car to just clear the
A particle of weight W, moving at a velocity of 4
gap .gr/4 m/sec, at the top slides vertically alonQ the
surface of a smootti cylinder of radius "r". Find
V2 = V02 + 2 gH
the vertical height of the particle falls before it
v2 ;;; o + 2 g(h - 1.S} · leaves the cylinder. h "' 8 - 8 Cos 30·
v2 ;;; 2 g(h - 1.5)
v2 Sin 2 o
*Ml h = 1.07
R = ---
g A particle of weight W moving with a velocity of
= v2 Sin 45 V0 fps at A. slides vertically along the surface V2 = Va2 + 2gh
21 .5 9.B1 of a smooth cylinder of B fl. radius. It leaves V2 ':' V 2 + 2(32.2)(1.07)
0
2
V = 29B.3 · this surface al B. .
V2 = V02 + 68.91
(i)Determine the velocity of the block as i
29B.3 =_2 (9.B1) (h - 1.5)
< 2·
h = 16.70 m.
V = 14.94 fps
v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
V
0
o
f
t
h
e
b
l
o
c
k
2
W + N9 = g r V22 =+ 2 g (r - r Cos e) .
'
'
V2 ,;, V0 + 68.91
(14.94)2 = Va2 + 68.91
NBw=va2
---W ''
2 '
gr Vz =+ 2 gr - 2 gr Cos 8 V0 = 12.42 fps
N = 1500 (9.4 g) - 1500 9
B g (6) Vi2 = 4gr - 2 gr Cos 8 0
IF = net force
Mllll
t = time in seconds
V2= final velocity
. V1 =initial velocity
W = weight of objsecl
a = 8 Sin30'
a =4
y = 8 + 8 Cos 30'
y = 14.93 Solution: for constant force
h = 2.4 - 2.4 Cos 8
n.-2
e IJ= = net force
y = x tan e --ll.'..'..... . !ft = m(V2 - V1)
2 V2 Cos2e Va2 = VA2 + 2 gh IJ== P - F
w
. 32.2x2
- 14.93 = x tan 30 - 2(14.9'4)2Cos2 30·
v82 = (1.5)2 + 2 g ·(2.4 - 2.4 Cos e) (P- F)t =-g(Vr \11) _g_ r1
va2 = 49.338 - 47.088 Cos e o O S= wJ . (t1 - XPdt
0
- 14.93 = 0.577x - 0.096x2
W Vg 2
x2':. .01x - 155.52 = 0 - -=Cos e
g r
x = 9.82
v82 ;:; 9.81 (2.4) (Cos 6)
Vg2 = 23.544 Cos 8
N
D = 4 + 9.82
Case O Solution: w
IFx·t = 9(V2 - V1)
Given:W= 322 lb. © Velocity after 10sec.
30(6) 322 1500
Initial velocityis zero (250. 150) t = 9.81 (14.5.0) Determine the value of P that will give the
2 •3(4) = 32.2 (Vr V1) system of blocksin the figure shown a leftward ·
Find: . t = 22.2 sec.
78 = 10{Vz- 8) velocity of 20 fps', 10 seconds after starting
CD Velocity after 10 sec. from rest. •
V2 = 15.8 fps
® Displacement after 10 sec. @ me the block conUnue to p, ve
® Displacement after 10 sec.
w
}:Fx.t =9(V3·V2.)
Solution:
CD Velocity after 10 sec. S = VJ +WA . x 1500
(0 - 150) .t = 9.81 (0 -14.5)
V = area of the force time curve
2 6
s = 8(10) +;;·: [3 6
)
(6) .3(4)(2)] t = 14.8 seconds
400 1b
· ) •8(4) = (V2 • V0)
322 .s= 131.6 ft. Solution:
28 = 32.2 (Vz- 0)
V2 =12.8 fps
A horizontalforce of 1500 N pushes a 100 N
® Displacement after 10 sec. ·bfock up an indine whose slope is 3 vertical to
4 horizontal. If u k = 0.20, determine the lime
s --.9w
... Area • x 400lb
-required to increase the velocity of the block
A 1500 N block isin contact with a level plane · · from 3 to 15m/sec.
s = ; :[20J6 )(6) • 8(4)(2) ]
whose coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.10.
P- F2 - F1- 400 + 100
© If the block Is acted upon a horizontal force IF =
S " 29.6 ft. of 250 N, what time will elapse before the F =0.20N2
block reaches a velocity of 14.5 m/sec., N2 = 200 Cos 30' = 173.21 lb.
starting from rest?
® If the 250 N force Is then removed, how
Case @ much longer will the block continue to F2 = 0.20(173.21)
move? F2 = 34.64 lb.
Given: W= 322 lb. ' F1= 100(0.20)
Initial velocity = 8 fps 1500 F1= 20 lb.
F.ind: 4
<.D Valocity after 10 sec. Solution: IF = P - 34.64 - 20 •400 t 100
® Displacement after 10 sec. IF= P - 354.64
N = 1000 ( ) = 800 N
F = 0.20 (800) = 160 N m
:Ft = g (.V2 - V1)
gw
Solution: 400 100
© Time elapsed before the block reaches a · • L Fx • t = (V2 - V1) (P - 354.64)10= 32.2 (20 •0) + 32 .2 (20 - 0)
velocity of 14.5 m/sec.starting from rest 200
[1500 - 160 -1000 ( ) ] t = 1°(15 - 3)- + 32.2 (20 - 0)
F =u N 1000 20
F = 0.10 (1500)
740 t = (12) (P - 354.64)10 = a2.2 (400 + 100 +200)
9.81
F = 150 N t = 1.65 sec. p = 398.12 lb.
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450-A
IIMPULSE. MOMENTUM I IIMPULSE· MOMENTUM I
636-A Problem: 636-8 Problem
The total external force on a 10 kg object is A crate is placed on an incll 'plane which
The system shown in the figure has a A 64.4 lb. block is in contact with a smooth con$!anf and equal to 90i - 60j + 20k (N}. Al makes an angle of 30' with 1he horizontal and
righlwafd velocity of 10 fps: What value of P level plane. It is acted upon by a horizonta.I t = 2 sec., the objects velocity is - Si + 6j is supported by a cable attached to the winch
·wrllgive ita leftward velocity of 20 fps ina time force p which varies according to the relation (mis}. placed at the top of the inclined plane. The
interval of 20 sec. P = 12t - 3t2 where P is in pounds and t in crate has a mass of 120 kg. and the coefficient
seconds. <D What impulse isapplied to the object from.
of friction between it and the inclined plane are
t = 2 sec. to I = 4 sec.
µs = 0.6 and IJk=.50. ·
© Determine the max. positive velocity of the @ What is the objects velocity at. I = 4 sec.?
block. @ What is the z-component of the objects
<D What tension must the winch exert on the
® Determine the time when the block will velocity alt = 4 sec.? .cable to start the stationary crate sliding
again be at rest. . up the
inclined plane?
Solution: • @ What. is the velocity of the crate when ii
(P - 354.64)(20) = (
2
-0) (400 +100 + 200}
f (121- 3t2Jdt =
64
32.2
.4 (0 - 0)
.
@ Z-component of the objects velocity at
t = 4 sec. F = 0.6(1019.5)
F = 612 N
2 LFzl = m(V4z-Vz}
121 - 3t3 = 0 T = 120(9.81) Sin 30' -t F
P =387.2 lb. 2 3
20(2) = 10 (V4z-O) I T.= !i88 + 612
.6t2 - t3= 0
V4z= 4 mis ! T = 1200 N
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450-B 450-C
@ Velocity of the crate as it moves 2 m. up 636-C Problem: @ Average total force acting on the craft from @ Average of the tangential component of
the dock. t = 10 sec. to t = 20 sec. the total force fn?m t = O to t = 30 sec.
A ·1200 kg. helicopter starts from rest at t = 0.
The components of the total force on the V2 = 36i + 8j velocity at t = 20 sec. LFtaYe (12 -t1) = m (V2..: v1)
helicopter starts from rest at t = 0. The V2 = 30i + 3j velocity att = 10 sec. .LFllM! (30 -0) = 150(22 -0)
components of the total force on the helicopter Jdt = m (V2 -Vt) IFiw.= 110 N
from t = O to t = 10 sec. are given by F (l2 -t1) = 1200(36i + 8i) -1200(30i + 3i)
LF• = 12ot. iJy = 2160 - 36ot, fz = o. F(20 - 1O) = 12om+ 60ooj
::F = 7201+ 600j @ Average of the normal component of lhe
<D Determine the helicopters velocity at t = 10
totalforce from t = 0 lo t :: 30 sec..
sec. @ Magnitude of the force:
@ At t = 20 sec.. the helicopters velocity is
36i + 8j (mis). What is the average of the IF= (720)2 + (600)2 lF, = ma,
total force acting on the craft from t = 10 LF= 937.23N a:..L v.1
F =N µk sec. to t = 20 sec. Express in vector form. n r
@ Compute the magnitude of the average
F2= 120(9.81) Cos 30 (0.5) 636-D Problem: 200!-3!2
-
total force acling on the craft from t = 10 V.2 =-
F2 =50:;!.74 N 150
sec.lo t = 20 sec. The motorcycle starts from rest at t = O and
travels along a cirlar track with a 400 m. 150 (200!-3!' )'
radius. The tangential component of the total F= 150
Using work energy equation: Solution: force on the mbtorcyde from t = O to t = 30 L , 400
<D Helicopters velocity at t = 10 sec. sec. is LF1 = 200 - 6t (N). The combined
Pas work - Negwork = - 01..t--W) t,
mass of the motorcycle and rider is 150 kg. LF = (150)(200!- 3t' l'
2 ' f L,F dt = mf:V2 -V1)
© What is the magnitude of the velocity at
• (150)1 (400)
·i200(2)-120(9.81) Sin
12
3p·
(2)
t,
I= 30 sel:?
@ What is the average of the tangential
-509.74(2) =
0
(Vr-0) :F= F, i+ FYj + Fl k component of the total force from t = 0 to
(t, -t,) :LF ...,
= I"':LF.dt
2
L,F= 7201it(2160 -360t)j + 0 @ t = 30 sec.?
What is the average of the normal 1
- 300(30)' + (30)'
V2 =30.15 m / s 5
200(30) - 3(30)2 = 150 V2 L,Fnave" 89.3 N
V= 22 mis
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!IMPULSE ·MOMENTUM I
UMPULSE. MOMENTUMI
@ Objecls velocity at t =4 sec. Solution: .
@ Velocity of vehicle at t = 35 sec. Ft= m (V2-V1) © Friction·force necessary for equifibrium:
636-E Problem: l . 20 kg
Ft=213.3i + 480j
The 21,900 kg fire truck .design for rapid
J}J1 dt=m{V2 -V1)
0 213.3i + 480j = 20[V2-(8i-4j)]
respons to airport emergencies , accelerates
213:3i + 480i = 20\/2 - 2o(Bi -4i)
from rest to 80 kph in 35 sec.
© lf you assumed as a first approXimation
J (10000 + 140t) dt = 21900 v
0
t
2-
213.3i + 160i +480j - 80j = 20V2
o
that the tangential force exerted on the
vehicle is constant,what is the magnitude [ 10000t +·
14
.
2 l 35
= 21900 V2
373.32i + 40oj = 20V2
V2 = 18.71+ 20}
20(9.81)=196.20 N
I
0
30"
Aww#\WNRM J8 V1=- kph
Solution:
<D Mass of the object.
F = Fx i+ Fyj
V1=0 ® Objects velocity at t = 6 sec.
I Fx = 10! • Att = O, Vx O. Vy = 20 mls
Lfa.,.. t= m (V2 -V1) Fy=60 At t=6
8000
V1= - -
. 3600
V1 = - 2.222 mis
V2 = 1600
Nt = 40 Sin 30' + 196.20 Cos 30' 3600'
N1 = 189.91 V2 = + 0.444 mis
f1= µk N1
f1 = 0.22(189.91) Fa...e (0.4) = 1270 [0.444 -(- 2.222)] At t = 12 sec. Vx = 48 mis Impulse = area of shaded diag.of Fx
'1= 41.78 N Fave = 8465 N At t= O Vx1= O SO(S)· = m {V6x - 0)
The blockwill move downward: 2
1 m fY-l- - W) @ Average acceleration of the car during the l:Fx t = m (Vx - Vx1)
Work = - S0(5J = 15 V6x
2 Impact: 120(12) 2
19620 Sin30'(2) -41.78(2) - 40 Cos30' (2) --=- m (48-0)
V2= V1 :ta t 2 V6x= 12 mis
= _! (20)(V22 -0) 0.444 = - 2.222 + a(0.4) m ::: 15 kg.
2 a = 6.67 m!s2
I V2= 2.08 mis
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450-H
!IMPULSE" ·MOMENTUMI
IIMPULSE.· MENTUM I
Impulse= area of shaded diagram of Fy ·@ Objects velocity at t = 4 sec. · Problem: . . #,f/;j Problem: · ·· : :·
,· • \ '"" r
At I= 2 sec., Vx = - 8, Vy = 6, Vz = 0
Fy f x I=m (V4x -Vx) ,The force.-time curve for a body weighing A body initially at rest is acted upon by a
161 lb.is given as hewn. Assuming that the constant force of 18lb.for 5 sec.after which .
90(2) = 10{V4x + 8) · initial velocity V0 = 6 fps. an opposite force of 12lb. is applied. In what
a<!ditional time wilt the body come to rest?
V4x = 10mis <D Compute the bodes velocity after 6 sec.
.·<2> Compute the displacement after 6 sec. 'Solution:
0 6
LFY t = m'(V4y - Vy) Additional time the body will come to rest
·60(6) = m (Vay -O) - 60(2):: 10 (V4y - 6) LFt.=m(V2 Vd
60(6) = 15 Vsx V4y =• 6 mis 18(5) -12! = m(O)
Vs = 12i+ 44j t =7.5 sec.
JO
2 ffi (.31+ 2)
s-- 6(6) +. 3126.12 [.!Q 2(6)(1) ]. 2
J(121- 4t )dt = 2
;:;(V - O)
smoorh ,',
Solution: .co m
., 3 N N
= 10V
1_21< _ 1!._ I.ft = m(V2·V1)
2 3
612 - t3 =10V
J Pdt = m0/2 • V1)
J(10t - t2)dl =Y!(V2 - V1) Solution: ·
N=200
1W
Po.s work - Neg.work = 2 (V22- V12)
50 Cos 30' (40) - F (40)
g
3
--
W=200 N
50Cos 30"
10J 0 15 2 3 ma
1 2
1 8 s= . (1501- 101 - 1st + t )dt
S=
10 0
J
(961- 4412° + 4t3)dt 0
15
A 50 N force is applied on the 200 N block
s =1. [96t
2
- 44t3 + 4t4 ]
8 s = J...
10 J 0
(1501. 25t 2 + t3)dt which is at ret as-shown in the figure. F=l7.82 N
N
10 2 3 4 0 s = 1.[1so12 _ 2513 + r] 1
5
Pdfbooksforum.com . w
10 2 3 4 0 5 0 Cos 30" - F = -a
s = 110 [48(8)2 • (8)3 + (8d g
1[ 1151 ]
S =- 34.1ft.
s = 10 (15)2 -
75 (15)3 +Visit For more Pdf's Books 43.30--17.82. =
200
a
g-
25 Pdfbooksforum.com
3
s = 140.6 ft. · a =1.2 m/s2.
:----,---
!
I
·
-
.SON
30·
644-A Problem:
The total force on a 20 kg object is.
@ Average total force on the object from t = 0
to t= 4 sec.
LF..,(b-b) rn(Y2-V1)
·
I
... 10t2 i+ 60j (N). If...(4 -0) = 20[(18.7i + 20j) -(8i-4j}
P l7.82N Alt:: O, lhe objects velocity i fl -4j (mis). 4f-= 374i+ 400j-160i + 80j
N N
1
N © What impul is applied to the object from LFave =.2141:480j
LFxt=m (V2- V1) = =
t 0 to t 4 sec.
. 200
(50 Cos 30· - 17.82)(20) = 9.81 f'/2· 0) . ® What isthe objects velocity at t "4 sec.
LFllY. = 53.51+ 120}
@ What is the average total f0• -e on the
V2= 25 m/s
object from t = 0 to t = 4 sec.
. w .2 644-8 Problem :
POS;W9fk -Neg = 2 g (V2 -Vl) N= 200(9.81). Solution: The crate has a mass of 120 kg ·and lhe
200 F = 0.25(N) coefficients of friction between it and the
© Impulse applied to the object from t = 0 to sloping dock are µs = 0.6 and µt = 0.5. The
50 Cos 30' x -17.82 x·=.2 (9.81) .(25)2 F = 0.25 (200)(9.81) t ::4 sec or for a period of 2 sec.
F = 490.5 N crate starts from rest and the winch exertes a
x =2S0 m. tension ofT = 1220 + 200!(N).
Impulse = ft
Pos.work- Neg. work = chanqe in kinetic
energy f•
Impulse= (10!2 i+601)) dt © What impulse is applied to the._aate during
t = 0.25.sec.
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454-B
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455 1
!IMPULSE. MOMENTUMI UMPULSE -MOMENTUMI
J
Impulse = {12_1.+ 200t) at
0
SoluUon: t = 4 + 2.46
t
= 6.46 sec. {time the skip wil rewrse
© Velocity of projectile at t= 3 sec.
impulse = [121.661. 2 12
I Vx1= 20Cos60'
Vx1=10
mis
Vy1 = 20 Sin 60'
its direction)
1W 1
Pos. Work - Neg. Work =- (V".J- - V12)
Pos. Wor1< - Neg. W011<::.29(Vl - V12) . 2g
4 A box slides from rest at point A down an The 5 ky. block at rest at at time t = 0 is acted
200(0\ ·F{ l)1 = 0 [(10)2. OJ inclined plane inclined 30· to the horizontal. W Si 30' x • F1 x •F2 (2) = (0 • 0)
on by a horizontal force that varies with time t
After reaching the bottom of the plane, the box 0.5 W x - 0.3464 W x-0.40 W (2) = O as shown.
SOu ·.::Of = 2038.74
moves on a horizontal floor at a distance 2 m.
F = 132.06 before coming to rest. Coefficient of friction x = 5.21m.
F = µN between the box and the fl()()( is 0.40.
132.06 = µ (400)
<D Which of the following gives the distance
µ = 0.33 - from point A to the intersection·of the ® Velocity of block at B:
inclined plane and the horizontal floor. Pos.Work - Neg. = . 1W
(Va2- v a
@ Total distance the b!oc will move until it ® Which of the following gives the velocity of Wotlc .-2 g Al
will stop: the block as it reaches the intersection of W Sin 30.(5.21) •0.3464W(5.21)
400 00 400
the inclined plane and the horizontal floor.
@ Which of the following gives the total lime
w 2
of travel unit it slop.
= 2(9.81).rJe -O) ;;"" i
..:·
2.605 - 1.80 = 0.1\j) Va2 '
Solution: :
<D Distance from A to the intersection of Ve= 3.66 nVS .
o .;
· : .2.-'--3-"--'--'---" -s
inclined plane and horizontal floor.
Time (t)
w
3 ® Total time of vet until it wiU stop:
1W Vz=O ·. <D Which of the following gives the initial
Pos. Work • Neg.Wor1< = 2 g (V32 - V12) From A lo B: acceleration of the block.
kFx t1 = m (Ve- VA) ® Which of the following gives the velocity
after 5 sec.
200130) - 132.06(3Cj -132.06x = 2 1)(0-0) CW sin 30' - 0.3464 W) .t 1 =(3.66 - O) @ Which of the following gives the distance
x :: 15.43 m. traveled after 5 sec;
3.66 .
t1 = 9.81(0.1536)
Total dis!:ince tr&\laleJ = 30 t- \5.43
Totaldistir.si:: tra·,;:!sd = 45.43 m.
t1 = 2.43 sec. Solution:
<D Initialacceleration of block:
From B toC:
LFx t2 = (V2- Ve)
V.s=3.66 mis Vt=<J w
r-----,
I
1
I
1
I
I (0 • 0.40 W) t2 = g (0 •3.66)
t 3.66
I 2 = 9.81(0.4)
N1= W Cos 30' t2 = 0.94 sec. when t = O
N1 = 0.866 W P = 20 N
F1 =µ N Total time = 2.43 + 0.94 20 =m a
F1= 0.40(0.866) W 20 = 5 a
Total time = 3.37 sec.
lf'"/ • F1= 0.3464 W .
(200 .i32.06J t :: 9 ! 1 \10 .0) a = 4 mlsec2
F2 = µ N2
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460
I1MPU1:82 MOMENTUMI
UMPULSE • MOMENTUM I'
-
A 50 kg block initially at rest is acted up0n by a
force P which varies as shown. !(nowing that·
the coefficient of kinetic friction between the
block and the horizontal surfaceis 0.20.
=
P Cos 30" + W Sin 30" ma.
50 kg .I
2--i-
. 4 5
2-.+-l-l P Cos 30" + mg Sin 30" = ma
I
P = 20 N (from diagram)
Acceleiation Diagram 20 Cos 30" + 5(9.81) Sin 30· = Sa
LFxt =m V a = 8.4 mts2
20(2) P(N)
20(2) + 2 - 0 = 5(V4 - 0) s = 4 (2) (4).+ 2 (73) Ql Velocify after 5sec:
s = 41:33 m. ' LFx t =m(V -V0)
60
V4=5= 12 m/s [P Cos3o· + W Sin 30"]2
V4 = V5 =12 mis (vel.at t = 5 sec.) + Co30" W 30"]
Sin 2
... w Sin30'P) = m(Vs - V
'*' [20Cos 30' + 5(9.81) Sin 30J 2 <D Which of the following gives the vvelocity
of the blockafter 3 sec.
V2 = 8 mis
sr F=0.20(50)= JO kg
Time (/)
N=50.kg
S= + o\!j + 4(2)0)+ 12 <D Determine the initial acceleration of the
P(N)
blo k.
S = 41.33 m. (2) Determine the velocity of the block after
A.cceleralion Diagram
(distance equals area of velocity diagram) 5 sec.
.Ss = 8.4 (2) (4) + 3A;5(2) ()
@ Determine the distance traveled after
6 sec. + 4.905 (2)(2) + 4.905 (1)(0.5) 0
S5 =97.43 m,. 5 $
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,F, N
.rFx t= m (V3·0) l.jfl
l
·t,I-:-
250(3)- 10(9.S1}(3) = 50 ('/3• 0)
V3 = 9.11 mis A particle with a mass of 0.75 kg with initial·
velocity of V = 6 mis as shown at time
® Velocity of the block after 5 sec.
:cH-+1- --_ -_-_-:'_-_-_-:_t,s t = 0 s_ec. Forces F1 and F2 act on the partide
and·their magnitude changes with time
·whent = O 0
according to the graphical schedule shown.·
50 kg Solution:
<D Horizontal component of velocity at the 2 3
250 end of 3 sec. /(ltC.)
Solution:
l 2 © Vertical component of the finalvelocity at 1Fx t =.m (V2 - V1xl
I,(H'-)
. time of 3 sec. - 4 Cos 30' (2) - 2 Cos 30·(1)
A particle with a rpass of 0.5 kg has a velocity .LFy t = m 0/2y- V1y) F(N)
= 0.150!2x- 6 Cos 25")
u = 10 m/s in the x-direction of time t = 0. 1 (3) + 2 = 0.5 (V2y· 0)
Forces F1 and F2 act on the particle, and their - s.66 = o.75 vh - 4.os
magnitudes change with time according tQ the v2y:.8 ml• V2x =- 6.11 mis
graphical schedule shown.
@ Resultant velocity:
<D Determine ·the horizontal component of
v ="(V21)2 + (V2y)2 V2 = ,Y (6.11)2 + (14.54}2
velocity a.t the end of 3 sec.
® Determine the vertical component of v = ...J (-6)2 + (S)2 ·V2 = 15.77 mis
velocity at the end of 3sec. v:: 10 '!"• t{sec.)
4
'IIMPULSE. MOMENTUM I
I
. !CONSERVATION OFMOMENTUM}
® Time "t" at which the block comes to a 20(0.2) + f (0.2) = m (V2- 1) e Percentage of kinetic energy lost after
1.2 mis.
. l',N
4 + 02(10X9.81X02) =10 [V2 -(- i2)]
7.924 = 10V2 + 12 h.l/ \ // .. .....
Kinetic energy toss = Final KE - Initial KE .
V2 = -0.408 mis
v
('":
I \! 1 \
. .:
:
h
()
A B
p
....._
V1=1.2 mis
!Okg
eft.
Conservation of momentum
x
long
-
V'
x-drection:
.o--- mV1Sin 0 =mV1'Cos B
% of mechanical energy lost'.
V1 Sin a = V1'Cos B
8 Coefficient of restitulion
1', N Final KE =(m1 + m2)V' 2
_ (elative velocity after impact
e - relative velocity before impact !'oefficient of restitution:
Initial KE= ( m1Wt2+ (m2Wl
v '- V I e = V1' Sin "
10 ---- ----t----. e = .!2..:..!1..
V1- V2 V1Cos e
o '-----''-----'I-,
0.2 0.4 (sec.)
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'
0 1
os -
t _ (Final KE- Initial KE)100
Initial KE
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lcoNSERVATI ON OF MOMENTUM I
ICONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
<J Displacement in spring after impact
Solution:
A 2000 lb. shell is fired from a.gun weighing
*·if'
300000 lb.If the muzzle velocity of lhe shell is Direct central impact occurs between a 20lb.
1500 fps. and the recoilof the gun is check body moving with a velocity of 3 fps and a 30
by ·a nest of springs having a modulus ol lb.body moving in the oppositi;! direction with a
2000 lb.per inch, what is the maKimum rncoil velocity of 6 fps. The 20 lb.bo<l / rebourtds in t-- 12-
" ,._
distance? the opposite direction with a velcciy of 5 fps.
Compute the amount and direction of the m1V1 + m2V2 = ni1V1'+ ffi2V2'
Solution: ·velocity of the 30 lb. body. . 50(0) + 30(0) ;:• 50 V1' +30 V2'
20 lb. 30 lb:
m1V1 =m2V2 3
v,-IO fps+ . . (• ·,'.,V.-6fps Vf = 5V2'
2000 (1500) = 300000 {V2) ·.. · &fort lmpacl . ..·
g g
/£t: ¥ci:t.11 ;·:tAk:·=·;sr ·:r ;:2z,=
V2 = 10 fps (recoil velocity of the gun)
UsingWork-Energy Equation:
Pos.Work - Neg.Work = Final KE - InitialKE
A wooden pile ttiat weighs 500 lb.is driven into 1 Direct central impact occurs between a 100 lb.
the ground by successive blows of a hammer (1000 + 500)S - 4000S = ( ) (0)2 body moving to the right at 5 fps. and a body
weighing 1000 lb.that falls.freely through a _ 1(1500)(13 11)2 of weight W moving to the left at 3 fps. The
distance of 6 ft. upon the head of the pile. The 2 g . coefficient of restitution e = Co ;,, After impact
average resistance to penetration is 4000 lb. the 100 lb. rebound to the left at 2 fps.
1500 2
How far foes a single blow of the hammer 1500S -.4000S =·- 2(32_2) (13.11) Detennine the weight of the other body.
drive the pile into the ground? Assume that the After Impact
hammer and pile cling together after the 2500S = 4003.23
impact. ·(Hint. Resultant work done equals s = 1.6 ft. Solution:
kinetic energy lost in impad.)
m1V1 + m2V2 = m1V1'+ m2V2'
60(10) + 30(- 20)'::60 V1'+ 30 V2'
M,j,D. 60 V1= - 30 V2'
Afurlmpad v,·= - o.5v2:
A 1200·1b.hammer fatting freely through 3 ft.
drives a 600 lb. pile in. vertically in1-0 !he Solution: V2'- V1
ground. Assuming .the hammer and pile to e= - -
m1V1 + m2V2 = m1V1'+ m;!V.2' V -V2
1
cling together after impact, ermioo the
/.i; ... ·.t·· ;- .lo .::f= :: & i: ij!> average resistance lo penetration -of pile. 10()(5) + W(·3) = 100(- 2) + W(V2') _ V2' • (- 0.5 Y,')
06
Af
-· -- L _
Solution:
V1= velocity of hammer before impact
500 -3W =-200 + WV2'
V2'- V1'
e =- -
V1 V2
. -
V2' = 12fps
10 - (- 20)
0.6(30) = 1.5 V2'
© Compute the velocity of the ball before it 0/y)2 = (50 Sin eo·f .2{32.2)(28.-07)
strikes the wall. Vy = 8.20 fps
Compute the velocity of the ball after the
impact on the wall.
"""' :.· '·,,m the wall does the ball strike v1= .y(25)2 + (8.20)2 gx2
-y= x tan0 - · V2'Cos 0- V1'
il"s€ ground-; V1 = 26.31fps .2 v2 Cos2 e ·
.' 32.2x2 e = 8·(·10 Cos 30 )
@ Velocity of ball after impact - 34.07 = x tan 28:7 • 2{17_1)2 C052 28.T V2' Cos 0-V1'
0.60 = 16.66
V' -34.07 = 0.547x "0.072x ·
x2 - 7.60x •473.19 = 0 Vi' Cos 0. V1'= 10
x = 18.3 ft v2• Cos e =-10 + V1
10 Sin 30· = WSin 0
Vi' Sin e = 5
. 8.2
tan e =- 60.19 = 40V1'+ 30V2' Cos 0
25
e = 1s.16· As shown in the figure, a 40 lb. ball.moving 60.19 =40V1'+'30(10 V1')
horizontally to the right with a velocity of 8 fps, 60.19 = 40V1'+ 300 +30V1'
collides obliquely with a 30 lb. ball moving up 60.19 = 70V 1' + 300
::. Jtion: ' \f Cos ex = 26.31Cos 71.84. to the left at 30' to th§) horizontal at 10 fps. If
V' Cos a. = 8.2 the c:iefficient of restitution is 0.60. · .V1' = - 3.43 fps (to theleft)
© ' ·locity of ball before the impact
\f Sin a. ® Velocity of 30 lb.after impact
© Determine the velocity of. the O lb. ball
v =&.2 e = 26.31 Sin 71.84._ after the impact. V2'Cos e = 10 + W
V' Sin a. <Z> Oetermii:ie the velocity of the 3q lb. after v2•cos e = 10- 3.43
0.60 = the impact.
_ ...--v..::2.6 · ,,- -2s <Z> Determine the direction of the 30 lb. after
V2' Cos 0 = 6.57 ·
...-·· i= .31 ...
JI_ \f Sino.= 15 the impact. V2' Sin e= 5
= 50 fps _•.-··_._/-· V Cos o. = 8.2
V
i_ : ·a
----+;
28.07: · -· -
15
W1=40 lb
5
tan cx tane =6.57
=-
6• d3 8.2
a = 61.3. e =a1:a·
.•.•,.... . f . -·,,; ,., .· 1·::
r--- x Y2' Sin 37.3. = 5
V' Sin61.3' = 15
·IO' V2' = 825 fps
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co_N_sE
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ICONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
© Which of !he following gives the velocity of VA'=4.63
· A just beore impact. V=O 40 N
® Direction of the 30lb. after the impact ® Velocity of A after impact if e = 0.8 ® Which of the following gives the velocity of
0 = 37.3' with the horizontal Bjust after impact. ·
@ Whichof the following gives the distance B F
1----, --.140 N ·
slides before coming to rest. x--
F ;:0.40(40) = 16
75::: + 10VA' + 5 VA' +00
Sm/s. Pas. work - Neg. work = (V2 - vrJ-)
+ 15 VA'= 15 VA = {iQh
V/=180 m/s
t = 0.734 sec.
e
tan a
• W = velocity of 3 kg ball afler impact
v1' = velocity of 4 kg ball after impact
:EPOS.WORK - :ENG.WORK = n- ((V3 ) - (V2 ) ]
-
=-
tan 0
gx2
y - x tan 0 - 2 y2 eos2 9
V£ = + B mls
L2 = el1 7W = 28
V2'= + 4 mis
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478-B
!CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I !CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
6 75-8 Problem: @ Velocity of B after impact If theimpact is .Y' Sin 0 =12 Sin B
perfectly elastic. V Cos 0 = 12Cos I?.
Objects A and B with the same mass m = 2 kg V '-V', ·
e = _2 Pool ball Bis to be shot into the side pocket D tan 0 = tan B
· underg_o a direct central impact. bafore lhe
V, - V2· by banking it off the c.ushion at C. Velocity of 0 =B
Impact,A is moving to the right wi 'l a velocity ball B is V = 12mis.
of 4 m s and Bisstationary. e = 1for perfecUy lastic
<D Compute the velOcity of baU Bafter impact. V Sin0 =12 Sin B
© Determine the velocity of A after impact if ® Compute the value of. x of the cushion V' Sin 0 =12Sin 9
the impact is perfeclly plastic. · . W -Vt' = V1- V2 impactif it has a coefficient of restitution
@ Determine the velocity of B aft.er impact if e = 1.0. .V' = 12 mis
W -V1'= 4 -0
the impact Is perfectly elatic. • · @ Compute the value of angle e after impact.
@ If the velocity of B after the impact is 2.4 V2' + V1'=4 ® Value of x
mis, oompute the ooeflicient of restitution. 600 1200
x-=1200 -x
x = 400mm
W = 4 mls
Solution: (velocity of B after impact) @ • Value of 0 after impact
<D Velocity of A after impact if the impact is 1200·
perfecUy plastic: \an 9 =1200 - 400
1
B 'V=l2 roYs a= 56.31·
@ Coefficient ofrestituticn e. 600 mm ii'\ /
..... . .....
W = 2.4
w_+w = 4
1200 mm
W.WmJJkk.
"1'= 4 -2.4
In a pool game the cue ball A must strike the
Vt'= 1.6 Solution: number 8 ball in the position shown in order to
<D Velocity of ball B after impact send it to the pocket P with a velocity V2" The
V '- V' cue ball has a velocity V 1 = 18 m/s before
e = _2 -' -,,
m1V1+ m2V2 = m1V1'+ m2 V2' impact and a velocity V 1' after impact. The
2(4) + 2(0) = 2(- W} + 2V/ V, -V2 coefficient of restitution is 1.90. Both balls
have the same mass and diameter.
4 = Vt' + V2' 2.4 -1.6
e= - -- .
e = _V2 '- V,'
V,-V2
O = V2'-V,'
4-0
e= 0.20 600
.
·t· 49 tr
1200 © Calculate the rebound angle 9.
<2.l Compute the value of V2'for the number 8
@
ball.
Compute !lie fraction n of the kinetic
;r 1200 -.r
1
energy which is lost during the impact
V, -V2 1200
Y2'= W
12.Cos B = V' Cos-0 0 . ': P _...()A
4= V1' + V1' V,' ·. ....... .
V'Sin 0
2W = 4
W = 2m/s e = 12 Sin 8 --- ..- - ---x
V' Sin0
(ve/Ocily of A after impact) 1
,.·45
= 12 SinB
V Sin 0 = 12 Sin B
Solution: @ frac1ion nof the kinetic energy lost during 2.4m 0.6m -
© Rebound angle 9 impact
Conservation of momentum in the Before impact:
x-direction 1 1 ......_
KE 1 =2mvt2 2mVl
A
-
V 1 Sin 45" = V1'Cos 0
V 1'Cos 0 =18 Sin45" KE1= m(324) 2.lm
2.4m
•
B
m1Vi Cos 45·+ m2(0) = m1W Sin 0 + m2W KE2 = m(12.744)2 + m(t2.09) 2 c mVc 0.9111
308.
1
0.6m
0
V0=3 mfs B
- .. ..
·\rva,
2.lm
2.lm
V2' - V1'Sin 9
e = V1Cos 45· KE1- KE2 · Solution: Equaling O. & e
Energy Loss = KE 1.8 = 2.1VA + 0.9Vc -2.4VA
V2'- V1'Sin a 1 © Velocity Ve
0.90 = 18 Cos 45· 21 m(324l-21m{308.S77) Note: The initial momentum of A is equal 1.8 = 0.9Vc·0.3VA .
V2' • V1'Sin 0 =11.455 to the momentum of the two 6 = 3Vc - VA
n=
V2' =·11.455 + V1' Sin 0 im(324) collision of B and C before it hits VA = 3Vc -6
the sides of the!al;!&. .
12.7279 = V1' Sin 8 + W . n = 0.0476 Since the surfaces are frictionless and the
12.7279 =W Sine + 11.455 + v 1• Sine impacts are perfectly elastic, the kinetic
Considering horizontal components:
2 V1' Sin 0 =1.2729 , energy mVc,2 is equal to the final kinetic
mV0 = mVax.+ mVc
V1' Sin 0 = 0.63645 energy of the system.
V 1' Cos 0 =12.7279 m(3) = mVa + mVc
m =mA = m8 =mc
In a game of bill ards,ball A is given aninitial
velocity V0 = 3 mis along line DA parallel to 0 . 1 2 1 2 1 1 1
+ .2./ c2
0.63645 the axis of the table. It hits ball B and then ball 2mV =2mAVA 2mve +2mVe •2mv
tan 9 "' 12.7279 C, which are both at rest. Knowing that A and (3)2 =vA2 + Vax2 + Ve/ + Vc2
C hits the sides of tne table squarely at points Considering the vertical components:
e = 2.86" 9 = (3Vc. 6)2 + (3 Vcl2 + (3\6 - 6)2 + Vc2
G and.E respectively and B hits the side m(O) = mVA. mVay
obliquely at F and assuming fridionless ,/ 9 = 2{3Vc - 6)2 +(3.Vc)2 + Vc2
® Velocity V2' of the number 8 ball surfaces.and perfectly elastic impacts. v':- = Vay
V1'Cos 9 =12.7279 =
9 2(9Vc2 -36Vc + 36) + 9 -6Vc +Vc 2 + Vc2
V 1'Cos 2.86" = 12.7279 © De\ermine the velocity Ve, with which the 9 = 20Vc2 - 78Vc + 81
V1'= 12.744 mis. ball C hits the side of the table at E. LM0=0 2
@ Determine the velocity Va with whichVisit For
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ball 8 hitsthe side of the table ofF. Pdfbooksforum.com 0.6(m)(3) = 2.1(m)V6y + mVc(0.9) - 2.4mVA 2
V 2' = 11.455 + V 1' Sin 0 @ Determine the velocity VA with Which the 1.8·= 2.1Vay + 0.9Vc -2.4VA e Vc • 3.9Vc + 3.6 = o
V2' = 11.455 +12.744 Sin 2.86" ball C hsthe side of the table at G. Vc= 2.4 m/s
V2' = 12.09 mis Visit For more Pdf's Books
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<·f22•M :
@
VA = 3Vc·6 VA'x = 5 mis
VA= 3(2.4) •6 =
VAx = + 3 Cos 3o· + 2.6 mis
VA = 1.2 mis VAy = + 3 Sin 30' =·+ 1.5 mis
· Vax =- 4 Cos 60' = • 2 mis
VA'z'" S mis
Vey = 4 Sin 60' = + 3.46 mis
5.20
mVA + mVe = m{V
1
A ySin 30'} .
tan 0 =5
Ball B is hanging from inextensible cord B. + mVA'xCos 30' • mVe' 0 = 46.1'
An identical ball A is released from rest hen rt 0 + 0 = VA'y Sin30· + SCos 30' - Vs'
is just touching the cord a acqurres a Ve'= 0.5 VA'y + 4.33 a = 46.1' - 30·
velocity v0 = 10 mis fre sinking the ball B. B = 16.1'
A B
Assuming perfect elastic impact e.= 1.0 and no
friction.
Eq.O &@
----------------------------- @ Angle made by the average force R ® Magnitude of average force R exerted by
t:: '
the bat on the baseball
V,..,,'+ Vex':: 0.60
- Vax'+ V6,'=4.14 Ryl = m(V2y·-V1y)
A tennis player strikes lhe tennis ball with her
2Vex'=4.74 racket while the ball is still rising. The ball R0.005) = 0.146(58.33 Sin 35·- 0)
· Vex' = 2.37 mis (tothe right) speed before impact with the racket R,r=42 .53 N 42.53 Ry= 976.94 N
V 1 = 15 mis and after impact its speed is
5.9 R2 = (R,J2 + (Ri
V2 = 22 mis, with the direction shown. 1f the
VAx' + Vex' = 0.60 60 g ball is in contact with the racket for tan e =42.53 R2 = (2490.21)2 + {976.94
vAx' + 2.37 = 0.60 0.05 sec. · ·· 9 = 7.9' R = 2674.99 N
VAx'= - 1.77 mis f- (to the left)
VAy' = + 1.5 mis j © Determine the x-componeat of the @ Angle made by the average force R from
magnitude of the average force R e1<erted • the horizontal
Vey' '= + 3.46 mis i by the racket on the ball.
YA'1=1.5 mis ® ·Determine the magnitude of the average 976.94
y' , force exerted bythe racket on the ball. tan e = 2490.21
A The baseball is traveling with a horizontal
@ Find the angle made by R with the e = 21.42"
· velocity of 135 kph before impact with the bal
horizontal.
Just after the impact,the velocity of the 146 g
ball is210 kph directed at 35' to the horizontal
as shown.
ICONSERVATI ON OF MOMENTU!1I
489
l
l
Solution:
«tt» ® Velocity of B after impact
Massof block B
mAVA +m8V8 =mAVA'+ m8V8' © Common velocity of the cars after the
impact
m{12) Cos 20·= 2 mV8' 1.8(1.2) + m8(- = 1.8(0) + m V '
2)
Twci disks A and B lie on a horizontal surface. 8 8 mAVA + m8V8 = mAV + m8V
V , _ 12Cos 20·
Disk A is procelled into B which is initially 2.16 - 2m8 =1.6m8 280Q (36) + 3600 (24) = (2800 + 3600) v
B 2 32.2 32.2 32.2
stationary, wJr, the velocity shown. After the 3.6m8 = 2.16
impact, the monof A is directed along the x Ve'= 5.64 mis · V = 29.25 mph
me =0.6kg
axis.N<. :ecting friction.
@ Percentage of kinetic energy loss after @ Percentage of mechanical energy
!"
-
·1an..tca! p0Si!.ion (9 ::0'). a= (s.s)2- 2a(2)
<D Find lhe ve:ocity of A after impact A a = 7.84 m/s2
assuming that A is suspended from a rigid 2m
rod. V = Ve'· at
.i Find the velocity of A after impact N = 1200(9.81) 0 = 5.6-7.84t
assuming that A is suspended by .an N.; 11772 N t = 0.71 sec.
elaslic (deformable) rope. .
@, If the 12-kg pendulum is hit by the 20 g =
F 0.8(11772)
bullet traveling horizont.;ily {a = 0) and F = 9417.6 N
after the impact, the pendulum and the 6 91-B Problem:
embedded bullet swing through an angle Usingwori(nergy equation:
e :: 36" from the vertical, calculate the . 1 A bullet having a mass of 2 g. hits a stationing
initial speed of the bullet. 12 kg Pos.wori( -Neg.work= 2 ()[Vi2-W} block of wood haW1g a mass of 14kg and
.;
: :r· becomes embedded iri it. The coefficient of
m8Va + mAVA = {m8+mA)V
0.020 V6 + 12(0) = (12'02)V
0.020 Va = 12.02 V
0- 9417.6(2):;: i (1200) [O- (Ve)2]
kinetic friction between the block and the floor
is µt = 'o.t2. The block slides 3 nvn on the
Ve'=5.6m/s .1loor as a result of theimpact.
0.75 m h = 0.75- 0.75 Cos 36. =-0.143m. <D What is the velocity of the block after the
C2> A's velOcity before impact impact.
V= @ What is the initial velocity of .the bullet
VA nv.+ Va ma = nv.VA° + maVe'
V = -V 2(-9.8-1_){0_.143) =·1:675 mis before the Impact?
VA (1300) + 0 = 1300 VA' + 1200 (5.6) @ q>mpute the energy lost during the
0.020 Ve:: 12.02 V , VA = VA'+ 5.17 ' impact?
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0.020 V8 = 12.02(Hl75) Pdfbooksforum.com VA'= VA· 5.17
Va = 1006.68 mis
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490-C
490-H
!CONSERVATION Of·MOMENTUM I ICONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
F= 0.6(!18.1) 691-D Problem:
@ Energy lost during the impact.
Solution: F=58.86 A 6000 lb.truck A moving to the right al40 fps
<D Velocity of the block after the impact. 6KE= .!. m V2 collides with the 4000 lb. tar B moving at
2
30 fps which makes an angle of 30" with the
v,
i
6KE1= (0.002X588)2 direction of car A.
=
6KE1 345.74 _,, / .
,
6KE2 = i (14.002)(0.084)2 A
!='2!:"""""""""•'=·•-=•w
l'JI
=
• ""'
--,--7"'- ----·-
/
// ..&!.
Im · 30" \/ . . . ·'
N 6KE2 = 0.049
N
-- - ·· p ·
m1V1+ m2V2= m1W + 1T12 V2' Energy lost during the impact
0-58.86{1}= _! (10}[V12 - (5)2] B .
m1V1+ m2V2= (m1+ l'Tl2} V = 345.74-0.049 2 .. ·
0.002V1+14(0) = (0.002 + 14)V = 345.69 N.m w- 25 = -11.77 . V2=30 fps .
0.002V1=14.0002 V Vi2 = 13.33 <D Compute the horizontal component of the
V1= 7001V V12 = 3.64mis velocity of their C1Jmmon center of mass
V = 0.0001428 V1 691-C Problem: after the impact which is parallello the
@ Velocity of B after the impact: direction of car A.
v v,=-> The 10 kg mass A is moving to the right at m1V1 + m2 V2 = m1 V1' + ffi2 V2' · @ Compute the magnitude of Iha velocity of
5 mis when it is 1 m. from the stationary 1O kg 10(3.64) + 10(0)'= 10W -ii 10W their common center of mass after the
blor.k B. The coefficient of kinetic friction W + W = 3.64 impact.
belwe&n the ffoor and the two masses is @ Considering that the collision isa perfecUy
µk = 0.6 and the coefficient of the impact e = V2'-V
_t'
plastic impact, compute the kinetic energy
V1- V2
e =0.5. lost.
<D Determine the velocity cf A before the
0.5 = w-w Solution:
3.64 -0
N = 14.002(9.81} impact. W - W = 1.82 <D Horizontal component of velocity afte
N = 137.36 N @ Determine the velocity of B after the W·+V1' = 3.64
impact. 2W = 5.46
@ Determine how far B moves fiom itsinitial
F= µk N
F = 0.12(137.36)
position as a result of the impact.
W = 2.73mfs -- - - .-
@ Distance B moves from its initial posiUon: A --,-:7"'------ -
F= 16.48 N
Solution: ,3 . .
ocity of A before impact:
·B · ·
Using work - energy equation: <D·Vel I m V1'=2.73mls V/ =0
Pos. work -Neg. work = change in KE N
2 Vz"'30 fps
V= 0.084mls
m1 V1 + m2 V2 Cos 30" = m1 Vx + m2 Vx
6000 4000 v c05 30'
(velocity of block after impact) s - 1v+ - 2
N g g
N = 10(9.81) = 6000 v + 4000 v
® Velocity of bullet: Visit For more Pdf's BooksN=98.1 g x g x
1 Pdfbooksforum.com
V1= 7001V Work= - m 01-1- - V1 } 6000(40) + 4000(30) Cos 30·
2
V1=7001(0.084) 2 o- ss.86(S} = .2! (10)((0)2- (.2.73)2] = (6000 + 4000} Vx
V1 = 588 mfs N= 10(9.81} S = 0.633m. . Vx = 34.39 fps
N= 98.1
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491 I
lCONIERVAnOll OF llOMENTUll I ICONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
-- - - ------=.·,.._. _
a> Magnitude of the velocity of fltir common
center of mass after Ille impact:
Solution:
© Distance from the waH will the ball rebound Wffj @ Value of h
v =6fps
y
.
V,Sin 0
e - 6Sin 70'
,.AA; constant is k = 20 kN/m. Assuming the impact
to be perfectly plastic.
© Determine the velocity of the 30 kg block
before the impad.
'2> Determine the velocity of the block and
691- E CE Board Aug . 1972 =
V3 0.70(7.67) -
O.S5 - 6 Sin70' pan after theimpact.
A ball is thrown with an initial horizontal V3 "' 5.37 m/sec, @ Determine the maximum displacement of
velocity of 30 m/sec. from a height of 3 m. V.1Sin a = 4.792. · the pan.
@ Height that the ball strike the wall above
above the ground, and 40 m. from a vertical the ground.
V,Cos a = 2.052
w.an. V= 30 n\/sec. 301, ., g
© . How far from the wall will the ball rebound S2 = Vl2 · 4.792
for the first time? · 16.54 = (30)(12) tan a 2:052 h==2m
® Determine the 'vertical componel'!l of the 12;:0.55 $eC. a = 66.a2· !O le
velocity of .lhe ball after the first reboundif 1
the coefficient of restitutionjs 0.70. h= V3 t2- 2 gtl (2) Velocity of balf after impact
@ How high above the ground will·the ball
slrike Ille wall. h = 5.37(0.55)-i (9.81)(0.55)2 v,sin e = 4.792
· V1Sin 66.82' = 4.792
h= 1.46 m.
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1= 5.21mis
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4.92 493
® Detennine the speed of the bullet. © Determine the velocity of the sand bag
after impact. gx2
Ci) Detennine the <Jirection of the velocity of y = x tan 0 .2v2 Cos2e
the bag with respect to the horizontal axis.
®· @ Detennine the distance •x• that locates the • 9.81x2
18 g spot where the bag hits the floor. 3 83 04
- = x Ian · • 2(3.76) Cos2 83.04•
2
B .
- 3 = 8.19x • 23.63x2 F = tJN
Solution:
© Velocity of sand bag after impact x2 - 0.347x - 0.127 = 0 F = 0.65(WA + Wa)
Solution:
© Speed of cart and sand bag afterimpact Conservation of momentum alon! x = 0.223 m
horizontal axis. Pas.Work - Neg.Work = Changein KE
1kx2 = 1m2V2' mAVA Cos 25' + m8Va = (mA + ma)Vx' 0 -0.65(WA + We)(7) = (W,, +We) r-Jl - V 2)
2 2 . 2 g
2 0.085(36) Cos 25' +'6(0) ={6.085)Vx'
(900){0.125)2 = (15)(V2') Vx' = 0.455 mis -0.65(7) = ((O) If2J
r;:
'1/1 ..0.4 55
The 6 kg sand bag 8is falling vertically v.1len it
3.73
is hit by the 8.5 g arrow A traveling at 36 mis in tan a= 0_4ss
the dire<:tion shown.·The speed and elevation mAVAx + meVax = (mA + malVx'
of the sand bag at the time of impact are 4 mis
and 3 m. respectively. Assume that the arrow e =83.04' 1300(0) + 1600(Vg.J = (1300 .. 1600)(9.45) Cos 12·
becomes imbeddedin the bag. V/=3.73 mis Vax = 5.29 m/s
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Conservation of momentum along the m1V1 Cos 60' = m,V1' Cos(120 - 9) 5 =- 0.5V1'Cos 9 + 0.866V1'Sin 0 ·---
y-axis: 10Cos 60' = V ,Cos 120'Cos 0 +Sin120'n 0) --··········
5 = -0.5(0.435} + 0.866V1'S,in 0 m=IOJc&
mAVAy + meVey =(mA + m8)V '. 5 = - 0.5V1'Cos s + 0.866V1'Sin-O o
1300(VAy) + 1600(0) = (1300 + 1600)(9.45) Sifl 72' V1'Sina = 6.0248
VAy = 20.05 mis . The component along the horizontal aids V 1' Cos e = 0.435 e
of the total momentum of the carriage and
VAx = O the sphere is conserved. Divide by e Solution:
VA2 = 0JAx)2 + (VAy)2
·..·...: .
v,• tan e= ;s CD Velocity of fragment A
VA2 (0)2 + (20.05
VA = 20.05 mis
90-
l - .. e =85.9.
Conservation of momentum along the
x-axis.
mV = mAVA Cos 45· + m V Cos 30·
0 9 8
Velocity of sphere afler impact 10(30) = 3 vA Cos 45• + 7 Ve Cos 30"
V1'Cos 9 => 0.435 300 = 2.12 VA + 6.06 Ve
Eli V1'Cos 85.9.::0.435
v,· = 6.08 mis Conservation of momentum along the
m,V1 + m2V2= m,V1'x + m2V2'x y-axis
The 2 kg sphere is projected horizontally with @ Maximum shortenin_g of the spring
a velocity of 10 mis against the 10 kg carriage :2(10) + 10(0) = 2(- V1' Sin(90 - 0)) + 10V2' mAVA Sin 45·= m8V9 Sin 30
1
which is backed up by the spring with stiffness · 20 = - 2V1'Cos 9 +1fN2' 3 VA Sin45· = 7Va·Sin 30·
of 1600 Nim.The carriage is initially at rest with 10 = - W Cos 9 + 5V2' Ve =0.606 VA
the spring uncompressed. Coefficient of
V2' = 0.2V1' Cos 0 + 2 @ 300 = 2.12 VA + 6.06 Va
restitution is 0.60.
Coefficient of restitution 300 = 2.12 VA + 6.06(0.606 V,J
CD Compute the rebound angle 8 after VA = 51.79 m/s
e = - V2' Sin 60' -V1' Sin{120-0)
impact.
· - 10 Sin &J° - 0 V2' = 0.2V1' Cos 0 + 2 @ Velocity of fragment B
@ Compute the velocity of the sphere after
impact. '\ O.S = -0.866V2' •V,'(Sin 120'Cos e - Sine Cos 120') \'£ = 0.2(6.08) Cos 85.9° + 2 Va =0.606 VA
@ Compute the maximum shortening of the -8.66
V2'= 2.09 m s Vs = 0.606(51.79)
spring after impact. - 5.196 = - 0.866V2'--0.866V{Cos0
1 . 1 Ve = 31.38 m/s
-o.sv,·Sin e e 2mw 2 =2kx2
@ Velocity of fragment B relative to fragment A
;;
·- 7.Z::-!:' ".', -·
@ & C)
- 5.196 =- 0.866V2' --0.8fi6V1'Cos 9
2 (10)(2.09)2 = 21(1600)x2
1
x = 0.165 m.
-o.sv1·e x = 165 mm
. . ,=, ;
- 5.196 = - 0.86S{0.2V{-Cos e + 2)
-0.866V1' cose -o.sv1• Sin 0 E(j ' II
- 5.196 = - 0.1732V1'Cos e - 1.732
Solution: -O..cffi6V1' Cos 0 - 0:5V1'Sin e A 10 kg projectile is moving with a velocity of
- 3.464 = - 1.0392V1'-Cos e - 0:5V1' Sin 0 30 mis when it explodes into two fragments A (Ve11J2 = (51.79f + (31.38)2
© Rebound angle 0 after impact.
and B of.mass equal to 3 kg and 7 kg - 2(51.79)(31.38) Cos 75'
The component of the momentum of the by {-0.866) 9
respectively. After the explosion the fragments VwA = 53.16 mis
sphere along the inclined plane is 5 = - 0.5V1' cos e +0.86£V1' Sin e Visit . For more Pdf'stravel
Booksin the direction as shown in the figure.
conserved. by{0.5) Pdfbooksforum.com
500 Visit For more Pdf's Books 501
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. 1 : o·· v· n, _ .(iL
0·2 u::> - 2(9.81)
% cf energy lost = 81.25%
80 @ DelermiM how long the ball wili keep
bOlillCir.g after first hittlng the floor.
'0=0.4 mis
r · .. S = 12.04 m
@ lmpuise exerted by the cart on tM bag ·
I ---·-- - --
- - - --·
ms=l600 kg
F;tt
· = E::r--
F/
m1V'
c::Jr:,_.,} · · ·
VB=4 i:n/s
----
.-;·.·:"F A 20 g bullet is fired ina horizontal direction A 60 kg bullet is fired horizontally with a
d0 ::: V0t1 mA;;S kg mB=3 kg through block A and becomes embedded in
0.080 ::: 0.411 Solution: block B. The bullet causes A and B to start velocity V 1 = 600 m/s into thehorizontal
3 kg block of soft
surface.
wood initially at rest on the
moving with velocities of 2 mis and .5 mis The bullet emerges from the block with the
t,-= 0.2 sec. © Velocity of A after impact respectively. velocitv of 400 mis and the block is observed
Conservation of momentum
lo s!ide a distance of 2.70 m. before the
h(I= (9.81)'.0.2}
2 m,,.VA +m3VB = mAVA'+maVs' CD Determine the velocity of the bullet as it coming to rest.
5(6) + 3(·4) = 5VA' + 3 Va' travels from block A to block B.
ho ::0.1962 m. @ Determine the initial velocity V0 of the Determine the velocity of the block after
5 VA' + 3 Va' = 18 (i)
bullet. impact.
( If the average resistance of block A is <?: Determine the coefficient of kinetic friction
e _ ht Coefficient of restitution
5148 N. how thick is block A?
- ho
e=-
v '·V I µk between the block and the supporting
surface.
h = 0.875(0.1962) VA ·Vs
® If the averaoe resistance of the wood is
h1 = 0.172 m. -
0.80 - 6 - (- 37.5 kN, how thick is the wood if the
h 1 ::: 172 mm. 4) friction between the block and surface is
Va'- VA' = 8 by e. D neglected?
® nme the ball will keep bouncing after first 3 V9' +S V11' = 18
hitting the floor Solution:
3 Va' - 3yt..' = 24 (i) Velocity of the block after impact.
Total horizontal distance traveled by the
ball after first bounce. 3 V8'+ 5 Vll..' = 18 Solution:
- 8 VA':::; f.i CD Velocity of the bullet as it travels from
s =,a - r(Infinite G.P} VA. = - 0.75 mis <'--- block A to block B
140 .
Impact of the bullet and b!ock A
s ":i:D.875 ct Velocity ofB after impact
20V0 + 1800(0) "' 201/0' f 1800(2) 0
S = 1120 mm Va'- VA'= 8
S::: 1.12 m "\
V8' = 8 + VA' lmpar.t of the bu!let and block B
V6' ::.- 8 - 0.75
Va' = 7.25 mis 20V0' + 4500(0} = 20(1 .5) + 4500( 1.5}
·s = V0t V '= 339 mis m1V 1 + m 2 \12 = m1 V;' + m2 V2'
0 0.06{600} + 3(0) = 0.06(40) + 3(\/2')
1.12 =0.4t @ Energy loss duringi
1 mpact1 (velocity of the bullet as it travels V2'= 4 m/s
t = 2.8 sec. Initial KE = 2mAVA2 2
from block A to block B}
+2msVs
1 1 rv Coefficient of kinetic friction µk between
Initial KE = 2 (5)(6}2 + 2 (3)(- 4) 2 (V Initial velocity of the bullet the block and the supporting surface.
Initial KE = 114 Joules 20V0 + 0 = 20(339) + 1800(2) using Work - Energy equation
V0 ::: 519 m/s Positive work - Neg. work = Change in KE
1
F•.nal KE "' 2mA VA' 2 + 1mBVs'
2
@ Thickness of block A 0 - F (2.7) = (3) (0 ·(4)2]
The coefficient of restitution between two 2 L.
collars is known to be 0.80. Final KE = (5)(·.75)2 +{3)(7 25i2 Pas.Wurl:- Neg.Work = 2 m(V22 • V12) f = P..89 N
F µU
© Determine the velocity of A after inipaci.
@ Determine the velocity of B after impact.
, Fina: KE = 80.25 Jou!es
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0- 61tl"" i(D.02) [(339)2 - (519)2] 8.89 = µ (3)19.81)
.@ Determine the energy loss duri:"1g impact. Energy fo5s "' 1·14 - 3J'.25 = 33.?5 JoulesPdfbooksforum.com 1 "' JGC. 1!;m 11 " 0:iC2
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504 50 5
QI Thickness of wood. Solution: Wj/11 <D Compute the velocity of 8 after the impact.
<D x and y components of the velocity of tile '%> Compute the velocity o( A after theimpact.
block and imbedded bullet immediately A 75 g projectile traveling at 600 mis strikes @ Compute the distance that B moves from
after impact. and becomes embedded in the' 50 kg block, its initial position as a result of the impact.
which is initially at rest.
Solution:
V1=600 mis Y2=0 Velocity of 8 after the impact
-c::;::.
- . .. CD
td°kii<
2
13.33
tane= 10.26
The 10 kg mass A is moving at 5 m/s when it
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1m. from the stationar110 kg mass B. The
coefficient of kinetic friction between the floor
--
CT] .
Vn"=O
@
coe:tlr.i ,t ::f restihitilJ'l of the impact e =OS
8 -" 52.4. from horizor.ta!
<1r.d lhe two masses is µk = 0.6 and the
----;.:-- . .. . !
I-·---- --.;-- ..; Visit For more Pdf's Books
N Pdfbooksforum.com
w
Pos.Work ·Neg.Work2= 2 2
g -(Va". • V6' )
1
0 - µk N(S) = 2m(O - Va' 2) WW ® Velocity of B after collisions have taken
place
. 1w Two idenUcal cars A and 8 are at rest on a Considering A and B
0 • FS = W 2
2g [O • (3.75). ] µk W S =2 g(Va')2 loadingdock with brakes released. Car C, of a mA =ms
. . w slightly different style but of the same weight.
v .2 has been pushed by dockworkers and hits·car m8V8'+ mA VA = m8V8" + mAVA'
• 0.6W(S) = 2(9.81) [O • (3.75) µx S =1; B with a velocity of 1.5mis. The coefficient of 1.35 + 0 = Vs" + VA'
• 0.6S = ·0.717 restitution is 0.8 between B and C and 0.5 VA'+ Vs"= 1.35 ,
S = 1.19m. (Va'l2 = µk S 2g between A and B.
VA'·Ve"
{VB') 2 = 0.8(2)(2)(9.81) <D Determine the velocity of car C after all
e2: IvB •vA
collisioos have taken place. _ VA'·Ve"
Va'= 5.6 mis
® Determine the velocity of car B after all O.S- 1.35 - 0
collisions have taken place.
@ Determin.e the velocity of car A after all VA'- Vs" =0.67.5
Suppose youinvestigate an accident in which <i) Velocity of A before the impact. collisions have taken place. VA'+ Va" = 1.35
a 1300 kg car A struck a parked 12QO kg car 2VA' =2.025
B. All four of B's whls were locked and skid mA VA + me Va = mA VA' t ma Vs'
marks indicate that 8 slides 2 m. after the . VA' = 1.0125 mis
1300(VA) + 1200(0) = 1300VA' t 1200 Ys'
impact. If you estimate the coefficient of Vs" = 1.35 1.0125.
friction between B's tires and the road to be 1300 VA= 1300 VA'+ 1200(5.6)
µ = 0.8 and the coefficient of restitution of the V8• = 0.3375 mis Velocity ofB after
impact to be e = 0.4. 1300 VA = 1300 VA' +£720 collisions have taken place
V,1
v '.v . Solution:
e= @ Velocity of A after collisions have taken
VA·Va <D Velocity of car C after all to!lisions have
-- -. ... .•--
A
.-·--.- .::._..,,.
.... ... .... ,. .,.., ... ..
B
..,...
.
0.4 = 5.6 - VA'
VA - 0
taken place.
Considering
Band C
place
VA'= 1.0125 m/s
·D What was the velocity of B after impact? 0.4 VA = 5.6·VA' me Ve + m8 V8 = meVe' +.ma V6'
-' What was A's velocity jusl before the mc=ms
impact? Assume lhat only one impact VA'= 5.6 • 0.4 VA
occurs. Ve+ Va=Ve' +Ve'
1300 VA= 1300 VA' +£720
':.'!)·Whal was the acceleralion of B after the 1.5+0 = Ve'+ YB' Two cars with energy-absorbing bumpers
impacl? 1300 VA=1300(5.£·0.4V + 67-20 collide with speeds VA = V8 = 8 kph. Their
V8'+ Ve'= 1.5
masses are mA = 1270 kg and m6 = 2000 kg.
Solution: 1300 VA= 7280 • 520 VA+ 6720 v vI• I
---
VH '
2m
@ Acceleration of 8 after the impact.
0.8 - 1.5. 0
Va'· Ve'= 1.2
V8'+ Ve' = 1.5
CD If the coefficient of restitution e = 0.2, what
is the velocity of A after the collision?
Q> If the duration of the collision of the two
(Ve2)2 = (Ve')2 • 2 a S 2Ve' = 2.7
Using Work energy Equation cars is 0.1 sec., what is the average
O = (5.6)2 - 2a (2) Ve'= 1.35 acceleration to which the occupant of car
1
Pos. wori< - Neg.work = 2m (V i2 - V12) A is subjected?
a = 7.84 mls2 Visit For more Pdf's BooksVe'= 1.5·1.35. @ What is the average acceleration lo which
o ·F(S) = m [o - (\16')2 J Pdfbooksforum.com Ve'= 'J.15 mis · the occupant of car B is subjected?
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508 509
@ Determine the velocity and di<ection of B e = 50.2· 2(6) + 4(0) = 2{V 1}+ 4V2'
® Accereralion of passenger at A if the after impact. . 12= 2V1'+ 4V2'
duration of collision is 0.1 sec. @ Determine the pe<<:.Emtage IOss of kinetic V2' Cos 50.2' = 4.165
VA' = - 3.74 kph energy. V2' = 6.51m s
VA =+ 8 kph Solution:
<D Velocity of A after impact.
Qi Percentage loss of system kinetic energy.
@ Vi'
v ·-·3.74
2 2
Initial KE = V 1 +m V2 e=
v '- V I
VA'= VA ± a t
A - 3.6 w
Initial KE = (6}2 + (10)2
Initial KE = 68 m !2...:..!.L
VA'= - 1.04 mis V1-V2
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8 Pdfbooksforum.com - Vz' - v,·
2
0.6
. = 2.22 mis
VA = 36 Usingronse.rvation of momentum Final KE W < 6.83)2 + W (6.51)
- 6 -0
rn1V 1 + m2V 2 = m1 V1' + rn2 V2' FinalKE = 44.51 m
VA'= VA -at
m, = m2 (identical) Visit For more Pdf's Books V2'- V1':: 3.6
- 1.04 = 2.22 - a (0.1) Pdfbooksforum.com . (68 - 44.51) 100
6m + m{-10 Cos 30.i= m'(+ V 1') + rr1,, 2• Cos f!) 2V2'+ V 1'= 6
Percentage loss in KE =
a = 32.6 mls2 · - 2.66 = + V1'+ V2'Cos 0
68 3 V2' = 9.6
Percentage loss in KE = 34..54%
V2' = 3.2 mis
!CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
!CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUP(I
S = 2.29 m ·v[fh;;;"
e =- Solution:
© Coefficient of restitution:
Solution:
<D Vertical veracity of the.ban after the first
V1 = impact. • ·
0.6 = 1 2
V2 = hgh2 h = 2911
The 0.45 kg soccer ball is 1 m. above the 0.3S -
--
8.34 '.h.
ground when i is kicked upward at 12 mis.If e = V1
h2= 3 m. 11=
the coefficient of restitution between the ball
and the ground ise = 0.6.·
@ Force exerted on the ban by the player's e= 'l1y = V0y + gl1
© What rpaximum height above the ground fool if the impactlasted for 0.02 sec. V1y = 0 + 9.81 l1
does the ball reach on its first bounce? Ft = m(V2 - V1)
@ If the soccer ball was stationary just before F(0.02) = 0.45[(12) - OJ = e = Y.'4
V1y
iiwas kicked and the impact fasted 0.02 F= 270 N
sec.,what was the average force exerted e = {[ff 0.90 (9.81) 11= V2y
onlhe ball by the players fool? @ Horizontal distance from the point on the 1
@ If the horizontal distance from the point on e = 0.724 0.225 = V2y12 --29 12
ground where the bail bounces for the 2nd
the ground i bounces first to the second
point when ibounces for the second time time V3y = V2y ± g t2
x = e(120) @ Percentage of the original energy lost
is 120 mm, compute he horizontal during the impact. O = V2y· 9.8112
distance from lhe point where the ball hit )( = 0 6(120)
the ground after the 2nd bounce. v2y = 9.8112
x = 72 mm. % = (2'l0 1 100) (100).
,"' '
\ "!'
% = 47.6% g
:',, '
e = 2.099
'0.90 (2.099) = Vsy =O.J42R t__Rcil .:
V5y = 1.9 m/s V1 .../2g H-
g x2
1 2(9.81) (0.9)
h2 = V5y13 • 2 (9.81) t32
9
V1 =129h° • 0.342 R:: 0.94 R Ian 46.82' V1= 4.202 mis
h2 = 1.9(0.214). 1 v, = "l2/(9.8-1)(0.75) 9.81(0.94 R)2 _ V2 Cos a
2
:(0 14)
1/1 = 3.836 mis • 2(3.333 Cos2 46.82' e - v, Cos 10·
h2 =0.182 m. 1.3437 = 0.833R V2 Cos a= 0.70 (4.202) Cos 1o·
h2 = 182 mm V2 Cos a R = 1.613m. V2 Cos a= 2.897
e = V1Cos 20'
·v2 eos a Using conservation of momentum:
0·85= 3.836 Ccs 20' m V 1 Sin10' =m V2 Sin a
V2 Sin a= 4.202 Sin 10·
V2 Cos a= 3.064
To pass inspection, steel balls designed for · V2 Sin a= 0.7297
The ball is released from the positron shown use Inball bearings must clear the fixed bar A
and drops 0.7p m. to the incline. If the V2 Cos a= 2.897
Conservation of momentum:. at the top of their rebound when dropped from
coefficient of restitution e = 0.85.
m V 1 Sin20" = m V2 Sin ex rest through the vertical distance H 900 mm = t - Q,72g7
on the heavy inpline steel plate. The balls .ana - 2.897
© Find the angle of the rebound 0. . 3.836 Sin 20' = V2 Sin a have a coefficient of restitution of less than 0.7 0: = 14.11'
@ Find the velocity of the ball after impact. with the rebound plate to be rejected.
V2 Sina= 1.312 0.7297
@ Find the distance R. Neglecting any friction during impact.
V2 Cos CL = 3.004 Visit For more Pdf's Books V2 =Sin 14.14' = 2.99 mis
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Visit For more Pdf's Books 517 ...
516 Pdfbooksforum.com
Ii:> Value of "h". V '-V ' The component of the momentum of the
e = !1...:..!1.
V1 -V2
. sphere along the inclined is conserved.
V3=-0
e = O for plastic impact A sphere B of mass ma = 2 kg isreleased from mV0 Sin 60"= mV8'Cos(GO - 0)
Vr=..9'}mfs-;· ---••• rest in lhe position shown and strikes the
24. 4' ' ih ·
.,, 3 Sin 60' = Va' Cos(60 - 0)
frictionless,inclined surface of a wedge A of
6=65.86' : '._ V2'- V1'=0 mass mA = 6 kg with a velocity of magnitude 2.598 = Vo' (Cos 60' Cos 0 + Sin60' Sin0)
V2'=V1' V0 = 3 mis.The wedge which is supported by 2.598 = 0.5V6' Cos 0 + 0.86SV8' Sin 0 O
s. rouers and may move freely inthe horizontal
4V2' + 3V2'= 0
Vi=0/2 Sin65.86')2 • 2g h direction is initially at rest. If the <:oefficient of ·
Vi = D speed of 3 kg after impact restitution is 0.80. The component along the horizontalaxis
0 = (2.99 Sin 65.8')2 ·2(9.81) h of the total momentum of wedge A and
h = 0.379 m. CD Determine the rebound angle tor sphere B sphere B isconserved.
@ Speed of the 3 kg baU after impact if !he
measured from the horizontal after impact. mAVA + me(Ve) = mA0fJ'x + me0/sl'K
impact is elastic.
@ Value of "S". @ Determine the velocity of the sphere after 6(0) + 2(0) = 6(- V') + 2(V8') Cos e
e=1 the impact
.V3 = V2 Sin 65.86' - 9.81 t 3V.' = V9' Cos fl
1 = '!i:.Yi ® Determine the veloci y of the wedge after
0 = 2.99 Sin 65.86 - 9.81 t V1 - V2 the impact
t " 0.273 sec. · Coefficient of resmution:
S = Vz Cos 65.86' t
6 -(- 8) = Vz'-V1'
Vz'- V 1' = 14
Q1118 =2 kg
e•--
Ve' Sin(60 - R)-(·V;.'
·
- --
O - (·3 Cos 60
'}
Sin 60')
-
S = 2.99 Cos 65.86' (0.278)
S = 0.340 m. 4V1'+ 3V2' = 0 V8' Sin(SO - 6) - {- V,.: Sin 60')
0.60 = 1.5
S = 340mm.
\/ 1'--- .4Yi 1.2 = v8'Sin(60 - e) + 0.866VA'
800(6.26) + 2400(0) = 800(- 1.4) + 2400 vp' - mV,..·x Cos 30" + mV6' Tennis balls are usually rejected if they fail to
Vp' =2.55 rrJs VA'x = 0.99 mis rebound to waist level when dropped from the
0 + 0 = 0.5VA'y • 0.866(0.99) +Va' shoulder level. If a bU passes the lesl as
Qi Coefficient of restitution: indicated in the figure.
O.SVA'y· 0.857 + Va'= 0
e=
v ·-v· V8'+ 0.5VA'y = 0.857 0 © Determine the coefficient of restitution e.
Vr- Vp
@ Determine the percentage.·n ·of the
- 2.55 .(·1.4) original energy lost during the impact.
e - 6.26-0 Coefficient of restitution along y-axis:
@ If the tennis ball has a coefficient of
e= 0.63 _Va' Cos so··v A· restitution of e = 0.80 during impact with
Solution: e - V" Cos 30' •o the court surface, determine the velocity
© Velocity of ball B afterimpact V0 with which the ball must be thrown
@ ercentage of loss of energy due to VA = 1.98 mis
downward from the 1600 mm shoulder
impact: O ::; 0.5Ve' • VA'y levelif it·is to return to the same levelafter
. r 1· 1.98 Cos 30"
KE1 wh Sm 0 =2r bouncing once on the court surface.
KE1 = 800(9.81){2) 0 = 30· 0.5Va' -VA'y = 1.715 by{0.5) @
KE1=15696 Va' + 0.5VA'y ::0.857 0
!hrowri downward interaction. ® Compute Iha coefficient of friction between ...,=lSOMg ,...., f:im,=12 Ma
@ If the 140 g projectile is in<:0nlact with the
washer for 0.03 soc., delermine the @
the snow and the runners of lhe sled.
Compute the acceleration of lhe sled and ,n_a& aitalRf&i.;l M
the boy. Solution:
\
. magnitude of the average f€Xel'ted 'by
the projectile on the washer. 20m . m1=.'S0lcg
m1V1 +.m2V2 = (m1+ m2)V
Q.W..,*';;;;s;"''*!f!''."'* g,!i:;· = (12 + 350)V
l
. 12{20)·+ 350(0)
\ r V =0.663 koh
, VF'
.
'' 140 g
---- il
'
'
6 00m l
'
Solution:
<D Common velocity ofprojectile and washer Solution: Careful measurements made during the
1600
mm m1V1+ m2V2 = (m1 + m )V <D Common velocity of boy and sled mis impact of the 200 g metal cylinder with the
',. · mN1 + m2V2 = (m1 + mi)V
50(4) + 10{0)=(50 + 10)V
V= 3.33 mfs
140(600) + 300(0) = (140 + 300)V Fl = m(V1- V) Coefficient of friction between the snow and the
runners of the sled
V2 = "'12g(1.6) v = 190.9 mis F(O.03) = 0.143(600 - 190.9)
V =-0 V 3.33
F = 1909 N 2
V2 =5.6mls
® Lossof energy duringthe iote<aGtioo 'Om
_ Y.i
e - v1 ' i
Initial KE = (0.140XOOQ)2
Initial KE = 25200
v - 5.6
1 -0.8
Final KE= (0.140 t-0.300)(190.9)2
V1= 7 rnfs
Final KE = 8017.42
m t.·' .
.:.•, , ..., ;
--i-- -
-·
-
1imet,.s 0.08
V = 15:42 mis @ Velocity Ve ® Distance traveled by the train from until it ® Percentageloss "n" of energy of the
Conservation of momentum along tha stop system due to coupling
@ Average force exerted by,the cytinder on x-axis: v2= v 2 .2as 2
mV0 = rnVAx + mVax + mVcx 0 VA = .6= 0.56 mis
the steel · O = (25)2 • 2(1.333)S 3 1.
m(2.5) = m(0.98) + mV8 Sin 3.a· + mVe V 8 = . 0.278 mis
Ft =m(Vr V1) S = 234.43 rn.
F(0.05) = 0.20(15.42- 6) 2.5 = 0.98 + 0.06£V8 + Ve 1.5 ml
Vc = 3 6 =0.417
1.52 = 0.666V8 + Ve
F = 37.68 N @ Force in the coupUng between the cars 3.6 s
1.52 = 0.666(1.14) + ve For 2 cars:
Ve = 0.76 mis F(t) = mA(6V) •ms(6V)
l iUal KE = l)lAVl + msVa2 +mcVe2
F(18.75) = 25000(25- 0)• 20000(25 • 0)
l@j F = 6666 N for the two cars lnttial KE = (65)(0.56)2 + (50)(0.278)2
-. ----
2 k ph 1 1.5 kph
5
V=0 = 0.0986 mis
........
!!! •
kph
,' ....... '
' 1.5
Visit For more Pdf's Books =
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526 Pdfbooksforum.com s2 t.
!CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I \CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM I
direcUy on hard ground and to a height h2 = between the ball and the plate.
160 mm when a foam-rubber mat is placed plaJe foam
rubbermat
® Determine the velocity of the plate after
rubber mat
TV/'
between the plate and theground. V/'=1.772 mis
impact when a foam-rubber mat is placed
betweenthe plate and the ground.
<D Determine the velocity of the ball before Note: V2''? velocity ofplate after impact @ Detennine the mass of the plate. V2'= velocity of plate after impact
impact when the plate rests directly on V1"=velocity of ball after impact
V1• = velocity of ball after impact
hard ground. •G
I \
W Determine the height h0 from which the m1V1 + m2V2 = m,V1" + m2Vi' .• ! \ /.... : .·····.·..
ballwas dropped, =
35V1+ 140(0) 35(-1.772) +140V2' ha=6cL mm ; f \
k, •:,L'. :r
V1" = \' 2g
.
@ Determine the coefficieC1t of restitution 35V1=-52.02 + 140V2'
between the balland the plate. vt" =-..) 2(9.81)(0.20)
•\
35V 1+62.02 = 140V£
1
V£ = 0.25V1 + 0.443
/,. ...
plate V 1" = 1.981 mis
e = V2'-{-V1J
\ . . . ·-·\: m
1V + m2V2 m1V" + m2V2'
v,-o mm\ !
ho
'\(!·: ·!i
v, h, /
i";!..i
·\..,
,':...: - 3.373
0=6
=
e . _ V1 h 1
2gh
V1
e=
v, 3.373
e= V2' = 0.678 rnls
e = 4.632
e= 3.373 e = 0.728 !360 = o.ns
e = -\1
660
@ Mass of the plate ® Average impulsive force acting on eadl mAVA + nsVe = (mA + "8)(162.62)Sin 75.58.
120.085 +.O = • 69.335 + m2V2'
car if the coupling iscompleted in 0.3 sec iW411 4500(120) +!lOOOVax
= (4500 + 6000)(162.62;Sin 75.58.
ft = m(6V) A 4500 kg helicopter A was traveli.ng due east Vsx = 185.62 kph
120.085 + O = • 69.335 + m2(0.678)
at a speed of 120 kph and an altitude of 800
6V =VA - V' m. when it was hit by a 6000 kg helicopter B. ® South component of the velocity of
rri2 = 279.4 g
As a result of lhe collision, both Iv !ir,oplers lost helicopter B before impact .
6V = 0.5-0.18
'their lift and their entangled wrecc. e fall to mAVA1_+_ m ,V8y= (mA + ng)(162.62)Cos 75.se·
i.\V=0.32m/s the ground in 12 sec. at a point located 525 m. 0 + 6000Vey = {4500+6000) (162.62)Cos 75.58'
east and 135 m. south of the point of impact. Vey = 70.87 kph
Neglecting air resistance.
@ Vertical component of th velocity of
Ft = m(i.\V) CD Determine the east componen' •Jf the helicopter 8just efore impact
velocity of the helicopter 8 just oeiore the
F(0.3) = 20000(0.32) impact
A 20 Mg railroad car moving at a speed of 0.5 <Z> Determine the south component of the
mis to the right collides with a 35 Mgcar which f = 21333N
velocity of helicopter B just before the
:=:r
is at rest. ' ifl)pact.
F=21.33kN
@ Determine the vertical component of the
CD Detennine the final velocity of the ·20 Mg _velocity of helicopter 8just before impact.
. 52
,..5
.,m---v
car after collision if both cars get
automaticaUy andtightly coupled. @ Coefficient of restitutionbetween the<:arS 120kph ·
PLAN VIEW
® Determine the average impulsive force
acting on each car if the coupling is mAVA + m8V8 =mAVA' +m8V8' B
ni6=6000 kg
completed in0.3 sec. After lmpacl
20(0.5) + 35{0) = 20V A' + 35Vs'
·
@ ff after the collision the 35 Mg car is jsoo m
observed to move to theright at a speed of
0.3 m/s, determine the coefficient of
20VA' + 35Vs' = 10 i' . ..........
restitution between the cars. 20VA' + 35(0.3)= 10 \, :
Solution: l -........_
V1,' = - 0.025 mis © East component of the velocity of the
800 m 1: '"' . ElevaJion
helicopter Bjust before impact ; "'. \'iew
'" "MWcl ;
IV
v ·.v ·
e = .!fl...:..!A.
VA·Va
w· ---:;r 542 m
e _- ·o.3-(-0.0251
0.5 - o A
111.,=-4SOOkg J:;Sm
800 = Vz(12) + (9.81)(12)2
Solution:
e = 0.65 Vz = 7.807 mis (3.6)
CD Final velocity of the 20 Mg car after 525ru
V2 = 28.104 kph
collision if bothcars are coupled s