C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ...

a g e 1 o f 10 9 P

Best Practices for Catalyst 4 5 0 0 / 4 0 0 0 , 5 5 0 0 / 5 0 0 0 , an d 6 5 0 0 / 6 0 0 0 S eries S w itch es R u n n in g CatO S Con fig u ration an d M an ag em en t
Contents
Introduction P re re q uis ite s R e q u ire m e n ts C o m p o n e n ts U s e d C o n v e n tio n s B a c k g ro u n d In fo rm a tio n B a s ic C onf ig ura tion C a ta ly s t C o n tro l P la n e P ro to c o ls V L A N T ru n k in g P ro to c o l E x te n d e d V L A N a n d M A C A d d re s s R e d u c tio n A u to n e g o tia tio n G ig a b it E th e rn e t D y n a m ic T ru n k in g P ro to c o l S p a n n in g T re e P ro to c o l E th e rC h a n n e l U n id ire c tio n a l L in k D e te c tio n Ju m b o F ra m e M a na g e m e nt C onf ig ura tion N e tw o rk D ia g ra m s I n -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t O u t -o f -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t S y s te m T e s ts S y s te m a n d H a rd w a re E rro r D e te c tio n E th e rC h a n n e l/L in k E rro rs H a n d lin g C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 P a c k e t B u f f e r D i a g n o s t i c s S y s te m L o g g in g S im p le N e tw o rk M a n a g e m e n t P ro to c o l R e m o te M o n ito rin g N e tw o rk T im e P ro to c o l C is c o D is c o v e ry P ro to c o l S e curity C onf ig ura tion B a s ic S e c u rity F e a tu re s T e rm in a l A c c e s s C o n tro lle r A c c e s s C o n tro l S y s te m C onf ig ura tion C h e ck l is t h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

TAC Notice: What's C han g i n g o n T A C We b

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 2 o f 10 9 P N e tP ro D is cus s ion F orum s - F e a ture d C onv e rs a tions R e l a te d Inf orm a tion

I ntr od u c ti on
T h is d o c s p e c ific a c o m m a n D e p lo y m d o e s n o t u m lly d s e n c o e n t th e a re t so v e r d is c u s s e s th e im p le m e n ta tio n o f C C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a d is c u s s e d u n d e r th e a s s u m p tio n th f t w a r e 6.4( 3) o r l a t e r . A l t h o u g h s o o v e ra ll c a m p u s d e s ig n . is c n d a t y m e o C a ta ly s t s e rie s 650 0 / 60 0 0 p l a t f o o u a re ru n n in g C d e s ig n c o n s id e ra sw rm a ta tio itc h e s s .C o n ly s t O n s a re in y o u r n e tw fig u ra tio n s a S (C a tO S ) G p r e s e n te d ,th o rk , n d e n e ra l is d o c u m e n t

P r er eq u i si tes
Requirements
T h i s d o c u m e n t a s s u m e s f a m i l i a r i t y w i t h t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 S e r i e s C o m m a n d R e f e r e n c e , 7.6. A lth o u g h re fe re n c e s to p u b lic o n lin e m a te ria l fo r fu rth e r re a d in g a re p ro v id e d th ro u g h o u t th e d o c u m e n t, th e s e a re o th e r fo u n d a tio n a l a n d e d u c a tio n a l re fe re n c e s : C is c o IS P E s s e n tia ls E s s e n tia l IO S F e a tu re s E v e ry I S P S h o u ld C o n s id e r . C is c o N e tw o rk M o n ito rin g a n d E v e n t C o rre la tio n G u id e lin e s G i g a b i t C a m p u s N e t w o r k D e s i g n P r i n c i p l e s a n d A r c h i t e c t u r e C is c o S A F E : A S e c u rity B lu e p rin t fo r E n te rp ris e N e tw o rk s

C o mp o nents U sed
T h is d o c u m e n t is n o t re s tric te d to s p e c ific s o ftw a re a n d h a rd w a re v e rs io n s .

C o nv entio ns
R e fe r to C is c o T e c h n ic a l T ip s C o n v e n tio n s fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n o n d o c u m e n t c o n v e n tio n s .

B a c k g ro und I nf o rma tio n

T h e s e s o lu tio n s re p re s e n t y e a rs o f fie ld e x p e rie n c e fro m C is c o e n g in e e rs w o rk in g w ith m a n y o f o u r l a r g e s t c u s t o m e r s a n d c o m p l e x n e t w o r k s . C o n s e q u e n t l y , t h i s d o c u m e n t e m p h a s i z e s r e a l -w o r l d c o n f ig u r a tio n s th a t m a k e n e tw o r k s s u c c e s s f u l.T h is p a p e r o f f e r s th e s e s o lu tio n s : S o lu tio n s th a t h a v e s ta tis tic a lly th e b r o a d e s t fie ld e x p o s u re ,a n d th u s th e lo w e s t ris k . S o lu tio n s th a t a r e s im p le ,tr a d in g s o m e f le x ib ility f o r d e te r m in is tic r e s u lts .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 3 o f 10 9 P S o lu tio n s th a t a re e a s y to m a n a g e a n d c o n fig u re d b y n e tw o rk o p e ra tio n s te a m s . S o lu tio n s th a t p ro m o te h ig h a v a ila b ility a n d h ig h s ta b ility . T h is d o c u m e n t is d iv id e d in to th e s e fo u r s e c tio n s : B a s ic C o n f ig u r a tio n f e a tu r e s u s e d b y a m a jo r ity o f n e tw o r k s s u c h a s S p a n n in g T r e e P r o to c o l (S T P ) a n d tru n k in g . M a n a g e m e n t C o n f ig u r a tio n d e s ig n c o n s id e r a tio n s a lo n g w ith s y s te m a n d e v e n t m o n ito r in g u s in g S im p le N e tw o r k M a n a g e m e n t P r o to c o l ( S N M P ) ,R e m o te M o n ito r in g ( R M O N ) ,S y s lo g , C is c o D is c o v e r y P r o to c o l ( C D P ) ,a n d N e tw o r k T im e P r o to c o l ( N T P ) . S e c u r ity C o n f ig u r a tio n p a s s w o r d s ,p o r t s e c u r ity ,p h y s ic a l s e c u r ity ,a n d a u th e n tic a tio n u s in g T A C A C S + . C o n f ig u r a tio n C h e c k lis ts u m m a r y o f s u g g e s te d c o n f ig u r a tio n te m p la te s .

B a si c Conf i g u r a ti on
F e a tu re s d e p lo y e d w ith th e m a jo rity o f C a ta ly s t n e tw o rk s a re d is c u s s e d in th is s e c tio n .

C a ta l y st C o ntro l P l a ne P ro to c o l s
T h is s e c tio n in tr o d u c e s th e p r o to c o ls th a t r u n b e tw e e n s w itc h e s u n d e r n o r m a l o p e r a tio n .A b a s ic u n d e rs ta n d in g o f th e s e p ro to c o ls is h e lp fu l in ta c k lin g e a c h s e c tio n . S up e rv is or T ra f f ic M o st fe a c o n tro W h e th e a ll h a v e a tu re s e n a b le d in lle d e x c h a n g e o f r th e s e p ro to c o ls c e rta in e le m e n ts a C a ta ly s t n k e e p a liv e m a re C is c o p r in c o m m o n e tw e ss o p r w h o rk re q u ire tw o o r m a g e s ,c o n fig u ra tio n ie ta r y ,lik e C D P ,o r e n im p le m e n te d o n o r e s w itc h e s to c o o p e r a te ,s o th e r e m u s t b e p a r a m e te r s ,a n d m a n a g e m e n t c h a n g e s . s t a n d a r d s -b a s e d , l i k e I E E E 80 2.1d ( S T P ) , th e C a ta ly s t s e rie s . e a d d re ss a n d t A d d re s s a b le u rc e a d d re ss e a d d re ss b ro a d c a st o r

In b a s ic fra d e s tin a tio n M e m o ry (C le a rn in g p r le a rn in g p r m u ltic a s t a

m e f o r w a r d in g ,u s e r d a ta f r a m e a d d re s s a re n o t c h a n g e d th ro u g A M ) l o o k u p -t a b l e s o n e a c h s w o c e s s a n d in d ic a te w h ic h e g re s s o c e s s is in c o m p le te (th e d e s tin a d d r e s s ) ,it is f o r w a r d e d ( f lo o d e d

s o r ig in a te f r o m e n d s y s te m s ,a n d th e ir s o u r c h o u t L a y e r 2 ( L 2) s w i t c h e d d o m a i n s . C o n t e n itc h S u p e rv is o r E n g in e a re p o p u la te d b y a s o p o r t m u s t f o r w a r d e a c h f r a m e r e c e iv e d .I f th tio n is u n k n o w n o r th e fra m e is d e s tin e d to a ) o u t a ll p o rts in th a t V L A N .

T h e s w itc h m u s t a ls o re c o g n iz e w h ic h fra m e s a re to b e s w itc h e d th ro u g h th e s y s te m a n d w h ic h m u s t b e d ire c te d to th e s w itc h C P U its e lf (a ls o k n o w n a s th e N e tw o rk M a n a g e m e n t P ro c e s s o r [N M P ]). T h e C a ta ly s t c o n tr o rd e r to re c e iv e a n w e l l -k n o w n d e s t i n I s s u e s h ow C A M o l p la n d d ire c a tio n M s y s te m e is t tra A C c o m c re a te d u ffic to th a d d re ss m a n d o s in g e N M e s ,c n a s s p e c ia l e n trie s in th e C P o n a n in te rn a l s w itc o n tro l p la n e tra ffic c a n w itc h to c o n f ir m th is ,a A M h p o b e s s sh t a b l e c a l l e d s y s te m e ntrie s i n r t.T h u s ,b y u s in g p r o to c o ls w ith e p a ra te d fro m th e d a ta tra ffic . o w n :

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 4 o f 10 9 P

>show cam system S t a t i c E n t r y . + = P e r m a n e n t E n t r y . # = S y s t e m E n t r y . R = R o u t e r E n t r y . P o r t S e c u r i t y E n t r y V L A N D e s t M A C / R o u t e D e s [ C o S ] D e s t i n a t i o n P o r t s o r V C s / [ P r o t o c o l T y p e ] ---- ---------------------- ------------------------------------------1 0 0 -d 0 -f f -8 8 -c b -f f # 1/ 3 X = !--- N M P 1 i n t e r n a l p o r t . # 1/ 3 * =

0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c a n d s o o n . #

!--- C D P 1

0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c d S T P . #

1/ 3

!--- C i s c o 1

0 1-8 0 -c 2-0 0 -0 0 -0 0 S T P . #

1/ 3

!--- I E E E 1

0 1-8 0 -c 2-0 0 -0 0 -0 1 f l o w c o n t r o l .

1/ 3

!--- I E E E 1

0 0 -0 3-6 b -51-e 1-8 2 R # S w i t c h F e a t u r e C a r d

15/ 1 ( M S F C ) r o u t e r .

!--- M u l t i l a y e r . . .

C is c o h a s a r e s e r v e d r a n g e o f E th e r n e t M A C a n d p r o to c o l a d d r e s s e s ,a s s h o w n .E a c h o n e is c o v e r e d la te r in th is d o c u m e n t.H o w e v e r ,a s u m m a r y is p r e s e n te d in th is ta b le f o r c o n v e n ie n c e . F e a ture P o rt A g g re g a tio n P ro to c o l (P A g P ) S p a n n in g T re e P V S T P + V L A N B rid g e U n id ire c tio n a l L in k D e te c tio n (U D L D ) C is c o D is c o v e ry P ro to c o l S N A P H D L C P rotocol T y p e 0 x 0 10 4 0 x 0 10 b 0 x 0 10 c 0 x 0 111 0 x 20 0 0 0 x 20 0 4 0 x 20 0 a D e s tina tion M ul tica s t M A C 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c d 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c d -c d c e 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c d -c d c d

D y n a m ic T ru n k in g (D T P ) S T P U p lin k F a s t

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 5 o f 10 9 P IE E E S p a n n in g T re e 80 2.1d In te r S w itc h L in k (IS L ) N / A - D S A P 42 0 1-80 -c 2-0 0 -0 0 S S A P 42 0 0 N /A 0 x 20 0 3 0 1-0 0 -0 c -0 0 -0 0 0 0 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c

V L A N T ru n k in g (V T P )

I E E E P a u s e , 80 2.3x

N / A - D S A P 81 0 1-80 -C 2-0 0 -0 0 S S A P 80 0 0 > 0 F

T h e m a j o r i t y o f C i s c o c o n t r o l p r o t o c o l s u s e a n I E E E 80 2.3 S N A P e n c a p s u l a t i o n , i n c l u d i n g L L C 0x A A A A 03 , O U I 0x 00000C , w h i c h c a n b e s e e n o n a L A N a n a l y z e r t r a c e . O t h e r c o m m o n p r o p e r t i e s o f th e s e p ro to c o ls in c lu d e : T h d e sw p o b e e s e p r o t o c o l s a s s u m e p o i n t -t o s tin a tio n a d d re s s e s e n a b le s tw itc h e s ,a s d e v ic e s th a t d o n o t i n t -t o -m u l t i p o i n t c o n n e c t i o n s h a v io r a n d m u s t g e n e ra lly b e -p o i n t o C a ta u n d e rs th ro u g a v o id e c o n n ly s ts ta n d h m u d . e c tiv ity to tra n s a n d in te l t i -v e n d .N o p a re rc e p o r e te th a t th e d e lib n tly c o m m u n ic t th e fra m e s s im n v iro n m e n ts c a e ra te a te o p ly n re s u se v e r n flo o d u lt in o f o n th in m u ltic a s t -C i s c o e m .H o w e v e r , c o n s is te n t

T h e s e p r o t o c o l s t e r m i n a t e a t L a y e r 3 ( L 3) r o u t e r s ; t h e y f u n c t i o n o n l y w i t h i n a s w i t c h d o m a i n . T h e s e p r o t o c o l s r e c e i v e p r i o r i t i z a t i o n o v e r u s e r d a t a b y i n g r e s s a p p l i c a t i o n -s p e c i f i c i n t e g r a t e d c irc u it (A S IC ) p ro c e s s in g a n d s c h e d u lin g . A fte r th e in d e s c rib e d f a d d re sse s p th e a d d re s s u n its (B P D tro d u c tio n o f th e c o o r c o m p le te n e s s .S w ro v id e d b y a n E P R O ra n g e s a v a ila b le to U s) o r IS L fra m e s. n tro l itc h M o e a c h p ro to c o l p ro to c o ls n th e c h a m o d u le w d e s tin a tio n a u se a M A C s s is .I s s u e th h e n it s o u rc d d r e s s e s ,th e s o u a d d re s s ta k e n fro e s h ow m odul e c e s tra ffic s u c h a s rc e a d d re m a b a n k o m m a n d S T P b rid ss o f in g e m u s t a ls o b e a v a ila b le o rd e r to d is p la y p ro to c o l d a ta

>show mod u l e . . . M o d M A C -A d d r e s s ( e s ) H w F w S w --- -------------------------------------- ------ ---------- ----------------1 0 0 -0 1-c 9 -d a -0 c -1e t o 0 0 -0 1-c 9 -d a -0 c -1f 2. 2 6 . 1( 3) 6 . 1( 1d ) 0 0 -0 1-c 9 -d a -0 c -1c t o 0 0 -0 1-c 9 -d a -0 c -1 0 0 -d 0 -f f -8 8 -c 8 -0 0 t o 0 0 -d 0 -f f -8 8 -c b -f f !--- M A C s . . . V L A N 1 f o r s o u r c i n g t r a f f i c .

V L A N 1 V L A N 1h a s a s p e c ia l s ig n if ic a n c e in C a ta ly s t n e tw o r k s . T h e C a t a l y s t S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e a l w a y s u s e s t h e d e f a u l t V L A N , V L A N 1, t o t a g a n u m b e r o f c o n t r o l a n d m a n a g e m e n t p r o to c o ls w h e n tr u n k in g ,s u c h a s C D P ,V T P a n d P A g P .A ll p o r ts ,in c lu d in g th e in te r n a l h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 6 o f 10 9 P s c 0 i n t e r f a c e , a r e c o n f i g u r e d b y d e f a u l t t o b e m e m b e r s o f V L A N 1. A l l t r u n k s c a r r y V L A N 1 b y d e f a u l t , a n d i n C a t O S s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s e a r l i e r t h a n 5.4, i t w a s n o t p o s s i b l e t o b l o c k u s e r d a t a i n V L A N 1. T h e s e d e f i n i t i o n s a r e n e e d e d i n o r d e r t o h e l p c l a r i f y s o m e w e l l -u s e d t e r m s i n C a t a l y s t n e t w o r k i n g : T h e m a n a g e m e n t V L A N is w h e re s c 0 re s id e s ; th is V L A N c a n b e c h a n g e d . T h e n a tiv e V L A N is d e f in e d a s th e V L A N to w h ic h a p o r t r e tu r n s w h e n n o t tr u n k in g ,a n d is th e u n t a g g e d V L A N o n a n 80 2.1Q t r u n k . B y d e f a u l t , V L A N 1 i s t h e n a t i v e V L A N . I n o r d e r t o c h a n g e t h e n a t i v e V L A N , i s s u e t h e s e t v l a n vlan-i d m o d / p o r t c o m m a n d . N ote : C r e a t e t h e V L A N b e f o r e y o u s e t i t a s t h e n a t i v e V L A N o f t h e t r u n k . T h e s e a r e s e v e r a l g o o d r e a s o n s t o t u n e a n e t w o r k a n d a l t e r t h e b e h a v i o r o f p o r t s i n V L A N 1: W h e n t h e d i a m e t e r o f V L A N 1, l i k e a n y o t h e r V L A N , g e t s l a r g e e n o u g h t o b e a r i s k t o s t a b i l i t y ( p a r tic u la r ly f r o m a n S T P p e r s p e c tiv e ) it n e e d s to b e p r u n e d b a c k .T h is is d is c u s s e d in m o r e d e ta il i n t h e I n -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t . C o n tr o l p la n e d a ta o n V L A N 1m u s t b e k e p t s e p a r a te f r o m tro u b le s h o o tin g a n d m a x im iz e a v a ila b le C P U c y c le s . th e u s e r d a ta in o rd e r to s im p lify

L 2 l o o p s i n V L A N 1 m u s t b e a v o i d e d w h e n m u l t i l a y e r -c a m p u s n e t w o r k s a r e d e s i g n e d w i t h o u t S T P ,a n d tr u n k in g is s till r e q u ir e d to th e a c c e s s la y e r if th e r e a r e m u ltip le V L A N s a n d I P s u b n e ts . T o d o th is ,m a n u a lly c le a r V L A N 1f r o m tr u n k p o r ts . I n s u m m a r y ,n o te th is in f o r m a tio n a b o u t tr u n k s : C D P , V T P , a nd P A g P u p d a t e s a r e a l w a y s f o r w a r d e d o n t r u n k s w i t h a V L A N 1 t a g . T h i s i s t h e c a s e e v e n if V L A N 1is c le a r e d f r o m th e tr u n k s a n d is n o t th e n a tiv e V L A N .I f V L A N 1is c le a r e d f o r u s e r d a t a , t h e s e i s n o i m p a c t o n c o n t r o l p l a n e t r a f f i c t h a t i s s t i l l s e n t u s i n g V L A N 1. O n a n I S L t r u n k , D T P p a c k e t s a r e s e n t o n V L A N 1. T h i s i s t h e c a s e e v e n i f V L A N 1 i s c l e a r e d f r o m t h e t r u n k a n d i s n o l o n g e r t h e n a t i v e V L A N . O n a n 80 2.1Q t r u n k , D T P p a c k e t s a r e s e n t o n th e n a tiv e V L A N .T h is is th e c a s e e v e n if th e n a tiv e V L A N is c le a r e d f r o m th e tr u n k . I n P V S T + , t h e 8 02 V L A N 1f o r in te r o th e c a s e re g a rd le s s fo r a ll o th e r V L A N d e ta ils . . 1Q IE E E B P D p e ra b ility w ith o f th e n a tiv e V s .R e f e r to th e U s a re o th e r v e L A N c o S p a n n in fo rw a n d o rs n fig u g T re rd e d u n ta g g e d o n th ,u n le s s V L A N 1is r a t i o n . C is co P V S T e P ro to c o l s e c tio n in e c o m m c le a re d + B P D U th is d o o n S p a n n in g fro m th e tru n s a re se n t a n c u m e n t fo r m T re e k .T h is is d ta g g e d o re

80 2.1s M u l t i p l e S p a n n i n g T r e e ( M S T ) B P D U s a r e a l w a y s s e n t o n V L A N 1 o n b o t h I S L a n d 80 2.1Q t r u n k s . T h i s a p p l i e s e v e n w h e n V L A N 1 i s c l e a r e d f r o m t h e t r u n k s . D o c a s th e M u n o t c le e th a t V M S T b ltip le S a r o L A rid g p a n r d is a b le V L A N 1is d is a b le e p u ttin g its b n in g T re e P ro N 1o n tr u n k s d ,th e M S T b r o u n d a ry p o rts t o c o l ( 80 2.1s ) b e tw id g e in th fo r d e e m u e r e ta n M S T b r id g e s a n d P V S T + b r id g e s .B u t,in th e s t b e c o m e ro o t in o rd e r fo r a ll V L A N s to a v o id o o t -i n c o n s i s t e n t s t a t e . R e f e r t o U n d e r s t a n d i n g ils . 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 7 o f 10 9 P R e com m e nda tions In o rd e r to k e e p a V to h a v e a t le a s t o n e s ta te .C u r r e n tly ,th e th e s w itc h fo r th a t V If y o u a lte rn a fo rc e s in fo rm L A N i n a n up /up s t a t e w i t h n o c l i e n t s o r h o s t s c o n n e c t e d i n t h a t V L A N , y o u n e e d p h y s i c a l d e v i c e c o n n e c t e d i n t h a t V L A N . O t h e r w i s e , t h e V L A N h a s a n up /dow n r e i s n o c o m m a n d t o p u t a V L A N i n t e r f a c e up /up w h e n t h e r e a r e n o a c t i v e p o r t s i n L A N .

d o n o t w a n t to c o n n e c t a d e v ic e ,c o n n e c t a lo o p b a c k p lu g in a n y p o r t f o r th a t V L A N .A s a n tiv e ,tr y a c r o s s o v e r c a b le th a t c o n n e c ts tw o p o r ts in th a t V L A N o n th e s a m e s w itc h .T h is m e th o d t h e p o r t u p . R e f e r t o t h e L o o p b a c k P l u g s e c t i o n o f L o o p b a c k T e s t s f o r T 1/ 56K L i n e s f o r m o r e a tio n . o rk id e rs o n e s la te is m .If se rv th e u ltih th e V ic e p V L A o m L A ro v N e d N id n u to s n u m e r to m b e e r v ic e p r o v id e r s ,th e n e tw o r k a c ts a s a tr a n s it n e tw o r k b e tw e e n tw o b e r re c e iv e d in a p a c k e t n e e d s to b e tra n s la te d o r c h a n g e d w h e n a n o th e r s e r v ic e p r o v id e r ,it is a d v is a b le to u s e th e Q in Q f e a tu r e in r.

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B e f o r e y o u c r e a te V L A N s ,d e te r m in e th e V T P m o d e to b e u s e d in th e n e tw o r k .V T P e n a b le s V L A N c o n f ig u r a tio n c h a n g e s to b e m a d e c e n tr a lly o n o n e o r m o r e s w itc h e s .T h o s e c h a n g e s a u to m a tic a lly p ro p a g a te to a ll o th e r s w itc h e s in th e d o m a in . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w V T P is a L a d d itio n ,d a n d c o n fig in c o rre c t V s to re d in N T h a d p o o n 2m e s s a g in g p r o to c o l th a t m a in ta in e le tio n ,a n d r e n a m in g o f V L A N s o u ra tio n in c o n s is te n c ie s th a t c a n c a u L A N -t y p e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s , a n d s e c u V R A M o n V T P s e rv e rs s e p a ra te ly s V L A N n a n e tw o se a n u m rity v io la fro m th e c o rk b e tio c o n fig u ra -w i d e b r o f p ro n s .T h e n fig u ra tio n a s is b le m V L tio n c o n .V T s ,s A N file s is te P m u c h d a ta . n c y .V T P in im iz e s m a s d u p lic a b a s e is a b m a n a g e s th is c o n fig u r te V L A N n in a ry file a e a tio n s a m e s, n d is

e V T P p ro to c o l c o m m u n ic a te s b e tw e e n s w itc h e s u s in g a n E th e rn e t d e s tin a tio n m u ltic a s t M A C d r e s s ( 01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc) a n d S N A P H D L C p r o t o c o l t y p e O x 20 0 3. I t d o e s n o t w o r k o v e r n o n -t r u n k r t s ( V T P i s a p a y l o a d o f I S L o r 80 2.1Q ) , s o m e s s a g e s c a n n o t b e s e n t u n t i l D T P h a s b r o u g h t t h e t r u n k lin e . e s n ts b e th e in c lu d e w h e n th r is in c r d o m a in s u m m a r y a d v e r tis e m e n ts e v e r y f iv e m in u te s ,s u b s e t a d v e r tis e m e n ts a n d r e q u e s t e r e a r e c h a n g e s ,a n d jo in s w h e n V T P p r u n in g is e n a b le d .T h e V T P c o n f ig u r a tio n e m e n te d b y o n e w ith e v e r y c h a n g e o n a s e r v e r ,w h ic h th e n p r o p a g a te s th e n e w .

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V T P v e r s i o n 2 ( V T P v 2) i n c l u d e s t h i s f u n c t i o n a l f l e x i b i l i t y . H o w e v e r , i t i s n o t i n t e r o p e r a b l e w i t h V T P v e r s i o n 1 ( V T P v 1) : T o k e n R in g s u p p o rt U n re c o g n iz e d V T P in fo rm a tio n s u p p o rt; s w itc h e s n o w p ro p a g a te v a lu e s th e y c a n n o t p a rs e . V e r s i o n -d e p e n d e n t t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e ; t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e n o l o n g e r c h e c k s d o m a i n n a m e . T h i s e n a b le s s u p p o rt o f m o re th a n o n e d o m a in a c ro s s a tra n s p a re n t d o m a in . V e r s io n n u m b e r p r o p a g a tio n ; if V T P v 2is p o s s ib le o n a ll s w itc h e s ,a ll c a n b e e n a b le d th r o u g h th e c o n fig u ra tio n o f a s in g le s w itc h . h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s ... a g e 9 o f 10 9 P R e fe r to U n d e rs ta n d in g a n d C o n fig u rin g V L A N T ru n k P ro to c o l (V T P ) fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . V T P V e rs ion 3 C a t O S s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e 8.1 i n t r o d u c e s s u p p o r t f o r V T P v e r s i o n 3 ( V T P v 3) . V T P v 3 p r o v i d e s e n h a n c e m e n ts o v e r th e e x is tin g v e r s io n s .T h e s e e n h a n c e m e n ts a llo w f o r : S u p p o rt fo r e x te n d e d V L A N s S u p p o rt fo r th e c re a tio n a n d a d v e rtis e m e n t o f p riv a te V L A N s S u p p o rt fo r V L A N in s ta n c e s a n d M S T m a p p in g p ro p a g a tio n in s ta n c e s (w h ic h a re s u p p o rte d in C a t O S r e l e a s e 8.3) Im p ro v e d s e rv e r a u th e n tic a tio n P ro te c tio n fro m a c c id e n ta l in s e rtio n o f th e " w ro n g " d a ta b a s e in to a V T P d o m a in

I n te r a c tio n w ith V T P v 1a n d V T P v 2 T h e a b i l i t y t o b e c o n f i g u r e d o n a p e r -p o r t b a s i s O n e o f th e m a jo r d iff o f a V T P p rim a ry s e r d o m a in is n o t p a rtitio p rim a ry s e rv e r in o rd V T P v 3d o m a in ,w h ic th e s w itc h b e c o m e s a th e d o m a in b u t c a n n o a s u c c e s s fu l ta k e o v e r S w itc h e s th a t ru n p r im a r y s e r v e r .T a c c e p ts a s u p e rio p r o te c tio n .A n e w o v e rw rite th e V L V T h is r c o sw A N e r e n c e s b e tw e e n V T P v 3im p le m e n ta tio n a n d th e v e r .I d e a lly ,th e r e m u s t b e o n ly o n e p r im a r y s e r v n e d .A n y c h a n g e s th a t y o u m a k e to th e V T P d o m e r to b e p r o p a g a te d to th e V T P d o m a in .T h e r e c a h a r e a ls o k n o w n a s s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r s .W h e n a s s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r b y d e f a u lt.T h e s e c o n d a r y s e r v t m o d if y th e c o n f ig u r a tio n .A s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r c fro m th e s w itc h . P v 3o n ly a c c e p t a V T P d a ta b a s e w ith a p ro c e s s d iffe rs s ig n ific a n tly fro m V T P v n fig u ra tio n fro m a n e ig h b o r in th e s a m e itc h th a t is in tro d u c e d in to th e n e tw o rk c o n fig u ra tio n o f th e e n tire d o m a in . h ig h 1a n d o m w ith e a rlie r v e rs io n is th e in tro d u c tio e r in a V T P v 3d o m a in ,if th e a in m u s t b e e x e c u te d o n th e V T n b e m u ltip le s e rv e rs w ith in a w itc h is c o n fig u re d to b e a s e rv e e r c a n s to re th e c o n fig u ra tio n o f a n b e c o m e th e p rim a ry s e rv e r w io n n 2, i n is c h r V T u m b e r w h ic h a n g e w P re v is th a n th e a s w itc h ith V T P io n n u m c u r a lw v 3p b e r n P r, ith

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T h e V T P v 3a ls o in tr o d u c e s a n e n h a n c e m e n t to h o w th e V T P h a n d le s p a s s w o r d s .I f y o u u s e th e h id d e n p a s s w o r d c o n f ig u r a tio n o p tio n in o r d e r to c o n f ig u r e a p a s s w o r d a s " h id d e n " ,th e s e ite m s o c c u r : T h e p a s s w o r d d o e s n o t a p p e a r in p la in te x t in th e c o n f ig u r a tio n .T h e s e c r e t h e x a d e c im a l f o r m a t o f th e p a s s w o rd is s a v e d in th e c o n fig u ra tio n . I f y o u tr y to c o n f ig u r e th e s w itc h a s a p r im a r y s e r v e r ,y o u a r e p r o m p te d f o r th e p a s s w o r d .I f y o u r p a s s w o r d m a tc h e s th e s e c r e t p a s s w o r d ,th e s w itc h b e c o m e s a p r im a r y s e r v e r ,w h ic h a llo w s y o u to c o n fig u re th e d o m a in . N ote : I t i s i m p o r t a n t t o n o t e t h a t t h e p r i m a r y s e r v e r i s o n l y n e c e s s a r y w h e n y o u n e e d t o m o d i f y t h e V T P c o n f ig u r a tio n f o r a n y in s ta n c e .A V T P d o m a in c a n o p e r a te w ith n o a c tiv e p r im a r y s e r v e r b e c a u s e th e s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r s e n s u r e p e r s is te n c e o f th e c o n f ig u r a tio n o v e r r e lo a d s .T h e p r im a r y s e r v e r s ta te is e x ite d h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 10 o f 10 9 fo r th e s e re a s o n s : A s w itc h re lo a d A h i g h -a v a i l a b i l i t y s w i t c h o v e r b e t w e e n t h e a c t i v e a n d r e d u n d a n t s u p e r v i s o r e n g i n e s A ta k e o v e r fro m a n o th e r s e rv e r

A c h a n g e in th e m o d e c o n fig u ra tio n A n y V T P d o m a in c o n f ig u r a tio n c h a n g e ,s u c h a s a c h a n g e in : V e rs io n D o m a in n a m e D o m a in p a s s w o rd V T c a n sp e M S P v 3a ls b e th e c ific to T in s ta o a llo w s th e s w itc h e s to p a V T P s e rv e r fo r o n e in s ta n c d if f e r e n t V T P in s ta n c e s .F n c e w h ile th e s w itc h is c o n rtic ip a te in m u ltip le in s ta n c e s o f e a n d a c lie n t fo r a n o th e r in s ta n c o r e x a m p le ,a s w itc h c a n o p e r a te fig u re d in s e r v e r m o d e fo r a V L V T P .I n th e b e c a u se in t r a n s p A N in s ta n is c a s e ,th e s a m e s w itc h th e V T P m o d e s a re a r e n t m o d e fo r a n c e .

In te rm s o f in te ra c tio n w th e e a rlie r v e rs io n s o f V s w itc h e s a re in t r a n s p a s w itc h e s re c e iv e a le g a c o f th e ir d a ta b a s e u p d a te u n id ire c tio n a l in th a t n o O n tr u n k c o n n e c tio n s ,V V T P v 3u p d a te s in o r d e r In o rd e r V T P a ss o n ly ,in s V L A N s to p r ig n s te a d u p p o o v 70 o f rt id b th is

ith V T P v 1a n d T P s im p ly d ro p r e n t m o d e ,a ll y V T P v 1o r V T to th e V T P v 1a u p d a te s fro m V T P v 3s w itc h e s to c a te r to th e e p o rt fo r e N ,is c h a u n m o d if e re s u ltin

V T P v 2, t h e d e f a u l t b e h a v i o r i n a l l v e r s i o n s o f V T P h a s b e e n t h a t th e n e w v e r s io n u p d a te s .U n le s s th e V T P v 1a n d V T P v 2 V T P v 3u p d a te s a r e d r o p p e d .O n th e o th e r h a n d ,a f te r V T P v 3 P v 2 f r a m e o n a t r u n k , t h e s w i t c h e s p a s s a s c a l e d -d o w n v e r s i o n n d V T P v 2s w itc h e s .H o w e v e r ,th is in f o r m a tio n e x c h a n g e is T P v 1a n d V T P v 2s w itc h e s a r e a c c e p te d b y th e V T P v 3s w itc h e s . c o n t i n u e t o s e n d o u t s c a l e d -d o w n u p d a t e s a s w e l l a s f u l l -f l e d g e d x is te n c e o f V T P v 2a n d V T P v 3n e ig h b o r s a c r o s s th e tr u n k p o r ts . x te n d e d V L n g e d .T h e c ie d fie ld s fo g V L A N d a A N h a n r th ta b s ,th e f o r m a t o f th e V L A N d a ta b a s e ,in w h ic h th e g e a l l o w s f o r t h e c o d i n g o f n o n -d e f a u l t v a l u e s e l e g a c y p r o t o c o l s . B e c a u s e o f t h i s c h a n g e , 4K a se .

e V T P v 3s u p y te s p e r V L A e c a rry in g o f th e s iz e o f th

R e com m e nda tion T h e re is n o s p e c ific re c o m m e n d a tio n o n w h e th e r to u s e V T P c l i e n t / s e r v e r m o d e s o r V T m o d e .S o m e c u s to m e r s p r e f e r th e e a s e o f m a n a g e m e n t o f V T P c l i e n t / s e r v d e s p ite s o m e c o n s id e r a tio n s n o te d la te r .T h e r e c o m m e n d a tio n is to h a v e tw o s e r v e r m o d e e a c h d o m a i n f o r r e d u n d a n c y , t y p i c a l l y t h e t w o d i s t r i b u t i o n -l a y e r s w i t c h e s . T h e r e s t o f t h e s th e d o m a in m u s t b e s e t to c l i e n t m o d e .W h e n y o u im p le m e n t c l i e n t / s e r v e r m o d e w ith V T P v 2, b e m i n d f u l t h a t a h i g h e r r e v i s i o n n u m b e r i s a l w a y s a c c e p t e d i n t h e s a m e V T P d o m s w itc h th a t is c o n fig u re d in e ith e r V T P c l i e n t o r s e r v e r m o d e is in tro d u c e d in to th e V T P h a s a h ig h e r r e v is io n n u m b e r th a n th e e x is tin g V T P s e r v e r s ,th is o v e r w r ite s th e V L A N d a ta th e V T P d o m a in .I f th e c o n f ig u r a tio n c h a n g e is u n in te n tio n a l a n d V L A N s a r e d e le te d ,th e o c a u s e a m a jo r o u ta g e in th e n e tw o r k .I n o r d e r to e n s u r e th a t c l i e n t o r s e r v e r s w itc h e s a lw c o n f ig u r a tio n r e v is io n n u m b e r th a t is lo w e r th a n th a t o f th e s e r v e r ,c h a n g e th e c lie n t V T P d
t r a n s p a r e n t

m o d e s w itc h e s in w itc h e s in th e u s e o f a in .I f a d o m a in a n d b a s e w ith in v e rw rite c a n a y s h a v e a o m a in n a m e

e r

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 11 o f 10 9 to s o m e th in g o th e r th a n th e s ta n d a r d n a m e .T h e n r e v e r t b a c k to th e s ta n d a r d .T h is a c tio n s e ts th e c o n fig u ra tio n re v is io n o n th e c lie n t to 0 . T h e r e a r e p r o s a n d c o n s to th e V T P a b ility to m a k e c h a n g e s e a s ily o n a n e tw o r k .M a n y e n te r p r is e s p re fe r th e c a u tio u s a p p ro a c h o f V T P t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e fo r th e s e re a s o n s : I t e n c o u r a g e s g o o d c h a n g e c o n tr o l p r a c tic e ,a s th e r e q u ir e m e n t in o r d e r to m o d if y a V L A N o n a s w itc h o r tru n k p o rt h a s to b e c o n s id e re d o n e s w itc h a t a tim e . I t lim its th e r is k o f a n a d m in is tr a to r e r r o r th a t im p a c ts th e e n tir e d o m a in ,s u c h a s th e d e le tio n o f a V L A N b y a c c i d e n t .. T h e re is n o ris k th a t a n e w s w itc h in tro d u c e d in to th e n e tw o rk w ith a h ig h e r V T P re v is io n n u m b e r c a n o v e rw rite th e e n tire d o m a in V L A N c o n fig u ra tio n . It e V L b e c p ru c o n n c o u ra g e s V L A N .T h is m a k a u s e it re d u c e n in g u n u s e d V fig u re d a s a c c A N s to e s fra m s th e s p L A N s e ss p o r b e p ru n e d fro m e flo o d in g m o re a n n in g tre e d ia m o n p o rt c h a n n e l ts w ith v o ic e V L tru n k s ru n n in g to s w itc h e s th a t d o b a n d w i d t h -e f f i c i e n t . M a n u a l p r u n e te r (s e e th e D T P s e c tio n o f th is d tr u n k s ,e n s u r e th a t a n y p o r ts c o n n e A N . n o t h a v e p o in g is a ls o b o c u m e n t) .B c te d to IP p rts e n e e fo h o n in th a t fic ia l re e s a re

T h e e x t e n d e d V L A N r a n g e i n C a t O S 6.x a n d C a t O S 7.x , n u m b e r s 10 25 t h r o u g h 40 94, c a n o n l y b e c o n f ig u r e d in th is w a y .F o r m o r e in f o r m a tio n ,s e e th e E x te n d e d V L A N a n d M A C A d d r e s s R e d u c tio n s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t. V T P t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e i s s u p p o r t e d i n C a m p u s M a n a g e r 3.1, p a r t o f C i s c o W o r k s 20 0 0 . T h e o ld re s tric tio n th a t re q u ire d a t le a s t o n e s e rv e r in a V T P d o m a in h a s b e e n re m o v e d . S a m p le V T P C om m a nds C om m e nts c h e c k s n a m is c a b lin g b w o rd is a h e te n tio n a l c h itiv e n a m e s e s in o rd e r to h e lp e tw e e n d o m a in s .A lp fu l p re c a u tio n a g a n g e s .B e w a r e o f c o r s p a c e s if p a s tin g c h e c k s im p le a in s t a se .

C D P s e t v tp dom a in f o r m name p a ss u n in p a s s w ord x se n s s e t v tp m ode tra ns p a re nt

s e t trunk mo d / p o r t v l an r ang e cl e a r trunk mo d / p o r t v l an r ang e

s e t v l a n v l an nu mb er na m e name

P e r s w itc h th a t h a s p o rts in th e V L A N . E n a b le s tru n k s to c a rry V L A N s w h e re n e e d e d -d e f a u lt is a ll V L A N s . L im its S T P d ia m e te r b y m a n u a l p ru n in g , s u c h a s o n tru n k s fro m d is trib u tio n la y e r to a c c e s s la y e r ,w h e r e th e V L A N d o e s n o t e x is t.

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 12 o f 10 9 N ote : S p e c i f y i n g V L A N s w i t h t h e s e t c o m m a n d o n l y a d d s V L A N s , a n d d o e s n o t c l e a r t h e m . F o r e x a m p l e , t h e s e t trunk x /y 1-10 c o m m a n d d o e s n o t s e t t h e a l l o w e d l i s t t o j u s t V L A N s 1-10 . I s s u e t h e cl e a r trunk x /y 11-1005 c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o a c h i e v e t h e d e s i r e d r e s u l t . A lth o u g h to k e n r in g s w itc h in g is o u ts id e th e s c o p e o f th is d o c u m e n t,n o te th a t V T P t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e i s n o t r e c o m m e n d e d f o r T R -I S L n e t w o r k s . T h e b a s i s f o r t o k e n r i n g s w i t c h i n g i s t h a t t h e w h o l e d o m a i n f o r m s a s i n g l e d i s t r i b u t e d m u l t i -p o r t b r i d g e , s o e v e r y s w i t c h m u s t h a v e t h e s a m e V L A N i n f o r m a t i o n . O th e r O p tions V T P v 2is a r e q u ir e m e n t in to k e n r in g e n v ir o n m e n ts ,w h e r e c l i e n t / s e r v e r m o d e is h ig h ly re c o m m e n d e d . V T V T V T V T T h T h flo n o F ro V L th e p ro P v 3p r o v id e s th e a b ility to im p le m e n t tig h te r a u th e n tic a tio n a n d c o n f ig u r a tio n r e v is io n c o n tr o l. P v 3e s s e n tia lly p r o v id e s th e s a m e le v e l o f f u n c tio n a lity ,b u t w ith m o r e e n h a n c e d s e c u r ity ,a s P v 1/ V T P v 2 t r a n s p a r e n t m o d e o f f e r s . I n a d d i t i o n , V T P v 3 i s p a r t i a l l y c o m p a t i b l e w i t h t h e l e g a c y P v e rs io n s . e b e n e fits e s e t v tp p o d in g o f f t lim it th e m C A N IE E p a g o f p ru n in runing e ra m e s w h S p a n n in g g na e r T V L b le e th re e A N s c o m e y a d ia m to re d u c e u n n e c e s s a ry fra m e flo o d in g a re a d v o c a te d in th is d o c u m e n t. m a n d p r u n e s V L A N s a u to m a tic a lly ,w h ic h s to p s th e in e f f ic ie n t r e n o t n e e d e d .U n lik e m a n u a l V L A N p r u n in g ,a u to m a tic p r u n in g d o e s e te r. a n m 650 0 s a re o rk w a p / 60 o r ith 80 2.1Q V L A N n u m b e r s g r e a t e r t h a n 10 0 0 t o I S L 0 0 s w i t c h e s s u p p o r t 40 96 V L A N s i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h g a n iz e d in to th e s e th r e e r a n g e s ,o n ly s o m e o f w h ic h a r e V T P :

a t O S 5.1, t h e C n u m b e r s .I n C a E 80 2.1Q s t a n d a te d to o th e r s w

a ta ly s t s w itc h e s c t O S 6.x , C a t a l y s t a r d .T h e s e V L A N itc h e s in th e n e tw

n o r m a l -r a n g e V L A N s : 110 0 1 e x t e n d e d -r a n g e V L A N s : 10 2540 94 ( c a n o n l y b e p r o p a g a t e d b y V T P v 3) r e s e r v e d -r a n g e V L A N s : 0 , 10 0 210 24, 40 95 T h a m R e o u e IE E E e m b e r g is tra tio ts id e th e h a s p ro d o f t h e 80 n P ro to c sc o p e o u c e d 2.1Q o l (G f th is a s t a n d a r d s -b a s e d a r c h i t e c t u r e i n o r d e r t o a c c o m p l i s h s i m i l a r r e s u l t s a s V T P . A s G e n e r ic A ttr ib u te R e g is tr a tio n P r o to c o l ( G A R P ) ,th e G e n e r ic V L A N V R P ) a llo w s V L A N m a n a g e m e n t in te r o p e r a b ility b e tw e e n v e n d o r s ,b u t is d o c u m e n t.

N ote : C a t O S 7.x i n t r o d u c e s t h e o p t i o n t o s e t V T P t o o f f m o d e , a m o d e v e r y s i m i l a r t o t r a n s p a r e n t . H o w e v e r ,th e s w itc h d o e s n o t f o r w a r d V T P f r a m e s .T h is c a n b e u s e f u l in s o m e d e s ig n s w h e n tr u n k in g to s w itc h e s o u ts id e o f y o u r a d m in is tra tiv e c o n tro l.

E x tend ed V L A N a nd M A C A d d ress Red uc tio n

T h e M A M A C a d a n d le a v ( 1) i n t r o to s u p p o C a d d re s e s a d u c e r t 40 d re ss re d u c s re d u c tio n s in g le M A C s M A C a d d 96 V L A N s tio n fe a tu re e n d is a b le s th e p o a d d r e s s .T h is re s s re d u c tio n in c o m p lia n c e a b le s o l o f M A C su p p o w ith e x te n d e d M A C a d a d d re ss rt fo r C a th e IE E E -r a n g e V L A N d re s s e s th a t a r id e n tifie s th e t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 80 2.1Q s t a n d id e n tific e u se d fo s w itc h .C 0 0 a n d C a rd . a tio n r th e a tO S a ta ly .T h e e n a b le m e n t o f V L A N s p a n n in g tre e s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e 6.1 s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 s w i t c h e s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 13 o f 10 9 O p e ra tion O v e rv ie w S w itc h p ro to c o ls u s e a M A C a d d re s s th a t is ta k e n fro m a b a n k o f a v a ila b le a d d re s s e s th a t a n E P R O M o n th e c h a s s is p r o v id e s a s p a r t o f th e b r id g e id e n tif ie r s f o r V L A N s th a t r u n u n d e r P V S T + .C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 a n d C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 s w i t c h e s s u p p o r t e i t h e r 10 24 o r 64 M A C a d d r e s s e s , w h i c h d e p e n d s o n th e c h a s s is ty p e . C a ta a d d r se c o su p p ly s t s w itc h e sse s a re a n d M A C a o r t 10 24 V e s w i t h 10 24 M A C a d d r e s s e s d o llo c a te d s e q u e n tia lly .T h e f ir s t M d d re s s in th e ra n g e is a s s ig n e d to L A N s w ith e a c h V L A N u s in g a C h a s s is T y p e W S -C 40 0 3-S 1, W S -C 40 0 6-S 2 W S -C 650 9-E ,W S -C 650 9, W S -C 650 9-N E B , W S -C 650 6-E , W S -C 650 6, W S -C 60 0 9, W S C 60 0 6, O S R -760 9-A C , O S R -760 9-D C W S -C 450 3, W S -C 450 6 n o t A C V L u n iq e n a b le M a d d re ss A N 2, a n u e b rid g C h a s s is A ddre s s A C a in th e d so o e id e n d d r e s s r e d u c tio n b y d e f a u lt.M A C r a n g e i s a s s i g n e d t o V L A N 1. T h e n .T h is e n a b le s th e s w itc h e s to tifie r.

10 24 641

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W S -C 6513, W S -C 650 9-N E B -A , W S -C 650 4-E , W S -C 650 3-E , W S -C 650 3, C I S C O 760 3, 641 C I S C O 760 6, C I S C O 760 9, C I S C O 7613

M A C a d d r e s s r e d u c t i o n i s e n a b l e d b y d e f a u l t f o r s w i t c h e s t h a t h a v e 64 M A C a d d r e s s e s , a n d t h e fe a tu re c a n n o t b e d is a b le d . F o r C a llo w to h a s w itc fro m a ta ly s t s e s su p p o rt v e u n iq u e h .M A C a o n e p e r V rie s s w itc h o f 40 96 V id e n tifie rs d d re ss re d L A N o r M e s L A w u c IS w i t h 10 24 M N s th a t ru n ith o u t a n in c tio n re d u c e s T P in s ta n c e A C u n d e re a se th e n to o n a d d r e s s e s ,a n e n a b le m e n t o f M r P V S T + o r 16 M u l t i p l e I n s t a n in th e n u m b e r o f M A C a d d re s u m b e r o f M A C a d d re s s e s th a t e p e r s w itc h . A c e se a r C a S T s th e re d d P a t q u re ss (M I a re ire d re d u c tio S T P ) in s re q u ire d b y th e S n ta n c e s o n th e T P

T h is f ig u r e s h o w s th a t th e b r id g e id e n tif ie r M A C a d d r e s s r e d u c tio n is n o t e n a b le d .T h e b r id g e id e n tif ie r c o n s i s t s o f a 2-b y t e b r i d g e p r i o r i t y a n d a 6-b y t e M A C a d d r e s s :

M A C a d d r e s s r e d u c t i o n m o d i f i e s t h e S T P b r i d g e i d e n t i f i e r p o r t i o n o f t h e B P D U . T h e o r i g i n a l 2-b y t e p r i o r i t y f i e l d i s s p l i t i n t o t w o f i e l d s . T h i s s p l i t r e s u l t s i n a 4-b i t b r i d g e p r i o r i t y f i e l d a n d a 12-b i t s y s t e m I D e x t e n s i o n t h a t a l l o w s f o r V L A N n u m b e r i n g o f 0 t h r o u g h 40 95.

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 14 o f 10 9 W h e ra n g n e c e a d d r w ith g ra n n y o u h a v e M A C e V L A N s ,e n a b le s s a ry in o rd e r to k e s s r e d u c tio n ,th e o u t M A C a d d re ss u la rity in th e s e le c a d d re M A C e e p th ro o t b re d u c tio n o s s re d u c tio n e n a b le d o n C a a d d re s s re d u c tio n o n a ll s w e S T P ro o t c a lc u la tio n s o n rid g e p rio rity b e c o m e s a m tio n c a n c la im ro o t in a d v e r f th e b rid g e ID . ta ly s t s w itc h e s in o rd e r to le v e ra g e e x te n d e d itc h e s w ith in th e s a m e S T P d o m a in .T h is s te p is a ll s w itc h e s c o n s is te n t.A f te r y o u e n a b le M A C u l t i p l e o f 40 96 p l u s t h e V L A N I D . T h e s w i t c h e s te n tly b e c a u s e th e s e s w itc h e s h a v e a fin e r

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O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e m o st c o m m th e lin k o p e ra te b o th p o rts o n a th e s a m e c o n fig re c o n fig u re th e c y c lic re d u n d a n o n c a u se o f p e rfo rm a n c e s a t h a l f -d u p l e x w h i l e t h e lin k a re re s e t a n d th e a u to u r a tio n .I t a ls o h a p p e n s w o th e r s id e .T h e ty p ic a l s y c y c h e c k ( C R C ) ,a lig n m e i s s u e s o n 10 / 10 0 M b p s E t h e r n e t o t h e r i s a t f u l l -d u p l e x . T h i s o c c a n e g o tia tio n p ro c e s s d o e s n o t c a u h e n a d m in is tra to rs re c o n fig u re o m p to m s o f th is a re in c re a s in g fra n t,o r r u n t c o u n te r s o n th e s w itc h lin k s o c c u r s io n a lly h a p s e b o th lin k n e s id e o f a m e c h e c k se . w h p e p a lin q u e n o n e p n s w h e n rtn e rs to k a n d fo e n c e (F C o rt o n o n e o r h a v e rg e t to S ),

A u to n e g o tia tio n is d is c u s s e d in d e ta il in th e s e d o c u m e n ts .T h e s e d o c u m e n ts in c lu d e e x p la n a tio n s o f h o w a u to n e g o tia tio n w o rk s a n d c o n fig u ra tio n o p tio n s . C o n f i g u r i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g E t h e r n e t 10 / 10 0 M b H a l f / F u l l D u p l e x A u t o -N e g o t i a t i o n T ro u b le s h o o tin g C is c o C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s to N e tw o rk In te rfa c e C a rd (N IC ) C o m p a tib ility Is s u e s A c o m m p a rtn e r a tte m p t a u to n e g o n m is f o r 10 0 to d o th o tia tin g c o M is ,n n c e p tio n a b o u b p s f u l l -d u p l e re s u lts in a d u o t s e e in g a n y t a u to n e g o tia tio n x a n d a u to n e g o tia p le x m is m a tc h .T a u to n e g o tia tio n p is th a t it is p o t e t o f u l l -d u p h is is a c o n s e a ra m e te rs fro s s ib le to m le x w ith th q u e n c e o f m th e o th e a n u a lly c o n e o th e r lin k o n e lin k p a r r lin k p a rtn e fig u re o n e lin k p a r tn e r .I n f a c t,a n tn e r r ,a n d d e f a u ltin g to 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 16 o f 10 9 h a l f -d u p l e x . M o s t C a t a l y s t E t h e r n e t m o d u l e s s u p p o r t 10 / 10 0 M b p s a n d h a l f / f u l l -d u p l e x , b u t t h e s h ow p ort ca p a b il itie s mo d / p o r t c o m m a n d c o n f i r m s t h i s . F E F I F a r e n d f a u l t i n d i c a t i o n ( F E F I ) p r o t e c t s 10 0 B A S E -F X ( f i b e r ) a n d G i g a b i t i n t e r f a c e s , w h i l e a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n p r o t e c t s 10 0 B A S E -T X ( c o p p e r ) a g a i n s t p h y s i c a l -l a y e r / s i g n a l i n g r e l a t e d f a u l t s . A f a r e nd f a ul t i s a n e r r o r i n t h e l i n k t h a t o n e s t a t i o n c a n d e t e c t w h i l e t h e o t h e r c a n d i s c o n n e c t e d T X -w i r e . I n t h i s e x a m p l e , t h e s e n d i n g s t a t i o n c o u l d s t i l l r e c e i v e v a l i d t h e l i n k i s g o o d t h r o u g h t h e l i n k -i n t e g r i t y -m o n i t o r . I t d o e s n o t d e t e c t t h a t i t s t r a n s m r e c e i v e d b y t h e o t h e r s t a t i o n . A 10 0 B A S E -F X s t a t i o n t h a t d e t e c t s s u c h a r e m o t e f a u t r a n s m i t t e d I D L E s t r e a m t o s e n d a s p e c i a l b i t -p a t t e r n ( r e f e r r e d t o a s t h e F E F I I D L E t h e n e i g h b o r o f t h e r e m o t e f a u l t ; t h e F E F I -I D L E p a t t e r n s u b s e q u e n t l y t r i g g e r s a s h u p o r t ( e r r d is a b le ) .R e f e r to th e U D L D s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t f o r m o r e in f o r m a tio n F E F I is s u p p o rte d b y th is h a rd w a re a n d th e s e m o d u le s : C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 : W S -X 520 1R , W S -X 530 5, W S -X 5236, W S -X 5237, W S -U 5538, a n d W S U 5539 C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 a n d 450 0 / 40 0 0 : A l l 10 0 B A S E -F X m o d u l e s a n d G E m o d u l e s R e com m e nda tion W h e t h e r t o c o n f i g u r e a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n o n 10 / 10 0 l i n k s o r t o h a r d c o d e s p e e d a n d e p e n d s o n th e ty p e o f lin k p a rtn e r o r e n d d e v ic e y o u h a v e c o n n e c te d to a C a ta A u to n e g o tia tio n b e tw e e n e n d d e v ic e s a n d C a ta ly s t s w itc h e s g e n e ra lly w o rk s w a r e c o m p l i a n t w i t h t h e I E E E 80 2.3u s p e c i f i c a t i o n . H o w e v e r , p r o b l e m s c a n r e s u s w itc h e s d o n o t c o n f o r m e x a c tly .H a r d w a r e in c o m p a tib ility a n d o th e r is s u e s c a v e n d o r -s p e c i f i c a d v a n c e d f e a t u r e s , s u c h a s a u t o -p o l a r i t y o r c a b l i n g i n t e g r i t y , t h I E E E 80 2.3u s p e c i f i c a t i o n f o r 10 / 10 0 M b p s a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n . R e f e r t o F i e l d N o w i t h I n t e l P r o / 10 0 0 T N I C s c o n n e c t i n g t o C A T 4K / 6K f o r a n e x a m p l e o f t h i s . d d u p le x u ltim a te ly ly s t s w itc h p o rt. e ll,a n d C a ta ly s t s w itc lt w h e n N IC o r v e n d o n a ls o e x is t a s a re s u lt a t a re n o t d e s c rib e d in tic e : P e rfo rm a n c e Is s u r n o t,s u c h a s a d a ta a n d d e te c t th a t is s io n is n o t b e in g lt c a n m o d ify its p a tte rn ) to in fo rm td o w n o f th e re m o te o n fa u lt p ro te c tio n .

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O th e r O p tions W h e n n o a u to n e g o tia tio n is u s e d b e tw e e n s w itc h e s ,L 1f a u lt in d ic a tio n c a n a ls o b e lo s t f o r c e r ta in p r o b le m s .I t is h e lp f u l to u s e L 2p r o to c o ls to a u g m e n t f a ilu r e d e te c tio n ,s u c h a s a g g r e s s iv e U D L D .

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G i g a b i t E t h e r n e t ( G E ) h a s a n a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n p r o c e d u r e ( I E E E 80 2.3z ) t h a t i s m o r e e x t e n s i v e t h a n t h a t f o r 10 / 10 0 M b p s E t h e r n e t a n d i s u s e d t o e x c h a n g e f l o w -c o n t r o l p a r a m e t e r s , r e m o t e f a u l t i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d d u p l e x i n f o r m a t i o n ( e v e n t h o u g h C a t a l y s t s e r i e s G E p o r t s o n l y s u p p o r t f u l l -d u p l e x m o d e ) . N ote : 80 2.3z h a s b e e n s u p e r s e d e d b y I E E E 80 2.3: 20 0 0 s p e c s . R e f e r t o I E E E S t a n d a r d s O n L i n e L A N /M A N S ta n d a rd s S u b s c rip tio n : A rc h iv e s fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w G E p o rt n e g o tia tio n is e n s e ttin g .U n lik e F E ,th e G e a c h e n d o f th e lin k .H o w lin k u p is a v a lid G ig a b it c o n fig u ra tio n o f th e fa r e h a v e a u to n e g o tia tio n e n a lin k s ta te s : N e g otia tion a b le d b y d e fa u E lin k d o e s n o e v e r ,th e o n ly s ig n a l fro m th n d .F o r e x a m p b le d o r d is a b le lt,a n t c o m c o n d e fa r le ,a s d .T h d th e p o rts o n b e u p if th e a u to itio n th a t is re q e n d .T h is b e h a v s u m e th a t th e re is ta b le is a lis t B D is a b l e d o th e n d s o f n e g o tia tio n u ire d fo r a n io r is in d e p a re tw o d e v o f p o s s ib le a G E lin k m u s t h a v e th e s a m e s e ttin g d iffe rs o n th e p o rts a t a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n -d i s a b l e d p o r t t o e n d e n t o f th e a u to n e g o tia tio n ic e s ,A a n d B .E a c h d e v ic e c a n c o n fig u ra tio n s a n d re s p e c tiv e

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 18 o f 10 9 A E na b l e d

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I n G E ,s y n c h r o n iz a tio n a n d a u to n e g o tia tio n ( if th e y a r e e n a b le d ) a r e p e r f o r m e d u p o n lin k s ta r tu p th ro u g h th e u s e o f a s p e c ia l s e q u e n c e o f re s e rv e d lin k c o d e w o rd s . N ote : T h e r e i s a d i c t i o n a r y o f v a l i d w o r d s a n d n o t a l l p o s s i b l e w o r d s a r e v a l i d i n G E . T h e life o f a G E c o n n e c tio n c a n b e c h a ra c te riz e d in th is w a y :

A lo s s o f w h e th e r a s u c h a s th c o n d itio n a n o th e r th su c h a s a

s y n c h ro n iz a tio n m u to n e g o tia tio n is e re c e ip t o f th re e is a s s e rte d a n d th re e c o n s e c u tiv e v lo s s o f re c e iv e (R

e a n s th a t th e M A C d e te c ts a lin k d o e n a b le d o r d is a b le d .S y n c h ro n iz a tio n in v a lid w o r d s in s u c c e s s io n .I f th is c e lin k is c h a n g e d to th e l i n k _ d o w n s a lid id le s a re n e c e s s a ry in o rd e r to re x ) s i g n a l , c a u s e s a l i n k -d o w n e v e n t .

w n .L o s s o f s y n c h r o n iz a tio n a p p is lo s t u n d e r c e rta in fa ile d c o n d o n d i t i o n p e r s i s t s f o r 10 m s , a " s y ta te .A f te r s y n c h r o n iz a tio n is lo s s y n c h r o n iz e .O th e r c a ta s tr o p h ic

lie s itio n s , n c fa il" t, e v e n ts ,

A u to n e g o tia tio n is a p a r t o f th e lin k u p p r o c e s s .W h e n th e lin k is u p ,a u to n e g o tia tio n is o v e r .H o w e v e r , th e s w itc h s till m o n ito r s th e s ta tu s o f th e lin k .I f a u to n e g o tia tio n is d is a b le d o n a p o r t,th e " a u to n e g " p h a s e is n o lo n g e r a n o p tio n . T h e G E c o p p e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n ( 10 0 0 B A S E -T ) d o e s s u p p o r t a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n t h r o u g h a N e x t P a g e E x c h a n g e . N e x t P a g e E x c h a n g e a l l o w s a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n f o r 10 / 10 0 / 10 0 0 -M b p s s p e e d s o n c o p p e r p o r t s . N ote : T h e G E f i b e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n o n l y m a k e s p r o v i s i o n s f o r t h e n e g o t i a t i o n o f d u p l e x , f l o w c o n t r o l , a n d r e m o t e f a u l t d e t e c t i o n . G E f i b e r p o r t s d o n o t n e g o t i a t e p o r t s p e e d . R e f e r t o s e c t i o n s 28 a n d 37 o f t h e I E E E 80 2.3-20 0 2 s p e c ific a tio n fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n o n a u to n e g o tia tio n . S y n c h r o n iz a tio n r e s ta r t d e la y is a s o f tw a r e f e a tu r e th a t c o n tr o ls th e to ta l a u to n e g o tia tio n tim e .I f a u to n e g o tia tio n is n o t s u c c e s s f u l w ith in th is tim e ,th e f ir m w a r e r e s ta r ts a u to n e g o tia tio n in c a s e th e r e is a d e a d l o c k . T h e s e t p ort s y nc-re s ta rt-de l a y c o m m a n d o n l y h a s a n e f f e c t w h e n a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n i s s e t t o e n a b l e . R e com m e nda tion E n a b lin g f a c t,a u to s u p p o rtin re c o m m e G E d e v ic a u to n e g o tia tio n is m u c h m n e g o tia tio n m u s t o n ly b e d g n e g o tia tio n o r w h e re c o n n d s th a t G ig a b it n e g o tia tio e s .I s s u e th is c o m m a n d in o re c ritic a l in a G E e n v is a b le d o n s w itc h p o rts n e c tiv ity is s u e s a ris e fr n b e e n a b le d (d e fa u lt) o o rd e r to e n a b le a u to n e g iro n m e n t th a n th a t a tta c h to d o m in te ro p e ra b n a l l s w i t c h -t o o tia tio n : i n a 10 / 10 0 e n v e v ic e s n o t c a p a ility is s u e s .C is -s w i t c h l i n k s a n ir o n m e n t.I n b le o f c o d g e n e ra lly a ll

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r ecei v e port range of f sen d port range of f port range d i sab l e

set p or t f l owcon tr ol set p or t f l owcon tr ol set p or t n eg oti ati on

S w i t c h -t o -s e r v e r c o n n e c t i o n s m u s t b e l o o k e d a t o n a c a s e -b y -c a s e b a s i s . C i s c o c u s t o m e r s h a v e e n c o u n te r e d is s u e s w ith G ig a b it n e g o tia tio n o n S u n ,H P ,a n d I B M s e r v e r s . O th e r O p tions F lo w c o n tro o r c a n n o t b e 00-00 0F ) . A in p u t b u ffe r h o ld s a n y a d s u b s c rip tio n o u tp u t b u ffe l i s a n o p t i o n a l p a r t o f t h e 80 2.3x s p e c i f i c a t i o n a n d m u s t b e n e c a p a b le o f s e n d in g a n d /o r re s p o n d in g to a P A U S E fra m e (w e ll l s o , t h e y c a n n o t a g r e e t o t h e f l o w -c o n t r o l r e q u e s t o f t h e f a r -e th a t is f illin g u p s e n d s a P A U S E f r a m e to its lin k p a r tn e r ,w h ic h d itio n a l fra m e s in th e lin k p a rtn e r o u tp u t b u f fe r s .T h is d o e s n o p r o b le m ,b u t e f f e c tiv e ly m a k e s th e in p u t b u f f e r la r g e r b y s o m r d u rin g b u rs ts . g o tia te d if u s e d .D e v ic e s c a n k now n M A C 01-8 0-C 2 -00n d n e ig h b o r .A p o r t w ith a n s to p s th e tr a n s m is s io n ,a n d t s o l v e a n y s t e a d y -s t a t e o v e r e fra c tio n o f th e p a rtn e r

T h i s f e a t u r e i s b e s t u s e d o n l i n k s b e t w e e n a c c e s s -p o r t s a n d e n d h o s t s , w h e r e t h e h o s t o u t p u t b u f f e r i s p o t e n t i a l l y a s l a r g e a s t h e i r v i r t u a l m e m o r y . S w i t c h -t o -s w i t c h u s e h a s l i m i t e d b e n e f i t s . Is s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o rd e r to c o n tro l th is o n th e s w itc h p o rts :

set p or t f l owcon tr ol >show p or t f l owcon tr ol P o r t ----6 / 1 6 / 2 6 / 3 S e n d F l o w a d m i n -------o f f o f f o f f C o n t r o l o p e r -------o f f o f f o f f R e c e i v e F a d m i n -------o n o n o n l o w C o n t r o l o p e r -------o n o n o n 0 R x P a u s e T x P a u s e m od / port rec ei v e | s end of f | on | d es i red

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N ote : A l l C a t a l y s t m o d u l e s r e s p o n d t o a P A U S E f r a m e i f n e g o t i a t e d . S o m e m o d u l e s ( f o r e x a m p l e , W S X 5410 , W S -X 430 6) n e v e r s e n d P A U S E f r a m e s e v e n i f t h e y n e g o t i a t e t o d o s o , a s t h e y a r e n o n -b l o c k i n g .

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E nca p s ul a tion T y p e T r u n k s e x t e n d V L A N s b e t w e e n d e v i c e s b y t e m p o r a r i l y i d e n t i f y i n g a n d t a g g i n g ( l i n k -l o c a l ) t h e o r i g i n a l

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 20 o f 10 9 E th e r n e t f r a m e s ,th u s th e y e n a b le th e m to b e m u ltip le x e d o v e r a s in g le lin k .T h is a ls o e n s u r e s th e s e p a r a te V L A N b r o a d c a s t a n d s e c u r ity d o m a in s a r e m a in ta in e d b e tw e e n s w itc h e s .C A M ta b le s m a in ta in t h e f r a m e -t o -V L A N m a p p i n g i n s i d e t h e s w i t c h e s . T r u n k in g is s u p p o r te d o n s e v e r a l ty p e s o f L 2m e d ia ,in c lu d in g A T M E th e r n e t,a lth o u g h o n ly th e la tte r is b e p r e s e n te d h e r e . IS L O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w C i s c o p r o p r i e t a r y i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o r t a g g i n g s c h e m e , I S L , h a s b e e n i n u s e f o r m a n y y e a r s . T h e 80 2.1Q IE E E s ta n d a rd is a ls o a v a ila b le . B y to ta p ro to c o b y te F C c o n fig u lly e n c l a n d h S to th re d to a p s u la tin g th e a s th e a d d itio n e s ta n d a rd E th b e tr u n k s .I S L o rig in a l fra m e in a tw a l b e n e fit o f c a rry in g e r n e t f r a m e -th e la r g s u p p o r t s 10 24 V L A N o -l e v e l t a g g i n g s c h e m e , I S L i s e f f e c t i v e l y a t u n n e l i n g n o n -E t h e r n e t f r a m e s . I t a d d s a 26-b y t e h e a d e r a n d 4e r E th e rn e t fra m e s a re e x p e c te d a n d h a n d le d b y p o rts s. L A N E , F D D I 80 2.10 , a n d

IS L F ra m e F orm a t 4 0 B its B its 4 4 B its U S E R 4 8 B its S A 16 B its L E N 2 4 B its S N A P L L C 2 4 B its H S A 15 B its V L A N B it B P D U 16 B its IN D E X 16 B its R e se rv e V a ria b l e l e ng th 3 2 B its F C S

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T h e I E E E 80 2.1Q s t a n d a r d s p e c i f i e s m u c h m o r e t h a n e n c a p s u l a t i o n t y p e s , i n c l u d i n g S p a n n i n g T r e e e n h a n c e m e n t s , G A R P ( s e e t h e V T P s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t ) , a n d 80 2.1p Q u a l i t y o f S e r v i c e ( Q o S ) ta g g in g . T h e 80 2.1Q f r a m e f o r m a t p r e s e r v e s t h s w i t c h e s m u s t n o w e x p e c t b a b y -g i a n t t a g g i n g i n o r d e r t o e x p r e s s 80 2.1p u s e E t h e r n e t v 2 f r a m e s a r e 1522 b y t e s , a n n u m b e r i n g s p a c e f o r 40 96 V L A N s . e o rig fra m e r p rio IE E E in a s to rity 80 l E th e b e re fo r Q 2.3a c rn e t so u rc e c e iv e d ,e v e o S s ig n a lin w o rk in g g r a d d n o n g .T o u p re ss a n a c c e s h e ta g a c h ie v d s p is e m d e s tin a tio n a d d r e s s ,y e t o rts w h e re h o s ts c a n u s e 4 b y t e s , s o 80 2.1Q e n t . 80 2.1Q a l s o s u p p o r t s

A l l d a t a f r a m e s t r a n s m i t t e d a n d r e c e i v e d a r e 80 2.1Q -t a g g e d e x c e p t f o r t h o s e o n t h e n a t i v e V L A N ( t h e r e is a n im p lic it ta g b a s e d o n th e in g r e s s s w itc h p o r t c o n f ig u r a tio n ) .F r a m e s o n th e n a tiv e V L A N a r e a lw a y s tr a n s m itte d u n ta g g e d a n d n o r m a lly r e c e iv e d u n ta g g e d .H o w e v e r ,th e y c a n a ls o b e r e c e iv e d ta g g e d .

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set tr u n k m od / port m od e d ot1 q

I f V L A N 1 i s c l e a r e d f r o m a t r u n k , a s d i s c u s s e d i n t h e I n -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t , a lth o u g h n o u s e r d a ta is tr a n s m itte d o r r e c e iv e d ,th e N M P c o n tin u e s to p a s s c o n tr o l p r o to c o ls s u c h a s C D P a n d V T P o n V L A N 1. A ls o se n t V L A n a tiv fra m N ote V L A th e re V L A c u s to V L A ,a o n N e e s s d is c u s s e d in V L A N 1w h e 1if th e n a tiv e V L A N is c h a n a n d p ro v id e C th e n tr V L g e d D P V L A N u n k in g A N o f o n th e n e ig h b 1s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t,C D P ,V T P . W h e n u s i n g d o t 1q e n c a p s u l a t i o n , t h e s t h e s w i t c h i s c h a n g e d . I f d o t 1q t r u n k i n s w i t c h , a s u b -i n t e r f a c e i n V L A N 1 i s n o r v is ib ility o n th e ro u te r. w i t h d o t 1q o n e V L A N fo r fu r is n o t u s e d a tru n k a n c a u to th e r fo r d a s ,a n d P A e c o n tro g to a ro e e d e d to g P l fr u te re p a c k a m e s r is e n c e iv e e ts a r a re ta a b le d th e ta e a lw g g e d a n d g g e d th r u o th a y w th C e s ith D P

: T h e re is a p o te n tia l s e N ,a s it c a n b e p o s s ib le V u ln e ra b ilitie s in V L A N ID fo r th e n a tiv e V L m e r s le a v e V L A N 1a s N 1in o r d e r to a c h ie v e

c u rity c o n s id e ra tio n to s e n d fra m e s fro m N Im p le m e n ta tio n s ? A N o f th e tru n k th a t th e n a tiv e V L A N o n th is s im p ly .

s e d b y th a n o th e r w d e ta ils .T e n d u se r s ig n a c c e

e im p lic it ta g g ith o u t a ro u te h e w o rk a ro u n a c c e s s .T h e m s s p o rts to V L

in g o f r .R e f e d is to a jo rity A N s o

e n a tiv e to A re se a f C is c o e r th a n

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 22 o f 10 9 T runk ing M ode D T P p a ra V L A h e lp e n su is th m e te N ,a s p ro rin g e se rs in n d h te c t th a t c o v o a r a g p o n d g e n e lv e d in d w a re c a in s t n o rts a n d ra tio se n d a p a b n -t r u th e ir n o f D y n a m ic I S L ( D I S L ) ,a n d e x is ts i n g I S L o r 80 2.1Q f r a m e s , s u c h a s t h e ility ,a re a g re e d u p o n b y th e s w itc h e s n k p o r ts f lo o d in g ta g g e d f r a m e s ,a p o n e ig h b o rs a re in c o n s is te n t s ta te s . in o rd e r c o n fig u a t e ith e r te n tia lly to e n s u re th a t th e d iffe re n t r e d e n c a p s u la tio n ty p e ,n a tiv e e n d o f a tr u n k .T h is a ls o s e r io u s s e c u r ity r is k ,b y

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w D T P is a L 2p r o to c o l th a t n e g o tia te s c o n f ig u r a tio n p a r a m e te r s b e tw e e n a s w itc h p o r t a n d its n e ig h b o r .I t u s e s a n o t h e r m u l t i c a s t M A C a d d r e s s ( 01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc) a n d a S N A P p r o t o c o l t y p e o f 0 x 20 0 4. T h i s ta b le is a s u m m a ry o f th e c o n fig u ra tio n m o d e s : M ode F unction M a k e s th e p o rt w illin to c o n v e rt th e lin k to tr u n k .T h e p o rt b e c o m e s a tru n k p o rt th e n e ig h b o rin p o rt is s e t o n o r m o d e . P u p o p e tru g a Y e s, p e rio d ic . T ru n k in g D T P F ra m e s T ra ns m itte d F ina l S ta te ( L oca l P ort)

A u t o ( d e f a u l t )

if g to

d e s i r a b l e

O n

ts th e rt in to rm a n e n t n k in g m o d e a n d n e g o tia te s to c o n v e rt th e lin k in to Y e s, a tr u n k .T h e p e rio d ic . p o rt b e c o m e s a tru n k p o rt e v e n if th e n e ig h b o rin g p o rt d o e s n o t a g re e to th e c h a n g e .

T ru n k in g , unconditiona l l y .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 23 o f 10 9 ts th e rt in to rm a n e n t n k in g m o d e b u t p re v e n ts th e p o rt fro m g e n e ra tin g D T P fra m e s. Y o u m u st c o n fig u re th e N o n e ig h b o rin g p o rt m a n u a lly a s a tru n k p o rt to e s ta b lis h a tru n k lin k . T h is is u se fu l fo r d e v ic e s th a t d o n o t su p p o rt D T P . P u p o p e tru

N o n e g o t i a t e

T ru n k in g , unconditiona l l y .

D e s i r a b l e

M a k e s th e p o rt a c tiv e ly a tte m p t to c o n v e rt th e lin k to a tru n k lin k . T h e p o rt b e c o m e s a tru n k p o rt if th e n e ig h b o rin g p o rt is s e t to o n ,

d e s i r a b l e o r a u t o

Y e s, p e rio d ic .

It e n d s tru n k in o n ly if re m o te o n ,a u t

u p in g s ta te th e m o d e is o ,o r d e s i r a b l e .

m o d e .

P u p o p e n o tru

ts th e rt in to rm a n e n t n n k in g m o d e a n d n e g o tia te s

N o in s te a d y s ta te ,b u t 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 24 o f 10 9 to c o n v e rt th e lin k in to a n o n -t r u n k lin k .T h e p o rt b e c o m e s a n o n -t r u n k p o rt e v e n if th e n e ig h b o rin g p o rt d o e s n o t a g re e to th e c h a n g e . tra n s m its in fo rm s to sp e e d u p re m o te e n d d e te c tio n a fte r th e c h a n g e fro m o n .

O f f

N o n -t r u n k i n g

T h e s e a re s o m e h ig h lig h ts o f th e p ro to c o l: D T P a s s u m e s a p o i n t -t o -p o i n t c o n n e c t i o n , a n d C i s c o d e v i c e s o n l y s u p p o r t 80 2.1Q t r u n k p o r t s t h a t a r e p o i n t -t o -p o i n t . D u r in g D T P n e g o tia tio n ,th e p o r ts d o n o t p a r tic ip a te in S T P .O n ly a f te r th e p o r t b e c o m e s o n e o f t h e t h r e e D T P t y p e s ( a c c e s s , I S L , o r 80 2.1Q ) d o e s t h e p o r t b e a d d e d t o S T P . O t h e r w i s e P A g P , i f c o n f ig u r e d ,is th e n e x t p r o c e s s to r u n b e f o r e th e p o r t p a r tic ip a te s in S T P . I f t h e p o r t i s t r u n k i n g i n I S L m o d e , D T P p a c k e t s a r e s e n t o u t o n V L A N 1, o t h e r w i s e ( f o r 80 2.1Q t r u n k i n g o r n o n -t r u n k i n g p o r t s ) t h e y a r e s e n t o u t o n t h e n a t i v e V L A N . I n d e s i r a b l e m o d e , D T P p a c k e t s t r a n s f e r t h e V T P dom a in na m e ( w h i c h m u s t m a t c h f o r a n e g o t i a t e d t r u n k t o c o m e u p ) , p l u s t r u n k c o n f i g u r a t i o n a n d a dm in s ta tus . M e s s a g e s a r e s e n t e v e r y s e c o n d d u r i n g n e g o t i a t i o n , a n d e v e r y 30 s e c o n d s a f t e r t h a t . B e s u r e to u n d e r s ta n d th a t m o d e s o n ,n o n e g o t i a t e ,a n d o f f e x p lic itly s p e c if y in w h ic h s ta te th e p o r t e n d s u p .A b a d c o n f ig u r a tio n c a n le a d to a d a n g e r o u s /in c o n s is te n t s ta te w h e r e o n e s id e is tru n k in g a n d th e o th e r is n o t. A p o r t in o n ,a u t o ,o r d e s i r a b l e m o d e s e n d s D T P f r a m e s p e r io d ic a lly .I f a p o r t in a u t o o r d e s i r a b l e m o d e d o e s n o t s e e a D T P p a c k e t i n f i v e m i n u t e s , i t i s s e t t o n o n -t r u n k . R e f e r t o C o n f i g u r i n g I S L T r u n k i n g o n C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 F a m i l y S w i t c h e s f o r m o r e I S L d e t a i l s . R e f e r t o T r u n k i n g B e t w e e n C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s U s i n g 80 2.1Q E n c a p s u l a t i o n w i t h C i s c o C a t O S S y s t e m S o f t w a r e f o r m o r e 80 2.1Q d e t a i l s . R e com m e nda tion C is c o re c o m m e n d s a n e x p lic it tru n k o p e ra to rs c a n tru s t s y s lo g a n d c o m m m o d e ,w h ic h c a n m a k e a p o r t a p p e a d e s i r a b l e m o d e tru n k p ro v id e s s ta o r d r o p s tr u n k s ta te .I s s u e th is c o m m c o n fig u ra tio n o f a n d lin e s ta tu s m r u p e v e n th o u g h b ility in s itu a tio n a n d in o rd e r to s e ssa g e s th e n e ig s w h e re e t d e s i r
d e s i r a b l e

a t b o th a t a p o h b o r is m o n e s id e a b l e m o

th e n d s .I n rt is u p a n d is c o n fig u r o f th e lin k d e :

th is m tru n k e d .I n c a n n o

o d e ,n e tw o r k in g ,u n lik e o n a d d itio n , t b e c o m e a tru n k

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 25 o f 10 9

set tr u n k

m od / port d esi r ab l e I S L |

d ot1 q

N ote b rin g th e S p o rts

: S e t t r u n k t o o f f o n a l l n o n -t r u n k p o r t s . T h i s h e l p s e l i m i n a t e w a s t e d n e g o t i a t i o n t i m e w h e n i n g h o s t p o r t s u p . T h i s c o m m a n d i s a l s o e x e c u t e d w h e n t h e s e t p ort h os t c o m m a n d i s u s e d ; r e f e r t o T P s e c tio n f o r m o r e in f o r m a tio n .I s s u e th is c o m m a n d in o r d e r to d is a b le a tr u n k o n a r a n g e o f :

set tr u n k !--- P o r t s port range of f a r e n o t t r u n k i n g ; p a r t o f t h e s e t p o r t h o s t c o m m a n d .

O th e r O p tions A n o th e r c o m m o n c u s to m e r c o n fig u ra tio n u s e s d e s i r a b l e m o d e o n ly a t th e d is trib u tio n la y e r a n d th e s im p le s t d e fa u lt c o n fig u ra tio n (a u t o m o d e ) a t th e a c c e s s la y e r. e s w itc h e s ,s u c h a s o rt tru n k n e g o tia tio / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 h c a n h e lp s ta n d a rd n o n e g o t i a t e m o d e in o S o m su p p 550 0 w h ic a C n th 0 0 iz e rd e a t a l y s t 290 ro u g h D T P s w itc h e s in o n a c o m m r to re d u c e 0 X L ,C is c o I O S r o u te r s ,o r o th e r v .Y o u c a n u s e n o n e g o t i a t e m o d e o rd e r to s e t a p o rt to tru n k u n c o n d o n s e ttin g a c r o s s th e c a m p u s .A ls o th e " o v e ra ll" lin k in itia liz a tio n tim e n d o n itio ,y o e . o r d e v ic e s ,d o C a t a l y s t 450 0 n a lly w ith th e u c a n im p le m n o t c u rre n tly / 40 0 0 , s e d e v ic e s , e n t

N ote : F a c t o r s s u c h a s t h e c h a n n e l m o d e a n d S T P c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n a l s o a f f e c t t h e i n i t i a l i z a t i o n t i m e . Is s u e th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r to s e t n o n e g o t i a t e m o d e :
set tr u n k m od / port n on eg oti ate I S L | d ot1 q

C is c o re b rid g in g re c e p tio u n n e c e s

c o m m e n d s is p e rfo rm n o f th e D T s a r ily .I f n o

w h e n th e re e d ,s o m e D T P f r a m e s r e c e P f r a m e ,th e s w itc h p o r t tr n e g o t i a t e is e n a b le d ,th e

n o n e g o t i a t e

ia iv ie s

a c o n e d fro s to re w itc h

n e m n e d o

c tio n on m g o tia e s n o

to a o d e te (o t se n

C is c o c a n g e rb rin g d D T P

IO S t b a th e fra

ro c k tru m e

u te r b e c a u s e w h e n in to th e tr u n k p o r t.U p o n n k d o w n a n d u p ) s.

S p a nning T ree P ro to c o l
B a s ic C ons ide ra tions S p a n n i n g T r e e P r o t o c o l ( S T P ) m a i n t a i n s a l o o p -f r e e L 2 e n v i r o n m e n t i n r e d u n d a n t s w i t c h e d a n d b r i d g e d n e tw o r k s .W ith o u t S T P ,f r a m e s lo o p a n d /o r m u ltip ly in d e f in ite ly ,w h ic h c a u s e s a n e tw o r k m e ltd o w n a s a ll d e v ic e s in th e b ro a d c a s t d o m a in a re in te rru p te d c o n tin u o u s ly b y h ig h tra ffic . A l t h o u g h i n s o m e r e s p e c t s S T P i s a m a t u r e p r o t o c o l i n i t i a l l y d e v e l o p e d f o r s l o w s o f t w a r e -b a s e d b r i d g e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ( I E E E 80 2.1d ) , i t c a n b e c o m p l e x t o i m p l e m e n t w e l l i n l a r g e s w i t c h e d n e t w o r k s w i t h m a n y V L A N s , m a n y s w i t c h e s i n a d o m a i n , m u l t i -v e n d o r s u p p o r t , a n d n e w e r I E E E e n h a n c e m e n t s . F o r f u t u r e r e f e r e n c e , C a t O S 6.x c o n t i n u e s t o t a k e o n n e w S T P d e v e l o p m e n t , s u c h a s M I S T P , l o o p h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 26 o f 10 9 g u a r d , r o o t -g u a r d s , a n d B P D U a r r i v a l t i m e s k e w d e t e c t i o n . I n a d d i t i o n , f u r t h e r s t a n d a r d i z e d p r o t o c o l s a r e a v a i l a b l e i n C a t O S 7.x , s u c h a s I E E E 80 2.1s s h a r e d S p a n n i n g T r e e a n d I E E E 80 2.1w r a p i d c o n v e rg e n c e S p a n n in g T re e . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e ro o t b rid g e e le c tio n p e r V L A N is w o n b y th e s w itc h w ith th e lo w e s t ro o t B rid g e Id e n tifie r (B ID ). T h e B ID is th e b rid g e p rio rity c o m b in e d w ith th e s w itc h M A C a d d re s s . I n itia lly ,B th a t s w itc h A d d itio n a l c o n fig u re d P D .T c o so U s h is n fig th a a re e n a u ra t th se n t b le s tio n e w h fro th e p a r o le a ll s w itc h e s ,c o ro o t b rid g e a n d th a m e te rs c a rrie d in n e tw o rk u s e s c o n m n ta in in e lo w e B P D U s is te n t g th e B ID o f e a c h s w itc h a n d th e p a th c o s t to re a c h s t -c o s t p a t h t o t h e r o o t t o b e d e t e r m i n e d . s fro m th e ro o t o v e rrid e th o s e th a t a re lo c a lly tim e rs .

T h e to p o lo g y th e n c o n v e rg e s th ro u g h th e s e s te p s : 1. A s i n g l e r o o t b r i d g e i s e l e c t e d f o r t h e e n t i r e S p a n n i n g T r e e d o m a i n . 2. O n e r o o t p o r t ( f a c i n g t h e r o o t b r i d g e ) i s e l e c t e d o n e v e r y n o n -r o o t b r i d g e . 3. A d e s i g n a t e d p o r t i s e l e c t e d f o r B P D U f o r w a r d i n g o n e v e r y s e g m e n t . 4. N o n -d e s i g n a t e d p o r t s b e c o m e b l o c k i n g . R e fe r to C o n fig u rin g S p a n n in g T re e fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . B a s ic T im e r D e f a ul ts ( s e conds ) N a m e

H e l l o F o r w a r d D e l a y ( F w d d e l a y )

F unction C o n tro ls s e n d in g o f B P D U s . C o n tro ls h o w lo n g in lis te n in g a n d le a a n d in flu e n c e s th e c h a n g e p ro c e ss (se s e c tio n ).

15

a p o rt sp e n d s rn in g s ta te to p o lo g y e n e x t

20

M a x a g e

C o n tro ls h o w lo n g th e s w itc h m a in ta in s th e c u rre n t to p o lo g y b e fo re it lo o k s fo r a n a lte rn a tiv e p a th .A f te r th e M a x a g e s e c o n d s , a B P D U is c o n s id e re d s ta le a n d th e s w itc h lo o k s fo r a n e w ro o t p o rt fro m th e p o o l o f b lo c k in g p o r ts .I f n o b lo c k e d p o r t is a v a ila b le ,it c la im s to b e th e r o o t its e lf o n th e d e s ig n a te d p o rts .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 27 o f 10 9 D e f a ul t tim ing to ne x t s ta te N /A M o n ito r re c e p tio n o f B P D U s . W a i t 20 se c o n d s fo r M a x a g e e x p ira tio n o r im m e d ia te c h a n g e if d ire c t/lo c a l lin k fa ilu re d e te c te d . F w d d e la y tim e r (w a it 15 s e c o n d s ) F w d d e la y tim e r (w a it 15 s e c o n d s )

P ort S ta te s
D i s a b l e d

M e a ning A d m in is tra tiv e ly d o w n .

B l o c k i n g

R e c e iv in g B P D U s a n d s to p p in g u s e r d a ta .

L i s t e n i n g

S e n d in g B P D U s w h e th e r b lo c k in g

L e a r n i n g F o r w a r d i n g

S e n d in g /re c e iv in g d a ta .

B u ild in g to p o lo g y /C A M

o r re c e iv in g to c h e c k re tu rn to n e e d e d . ta b le .

T ota l b a s ic top ol og y ch a ng e :

2 0 + 2 ( 15 ) = 5 0 s e conds if w a iting f or M a x a g e to e x p ire , or 3 0 s e conds f or dire ct l ink f a il ure

T h e tw o ty p e s o f B P D U s in S T P a re c o n fig u ra tio n B P D U s a n d T o p o lo g y C h a n g e N o tific a tio n (T C N ) B P D U s. C onf ig ura tion B P D U F l ow C o n fig su b se q th e B P d e s ig n u ra tio n u e n tly D U flo a te d p o B flo w rts P D U w to is u n o n ly s a re a ll le id ire c se n d so u rc a f sw tio n a c o n f e d e v e ry itc h e s in l: ro o t p o ig u ra tio n h e llo o rd e r rts a n B P D -i n to d b U s te rv a l fro m e v e ry p o rt o n th e ro o t b rid g e a n d m a in ta in th e s ta te o f th e S p a n n in g T r e e .I n s te a d y s ta te , lo c k in g p o r ts o n ly r e c e iv e c o n f ig u r a tio n B P D U s ,w h ile .

F o r e v e r y B P D U r e c e iv e d b y a s w itc h f r o m th e r o o t,a n e w o n e is p r o c e s s e d b y th e C a ta ly s t c e n tr a l N M P a n d s e n t o u t c o n ta in in g th e r o o t in f o r m a tio n .I n o th e r w o r d s ,if th e r o o t b r id g e is lo s t o r a ll p a th s to t h e r o o t b r i d g e a r e l o s t , B P D U s s t o p b e i n g r e c e i v e d ( u n t i l t h e m a x a g e t i m e r s t a r t s r e -e l e c t i o n ) . T C N B P D U F l ow T C N B P D U s a re s o u rc e d fro m le a f s w itc h e s a n d flo w to w a rd s th e ro o t b rid g e w h e n a to p o lo g y c h a n g e is d e te c te d in th e s p a n n in g tr e e .R o o t p o r ts o n ly s e n d T C N s ,a n d d e s ig n a te d p o r ts o n ly r e c e iv e T C N s . T h e T C N B P D U tra v e ls to w a rd th e r o o t rid g e a n d is a c k n o w le d g e d a t e a c h s te p ,s o th is is a re lia b le m e c h a n is m .O n c e it a r r iv e s a t th e r o o t b r id g e ,th e r o o t b r id g e a le r ts th e e n tir e d o m a in th a t a c h a n g e h a s h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 28 o f 10 9 o c c u rre d se c o n d s b (b y d e fa u S p a n n in g b y s o u rc in g C o n y d e f a u lt) .T h is lt) to th e in te rv a T re e P ro to c o l T fig u ra tio n c a u s e s a ll l s p e c ifie d o p o lo g y C B P D U s w ith th e T C N s w itc h e s to c h a n g e th b y f wd d el ay ( 15 s e c h a n g e s fo r m o re d e ta f l a g s e t f o r max ag e + f wd d el ay t i m e ( 35 e ir n o rm a l C A M a g in g tim e fro m fiv e m in u te s o n d s b y d e f a u lt) .R e f e r to U n d e r s ta n d in g ils .

S p a nning T re e M ode s T h e re a re th re e d iffe re n t w a y s to c o rre la te V L A N s w ith S p a n n in g T re e : A s i n g l e S p a n n i n g T r e e f o r a l l V L A N s , o r m o n o S p a n n i n g T r e e P r o t o c o l , s u c h a s I E E E 80 2.1Q A S p a n n in g T r e e p e r V L A N ,o r s h a r e d S p a n n in g T r e e ,s u c h a s C is c o P V S T A S p a n n in g T r e e p e r s e t o f V L A N s ,o r m u ltip le S p a n n in g T r e e ,s u c h a s C is c o M I S T P a n d I E E E 80 2.1s A m o n o S p a n n in g T re e fo r a ll V L A N s a llo w s o n ly o n e a c tiv e to p o lo g y a n d th e re fo re n o lo a d b a la n c in g . A n S T P b lo c k e d p o rt b lo c k s fo r a ll V L A N s a n d c a rrie s n o d a ta . O n e n u m re c o 1f o S p a n n in b e r o f V m m e n d e rm u la is g T r L A N d in a s su e e p e r V L A N a llo w s lo a d b a la n c in g b u t re q u ire s m o re B P D U C P U p ro c e s s in g a s th e s in c r e a s e s .T h e C a tO S r e le a s e n o te s p r o v id e g u id a n c e o n th e n u m b e r o f lo g ic a l p o r ts t h e S p a n n i n g T r e e p e r s w i t c h . F o r e x a m p l e , t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e c h :

n u m b e r o f p o r t s + ( n u m b e r o f t r u n k s * n u m b e r o f V L A N s o n t r u n k s ) < 40 0 0 C i s c o M I S T P a n d t h e n e w 80 2.1s s t a n d a r d a l l o w t h e d e f i n i t i o n o f o n l y t w o a c t i v e S T P in s ta n c e s /to p o lo g ie s ,a n d th e m a p p in g o f a ll V L A N s to e ith e r o f th e s e tw o tr e e s .T h is te c h n iq u e a llo w s S T P to s c a le to m a n y th o u s a n d s o f V L A N s w h ile lo a d b a la n c in g is e n a b le d . B P D U F orm a ts In o rd e r to s u p b e c o m e P V S T P V S T + is th e r re q u ire e x tra c e n s u re th a t th e p o rt + b y e fo re o m m re is t h e I E E E 80 2.1Q s t a n d a r d , t h e e x i s t i n g C i s c o S T P i m a d d i n g s u p p o r t f o r t u n n e l i n g a c r o s s a n I E E E 80 2.1Q c o m p a t i b l e w i t h b o t h I E E E 80 2.1Q M S T a n d C i s c o a n d s o r c o n f ig u r a tio n .I n a d d itio n ,P V S T + a d d s v e r if n o c o n fig u ra tio n in c o n s is te n c y o f p o rt tru n k in g a n d V p le m e m o n o P V S T ic a tio n L A N n ta tio n w a s e x te n d e d S p a n n in g T re e re g io n p ro to c o ls a n d d o e s n o m e c h a n is m s in o rd e r ID s a c ro s s s w itc h e s . to . t to

T h e s e a re s o m e o p e ra tio n a l h ig h lig h ts o f th e P V S T + p ro to c o l: S e e a b ta A C is c P V T r e n u n S S T + in te ro p e ra te s w ( C S T ) o v e r a n 80 le d o n th e tru n k to g g e d ,to th e I E E E P 42) . F o r c o m p l e o s h a re d S p a n n in g i t h 80 2.1Q m 2.1Q t r u n k . T in te ro p e ra te S ta n d a rd B rid te n e s s o f d e s c T re e M A C a o n o S p a n n in h e C S T is a lw w ith o th e r v e g e -G r o u p ( M r ip tio n ,a p a r d d re ss fo r V L g T a y n d o A C a lle A N re e th ro s o n V L r s .C S T A d d re l se t o f 1. u g h t h e s o -c a l l e d C o m m o n S p a n n i n g A N 1, s o t h i s V L A N n e e d s t o b e B P D U s a re tr a n s m itte d ,a lw a y s s s 0 1-80 -c 2-0 0 -0 0 -0 0 , D S A P 42, B P D U s a re a ls o tra n s m itte d to th e

P V S T + t u n n e l s P V S T B P D U s a c r o s s 80 2.1Q V L A N r e g i o n s a s m u l t i c a s t d a t a . C i s c o s h a r e d S p a n n i n g T r e e B P D U s a r e t r a n s m i t t e d t o M A C a d d r e s s 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c d ( S N A P H D L C p r o t o c o l t y p e 0 x 0 10 b ) f o r e a c h V L A N o n a t r u n k . B P D U s a r e u n t a g g e d o n t h e n a t i v e V L A N a n d t a g g e d h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 29 o f 10 9 fo r a ll o th e r V L A N s . P V S T + c h e c k s p o r t a n d V L A N in c o n s is te n c ie s .P V S T + b lo c k s th o s e p o r ts th a t r e c e iv e in c o n s is te n t B P D U s in o r d e r to p r e v e n t f o r w a r d in g lo o p s .I t a ls o n o tif ie s u s e r s th r o u g h s y s lo g m e s s a g e s a b o u t a n y c o n fig u ra tio n m is m a tc h . P V S T + i s b a c k w a r d -c o m p a t i b l e w i t h e x i s t i n g C i s c o s w i t c h e s r u n n i n g P V S T o n I S L t r u n k s . I S L e n c a p s u la te d B P D U s a r e s till tr a n s m itte d o r r e c e iv e d u s in g th e I E E E M A C a d d r e s s .I n o th e r w o r d s , e a c h B P D U t y p e i s l i n k -l o c a l ; t h e r e a r e n o t r a n s l a t i o n i s s u e s . R e com m e nda tion A ll C a ta ly s t s w itc h e s h a v e S T P e n a b le d b y d e f a u lt.T h is is r e c o m m e n d e d e v e n if a d e s ig n is c h o s e n th a t d o e s n o t in c lu d e L 2lo o p s s o th a t S T P is n o t e n a b le d in th e s e n s e th a t it is a c tiv e ly m a in ta in in g a b lo c k e d p o rt.
set sp an tr ee en ab l e al l !--- T h i s i s t h e d e f a u l t .

C is c o re c o m m e n d s th a t S T P is le ft e n a b le d fo r th e s e re a s o n s : I f t h e r e i s a l o o p ( i n d u c e d b y m i s p a t c h i n g , b a d c a b l e , a n d s o o n .) , S T P p r e v e n t s d e t r i m e n t a l e f f e c t s to th e n e tw o rk c a u s e d b y m u ltic a s t a n d b ro a d c a s t d a ta . P ro te c tio n a g a in s t a n E th e rC h a n n e l b re a k in g d o w n . M o s t n e tw o r k s a r e c o n f ig u r e d w ith S T P ,w h ic h g iv e s it m a x im u m g e n e ra lly e q u a te s to s ta b le c o d e . f ie ld e x p o s u r e .M o r e e x p o s u r e

P ro te c tio n a g a in s t d u a l a tta c h e d N IC s m is b e h a v in g (o r b rid g in g e n a b le d o n s e rv e rs ). T h e s o f tw a r e f o r m a n y p r o to c o ls ( s u c h a s P A g P ,I G M P s n o o p in g ,a n d tr u n k in g ) is c lo s e ly r e la te d to S T P .R u n n in g w ith o u t S T P c a n le a d to u n d e s ir a b le r e s u lts . D o not ch a ng e tim e rs , a s n o t tu n e d .T h e s im p le S T P M a x a g e ,a r e th e m s e lv e s c o d iffic u lt to tu n e tim e rs a n d U D L D p ro te c tio n . Ide a l l y , k e e p p r o c e s s o r s ,it d a ta .O n e e n d w ith b ro a d c a s p o w e rfu l C P U o f th is d o c u m th is ca tim e rs m p ris e c o n s id n a dv a c c e s d o f a e r a ll e rs e l y a f s ib le th ro c o m p le x th e ra m if f e ct s ta b il ity . T u g h th e c o m m a s e t o f o th e r a s s ic a tio n s .M o r e o h e n d u m v e m a lin e d r ,th jo rity o f n e ,s u c h a s a n d in trin e re is th e e tw o rk s d h e l l o -i n t e s ic tim e rs d a n g e r o f e p lo y e d a re rv a l a n d ,s o it is u n d e rm in in g

us e r tra f f ic of f th e m a na g e m is b e s t to a v o id p ro b le m s w ith s ta tio n th a t m is b e h a v e s c o u ld t p a c k e ts th a t it c a n m is s o n e o s a n d th ro ttlin g c o n tro ls re lie v e n t fo r m o re d e ta ils .

e nt V L A N . E s p e c i a l l y w i t h o l d e r C S T P b y k e e p in g th e m a n a g e m e n t V p o te n tia lly k e e p th e s u p e rv is o r e n g r m o r e B P D U s .H o w e v e r ,n e w e r s w e t h i s c o n s i d e r a t i o n .. S e e t h e I n -B a

a ta ly s t s w itc h L A N s e p a ra te fro m u s e r in e p ro c e s s o r s o b u s y itc h e s w ith m o re n d M a n a g e m e n t s e c tio n

D o not ov e r-de s ig n re dunda ncy . T h i s c a n l e a d t o a t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g n i g h t m a r e - t o o m a n y b l o c k i n g p o r t s a d v e r s e l y a f f e c t l o n g -t e r m s t a b i l i t y . K e e p th e tota l S P T dia m e te r unde r s e v e n h op s . T r y t o h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 30 o f 10 9 d e s ig n to th e C is c o m u ltila y e r m o d e l,w ith its s m a lle r s w itc h e d d o m a in s ,S T P tr ia n g le s ,a n d d e t e r m i n i s t i c b l o c k e d p o r t s ( a s e x p l a i n e d i n G i g a b i t C a m p u s N e t w o r k D e s i g n P r i n c i p l e s a n d A rc h ite c tu re ) w h e re v e r p o s s ib le . Inf l ue nce a nd k now w h e re R oot f unctiona l ity a nd b l ock top ol og y dia g ra m . T h e b l o c k e d p o r t s a r e w h e r e S T P t r o u b fro m b lo c k in g to fo rw a rd in g is o fte n th e k e y p a rt o f ro o t c a core l a y e rs a s th e l oca tion of root/s e conda ry R oot, s i n c e th e n e tw o r k .C h e c k f o r o p tim a l L 3a n d H S R P o v e r la y w ith a m a c ro th a t c o n fig u re s th e b rid g e p rio rity ; ro o t s e ts it m u c s e c o n d a ry s e ts it re a s o n a b ly lo w e r th a n th e d e fa u lt:
set sp an tr ee r oot secon d ar y v l an r an g e

e d p orts re s ide , a nd docum e nt th e m on th e le s h o o tin g b e g in s -w h a t m a d e th e m c h a n g e u s e a n a l y s i s . C h oos e th e dis trib ution a nd th e s e a re c o n s id e re d th e m o s t s ta b le p a rts o f L 2 d a t a -f o r w a r d i n g p a t h s . T h i s c o m m a n d i s h l o w e r t h a n t h e d e f a u l t ( 32768) , w h i l e r o o t

N ote : T h i s m a c r o s e t s t h e r o o t p r i o r i t y t o b e e i t h e r 8192 ( b y d e f a u l t ) , t h e c u r r e n t r o o t p r i o r i t y m i n u s 1 ( i f a n o th e r r o o t b rid g e is k n o w n ),o r th e c u r re n t r o o t p r io rity ( if its M A C a d d re s s is lo w e r th e n th e c u rre n t ro o t). P rune unne ce s s a ry a n d N M P p ro c e s s in a u to m a tic p ru n in g d m o r e in f o r m a tio n .T V g o o e h e L A N s of f v e rh e a d o s n o t re m o d e fa u lt V trunk -p orts n p o rtio n s o f v e S T P fro m L A N 1c a n a (a th a ls o b id e n e tru n b e ire c tw o k .R re m tio rk e f o v n a w e r e d l e x e rc is e ) .T h e re c e rta in V to th e V T P s fro m tru n k s h is lim L A N e c tio n u s in g its th e s a re n o o f th is C a tO S d ia m t re q d o c u 5.4 a e te r o f S T P u ire d .V T P m e n t fo r n d la te r.

R e fe r to S p a n n in g T re e P ro to c o l P ro b le m s a n d R e la te d D e s ig n C o n s id e ra tio n s fo r a d d itio n a l in fo rm a tio n . O th e r O p tions C i s c o h a s a n o t h e r S T P k n o w n a s V L A N -b ridg e . T h i s p r o t o c o l o p e r a t e s u s i n g a d e s t i n a t i o n M A C a d d r e s s o f 01-00-0c-cd-cd-ce a n d p r o t o c o l t y p e o f 0 x 0 10 c . T h is is m o s t u s e fu l in te rfe rin g w ith th e n o n -b r i d g e d t r a f f i c th e s a m e S T P a s IP u n w a n t e d s i d e -e f f e p ro v id e s a s e p a ra te i f t h e r e i s a n e e d t o b r i d g e n o n -r o u t a b l e IE E E S p a n n in g T re e in s ta n c e (s ) ru n n in b e c o m e b lo c k e d f o r L 2tr a f f ic ( a n d th is V L A N s ) ,th e o v e r la y in g L 3tr a f f ic g e ts c t . V L A N -b r i d g e i s t h e r e f o r e a s e p a r a t e to p o lo g y th a t c a n b e m a n ip u la te d w ith o o r le g a c y p ro to c o ls b e tw e e g o n th o s e V L A N s .I f V L A c o u ld e a s ily h a p p e n if th e y in a d v e rte n tly p ru n e d o ff a s in s ta n c e o f S T P fo r b rid g e d u t a ffe c tin g IP tra ffic . n V L A N s w ith o u t N in te rfa c e s fo r p a rtic ip a te d in w e ll -a n p r o to c o ls ,w h ic h

T h e C i s c o r e c o m m e n d a t i o n i s t o r u n V L A N -b r i d g e i f b r i d g i n g i s r e q u i r e d b e t w e e n V L A N s o n C i s c o ro u te rs s u c h a s th e M S F C . P ortF a s t P o rtF a s t is u b e tw e e n e n d p r o to c o ls ,s u th e lin k s ta te s e d to -s t a t i o c h a s h a s g b y p n s a IP X o n e a ss n d /S P u p n th X in o rm a l S p a n n in e s e rv ic e s th e y ,it is im p o r ta n o rd e r to a v o id g T re e o p n e e d to c t to s e e th G N S p ro e ra tio n o n a c c e s s p o rts to s p e e d u p c o n n e c tiv ity o n n e c t to a f te r lin k in itia liz a tio n .O n s o m e e a c c e s s p o rt in fo rw a rd in g m o d e im m e d ia te ly a fte r b le m s .

R e fe r to U s in g P o rtfa s t a n d O th e r C o m m a n d s to F ix W o rk s ta tio n S ta rtu p C o n n e c tiv ity D e la y s fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 31 o f 10 9 O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w P o rtF a s t s k ip b l o c k i n g to d is c a rd s a ll u ta k e u p to tw

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b y m o v in g a p o rt d ire c tly fro m in g .I f th is f e a tu r e is n o t e n a b le d ,S T P o v e d to f o r w a r d i n g m o d e .T h is c o u ld d e fa u lt).

P o rtF a s t m o d e a ls o p re v e n ts a n S T P T C N fro m b e in g g e n e ra te d e a c h tim e a p o rt s ta te c h a n g e s fro m to f o r w a r d i n g .T C N s a r e n o t a p r o b le m b y th e m s e lv e s ,b u t if a w a v e o f T C N s h it th e r o o t b r id g e ( ty p ic a lly in th e m o r n in g w h e n p e o p le tu r n o n th e ir P C s ) ,it c o u ld e x te n d c o n v e r g e n c e tim e u n n e c e s s a rily . ltic a s t C C G M P C r t,a n d /o p e n d in g e d fro m G M P A M r flu s o n th IG M a n d ta b le h M L e s iz e P sn o C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 e n trie s to b e a g e d S c a c h e e n trie s th o f th e c a c h e .( C a o p in g a re n o t a ffe 0 M L S n e tw o rk s . o u t,w h ic h r e s u lts a t th e n n e e d to b e t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 c t e d .)

S T P P o rtF a s t is p a rtic u la rly im p o rta n t in b o th m u T C N s in th e s e e n v iro n m e n ts c a n c a u s e th e s ta tic in m u ltic a s t p a c k e t lo s s u n til th e n e x t IG M P re p o r e b u ilt a n d c o u ld r e s u lt in a r o u te r C P U s p ik e ,d e M L S im p le m e n ta tio n s a n d m u ltic a s t e n trie s le a rn R e com m e nda tion

C i s c o r e c o m m e n d s t h a t S T P P o r t F a s t b e e n a b l e d f o r a l l a c t i v e h o s t p o r t s a n d d i s a b l e d f o r s w i t c h -s w i t c h lin k s a n d p o rts n o t in u s e . T ru fo r p ro in w n k in g a tru n k in to c o ls a h ic h in n d c h a n n g a n d c h a re le ft to itia l p a c k e lin n n e n e g e ts g m u st a lin g ,y e t o tia te ,th fro m w o ls o b e d s w itc h e su b se rk s ta tio is a b n e ig q u e n n s ,s le d fo r h b o rs a t d e la y u c h a s a ll re in D H h o n o p o C st p o t e x p rt a c P re q r ts .E a c h a c c e e c te d b y d e s ig tiv a tio n c a n le u e s ts ,a r e n o t ss p o n o n a d to fo rw rt is e n a b le d b y d e fa u lt h o s t p o r ts .I f th e s e u n d e s ira b le s itu a tio n s a rd e d .

C a t O S 5.2 i n t r o d u c e d a m a c r o c o m m a n d , s e t p ort h os t p o r t r ang e t h a t i m p l e m e n t s t h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n fo r a c c e s s p o rts a n d h e lp s a u to n e g o tia tio n a n d c o n n e c tio n p e rfo rm a n c e s ig n ific a n tly :
set p or t host port range !--- M a c r o c o m m a n d f o r t h e s e c o m m a n d s :

set sp an tr ee p or tf ast port range en ab l e set tr u n k port range of f set p or t chan n el port range mod e of f

N ote : P o r t F a s t d o e s n o t m e a n t h a t S p a n n i n g T r e e i s n o t r u n a t a l l o n t h o s e p o r t s . B P D U s a r e s t i l l s e n t , r e c e iv e d ,a n d p r o c e s s e d . O th e r O p tions P o r t F a s t B P D U -g u a r d p r o v i d e s a w a y t o p r e v e n t l o o p s b y m o v i n g a n o n -t r u n k i n g p o r t i n t o a n e r r d i s a b l e s ta te w h e n a B P D U is r e c e iv e d o n th a t p o r t. A B P D U p a c k e t m u s t n e v e r b e r e c e iv e d o n a n a c c e s s p o r t c o n f ig u r e d f o r P o r tF a s t,s in c e h o s t p o r ts m u s t n o t b e a tta c h e d to s w itc h e s .I f a B P D U is o b s e r v e d ,it in d ic a te s a n in v a lid a n d p o s s ib ly d a n g e r o u s c o n f i g u r a t i o n t h a t n e e d s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e a c t i o n . W h e n t h e B P D U -g u a r d f e a t u r e i s e n a b l e d , S p a n n i n g T r e e

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 32 o f 10 9 s h u t s d o w n P o r t F a s t -c o n f i g u r e d i n t e r f a c e s t h a t r e c e i v e B P D U s i n s t e a d o f p u t t i n g t h e m b l o c k i n g s ta te . T h e c o m m a n d w o r k s o n a p e r -s w i t c h b a s i s , n o t p e r -p o r t , a s s h o w n :

set sp an tr ee p or tf ast b p d u -g u ar d en ab l e

in to th e S T P

T h e n e tw o p o s s ib le to th is d o c u m E n h a n c e m

r k m a n a g e r is n o tif ie d b y a n S N M P tr a p o r s y s lo g m e s s a g e if th e p o r t g o e s d o w n .I t is a ls o c o n f ig u r e a n a u to m a tic r e c o v e r y tim e f o r e r r d is a b le d p o r ts .R e f e r to th e U D L D s e c tio n o f e n t f o r m o r e d e ta ils .F o r m o r e in f o r m a tio n ,r e f e r to S p a n n in g T r e e P o r tf a s t B P D U G u a r d e n t. p o n k ,C o rt rts p o a tO b a w a s i n t r o d u c e d i n C a t O S 7.x a n d h a s n o e f f e c t o n t r u n k p o r t s i n e a r l i e r r ts is d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e c o n v e r g e n c e tim e s f o r L 3n e tw o r k s .T o S 7.x a l s o i n t r o d u c e d t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f P o r t F a s t s is .

N ote : P o r t F a s t f o r t r u n k r e le a s e s .P o r tF a s t f o r tr u c o m p le m e n t th is fe a tu re B P D U -g u a r d o n a p e r -p U p l ink F a s t U p lin n o t m th re e C is c o k F a s t p ro v id o d if y S T P ,a s e c o n d s ,r a th U p lin k F a s t e s n d e r F e

fa st S T P its p u rp th a n th e a tu re fo

c o n v e r g e n c e a f te r a d ir e c t lin k f a ilu r e in th e n e tw o r k a c c e s s la y e r .I t d o e s o s e is to s p e e d u p c o n v e rg e n c e tim e in a s p e c ific c irc u m s ta n c e to le s s th a n t y p i c a l 30 -s e c o n d d e l a y . R e f e r t o U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d C o n f i g u r i n g t h e r m o re in fo rm a tio n .

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w U s in g th e C is c o m u ltila y e r d e s ig n m o d e l a t th e a c c e s s la y e r ,if th e f o r w a r d in g u p lin k is lo s t,th e b lo c k in g u p lin k is im m e d ia te ly m o v e d to a f o r w a r d i n g s ta te w ith o u t w a itin g fo r l i s t e n i n g a n d l e a r n i n g s ta te s . A n u p lin k g ro u p is a s e t o f p o rts p U n d e r n o r m a l c o n d itio n s ,th e r o o t t h i s p r i m a r y r o o t -c o n n e c t i o n f a i l s h a v i n g t o g o t h r o u g h t y p i c a l 30 s e B e c a u s e th is e ffe c tiv e ly b y p a s ) ,a n a lte r n a te to p o lo d o m a in th a t lo c a l e n d s ta tio n s U p lin k F a s t a ls o g e n e ra te s fra m 0 0 -0 c -c d -c d -c d , H D L C p r o t o c n e w to p o lo g y .
l e a r n i n g

e r V L A p o rt(s ) fo r a n y c o n d s o

N th a t c a n a re a s s u rin r e a s o n ,th e f c o n v e rg e l S m th A u p

b e th g c o n b a c k n c e d

o u g h t o f a s a ro o t p o rt a n d b a c k u p ro o t p o rt. n e c tiv ity f r o m th e a c c e s s to w a r d th e r o o t.I f u p ro o t lin k k ic k s in im m e d ia te ly w ith o u t e la y . a n d lin o rd e r .T h e to a m a ll s w g p ro c e ss (l i s t e n i n to u p d a te s w itc h e s in a c c e s s la y e r s w itc h r u ltic a s t M A C a d d re s itc h e s in th e d o m a in a n d th e u n n in g s ( 0 1w ith th e
g

se s g y a re e s o l 0

th e n o rm a c o rre c tio n re a c h a b le fo r e a c h M x 20 0 a ) t o

T P to p o lo e c h a n is m ro u g h a n a C a d d re ss d a te th e C

g y c h a n g e -h is n e e d e d in lte rn a te p a th in its C A M A M ta b le in

R e com m e nda tion C is c o re c o m m e n d s th a t la y e r .D o n o t u s e o n s w d is trib u tio n a n d c o re s w p r o d u c tio n n e tw o r k .I s s U p lin k F a s t b itc h e s w ith o u itc h e s in th e u e th is c o m m e e n t th e C is c a n d a b le d fo r s w im p lie d to p o m u ltila y e r in o rd e r to e itc h e s o lo g y d e s ig n a b le w ith k n o w n .I t c U p lin b lo le d a n k F c k e d p o rts ,ty p ic a lly a t th e a c c e s s g e o f a b a c k u p ro o t lin k -ty p ic a lly b e a d d e d w ith o u t d is ru p tio n to a a s t:

set sp an tr ee u p l i n k f ast en ab l e

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 33 o f 10 9 T h is c o b rid g e fu n c tio u p lin k m a n n a d a m a n d a l s o s e t s t h e b ridg d t h e p ort p riority h i g h lity .W h e n y o u r e s to r e a ta b a s e c le a re d w ith " c le a e p to sw r u riority h i g m in im iz e b itc h th a t h a p l i n k ," a n d h in e c o d U th e o rd e r m in g a p lin k F b rid g e to m in im iz e th e d e s ig n a te d p o r a s t e n a b le d ,th e p rio ritie s re s to ris t,w fe a re d k o f h ic h tu re m a n th is b e c o m in g a ro o t b re a k s th e h a s to b e d is a b le d ,th e u a lly .

N ote : T h e a l l p rotocol s k e y w o r d f o r t h e U p l i n k F a s t c o m m a n d i s n e e d e d w h e n t h e p r o t o c o l f i l t e r i n g f e a tu r e is e n a b le d .A s th e C A M r e c o r d s th e p r o to c o l ty p e a s w e ll a s M A C a n d V L A N in f o r m a tio n w h e n p r o to c o l f ilte r in g is e n a b le d ,a n U p lin k F a s t f r a m e n e e d s to b e g e n e r a te d f o r e a c h p r o to c o l o n e a c h M A C a d d r e s s . T h e ra te k e y w o r d i n d i c a t e s t h e p a c k e t s p e r s e c o n d o f t h e u p l i n k f a s t t o p o l o g y u p d a t e f r a m e s . T h e d e f a u lt is r e c o m m e n d e d .Y o u d o n o t n e e d to c o n f ig u r e B a c k b o n e F a s t w ith R a p id S T P ( R S T P ) o r I E E E 80 2.1w b e c a u s e t h e m e c h a n i s m i s n a t i v e l y i n c l u d e d a n d a u t o m a t i c a l l y e n a b l e d i n R S T P . B a ck b one F a s t B a c k b o n e F a s t p r o v id e s r a p id c o n v e r g e n c e f r o m in d ir e c t lin k f a ilu r e s .W ith th e a d d e d f u n c tio n a lity to S T P , c o n v e r g e n c e t i m e s c a n t y p i c a l l y b e r e d u c e d f r o m t h e d e f a u l t o f 50 s e c o n d s t o 30 s e c o n d s . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h its s ta th e e m d e rts ro e c h a n is m s ig n a te d b r to s e n d its o t b rid g e a n o rm u m a a s a te p a to c h tifie s a l S g in g s ig n th to e c k th e is in itia te d w h e n id g e .T h is c a n h a o w n B P D U s in o n d th e d e s ig n a te d a ro o p p e n rd e r b rid t p o rt o r b lo c k e d p o rt o n a s w itc h re c e iv e s in fe rio r B P D U s fro m w h e n a d o w n s tre a m s w itc h h a s lo s t its c o n n e c tio n to th e ro o t a n d t o e l e c t a n e w r o o t . A n inf e rior B P D U i d e n t i f i e s a s w i t c h a s b o t h g e . P D U s f t,th e s w in e w h is p ro to o r th e c o n fig u re d itc h s e e s th e in fe rio r e th e r it h a s a n c o l a d d itio n a llo w s a f o r w a r d i n g in le s s tim e , s till th e re .

U n d e r m a x im B P D U a lte rn a s w itc h a n d n o

p a n n in g T r e e r u le s ,th e r e c e iv in g s w itc h ig n o r e s in f e r io r B t i m e , 20 s e c o n d s b y d e f a u l t . H o w e v e r , w i t h B a c k b o n e F a s a l th a t th e to p o lo g y c o u ld h a v e c h a n g e d ,a n d tr ie s to d e te r m th e r o o t b r id g e u s in g R o o t L in k Q u e r y ( R L Q ) B P D U s .T h w h e th e r th e r o o t is s till a v a ila b le ,m o v e s a b l o c k e d p o r t to is o la te d s w itc h th a t s e n t th e in fe rio r B P D U th a t th e ro o t is

T h e s e a re s o m e h ig h lig h ts o f th e p ro to c o l o p e ra tio n : A s w itc h tr a n s m its th e R L Q p a c k e t o u t th e r o o t p o r t o n ly ( th a t is ,to w a r d s th e r o o t b r id g e ) . A s w itc h th a t r e c e iv e s a R L Q c a n r e p ly e ith e r if it is th e r o o t s w itc h ,o r if it k n o w s it h a s lo s t c o n n e c tio n w ith th e r o o t.I f it d o e s n o t k n o w th e s e f a c ts ,it m u s t f o r w a r d th e q u e r y o u t its r o o t p o rt. I f a s w itc h h a s lo s t c o n n e c tio n to th e r o o t,it m u s t r e p ly in th e n e g a tiv e to th is q u e r y . T h e re p ly m u s t b e s e n t o u t o n ly th e p o rt fro m w h ic h th e q u e ry c a m e .

T h e ro o t s w itc h m u s t a lw a y s re s p o n d to th is q u e ry w ith a p o s itiv e re p ly . I f t h e r e p l y i s r e c e i v e d o n a n o n -r o o t p o r t , i t i s d i s c a r d e d . S T P c o n v e r g e n c e t i m e s c a n t h e r e f o r e b e r e d u c e d b y u p t o 20 s e c o n d s , a s m a x a g e d o e s n o t n e e d t o e x p ire .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 34 o f 10 9 R e fe r to U n d e rs ta n d in g a n d C o n fig u rin g B a c k b o n e F a s t o n C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . R e com m e nda tion T h e C is c o r e c o m m e n d a tio n is to e n a b le B a c k b o n e F a s t o n a ll s w itc h e s r u n n in g S T P .I t c a n b e a d d e d w ith o u t d is r u p tio n to a p r o d u c tio n n e tw o r k .I s s u e th is c o m m a n d in o r d e r to e n a b le B a c k b o n e F a s t:
set sp an tr ee b ack b on ef ast en ab l e

N ote : T h i s g l o b a l l e v e l c o m m a n d n e e d s t o b e c o n f i g u r e d o n a l l s w i t c h e s i n a d o m a i n a s i t a d d s fu n c tio n a lity to th e S T P p ro to c o l th a t a ll s w itc h e s n e e d to u n d e rs ta n d . O th e r O p tions B a c k b o n e F a s t i s n o t s u p p o r t e d o n 290 0 X L s a n d 350 0 s . I t m u s t n o t b e e n a b l e d i f t h e s w i t c h d o m a i n c o n t a i n s t h e s e s w i t c h e s i n a d d i t i o n t o C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 s w i t c h e s . Y o u d o n o t n e e d t o c o n f i g u r e B a c k b o n e F a s t w i t h R S T P o r I E E E 80 2.1w b e c a u s e t h e m e c h a n i s m n a tiv e ly in c lu d e d a n d a u to m a tic a lly e n a b le d in R S T P . S p a nning T re e L oop G ua rd L o o p g u a r d is a C is c o p r o p r ie ta r y o p tim iz a tio n f o r S T P .L o o p g u a r d p r o te c ts L 2n e tw o r k s f r o m th a t a re c a u s e d b y : N e tw o rk in te rfa c e s th a t m a lfu n c tio n B u sy C P U s A n y th in g th a t p re v e n ts th e n o rm a l fo rw a rd in g o f B P D U s A n S T P lo o p o c c u rs w h e n a b lo c k in g p o rt in a re d u n d a n t to p o lo g y e rro n e o u s ly tra n s itio n s to th e f o r w a r d in g s ta te .T h is tr a n s itio n u s u a lly h a p p e n s b e c a u s e o n e o f th e p o r ts in a p h y s ic a lly r e d u n d a n t to p o lo g y (n o t n e c e s s a rily th e b lo c k in g p o rt) c e a s e s to re c e iv e B P D U s . L o o p g u a rd is o n ly u s M o st m o d e rn c a m p u s d e s ig n a te d b rid g e c a n lo o p g u a rd fe a tu re w a p la tf o r m s ,a n d in v e r s e fu l in s w itc h e d n e tw a n d d a ta c e n te r n e tw n o t d is a p p e a r u n le s s s in tro d u c e d in C a tO i o n 6.2( 2) f o r t h e C a o rk s o rk s it s e n S v e r ta ly s t w h e re s w itc h a re th e s e ty p e d s a n in fe rio r s i o n 6.2( 1) f o 60 0 0 p l a t f o r m e s a re c o s o f n e tw B P D U o r C a ta ly s . n n e c te d o r k s .O r b rin g s t 40 0 0 a b y n a th n d p o in p o in e lin k C a ta t -t o -p o t -t o -p o d o w n l y s t 50 in t lin k s . in t lin k ,a .T h e S T P 0 0 lo o p s is

R e f e r t o S p a n n i n g -T r e e P r o t o c o l E n h a n c e m e n t s u s i n g L o o p G u a r d a n d B P D U S k e w D e t e c t i o n F e a t u r e s fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n o n lo o p g u a rd . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w L o o p p o rt d s ta rts re c e iv g u o e to e s a rd c h s n o t r re c e iv B P D U e c k s e c e iv e B P s a g to d e te rm in e e B P D U s ,lo D U s a g a in .A a in ,th e p o r t if a ro o t o p g u a rd p o rt in (a n d lin k p o rt p u ts th e in ) is d o r a th e c o n e e m n a p o s is e d lte rn a te /b rt in to a n te n t s ta te v ia b le a g a c k u p ro o t p o rt re c e iv e s in c o n s is te n t s ta te (b lo c k d o e s n o t tra n s m it B P D U a i n . T h e l o o p -i n c o n s i s t e B P D in g ) s .I f n t c o U u n su n d s .I f til th c h a itio n th e e p o rt p o rt is

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 35 o f 10 9 re m o v e d fro m L o o p lin k o d e p e n im p le su p p o th e p o r t,a n d th e S T P d e te r m in e s th e p o r t s ta te b e c a u s e s u c h r e c o v e r y is a u to m a tic . s th e fa ilu re a n d p g u a rd p re v e n ts P i t s e l f ( 80 2.1d o a rd in c o n ju n c tio e s. le ts s p a n S T P lo o r 80 2.1w n w ith U n in p s ) o D L g tre w ith r w h D in e c o n th e s e n th to p o v e rg e p e e d o e S T P lo g ie s to a f th tim th a s ta b le to e S T P v e e rs a re tu t re ly o n p o lo g y rs io n in n e d .F o S T P a n w ith o u u s e .T r th e s e d w h e r t th e h e re re a s e th e fa ile d is n o o n s, s o ftw a re

g u a rd is o la te r b r id g e .L o o d e n c y o n S T m e n t lo o p g u rts th e fe a tu r

W h e n th e lo o p g u a r d b lo c k s a n in c o n s is te n t p o r t,th is m e s s a g e is lo g g e d :
% S P A N T R E E -2-R O O T G U A R D B L O C K : P o r t 1/ 1 t r i e d t o i n V L A N 7 7 . M o v e d t o r o o t -i n c o n s i s t e n t s t a t e . b e c o m e n o n -d e s i g n a t e d

W h e n t h e B P D U i s r e c e i v e d o n a p o r t i n a l o o p -i n c o n s i s t e n t S T P s t a t e , t h e p o r t t r a n s i t i o n s i n t o a n o t h e r S T P s ta te .I n a c c o r d a n c e w ith th e r e c e iv e d B P D U ,th e r e c o v e r y is a u to m a tic ,a n d n o in te r v e n tio n is n e c e s s a r y .A f te r th e r e c o v e r y ,th is m e s s a g e is lo g g e d .

S P A N T R E E -2-L O O P G U A R D U N B L O C K : p o r t 3/ 2 r e s t o r e d i n v l a n 3.

Inte ra ction w ith O th e r S T P F e a ture s R oot g ua rd R o o t g u a r d f o r c e s a p o r t to b e d e s ig n a te d a lw a y s .L o o p g u a r d is e f f e c tiv e o n ly if th e p o r t is th e r o o t p o r t o r a n a lte r n a te p o r t.T h e s e f u n c tio n s a r e m u tu a lly e x c lu s iv e .L o o p g u a r d a n d r o o t g u a r d c a n n o t b e e n a b le d o n a p o rt a t th e s a m e tim e . U p l ink F a s t L o o p g u a r d is c o m p a tib le w ith U p lin k F a s t.I f lo o p g u a r d p u ts a r o o t p o r t in to a b lo c k in g s ta te , U p lin k F a s t p u ts a n e w r o o t p o r t in to f o r w a r d in g s ta te .A ls o ,U p lin k F a s t d o e s n o t s e le c t a lo o p in c o n s is te n t p o rt a s a ro o t p o rt. B a ck b one F a s t L o o p g u a r d is c o m p a tib le w ith B a c k b o n e F a s t.T h e r e c e p tio n o f a n in f e r io r B P D U th a t c o m e s f r o m a d e s ig n a te d b r id g e tr ig g e r s B a c k b o n e F a s t.B e c a u s e B P D U s a r e r e c e iv e d f r o m th is lin k ,lo o p g u a r d is n o t a c tiv a te d ,s o B a c k b o n e F a s t a n d lo o p g u a r d a r e c o m p a tib le . P ortF a s t P o r tF a s t tr a n s itio n s a p o r t in to th e f o r w a r d in g d e s ig n a te d s ta te im m e d ia te ly u p o n lin k u p .B e c a u s e a P o r t F a s t -e n a b l e d p o r t c a n n o t b e a r o o t o r a l t e r n a t e p o r t , l o o p g u a r d a n d P o r t F a s t a r e m u t u a l l y e x c lu s iv e . P A g P L o o p g u a r d u s e s th e p o r ts th a t a r e k n o w n to S T P .T h e r e f o r e ,lo o p g u a r d c a n ta k e a d v a n ta g e o f th e a b s tr a c tio n o f lo g ic a l p o r ts th a t P A g P p r o v id e s .H o w e v e r ,in o r d e r to f o r m a c h a n n e l,a ll th e p h y s ic a l p o r ts th a t a r e g r o u p e d in th e c h a n n e l m u s t h a v e c o m p a tib le c o n f ig u r a tio n s .P A g P

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 36 o f 10 9 e n fo rc e s th e u n ifo rm c o n fig u ra tio n o f lo o p g u a rd o n a ll th e p h y s ic a l p o rts to fo rm a c h a n n e l.

N ote : T h e s e a r e c a v e a t s w h e n y o u c o n f i g u r e l o o p g u a r d o n a n E t h e r C h a n n e l : S T P a lw a y s p ic k s th e f ir s t o p e r a tio n a l p o r t in th e c h a n n e l in o r d e r to s e n d th e B P D U s .I f th a t lin k b e c o m e s u n id ir e c tio n a l,lo o p g u a r d b lo c k s th e c h a n n e l,e v e n if o th e r lin k s in th e c h a n n e l fu n c tio n p ro p e rly . If p o rts w h ic h a re a lre a d y b lo c k e d b y lo o p g u a rd a re g ro u p e d to g e th e r in o rd e r to fo rm a c h a n n e l,S T P lo s e s a ll th e s ta te in f o r m a tio n f o r th o s e p o r ts .T h e n e w c h a n n e l p o r t c a n a tta in th e fo rw a rd in g s ta te w ith a d e s ig n a te d ro le . I f a c h a n n e l is b lo c k e d b y lo o p g u a r d a n d th e c h a n n e l b r e a k s ,S T P lo s e s a ll th e s ta te in f o r m a tio n .T h e in d iv id u a l p h y s ic a l p o r ts c a n a tta in th e f o r w a r d in g s ta te w ith d e s ig n a te d r o le ,e v e n if o n e o r m o r e o f th e lin k s th a t f o r m e d th e c h a n n e l a r e u n id ir e c tio n a l. I n th e la s t tw o c a s e s in th is lis t,th e r e is a p o s s ib ility o f a lo o p u n til U D L D d e te c ts th e f a ilu r e .B u t lo o p g u a rd is n o t a b le to d e te c t th e lo o p . L oop G ua rd a nd U D L D F e a ture C om p a ris on L o th a a ls a s tim o p g u a r t u n id ir o in fu n fa ilu re s e rs a n d d fu n e c tio c tio n th a t R S T c tio n a lity a n n a l lin k s c a u a lity .S p e c if a re c a u se d b P m o d e c a n n o t w c a se m e s d D L D o rk th a t e s ig d o e d U D L D f s e .B u t th e ic a lly ,th e r y a C P U th re s u lt in lo o n sh a re th e lin k n a te d .T s p ro v id u n c tio n a lity p a r tia lly o v e r la p .B o th p r o te c t s e tw o fe a tu re s a re d iffe re n t in th e a p p ro a c e a re c e rta in u n id ire c tio n a l fa ilu re s th a t U D a t d o e s n o t s e n d B P D U s .A d d itio n a lly ,th e o p s b e fo re U D L D c a n d e te c t th e fa ilu re s . k s o r in s itu a tio e e n u n id ire c tio e h a v io r c a n b e te c tio n a g a in s t n s n a n o su in w l s in rm a c h a h ic h c e th l,s o sc e n a g a h to L D u se in s t th e c a n o f a S T P p ro b n o t d g g re fa ilu re s le m a n d e te c t,s u c h s s iv e S T P

L o o p g u a rd th e lin k u p .I B P D U s a n d p a rtic u la r c a

d o e s n th e b e c o s e .U

d lin h a s b h is b e p ro

th e lin k h a s b e e n u n id ire c tio n a l s in c e e lin k u p ,th e p o r t n e v e r r e c e iv e s lo o p g u a rd d o e s n o t c o v e r th is a rio .

E n a b le b o th U D L D a n d lo o p g u a r d in o r d e r to p r o v id e th e h ig h e s t le v e l o f p r o te c tio n .R e f e r to th e L o o p G u ar d vs . U ni d i r e c t i o nal L i nk D e t e c t i o n s e c t i o n o f S p a n n i n g -T r e e P r o t o c o l E n h a n c e m e n t s u s i n g L o o p G u a r d a n d B P D U S k e w D e t e c t i o n F e a t u r e s f o r a l o o p g u a r d a n d U D L D f e a t u r e c o m p a r i s o n ,. R e com m e nda tion C is c o re v e rs io n E ffe c tiv p o i n t -t o e n a b le g c o m m 7.1( 1) e ly ,th -p o i n t lo b a l e n d s th a o f th e C e fe a tu re lin k .I f d lo o p g u a t y o u e a ta ly s t is e n a u p le x rd : n a b le lo o s o ftw a re b le d o n a is f u ll,th p g u a n d ll p o e lin a rd g lo la te r ,y i n t -t o -p k is c o n b a lly o n a s w itc h n o u c a n e n a b le lo o p o in t lin k s .T h e d u p s i d e r e d p o i n t -t o -p o
en ab l e

e tw o r k w ith p h y s ic a l lo o p s .I n g u a rd g lo b a lly o n a ll p o rts . le x s ta tu s o f th e lin k d e te c ts th e in t.Is s u e th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r to

set sp an tr ee g l ob al -d ef au l t l oop g u ar d

O th e r O p tions F o r s w itc h e s th a t d o n o t s u p p o r t g lo b a l lo o p g u a r d c o n f ig u r a tio n ,e n a b le th e f e a tu r e o n a ll in d iv id u a l p o r ts ,w h ic h in c lu d e s p o r t c h a n n e l p o r ts .A lth o u g h th e r e a r e n o b e n e f its to e n a b le m e n t o f lo o p g u a r d o n

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 37 o f 10 9 a d e s ig n a te d p o r t,th is e n a b le m e n t is n o t a n is s u e .I n a d d itio n ,a v a lid s p a n n in g tr e e r e c o n v e r g e n c e c a n a c tu a lly tu r n a d e s ig n a te d p o r t in to a r o o t p o r t,w h ic h r e n d e r s th e f e a tu r e u s e f u l o n th is p o r t.I s s u e th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r to e n a b le lo o p g u a rd :
set sp an tr ee g u ar d l oop m od /port

N e tw o rk s w in tro d u c e d is o la tio n p r th e s e c o m m lin k s .

i t h l o o p -f r e e t o p o l o g i e s a c c id e n ta lly .H o w e v e r ,e o b le m s .I n o r d e r to b u ild a n d s to d is a b le lo o p g u a

c a n n a b lo o rd g

s till le m e p -f r e lo b a

b e n e fit fro m n t o f lo o p g u e to p o lo g ie s lly o r in d iv id

lo o p g u a rd in th a n d a v o u a lly .D

a r is id o

d in th e c a s e th a t lo o p ty p e o f to p o lo g y c a n n e tw o rk is o la tio n p ro n o t e n a b le lo o p g u a rd

s a re le a d to n e tw o rk b le m s ,is s u e o n sh a re d

set sp an tr ee g l ob al -d ef au l t l oop g u ar d !--- T h i s i s t h e g l o b a l d e f a u l t .

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set sp an tr ee g u ar d !--- T h i s i s t h e n on e m od /port p o r t c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

d e f a u l t

S p a nning T re e R oot G ua rd T h e ro o t g u a rd fe e n s u re s th a t th e p a re a ll d e s ig n a te d re c e iv e s s u p e rio r in c o n s is te n t S T P fo rw a rd e d a c ro ss a v a ila b le in C a tO a n d la te r. a tu re p ro v id e s a w o rt o n w h ic h ro o t p o r ts ,u n le s s tw o S T P B P D U s o n a s t a t e . T h i s r o o t -i n th is p o r t.I n th is w S f o r C a t a l y s t 29x a y to g u a rd o r m o ro o t g c o n s is a y ,r o x , 450 e n fo rc e th e ro o t b rid g e p la c e m e n t in th is e n a b le d is th e d e s ig n a te d p o r t.N o r m re p o rts o f th e ro o t b rid g e a re c o n n e c te u a r d -e n a b l e d p o r t , t h e b r i d g e m o v e s t h te n t s ta te is e ffe c tiv e ly e q u a l to a lis te n o t g u a rd e n fo rc e s th e p o s itio n o f th e ro 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 i n e n e tw o rk .R o o t g u a rd a lly ,r o o t b r id g e p o r ts d to g e th e r .I f th e b r id g e is p o rt to a ro o tin g s ta te .N o tr a f f ic is o t b r id g e .R o o t g u a r d is s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n 6.1.1

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w R o o t g th e re c b e c o m d e s ig n sh o w s u a rd is a n S T P e p tio n o f B P D U e a r o o t p o r t.I f a te d p o rt b e c o m th e a c tio n : b u i l t -i n m o n ly .W re c e p tio n e a ro o t p e c h a n h e n ro o f a B o r t,th is m o t P D e p .R g u a U o rt o o t g u a rd d o e s rd is a p p lie d to trig g e rs a s p a n n is p u t in to a ro o n o t a p o in g t -i n h a v e a tim r t,r o o t g u tre e c o n v e c o n s is te n t
b e c o m e

e r o f its o w n ,a n a rd d o e s n o t a llo rg e n c e th a t m a k s ta te .T h is s y s lo

d it re lie s o n w a p o rt to e s a g m e ssa g e

% S P A N T R E E -2-R O O T G U A R D B L O C K : P o r t 1/ 1 t r i e d t o i n V L A N 7 7 . M o v e d t o r o o t -i n c o n s i s t e n t s t a t e

n o n -d e s i g n a t e d

A f te r th e p o r t c e a s e s to s e n d s u p e r io r B P D U s ,th e p o r t is u n b lo c k e d a g a in .T h r o u g h S T P ,th e p o r t g o e s f r o m th e lis te n in g s ta te to th e le a r n in g s ta te ,a n d e v e n tu a lly tr a n s itio n s to th e f o r w a r d in g s ta te .R e c o v e r y is a u to m a tic ,a n d n o h u m a n in te r v e n tio n is n e c e s s a r y .T h is s y s lo g m e s s a g e p r o v id e s a n e x a m p le :

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 38 o f 10 9

% S P A N T R E E -2-R O O T G U A R D U N B L O C K : P o r t 1/ 1 r e s t o r e d i n V L A N 7 7

R o o t g u a rd fo rc e s a p o rt to b e d e s ig n a te d a n d lo o p g u a rd is e ffe c tiv e o n ly if th e p o rt is th e ro o t p o rt o r a n a lte r n a te p o r t.T h e r e f o r e ,th e tw o f u n c tio n s a r e m u tu a lly e x c lu s iv e .L o o p g u a r d a n d r o o t g u a r d c a n n o t b e e n a b le d o n a p o rt a t th e s a m e tim e . R e fe r to S p a n n in g T re e P ro to c o l R o o t G u a rd E n h a n c e m e n t fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . R e com m e nda tion C is c o re c o m m e n d s th a t y o u e n a b le th e ro o t g u a rd fe a tu re o n p o rts th a t c o n n e c t to n e tw o rk d e v ic e s th a t a r e n o t u n d e r d ir e c t a d m in is tr a tiv e c o n tr o l.I n o r d e r to c o n f ig u r e r o o t g u a r d ,is s u e th is c o m m a n d :
set sp an tr ee g u ar d r oot m od /port

E th erC h a nnel
E th e rC h a n n e l te c h n o lo g ie s a llo w th e in v e rs e m u ltip le x in g o f m u ltip le c h a n n e ls (u p to e ig h t o n C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 ) i n t o a s i n g l e l o g i c a l l i n k . A l t h o u g h e a c h p l a t f o r m d i f f e r s f r o m t h e n e x t i n i m p l e m e n t a t i o n , i t is im p o rta n t to u n d e rs ta n d th e c o m m o n re q u ire m e n ts : A n a lg o rith m to s ta tis tic a lly m u ltip le x fra m e s o v e r m u ltip le c h a n n e ls

C re a tio n o f a lo g ic a l p o rt s o th a t a s in g le in s ta n c e o f S T P c a n b e ru n A c h a n n e l m a n a g e m e n t p ro to c o l s u c h a s P A g P o r L in k A g g re g a tio n C o n tro l P ro to c o l (L A C P ) F ra m e M ul tip l e x ing E th e rC h a n n e l e n c o m p a s s e s a fra m e d is trib u tio n a lg o rith m th a t e ffic ie n tly m u ltip le x e s fra m e s a c ro s s th e c o m p o n e n t 10 / 10 0 o r g i g a b i t l i n k s . D i f f e r e n c e s i n a l g o r i t h m s p e r p l a t f o r m a r i s e f r o m t h e c a p a b i l i t y o f e a c h ty p e o f h a rd w a re to e x tra c t fra m e h e a d e r in fo rm a tio n in o rd e r to m a k e th e d is trib u tio n d e c is io n . T h e lo a u s e th e d is trib u a lg o rith d u p lic a d d is trib u tio n fra m e d is trib u tio n a lg o rith m m d o e s n o t c a tio n o f fra m e s a lg o tio n s .H u se . rith a lg o w th e m is a g lo b o rith m b e c e v e r ,a n y d m is o rd e rin a l o p tio n a u s e th e is trib u tio g o f fra m fo r b o th IE E E s ta n n a lg o rith e s th a t a r c h a n n e l -c o n t r o l p d a rd d o e s n o t m a m e n s u r e s th a t,w e p a rt o f a n y g iv e ro to c n d a te h e n f n c o n o ls .P A g P a n d L A C P a n y p a rtic u la r r a m e s a r e r e c e iv e d ,th e v e rs a tio n o r

N ote : T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n m u s t b e c o n s i d e r e d : T h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 h a s m o r e r e c e n t s w i t c h i n g h a r d w a r e t h a n t h e C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 a n d c a n r e a d I P L a y e r 4 ( L 4) i n f o r m a t i o n a t w i r e r a t e i n o r d e r t o m a k e a m o r e i n t e l l i g e n t m u l t i p l e x i n g d e c is io n th a n s im p le M A C L 2in f o r m a tio n . T h e C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 c a p a b i l i t i e s d e p e n d o n t h e p r e s e n c e o f a n E t h e r n e t B u n d l i n g C h i p ( E B C ) o n t h e m o d u l e . T h e s h ow p ort ca p a b il itie s mo d / p o r t c o m m a n d c o n f i r m s w h a t i s p o s s i b l e f o r e a c h p o rt.

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 39 o f 10 9 R e f e r to th is ta b le ,w h ic h illu s tr a te s th e f r a m e d is tr ib u tio n a lg o r ith m P l a tf orm A C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 w i t h t h e n e c e s s a r y m o d u le s a llo w s tw o to fo u r lin k s to b e p re s e n t p e r F E C 1, t h o u g h t h e y m u s t b e o n t h e s a m e m o d u le .S o u r c e a n d d e s tin a tio n M A C a d d r e s s p a irs d e te rm in e th e lin k c h o s e n fo r fra m e f o r w a r d i n g . A n X -O R o p e r a t i o n i s p e r f o r m e d o n th e le a s t s ig n ific a n t tw o b its o f th e s o u rc e M A C a d d re s s a n d th e d e s tin a tio n M A C a d d re s s . T h is o p e ra tio n y ie ld s o n e o f fo u r re s u lts : (0 0 ), ( 0 1) , ( 1 0 ) , o r ( 1 1) . E a c h o f t h e s e v a l u e s p o i n t s to a lin k in th e F E C b u n d le .I n th e c a s e o f a t w o -p o r t F a s t E t h e r C h a n n e l , o n l y a s i n g l e b i t i s u s e d i n t h e X -O R o p e r a t i o n . C i r c u m s t a n c e s c a n o c c u r w h e re o n e a d d re s s in th e s o u r c e /d e s tin a tio n p a ir is a c o n s ta n t.F o r e x a m p le ,th e d e s tin a tio n c a n b e a s e r v e r o r , e v e n m o r e lik e ly ,a r o u te r .I n th a t c a s e , s ta tis tic a l lo a d b a la n c in g is s e e n b e c a u s e th e s o u rc e a d d re s s is a lw a y s d iffe re n t. C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 E t h e r C h a n n e l d i s t r i b u t e s fra m e s a c ro s s th e lin k s in a c h a n n e l (o n a s in g le m o d u l e ) b a s e d o n t h e l o w -o r d e r b i t s o f t h e s o u rc e a n d d e s tin a tio n M A C a d d re s s e s o f e a c h f r a m e .I n c o m p a r is o n w ith th e C a ta ly s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 , t h e a l g o r i t h m i s m o r e i n v o l v e d a n d u s e s a d e te rm in is tic h a s h o f th e s e fie ld s o f th e M A C D A ( b y t e s 3, 5, 6) , S A ( b y t e s 3, 5, 6) , in g r e s s p o r t,a n d V L A N I D .T h e f r a m e d is trib u tio n m e th o d is n o t c o n fig u ra b le . C h a nne l L oa d B a l a ncing A l g orith m in d e ta il fo r e a c h lis te d p la tfo rm :

C a ta ly s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 S e rie s

C a ta ly s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 S e rie s

C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e rie s

T h e re a re tw o p o s s ib le h a s h in g a lg o rith m s , d e p e n d in g o n th e S u p e rv is o r E n g in e h a rd w a re . T h e h a s h is a s e v e n te e n th d e g re e p o ly n o m ia l im p le m e n te d in h a r d w a r e th a t,in a ll c a s e s , ta k e s th e M A C a d d r e s s ,I P a d d r e s s ,o r I P T C P /U D P 2p o r t n u m b e r a n d a p p lie s th e a lg o r ith m to g e n e r a te a th r e e b it v a lu e .T h is is d o n e s e p a ra te ly fo r b o th s o u rc e a n d d e s tin a tio n a d d r e s s e s .T h e r e s u lts a r e th e n X O R d to g e n e r a t e a n o t h e r t h r e e -b i t v a l u e t h a t i s u s e d t o d e te rm in e w h ic h p o rt in th e c h a n n e l is u s e d to f o r w a r d th e p a c k e t.C h a n n e ls o n th e C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 c a n b e f o r m e d b e t w e e n p o r t s o n a n y m o d u le a n d c a n b e u p to 8p o r ts .

F E C = F a s t E th e rC h a n n e l 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 40 o f 10 9

2

U D P = U s e r D a ta g ra m

P ro to c o l

T h i s t a b l e i n d i c a t e s t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n m e t h o d s s u p p o r t e d o n t h e v a r i o u s C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 S u p e r v i s o r E n g in e m o d e ls a n d th e ir d e fa u lt b e h a v io r. W S -F 60 20 ( L 2E n g in e ) H a rdw a re E a rly S u p e rv is o r E n g in e 1 D e s crip tion & L 2M A C : S A ; D A ; S A D A L 2M A C : S A ; D A ; S A & D A L 3I P : S A ; D A ; S A a n d D A (d e fa u lt) & W S -F 6K P F C 2 S u p e rv is o r E n g in e 2/ P F C 2 ( n e e d s C a t O S 6.x ) L 2M A C : S A ; D A ; S A D A D is trib ution M e th ods

W S F 60 20 A ( L 2 L a E n g in e ) E n S u W S -F 6K 1A P F C (L 3 E n g in e )

te r S u p e rv is o r g in e 1a n d p e rv is o r E n g in e /P F C 1

L 3I P : S A ; D A ; S A & D A (d e fa u lt) L 4s e s s io n : S p o r t; D p o rt; S & D p o rt (d e fa u lt)

W S -F 6K P F C 3B X L W S -F 6K P F C 3B W S -F 6K P F C 3A

S u p e rv is o r E n g in e 720 / P F C 3A ( n e e d s C a t O S 8.1.x ) S u p e rv 720 / S u E n g in e (n e e d s is o r E n g in e p e rv is o r 32/ P F C 3B C a t O S 8.4.x )

L 2M A C : S A ; D A ; S A & D A

L 3I P : S A ; D A ; S A & D A (d e fa u lt) L 4s e s s io n : S p o r t; D p o rt; S & D p o rt I P -V L S A & D A & p o rt; S V L A N p o rt A N -L 4 s e s s i o n : V L A N & S p o rt; V L A N & D A & D A & & S p o rt & D

S u p e rv is o r E n g in e 720 / P F C 3B X L ( n e e d s C a t O S 8.3.x )

N ote : W i t h L 4 d i s t r i b u t i o n , t h e f i r s t f r a g m e n t e d p a c k e t u s e s L 4 d i s t r i b u t i o n . A l l s u b s e q u e n t p a c k e t s u s e L 3d is tr ib u tio n . M o re d e ta ils o f E th e rC h a n n e l s u p p o rt o n o th e r p la tfo rm s a n d h o w to c o n fig u re a n d tro u b le s h o o t th e m c a n b e fo u n d in th e s e d o c u m e n ts : U n d e rs ta n d in g E th e rC h a n n e l L o a d B a la n c in g a n d R e d u n d a n c y o n C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 41 o f 10 9 C o n f i g u r e E t h e r C h a n n e l B e t w e e n C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S w i t c h e s T h a t R u n C a tO S S y s te m S o ftw a re C o n f i g u r i n g L A C P ( 80 2.3a d ) B e t w e e n a C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 a n d a C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 C o n f ig u r in g L a y e r 3a n d L a y e r 2E th e r C h a n n e l R e com m e nda tion C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 s e r i e s s w i t c h e s p e r f o r m l o a d b a l a n c i n g b y I P a d d r e s s b y d e f a u l t . T h i s i s r e c o m m e n d e d i n C a t O S 5.5, a s s u m i n g t h a t I P i s t h e d o m i n a n t p r o t o c o l . I s s u e t h i s c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o s e t lo a d b a la n c in g :
set p or t chan n el !--- T h i s i s t h e al l d i str i b u ti on i p b oth d e f a u l t .

C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 a n d n e tw o r k s .H o w e v e r ,th e a c h a n n e l (a s S M A C a n o th e r la rg e file tra n s fe rs A lth o u g h a g g re g a te in te rfa c e s s ta tis tic a l th e lo g ic a l a g g th ro u g h p u t s ta s e p a ra te ly in o lo a d b a la n c in g

550 0 sa m e d D M o r fo

/ 50 lin A C r a

0 0 s e rie s fra m e d is trib u tio n k is u s e d fo r a ll tra ffic if th a r e c o n s ta n t) .T h is c a n ty p tra n s it s e g m e n t b e tw e e n tw

b e r ic o

y L 2M A C a d d r e s s is a c c e p ta b le in m o s t e a re o n ly tw o m a in d e v ic e s th a t ta lk o v e r a lly b e a n is s u e fo r s e rv e r b a c k u p a n d ro u te rs .

re g a te p o rt (a g p o r tis tic s g a th e r e d ,C rd e r to c h e c k h o w is b e in g a c h ie v e d

t) c a n b e m a n a g e d b y S N M P a s a s e p a ra te in s ta n c e a n d is c o s till re c o m m e n d s th a t y o u m a n a g e e a c h o f th e p h y s ic a l th e fra m e d is trib u tio n m e c h a n is m s a re w o rk in g a n d w h e th e r . d , i n C a t O S 6.x c a n d i s p l a y p e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t i o n r t c o u n t e r s w i t h t h e s h ow counte rs mo d / p o r t a t O S 5.x . A n o t h e r n e w c o m m a n d , t h e s h ow c h e c k ,b a s e d o n th e d is tr ib u tio n m o d e ,w h ic h p o r t d r e s s e s a n d /o r p o r t n u m b e r s .T h e e q u iv a le n t a nne l tra f f ic c o m m a n d a n d t h e s h ow l a cp -ch a nne l

A n e w c o m m a n d ,th e s h s ta tis tic s m o re e a s ily th a c o m m a n d o r t h e s h ow m ch a nne l h a s h c o m m a n d w o u ld b e s e le c te d a s th e c o m m a n d s fo r L A C P c h h a sh c o m m a n d . O th e r O p tions

ow ch a nne l tra f f ic c o m m a n n if y o u c h e c k in d iv id u a l p o a c mo d / p o r t c o m m a n d i n C , i n C a t O S 6.x a l l o w s y o u t o o u tg o in g p o rt fo r c e rta in a d a n n e l s a r e t h e s h ow l a cp -ch

T h e s e a r e p o s s i b l e s t e p s t o t a k e i f t h e r e l a t i v e l i m i t a t i o n s o f C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 o r C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 M A C -b a s e d a l g o r i t h m s a r e a n i s s u e , a n d g o o d s t a t i s t i c a l l o a d b a l a n c i n g i s n o t a c h i e v e d : P o i n t -d e p l o y C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 s w i t c h e s I n c r e a s e th e b a n d w id th w ith o u t c h a n n e lin g b y s w itc h in g ,f o r e x a m p le ,f r o m o n e G E p o r t , o r f r o m s e v e r a l G E p o r t s t o o n e 10 G E p o r t R e -a d d r e s s p a i r s o f e n d s t a t i o n s w i t h l a r g e v o l u m e f l o w s P ro v is io n d e d ic a te d lin k s /V L A N s fo r h ig h b a n d w id th d e v ic e s s e v e ra l F E p o rts to

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 42 o f 10 9 E th e rC h a nne l C onf ig ura tion G uide l ine s a nd R e s trictions E th e rC h a n n e l v e rifie s p o rt p ro p e rtie s o n a ll p h y s ic a l p o rts b e fo re it a g g re g a te s c o m p a tib le p o rts in to a s in g le lo g ic a l p o r t.C o n f ig u r a tio n g u id e lin e s a n d r e s tr ic tio n s v a r y f o r d if f e r e n t s w itc h p la tf o r m s .F o llo w th e g u id e lin e s in o r d e r to a v o id b u n d lin g p r o b le m s .F o r e x a m p le ,if Q o S is e n a b le d ,E th e r C h a n n e ls d o n o t f o r m w h e n b u n d l i n g C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 s e r i e s s w i t c h i n g m o d u l e s w i t h d i f f e r e n t Q o S c a p a b i l i t i e s . I n C is c o I O S S o f tw a r e ,y o u c a n d is a b le th e Q o S p o r t a ttr ib u te c h e c k o n th e E th e r C h a n n e l b u n d lin g w ith t h e no m l s q os ch a nne l -cons is te ncy p o r t -c h a n n e l i n t e r f a c e c o m m a n d . A n e q u i v a l e n t c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o d i s a b l e t h e Q o S p o r t a t t r i b u t e c h e c k i s n o t a v a i l a b l e i n C a t O S . Y o u c a n i s s u e t h e s h ow p ort ca p a b il ity mo d /p o r t c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o d i s p l a y t h e Q o S p o r t c a p a b i l i t y a n d d e t e r m i n e i f p o r t s a r e c o m p a tib le . F o llo w th e s e g u id e lin e s fo r d iffe re n t p la tfo rm s in o rd e r to a v o id c o n fig u ra tio n p ro b le m s : T h e E t h e r C h anne l C o nf i g u r at i o n G u i d e li ne s s e c t i o n o f C o n f i g u r i n g E t h e r C h a n n e l ( C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 ) T h e E t h e r C h anne l C o nf i g u r at i o n G u i d e li ne s and R e s t r i c t i o ns s e c t i o n o f C o n f i g u r i n g F a s t E t h e r C h a n n e l a n d G i g a b i t E t h e r C h a n n e l ( C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 ) T h e E t h e r C h anne l C o nf i g u r at i o n G u i d e li ne s and R e s t r i c t i o ns s e c t i o n o f C o n f i g u r i n g F a s t E t h e r C h a n n e l a n d G i g a b i t E t h e r C h a n n e l ( C a t a l y s t 50 0 0 ) N ote : T h e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f p o r t c h r e l e a s e s 6.2( 1) a n d e a r l i e r , t h e s i x - a n d 128 E t h e r C h a n n e l s . I n s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e p o r t I D .T h e r e f o r e ,th e m a x im u m n u m b c h a s s i s a n d 63 f o r a 13-s l o t c h a s s i s . P ort A g g re g a tion P rotocol P A g P is a m a n a g e m e n t p ro to c o l th a t c h e c k s fo r p a ra m e te r c o n s is te n c y a t e ith e r e n d o f th e lin k a n d a s s is ts th e c h a n n e l in a d a p tin g to lin k f a ilu re o r a d d itio n .N o te th e s e f a c ts a b o u t P A g P : P A g P re q u ire s th a t a ll p o rts in th e c h a n n e l b e lo n g to th e s a m e V L A N o r a re c o n fig u re d a s tru n k p o r ts .( B e c a u s e d y n a m ic V L A N s c a n f o r c e th e c h a n g e o f a p o r t in to a d if f e r e n t V L A N ,th e y a r e n o t i n c l u d e d i n E t h e r C h a n n e l p a r t i c i p a t i o n .) W h e n a b u n d le a lre a d y e x is ts a n d th e c o n fig u ra tio n o f o n e p o rt is m o d ifie d (s u c h a s c h a n g in g V L A N o r tr u n k in g m o d e ) ,a ll p o r ts in th e b u n d le a r e m o d if ie d to m a tc h th a t c o n f ig u r a tio n . P A g P d o e s n o t g r o u p p o r ts th a t o p e r a te a t d if f e r e n t s p e e d s o r p o r t d u p le x .I f s p e e d a n d d u p le x a r e c h a n g e d w h e n a b u n d le e x is ts ,P A g P c h a n g e s th e p o r t s p e e d a n d d u p le x f o r a ll p o r ts in th e b u n d le . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e P A g P p o r t c o n tr o ls e a c h in d iv id u a l p h y s ic a l ( o r lo g ic a l) p o r t to b e g r o u p e d .P A g P p a c k e ts a r e s e n t u s i n g t h e s a m e m u l t i c a s t g r o u p M A C a d d r e s s t h a t i s u s e d f o r C D P p a c k e t s , 01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc. T h e p r o t o c o l v a l u e i s 0 x 0 10 4. T h i s i s a s u m m a r y o f t h e p r o t o c o l o p e r a t i o n : a n n e ls th n i n e -s l o t 6.2( 2) a n e r o f E th a t t h e C a t a l y s t 40 0 0 s u p p o r t s i s 126. W i t h s o f t w C a t a l y s t 650 0 s e r i e s s w i t c h e s s u p p o r t a m a x i m u d la te r r e le a s e s ,th e s p a n n in g tr e e f e a tu r e h a n d le e r C h a n n e l s w i t h s u p p o r t i s 126 f o r a s i x - o r n i n e m a re o f s th e -s l o t

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 43 o f 10 9 A s lo n g a s th e p h y s ic a l p o r t is u p ,P A g P p a c k e ts a r e tr a n s m itte d e v e r y s e c o n d d u r in g d e te c tio n a n d e v e r y 30 s e c o n d s i n s t e a d y s t a t e . T h e p ro to c o l lis te n s fo r P A g P p a c k e ts th a t p ro v e th e p h y s ic a l p o rt h a s a b id ire c tio n a l c o n n e c tio n t o a n o t h e r P A g P -c a p a b l e d e v i c e . I f d a ta p a c k e ts b u t n o P A g P p a c k e ts a r e r e c e iv e d ,it is a s s u m e d th a t th e p o r t is c o n n e c te d to a n o n P A g P c a p a b le d e v ic e . A s s o o n a s tw o P A g P p a c k e ts h a v e b e e n r e c e iv e d o n a g r o u p o f p h y s ic a l p o r ts ,it tr ie s to f o r m a g g re g a te d p o rt. I f P A g P p a c k e ts s to p f o r a p e r io d ,th e P A g P s ta te is to r n d o w n . N orm a l P roce s s ing T h e s e c o n c e p ts m u s t b e d e fin e d to a id u n d e rs ta n d in g o f th e p ro to c o l b e h a v io r: A g p orta l o g i c a l p o r t c o m p o s e d o f a l l p h y s i c a l p o r t s i n t h e s a m e a g g r e g a t i o n , i t c a n b e i d e n t i f i e d b y i t s o w n S N M P i f I n d e x . T h e r e f o r e , a n a g p o r t d o e s n o t c o n t a i n n o n -o p e r a t i o n a l p o r t s . C h a nne l a n a g o p e ra tio n a l p o rts e x c lu d in g C D P a re c e iv e p a c k e ts u g re g a tio n s a tis (a g p o rts a re a n d D T P ,r u n a n til P A g P a tta fy su b o c h in g b s v e e s th e e t o f P A g th e ir fo rm a tio n c rite c h a n n e ls ) .P r o P o v e r th e a g p a g p o rts to o n e ria ; it to c o ls o r ts .N o r m o th e re fo re in c lu d in g o n e o f th re p h y s ic c o u S T e se a l p ld c o n ta in n o n P a n d V T P ,b u t p ro to c o ls c a n s e n d o r o rts . a n

G roup C a p a b il ity e a c h p h y s i c a l p o r t a n d a g p o r t p o s s e s s e s a c o n f i g u r a t i o n p a r a m e t e r c a l l e d t h e g r o u p -c a p a b i l i t y . A p h y s i c a l p o r t c a n b e a g g r e g a t e d w i t h a n o t h e r p h y s i c a l p o r t i f a n d o n l y i f t h e y h a v e t h e s a m e g r o u p -c a p a b i l i t y . A g g re g a tion P roce dure w h e n a p h y s i c a l p o r t r e a c h e s t h e U p D a t a o r U p P A g P s t a t e s , i t i s a tta c h e d to a n a p p r o p r ia te a g p o r t.W h e n it le a v e s e ith e r o f th o s e s ta te s f o r a n o th e r s ta te ,it is d e ta c h e d fro m th e a g p o rt. D e fin itio n s o f th e s ta te s a n d c re a tio n p ro c e d u re s a re g iv e n in th is ta b le : S ta te
U p D a t a

B i D i r

E x a c tly o n e P A g P p ro v e s a b id ire c tio o n e n e ig h b o r .T h e a n y a g p o r t.P A g P re c e iv e d .

N o p a c c o n p a s

P A g P p a c k e ts h a v e b k e ts a r e s e n t.T h e p h y n e c te d to its a g p o r t.N s e d in a n d o u t b e tw e e

M e a ning e e n s ic o n n p

p a c k e t h a s b e e n n a l c o n n e c tio n e p h y s ic a l p o rt is p a c k e ts a re s e n t

re c e a l p o -P A g h y s ic

iv e d .P A g P rt is th e o n ly o n e P p a c k e ts a re a l p o rt a n d a g p o rt. re c e iv e d th a t x is ts to e x a c tly n o t c o n n e c te d to a n d c a n b e

T h is p h y s ic a l p o r t,p e r h a p s in a s s o c ia tio n w ith o th e r p h y s ic a l p o r ts ,is c o n n e c te d to a n a g p o r t. h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 44 o f 10 9 P A g P p a c k e ts a re s e n t a n d re c e iv e d o n th e p h y s ic a l p o r t . N o n -P A g P p a c k e t s a r e p a s s e d i n a n d o u t b e tw e e n p h y s ic a l p o rt a n d a g p o rt.

U p P A g P

B o th e n d s o f b o th c o n n e c tio n s m u s t a g r e e o n w h a t th e g r o u p in g is g o in g to b e ,d e fin e d a s th e la rg e s t g ro u p o f p o rts in th e a g p o rt th a t is p e rm itte d b y b o th e n d s o f th e c o n n e c tio n . W p o (A c o a n h e n a rts th n y su n s titu a g p o p h y s ic a l p o r t r e a c h e s th e U p P A g P s ta te ,it is a s s ig n e d to th e a a t m a t c h t h e g r o u p -c a p a b i l i t y o f t h e n e w p h y s i c a l p o r t a n d t h c h B iD ir p o rts a re m o v e d to th e U p P A g P s ta te a t th e s a m e tim e n t p h y s ic a l p o rt p a ra m e te rs a re c o m p a tib le w ith th e n e w ly r rt w ith s u ita b le p a ra m e te rs th a t h a s n o a s s o c ia te d p h y s ic a l p o tim e o fro m t a re r f o n e u t th e m p h c a n o e a g p o v e d y s ic a c c u r o n th o r t.A t th e .T h is e n a l p o rt a t a e la s sa m b le s tim e g p o rt th a t a re in e .) I f t h e a d y p h rts . a t h a s m e m b e th e B i D i r o r e re is n o a g p o y s ic a l p o r t,it r p h y s ic a l U p P A g P s ta te s . rt w h o se is a s s ig n e d to

A P A g P re m o v e d tim e d o u in s te a d o

t n e ig h b o r k n o w n o n th e p h y s ic a l p o r t.T h e p o r t tim in g o u t is e tim e ,a ll p h y s ic a l p o r ts o n th e s a m e a g p o r t w h o s e tim e r s h a v e a ls o a n a g p o rt w h o s e o th e r e n d h a s d ie d to b e to rn d o w n a ll a t o n c e , .

B e h a v ior in F a il ure If [G lin c o a n a lin k in a B IC ] re m k s w ith in n tin u e s to o th e r u p d n e x is tin o v e d ,o r o n e se c o se n d o n a te to th e g c h a n n e l is f a ile d ,( f o r e f ib e r b r o k e n ) ,th e a g p o r t n d .A n y tr a f f ic th a t d o e s th e s a m e lin k ) d o e s n o t s a g p o r t,a n d tr a f f ic is h a s e n a lin k fa ils ,th e r e n e e d to a n n e l,th e lo g to S p a n n in g T d a ta a g a in . in a c h a n b e tw o p ic a l a g p o r e e .T h is x a m is u n o t u ffe h e d n e l h y s rt is m e p le ,p o r t u n p lu g g p d a te d a n d th e tra n e e d to b e re h a s h r a n y lo s s .R e s to r a g a in . d u e to ic a l p o to rn d a n s tra e d ,G ig a b it I n ffic is h a s h e d e d a fte r th e fa a tio n o f th e fa o r th e n e l.I f o rig in is c a rd re o n a l e d te r o v ilu ile fa c e C e r th e re (tra d lin k o n v re m ffic trig e rte r a in in g th a t g e rs u le c a n b e m th e re s th e p o rt

N ote : T h e b e h a v i o r w h d if f e r e n t.B y d e f in itio n s y s t e m i n a t w o -p o r t c h in itia liz e d w ith re s p e c t to b e c o m e a v a ila b le to

a p o w e r -o f f rts to a c h a n o w n a n d th e ffic c a n b e d

m o v a l e p o rt p h y s ic u n til S

o f a m o d is lo s t fro a l p o rt is T P a llo w

T h e r e i s a n e x c e p t i o n t o t h i s r u l e o n t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 . I n v e r s i o n s e a r l i e r t h a n C a t O S 6.3, a n a g p o r t is n o t to r n d o w n d u r in g m o d u le r e m o v a l if th e c h a n n e l is c o m p r is e d o f p o r ts o n m o d u le s 1a n d 2 o n ly . T h th e s ta re m is d iffe re c a n te d ,it a in u n re n c e in b e a n S T is im p o r d is tu rb e th e P T ta n t d th tw C to ro o fa ilu re m o N to c o n s id e m a n a g e e a c u g h a fa ilu re d e s is im p o r ta n t w h e n m a in te n a n c e o f a n e tw o r k is p la n n e d ,a s r w h e n p e r f o r m i n g a n o n -l i n e r e m o v a l o r i n s e r t i o n o f a m o d u l e . A s h p h y s ic a l lin k in th e c h a n n e l w ith th e N M S s in c e th e a g p o rt c a n .

T h e s e a r e s u g g e s t e d s t e p s i n o r d e r t o m i t i g a t e a n u n w a n t e d t o p o l o g y c h a n g e o n t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 : If a s in g le p o rt is u s e d p e r m o d u le to fo rm p o rts o r m o re to ta l). a c h a n n e l,th r e e o r m o r e m o d u le s m u s t b e u s e d ( th r e e

I f th e c h a n n e l s p a n s tw o m o d u le s ,tw o p o r ts o n e a c h m o d u le m u s t b e u s e d ( f o u r p o r ts to ta l) . I f a t w o -p o r t c h a n n e l i s n e e d e d a c r o s s t w o c a r d s , u s e o n l y t h e S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e p o r t s .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 45 o f 10 9 U p g r a d e t o C a t O S 6.3, w h i c h h a n d l e s m o d u l e r e m o v a l w i t h o u t S T P r e c a l c u l a t i o n f o r c h a n n e l s s p lit a c ro s s m o d u le s . C onf ig ura tion O p tions E th e r C h a n n e ls c a n b e c o n f ig u r e d in d if f e r e n t m o d e s ,a s s u m m a r iz e d in th is ta b le : M ode
O n

P A g c h a n p o rt m o d

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T h e p o rt is n o t c h a n n e lin g re g a rd le s s o f h o w th e n e ig h b o r is c o n fig u re d .

P n o t in o p e ra tio n e lin g re g a rd le s is c o n f ig u r e d .I f e is o n ,a c h a n n e

C onf ig ura b l e O p tions n .T s o f th e l is h e p h o w n e ig fo rm

o rt is th e n e ig h b o r h b o r p o rt e d .

A u t o ( d e f a u l t )

A g g re g a tio n is u n d e r c o n tr p r o to c o l.P la c e s a p o r t in to n e g o t i a t i n g s ta te ,a n d n o a re s e n t o n th e in te rfa c e u n P A g P p a c k e t is re c e iv e d th th e s e n d e r is o p e ra tin g in d

o l o f th e P a p a s s iv e P A g P p a c til a t le a s t a t in d ic a te

A g P

k e ts o n e s th a t e s i r a b l e m o d e .

D e s i r a b l e

A g g re g a tio n is u n d e r c o n tro l o f th e P A g P p r o to c o l.P la c e s a p o r t in to a n a c tiv e n e g o t i a t i n g s ta te ,in w h ic h th e p o r t in itia te s n e g o tia tio n s w ith o th e r p o rts b y s e n d in g P A g P p a c k e ts .A c h a n n e l is f o r m e d w ith a n o th e r p o rt g ro u p in e ith e r d e s ira b le o r a u to m o d e .

N o n -s i l e n t

(d e fa u lt o n C a ta ly s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 fib e r F E a n d G E p o rts )

A n a u t o o r d e s i r a b l e m o d e k e y w o r d .I f n o d a ta p a c k e ts a re re c e iv e d o n th e in te r f a c e ,th e n th e in te r f a c e is n e v e r a tta c h e d to a n a g p o rt a n d c a n n o t b e u s e d fo r d a ta .T h is b id ir e c tio n a lity c h e c k w a s p r o v i d e d f o r s p e c i f i c C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 h a rd w a re a s s o m e lin k fa ilu re s re s u lt in th e c h a n n e l b e in g b r o k e n a p a r t.B e c a u s e n o n s i l e n t m o d e is e n a b le d ,a r e c o v e r in g n e ig h b o r p o rt is n e v e r a llo w e d to c o m e b a c k u p a n d b re a k th e c h a n n e l a p a rt u n n e c e s s a r ily .M o r e f le x ib le b u n d lin g a n d im p ro v e d b id ire c tio n a lity c h e c k s a re p r e s e n t b y d e f a u l t i n C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 s e r i e s h a r d w a r e . 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 46 o f 10 9 A n a u t o o r d e s i r a b l e m o d e k e y w o r d .I f n o d a ta p a c k e ts a re re c e iv e d o n th e i n t e r f a c e , a f t e r a 15 s e c o n d t i m e o u t p e r i o d , th e in te rfa c e is a tta c h e d b y its e lf to a n a g p o rt a n d c a n th u s b e u s e d fo r d a ta tr a n s m is s io n .S i l e n t m o d e a ls o a llo w s f o r c h a n n e l o p e ra tio n w h e n th e p a rtn e r c a n b e a n a n a ly z e r o r s e rv e r th a t n e v e r s e n d s P A g P . v e f a i l -o v k e n fib e r e r c o n tin lo o p s c a n s e ttin g s a e r .W h e n a o r c a b le ,f o u e s to tra n s a ls o fo rm ffe c t p o rt r e x a m it d b e c a u h o w p o rts re a c t to s itu a tio n s th a t c a u s e u n id ire c tio is u n a b le to tra n s m it (b e c a u s e o f a fa ile d p h y s ic a l m p le ) ,th is c a n s till le a v e th e n e ig h b o r p o r t in a n o a ta ,b u t d a ta is lo s t,a s r e tu r n tr a f f ic c a n n o t b e r e c e s e o f th e u n id ire c tio n a l n a tu re o f th e lin k . n a l tra ffic o r s u b la y e r p e ra tio n a l iv e d .

S i l e n t

(d e fa u lt o C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 450 0 / 40 0 p o rts a n d 550 0 / 50 0 c o p p e r p o 0 0 T h e s i l e h o w th e y [P H Y ] o r s ta te .T h e S p a n n in g

n a ll 0 a n d

rts )

n t / n o n -s i l e n t

a c h ie a b ro p a rtn T re e

S o m e f i b e r p o r t s h a v e t h e d e s i r e d c a p a b i l i t y o f b r i n g i n g t h e p o r t t o a n o n -o p e r a t i o n a l s t a t e w h e n i t l o s e s i t s r e c e i v e s i g n a l ( F E F I ) . T h i s c a u s e s t h e p a r t n e r p o r t t o g o n o n -o p e r a t i o n a l a n d e f f e c t i v e l y c a u s e s t h e p o rts a t b o th e n d s o f th e lin k to g o d o w n . W h e n u s in g d e v ic e s th n o n -s i l e n t m o d e m u is p re s e n t a n d th e lin k l i n k i s a r o u n d 3.5 * 30 P A g P m e s s a g e s .U D L W h e n b e c o m fo r th o L 1F E u s in e c o se p F I a g d e v ic n n e c te d o rts th a n d U D L e s th a n d t c a n D ,s a t tra n s m st b e u se is v e rifie se c o n d s D is re c o a t d o p d e ile n it d a ta (s u c h a s B P D U d in o rd e r to a llo w th e d to b e b id ir e c tio n a l.T = 10 5 s e c o n d s , w h e r e m m e n d e d a s a m o re ra a n s l re p re is u m it g a r se n se d a n y d le s c e o b y s ) a n d c a n n o t d e te c t u n id ire c tio n a l c o n d itio n s , p o r t s t o r e m a i n n o n -o p e r a t i o n a l u n t i l r e c e i v e d a t a h e tim e it ta k e s fo r P A g P to d e te c t a u n id ire c tio n a l 30 s e c o n d s i s t h e t i m e b e t w e e n t w o s u c c e s s i v e p i d d e t e c t o r t o u n i -d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k s .

o n o t tr e ra tio n a te c t th e t m o d e

d a ta , s i l e n t m o d e m u s t b e u s e d .T h is f o r c e s th e p o r t to s o f w h e th e r r e c e iv e d d a ta is p r e s e n t o r n o t.A d d itio n a lly , f a u n id ire c tio n a l c o n d itio n ,s u c h a s n e w e r p la tfo rm s u s in g d e fa u lt.

V e rif ica tion is ta b c o n n p o rts p o rts le e c o o d e p ic te d s w n th e c n th e c ts a itc h h a n h a n su m m e s (S n e lin n e lin a ry w itc g s id g s id o f a ll th e p o s s ib le P A g P c h a n n e lin g m o d e s c e n a rio s b e tw e e n tw o d ire c tly h -A a n d S w i t c h -B ) . S o m e o f t h e s e c o m b i n a t i o n s c a n c a u s e S T P t o p u t t h e e in to th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te ( th a t is ,s o m e o f th e c o m b in a tio n s s h u t d o w n th e e ). C h a nne l S ta te
C h a n n e l N o t N o t N o t

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(e rrd is a b le ) (e rrd is a b le )

C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 47 o f 10 9

O n O f f O f f O f f O f f A u t o A u t o A u t o A u t o D e s i r a b l e D e s i r a b l e D e s i r a b l e D e s i r a b l e D e s i r a b l e O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e

(e rrd is a b le )
N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t P A g P N o t N o t

(e rrd is a b le )

C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

(e rrd is a b le )

(e rrd is a b le )
P A g P P A g P

R e com m e nda tion C is c o re m o d e .T re c o m m 650 0 / 60 A s d fo r r fo r c ta k e T h e c o h e e n 0 0 m m e p re f d a tio a n d n d s e rre n is 450 th a t P A g P b e d m e th o d is to to le a v e th e s 0 / 40 0 0 s w i t c h e n a b le d o n a ll s w itc h se t d e s i r a b l e m o d e i l e n t / n o n -s i l e n t k e s , n o n -s i l e n t o n C -t o -s a t b e y w a ta ly w itc h o th e n o rd a t s t 550 c h a n n d s o f d e fa u 0 / 50 0 e l c o n n e c a lin k .T h lt -s i l e n 0 fib e r p o tio n s ,a v o id in g o n e a d d itio n a l t o n C a ta ly s t rts . rts is o t to h its e 50 s e t. h e b e lf c o lp fu l u se d c a n n d s.

is c u s s e d in th is d o c u m e n t,T h e e x p lic it c o n f ig u r a tio n a p i d d a t a f o r w a r d i n g . W a i t i n g u p t o 15 s e c o n d s f o r P h a n n e lin g m u s t b e a v o id e d ,e s p e c ia lly s in c e th e p o r t 30 s e c o n d s t o a l l o w d a t a f o r w a r d i n g , p l u s p o t e n t i a l l y s e t p ort h os t c o m m a n d i s d i s c u s s e d i n m o r e d e t a i l i n

set p or t chan n el set p or t chan n el !--- P o r t s n o t port range mod e of f c h a n n e l e d ; p a r t o f t h e

o f c h a A g P to is th e n 5s e c o th e S T

n n e lin g o ff o tim e o u t o n a h a n d e d o v e r n d s fo r D T P P s e c tio n o f

n a ll o th e r p o p o rt th a t is n to S T P ,w h ic fo r a to ta l o f th is d o c u m e n

port range mod e d esi r ab l e s et port h os tc o m m a n d .

T h i s c o m m a n d a s s i g n s c h a n n e l s a n a dm in g roup n u m b e r , s e e n w i t h a s h ow ch a nne l g roup c o m m a n d . A d d itio n a n d re m o v a l o f c h a n n e lin g p o rts to th e s a m e a g p o rt c a n th e n b e m a n a g e d b y th e a d m in n u m b e r if d e s ire d . O th e r O p tions A n o th e r c o m m o n c o n fig u ra tio n fo r c u s to m e rs w h o h a v e a m o d e l o f m in im a l a d m in is tra tio n a t th e a c c e s s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 48 o f 10 9 la y e r is to s e t th e m o d e to d e s i r a b l e a t th e d is tr ib u tio n a n d c o r e la y e r s ,a n d le a v e th e a c c e s s la y e r s w itc h e s a t th e d e fa u lt a u t o c o n fig u ra tio n . W h e n c h a n n e l i n g t o d e v i c e s t h a t d o n o t s u p p o r t P A g P , t h e c h a n n e l n e e d s t o b e h a r d -c o d e d o n . T h i s a p p lie s to d e v ic e s s u c h a s s e r v e r s ,L o c a l D ir e c to r ,c o n te n t s w itc h e s ,r o u te r s ,s w itc h e s w ith o ld e r s o f t w a r e , C a t a l y s t X L s w i t c h e s , a n d C a t a l y s t 8540 s . I s s u e t h i s c o m m a n d :
set p or t chan n el port range mod e on

T h e n e w 80 2.3a d I E E E L A C P s t a n d a r d , a v a i l a b l e i n C a t O S 7.x , w i l l l i k e l y s u p e r s e d e P A g P i n t h e l o n g t e r m b e c a u s e i t b r i n g s t h e b e n e f i t o f c r o s s -p l a t f o r m a n d v e n d o r i n t e r o p e r a b i l i t y . L ink A g g re g a tion C ontrol P rotocol L A C P is a p ro to c o l th a t a llo w s p o rts w ith n e g o tia tio n w ith a d jo in in g s w itc h e s .P A g s w itc h e s a n d th o s e s w itc h e s th a t a re re le a 80 2.3a d , a l l o w s C i s c o s w i t c h e s t o m a n a g s p e c i f i c a t i o n . C a t O S 7.x s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e s im ila P is a C se d b y e E th e r s in tro d r c h a is c o lic e n n e t c u c e d ra c te ris tic s to fo rm -p r o p r i e t a r y p r o t o c s e d v e n d o r s .B u t L h a n n e lin g w ith d e v L A C P s u p p o rt. a c h a n n e l th ro o l th a t c a n b e r A C P ,w h ic h is ic e s th a t c o n fo u g h d u n o n d e fin rm to y n ly e d th a m ic o n C is c o in IE E E e 80 2.3a d

T h e r e is v e r y little d if f e r e n c e b e tw e e n L A C P a n d P A g P f r o m a f u n c tio n a l p e r s p e c tiv e .B o th p r o to c o ls s u p p o rt a m a x im u m o f e ig h t p o rts in e a c h c h a n n e l,a n d th e s a m e p o rt p ro p e rtie s a re c h e c k e d b e fo re th e f o r m a tio n o f th e b u n d le .T h e s e p o r t p r o p e r tie s in c lu d e : S p e e d D u p le x N a tiv e V L A N T ru n k in g ty p e T h e n o ta b le d iffe re n c e s b e tw e e n L A C P a n d P A g P a re : L A C P c a n r u n o n l y o n f u l l -d u p l e x p o r t s , a n d L A C P d o e s n o t s u p p o r t h a l f -d u p l e x p o r t s . L A C P s u p p o rts h c o m p a tib le p o rts If L A C P is n o t a b a c tiv e ly in c lu d e d f a ils .A n e x a m p le re m o te s y s te m h a N ote : I n C e ig h t.I n C E th e rC h a n p o rts c a n b a tO S ,th e is c o IO S n e l,u p to e c o n fig u m S o th re o t s ta n d b y p o r ts .L A C P a lw a y s tr ie s to c o in a c h a n n e l,u p to th e m a x im u m n u m b e r le to a g g re g a te a ll th e p o rts th a t a re c o m p in th e c h a n n e l a re p u t in h o t s ta n d b y s ta te o f a s itu a tio n in w h ic h L A C P c a n n o t a g g s m o r e -r e s t r i c t i v e h a r d w a r e l i m i t a t i o n s . n fig u re th e m a x im u m n u th a t th e h a rd w a re a llo w s a tib le ,a ll th e p o r ts th a t c a n d u s e d o n ly if o n e o f re g a te a ll th e c o m p a tib le m b e r o f (e ig h t p o rts ). a n n o t b e th e u s e d p o rts p o rts is if th e

a x im u m n u m b f tw a r e ,L A C P e m a x im u m n u d a s h o t s ta n d b

e r o f p o rts th a t th e s a m e a d m in is tra tiv e k e y c a n b e a s s ig n e d is trie s to c o n fig u re th e m a x im u m n u m b e r o f c o m p a tib le p o rts in a n m b e r th a t th e h a r d w a r e a llo w s ( e ig h t p o r ts ) .A n a d d itio n a l e ig h t y p o rts .

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 49 o f 10 9 T h e L A C P c o n tr o ls e a c h in d iv id u a l p h y s ic a l ( o r lo g ic a l) p o r t th a t is to b e b u n d le d .L A C P p a c k e ts a r e s e n t w i t h u s e o f t h e m u l t i c a s t g r o u p M A C a d d r e s s , 01-8 0-c2 -00-00-02 . T h e t y p e / f i e l d v a l u e i s 0 x 880 9 w i t h a s u b t y p e o f 0 x 0 1. H e r e i s a s u m m a r y o f t h e p r o t o c o l o p e r a t i o n : T h e p ro to c o l re lie s o n th e d e v ic e s to a d v e rtis e th e ir a g g re g a tio n c a p a b ilitie s a n d s ta te in fo rm a tio n . T h e t r a n s m i s s i o n s a r e s e n t o n a r e g u l a r , p e r i o d i c b a s i s o n eac h " a g g r e g a t a b l e " l i n k . A s lo n g a s th e p h y s ic a l p o r t is u p ,L A C P p a c k e ts a r e tr a n s m itte d e v e r y s e c o n d d u r in g d e te c tio n a n d e v e r y 30 s e c o n d s i n s t e a d y s t a t e . T h e p a rtn e rs o n a n " a g g re g a ta b le " lin k lis te n to th e in fo rm a tio n th a t is s e n t w ith in th e p ro to c o l a n d d e c id e w h a t a c tio n s to ta k e . C o m p a tib le p o r ts a r e c o n f ig u r e d in a c h a n n e l,u p to th e m a x im u m a llo w s (e ig h t p o rts ). n u m b e r th a t th e h a rd w a re

T h e a g g r e g a t i o n s a r e m a i n t a i n e d b y t h e r e g u l a r , t i m e l y e x c h a n g e o f u p -t o -d a t e s t a t e i n f o r m a t i o n b e tw e e n th e lin k p a r tn e r s .I f th e c o n f ig u r a tio n c h a n g e s ( b e c a u s e o f a lin k f a ilu r e ,f o r e x a m p le ) ,th e p ro to c o l p a rtn e rs tim e o u t a n d ta k e a p p ro p ria te a c tio n o n th e b a s is o f th e n e w s ta te o f th e s y s te m . In a d d itio n to p e rio d ic L A C P d a ta u n it (L A C P D U ) tra n s m is s io n s ,if th e re is a c h a n g e to th e s ta te i n f o r m a t i o n , t h e p r o t o c o l t r a n s m i t s a n e v e n t -d r i v e n L A C P D U t o t h e p a r t n e r . T h e p r o t o c o l p a r t n e r s ta k e th e a p p ro p ria te a c tio n o n th e b a s is o f th e n e w s ta te o f th e s y s te m . L A C P P a ra m e te rs In o rd e r to a llo w L A C P to d e te rm in e if a s e t o f lin k s c o n n e c t to th e s a m e s y s te m a n d if th o s e lin k s a re c o m p a tib le fro m th e p o in t o f v ie w o f a g g re g a tio n ,th e a b ility to e s ta b lis h th e s e p a ra m e te r s is n e c e s s a ry : A g lo b a lly u n iq u e id e n tifie r fo r e a c h s y s te m th a t p a rtic ip a te s in lin k a g g re g a tio n

E a c h s y s te m th a t ru n s L A C P m u s t b e a s s ig n e d a p rio rity th a t c a n b e c h o s e n e ith e r a u to m a tic a lly o r b y t h e a d m i n i s t r a t o r . T h e d e f a u l t s y s t e m p r i o r i t y i s 32768. T h e s y s t e m p r i o r i t y i s m a i n l y u s e d in c o n ju n c tio n w ith th e M A C a d d re s s o f th e s y s te m in o rd e r to fo rm th e s y s te m id e n tifie r. A m e a n s o f id e n tific a tio n o f th e s e t o f c a p a b ilitie s th a t a re a s s o c ia te d w ith e a c h p o rt a n d w ith e a c h a g g r e g a to r ,a s a g iv e n s y s te m u n d e r s ta n d s th e m E a c h p o rt in th e s y s te m m u s t b e a s s ig n e d a p rio rity e ith e r a u to m a tic a lly o r b y th e a d m in is tra to r. T h e d e f a u l t i s 128. T h e p r i o r i t y i s u s e d i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h e p o r t n u m b e r i n o r d e r t o f o r m t h e p o rt id e n tifie r. A m e a n s o f id e n tific a tio n o f a lin k a g g re g a tio n g ro u p a n d its a s s o c ia te d a g g re g a to r T h e a b i l i t y o f a p o r t t o a g g r e g a t e w i t h a n o t h e r i s s u m m a r i z e d b y a s i m p l e 16-b i t i n t e g e r p a r a m e t e r th a t is s tr ic tly g r e a te r th a n z e r o .T h is p a r a m e te r is c a lle d th e " k e y " .D if f e r e n t f a c to r s d e te r m in e e a c h k e y ,s u c h a s : T h e p o r t p h y s ic a l c h a r a c te r is tic s ,w h ic h in c lu d e :

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 50 o f 10 9 D a ta ra te D u p le x ity P o i n t -t o -p o i n t o r s h a r e d m e d i u m C o n fig u ra tio n c o n s tra in ts th a t th e n e tw o rk a d m in is tra to r e s ta b lis h e s T w o k e y s a re a s s o c ia te d w ith e a c h p o rt: A n a d m i n i s t r a t i v e k e y T h i s k e y a l l o w s f o r t h e m a n i p u l a t i o n o f k e y v a l u e s b y t h e m a n a g e m e n t.A u s e r c a n c h o o s e th is k e y . A n o p e r a t i o n a l k e y T h e s y s t e m u s e s t h i s k e y i n o r d e r t o f o r m c h o o s e o r d ire c tly c h a n g e th is k e y . a g g r e g a tio n s .A u s e r c a n n o t

T h e s e t o f p o rts in a s y s te m th a t s h a re th e s a m e o p e ra tio n a l k e y v a lu e a re s a id to b e m e m b e rs o f th e s a m e k e y g ro u p . If a g sy th y o u g re g s te m e sy s h a v e tw o s y s te a te th e p o r ts .E .T h is b e h a v io te m h a s a s s ig n m s a a c h r is p e d ,a n d a se t o f s y s te m s ta r o s s ib le b e c n d its p a rtn p o ts a u e r rts fro se p r w ith th th e p e a c h sy io r ity ,w m e sa m o rt w s te m h ic h e ith k n w a d m in is th e h ig o w s its a s d is c o tra h e o w v e tiv e k e y ,e a c h s y s te m tr ie s to s t p r i o r i t y i n t h e h i g h e s t -p r i o r i t y n p r io r ity ,w h ic h e ith e r th e u s e r o r re d th ro u g h L A C P p a c k e ts .

B e h a v ior in F a il ure F a ilu r e b e h a v io r f o r L A C P is th e s a m e a s th e b e h a v io r f o r P A g P .I f a lin k in a n e x is tin g c h a n n e l is f a ile d ,th e a g p o r t is u p d a te d a n d th e tr a f f ic is h a s h e d o v e r th e r e m a in in g lin k s w ith in o n e s e c o n d .A lin k c a n fa il fo r th e s e a n d o th e r re a s o n s : A p o rt is u n p lu g g e d A G B IC is re m o v e d A fib e r is b ro k e n H a rd w a re fa ilu re (in te rfa c e o r m o d u le ) A n y tra ffic th a t d o e s n o t n e e d to b e re h a s h e d a fte r th e fa ilu re (tra ffic th a t c o n tin u e s to s e n d o n th e s a m e lin k ) d o e s n o t s u f f e r a n y lo s s .R e s to r a tio n o f th e f a ile d lin k tr ig g e r s a n o th e r u p d a te to th e a g p o r t,a n d tra ffic is h a s h e d a g a in . C onf ig ura tion O p tions L A C P E th e r C h a n n e ls c a n b e c o n f ig u r e d in d if f e r e n t m o d e s ,a s th is ta b le s u m m a r iz e s : M ode C onf ig ura b l e O p tions T h e lin k a g g re g a tio n is fo rc e d to b e fo rm e d h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 51 o f 10 9 w ith o u t a n n e ith e r s e n a n y in c o m p o rt m o d e y L A d s th in g L is o n C P e L A C ,a n e g o tia A C P p a P p a c k e c h a n n e l tio n .T h e c k e t n o r p t.I f th e n is fo rm e d s w itc h ro c e sse s e ig h b o r .

O n

O f f

T h e p o r t is n o t c h a n n e lin g ,r e g a r d le s s o f h o w th e n e ig h b o r is c o n fig u re d . T h is is s im s w itc h d o e u n d e rs ta n d (in a c t i v e s e n d in g o u re c e iv e s a n e v e n tu a lly th e p e e r.

P a s s i v e ( d e f a u l t )

ila r to th e a u t o m o d e in P A g P .T h e s n o t in itia te th e c h a n n e l,b u t d o e s in c o m in g L A C P p a c k e ts .T h e p e e r s ta te ) in itia te s n e g o tia tio n b y t a n L A C P p a c k e t.T h e s w itc h d r e p lie s to th e p a c k e t,a n d fo rm s th e a g g re g a tio n c h a n n e l w ith

A c t i v e

T h is is s im ila P A g P .T h e s w o rd e r to fo rm fo rm e d if th e o r p a s s i v e m

r to th e d e s i itc h in itia te a n a g lin k .T o th e r e n d ru o d e .

r a b l e m s th e n e g h e lin k a n s in L A

o d e in o tia tio n in g g re g a te is C P a c t i v e

V e rif ica tion ( L A C P a nd L A C P ) T h e b e tw c a u s th e c ta b e e e S o m le in th n tw o d T P to p b in a tio is ir u n s e c tio e c tly c t th e p s sh u t n d e p ic ts o n n e c te d o rts o n th d o w n th e a s sw e c p o u m m a ry o itc h e s (S w h a n n e lin g rts o n th e f a ll itc h s id e c h a n th -A in n e e p o a n d to th lin g s s ib S w e e s id le L A C P c h a n n e lin g m o d e s c e n a rio s i t c h -B ) . S o m e o f t h e s e c o m b i n a t i o n s c a n r r d i s a b l e s ta te .T h is m e a n s th a t s o m e o f e .

S w itch -A C h a nne l M ode

O n O n O n O n O f f O n

S w itch -B C h a nne l M ode

S w itch -A C h a nne l S ta te L A C P )
N o t N o t N o t N o t C h a n n e l

O f f P a s s i v e A c t i v e O f f

(e rrd is a b le ) (e rrd is a b le ) (e rrd is a b le )

C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

(n o n - C h a n n e l ( n o n -L A C P )
N o t C h a n n e l N o t C h a n n e l N o t C h a n n e l N o t C h a n n e l N o t

S w itch -B C h a nne l S ta te

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 52 o f 10 9

O f f O f f P a s s i v e P a s s i v e A c t i v e P a s s i v e A c t i v e P a s s i v e A c t i v e A c t i v e N o t N o t N o t L A C P L A C P C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l N o t C h a n n e l N o t C h a n n e l L A C P C h a n n e l L A C P C h a n n e l

V e rif ica tion ( L A C P a nd P A g P ) T h e sc e n c o m m e a ta b le in a rio s b e b in a tio n n s th a t s th is s e c tio n d e tw e e n tw o d ire s c a n c a u se S T o m e o f th e c o m S w itch -B C h a nne l M ode
O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e O n O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e O n

p ic ts a s u m c tly c o n n e P to p u t th b in a tio n s

m a ry o c te d s w e p o rts sh u t d o

f a ll th itc h e s o n th e w n th e

e p o ss (S w itc c h a n n p o rts

ib le L A C P h -A a n d S e lin g s id e o n th e c h a

-t o -P A w i t c h -B in to th e n n e lin g

g P c h a n n e lin g m o d e ) .S o m e o f th e s e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te .T h is s id e .

S w itch -A C h a nne l M ode

O n O n O n O n O f f O f f O f f O f f P a s s i v e P a s s i v e P a s s i v e P a s s i v e A c t i v e

S w itch -A C h a nne l S ta te
C h a n n e l N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t

S w itch -B C h a nne l S ta te
C h a n n e l N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t N o t

( n o n -L A C P ) (e rrd is a b le ) (e rrd is a b le ) (e rrd is a b le )

C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

( n o n -P A g P )
C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

(e rrd is a b le )

(e rrd is a b le )

(e rrd is a b le )

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 53 o f 10 9

A c t i v e A c t i v e A c t i v e O f f A u t o D e s i r a b l e N o t N o t N o t C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l N o t N o t N o t C h a n n e l C h a n n e l C h a n n e l

R e com m e nda tion C is c c h a n o f L P A g o re c o n e l to A C P a P ,y o u m m e n d s d e v ic e s c t i v e o n e e d to th a t y o u e n a b le P A g P o n th a t d o n o t s u p p o rt P A g P n b o th e n d s o f th e d e v ic e h a rd c o d e th e c h a n n e l to

l acp

c h a n n e l c o n n e c tio n s b e tw e e n C is c o s w itc h e s .W h e n y o u b u t s u p p o rt L A C P ,e n a b le L A C P th ro u g h th e c o n fig u ra tio n s .I f e ith e r e n d o f th e d e v ic e s d o e s n o t s u p p o r t L A C P o r o n .

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a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 a n d a C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 u s e c h ,d o n o t r u n L A C P .I n o r d e r to c o n f ig u r e p o r ts to c o l o n th e m o d u le s to L A C P .L A C P a n d P A g P th a t ru n C a tO S .

set p or t l acp -chan n el

port_ range ad m i n-k ey

A n a dm in k e y ( a d m i n i s t r a t i v e k e y ) p a r a m e t e r i s e x c h a n g e d i n t h e L A C P p a c k e t . A c h a n n e l o n l y f o r m s b e t w e e n p o r t s t h a t h a v e t h e s a m e a d m i n k e y . T h e s e t p ort l a cp -ch a nne l p o r t _ r ang e ad mi n-k ey c o m m a n d a s s i g n s c h a n n e l s a n a d m i n k e y n u m b e r . T h e s h ow l a cp -ch a nne l g roup c o m m a n d s h o w s t h e n u m b e r . T h e s e t p ort l a cp -ch a nne l p o r t _ r ang e ad mi n-k ey c o m m a n d a s s i g n s th e s a m e a d m in k e y to a ll p o r ts in th e p o r t r a n g e .T h e a d m in k e y is r a n d o m ly a s s ig n e d if a s p e c if ic k e y is n o t c o n f ig u r e d .T h e n ,y o u c a n r e f e r to th e a d m in k e y ,if d e s ir e d ,in o r d e r to m a n a g e th e a d d itio n a n d re m o v a l o f c h a n n e lin g p o rts to th e s a m e a g p o rt.
set p or t l acp -chan n el port_ range mod e acti v e

T h e s e t p ort l a cp -ch a nne l p o r t _ r ang e m ode a ctiv e c o m m a n d c h a n g e s t h e c h a n n e l m o d e t o a c t i v e fo r a s e t o f p o rts th a t w e re p re v io u s ly a s s ig n e d th e s a m e a d m in k e y . A d d i t i o n a l l y , L A C P u t i l i z e s a 30 -s e c o n d i n t e r v a l t i m e r ( E th e r C h a n n e ls a r e e s ta b lis h e d .T h e n u m b e r o f s e c o n d s b in f o r m a tio n w ith th e u s e o f lo n g tim e o u ts ( 3x S lo w _ P e r r a p id d e te c to r o f u n id ir e c tio n a l lin k s .Y o u c a n n o t a d ju s t c o n fig u re th e s w itc h e s to u s e th e fa s t P D U tra n s m is s io n a fte r th e c h a n n e l is fo rm e d . O th e r O p tions I f y o u h a v e a m o d e l o f m in im a l a d m in is tr a tio n a t th e a c c e s s la y e r ,a c o m m o n c o n f ig u r a tio n is to s e t th e m o d e to a c t i v e a t th e d is tr ib u tio n a n d c o r e la y e r s .L e a v e th e a c c e s s la y e r s w itc h e s a t th e d e f a u lt p a s s i v e c o n fig u ra tio n . S lo e fo io d th e (e v w _ P e rio d ic _ T im e ) a fte r th e L re in v a lid a tio n o f re c e iv e d L A i c _ T i m e ) i s 90 . U s e U D L D , w L A C P tim e r s ,a n d to d a y y o u e ry s e c o n d ) in o rd e r to m a in ta A C P C P D h ic h c a n n in th U is a m o re o t e c h a n n e l

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 54 o f 10 9

U nid irec tio na l L ink D etec tio n

U D L D is a u n id ire c tio b id ire c tio n m e c h a n is m C n a a l s is c o l c o m s ta te a re n p r o p r ie ta r y ,lig m u n ic a tio n s b o f tra n s m is s io o t s u f f ic ie n t.T h tw e tw n m h e s e ig h t p ro to e e n d e v ic e e d ia ,lik e F e s c e n a rio s c o l th a t w s .A lth o u g E F I ,th e r e c a n re s u lt a s d h th a re in a e v e lo p e d to d e te e re a re o th e r m e c e rta in in s ta n c e n y o f th e s e o c c u c t in th o d s in rre n s ta n c e s o f s to d e te c t th e w h ic h th e L 1d e te c tio n c e s:

T h e u n p re d ic ta b le o p e ra tio n o f S T P In c o rre c t o r e x c e s s iv e flo o d in g o f p a c k e ts T h e b la c k h o lin g o f tra ffic T h e U D L D fe a tu re is in te n d e d to a d d re s s th e s e fa u lt c o n d itio n s o n fib e r a n d c o p p e r E th e rn e t in te rfa c e s : M o n ito r p h y s ic a l c a b lin g c o n fig u ra tio n s a n d s h u td o w n a n y m is w ire d p o rts a s e r r d i s a b l e . P r o t e c t a g a i n s t u n i -d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k s . W h e n a u n i -d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k i s d e t e c t e d , d u e t o m e d i a o r p o r t/in te r f a c e m a lf u n c tio n ,th e a f f e c te d p o r t is s h u t d o w n a s e r r d i s a b l e ,a n d a c o r r e s p o n d in g s y s lo g m e s s a g e g e n e ra te d . F u r th e r m o r e ,U d o e s n o t lo s e c o c o n n e c tiv ity te s b la c k h o lin g o f D L D a g g re s s iv e m o d e n n e c tiv ity d u rin g c o n g ts a c r o s s th e lin k .T h e tra ffic in c e rta in fa ile d c h e c k s th a e s tio n a n d p rim a ry p u c o n d itio n s t a lin k th a t w a s p re v io u s ly d e e m e d b id ire c tio n a l b e c o m e u n u s a b le .U D L D p e r f o r m s o n g o in g rp o s e o f U D L D a g g re s s iv e m o d e is to a v o id th e .

S p a n n in g T r e e ,w ith its s te a d y s ta te u n id ir e c tio n a l B P D U f lo w ,w a s a n a c u te s u f f e r e r f r o m th e s e f a ilu r e s . I t is e a s y to s e e h o w a p o r t c a n s u d d e n ly b e u n a b le to tr a n s m it B P D U s ,c a u s in g a n S T P s ta te c h a n g e f r o m b l o c k i n g to f o r w a r d i n g o n th e n e ig h b o r .T h is c h a n g e c r e a te s a lo o p ,s in c e th e p o r t is s till a b le to re c e iv e . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w U D L D i s a L 2 p r o t o c o l w o r k i n g a b o v e t h e L L C l a y e r ( d e s t i n a t i o n M A C 0 1-0 0 -0 c -c c -c c -c c , S N A P H D L C p r o t o c o l t y p e 0 x 0 111) . W h e n r u n n i n g U D L D i n c o m b i n a t i o n w i t h F E F I a n d a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n L 1 m e c h a n i s m s , i t i s p o s s i b l e t o v a l i d a t e t h e p h y s i c a l ( L 1) a n d l o g i c a l ( L 2) i n t e g r i t y o f a l i n k . U D L D th e d e d e te c t m e d ia h a s te c tio lo g ic -c o n v p ro v is n a n d a l in te e rte rs io n s fo c a c h in rfa c e /p o r h u b r f e a tu r e s a n d p r o te c tio n th a t F E F I a n d a u to n e g o tia tio n c a n n o t p e r f o r m ,n a m e ly g o f n e ig h b o r in f o r m a tio n ,th e a b ility to s h u td o w n a n y m is c o n n e c te d p o r ts ,a n d o r t m a l f u n c t i o n s o r f a u l t s o n l i n k s t h a t a r e n o t p o i n t -t o -p o i n t ( t h o s e t r a v e r s i n g s).

U D L D e m p l o y s t w o b a s i c m e c h a n i s m s ; i t l e a r n s a b o u t t h e n e i g h b o r s , a n d k e e p s t h e i n f o r m a t i o n u p -t o d a te in a lo c a l c a c h e ,a n d s e n d s a tr a in o f U D L D p r o b e /e c h o ( h e llo ) m e s s a g e s w h e n e v e r it d e te c ts a n e w n e i g h b o r o r w h e n e v e r a n e i g h b o r r e q u e s t s a r e -s y n c h r o n i z a t i o n o f t h e c a c h e . U D L " trig th e e c o n d D c o n s ta n tly s e n g e rin g " U D L D m n d o f th is p ro c e s itio n s ,th e p o r t m d s e s s a u s p ro b e m e ssa g e s o n s a g e is re c e iv e d o n ll v a lid c o n d itio n s a t b e b id ire c tio n a l a n a ll p o rts o n w h ic h U D L D a p o r t,a d e te c tio n p h a s e a r e m e t,th e p o r t s ta te is n o d c o r r e c tly w ir e d .O th e r w is e n a b le d .W h e n e v e r a s p e c if ic n d v a lid a tio n p r o c e s s b e g in s .I f a t t a lte r e d .I n o r d e r to m e e t th e is e ,th e p o r t is e r r d i s a b l e ,a n d a 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 55 o f 10 9 s y s lo g m e s s a g e d is p la y s .T h e s y s lo g m e s s a g e is s im ila r to th e s e m e s s a g e s :

U D L D -3-D I S A B L E : d i s a b l e d U n i d i r e c t i o n a l A l i n k d e t e c t e d l i n k f r o m o n p o r t [ d e c ] / [ d e c ] . t o P o r t p o r t

U D L D -4-O N E W A Y P A T H : [ d e c ] / [ d e c ] o f

u n i d i r e c t i o n a l [ c h a r s ] w a s

p o r t

[ d e c ] / [ d e c ]

d e v i c e

d e t e c t e d

R e f e r t o M e s s a g e s a n d R e c o v e r y P r o c e d u r e s ( C a t a l y s t s e r i e s s w i t c h e s , 7.6) f o r a c o m p l e t e l i s t o f s y s t e m m e s s a g e s b y f a c ility ,w h ic h in c lu d e s U D L D e v e n ts . A f te r a lin k is e s ta b lis h e d a n d c la s s e d a s b id ir e c tio n a l,U D L D c o n tin u e s to a d v e r tis e p r o b e /e c h o m e s s a g e s a t a d e f a u l t i n t e r v a l o f 15 s e c o n d s . T h i s t a b l e r e p r e s e n t s v a l i d U D L D l i n k s t a t e s a s r e p o r t e d i n t h e o u t p u t o f t h e s h ow udl d p ort c o m m a n d : P ort S ta te U n d e te rm in e d N o t a p p lic a b le S h u td o w n B id ire c tio n a l D e te c tio n in p r o g r e s s ,o r a n e ig h b o r in g U D L D e n tity h a s b e e n d is a b le d o r its tra n s m is s io n h a s b e e n b lo c k e d . U D L D h a s b e e n d is a b le d . U n id ire c tio n a l lin k h a s b e e n d e te c te d a n d th e p o rt d is a b le d . B id ire c tio n a l lin k h a s b e e n d e te c te d . e n d s h e U D L D r a m a x e n try is c e s th e llo n e im a g o ld p ro b e /e c h o p a c ig h b o r c a c h e .W u m p e rio d d e fin e d o u t.I f a n e w e r e n try a n d th e k e ts o h e n e e d a s h e llo c o rre n e v e ry v e r a h e th e h o ld m e ssa g s p o n d in C om m e nt

N e ig h b or C a ch e M a inte na nce U D L D p e r i o d i c a l l y s a c tiv e in te r f a c e ,in o r d e r to m a in ta in th e in te g r ity o f th e m e s s a g e is r e c e iv e d ,it is c a c h e d a n d k e p t in m e m o r y f o t i m e . W h e n t h e h o l d -t i m e e x p i r e s , t h e r e s p e c t i v e c a c h e r e c e i v e d w i t h i n t h e h o l d -t i m e p e r i o d , t h e n e w o n e r e p l a t i m e -t o -l i v e t i m e r i s r e s e t . In o rd e r to m d is a b le d o r a c o n fig u ra tio n n e ig h b o rs to a in ta in th e in te g rity d e v ic e is r e s e t,a ll e c h a n g e a re c le a re d flu s h th e c o rre s p o n d o f th e U x is tin g a n d U D in g c a c D c a L h e

llo e is g

L D c a c h e , w h e n e v e r a U D L D -e n a b l e d i n t e r f a c e g e t s c h e e n trie s fo r th e in te rfa c e s a ffe c te d b y th e D tra n s m its a t le a s t o n e m e s s a g e to in fo rm re s p e c tiv e e n trie s . c tio n a lg o rith m . a tio n re q u e s t f th e c o n n e c tio n a c ro s s a ll w in d o w e n d s l,a n d a lin k r e -

E ch o D e te ction M e ch a nis W h e n e v e r a U D L D d e v ic e f r o m a n o u t -o f -s y n c h n e i g h a n d se n d s a b u rst o f e c h o m n e ig h b o r s ,th e e c h o s e n d e r a n d n o v a lid re p ly m e s s a g e e s ta b lis h m e n t o r p o rt s h u td C onv e rg e nce T im e

m t h e e c h o i n g m e c h a n i s m f o r m s t h e b a s i s o f t h e d e t e le a rn s a b o u t a n e w n e ig h b o r o r re c e iv e s a re s y n c h ro n iz b o r,it s ta rts /r e s ta rts th e d e te c tio n w in d o w o n its s id e o e s s a g e s in r e p ly .S in c e th is b e h a v io r m u s t b e th e s a m e e x p e c ts to r e c e iv e e c h o s b a c k in r e p ly .I f th e d e te c tio n h a s b e e n r e c e iv e d ,th e lin k is c o n s id e r e d u n id ir e c tio n a o w n p ro c e s s c a n b e trig g e re d .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 56 o f 10 9 I n o r d e r t o p r e v e n t S T P l o o p s , C a t O S 5.4( 3) r e d u c e d t h e U D L D d e f a u l t m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l f r o m 60 s e c o n d s t o 15 s e c o n d s i n o r d e r t o s h u t d o w n a u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k b e f o r e a b l o c k e d p o r t w a s a b l e t o tra n s itio n to a fo rw a rd in g s ta te . N ote : T h lin k u p o r c o n s is te n c o n fig u re m e ssa g e _ m is s e d .W e m e s s a g e in te rv a l v a lu e d e te rm in e s th e d e te c tio n p h a s e .T h e m e s s a g e in te r v a l d t c o n fig u ra tio n is d e s ira b le w h e re p o s s ib d m e s s a g e in te rv a l is s e n t a n d th e tim e o in te r v a l) .T h e r e f o r e ,a p e e r r e la tio n s h ip ith th e m e s s a g e in te rv a ls d iffe re n t o n e e th a t is n e 4s e c o n d s b e lo w th e c y c le s a n d m in im u m c e ssa ry fo r U D L D ) , o r a b o u t 41 s e c o 50 s e c o n d s t h a t a r if y o u c a re fu lly m o f 7s e c o n d s .T h is ra te a t w h ic h a n e ig h b o r s e n d s U o e s n o t n e e d to m a tc h o n b o th e n le .W h e n U D L D n e ig h b o r s a r e e u t in te rv a l fo r th a t p e e r is c a lc u la tim e s o u t a fte r th re e c o n s e c u tiv e a c h s id e ,th is tim e o u t v a lu e is d if D L d s s ta te d h e fe r D p ro b e s a fte r th e o f a lin k ,a lth o u g h b lis h e d ,th e to b e ( 3* llo s (o r p ro b e s ) a re e n t o n e a c h s id e .

T h e a p p ro x im a te tim * m e s s a g e _ in te rv a l + s e c o n d s .T h is is w e ll C P U h a s so m e sp a re in te rv a l (e v e n ) to th e s ig n ific a n t fa c to r.

t o d e t e c t a u n i d i r e c t i o n a l f a i l u r e i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y ( 2.5 n d s w i t h u s e o f t h e d e f a u l t m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l o f 15 e u s u a lly n e c e s s a r y f o r S T P to r e c o n v e r g e .I f th e N M P o n ito r its u tiliz a tio n le v e l,y o u c a n r e d u c e th e m e s s a g e m e s s a g e in te rv a l h e lp s s p e e d u p th e d e te c tio n b y a

T h e r e f o r e ,U D L D h a s a n c o n v e rg e m o re ra p id ly th f e a tu r e .A ls o c o n s id e r a n R S T P h a s c o n v e rg e n c e c in s ta n c e s ,u s e lo o p g u a r d p re v e n ts S T P lo o p s w ith c o n n e c tio n s o n in d iv id u a d ire c tio n . N ote : d o e s n re c o m C a tO S U D L D o t se n d m e n d s 6.2) i n d o e B P th a t to p s n o D U s y o u o lo g

a ssu m e d a n U D L D a lte rn a te h a ra c te ris in c o n ju n th e s p e e d l E th e rC h

d e p e n d e n c y o n d e f a u lt s p a n n in g tr e e tim e r s .I f y o u tu n e S T P to , c o n s i d e r a n a l t e r n a t e m e c h a n i s m , s u c h a s t h e C a t O S 6.2 l o o p g u a r d m e c h a n i s m w h e n y o u i m p l e m e n t R S T P ( I E E E 80 2.1w ) b e c a u s e tic s in th e m illis e c o n d s ,w h ic h d e p e n d s o n th e to p o lo g y .F o r th e s e c tio n w ith U D L D ,w h ic h p r o v id e s th e m o s t p r o te c tio n .L o o p g u a r d o f th e S T P v e r s io n th a t is in u s e ,a n d U D L D d e te c ts u n id ir e c tio n a l a n n e l lin k s o r in c a s e s in w h ic h B P D U s d o n o t flo w a lo n g th e b ro k e n fa ilu r e s itu a tio n ,s u c h a s fa ilu re s th a t a re c a u s e d b y a C P U th a t th a n ( 2* F w d D e la y + M a x a g e ) .F o r th is r e a s o n ,C is c o in c o n ju n c tio n w ith lo o p g u a rd (w h ic h w a s in tro d u c e d in P .

t c a tc h e v e ry S T P fo r a tim e g re a te r im p le m e n t U D L D ie s th a t re ly o n S T

C a ution: B e w a r e o f e a r l i e r r e l e a s e s o f U D L D t h a t u s e a n o n c o n f i g u r a b l e 60 -s e c o n d d e f a u l t m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l . T h e s e r e l e a s e s a r e s u s c e p t i b l e t o s p a n n i n g -t r e e l o o p c o n d i t i o n s . U D L D A g g re s s iv e M ode A g g re s s iv e U D L D w a s c re a te d in o rd e r to s p e c ific a lly a d d re s s th o s e (fe w ) c a s e s in w h ic h a n o n g o in g te s t o f b id ir e c tio n a l c o n n e c tiv ity is n e c e s s a r y .A s s u c h ,th e a g g r e s s iv e m o d e f e a tu r e p r o v id e s e n h a n c e d p ro te c tio n a g a in s t d a n g e ro u s u n id ire c tio n a l lin k c o n d itio n s in th e s e s itu a tio n s : W h e n th e lo s s o f U D L D P D U s is s y m m e tr ic a l a n d b o th e n d s tim e o u t,n e ith e r p o r t is e r r d is a b le d . O n e s id e o f a lin k h a s a p o rt s tu c k (b o th tra n s m it [T x ] a n d R x ). O n e s id e o f a lin k re m a in s u p w h ile th e o th e r s id e o f th e lin k h a s g o n e d o w n . A u t o n e g o t i a t i o n , o r a n o t h e r L 1 f a u l t -d e t e c t i o n m e c h a n i s m , i s d i s a b l e d .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 57 o f 10 9 A r e d u c tio n o f th e r e lia n c e o n L 1F E F I m e c h a n is m s is d e s ir a b le . M a x i m u m p r o t e c t i o n a g a i n s t u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k f a i l u r e s o n p o i n t -t o -p o i n t F E / G E l i n k s i s n e c e s s a r y . S p e c i f i c a l l y , w h e r e n o f a i l u r e b e t w e e n t w o n e i g h b o r s i s a d m i s s i b l e , U D L D -a g g r e s s i v e p r o b e s c a n b e c o n s i d e r e d a s a h e a r t b e a t , t h e p r e s e n c e o f w h i c h g u a r a n t e e s t h e h e a l t h o f t h e l i n k . T h e m o st c o m m c o n n e c tiv ity c h m e c h a n is m is d P A g P /L A C P ,e U D L D h a s th e o n c a s e c k o n is a b le d v e n if e a d d e d b e fo r a n im a m e m b e r o r u n u sa b n a b le d ,d o e n e fit o f p p le m o f a le .T n o t re v e e n ta tio n o f a g b u n d le w h e n a h is is p a rtic u la u s e v e ry lo w h n tio n o f p o s s ib g re s s iv e U D L D u to n e g o tia tio n o rly tru e w ith E th e llo tim e rs a t s te l e s p a n n i n g -t r e e is in o rd e r to p r a n o th e r L 1f a e rC h a n n e l c o n a d y s ta te .I n th lo o p s . e rfo rm th u l t -d e t e c n e c tio n s is c a s e ,a e tio n b e c a u se g g re s s iv e

T h e c irc u m s ta n c e s th a t c o n trib u te to th e s y m m e tric a l lo s s o f U D L D p ro b e p a c k e ts a re m o re d iffic u lt to c h a r a c te r iz e .Y o u m u s t u n d e r s ta n d th a t n o r m a l U D L D d o e s c h e c k f o r a u n id ir e c tio n a l lin k c o n d itio n , e v e n a f te r a lin k r e a c h e s b id ir e c tio n a l s ta tu s .T h e in te n tio n o f U D L D is to d e te c t L 2p r o b le m s th a t c a u s e S T P lo o p s ,a n d th o s e p r o b le m s a r e u s u a lly u n id ir e c tio n a l b e c a u s e B P D U s f lo w o n ly in o n e d ir e c tio n a t s te a d y s ta te .T h e r e f o r e ,th e u s e o f n o r m a l U D L D in c o n ju n c tio n w ith a u to n e g o tia tio n a n d lo o p g u a r d ( f o r n e tw o r k s th a t r e ly o n S T P ) is a lm o s t a lw a y s s u f f ic ie n t.H o w e v e r ,U D L D a g g r e s s iv e m o d e is b e n e f ic ia l in s itu a tio n s in w h ic h c o n g e s tio n is e q u a lly a f f e c te d in b o th d ir e c tio n s ,w h ic h c a u s e s th e lo s s o f U D L D p r o b e s in b o th d ir e c tio n s .F o r e x a m p le ,th is lo s s o f U D L D p r o b e s c a n o c c u r if C P U u tiliz a tio n o n e a c h e n d o f th e lin k is e le v a te d .O th e r e x a m p le s o f b id ire c tio n a l lo s s o f c o n n e c tiv ity in c lu d e th e fa u lt o f o n e o f th e s e d e v ic e s : A D e n s e W a v e le n g th D iv is io n M u ltip le x in g (D W D M ) tra n s p o n d e r A m e d ia c o n v e rte r A h u b A n o th e r L 1d e v ic e N ote : T h e f a u l t c a n n o t b e d e t e c t e d b y a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n . A g g re s s iv e U w h e n y o u e n c o n v e r te r s ,h fo rw a rd in g o A fte r a ll th e n lin k u p s e q u e n ta k e s p la c e in fa ile d re trie s ) D L D a b le U u b s ,o f U D L e rro r d is a b le s th e p o D L D a g g re s s iv e m o r s im ila r d e v ic e s a re D p a c k e ts a n d fo rc e rs o n e f th e k is rt d e n o a in th e s e f o n lin k s t p o i n t -t o lin k to b e a ilu re th a t a -p o i n sh u t L D a a n y p tio n p d " ,th s itu a tio n s .C o n s id e r th e r a m if ic a tio n s c a r e f u lly r e n o t p o i n t -t o -p o i n t . L i n k s w i t h m e d i a t.I n te r m e d ia te d e v ic e s c a n p r e v e n t th e d o w n u n n e c e s s a rily . g g re o te n h a se e p o s s iv e m o tia lly o u .I f a f te r rt is th e n d e (if t -o f -s y a fa st p u t in it is e n c n e tra in to e r n a b le d ) re s ta rts th e ig h b o r s .T h is e f f o r t o f m e s s a g e s (e ig h t r d i s a b l e s ta te .

e ig h b o c e in a e ith e r th e lin

f a p o r t h a v e a g e d o u t,U D fo rt to re s y n c h ro n iz e w ith a d v e rtis e m e n t o r th e d e te c s till d e e m e d " u n d e te rm in e

N ote : S o m e s w i t c h e s a r e n o t a g g r e s s i v e U D L D -c a p a b l e . C u r r e n t l y , t h e C a t a l y s t 290 0 X L a n d C a t a l y s t 350 0 X L h a v e h a r d -c o d e d m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l s o f 60 s e c o n d s . T h i s i n t e r v a l i s n o t c o n s i d e r e d s u f f i c i e n t l y fa s t to p ro te c t a g a in s t p o te n tia l S T P lo o p s (w ith u s e o f th e d e fa u lt S T P p a ra m e te rs ). U D L D on R oute d L ink s F o r th e p u r p o s e o f th is d is c u s s io n ,a r o u te d lin k is o n e o f tw o c o n n e c tio n ty p e s : h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 58 o f 10 9 P o i n t -t o -p o i n t b e t w e e n t w o r o u t e r n o d e s T h i s l i n k i s c o n f i g u r e d w i t h a 30 -b i t s u b n e t m a s k . A V L A N w ith m u ltip le p o rts b u t th a t s u p p o rts o n ly ro u te d c o n n e c tio n s A n e x a m p le is a s p lit L 2c o r e to p o lo g y . E a c h a n a re S h o h In te rio r d le s n e ig h re le v a n t w rte s t P a th G a te w a y R o u tin g b o r re la tio n s h ip s h e n y o u c o n tra s t F irs t (O S P F ) P ro P ro a n d tw o to c o to c ro u o f l a n o l (IG te c o th e m d E n R P n v e o re h a n ) h a s u n iq r g e n c e .T h p re v a le n t c e d IG R P u e e ro (E c h a ra c te ris tic s w ith re s p e c t to h o w it c h a r a c te r is tic s ,w h ic h th is s e c tio n d is c u s s e s , u tin g p r o to c o ls th a t a r e u s e d to d a y ,O p e n IG R P ). n e th a tu e s tw a t re th o rk re V L A N sy n c h e L 3V s u lts tra n ro n iz L A N in th s itio e s th in te e a n s e L rfa lm o s t im m e d ia te to a n o t2a n d L 3p o r t c e in a n u p /d o w n 40 r e re

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L 1o r L 2f a ilu r e o n a n y p o 3c o n n e c tio n .B e c a u s e th e p o n t h e L 1/ L 2 f a i l u r e , t h e M a te ly tw o s e c o n d s .T h is s y e p ro to c o l d o w n ).

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A s s u m e d e f a u l t t i m e r v a l u e s . O S P F s e n d s h e l l o m e s s a g e s e v e r y 10 s e c o n d s a n d h a s a d e a d i n t e r v a l o f s e c o n d s ( 4 * h e l l o ) . T h e s e t i m e r s a r e c o n s i s t e n t f o r O S P F p o i n t -t o -p o i n t a n d b r o a d c a s t n e t w o r k s . B e c a u s e O S P F r e q u i r e s t w o -w a y c o m m u n i c a t i o n i n o r d e r t o f o r m a n a d j a c e n c y , t h e w o r s t -c a s e f a i l o v e t i m e i s 40 s e c o n d s . T h i s f a i l o v e r i s t h e c a s e e v e n i f t h e L 1/ L 2 f a i l u r e i s n o t p u r e o n a p o i n t -t o -p o i n t c o n n e c t i o n , w h i c h l e a v e s a h a l f -o p e r a t i o n a l s c e n a r i o w i t h w h i c h t h e L 3 p r o t o c o l m u s t d e a l . B e c a u s e t h d e t e c t i o n t i m e o f U D L D i s v e r y s i m i l a r t o t h e t i m e o f a n O S P F d e a d t i m e r t h a t e x p i r e s ( a b o u t 40 s e c o n d s ) , t h e a d v a n t a g e s o f c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f U D L D n o r m a l m o d e o n a n O S P F L 3 p o i n t -t o -p o i n t l i n k a lim ite d . I n m a n y c a s e s ,E I G R P c o m m u n ic a tio n is n o t n h a l f -o p e r a t i o n a l f a i l u r e o th e r e v e n t m a k e s th e r c irc u m s ta n c e s th a t th is e rro r d is a b le s th e p o rt. c o e c sc o u se n v e rg e e ssa ry e n a rio te s b y c tio n n s fa s te r th a n in o rd e r fo r s ,E I G R P is w a y o f th a t o te s .U D L D O S P F .H o w e v e r ,y o u m u s t n o n e ig h b o rs to e x c h a n g e ro u tin g v u ln e ra b le to th e b la c k h o lin g n e ig h b o r " a c tiv e " .U D L D n o r m n o rm a l m o d e d e te c ts th e u n id te th a t tw in fo rm a o f tra ffic a l m o d e ire c tio n a

o -w a y tio n .I n v e r y s p e c if ic th a t la s ts u n til s o m e c a n a lle v ia te th e l lin k fa ilu re a n d

F o r L 3-r o u t e d c o n n e c t i o n s t h a t u s e a n y r o u t i n g p r o t o c o l , U D L D n o r m a l s t i l l p r o v i d e s p r o t e c t i o n a g a i n s t is s u e s u p o n in itia l lin k a c tiv a tio n .S u c h is s u e s in c lu d e m is c a b lin g o r f a u lty h a r d w a r e .A d d itio n a lly , U D L D a g g r e s s i v e m o d e p r o v i d e s t h e s e a d v a n t a g e s o n L 3-r o u t e d c o n n e c t i o n s : P re v e n ts th e u n n e c e s s a ry b la c k h o lin g o f tra ffic N ote : M i n i m u m tim e rs a re re q u ire d in s o m e c a s e s .

P la c e s a fla p p in g lin k in to th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te P ro te c ts a g a in s t lo o p s th a t re s u lt fro m D e f a ul t B e h a v ior of U D L D U D L D is d is a b le d g lo b a lly a n d e n a b le d in re a d in e s s o n fib e r p o rts b y d e fa u lt.B e c a u s e U D L D is a n h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7 L 3E th e r C h a n n e l c o n f ig u r a tio n s

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 59 o f 10 9 in f r a s tr u c tu r e p r o to c o l th a t is n e c e s s a r y b e tw e e n s w itc h e s o n ly ,U D L D is d is a b le d b y d e f a u lt o n c o p p e r p o r ts .C o p p e r p o r ts te n d to b e u s e d f o r h o s t a c c e s s . N ote : U D L D m u s t b e e n a b l e d g l o b a l l y a n d a t t h e i n t e r f a c e l e v e l b e f o r e n e i g h b o r s c a n a c h i e v e b i d i r e c t i o n a l s t a t u s . I n C a t O S 5.4( 3) a n d l a t e r , t h e d e f a u l t m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l i s 15 s e c o n d s a n d i s c o n f i g u r a b l e b e t w e e n 7 a n d 90 s e c o n d s . E rrd is a b le re c o v e ry is g e r r d i s a b l e s ta te ,th e p 30 0 s e c o n d s , w h i c h i s a a p o r t r e -e n a b l e m e n t i f e rrdis a b l e -tim e out mo lo b a lly d is o r t i s r e -e n g lo b a l tim y o u s e t th e d /p o r t dis a a b le d b y a b le d a u e r a n d m e rrd is a b b le c o m d e f a u lt.A f te r it is e n a b le d to m a tic a lly a fte r a s e le c te d a in ta in e d fo r a ll p o rts in a le tim e o u t fo r th a t p o rt to d m a n d . g lo b a lly ,if tim e in te rv s w itc h .Y o u i s a b l e .I s s a p o a l.T c a n u e th rt h e m e g o d a n se e s e fa u a tp in to u lt tim e is lly p re v e n t ort

N ote : U s e o f t h i s c o m m a n d d e p e n d s o n y o u r s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n . C o n s id e r u s e o f th e e rrd is a b le tim e o u t fe a tu re w h e n y o u im p le m e n t U D L D a g g re s s iv e m o d e w ith n o o u t -o f -b a n d n e t w o r k m a n a g e m e n t c a p a b i l i t i e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y i n t h e a c c e s s l a y e r o r o n a n y d e v i c e t h a t c a n b e c o m e is o la te d fro m th e n e tw o rk in th e e v e n t o f a n e rrd is a b le s itu a tio n . R e f e r t o C o n f i g u r i n g E t h e r n e t , F a s t E t h e r n e t , G i g a b i t E t h e r n e t , a n d 10 -G i g a b i t E t h e r n e t S w i t c h i n g f o r m o re d e ta ils o n h o w to c o n fig u re a tim e o u t p e rio d fo r p o rts th a t a re in th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te . R e com m e nda tion N o rm a l m o d e U D L D is s u ffic ie n t in th e v a s t m a jo rity o f c a s e s if y o u u s e it p ro p e rly a n d in c o n ju n c tio n w ith th e a p p r o p r ia te f e a tu r e s a n d p r o to c o ls .T h e s e f e a tu r e s /p r o to c o ls in c lu d e : F E F I A u to n e g o tia tio n L o o p g u a rd W h e n y o u d e p lo y U D L D ,c o n s id e r if a n o n g o in g te s t o f b id ir e c tio n a l c o n n e c tiv ity ( a g g r e s s iv e m o d e ) is n e c e s s a r y .T y p ic a lly ,if a u to n e g o tia tio n is e n a b le d ,a g g r e s s iv e m o d e is n o t n e c e s s a r y b e c a u s e a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n c o m p e n s a t e s f o r t h e f a u l t d e t e c t i o n a t L 1. C is c o C is c o a ssu m g u a rd n e tw o re c o m m s w itc h e e s th e d in n e tw rk s in w e n d s in e fa u o rk s h ic h s th e e n a w h ic h th l t 80 2.1d th a t re ly th e re a r b le e U sp o n e o m e n t D L D a n n in S T P n e o r o f U D m e ss g tre e fo r re m o re L D a g e tim d u n p o r n o rm in te rv e r s .A d a n c y ts in th a l m o a l is s d d itio a n d c e S T P d e e t n a o n b o n a l l p o i n t -t o -p o i n t t o t h e 15-s e c o n d d e f a lly ,u s e U D L D in c o n v e r g e n c e .T h is r e c o m lo c k in g s ta te in th e to F E /G E u lt.T h ju n c tio m e n d a p o lo g y lin k is c o n w tio n . s b e tw e e n n fig u ra tio n ith lo o p a p p lie s to

Is s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o rd e r to e n a b le U D L D :
set u d l d en ab l e g l o b a l e n a b l e m e n t , a l l F E a n d h a v e U D L D e n a b l e d b y d e f a u l t . G E f i b e r !--- A f t e r !--- p o r t s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 60 o f 10 9

set u d l d !--- T h i s en ab l e port range i s f o r a d d i t i o n a l s p e c i f i c p o r t s a n d c o p p e r m e d i a , i f n e e d e d .

Y o u m u s t m a n u a lly e n a b le p o r ts th a t a r e e r r o r d is a b le d b e c a u s e o f u n id ir e c tio n a l lin k s y m p to m s .I s s u e t h e s e t p ort e na b l e c o m m a n d . R e fe r to U n d e rs ta n d in g a n d C o n fig u rin g th e U n id ire c tio n a l L in k D e te c tio n P ro to c o l (U D L D ) F e a tu re fo r m o re d e ta ils . O th e r O p tions F o r m a x im u m p ro te c tio n a g a in s t s y m p to m s th a t re s u lt fro m m o d e U D L D :
set u d l d ag g r essi v e-mod e en ab l e port_ range

u n id ir e c tio n a l lin k s ,c o n f ig u r e a g g r e s s iv e

A d d i t i o n a l l y , y o u c a n t u n e t h e U D L D m e s s a g e i n t e r v a l v a l u e b e t w e e n 7 a n d 90 s e c o n d s a t e a c h e n d , w h e r e s u p p o r te d ,f o r f a s te r c o n v e r g e n c e :
set u d l d i n ter v al ti m e

C o n s id e r u s e o f th e e rrd is a b le tim e o u t fe a tu re o n a n y d e v ic e th a t c a n b e c o m e is o la te d fro m th e n e tw o rk in th e e v e n t o f a n e r r d is a b le s itu a tio n .T h is s itu a tio n is ty p ic a lly tr u e o f th e a c c e s s la y e r a n d w h e n y o u i m p l e m e n t U D L D a g g r e s s i v e m o d e w i t h n o o u t -o f -b a n d n e t w o r k m a n a g e m e n t c a p a b i l i t i e s . I f a p o r t is p la c e d in e r r d i s a b l e s ta te ,th e p o r t r e m a in s d o w n b y d e f a u lt.Y o u c a n is s u e th is c o m m a n d , w h i c h r e -e n a b l e s p o r t s a f t e r a t i m e o u t i n t e r v a l : N ote : T h e t i m e o u t i n t e r v a l i s 30 0 s e c o n d s b y d e f a u l t .
>set er r d i sab l e-ti meou t en ab l e ? b p d u -g u a r d !--- T h i s i s B P D U p o r t -g u a r d .

c h a n n e l -m i s c o n f i g !--- T h i s i s a c h a n n e l m i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

d u p l e x -m i s m a t c h u d l d o t h e r !--- T h e s e a l l a r e o t h e r r e a s o n s .

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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 61 o f 10 9

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I f t h e p a r t n e r d e v i c e i s n o t U D L D -c a p a b l e , s u c h a s a n e n d h o s t o r r o u t e r , d o n o t r u n t h e p r o t o c o l . I s s u e th is c o m m a n d :
set u d l d d i sab l e port_ range

T e s t a nd M onitor U D L D U D L D is d e fe c tiv e th a t a re u fib e r in o O th e rw is m o v e s to m o v e s to n o t e a s y to te s t w ith o u t a g e n u in e ly fa u lty /u n id ire c G B I C . T h e p r o t o c o l w a s d e s i g n e d t o d e t e c t l e s s -c o s u a lly e m p lo y e d in a la b .F o r e x a m p le ,if y o u p e r f o r d e r to s e e th e d e s ir e d e r r d i s a b l e s ta te ,y o u n e e d e ,th e p h y s ic a l p o r t g o e s d o w n ,w h ic h r e s e ts U D L D th e u n d e te r m in e d s ta te in U D L D n o r m a l.I f y o u u s th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te . tio n a m m o rm a to h a m e s e U D l c o m p o n e n t in th e la b ,s u n fa ilu re s c e n a rio s th a n th s im p le te s t a n d u n p lu g o n v e tu r n e d o f f L 1a u to n e g o s a g e c o m m u n ic a tio n .T h e L D a g g r e s s iv e m o d e ,th e c h a s a o s e s c e n a rio s e s tra n d o f a tia tio n . re m o te e n d re m o te e n d

T h e r e i s a n a d d i t i o n a l t e s t m e t h o d t o s i m u l a t e n e i g h b o r P D U l o s s f o r U D L D . U s e M A C -l a y e r f i l t e r s i n o rd e r to b lo c k th e U D L D /C D P h a rd w a re a d d re s s b u t a llo w o th e r a d d re s s e s to p a s s . I n o r d e r to m o n ito r U D L D ,is s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s :

>show u d l d U D L D M e s s a g e I n t e r v a l p or t 3 /1 : : e n a b l e d 15 s e c o n d s

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U D L D : e n a b l e d M e s s a g e I n t e r v a l : 15 s e c o n d s P o r t A d m i n S t a t u s A g g r e s s i v e M o d e -------- ------------ --------------3/ 1 e n a b l e d d i s a b l e d

L i n k S t a t e ---------------b i d i r e c t i o n a l

A ls o fro m U D L D c a c in o rd e r to a ll P D U s /B id e n tity c h

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m o d e ,y o u c a n is s u e th n ts (in th e w a y th a t C D t h e r e i s a p r o t o c o l -s p e r e ty p ic a lly a f f e c te d .T ro o t/d e s ig n a te d p o rt p

n ei g hb or 3 /1

e h i d d e n s h ow P d o e s ) .A c o c ific a n o m a ly h e r e f o r e ,c h e c la c e m e n t c h a n

udl d ne ig h b or c o m m m p a ris o n o f th e U D L D is o f te n u s e f u l.W h e n e k S T P a ls o .F o r e x a m p g e s.

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P o r t D e v i c e N a m e D e v i c e I D P o r t -I D O p e r S t a t e ----- --------------------- ------------ ------- ---------3/ 1 T S C 0 7 117 119 M ( S w i t c h ) 0 0 0 c 8 6 a 50 433 3/ 1 b i d i r e c t i o n a l

F u r th e r m o r e ,y o u c a n m o n ito r th e U D L D s ta tu s a n d c o n f ig u r a tio n c o n s is te n c y w ith u s e o f th e C is c o U D L D S N M P M IB v a ria b le s .

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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 62 o f 10 9

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T h e d e fa in c lu d e s th e s ta n d a n d to s u T u n n e lin u lt M a x im u m G E a n d 10 G a rd E th e rn e t p p o rt a p p lic a g P ro to c o l V T ra n E .T h fra m e tio n s e rs io n s m is s io n U n it (M T U ) fra m e s iz e e ju m b o fra m e fe a tu re e n a b le s in s iz e .T h e f e a tu r e is u s e f u l in o r d s u c h a s M u l t i -P r o t o c o l L a b e l S w 3 ( L 2T P v 3) , w h i c h i n c r e a s e t h e i s 1518 b y te rfa c e s to e r to o p tim itc h in g (M s iz e o f th e te s f o r a ll E th e r n e t p o r ts ,w h ic h s w itc h fra m e s th a t a re la rg e r th a n i z e s e r v e r -t o -s e r v e r p e r f o r m a n c e P L S ) , 80 2.1Q t u n n e l i n g , a n d L 2 o rig in a l fra m e s .

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h fra re f th e a s e I E E E 80 2.3 s t a m e s a n d 1522 b y e rre d to a s " b a b y s p e c ifie d E th e rn ju m b o fra m e s . n d a te s g ia e t m rd s p e c ific a f o r 80 2.1Q n ts " .I n g e n a x im u m le tio n d e fin e n c a p s u la e r a l,p a c k n g th fo r a e s a m a x te d fra m e ts a re c s p e c ific im u m E th e rn e e s . T h e 80 2.1Q la s s ifie d a s g ia E th e rn e t c o n n t f r a m e s i z e o f 1518 b e n c a p s u la te d fra m e s n t fra m e s w h e n th e p a e c tio n .G ia n t p a c k e ts y te s fo r a re so m c k e ts e x a re a ls o re g u la r e tim e s c e e d k n o w n

T h e r e a r e v a r i o u s r e a s o n s w h y t h e M T U s i z e o f c e r t a i n f r a m e s c a n e x c e e d 1518 b y t e s . T h e s e a r e s o m e o f th e e x a m p le s : V e n d o r -s p o u ts id e o f th a t h a v e b in c re a s e th e c i f i c r e q u i r e m e n t s A p p l i c a t i o n s a n d c e r t a i n N I C s c a n s p e c i f y a n M T U s i z e t h a t i s t h e s t a n d a r d 150 0 b y t e s . T h e t e n d e n c y t o s p e c i f y s u c h M T U s i z e s i s b e c a u s e o f s t u d i e s e e n u n d e r ta k e n ,w h ic h p r o v e th a t a n in c r e a s e in th e s iz e o f a n E th e r n e t f r a m e c a n e a v e ra g e th ro u g h p u t.

T r u n k i n g I n o r d e r t o c a r r y V L A N I D i n f o r m a t i o n b e t w e e n s w i t c h e s o r o t h e r n e t w o r k d e v i c e s , tr u n k in g h a s b e e n e m p lo y e d to a u g m e n t th e s ta n d a r d E th e r n e t f r a m e .T o d a y ,th e tw o m o s t c o m m o n f o r m s o f t r u n k i n g a r e t h e C i s c o p r o p r i e t a r y I S L e n c a p s u l a t i o n a n d I E E E 80 2.1Q . M P L p a c k p a c k s ta c k S A e t.T h e t.T h is fo fte r M P is a u g m e to ta l s r m e d ,th L S is e n a b le d e n ta tio n d e p e iz e o f a la b e l e fra m e s c a n o n d is e x n a n s o n 4b y c e e d in te rfa th e n u te s .T h th e M c e ,it h a s th e p o te n tia l to a u g m e n t th e f r a m e s iz e o f a m b e r o f l a b e l s i n t h e l a b e l s t a c k f o r a n M P L S -t a g g e d e to ta l s iz e o f a la b e l s ta c k is nx 4b y te s .I f a la b e l T U .

80 2.1Q t u n n e l i n g 80 2.1Q t u n n e l i n g p a c k e t s c o n t a i n t w o 80 2.1Q t a g s , o f w h i c h o n l y o n e t a g a t a tim e is u s u a lly v is ib le to th e h a r d w a r e .T h e r e f o r e ,th e in te r n a l ta g a d d s 4b y te s to th e M T U v a lu e (p a y lo a d s iz e ). U n iv e rs fo rw a rd b y te s .T L 2h e a d a l e d h e e r T ra n s o v e r n e w .T h e p o rt I th e IP fra m e L 2T P n te rfa n e tw in c lu v 3p a c e (U o r k .T d e s a y lo a d T I ) / L 2T P v 3U T I / L 2T P v 3 e n h e e n c a p s u la tio n c a n in c re a s e n e w I P h e a d e r ( 20 -b y t e ) , a n L c o n s is ts o f th e c o m p le te L 2f r c a th 2T a m p s u la te s L 2d a ta th a t a r e to e o rig in a l fra m e s iz e b y u p P v 3 h e a d e r ( 12-b y t e ) , a n d e ,w h ic h in c lu d e s th e L 2h b e t o 50 a n e w e a d e r.

T h e a b ility o f th e d iffe re n t C a ta ly s t s w itc h e s to s u p p o rt v a rio u s fra m e s iz e s d e p e n d s o n m a n y fa c to rs , w h ic h in c lu d e th e h a r d w a r e a n d s o f tw a r e .C e r ta in m o d u le s c a n s u p p o r t la r g e r f r a m e s iz e s th a n o th e r s , e v e n w ith in th e s a m e p la tfo rm . T h e C W h e n 10 / 10 su p p o a ta ly s th e ju 0 -M b p rte d is t 550 0 / 50 0 0 m b o fra m e s s u n s h ie ld e d o n l y 80 92 b sw fe a tw y te itc h e s p ro v id e s u p p o rt fo r ju m tu r e is e n a b le d o n a p o r t,th e i s t e d p a i r ( U T P ) -b a s e d l i n e c s .T h is lim ita tio n is a n A S I C b o M T a rd lim fra m U s iz s ,th e ita tio e in e in m a n .T t h e C a t O S 6.1 r e l e a s e . c r e a s e s t o 9216 b y t e s . O n x im u m fra m e s iz e th a t is h e re a re g e n e ra lly n o 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 63 o f 10 9 r e s tr ic tio n s in th e e n a b le m e n t o f th e ju m b o f r a m e s iz e f e a tu r e .Y o u c a n u s e th is f e a tu r e w ith tru n k in g /n o n tru n k in g a n d c h a n n e lin g /n o n c h a n n e lin g . T h e C a t a l y s t 40 0 0 s w i t c h e s ( S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e 1 [ W S -X 40 12] a n d S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e 2 [ W S X 40 13] ) d o n o t s u p p o r t j u m b o f r a m e s b e c a u s e o f a n A S I C l i m i t a t i o n . H o w e v e r , t h e e x c e p t i o n i s 80 2.1Q t r u n k i n g . T h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 s e r i e s p l a t f o r m c a n s u p p o r t j u m b o la te r .H o w e v e r ,th is s u p p o r t is d e p e n d e n t o n th e ty p e g e n e ra lly n o re s tric tio n s in th e e n a b le m e n t o f th e ju m fe a tu re w ith tru n k in g /n o n tru n k in g a n d c h a n n e lin g /n o b y te s a fte r ju m b o fra m e s u p p o rt h a s b e e n e n a b le d o n c o n f ig u r a b le w ith u s e o f C a tO S .H o w e v e r ,C is c o I O S s y s te m j um b om tu c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o o v e r r i d e t h e f r a m e s i z e s i n C a t O S r e l e a s e 6.1( 1) a n d o f lin e c a r d s th a t y o u u s e .T h e r e a r e b o f r a m e s iz e f e a tu r e .Y o u c a n u s e th is n c h a n n e l i n g . T h e d e f a u l t M T U s i z e i s 9216 th e in d iv id u a l p o rt.T h e d e f a u lt M T U is n o t S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 13) E i n t r o d u c e d t h e d e fa u lt M T U .

R e fe r to J u m b o /G ia n t F ra m e S u p p o rt o n C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s C o n fig u ra tio n E x a m p le fo r m o re in fo rm a tio n . T h i s t a b l e d e s c r i b e s t h e M T U s i z e s t h a t a r e s u p p o r t e d b y d i f f e r e n t l i n e c a r d s f o r C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 s e rie s s w itc h e s : N ote : T h e M T U s i z e o r p a c k e t s i z e r e f e r s o n l y t o E t h e r n e t p a y l o a d . D e fa u lt L ine C a rd 9216 b y t e s M T U S iz e

80 92 b y t e s W S -X 6248-R J -45, W S -X 6248A -R J -45 W S (lim ite d b y X 6248-T E L , W S -X 6248A -T E L W S -X 6348th e P H Y R J -45( V ) , W S -X 6348-R J -21( V ) c h ip ) W S -X 6148-R J -45( V ) , W S -X 6148-R J -21( V ) W S -X 6148-45A F , W S -X 6148-21A F W S -X 6148A -R J -45, W S -X 6148A -45A F , W S -X 6148-F E -S F P 910 0 b y t e s ( @ 10 0 M b p s) 9216 b y t e s ( @ 10 M b p s ) 9216 b y t e s 9216 b y t e s

W S -X 6324-10 0 F X -M M , -S M , W S -X 60 2410 F L -M T W S -X 6548-R J -45, W S -X 6548-R J -21, W S X 6524-10 0 F X -M M W S -X 6148X 2-R J -45, W S -X 6148X 2-45A F W S -X 6196-R J -21, W S -X 6196-21A F W S -X 640 8-G B I C , W S X 6316-G E -T X , W S -X 6416-G B I C W S X 6516-G B I C , W S -X 6516A -G B I C , W S X 6816-G B I C U p l i n k s o f S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e 1, 2, 32 a n d 720

9216 b y t e s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 64 o f 10 9 80 92 b y t e s ( @ 10 0 M b p s) 9216 b y t e s ( @ 10 o r 10 0 0 M b p s )

W S -X 6516-G E -T X

W S -X 6148-G E -T X , W S -X 6148V -G E -T X , W S -X 6148-G E -45A F , W S -X 6548-G E -T X , W S -X 6548V -G E -T X , W S -X 6548-G E -45A F W S -X 6148A -G E -T X , W S -X 6148A -G E 45A F , W S -X 650 2-10 G E , W S -X 67x x S e r i e s O S M A T M ( O C 12c )

150 0 b y t e s (ju m b o fra m e n o t s u p p o rte d ) 9216 b y t e s 9216 b y t e s (O C x a n d D S 3) 7673 b y t e s ( T 1/ E 1) 7673 b y t e s (C T 3 T 1/ D S 0 ) 9180 b y t e s

O S M

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9216 b y t e s ( O C 3c P O S ) 7673 b y t e s ( T 1)

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( W S -X 60 66-S L B -A P C )

O S M P O S O C 3c , O C 12c , O C 48c ; O S M D P T O C 48c , O S M G E W A N L a y e r 3 J um b o F ra m e S up p ort W ith C a C a ta ly s t 12.1( 2) E e g re ss V w ire s p e th e re a re tO S th a t ru n s o n 650 0 / 60 0 0 s w i t c a n d la te r w ith th L A N s a re c o n fig e d .I f th e in g r e s s tw o s c e n a rio s : th e h e s e u u re V L

9216 b y t e s (a s o f C S M 3.1( 5) a n d 3.2 ( 1) ) 9216 b y t e s

S u p e rv is o r E n g in e a n d a ls o p r o v id e L 3ju m b o s e o f P F C / M S F C 2, P F C d f o r ju m b o f r a m e s ,a ll A N is c o n fig u re d fo r ju

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o IO S S o ftw a re th a t e s u p p o rt in C is c o I S F C 2, o r l a t e r h a r d w a c k e ts a re h a rd w a re fra m e s a n d th e e g re

r u n s o n th e M S F C ,th e O S S o ftw a re R e le a s e a r e .I f b o th in g r e s s a n d s w itc h e d b y th e P F C a t s s V L A N is n o t c o n fig u re d ,

A j u m b o f r a m e t h a t i s s e n t b y t h e e n d h o s t w i t h t h e D o n 't F r a g m e n t ( D F ) b i t s e t ( f o r p a t h M T U

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 65 o f 10 9 d i s c o v e r y ) T h e p a c k e t i s d r o p p e d a n d a n I n t e r n e t C o n t r o l M e s s a g e P r o t o c o l ( I C M P ) u n r e a c h a b l e is s e n t to th e e n d h o s t w ith th e m e s s a g e c o d e f r a g m e n t n e e d e d a n d D F s e t . A j u m b o f r a m e t h a t i s s e n t b y t h e e n d h o s t w i t h t h e D F b i t n o t s e t P a c k e t s a r e p u n t e d t o M S F C 2/ M S F C 3 t o b e f r a g m e n t e d a n d s w i t c h e d i n s o f t w a r e . T h is ta b le s u m m a r iz e s th e L 3ju m b o s u p p o r t f o r v a r io u s p la tf o r m s : C a t a l y s t 2948G L 3/ 490 8G -L 3 S e r i e s C a t a l y s t 50 0 0 R S M 1/ R S F C 2 L 3 S w itch or M odul e M a x im um L 3 M T U S iz e

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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 66 o f 10 9 in c id e n ta lly a llo w s fo r m o re e ffic ie n t d ire c t m e m o ry a c c e s s (D M A ) tra n s fe rs o n th e h o s ts b e c a u s e s o ftw a re d o e s n o t n e e d a n y m o re in o rd e r to fra g m e n t N F S b lo c k s in to s e p a ra te U D P d a ta g ra m s . R e com m e nda tion W h e n y o u w a n t ju m b o f r a m e s u p p o r t,c o n s tr a in th e u s e o f ju m b o a l l s w i t c h m o d u l e s ( L 2) a n d i n t e r f a c e s ( L 3) s u p p o r t j u m b o f r a m e f r a g m e n ta tio n a n y w h e r e in th e p a th .T h e c o n f ig u r a tio n o f ju m b o s u p p o rte d fra m e le n g th in th e p a th e lim in a te s a n y g a in s th a t a re a b e c a u s e f r a g m e n ta tio n is r e q u ir e d .A s th e ta b le s in th is J u m b o F r a n d lin e c a rd s c a n v a ry w ith re g a rd to th e m a x im u m p a c k e t s iz e s C o n fig u re d e n o m in a r e s id e s .I n c o m m a n d : fra m e s to a s .T h is c o n f fra m e s th a t c h ie v e d b y a m e s e c tio n th a t a re s u p re a s o f th e n e tw o rk w h e re ig u ra tio n p re v e n ts a re la rg e r th a n th e th e u s e o f th e fe a tu re s h o w ,d if f e r e n t p la tf o r m s p o rte d .

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C o n s id e r a tio n s to h e lp c o n tr o l,p r o v is io n ,a n d tr o u b le s h o o t a C a ta ly s t n e tw o r k a r e d is c u s s e d in th is s e c tio n .

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C le a r n e tw o rk tro u b le s h o o tin e s c a la te d to v e n o t b e u n d e re s d ia g r a m s a r e a f u n d a m e n ta l p a r t o f n e tw o r k o p e r a tio n s .T h e y b e c o m e c r itic a l d u r in g g a n d a re th e s in g le m o s t im p o rta n t v e h ic le fo r th e c o m m u n ic a tio n o f in fo rm a tio n w h e n n d o r s a n d p a r tn e r s d u r in g a n o u ta g e .T h e ir p r e p a r a tio n ,r e a d in e s s ,a n d a c c e s s ib ility m u s t tim a te d .

R e com m e nda tion C is c o re c o m m e n d s th a t y o u c re a te th e s e th re e d ia g ra m s : O v e ra l l D ia g a n d lo g ic a l c o h ie ra rc h ic a l d h o w e v e r ,it is ra m e v e n f n n e c tiv ity is e s ig n to d o c u o fte n a g o o d o r th e la im p o rta m e n t e a k n o w le rg e s t n e tw n t.I t c a n b c h la y e r s e d g e o f h o w o rk s e c o p a ra th e ,a d ia m m o n te ly .D d o m a g ra m th a t s h o w fo r e n te rp ris e s u rin g p la n n in g in s lin k to g e th e s th th a a n r th e e n d -t o -e n d p h y s i c a l t h a v e im p le m e n te d a d p ro b le m s o lv in g , a t m a tte rs . 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 67 o f 10 9 P h y s ica l D ia g ra m s c h a n n e l g r o u p s ,p o r t n r o o t b r id g e p r io r ity ,M c le a re r to d e p ic t in te rn c o n n e c te d b y w a y o f a h o w s a ll s w itc h u m b e r s ,s lo ts ,c A C a d d re s s ,a n a l d e v ic e s ,s u c h tru n k . a n d ro u h a s s is ty d b lo c k e a s th e C te r h a rd w a r p e s ,s o f tw a d p o rts p e r a t a l y s t 650 e a n d c a b r e ,V T P d V L A N m 0 / 60 0 0 M lin g o m u st S F .T r u n k s ,lin k a in s ,r o o t b r id b e la b e le d .I t C ,a s a r o u te r s ,s p e e d s , g e ,b a c k u p is o fte n o n a s tic k

L og ica l D ia g ra m s h o w s o n l y L 3 f u n c t i o n a l i t y ( r o u t e r s a s o b j e c t s , V L A N s a s E t h e r n e t s e g m e n t s ) . I P a d d r e s s e s , s u b n e t s , s e c o n d a r y a d d r e s s i n g , H S R P a c t i v e a n d s t a n d b y , a c c e s s -c o r e d is tr ib u tio n la y e r s ,a n d r o u tin g in f o r m a tio n m u s t b e la b e le d .

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D e p e n d i n g o n t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n , t h e s w i t c h i n -b a n d ( i n t e r n a l ) m a n a g e m e n t i n t e r f a c e ( k n o w n a s s c 0 ) c o u ld h a v e to h a n d le th is d a ta : S w itc h m a n a g e m e n t p r o to c o ls s u c h a s S N M P ,T e ln e t,S e c u r e S h e ll P r o to c o l ( S S H ) ,a n d s y s lo g h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 68 o f 10 9 U s e r d a ta s u c h a s b ro a d c a s ts a n d m u ltic a s ts S w itc h c o n tr o l p r o to c o ls s u c h a s S T P B P D U s ,V T P ,D T P ,C D P ,a n d s o o n It is c o m s w itc h e d tra ffic a n s ig n ific a s w itc h in m o n p ra d o m a in d in c re a n c e a n d th e s a m c tic e in th e C is c o a n d c o n ta in s a ll s e s s e c u rity o f th p o te n tia l p ro b le m e V L A N a s u se r m u ltila y e s c 0 in te rfa e s w itc h m s o f u s in g tra ffic . r d c e a n th e s ig n to c o s .T h is h e lp a g e m e n t in e d e fa u lt V n fig u s se p te rfa L A N re a m a n a ra te m a c e s .T h is 1a n d r u a g e m e n a g e m s e c tio n n in g n t V L A N e n t tra ffic n d e s c rib e m a n a g e m th a fro s th e n t t sp a n s a m u se r e tra ffic to th e

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e p r im a r y c o n c e r n o v e r th e u s e o f V L A N 1f o g e n e ra l d o e s n o t n e e d to b e in te rru p te d b y m u c h b y e n d -s t a t i o n s . O l d e r C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 h a r d w in p a r tic u la r ,h a s lim ite d r e s o u r c e s f o r d e a lin g w S u p e r v is o r E n g in e s .I f th e S u p e r v is o r E n g in e C P o c c u p ie d lis te n in g to u n n e c e s s a r y tr a f f ic ,it is p o s c e n a r io ,th is c o u ld le a d to a S p a n n in g T r e e lo o p r u s e r d a ta is th a t th e S u p e rv is o r E n g in e N M P in o f th e m u ltic a s t a n d b ro a d c a s t tra ffic th a t is g e n e ra te d a r e ,th e S u p e r v is o r E n g in e I a n d S u p e r v is o r E n g in e I I ith th is tr a f f ic ,th o u g h th e p r in c ip le a p p lie s to a ll U , b u f f e r , o r i n -b a n d c h a n n e l t o t h e b a c k p l a n e i s f u l l y s s i b l e t h a t c o n t r o l f r a m e s c a n b e m i s s e d . I n a w o r s t -c a s e o r E th e rC h a n n e l fa ilu re .

I f t h e s h ow inte rf a ce a n d s h ow ip s ta ts c o m m a n d s a r e i s s u e d o n t h e C a t a l y s t , t h e y c a n g i v e s o m e i n d i c a t i o n o f t h e p r o p o r t i o n o f b r o a d c a s t t o u n i c a s t t r a f f i c a n d t h e p r o p o r t i o n o f I P t o n o n -I P t r a f f i c ( n o t ty p ic a lly s e e n in m a n a g e m e n t V L A N s ). A fu rth b ig a(h re so u rc o f a s ig th a t th e p ro b le m e r h e a lth id d e n c o m e e rro rs g n ific a n t a S u p e rv is b e c a u se c h e c k f o r o l d e r C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 h a r d w a r e i s t o e x a m i n e t h e o m a n d ) f o r r e s o u r c e e r r o r s ( R s c r c E r r o r s ) ,s im ila r to b u f f e r d r o p s o u p c o n tin u o u s ly ,m e m o r y is n o t a v a ila b le to r e c e iv e s y s te m p a m o u n t o f b r o a d c a s t tr a f f ic in th e m a n a g e m e n t V L A N .A s in g le r o r E n g in e is u n a b le to p r o c e s s a p a c k e t s u c h a s B P D U s ,w h ic h c p r o t o c o l s s u c h a s s p a n n i n g t r e e d o n o t r e -s e n d m i s s e d B P D U s . u t p u t o f s h ow i nb and | in a r o u te r .I f th e s e c k e ts ,p e r h a p s b e c a u s e e so u rc e e rro r c a n m e a n o u ld q u ic k ly b e c o m e a

R e com m e nda tion A s h ig h lig h te d in th e C a t C o n tr o l s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t,V L A N 1is a s p e c ia l V L A N th a t ta g s a n d h a n d le s m o s t o f th e c o n tr o l p la n e tr a f f ic .V L A N 1is e n a b le d o n a ll tr u n k s b y d e f a u lt.W ith la r g e r c a m p u s n e t w o r k s , c a r e n e e d s t o b e t a k e n a b o u t t h e d i a m e t e r o f t h e V L A N 1 S T P dom a in; i n s t a b i l i t y i n o n e p a r t o f t h e n e t w o r k c o u l d a f f e c t V L A N 1, t h e r e b y i n f l u e n c i n g c o n t r o l -p l a n e s t a b i l i t y a n d t h e r e f o r e S T P s t a b i l i t y f o r a l l o t h e r V L A N s . I n C a t O S 5.4 a n d l a t e r , i t h a s b e e n p o s s i b l e t o l i m i t V L A N 1 f r o m c a rry in g u s e r d a ta a n d ru n n in g S T P w ith th is c o m m a n d :
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T h i s d o e s n o t s t o p c o n t r o l p a c k e t s b e i n g s e n t f r o m s w i t c h t o s w i t c h i n V L A N 1, a s s e e n w i t h a n e t w o r k a n a ly z e r .H o w e v e r ,n o d a ta is f o r w a r d e d ,a n d S T P is n o t b e r u n o v e r th is lin k .T h e r e f o r e ,th is te c h n iq u e c a n b e u s e d to b r e a k V L A N 1u p in to s m a lle r f a ilu r e d o m a in s . N ote : I t i s n o t c u r r e n t l y p o s s i b l e t o c l e a r V L A N 1 t r u n k s o n 350 0 s a n d 290 0 X L s . E v e n if c a re h a s b e e n ta k e n w ith th e c a m p u s d e s ig n to c o n s tra in u s e r V L A N s to re la tiv e ly s m a ll s w itc h d o m a in s a n d c o r r e s p o n d in g ly s m a ll f a ilu r e /L 3b o u n d a r ie s ,s o m e c u s to m e r s a r e s till te m p te d to tr e a t th e

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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 69 o f 10 9 m a T h m a m a m a n a g e re n a g n a g n a g e m is e s e m e m e n o ,n e e n t te o r n t n t V L A N c h n ic a is th is V L A N a n d /o r d iffe re n tly l re a s o n th a a q u a lifie d s to th e s a m C a t O S 6.x a n d t a c se c u e ro S S H try to e n tra l rity a r u te d d su p p o c o v e r th e w h o le N M S a p p lic a tio g u m e n t.C is c o r o m a in s tru c tu re rt a s a w a y to in n e tw o rk n m u st b e e c o m m e n a s u se r V c re a se n e w ith a s in g L 2-a d j a c e d s th a t y o u L A N s a n d tw o rk m a n le m a n a n t to th e lim it th c o n s id e a g e m e n g e m e n t s u b n e t. d e v ic e s it e d ia m e te r o f th e r i n g o u t -o f -b a n d t s e c u rity .

O th e r O p tions H o w e v e e x a m p le S p a n n in c lu s te r o r ,th e r e a r e d ,a d e s ir a b le g T r e e .T h is f s w itc h e s .I e s ig n c a n d c o re q u ire n th e s e o n s m m s th d e s id e ra tio n s o n C is c o m a t y o u c o n ig n s ,th e r e fo r th e s e C u ltila y e r d s tra in e a c h c o u ld b e n is c o re c o m m e s ig n is o n e IP s u b n e t/V o tru n k in g c e n d a tio n s th a t a v o id L A N to a o n fig u re d in s o m s th e u s in g le d o w n e se a c to to p o lo g ie s .F o r o f a n a c tiv e c e s s -l a y e r s w i t c h , o r th e a c c e s s la y e r.

T h e re is n o e a s y a n s w e r to th e q u e s tio n o f w h e th e r a s e p a ra te m a n a g e m e n t V L A N b e c re a te d a n d tr u n k in g e n a b le d in o r d e r to c a r r y it b e tw e e n L 2a c c e s s a n d L 3d is tr ib u tio n la y e r s .T h e s e a r e tw o o p tio n s fo r d e s ig n re v ie w w ith y o u r C is c o e n g in e e r: O p tion 1: t r u n k t w o o r t h r e e u n i q u s w itc h .T h is a llo w s f o r a d a ta V L A s till h a s th e b e n e fit th a t S T P is in a c a n e x t r a c o n f i g u r a t i o n s t e p .) I n t h i s a v o i d t h e t e m p o r a r y b l a c k -h o l i n g o ( C a t O S 7.x a n d l a t e r ) o r V L A N A u 5.5[ 9] ) . e V L A N s f r o m t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n l a y e r d o w n t o e a c h a c c e s s -l a y e r N ,a v o ic e V L A N ,a n d a m a n a g e m e n t V L A N ,f o r e x a m p le ,a n d tiv e .( N o te th a t if V L A N 1is c le a r e d f r o m th e tr u n k s ,th e r e is s o lu tio n ,th e r e a r e a ls o d e s ig n p o in ts to c o n s id e r in o r d e r to f ro u te d tra ffic d u rin g fa ilu re re c o v e ry : S T P P o rtF a s t fo r tru n k s to s ta te s y n c h ro n iz a tio n w ith S T P fo rw a rd in g (la te r th a n C a tO S

O p tion 2 : a s i n g l e V L A N f o r d a t a a n d m a n a g e m e n t c o u l d b e a c c e p t a b l e . W i t h n e w e r s w i t c h h a r d w a r e , s u c h a s m o r e p o w e r f u l C P U s a n d c o n t r o l -p l a n e r a t e -l i m i t i n g c o n t r o l s , p l u s a d e s i g n w ith r e la tiv e ly s m a ll b r o a d c a s t d o m a in s a s a d v o c a te d b y th e m u ltila y e r d e s ig n ,th e r e a lity f o r m a n y c u s to m e rs is th a t k e e p in g th e s c 0 in te rfa c e s e p a ra te fro m th e u s e r d a ta is le s s o f a n is s u e th a n it o n c e w a s .A fin a l d e c is io n is p ro b a b ly b e s t ta k e n w ith th e e x a m in a tio n o f th e b ro a d c a s t tra ffic p ro file fo r th a t V L A N a n d a d is c u s s io n o f th e c a p a b ilitie s o f th e s w itc h h a rd w a re w ith y o u r C i s c o e n g i n e e r . I f t h e m a n a g e m e n t V L A N d o e s i n d e e d c o n t a i n a l l u s e r s o n t h a t a c c e s s -l a y e r s w itc h ,th e u s e o f I P in p u t f ilte r s is h ig h ly r e c o m m e n d e d to s e c u r e th e s w itc h f r o m u s e r s ,a s d is c u s s e d in th e S e c u rity C o n fig u ra tio n s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t.

O ut-o f -B a nd M a na g ement
T a k in g h ig h ly n e tw o r e v e n ts th e a rg u m e n ts o a v a ila b le w ith th k s o th a t d e v ic e s o c c u r .T h e s e tw o f th e p re v io u e c o n s tru c tio a re a lw a y s r a p p ro a c h e s s s e c tio n o n e s te p f u r th e r ,n e tw o r k m a n a g e m e n t c a n b e m a d e m o r e n o f a s e p a ra te m a n a g e m e n t in fra s tru c tu re a ro u n d th e p ro d u c tio n e a c h a b l e r e m o t e l y n o m a t t e r w h a t t r a f f i c -d r i v e n o r c o n t r o l -p l a n e a re ty p ic a l:

O u t -o f -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t w i t h a n e x c l u s i v e L A N O u t -o f -B a n d M a n a g e m e n t w i t h t e r m i n a l s e r v e r s O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w E v e r y r o u t e r a n d s w i t c h i n t h e n e t w o r k c a n b e p r o v i d e d w i t h a n o u t -o f -b a n d E t h e r n e t m a n a g e m e n t in te r f a c e o n a m a n a g e m e n t V L A N .O n e E th e r n e t p o r t o n e a c h d e v ic e is c o n f ig u r e d in th e m a n a g e m e n t h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 70 o f 10 9 V L A N a n d c a b le d o u ts id e th e p ro d u c tio n n e tw o rk to a s e p a ra te s w itc h e d m a n a g e m e n t n e tw o rk th ro u g h t h e s c 0 i n t e r f a c e . N o t e t h a t C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 s w i t c h e s h a v e a s p e c i a l m e 1 i n t e r f a c e o n t h e S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e t h a t i s t o b e u s e d f o r o u t -o f -b a n d m a n a g e m e n t o n l y , n o t a s a s w i t c h p o r t . I n a d d itio n ,te r m in a l s e r v e r 360 0 w i t h R J -45-t o -s e r i a l c te rm in a l s e rv e r a ls o a v o id s a u x ilia ry p o rts fo r e v e ry d e s e r v e r t o p r o v i d e d i a l -u p s e R e com m e nda tion W i t h t h i s a r r a n g e m e n t , t w o o u t -o f -b a n d p a t h s t o e v e r y s w i t c h a n d r o u t e r a r e p o s s i b l e i n a d d i t i o n t o n u m e r o u s i n -b a n d p a t h s , t h u s e n a b l i n g h i g h l y -a v a i l a b l e n e t w o r k m a n a g e m e n t . O u t -o f -b a n d i s re s p o n s ib le fo r: O u t -o f -b a n d s e p a r a t e s m a n a g e m e n t t r a f f i c f r o m u s e r d a ta . c o n n e c a b le s to th e n e e v ic e .A rv ic e to tiv ity c a n a c c e s s th d fo r th e c s in g le m o th e o th e r b e a c h ie v e d th r e c o n s o le p o rt o o n fig u ra tio n o f d e m c a n b e c o n d e v ic e s d u rin g o u g h th f e v e ry b a c k u p fig u re d a n e tw o e c o n f i g u r a t i o n a C i s c o 260 ro u te r a n d s w itc h in th e la y s c e n a r io s ,s u c h a s m o d e m s o n th e a u x ilia ry p o rt o f th e rk c o n n e c tiv ity fa ilu re . 0 o r o u t.A o n te rm in a l

O u t -o f -b a n d h a s t h e m a n a g e m e n t I P a d d r e s s i n a s e p a r a t e s u b n e t , V L A N , a n d s w i t c h f o r h i g h e r s e c u rity . O u t -o f -b a n d p r o v i d e s h i g h e r a s s u r a n c e f o r m a n a g e m e n t d a t a d e l i v e r y d u r i n g n e t w o r k f a i l u r e s . O u t -o f -b a n d h a s n o a c t i v e S p a n n i n g T r e e i n m a n a g e m e n t V L A N . R e d u n d a n c y i s n o t c r i t i c a l .

S y stem T ests
B oot-up D ia g nos tics

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 71 o f 10 9 D u r i n g a s y s t e m b o o t -u p , a n u m b e r o f p r o c e s s e s a r e p e r f o r m e d i n o r d e r t o e n s u r e t h a t a r e l i a b l e a n d o p e r a tio n a l p la tf o r m is a v a ila b le s o th a t f a u lty h a r d w a r e d o e s n o t d is r u p t th e n e tw o r k .C a ta ly s t b o o t d i a g n o s t i c s a r e s p l i t b e t w e e n P o w e r -O n S e l f T e s t ( P O S T ) a n d o n l i n e d i a g n o s t i c s . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w D e p e n d in g o n th a n d w h e n a c a rd o f p ro b le m s d e te te s ts c h e c k D R A e p la is h o c te d M ,R tfo r t -s w b u t A M m a n d h a rd w a a p p e d in to th a lo n g e r b o o t ,a n d c a c h e p re c e c h c y c re se o n fig u ra a s s is .A le .T h e s e n c e a n d tio n ,d if f e r e n t h ig h e r le v e l o th re e le v e ls o s iz e a n d in itia d ia g n f d ia g f P O S liz e th o s n o T e m t i c s a r e c a r r i e d o u t a t b o o t -u p s tic s re s u lt in a w id e r n u m b e r d ia g n o s tic s c a n b e s e le c te d (a ll ):

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w B y p a ss N /A P a t t e r n -w r i t i n g te s ts o n th e firs t M B o f D R A M o n ly . P a t t e r n -w r i t i n g te s ts fo r a ll m e m o ry . 3

M in im a l

30

D e f a u l t o n 550 0 / 50 0 0 a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 s e r i e s ; n o t a v a i l a b l e o n 450 0 / 40 0 0 s e rie s . D e f a u l t o n 450 0 / 40 0 0 s e rie s .

N o t a v a ila b le o n 450 0 / 40 0 0 s e r i e s u s i n g C a t O S 5.5 o r e a r l i e r .

C o m p le te

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O nl ine D ia g nos tics T h th e a re T h T h e s e te s ts c h e c k p a c k e t p a th s in te rn r e f o r e s y s t e m -w i d e t e s t s , n o t s i m p p e rfo rm e d firs t fro m th e s ta n d b y e le n g th o f th e d ia g n o s tic s d e p e n d e re a re th re e c a te g o rie s o f te s ts : a lly ly p S u p s o n in th e s w itc h o r t te s ts .O n e rv is o r E n g in th e s y s te m c .I t is im p o r ta n t to C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 e ,a n d a g a in f r o m o n fig u ra tio n (n u m n o te 0 a n d th e p b e r o th a t o n lin e 650 0 / 60 0 0 rim a ry S u p f s lo ts ,m o d d ia sw e rv u le g n o s tic s a re itc h e s ,te s ts is o r E n g in e . s ,p o r ts ) .

L o o p b a c k t e s t p a c k e t s f r o m t h e S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e N M P a r e s e n t t o e a c h p o r t , t h e n r e t u r n e d t o th e N M P a n d e x a m in e d fo r e rro rs . B u n d l i n g t e s t c h a n n e l s o f u p t o e i g h t p o r t s a r e c r e a t e d a n d l o o p b a c k t e s t s p e r f o r m e d t o t h e a g p o rt to v e rify th e h a s h in g to s p e c ific lin k s (re fe r to th e E th e rC h a n n e l s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t fo r fu rth e r in fo rm a tio n ). E n h lin e a re th ro 650 a n c e d A d d re s s R e c o g n itio n E th e r n e t m o d u le L 3r e w r ite c re a te d b e fo re s a m p le p a c k e u g h th e s w itc h in g h a rd w a re 0 / 60 0 0 P F C m o d u l e s a n d n e L o g i c ( E A R L ) t e s t b o t h e n g in e s a r e te s te d .H a r d w ts a re s e n t (fo r e a c h p ro to o n e a c h m o d u le a n d b a c k w e r. th e c e n tra a re fo rw a c o l e n c a p s to th e N M l S u p e rv is o r rd in g e n trie s u la tio n ty p e ) P .T h is is f o E n g in e a n d ro u fro m th r C a ta ly a n d in te d p o rts e N M P st

C o m p le te o n lin e d ia g n o s tic s c a n ta k e a p p r o x im a te ly tw o m in u te s .M in im a l d ia g n o s tic s d o n o t p e r f o r m b u n d l e o r r e w r i t e t e s t i n g o n m o d u l e s o t h e r t h e n t h e S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e , a n d c a n t a k e a p p r o x i m a t e l y 90 se c o n d s.

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 72 o f 10 9 D u rin g a m e m o r y te s t,w h e n a d if fe r e n c e is fo u n d in th e p a tte r n re a d b a c k c o m p a re d to th e p a tte r n w r i t t e n , t h e p o r t s t a t e i s c h a n g e d t o f a u l t y . T h e r e s u l t s o f t h e s e t e s t s c a n b e s e e n i f t h e s h ow te s t c o m m a n d is is s u e d ,f o llo w e d b y th e m o d u le n u m b e r to b e e x a m in e d :

>show test 9 D i a g n o s t i c m o d e : c o m p l e t e ( m o d e a t n e x t r e s e t : c o m p l e t e )

!--- C o n f i g u r a t i o n

s e t t i n g . a y e r S w i t c h u l e 9 : P A S S

M o d u l e 9 : 4-p o r t M u l t i l L i n e C a r d S t a t u s f o r M o d P o r t S t a t u s : P o r t s 1 2 3 4 ----------------. . . . L i n e C a r d D i a g S t a t u s f o L o o p b a c k S t a t u s [ R e p o r t P o r t s 1 2 3 4 ----------------. . F . !--- F a u l t y . C h a n n e l S t a t u s : P o r t s 1 2 3 4 ----------------. . . .

r M o d u l e 9 ( . = e d b y M o d u l e 1] :

P a s s ,

F a i l ,

N / A )

R e com m e nda tion C is c o re c o m m e n d s th a t a ll s w itc h e s b e s e t to u s e c o m p le te d ia g n o s tic s to p ro v id e m a x im u m d e te c tio n a n d p re v e n t o u ta g e s d u rin g n o rm a l o p e ra tio n s . fa u lt

N ote : T h i s c h a n g e d o e s n o t t a k e e f f e c t u n t i l t h e n e x t t i m e t h e d e v i c e i s b o o t e d . I s s u e t h i s c o m m a n d i n o rd e r to s e t c o m p le te d ia g n o s tic s :
set test d i ag l ev el comp l ete

O th e r O p tions I n s o m e s i t u a t i o n s , a r a p i d b o o t -u p t i m e c a n b e p r e f e r a b l e o v e r w o th e r f a c to r s a n d tim in g s in v o lv e d in b r in g in g u p a s y s te m ,b u t o a d d a r o u n d a th ir d a g a in in tim e .I n te s tin g w ith a f u lly p o p u la te d c h a s s i s w i t h a C a t a l y s t 650 9, t h e t o t a l b o o t t i m e w a s a r o u n d 380 a r o u n d 30 0 s e c o n d s w i t h m i n i m a l d i a g n o s t i c s , a n d o n l y 250 s e c o th is c o m m a n d to c o n fig u re b y p a s s :
set test d i ag l ev el b yp ass

a itin g to ru n fu ll v e r a ll,P O S T a n d s in g le S u p e rv is o s e c o n d s w ith c o m n d s w ith d ia g n o s

d ia g n o n lin r E n g p le te tic s b

o s tic s .T h e r e a r e e d ia g n o s tic s i n e n i n e -s l o t d ia g n o s tic s , y p a s s e d .I s s u e

N ote : T h e C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 a c c e p t s b e i n g c o n f i g u r e d f o r m i n i m a l d i a g n o s t i c s , t h o u g h t h i s s t i l l r e s u l t s in a c o m p le te te s t b e in g u n d e r ta k e n .M in im a l m o d e c o u ld b e s u p p o r te d in th e f u tu r e o n th is p la tf o r m . R un T im e D ia g nos tics

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 73 o f 10 9 O n m o ru n ta k c e th d u le n in g e o th e s s .I o v e r y s f a e r a c te m is m o d u th e o u tio n a s o p e r a tio n a l,th e s w itc h S u p e r v is o r E n g in e p e r f o r m s v a r io u s m o n ito r in g o f th e o th e r le is n o t re a c h a b le th ro u g h th e m a n a g e m e n t m e s s a g e s (S e ria l C o n tro l P ro to c o l [S C P ] t -o f -b a n d m a n a g e m e n t b u s ) , t h e S u p e r v i s o r E n g i n e a t t e m p t s t o r e s t a r t t h e c a r d o r a p p ro p ria te .

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e S u p e rv is o r E n g in e c a rrie s o u t v a rio u s m o n ito rin g a u to m a tic a lly ; th is d o e s n o t re q u ire a n y c o n f i g u r a t i o n . F o r t h e C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 , t h e s e c o m p o n e n t s o f t h e s w i t c h a r e m o n ito re d : N M P th ro u g h a w a tc h d o g E n h a n c e d E A R L c h ip e rro rs In b a n d c h a n n e l fro m S u p e rv is o r E n g in e to b a c k p la n e

M o d u l e s t h r o u g h k e e p a l i v e s o v e r o u t -o f -b a n d c h a n n e l ( C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 ) A c tiv e S u p e rv is o r E n g in e is m o n ito re d b y th e s ta n d b y S u p e rv is o r E n g in e fo r s ta tu s (C a ta ly s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 )

S y stem a nd H a rd w a re E rro r D etec tio n

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w I n C a t O S 6.2 a n d l a t e r , f u r t h e r f u n c t i o n a l i t y h a s b e e n a d d e d i n o r d e r t o m o n i t o r c r i t i c a l s y s t e m h a r d w a r e -l e v e l c o m p o n e n t s . T h e s e t h r e e h a r d w a r e c o m p o n e n t s a r e s u p p o r t e d : In b a n d P o rt c o u n te r M e m o ry W T h o c c h h e e c u a n n th m e s r s .I g e d e fe a sa g e n C a fro m tu re in fo tO S d is is e n a b rm s th e v e rs io n a b le d to le d a n d a n e r r o r c o n d itio n is d e te c te d ,th e s w itc h g e n e r a te s a s y s lo g m e s s a g e . a d m in is tra to r th a t a p ro b le m e x is ts b e fo re n o tic e a b le p e rfo rm a n c e d e g ra d a tio n s 6.4( 16) , 7.6( 12) , 8.4( 2) a n d l a t e r , t h e d e f a u l t m o d e f o r a l l t h r e e c o m p o n e n t s e n a b le d . a n d

Inb a nd I f a n in b a n d e r r o r is d e te c te d ,a s y s lo g m e s s a g e in f o r m s y o u th a t a p r o b le m e x is ts b e f o r e n o tic e a b le p e r f o r m a n c e d e g r a d a tio n o c c u r s .T h e e r r o r d is p la y s th e ty p e o f in b a n d f a ilu r e o c c u r r e n c e .S o m e e x a m p le s a re : In b a n d s tu c k R e so u rc e e rro rs

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 74 o f 10 9 In b a n d fa il d u rin g b o o tu p A sn sw (e t th e a p sh itc h x c e s d e o t .T s iv te c o f h is e T tio n th e m e x /R o f a n c u rre n ssa g e x ) .T h in t T e n is b a x a b a d n d p in a n d R le s y o d itio n g fa ilu x ra te u to p r a l in fo re o n o p rm ,th e th e e rly a tio fe a tu in b a n d e te r n c a n re a ls d c o n m in e h e lp o re p o rts a n e c tio n ,C if th e in b a y o u d e te rm n a P U n d in d d itio n a l s y ,a n d th e b a is s tu c k (n o e th e c a u s e s lo g m c k p la n T x /R x o f in b a e ssa g e e lo a d ) o r o v n d p in w ith a o f th e e rlo a d e d g fa ilu re s .

P ort C ounte r W h e n y o u e p e rio d ic a lly s p e c ific a lly S u p p o rt o r d T h is fe a tu re a s s o c ia te d w d o c u m e n t in n a b le th is f e a tu r e ,it c r e m o n ito rs s e le c t in te rn a th e A S IC s o n th e m o d u e v e lo p m e n t e n g in e e rin d o e s n o t p o ll e rro r c o u ith lin k p a rtn e r c o n n e c o rd e r to in c o rp o ra te th a te s a n d s ta rts a p ro c e s s to d e b u g p o r l p o r t e r r o r c o u n te r s .T h e a r c h ite c tu r e le ,d e te r m in e s w h ic h c o u n te r s th e f e a g c a n th e n u s e th is in fo rm a tio n in o rd n te r s s u c h a s F C S ,C R C ,a lig n m e n t,a tiv ity .S e e th e E th e r C h a n n e l/L in k E r r is c a p a b ility . t c o u n te r s .T h e p o r t c o u n te r o f th e lin e c a rd ,a n d m o re tu r e q u e r ie s .C is c o T e c h n ic a l e r to tro u b le s h o o t p ro b le m s . n d ru n ts th a t a re d ire c tly o rs H a n d lin g s e c tio n o f th is

P o l l i n g i s e x e c u t e d e v e r y 30 m i n u t e s a n d r u n s i n t h e b a c k g r o u n d o f s e l e c t e d e r r o r c o u n t e r s . I f t h e c o u n t g o e s u p b e tw e e n tw o s u b s e q u e n t p o lls o n th e s a m e p o r t,a s y s lo g m e s s a g e r e p o r ts th e in c id e n t a n d g iv e s th e m o d u le /p o rt a n d e rro r c o u n te r d e ta ils . T h e p o r t c o u n t e r o p t i o n i s n o t s u p p o r t e d o n t h e C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 p l a t f o r m . M e m ory E n a b le m e n t o f th is fe a tu re p e rfo rm s b a c k g ro u n d m o n ito rin g a n d d e te c tio n o f D R A M c o n d itio n s .S u c h m e m o r y c o r r u p tio n c o n d itio n s in c lu d e : A llo c a tio n F re e in g O u t o f ra n g e B a d a lig n m e n t R e com m e nda tion E n a b le a ll e r r o r d e te c tio n f e a tu r e s ,w h ic h in c lu d e s in b a n d ,p o r t c o u n te r s ,a n d m e m o r y ,w h e r e th e y a r e s u p p o r te d .E n a b le m e n t o f th e s e f e a tu r e s a c h ie v e s im p r o v e d p r o a c tiv e s y s te m a n d h a r d w a r e w a r n in g d ia g n o s tic s f o r th e C a ta ly s t s w itc h p la tf o r m .I s s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o r d e r to e n a b le a ll th r e e e r r o r d e te c tio n fe a tu re s :
set er r or d etecti on !--- T h i s i s t h e i n b an d d e f a u l t en ab l e i n C a t O S 6 . 4 ( 1 6 ) , 7 . 6 ( 1 2 ) , 8 . 4 ( 2 ) , a n d l a t e r .

c o rru p tio n

set er r or d etecti on !--- T h i s i s t h e

p or tcou n ter s en ab l e d e f a u l t i n C a t O S 6 . 4 ( 1 6 ) , 7 . 6 ( 1 2 ) , 8 . 4 ( 2 ) , a n d l a t e r .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 75 o f 10 9

set er r or d etecti on !--- T h i s i s t h e

memor y en ab l e d e f a u l t i n C a t O S 6 . 4 ( 1 6 ) , 7 . 6 ( 1 2 ) , 8 . 4 ( 2 ) , a n d l a t e r .

Is s u e th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r to c o n firm
>show er r or d etecti on I n b M e m P a c P o r P o r P o r P o r t t t t a n d o r y k e t e r r o e r r o b u f f u n t e n k -e n k -e n k -e r r r e r r r r r r r d e t d e t e r e r r o r s o r s o r s e c t e c t r o r o r d e a c i n i o n i o n d e d e t t e c t i o t e r : : t e c e c t t i o n : v a l :

th a t e rro r d e te c tio n is e n a b le d :
en ab l ed en ab l ed e r r d i s a en ab l ed d i s a b l e p o r t -f a 30 s e c o d

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E th erC h a nnel / L ink E rro rs H a nd l ing

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w I n C a t O S 8.4 a n d l a t e r , a n e w f e a t u r e h a s b e e n i n t r o d u tra ffic fro m o n e p o rt in a n E th e rC h a n n e l to a n o th e r p o o c c u rs w h e n o n e o f th e p o rts in th e c h a n n e l e x c e e d s a in te r v a l.T h e p o r t f a ilo v e r o n ly o c c u r s if th e r e is a n o p f a ile d p o r t is th e la s t p o r t in th e E th e r C h a n n e l,th e p o r p o r t c o n tin u e s to p a s s tr a f f ic ,r e g a r d le s s o f th e ty p e o f p o r t s d o n o t g o i n t o t h e p o r t -f a i l o v e r s t a t e . T h e s e p th re s h o ld is e x c e e d e d w ith in th e s p e c ifie d in te rv a l. c e d in o rd e r to p ro v id e a n a u to m a tic fa ilo v e r o f r t in th e s a m e E th e r C h a n n e l.T h e p o r t f a ilo v e r c o n fig u ra b le e rro r th re s h o ld w ith in th e s p e c ifie d e r a tio n a l p o r t le f t in th e E th e r C h a n n e l.I f th e t d o e s n o t e n t e r t h e p o r t -f a i l o v e r s t a t e . T h i s e r r o r s th a t a r e r e c e iv e d .S in g le ,n o n c h a n n e lin g o rts g o in to th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te w h e n th e e rro r

T h i s f e a t u r e i s o n l y e f f e c t i v e w h e n y o u e n a b l e s e t e rrorde te ction p ortcounte rs . T h e l i n k e r r o r s t o b e m o n ito re d a re b a s e d o n th re e c o u n te rs : In E rro rs R x C R C s (C R C A lig n E rro rs ) T x C R C s I s s u e t h e s h ow counte rs c o m m a n d o n a s w i t c h i n o r d e r t o d i s p l a y t h e n u m b e r o f e r r o r c o u n t e r s . T h i s i s a n e x a m p le :

>show cou n ter s 4 /4 8 . . . . . . . 32 b i t 0 6 c o u n t e r s = = 0 0

r x C R C A l i g n E r r o r s . . . . . . . i f I n E r r o r s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 76 o f 10 9

. . . . . . . 12 t x C R C = 0

T h is ta b le is a lis t o f p o s s ib le c o n fig u ra tio n p a ra m e te rs a n d th e re s p e c tiv e d e fa u lt c o n fig u ra tio n : G lo b a l P a ra m e te rs D is a b le d D is a b le d D is a b le d D is a b le d P o r t -f a i l o v e r 30 s e c o n d s 10 0 0 3c o n s e c u tiv e 10 0 1 a lu e o f th e c o n fig u ra b le th re s h o ld ith e r e rro r d is a b le o r p o rt ta te .I f y o u c o n f ig u r e th e p o r t is a b le d o n ly if th e p o rt is in a itio n a lly ,if th e c o n f ig u r e d a c tio n p la c e d in th e e r r d i s a b l e s ta te D e f a ul t

P o rt m o n ito r fo r R x C R C P o rt m o n ito r fo r T x C R C A c tio n In te rv a l

P o rt m o n ito r fo r In E rro rs

S a m p lin g c o u n t L o w th re s h o ld If w fa fa H ig h th re s h o ld

th e fe a tu re is e n a b le d a n d th e e rro r c o u n t o f a p o rt re a c h e s th e h ig h v ith in th e s p e c if ie d s a m p lin g c o u n t p e r io d ,th e c o n f ig u r a b le a c tio n is e ilo v e r.T h e e r ro r d is a b le a c tio n p la c e s th e p o r t in to th e e r r d i s a b l e s ilo v e r a c tio n ,th e p o r t c h a n n e l s ta tu s is c o n s id e r e d .T h e p o r t is e r r o r d c h a n n e l b u t th a t p o r t is n o t th e la s t o p e r a tio n a l p o r t in th e c h a n n e l.A d d is p o r t f a ilo v e r a n d th e p o r t is a s in g le p o r t o r n o n c h a n n e le d ,th e p o r t is w h e n th e p o rt e rro r c o u n t re a c h e s th e h ig h v a lu e o f th e th re s h o ld .

T h e i n t e r v a l i s a t i m e r c o n s t a n t f o r r e a d i n g t h e p o r t e r r o r c o u n t e r s . T h e d e f a u l t v a l u e o f t h e l i n k -e r r o r s i n t e r v a l i s 30 s e c o n d s . T h e a l l o w e d r a n g e i s b e t w e e n 30 a n d 180 0 s e c o n d s . T h e r e i s a r i s k o f a c c i d e n t a l e r r o r d i s a b l e m e n t o f a p o r t b e c a u s e o f a n u n e x p e c t e d o n e -t i m e e v e n t . I n o r d e r to m in im iz e th is r is k ,a c tio n s to a p o r t a r e ta k e n o n ly w h e n th e c o n d itio n p e r s is ts th r o u g h th is c o n s e c u tiv e s a m p lin g n u m b e r o f tim e s .T h e d e f a u lt s a m p lin g v a lu e is 3a n d th e a llo w e d r a n g e is f r o m t o 255. T h e th re s h o ld is a n a b e rro r lo w th re s h o ld is 10 0 1. W h e n t h e c o n s e c o n s e c u tiv e s a m p lin g fa ilo v e r a c tio n is trig g s o lu te n 10 0 0 a n c u tiv e n tim e s re e re d . u m b e r to d th e a llo u m b e r o f a c h e s th e b e c h e c k e d b w e d ra n g e is s a m p lin g tim h ig h th re s h o a se d 1to e s r ld ,a o n th e lin 65,535. T e a c h e s th e s y s lo g is k -e r r o r s i n t e r v a l . T h e d e f a u h e d e f a u l t l i n k -e r r o r h i g h t h lo w th r e s h o ld ,a s y s lo g is s s e n t a n d a n e rro r d is a b le o r

lt lin k re s h o ld is e n t.I f th e p o rt

N ote : U s e t h e s a m e p o r t e r r o r d e t e c t i o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n f o r a l l p o r t s i n a c h a n n e l . R e f e r t o t h e s e s e c t i o n s o f t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 s e r i e s s o f t w a r e c o n f i g u r a t i o n g u i d e f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n : T h e C o nf i g u r i ng E t h e r C h anne l/ L i nk E r r o r H and li ng s e c t i o n o f C h e c k i n g S t a t u s a n d C o n n e c t i v i t y T h e C o nf i g u r i ng P o r t E r r o r D e t e c t i o n s e c t i o n o f C o n f i g u r i n g E t h e r n e t , F a s t E t h e r n e t , G i g a b i t

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 77 o f 10 9 E t h e r n e t , a n d 10 -G i g a b i t E t h e r n e t S w i t c h i n g R e com m e nda tions B e c a u s e th e p o rts c a n b e to a v e ry s m c a rry tra ffic g lo b a lly : fe a C P a ll fo r tu re u s e U -i n t e n v a lu e .E s e n s itiv s S C P m s iv e .T h n a b le th e a p p lic e s s a g e s in is s c e n a rio is fe a tu re w a tio n s .I s s u o rd is e ith e th e r to r v e n m d is c re is c o m e c o rd a o re C P tio n fo m a n d n d c o m p U -i n t e n s r p o rts th in o rd e r a re iv e a t a to e th e d w h e n re d e n a b le a ta ,h ig h n u th e th re s h o s ig n a te d a s lin k e rro r d m b e rs o f a c tiv e ld in te rv a l is s e t c ritic a l lin k s a n d e te c tio n

set er r or d etecti on

l i n k -er r or s en ab l e

A ls o ,s ta r t w ith th e d e f a u lt th r e s h o ld ,in te r v a l,a n d s a m p lin g p a r a m e te r s .A n d u s e th e d e f a u lt a c tio n ,p o r t fa ilo v e r. I s s u e t h e s e c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o a p p l y t h e g l o b a l l i n k -e r r o r p a r a m e t e r s t o i n d i v i d u a l p o r t s :

set p or t er r or d etecti on set p or t er r or d etecti on set p or t er r or d etecti on m od /port i n er r or s en ab l e m od /port r x cr c en ab l e m od /port tx cr c en ab l e

Y o u c a n i s s u e t h e s e c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o v e r i f y t h e l i n k -e r r o r s c o n f i g u r a t i o n :
show er r or d etecti on show p or t er r or d etecti on { m od | m od /port}

C a ta l y st 6 5 0 0 / 6 0 0 0 P a c k et B uf f er D ia g no stic s
In C in tro th a t lin e a tO d u a re m o S v e r s i o n s 6.4( 7) , 7.6( 5) , a n d 8.2( 1) , t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 p a c k e t b u f f e r d i a g n o s t i c s w e r e c e d .T h e p a c k e t b u f f e r d ia g n o s tic s ,w h ic h a r e e n a b le d b y d e f a u lt,d e te c t p a c k e t b u f f e r f a ilu r e s c a u s e d b y t r a n s i e n t S t a t i c R A M ( S R A M ) f a i l u r e s . D e t e c t i o n i s o n t h e s e 48-p o r t 10 / 10 0 -M b p s d u le s :

W S -X 6248-R J 45 W S -X 6248-R J 21 W S -X 6348-R J 45 W S -X 6348-R J 21 W S -X 6148-R J 45 W S -X 6148-R J 21 W h e n t h e f a i l u r e c o n d i t i o n o c c u r s , 12 o u t o f t h e 48 10 / 10 0 -M b p s p o r t s c o n t i n u e t o s t a y c o n n e c t e d a n d c a n e x p e r ie n c e r a n d o m c o n n e c tiv ity p r o b le m s .T h e o n ly w a y to r e c o v e r f r o m th is c o n d itio n is to p o w e r c y c le th e lin e m o d u le . h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 78 o f 10 9 O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e p a c k e t b u ffe r d ia g n o s tic s c h e c k th e d a ta th a t a re s to re d in a s p e c ific s e c tio n o f th e p a c k e t b u ffe r in o r d e r to d e te r m in e if it is c o r r u p te d b y tr a n s ie n t S R A M f a ilu r e s .I f th e p r o c e s s r e a d s b a c k s o m e th in g d if f e r e n t th a n w h a t it w r o te ,it th e n c a r r ie s o u t tw o p o s s ib le c o n f ig u r a b le r e c o v e r y o p tio n s : 1. T h e d e f a u l t a c t i o n i s t o e r r o r d i s a b l e t h e l i n e c a r d p o r t s t h a t a r e a f f e c t e d b y t h e b u f f e r f a i l u r e . 2. T h e s e c o n d o p t i o n i s t o p o w e r c y c l e t h e l i n e c a r d . T w o s y s lo g m e s s a g e s h a v e b e e n a d d e d .T h e m e s s a g e s p r o v id e a w a r n in g o f th e e r r o r d is a b le m e n t o f th e p o rts o r th e p o w e r c y c le o f th e m o d u le b e c a u s e o f p a c k e t b u ffe r e rro rs :
% S Y E r r % S Y P o w S -3-P -d i s a S -3-P e r c y K T B b l i K T B c l i U F F n g U F F n g E R F p o r E R F m o d A I L _ t 5/ A I L _ u l e E R R D I S : P a c k e t b u f f e r f a i l u r e d e t e c t e d . 1. P W R C Y C L E : P a c k e t b u f f e r f a i l u r e d e t e c t e d . 5.

In C a tO S v s e c o n d s .A d o w n lo a d s th e b o o tu p

e rs R a th e tim

io n s th p id B o firm w e .T h e

a t o t a r R

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n d e d c a u c

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c a r d p o w e r -c y c l e t i m r s i o n s 8.3 a n d 8.4. T h e in itia l b o o t p ro c e s s -c y c l e t i m e t o a p p r o x

e is b e tw e e e fe a tu re a in o rd e r to i m a t e l y 10

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set er r or d etecti on !--- T h i s i s t h e d e f a u l t .

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s th th a h e d mo m a

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O th e r O p tion B e c a u s e a p o w e r c y c le e n c o u n te re d a n S R A M T h is o p tio n is u s e fu l in a n d 40 s e c o n d s i s a c c e p o w e r c y c le a n d p la c e c a n re d u c e th e tim e o f th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r o f th e lin e c a rd is n e c e s s a ry in o rd e r to fu lly re c o v e r a ll p o rts w h ic h h a v e f a ilu r e ,a n a lte r n a tiv e r e c o v e r y a c tio n is to c o n f ig u r e th e p o w e r c y c le o p tio n . c i r c u m s t a n c e s i n w h i c h a n o u t a g e i n n e t w o r k s e r v i c e s t h a t c a n l a s t b e t w e e n 30 p ta b le .T h is le n g th o f tim e is th e tim e th a t is n e c e s s a r y f o r a lin e m o d u le to f u lly its e lf b a c k in to s e r v ic e w ith o u t th e R a p id B o o t f e a tu r e .T h e R a p id B o o t f e a tu r e t h e o u t a g e i n n e t w o r k s e r v i c e s t o 10 s e c o n d s w i t h t h e p o w e r c y c l e o p t i o n . I s s u e to e n a b le th e p o w e r c y c le o p tio n :
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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 79 o f 10 9 T h i s t e s t i s f o r C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 s w i t c h e s o n l y . T h i s t e s t i s d e s i g n e d t o f i n d f a i l e d h a r d w a r e o n C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 s w i t c h e s t h a t a r e u s i n g E t h e r n e t m o d u l e s w i t h s p e c i f i c h a r d w a r e t h a t p r o v i d e 10 / 10 0 -M b p s c o n n e c t i v i t y b e t w e e n u s e r p o r t s a n d t h e s w i t c h b a c k p l a n e . A s t h e y c a n n o t p e r f o r m C R C c h e c k in g f o r tr u n k e d f r a m e s ,if a p o r t p a c k e t b u f f e r b e c o m e s d e f e c tiv e d u r in g r u n tim e ,p a c k e ts c o u ld g e t c o r r u p te d a n d c a u s e C R C e r r o r s .U n f o r tu n a te ly ,th is c o u ld le a d to th e p r o p a g a tio n o f b a d f r a m e s f u r th e r i n t o t h e C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 I S L n e t w o r k , w h i c h p o t e n t i a l l y c a u s e s c o n t r o l p l a n e d i s r u p t i o n a n d b r o a d c a s t s t o r m s i n w o r s t -c a s e s c e n a r i o s . N e w e r C a t a l y s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 m o d u l e s a n d o t h e r p l a t f o r m s h a v e u p d a t e d h a r d w a r e e r r o r c h e c k i n g b u i l t i n a n d d o n o t n e e d th e p a c k e t b u f f e r te s ts ,s o th e r e is n o o p tio n to c o n f ig u r e it. T h e l i n e m o d u l e s t h a t n e e d t h e p a c k e t b u f f e r d i a g n o s t i c s a r e W S -X 50 10 , W S -X 50 11, W S -X 50 13, W S X 50 20 , W S -X 5111, W S -X 5113, W S -X 5114, W S -X 520 1, W S -X 520 3, W S -X 5213/ a , W S -X 5223, W S X 5224, W S -X 550 6, W S -X 550 9, W S -U 5531, W S -U 5533, a n d W S -U 5535. O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h is c o rru th e p F a ile d ia p te o rt d p g n d in o r o s tic c h e c b y fa u lty h f a i l e d m ts c a n n o t b k s th a t d a ta s to re a r d w a r e .I f th e p o d e ,s in c e th a t p e e n a b le d a g a in d in a s p e c ific s e c tio n o f ro c e s s re a d s b a c k s o m e th o r t c o u ld c o r r u p t d a ta .T h u n til th e m o d u le h a s b e e n th e p a c k e t b u in g d iffe re n t e re is n o th re re se t (o r re p ffe r is n o t a c c id e n ta lly b e in g th a n it w r o te ,it s h u ts d o w n s h o ld o f e rro rs n e e d e d . la c e d ).

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k e t b u f f e r t e s t s : s c h e d u l e d a n d o n -d e m a n d . W h e n a t e s t b e g i n s , s y s l o g d e r to in d ic a te th e e x p e c te d le n g th o f th e te s t (ro u n d e d u p to th e n e a re s t te s t h a s s ta r te d .T h e e x a c t le n g th o f th e te s t v a r ie s b y p o r t ty p e ,s iz e o f th e n .

O n -d e m a n d t e s t s a r e a g g r e s s i v e i n o r d e r t o f i n i s h w i t h i n a f e w m i n u t e s . S i n c e t h e s e t e s t s a c t i v e l y in te r f e r e w ith p a c k e t m e m o r y ,p o r ts m u s t b e a d m in is tr a tiv e ly s h u t d o w n b e f o r e te s tin g .I s s u e th is c o m m a n d in o rd e r to s h u t d o w n th e p o rts :

> ( W a r > ( > ( P a c % S Y % S Y e n a b l n i n g : e n a b l e n a b l k e t b S -5-P S -5-P e e u K K e ) test o n l y d i ) set p ) test f f e r t e T T E S T S T T T E S T D O p ack s a b l or t p ack s t s A R T : N E : P etb u f e d p o d i sab etb u f t a r t e P a c k e a c k e t f er r t s l e f er d . t b b u 4 E u f 4 /1 m a y b /1 4 /1 s t i m a f f e r f e r t e t e s t e d o n d e m a n d - 4/ 1 w i l l b e s k i p p e d .

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S c h e d u l e d t e s t s a r e m u c h l e s s a g g r e s s i v e t h a n t h e o n -d e m a n d t e s t s , a n d t h e y e x e c u t e i n t h e b a c k g r o u n d . T h e te s ts a r e p e r f o r m e d in p a r a lle l a c r o s s m u ltip le m o d u le s b u t o n o n e p o r t p e r m o d u le a t a tim e .T h e te s t p r e s e r v e s ,w r ite s ,a n d r e a d s s m a ll s e c tio n s o f p a c k e t b u f f e r m e m o r y b e f o r e r e s to r in g u s e r p a c k e t b u f f e r d a ta ,a n d th u s g e n e r a te s n o e r r o r s .H o w e v e r ,s in c e th e te s t is w r ite s to b u f f e r m e m o r y ,it b lo c k s in c o m in g p a c k e ts f o r a f e w m illis e c o n d s a n d c a u s e s s o m e lo s s o n b u s y lin k s .B y d e f a u lt th e r e is a n e i g h t -s e c o n d p a u s e b e t w e e n e a c h b u f f e r -w r i t e t e s t t o m i n i m i z e a n y p a c k e t l o s s , b u t t h i s m e a n s t h a t a s y s t e m f u l l o f m o d u l e s t h a t n e e d t h e p a c k e t b u f f e r t e s t c a n t a k e o v e r 24 h o u r s f o r t h e t e s t t o c o m p l e t e . T h i s s c h e d u l e d t e s t i s e n a b l e d b y d e f a u l t t o r u n w e e k l y a t 0 3: 30 o n S u n d a y s f r o m C a t O S 5.4 o r l a t e r , a n d th e te s t s ta tu s c a n b e c o n firm e d w ith th is c o m m a n d :
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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 80 o f 10 9

!--- W h e n !--- t h i s C u r T e s T e s T e s P o r E s t r e n t t T y t S t t S t t s u i m a t p e t e s t i s r u n n i n g , i n f o r m a t i o n : p a c k e t e d s r t e s t t i m e l e f t : : : b u f f e r : : t e s s c h 0 3: 26 % 10 / 11 t t h e d e t e d u l e 30 : 0 8 o f p 5, 11/ m i n u t d c o m m a n d a i l s J u l o r t s 2 e s 20 20 0 1 t e s t e d r e t u r n s

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S y s lo g m e s s n e tw o rk a n d M a n a g e m e n T o o lk it (N A a g e s a r p ro to c t p la tfo T k it) m e C o l rm a k is c c o n s ,s e p o -s p e c i f i c a n d d itio n s a re re p u c h a s C is c o R o w e rfu l u se o f a k e y p a rt o f p ro a o rte d u s in g s y s lo g e so u rc e M a n a g e r s y s lo g in fo rm a tio c tiv e fa u lt th a n is p o E s s e n tia ls n b e c a u se m a n a g e m s s ib le th ro (R M E s) a th e y p e rfo e n t.A w u g h s ta n n d th e N rm th e s e id e r ra n g e o f d a rd iz e d S N M P . e tw o rk A n a ly s is ta s k s : 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

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C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 81 o f 10 9 P r e s e n t a n a ly s is b y s e v e r ity ,m e s s a g e ,d e v ic e ,a n d s o o n E n a b le filte rin g o f m e s s a g e s c o m in g in fo r a n a ly s is T r i g g e r a l e r t i n g , s u c h a s p a g e r s , o r o n -d e m a n d c o l l e c t i n g o f i n v e n t o r y a n d c o n f i g u r a t i o n c h a n g e s R e com m e nda tion A n th e se v g o c a p im p o s w itc e rity to th e tu re o rta n t p o in t o f fo c u s is h b u ffe r a s o p p o s e d to v al u e c o m m a n d ) . S o m s w itc h its e lf to lo o k a n ly d u rin g tro u b le s h o w h a t le th a t w e o rg a t th e m o tin g . v e l o f lo g g in g h ic h is s e n t to n iz a tio n s lo g a o re d e ta ile d lo in fo rm a a s y s lo g h ig h le v g s fo r a n tio n se rv e l o e v e is to e r (u f in fo n t o r b e s in rm e n g e n g th a tio a b le e ra te d lo c a lly e s e t l og g ing n c e n tra lly ,w a h ig h e r le v e a n d h e ld in s e rv e r h e re a s o th e rs l o f s y s lo g

D e b u g g in g is d iffe re n t o n C a tO S p la tfo r m s th a n C is c o I O S S o ftw a re ,b u t d e ta ile d s y s te m lo g g in g c a n b e e n a b l e d o n a p e r -s e s s i o n b a s i s w i t h s e t l og g ing s e s s ion e na b l e w i t h o u t c h a n g i n g w h a t i s l o g g e d b y d e fa u lt. C is c o g e n e ra lly re c o m m e n d s th a t y o u b rin g th e s p a n tre e a n d s y s te m s y s lo g fa c ilitie s u p to th e s e a r e k e y s ta b ility f e a tu r e s to tr a c k .I n a d d itio n ,f o r m u ltic a s t e n v ir o n m e n ts ,b r in g in g th le v e l o f th e m c a s t f a c ility u p to 4is r e c o m m e n d e d s o th a t s y s lo g m e s s a g e s a r e p r o d u c e d if a r e d e l e t e d . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , b e f o r e C a t O S 5.5( 5) t h i s c o u l d r e s u l t i n s y s l o g m e s s a g e s b e i n g I G M P jo in s a n d le a v e s ,w h ic h is to o n o is y to m o n ito r .F in a lly ,if I P in p u t lis ts a r e u s e d ,a m lo g g in g le v e l o f 4is r e c o m m e n d e d to c a p tu r e u n a u th o r iz e d lo g in a tte m p ts .I s s u e th e s e c o m o rd e r to s e t th e s e o p tio n s :
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T u rn o ff th e c o n s o le m e s s a g e s in o rd e r to p ro te c t a g a in s t th e ris k o f th e s w itc h h a n g in g a s it w a its fo r a r e s p o n s e f r o m a s l o w o r n o n -e x i s t i n g t e r m i n a l w h e n m e s s a g e v o l u m e i s h i g h . C o n s o l e l o g g i n g i s a h i g h p rio rity u n d e r C a tO S a n d is m a in ly u s e d to c a p tu re th e fin a l m e s s a g e s lo c a lly w h e n tro u b le s h o o tin g o r h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 82 o f 10 9 in a s w itc h c ra s h s c e n a rio . T h is ta b le p r o v id e s th e in d iv id u a l lo g g in g f a c ilitie s ,d e f a u lt le v e ls ,a n d r e c o m m e n d e d c h a n g e s f o r th e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 . E a c h p l a t f o r m h a s s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t f a c i l i t i e s , d e p e n d i n g o n t h e f e a t u r e s s u p p o r t e d . F a cil ity a c l c d p d tp 5 4 3 8 2 5 2 2 2 2 3 2 5 5 5 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 D e f a ul t L e v e l R e com m e nde d A ction L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . L e a v e a lo n e . C h a ng e to 4 if IP inp ut l is ts us e d.

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I n C a t O S 7.x a n d l a t e r , t h e e t h c f a c i l i t y c o d e r e p l a c e s t h e p a g p f a c i l i t y c o d e i n o r d e r t o r e f l e c t L A C P s u p p o rt. n tly ,th e C a ta ly a n d e x e c u te d ,u n m o d e .I f y o u g e s a ls o n e e d to n b a c k u p s fo r C e e d e d . s t s w itc h e s lo g n lik e C is c o IO n e e d R M E s to b e s e n t to th e a ta ly s t s w itc h a c S S b a c R M e s a o n fig u ra tio n c h a n g e o f tw a r e ,w h ic h tr ig g k u p c o n fig u ra tio n s E s s y s lo g s e r v e r .F o r e e n o u g h ,a n d n o c h M e s s a g e G u id e . s y s lo g le v e rs th e m e i n r e a l -t i m r m o st c u s a n g e o f th e l -6 m e s s a g e f o r e a c h s e t o r s s a g e o n ly a fte r y o u e x it e u p o n th is tr ig g e r ,th e n to m e r s ,p e r io d ic e d e fa u lt s e rv e r lo g g in g

N ote : C u r r e cl e a r c o m m c o n fig u ra tio th e s e m e s s a c o n fig u ra tio s e v e rity is n

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S N In f o rd w e M P is u s e d to o rm a tio n B a s e e r to g e n e ra te ll a s to h e lp p e r e tr ie v e s ta tis tic s ,c o s ( M I B s ) .T h e in f o r m re a l tim e a le r ts ,m e a rfo rm c o n fig u ra tio n u n a su a n te r s ,a n d ta b le s s to r e tio n c o lle c te d c a n b e r e a v a ila b ility ,a n d p d tro u b le s h o o tin g c h d in n e tw o rk d e v ic e M a n a g e m e n t u s e d b y N M S s (s u c h a s H P O p e n v ie w ) in r o d u c e c a p a c ity p la n n in g in f o r m a tio n ,a s e c k s.

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w W ith s o M IB s w A d d itio a le rtin g m e se c u ith S N M n a lly ,a .S N M P rity m P p ro n e tw o p o llin e c to rk g h a n is m c o l g e t d e v ic e u se s IP s ,a a n d c a n U D n e tw o rk m a n a g e t n e x t re q u e b e c o n fig u re d P p o r t 161 a n d g e m e s ts ,a to g e S N M n t n d n e P s ta tio to c h ra te a tra p s n is a b le to re trie v e in fo rm a tio n in th e a n g e p a r a m e te r s w ith th e s e tc o m m a n d . t r a p m e s s a g e f o r t h e N M S f o r r e a l -t i m e u s e p o r t 162.

C is c o s u p p o rts th e s e v e rs io n s o f S N M P : S N M P v 1: R F C 1157 I n t e r n e t S t a n d a r d , u s i n g c l e a r t e x t c o m m u n i t y s t r i n g s e c u r i t y . A n I P a d d r e s s a c c e s s c o n tro l lis t a n d p a s s w o rd d e fin e th e c o m m u n ity o f m a n a g e rs a b le to a c c e s s th e a g e n t M IB . S N M P v 2C : a 190 7, a n d S N e x p e rim e n ta l s u p p o rts th e r r o u n d -t r i p s r e c o m b in a tio n o f S N M P v 2C , a c o m m u n d ra ft d e fin e d in R F e trie v a l o f ta b le s a n q u ir e d ,a n d im p r o v M P v 2, a d i t y -b a s e d C 190 1. B d la rg e q u e s e rro r h a ra a d e n a n n d ft In te rn m in is tra e fits in c titie s o f lin g . e t s ta n tiv e fr lu d e a in fo rm d a rd d e fin e d a m e w o rk fo r B u lk re trie v a a tio n ,m in im in S N l m iz R F C M P e c h e s th s 190 v 2th a a n is m e n u m 2th t is th a b e r t ro u g h a n o f

S N M P v 3: R F C 2570 p r o p o s e d d r a f t p r o v i d e s s e c u r e a c c e s s t o d e v i c e s t h r o u g h t h e c o m b i n a t i o n o f a u th e n tic a tio n a n d e n c r y p tio n o f p a c k e ts o v e r th e n e tw o rk .T h e s e c u rity fe a tu re s p ro v id e d in S N M P v 3a r e : M e s s a g e i n t e g r i t y : e n s u r e s t h a t a p a c k e t h a s n o t b e e n t a m p e r e d w i t h i n -t r a n s i t

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 84 o f 10 9 A u th e n tic a tio n : d e te rm in e s th a t th e m e s s a g e is fro m a v a lid s o u rc e b e in g v ie w e d e a s ily b y a n

E n c ry p tio n : s c ra m b le s th e c o n te n ts o f a p a c k e t to p re v e n t it fro m u n a u th o riz e d s o u rc e T h is ta b le id e n tifie s th e c o m b in a tio n s o f s e c u rity m o d e ls : M ode l L e v e l v 1 v 2c v 3 A uth e ntica tion E ncry p tion n o A u th N o P riv , C o m m u n ity S trin g n o A u th N o P riv , C o m m u n ity S trin g n o A u th N o P riv , U se rn a m e a u th N o P riv , M D 5o r S H A N o N o N o R e s ul t U s e s a c o m m u n ity s trin g m a tc h fo r a u th e n tic a tio n . U s e s a c o m m u n ity s trin g m a tc h fo r a u th e n tic a tio n . U se s a u se rn a m e m a tc h fo r a u th e n tic a tio n .

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N ote : K e e p t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i n m i n d a b o u t S N M P v 3 o b j e c t s : E a c h u s e r b e lo n g s to a g ro u p . A g ro u p d e fin e s th e a c c e s s p o lic y fo r a s e t o f u s e rs . A n a c c e s s p o lic y d e f in e s w h a t S N M P o b je c ts c a n b e a c c e s s e d to r e a d ,w r ite ,a n d c r e a te . A g ro u p d e te rm in e s th e lis t o f n o tific a tio n s its u s e rs c a n re c e iv e . A g ro u p a ls o d e fin e s th e s e c u rity m o d e l a n d s e c u rity le v e l fo r its u s e rs .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 85 o f 10 9 S N M P T ra p R e com m e nda tion S N M P is th e fo u S N M P a g e n t o n s ta tio n .S in c e a n to s u p p o rt c o m m th e S N M P v 2p r o n d a tio n o f a ll n th e s w itc h m u s a g e n t c a n c o m u n ic a tio n w ith to c o l,f o r e x a m e tw o r t b e se m u n ic o n e m p le . k m t to a te a n a a n a g u se w ith g e m e m th e m u e n t e n t a n d v e rs io n ltip le m s ta tio n is e n a o f S N a n a g e u s in g b le d M P r s ,it th e S a n su is N d u s e d o n a ll n e tw p p o rte d b y th e m a p o s s ib le to c o n fig M P v 1p r o to c o l a n o rk n a g u re d a n s .T h e e m e n t th e s o ftw a re o th e r u s in g

M o s t N M S s t a t i o n s u s e S N M P v 2C t o d a y u n d e r t h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n :
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s t r i n g s .

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set sn mp set sn mp tr ap tr ap en ab l e al l s erv er ad d res s read -onl y c om m u ni ty s tri ng

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h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 86 o f 10 9 re p e a te r s tp x s y s lo g v m p s v tp R e p e a te r

S p a n n in g T re e e x te n s io n S y s lo g n o tific a tio n V L A N M e m b e rs h ip P o lic y S e rv e r V L A N T ru n k P ro to c o l

N ote : T h e s y s l o g t r a p s e n d s a l l s y s l o g m e s s a g e d g e n e r a t e d b y t h e s w i t c h t o t h e N M S a s a S N M P t r a p a l s o . I f s y s l o g a l e r t i n g i s a l r e a d y b e i n g p e r f o r m e d b y a n a n a l y z e r s u c h a s C i s c o W o r k s 20 0 0 R M E s , t h e n it is n o t n e c e s s a rily u s e fu l to re c e iv e th is in fo rm a tio n tw ic e . U n lik e C h u n d re d s r o u te r s ,s p o r ts ,a r e is c o o f a w itc n o t I O S S o f tw a r e ,p o c tiv e in te r f a c e s .C h e s ,a n d m a in s e r r e q u ir e d ,w h ic h h

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d e fa u lt b e c a u s e s w itc h e s c a n h a v e p o r ts ,s u c h a s in f r a s tr u c tu r e lin k s to a b le d .O th e r p o r ts ,lik e u s e r h o s t n t.

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S N M P P ol l ing R e com m e nda tion A n e tw o r k m a n a g e m e n t r e v ie w is r e c o m m e n d e d in o r d e r to d is c u s s s p e c if ic n e e d s in d e ta il.H o w e v e r , s o m e b a s ic C is c o p h ilo s o p h ie s fo r th e m a n a g e m e n t o f la rg e n e tw o rk s a re lis te d : D o s o m e th in g s im p le ,a n d d o it w e ll. R e d u c e s ta f f o v e r lo a d d u e to e x c e s s iv e d a ta p o llin g ,c o lle c tio n ,to o ls ,a n d m a n u a l a n a ly s is . N e tw o r k m a n a g e m e n t is p o s s ib le w ith ju s t a f e w to o ls ,s u c h a s H P O p e n v ie w a s a n N M S ,C is c o R M E s a s a c o n f ig u r a tio n ,s y s lo g ,in v e n to r y ,a n d s o f tw a r e m a n a g e r ,M ic r o s o f t E x c e l a s a n N M S d a ta a n a ly z e r ,a n d C G I a s a w a y to p u b lis h to th e w e b . P u b lis h in g r e p o r ts to th e w e b a llo w s u s e r s ,s u c h a s s e n io r m a n a g e m e n t a n d a n a ly s ts ,to h e lp th e m s e lv e s to in fo rm a tio n w ith o u t b u rd e n in g o p e ra tio n s s ta ff w ith m a n y s p e c ia l re q u e s ts . F in d o u t w h a t is w o r k in g w e ll o n th e n e tw o r k a n d le a v e it a lo n e .C o n c e n tra te o n w h a t is n o t w o rk in g . T h e firs t p h a s e o f N M S im p le m e n ta tio n m a b o u t d e v ic e a n d p ro to c o l h e a lth fro m s im C P U ,m e m o r y ,a n d b a c k p la n e u tiliz a tio n tr a f f ic lo a d ,p e a k ,a n d a v e r a g e b a s e lin e s b s e v e r a l m o n th s to g e t v is ib ility o f d a ily ,w o f th e c o m p a n y . u st b p le C o n sw e c o m e e k ly e to P U itc h e fu ,a n b a s e lin e th e n ,m e m o r y ,a n d e s .O n ly a f te r lly m e a n in g fu d q u a rte rly tre e tw o r k h a r d w a r e .M u c h c a n b e in f e r r e d b u f f e r u tiliz a tio n o n r o u te r s ,a n d N M P a h a r d w a r e b a s e lin e d o L 2a n d L 3 l.B a s e lin e s a r e u s u a lly e s ta b lis h e d o v e r n d s a c c o r d in g to th e b u s in e s s c y c le

M a n y n e t w o r k s s u f f e r N M S p e r f o r m a n c e a n d c a p a c i t y p r o b l e m s c a u s e d b y o v e r -p o l l i n g . I t i s t h e r e f o r e r e c o m m e n d e d ,o n c e th e b a s e lin e is e s ta b lis h e d ,to s e t a la r m a n d e v e n t R M O N th r e s h o ld s o n th e d e v ic e s h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 87 o f 10 9 th e m s e lv e s te ll th e o p e e v e ry th in g p e rc e n ta g e to a le ra to rs is n o r o r s ta rt th e w h e n m a l.T n d a rd f N e s sy u p N M so m h re d e v M S a re a s te m th e S o n a b n o rm a l e th in g is n o t n s h o ld s c a n b e s ia tio n fro m a m im s o s a w h p le f d o s a o le m e n ta tio u b t,a r e a s e a rc h lig n e tw o rk c h a o rm e t b e a n n g e s a l ra a se d ,a n d ,a n d th e r o n v a re th u s re m o v e th a n c o n tin u o a r io u s r u le s ,s o u ts id e th e s c p o llin g u s ly p o u c h a s o p e o f .T h is e n a llin g to s e m a x im u m th is d o c u m b le e w v a e n s th e n e tw o rk to h e th e r lu e p lu s a t.

T h e se c o n d p h a se o S N M P .T h is in c lu d w e ll.U s e th e N M S n o t a tte m p t to lig h t

n is to p o ll p a rtic u la r a re a s o f th e n e tw o rk in m o re d e ta il w ith s b e f o r e a c h a n g e ,o r a r e a s th a t a r e b e c h a r a c te r iz e d a s w o r k in g h t to s c a n th e n e tw o rk in d e ta il a n d illu m in a te h o t s p o ts (d o ).

T h e C is c o N e tw o rk M a n a g e m e n t C o n s u ltin g g ro u p s u g g e s ts th e s e k e y fa u lt M IB s to b e a n a ly z e d o r m o n ito r e d in c a m p u s n e tw o r k s .R e f e r to C is c o N e tw o r k M o n ito r in g a n d E v e n t C o r r e la tio n G u id e lin e s f o r m o r e in f o r m a tio n ( o n p e r f o r m a n c e M I B s to p o ll,f o r e x a m p le ) . O b j e ct N a m e O b j e ct D e s crip tion s y s te m u p tim e in 1/ 10 0 t h s o f se c o n d s O ID M IB -II P ol l T h re s h ol d Inte rv a l

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h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 88 o f 10 9 In d ic a te s n e w R o o t to p o lo g y C th e B R ID 1493) m u g e n e ra te d w h e th e r a n d h a n g e tra p s in G E -M I B ( R F C st b e .

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24 h r s

10 m i n A s n e e d e d . 10 m i n A s n e e d e d . A s n e e d e d . 10 m i n 10 m i n 10 m i n

D e ta ile d in fo rm a tio n o n 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.5 s t a t u s o f p o w e r s u p p l y 1. S ta tu s o f p o w e r s u p p ly 2. 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.7

D e ta ile d in fo rm a tio n o n 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.8 s ta tu s o f p o w e r s u p p ly 2 S ta tu s o f C h a s s is F a n . D e ta ile d in fo rm a tio n o n s ta tu s o f c h a s s is fa n . C h a s s is M in o r A la rm S ta tu s . C h a s s is M a jo r A la rm S ta tu s 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.9 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.12

1 1

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 89 o f 10 9 C h a s s is T e m p e ra tu re A la rm s ta tu s .

c h a s s is T e m p A la rm m o d u le S ta tu s m o d u le T e s tR e s u lt m o d u le S ta n d b y S ta tu s O b j e ct N a m e

1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.2.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.3.1.1.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.7.3.1.1.11

10 m i n 30 m i n A s n e e d e d .

1 2

O p e ra tio n a l S ta tu s o f th e m o d u le . D e ta ile d in fo rm a tio n o n m o d u le s c o n d itio n . S ta tu s o f a re d u n d a n t m o d u le .

1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.7.3.1.1.21 30 m i n O ID

= 1o r = 4

C IS C O -M E M O R Y -P O O L -M IB T h e tim e (in 1/ 10 0 s e c s ) s in c e th e la s t tim e a to p o lo g y c h a n g e w a s d e te c te d b y th e e n tity .

O b j e ct D e s crip tion

P ol l T h re s h ol d Inte rv a l

d o t 1d S t p T i m e S i n c e T o p o l o g y C h a n g e

1.3.6.1.2.1.17.2.3

5m in

< 30 0 0 0

d o t 1d S t p T o p C h a n g e s

T h e to ta l n u m b e r o f to p o lo g y c h a n g e s d e te c te d b y th is b rid g e 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.2.4 s in c e th e m a n a g e m e n t e n tity w a s la s t re s e t o r in itia liz e d .

A s n e e d e d .

d o t 1d S t p P o r t S t a t e [ 1]

T h e c u rre n t s ta te o f th e p o rt a s d e fin e d b y a p p lic a tio n o f th e S p a n n in g A s T re e 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.2.15.1.3 n e e d e d . P ro to c o l. R e tu rn v a lu e c a n b e o n e o f th e s e :

d i s ( 1) b l o ( 2) a b l e d , , c k i n g

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 90 o f 10 9

l i s ( 3) l e a ( 4) f o r ( 5) b r o ( 6 ) , , , t e n i n g r n i n g w a r d i n g k e n

o r

O b j e ct N a m e

O b j e ct D e s crip tion In d ic a te s th e n u o f b y te s fro m th m e m o ry p o o l th c u rre n tly in u s e a p p lic a tio n s o n m a n a g e d d e v ic e In d ic o f b y m e m c u rre th e m m b e r e a t a re b y th e . b e r

O ID

C IS C O -M E M O R Y -P O O L -M IB

P ol l T h re s h ol d Inte rv a l

c is c o M e m o ry P o o lU s e d

1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.48.1.1.1.5 30 m i n

B a s e lin e

c is c o M e m o ry P o o lF re e

a te s th e n u m te s fro m th e o ry p o o l th a n tly u n u s e d a n a g e d d e v

t a re o n ic e .

c is c o M e m o ry P o o lL a rg e s tF re e

In d ic a te s th e la rg e n u m b e r o f c o n tig u b y te s fro m th e m e p o o l th a t a re c u rre u n u s e d o n th e m a n a g e d d e v ic e .

N ote : c is c o M a n d c is c o M is th e m e m o

T h e su m o f e m o ry P o o lU s e d e m o ry P o o lF re e to ta l a m o u n t o f ry in th e p o o l.

1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.48.1.1.1.6 30 m i n

B a s e lin e

st o u s m o ry n tly

1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.48.1.1.1.7 30 m i n

B a s e lin e

R e fe r to C is c o N e tw o rk M a n a g e m e n t T o o lk it -M I B s fo r m o re in f o rm a tio n o n C is c o M IB s u p p o rt. N ote M IB in s ta in s ta ty p ic : S o .T h n c e n c e a lly m u s o f o f a e s ta ,th e th e th e V L A n d a rd M s ta n d a rd M I B .I n s ta n d a rd N n u m b IB s a M IB th e s e M IB e r. ssu m d o e c a se .T h e e th s n o s ,c o sy n a t a t h a m m ta x p a rtic u v e a n y u n ity s is [c o m la in tr m r S N M P e n tity d e x th a t a llo w s in g in d e x in g is u n ity s trin g ]@ c o n ta in s u s e rs to p ro v id e d [in s ta n c e o n d ir in n u ly o n e c tly o rd e m b e e in a c c r to r ] ,w s ta n c e o f th e e s s a p a rtic u la r a c c e ss e a c h h e re in s ta n c e is

O th e r O p tions T h e s e c u r ity a s p e c ts o f S N M P v 3m e a n th a t its u s e is e x p e c te d to o v e r ta k e S N M P v 2in tim e .C is c o h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 91 o f 10 9 re c th a C o b e g ro o m m e n d s t d a ta c a n n fid e n tia l e n c ry p te d u p s c a n h th a t c u s to m e rs p re p a b e c o lle c te d s e c u re ly in f o r m a tio n ,s u c h a s to p re v e n t its c o n te n a v e d iffe re n t p riv ile g re fo r th is n e w fro m S N M P d S N M P s e tc o m ts fro m b e in g e e s. p r e v m x p o to c ic e s a n d o se d o l w p a o a s p a rt o f ith o u t fe a r c k e ts th a t n th e n e tw th e ir N o f ta m c h a n g e o rk .In M S s tr a te g y .T h e b p e rin g o r c o rru p tio a s w itc h c o n fig u ra a d d itio n ,d if f e r e n t e n e fits a re n . tio n ,c a n u se r

N ote : T h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f S N M P v 3 i s s i g n i f i c a n t l y d i f f e r e n t t h a n t h e S N M P v 2 c o m m a n d l i n e , a n d in c re a s e d C P U lo a d o n th e S u p e rv is o r E n g in e is to b e e x p e c te d .

Remo te M o nito ring

R M O N p e r m i t s M I B d a t a t o b e p r e -p r o c e s s e d b y t h e n e t w o r k d e v i c e i t s e l f , i n p r e p a r a t i o n f o r c o m m o n u s e s o r a p p lic a tio n o f th a t in f o r m a tio n b y th e n e tw o r k m a n a g e r ,s u c h a s p e r f o r m in g h is to r ic a l b a s e lin e d e te rm in a tio n a n d th re s h o ld a n a ly s is . T h e r e s u lts o f R M O N p r o c e s s in g a r e s to r e d in R M O N M I B s f o r s u b s e q u e n t c o lle c tio n b y a n N M S ,a s d e f i n e d i n R F C 1757 . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w C a t a l y s t s w i t c h e s s u p p o r t m i n i -R M O N i n h a r d w a r e o n e a c h p o r t , w h i c h c o n s i s t s o f f o u r b a s i c R M O N -1 g r o u p s : S t a t i s t i c s ( g r o u p 1) , H i s t o r y ( g r o u p 2) , A l a r m s ( g r o u p 3) , a n d E v e n t s ( g r o u p 9) . T h e m o st p o w e g r o u p s .A s d is c w h e n a n a n o m a to p o ll c o u n te rs p o r ts .N e x t,R M d e fin e d v a ria n c C o n fig c re a tio p a c k a g s e ttin g u ra tio n n o f th e e s ,s u c h o f R M O rfu l u sse lo u s o r R O N e fro o f ro a N th r w s s th th p a r t o f R M O N -1 i s t h e th d ,th e c o n f ig u r a tio n o f R M c o n d itio n o c c u r s .O n c e k M O N h is to ry g ro u p s a n d ris in g a n d fa llin g th re s h o m th e b a s e lin e . e sh o f e C re s o ld s p a ra is c o h o ld re s h ol d m e ch a nis m O N th re s h o ld s a llo w e y p o rts h a v e b e e n id c re a te b a s e lin e s re c o ld s c a n b e s e t a n d a la p r s e n rd rm o v id e d b y th e th e s w itc h to tif ie d ,S N M P in g n o rm a l tr s c o n fig u re d a l a rm a nd e v e nt s e n d a n S N M P tra p c a n b e u s e d in o rd e r a ffic a c tiv ity fo r th o s e fo r w h e n th e re is a

is b e s t p e r f o r m e d w ith a n R M O N m a n a g e m e n t p a c k a g e ,s in c e th e s u c c e s s f u l m e te r s in A la r m a n d E v e n t ta b le s is te d io u s .C o m m e r c ia l R M O N N M S T r a f f i c D i r e c t o r , p a r t o f C i s c o W o r k s 20 0 0 , i n c o r p o r a t e G U I s t h a t m a k e t h e s m u c h s im p le r. e s a u se fu l ra n u ltic a s t,a n d b o b e c o n fig u re t o f p o llin g to w ith o u t s u b s ta s a re u se d . g e o f L 2tr a f f ic s ta ro a d c a s t tra ffic a s d to s to re th e s e s a m b e re d u c e d w ith o u n tia l p o llin g o v e rh p o rta n d in g U d fro m n e x te r tis tic s .T h e o w e ll a s a v a r p le d v a lu e s t re d u c in g th e a d .H o w e v e th e re s u p 18) th e S P itc h P r b je c ts in ie ty o f in th e e s a m p le r ,th e

F o r b a s e lin e p u r p o s e s ,th e e th e r S ta ts g r o u p p r o v id th is ta b le c a n b e u s e d to g e t s ta tis tic s o n u n ic a s t,m L 2e r r o r s .T h e R M O N a g e n t o n th e s w itc h c a n a ls h is to r y g r o u p .T h is m e c h a n is m e n a b le s th e a m o u n r a te .R M O N h is to r ie s c a n g iv e a c c u r a te b a s e lin e s m o r e h is to r ie s c o lle c te d ,th e m o r e s w itc h r e s o u r c e W h ile s w itc h e s p ro v id e o n ly fo u r b a s ic R M O N -1 a n d R M O N -2. A l l g r o u p s a r e P r o b e C o n f i g ( g r o u p 19) . L 3 a n d h i g h e r o r V L A N A C L re d ire c t fe a tu re s th a t e n in te rn a l N e tw o rk A n a ly s is M o d u le (N A g ro u p s d e fin e in fo rm a b le y o M ).

o f R M d in R F a tio n c u to c o

O N -1, i t i s i m C 20 21, i n c l u a n b e re trie v e p y tra ffic to a

t n o t to fo rg e t s rH is to ry (g ro s w itc h e s w ith n a l R M O N S w

t o f a n d A N p o rt o b e o r a n

N A M s s u p p o r t a l l R M O N g r o u p s a n d c a n e v e n e x a m i n e a p p l ica tion l a y e r da ta , i n c l u d i n g N e t f l o w d a t a e x p o r te d f r o m C a ta ly s ts w h e n M L S is e n a b le d .R u n n in g M L S m e a n s th a t th e r o u te r d o e s n o t s w itc h a ll h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 92 o f 10 9 p a c k e t s i n a f l o w , s o o n l y N e t f l o w d a t a -e x p o r t a n d n o t i n t e r f a c e c o u n t e r s g i v e r e l i a b l e V L A N a c c o u n tin g . Y o u V L A S N M a u to T h fro S P C o c a n u s N a n d P -c o n m a te .T e a u p tro h e S P A N p o lo a d th e p lla b le th ro T ra ffic D a ts to s p a n N o r e v e n o n tin u o u s e C a ta ly s t rt a n d a s a c k e ts to u g h th e S ire c to r m n in g a o n e 1G ly ru n n S w itc h w itc h d e c o d P A N a k e s u p ro e w g ro se b e to ith a u p in o f th e A N .E u p le x b a n d w n a ly z e c a p R M th e se f tu re a p O N m a C IS C O e a tu re s a c k e n a g e -S T A w ith t s tre a m fo r a m e n t p a c k a g e C K -M I B , s o its ro v in g a g e b p s p b a n d a ta is o r m o p a rtic .T h e th is p n t fe a u la r S P A ro c e tu re p o r t,tr u n k ,o r N p o rt is s s is e a s y to .

e re m o A N n fig

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v e n if y p o rt c a n id th ,c h r (S P A N

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r o b e ,th e e n tire p a c k e t s tre a m w id th o f th e S P A N p o r t.I f th e b e in g lo s t.R e f e r to re d e ta ils .

R e com m e nda tion C is c m a n tra ff b a se su p p o re c o m m e n d s a g e m e n t in a m ic o v e rh e a d a n d lin e .R M O N n e o r t.I s s u e th e s e

set sn mp set sn mp !--- F o r

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th re s h o ld s a n d a le rtin g b e d e p n t w a y th a n S N M P p o llin g a lo n e tw o rk to a le rt in te llig e n tly w iv e n b y a n e x te rn a l a g e n t s u c h in o rd e r to e n a b le R M O N :

n etf l ow en ab l e m od m o d u l e o n l y .

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n e tw o rk o rk m a n a g e m e n t a n g e d fro m th e e re is n o C L I

r mon en ab l e ex ten d ed r mon u s e w i t h N A M

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p o rta n t to re m e m b e r u l t i -p o r t R M O N p r o le c o n d itio n s ,k e e p in lin g u p R M O N .A ls o ie d a s im p o rta n t in th

th a t b e .T m in re m e p la

th e p rim a ry fu n c tio h e r e f o r e ,a s y o u s e d th a t re s o u rc e s a re e m b e r th e c ritic a l p n n in g s ta g e .

n o f a s w itc h t u p h is to rie s b e in g c o n s u o rt ru le : o n ly

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M e m ory R e q uire m e nts R M O N m e m e v e n ts .R M O th is c a s e ) .T h D ir e c to r ) ,th e c o n s id e ra tio n o ry u s a g e is c o n s ta n t a N u s e s a b u c k e t in o rd e b u c k e t s iz e is d e fin e n s e n t to th e s w itc h in o n o ld e r S u p e rv is o r E a t e l y 450 fo u r g ro u n t fo r R M e m o ry u s K o p s o O N a g e c ro s s a ll s w e r to s to re h d o n th e R M o rd e r to b e n g in e s w ith itc h p la tfo rm s re la tin is to rie s a n d s ta tis tic s O N p ro b e (S w itc h P s e t.T y p ic a lly ,m e m o l e s s t h a n 32M B o f D M P la rm th e O N g to s o n th ro b e ) ry c o R A M ta tis tic e R M O o r R M n s tra in .R e f e s ,h N O N ts a r to is to r ie s ,a la r m s ,a n d a g e n t ( th e s w itc h ,in a p p lic a tio n (T ra ffic re o n ly a th e s e g u id e lin e s :

A p p ro x im (w h ic h is re q u ire m e R M O N m

f c o d e s p a c e is a d d e d to th e N f R M O N : s ta tis tic s ,h is to r y ,a v a rie s b e c a u s e it d e p e n d s o n i n f o r m a t i o n f o r e a c h m i n i -R M

im a g e s ,a n d r u n -t i m g ro u p

in o rd e v e n ts e c o n is e x p

e r t o s u p p o r t m i n i -R M O N ) .T h e d y n a m ic m e m o r y f i g u r a t i o n . T h e r u n -t i m e la in e d h e re :

E t h e r n e t S t a t i s t i c s g r o u p T a k e s 80 0 b y t e s f o r e a c h s w i t c h e d E t h e r n e t / F E i n t e r f a c e . H i s t o r y g r o u p F o r t h e E t h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e , e a c h c o n f i g u r e d h i s t o r y c o n t r o l e n t r y w i t h 50 b u c k e t s t a k e s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 3.6K B m e m o r y s p a c e a n d 56 b y t e s f o r e a c h a d d i t i o n a l b u c k e t . h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 93 o f 10 9 A l a r m s a n d E v e n t s g r o u p s T a k e s 2.6K B f o r e a c h c o n f i g u r e d a l a r m e v e n t e n trie s . a n d its c o rre s p o n d in g

T o s a v e t h e R M O N -r e l a t e d c o n f i g u r a t i o n t a k e s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 20 K N V R A M o f s p a c e i f t h e s y s t e m t o t a l N V R A M s i z e i s 256K o r m o r e a n d 10 K N V R A M o f s p a c e i f t h e t o t a l N V R A M s i z e i s 128K .

N etw o rk T ime P ro to c o l
T h e N T P , R F C 130 5 , s y n c h r o n i z e s t i m e k e e p i n g a m o n g a s e t o f d i s t r i b u t e d t i m e -s e r v e r s a n d c l i e n t s a n d a l l o w s e v e n t s t o b e c o r r e l a t e d w h e n s y s t e m l o g s a r e c r e a t e d o r o t h e r t i m e -s p e c i f i c e v e n t s o c c u r . N T P p ro v id e s c lie m illis e c o n d s o n W ( U T C ) .T y p ic a l N o rd e r to a c h ie v e h in o rd e r to p re v e n n t tim e a c c u r a c ie s ,ty p ic a lly w ith in a m illis A N s ,r e la tiv e to a p r im a r y s e r v e r s y n c h r o n T P c o n fig u ra tio n s u tiliz e m u ltip le re d u n d a n ig h a c c u r a c y a n d r e lia b ility .S o m e c o n f ig u r t a c c id e n ta l o r m a lic io u s p ro to c o l a tta c k s . e c o n iz e d t se r a tio n d o n L A N s to C o o rd in a v e rs a n d d iv s in c lu d e c r a n d u p to te d U n iv e rs e n e tw y p to g ra p a fe w te e rs a l T im o rk p a th h ic a u th e n s o f e s in n tic a tio n

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w N T P w a s f i r s t d o c u m e n t e d i n R F C 958 , b u t h a s e v o l v e d t h r o u g h R F C 1119 ( N T P v e r s i o n 2) a n d i s n o w i n i t s t h i r d v e r s i o n a s d e f i n e d i n R F C 130 5 . I t r u n s o v e r t h e U D P p o r t 123. A l l N T P c o m m u n ic a tio n u s e s U T C ,w h ic h is th e s a m e tim e a s G r e e n w ic h M e a n T im e . A cce s s ing P ub l ic T im e S e rv e rs T h e N T P s u b n e t p r e s e n t l y i n c l u d e s o v e r 50 p u b l i c p r i m a r y s e r v e r s s y n c h r o n i z e d d i r e c t l y t o U T C b y r a d io ,s a te llite ,o r m o d e m .N o r m a lly ,c lie n t w o r k s ta tio n s a n d s e r v e r s w ith a r e la tiv e ly s m a ll n u m b e r o f c l i e n t s d o n o t s y n c h r o n i z e t o p r i m a r y s e r v e r s . T h e r e a r e a b o u t 10 0 p u b l i c s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r s s y n c h r o n i z e d t o t h e p r i m a r y s e r v e r s t h a t p r o v i d e s y n c h r o n i z a t i o n t o o v e r 10 0 ,0 0 0 c l i e n t s a n d s e r v e r s o n th e I n te r n e t.T h e c u r r e n t lis ts a r e m a in ta in e d o n th e L is t o f P u b lic N T P S e r v e r s p a g e ,w h ic h is u p d a te d r e g u la r ly .T h e r e a r e n u m e r o u s p r iv a te p r im a r y a n d s e c o n d a r y s e r v e r s n o t n o r m a lly a v a ila b le to th e p u b lic a s w e ll.F o r a lis t o f p u b lic N T P s e r v e r s a n d in f o r m a tio n a b o u t h o w to u s e th e m ,c o n s u lt th e U n iv e rs ity o f D e la w a re T im e S y n c h ro n iz a tio n S e rv e r w e b s ite . S in c e th e re is n o g u a ra n te e th a t th e s e p u b lic In te r n e t N T P s e rv e rs w ill b e a v a ila b le ,o r th a t th e y p ro d u c e th e c o r r e c t tim e ,it is s tr o n g ly a d v is e d th a t o th e r o p tio n s b e c o n s id e r e d .T h is c o u ld in c lu d e th e u s e o f v a rio u s s ta n d a lo n e G lo b a l P o s itio n in g S e rv ic e (G P S ) d e v ic e s d ire c tly c o n n e c te d to a n u m b e r o f ro u te rs . A n o th e r p o s s ib le o p tio n is th e u s e o f v a rio u s ro u te rs c o n fig u re d a s S tra tu m n o t re c o m m e n d e d . S tra tum E a c h N T is .S tr a tu se rv e rs o tim e d e ta m P se rv e r 1s e r v b ta in tim ils fro m a d o p ts a e rs h a v e e d e ta ils S tra tu m s tra tu a c c e s fro m 2s e r v m th a t in d ic a te s h o w fa r a w a y fro m a n e x te rn a l s o u rc e o f tim e th e s e rv e r s to s o m e k in d o f e x te r n a l tim e s o u r c e ,s u c h a s a r a d io c lo c k .S tr a tu m 2 a n o m in a te d s e t o f S tr a tu m 1s e r v e r s ,w h ile S tr a tu m 3s e r v e r s o b ta in e r s ,a n d s o o n . 1m a s te r s ,a lth o u g h th is is

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 94 o f 10 9 S e rv e r P e e r R e l a tions h ip A s e r v e r is o n e th a t r e s p o n d s to c lie n t r e q u e s ts ,b u t d o e s n o t tr y to in c o r p o r a te a n y d a te in fo rm a tio n fro m a c lie n t tim e s o u rc e . A p e e r is o n e th a t r e s p o n d s to c lie n t r e q u e s ts ,b u t tr ie s to u s e th e c lie n t r e q u e s ts a s b e in g a p o te n tia l c a n d id a te fo r a b e tte r tim e s o u rc e a n d to a id in s ta b iliz a tio n o f its c lo c k fre q u e n c y . I n o r d e r to b e a tr u e p e e r ,b o th s id e s o f th e c o n n e c tio n m u s t e n te r in to a p e e r r e la tio n s h ip r a th e r th a n h a v e o n e u s e r a p e e r a n d th e o th e r u s e r a s e r v e r .I t is a ls o r e c o m m e n d e d th a t p e e r s e x c h a n g e k e y s s o th a t o n ly tru s te d h o s ts ta lk to e a c h o th e r a s p e e rs . I n a c lie n t r e q u e s t to a s e r v e r ,th e s e r v e r a n s w e r s th e c lie n t a n d f o r g e ts th a t th e c lie n t e v e r a s k e d a q u e s tio n ; in a c lie n t r e q u e s t to a p e e r ,th e s e r v e r a n s w e r s th e c lie n t a n d k e e p s s ta te in f o r m a tio n a b o u t th e c lie n t to tra c k h o w w e ll it is d o in g a t tim e k e e p in g a n d w h a t s tra tu m s e rv e r it is ru n n in g . N ote : C a t O S c a n o n l y a c t a s a n N T P c l i e n t . I t is n o p r o b le m f o r a n N T P s e r v e r to h a n d le m a n y th o u s a n d s o f c lie n ts .H o w e v e r ,h a n d lin g h u n d r e d s o f p e e r s h a s a m e m o r y im p a c t,a n d th e s ta te m a in te n a n c e c o n s u m e s m o r e C P U r e s o u r c e s o n th e b o x a s w e ll a s b a n d w id th . P ol l ing T h e N T P p ro to c o n fig u re d in a s e c o n d ) in te rv a m in u te s ,4s e c o d o e s n o t h a v e a c o l a llo w C is c o d e ls .T h e N n d s ) ,th e m e th o d s a c v ic e T P _ m a x to m lie n t to q u e r y a s e r v e r a n y tim e it w is h e s .I n f a c t,w h e n N ,it s e n d s o u t e ig h t q u e r ie s in r a p id s u c c e s s io n a t N T P _ M M A X P O L L i s 214 s e c o n d s ( w h i c h i s 16,384 s e c o n d s o r im u m tim e it ta k e s b e fo re N T P p o lls a g a in fo r a re s p o n s a n u a lly fo rc e th e P O L L tim e to b e s e t b y th e u s e r. T P IN P 4h o e .A is firs t O L L ( 24 = 16 u r s , 33 t p r e s e n t,C is c o

T h e N T P p o l l i n g c o u n t e r s t a r t s a t 26 ( 64) s e c o n d s a n d i s i n c r e m e n t e d b y p o w s e r v e r s s y n c w i t h e a c h o t h e r ) , t o 210 . T h a t i s , y o u c a n e x p e c t t h e s y n c m e s s a o f 64, 128, 256, 512, o r 10 24 s e c o n d s p e r c o n f i g u r e d s e r v e r o r p e e r . T h e t i m a n d 10 24 s e c o n d s a s a p o w e r o f t w o b a s e d o n t h e p h a s e -l o c k e d -l o o p t h a t s e n th e r e is a lo t o f jitte r in th e tim e ,it p o lls m o r e o f te n .I f th e r e f e r e n c e c lo c k is c o n n e c t i v i t y c o n s i s t e n t , y o u s e e t h e p o l l -t i m e s c o n v e r g e o n 10 24 s e c o n d s b e In se re re m to th e re a l rv e r c h a c e iv e d e sp o n se c a x im u m g o fro m w o r ld ,th is m e a n s th a t th e N T P P o ll I n te r v a l c h a n g e s a s th e c n g e s .T h e b e tte r th e c o n n e c tio n ,th e lo n g e r th e p o ll in te r v a l,m ig h t re s p o n s e s fo r its la s t e ig h t re q u e s ts (th e p o ll in te rv a l is th a u s e s th e p o ll in te r v a l to b e h a lv e d .T h e p o ll in te r v a l s ta r ts o u o f 10 24 s e c o n d s . I n t h e b e s t c i r c u m s t a n c e s , i t t a k e s a l i t t l e o v 64 s e c o n d s t o 10 24 s e c o n d s .

e rs o f tw o (a s th e tw o g e s to b e s e n t a t a n in te rv a l e v a r i e s b e t w e e n 64 s e c o n d s d s a n d r e c e iv e s p a c k e ts .I f a c c u ra te a n d th e n e tw o rk tw e e n e a c h p o ll. e c lie n t a n d c lie n t h a s g le m is s e d o e s to a o ll in te rv a l

o n n e c tio n b e tw e e n th e a n in g th a t th e N T P e n b e d o u b le d ) .A s in t a t 64 s e c o n d s a n d g e r tw o h o u rs fo r th e p

B roa dca s ts N T P b r o a d c a s t s a r e n e v e r f o r w a r d e d . T h e ntp b roa dca s t c o m m a n d c a u s e s t h e r o u t e r t o o r i g i n a t e N T P b r o a d c a s t s o n t h e i n t e r f a c e o n w h i c h i t i s c o n f i g u r e d . T h e ntp b roa dca s t cl ie nt c o m m a n d c a u s e s t h e ro u te r o r s w itc h to lis te n to N T P b ro a d c a s ts o n th e in te rfa c e o n w h ic h it is c o n fig u re d .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 95 o f 10 9 N T P T ra f f ic L e v e l s T h e b e tw W ith c lie n w h o b a e e c ts w n d w id th u tiliz e n p e e rs u s u a lly a re fu l p la n n in g m u s t p e e r to lo ill b e th e s tra tu d b y N T P is m ra tc h e ts b a c k ,th is c a n b e m c a l N T P se rv e m 2s e r v e r s . in im a l,s in c to n o m o re a in ta in e d w r s ,n o t a ll th e th e th a n ith in e w a in te rv a l b e tw e e n o n e m e ssa g e e v e r ro u te r n e tw o rk s o y a c ro s s th e W A N p o llin y 17 m v e r th to th g m in u e W e c e e ssa g e s e x c h a n g e d t e s ( 10 24 s e c o n d s ) . A N lin k s .T h e N T P n tra l s ite c o re ro u te rs

A c o n v e r g e d N T P c l i e n t u s e s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 0 .6 b i t s / s e c o n d p e r s e r v e r . R e com m e nda tion M a n fro m m o d m a n re c e re d u y c se e w a g e iv e c e d u s to m e rs h a v v e ra l re lia b le h e n o p e ra tin m e n t V L A N a c lo c k fro m b e c a u s e th e e N T P c o n fig u re fe e d s fro m th e I g a la rg e n u m b e r in a s w itc h e d d o a s in g le b ro a d c a in fo rm a tio n flo w d in c lie n t m o d e n te rn e t o r a ra d io o f s w itc h e s is to m a in .T h is m e c h s t m e s s a g e .H o w i s o n e -w a y . to d a y o n th e ir c lo c k .H o w e v e n a b le N T P in a n is m a llo w s a e v e r ,th e a c c u r C a tO S p la tf o r m s ,s y n c h e r ,a s im p le r a lte r n a tiv e b ro a d c a s t c lie n t m o d e n e n tire d o m a in o f C a ta a c y o f tim e k e e p in g is m ro n iz e d to s e rv e r o n th e ly s ts to a rg in a lly

U s in g lo o p b a c k a d d r e s s e s a s th e s o u r c e o f u p d a te s c a n a ls o h e lp w ith c o n s is te n c y .S e c u r ity c o n c e r n s c a n b e a d d re s s e d in th e s e tw o w a y s : F ilte rin g s e rv e r u p d a te s A u th e n tic a tio n T im e c o r r e la tio n o f e v e n ts is e x tr e m e ly v a lu a b le in tw o c a s e s : tr o u b le s h o o tin g a n d s e c u r ity a u d its .C a r e m u s t b e ta k e n in o r d e r to p r o te c t th e tim e s o u r c e s a n d d a ta ,a n d e n c r y p tio n is r e c o m m e n d e d s o th a t k e y e v e n ts a re n o t e ra s e d e ith e r in te n tio n a lly o r u n in te n tio n a lly . C is c o re c o m m e n d s th e s e c o n fig u ra tio n s :
set n tp set n tp set n tp !--- T h i s set n tp set n tp b r oad castcl i en t en ab l e au then ti cati on en ab l e k ey k ey i s a M e s s a g e D i g e s t

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!--- T h i s !--- m o r e m o r e t r a d i t i o n a l c o n f i g u r a t i o n c r e a t e s c o n f i g u r a t i o n w o r k a n d N T P p e e r i n g s . of ti m e s erv er

set n tp cl i en t en ab l e set n tp ser v er I P ad d res s set ti mez on e z one nam e

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11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 96 o f 10 9

set su mmer ti me d ate c h ange d etai l s

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!--- T h i s i s a s a m p l e r o u t e r c o n f i g u r a t i o n t o d i s t r i b u t e !--- N T P b r o a d c a s t i n f o r m a t i o n t o t h e C a t a l y s t b r o a d c a s t n tp sou r ce l oop b ack 0 n tp ser v er I P ad d res s of ti m e s erv er n tp u p d ate-cal en d ar cl ock ti mez on e z one nam e cl ock su mmer -ti me d ate c h ange d etai l s n tp access-g r ou p ac c es s -l i s t !--- T o f i l t e r u p d a t e s t o a l l o w o n l y c l i e n t s .

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C in la th D P e x c h a n g e s th e d e te rm in a y e r .S u p p o r te d e e n h a n c e m e n in tio d ts fo rm a tio n b e tw e e n n o f th e n e tw o rk to e v ic e s a re m a in ly s o f C D P v e r s io n 2o a d ja c e n t d e p o lo g y a n d w itc h e s ,r o u v e r v e rs io n v ic e s o v e r th e d a ta lin k la y e r a n d is e x tre m e ly h e lp fu l p h y s ic a l c o n fig u ra tio n o u ts id e o f th e lo g ic a l o r IP te r s ,a n d I P p h o n e s .T h is s e c tio n h ig h lig h ts s o m e o f 1.

O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w C D P u s e s S N A P e n c a p s u l a t i o n w i t h t y p e c o d e 20 0 0 . O n E t h e r n e t , A T M , a n d F D D I , t h e d e s t i n a t i o n m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s 01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc, H D L C p rotocol ty p e 0x 2 000 i s u s e d . O n T o k e n R i n g s , t h e f u n c t i o n a l a d d r e s s c 0 0 0 .0 80 0 .0 0 0 0 i s u s e d . C D P f r a m e s a r e s e n t p e r i o d i c a l l y e v e r y m i n u t e b y d e f a u l t . C D P m e s s a g e s c o n t a i n o n e o r m o r e s u b -m e s s a g e s t h a t a l l o w t h e d e s t i n a t i o n d e v i c e s t o g a t h e r a n d s t o r e in fo rm a tio n a b o u t e v e ry n e ig h b o r d e v ic e . C D P v e r s io n 1s u p p o r ts th e s e p a r a m e te r s : P a ra m e te r 1 2 3 T y p e D e v i c e -I D A d d re ss P o r t -I D H o s tn a m e o f th e d e v ic e o r h a rd w a re s e ria l n u m b e r in A S C II. T h e L 3a d d r e s s o f th e in te r f a c e th a t h a s s e n t th e u p d a te . D e s crip tion

T h e p o rt o n w h ic h th e C D P u p d a te h a s b e e n s e n t. D e s c rib e s th e fu n c tio n a l c a p a b ilitie s o f th e d e v ic e :

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 97 o f 10 9 R o u te r : 0 x 0 1T B B r id g e : 0 x 0 2S R B r id g e : 0 x 0 4S w itc h : 0 x 0 8 ( P r o v id e s L 2a n d /o r L 3s w itc h in g ) H o s t : 0 x 10 I G M P c o n d i t i o n a l C a p a b ilitie s f i l t e r i n g : 0 x 20 T h e B r i d g e o r S w itc h d o e s n o t fo rw a rd IG M P r e p o r t p a c k e t s o n n o n -r o u t e r p o r t s . R e p e a t e r : 0 x 40 V e rs io n P la tfo rm A c h a ra c te r s trin g c o n ta in in g th e s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n ( s a m e a s i n s h ow v e rs ion) .

5 6

H a r d w a r e p la tf o r m ,s u c h a s W S C 50 0 0 , W S -C 60 0 9, o r C i s c o R S P .

I n C D P v e r s i o n 2, a d d i t i o n a l p r o t o c o l f i e l d s h a v e b e e n i n t r o d u c e d . C D P v e r s i o n 2 s u p p o r t s a n y f i e l d , b u t th e o n e s lis te d c a n b e p a rtic u la rly u s e fu l in s w itc h e d e n v iro n m e n ts a n d a re u s e d in C a tO S . N ote : W h e n a s w i t c h r u n s C D P v 1, i t d r o p s v 2 f r a m e s . W h e n a s w i t c h r u n n i n g C D P v 2 r e c e i v e s a C D P v 1f r a m e o n a n in te r f a c e ,it s ta r ts to s e n d o u t C D P v 1f r a m e s o u t o f th a t in te r f a c e in a d d itio n to C D P v 2f r a m e s . P a ra m e te r 9 10 11 V T P D o m a in N a tiv e V L A N T y p e T h e V T P D o m a in ,if c o n f ig u r e d o n th e d e v ic e . I n d o t 1q , t h i s i s t h e u n t a g g e d V L A N . D e s crip tion

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T h is fie ld c o n ta in s th e d u p le x s e ttin g o f th e s e n d in g p o rt.

R e com m e nda tion C D P is e n a b le d b y d e fa u lt a n d is e s s e n tia l to g a in v is ib ility o f a d ja c e n t d e v ic e s a n d fo r tro u b le s h o o tin g . I t is a ls o u s e d b y n e tw o r k m a n a g e m e n t a p p lic a tio n s to b u ild L 2to p o lo g y m a p s .I s s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o rd e r to s e t u p C D P :
set cd p en ab l e i s t h e v 2 d e f a u l t . d e f a u l t . !--- T h i s set cd p !--- T h i s

v er si on i s t h e

I n p a r t s o f t h e n e t w o r k w h e r e a h i g h l e v e l o f s e c u r i t y i s r e q u i r e d ( s u c h a s I n t e r n e t -f a c i n g D M Z s ) , C D P m u s t b e tu rn e d o ff a s s u c h :
set cd p d i sab l e port range

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 98 o f 10 9

T h e s h ow cdp ne ig h b ors c o m m a n d d i s p l a y s t h e l o c a l C D P t a b l e . E n t r i e s m a r k e d w i t h a s t a r ( * ) i n d i c a t e a V L A N m is m a tc h ; e n tr ie s m a r k e d w ith a # in d ic a te a d u p le x m is m a tc h .T h is c a n b e a v a lu a b le h e lp f o r tro u b le s h o o tin g .

>show cd p * # - i n - i n P o r t ----3/ 1 3/ 8 15/ 1 16 / 1 n ei g hb or s c h . a t c h . P o r t -I D ------3/ 1 1/ 1 V L A N 1 V l a n 2 d i c a t e s v l a n m i s m a t d i c a t e s d u p l e x m i s m D e v i c e -I D -----------------T B A 0 40 6 0 10 3( s w i -2) T B A 0 330 0 0 8 1( s w i -3) r t r -1-m s f c M S F C 1b

P l a t f o r m -----------W S -C 6 50 6 W S -C 6 50 6 c i s c o C a t 6 k -M S F C c i s c o C a t 6 k -M S F C

O th e r O p tions S o m e s w i t c h e s , l i k e t h e C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 , h a v e t h e a b i l i t y t o s u p p l y p o w e r b y w a y o f U T P c a b l e s t o I P p h o n e s .I n f o r m a tio n r e c e iv e d b y w a y o f C D P a s s is ts p o w e r m a n a g e m e n t o n th e s w itc h . A s I P p h o n e s c a n h a v e a P C c o n n e c te d to th e m ,a n d b o th d e v ic e s c o n n e c t to th e s a m e p o r t o n th e C a ta ly s t,th e s w itc h h a s th e a b ility to p u t th e V o I P p h o n e in a s e p a r a te V L A N ,th e a u x ilia r y .T h is a llo w s th e s w itc h to e a s ily a p p ly a d iffe re n t Q u a lity o f S e rv ic e (Q o S ) fo r th e V o IP tra ffic . I n a d d itio n ,if th e a u x ilia r y V L A N is m o d if ie d ( f o r e x a m p le ,in o r d e r to f o r c e th e p h o n e to u s e a s p e c if ic V L A N o r s p e c if ic ta g g in g m e th o d ) ,th is in f o r m a tio n is s e n t to th e p h o n e b y w a y o f C D P . P a ra m e te r 14 16 T y p e A p p lia n c e ID P o w e r C o n s u m p tio n A llo w s th e V d iffe re n tia te d tr a f f ic ,a s b y (a u x ilia ry V L D e s crip tion o IP fro se p A N tra ffic to b e m o th e r a r a t e V L A N -i d ).

T h e a m o u n t o f p o w e r a V o IP p h o n e c o n s u m e s ,in m illiw a tts .

N ote : C a t a l y s t 290 0 a n d 350 0 X L s w i t c h e s d o n o t c u r r e n t l y s u p p o r t C D P v 2.

S ec u r i ty Conf i g u r a ti on
I d e a lly ,th e c u s to m e r h a s a lr e a d y e s ta b lis h e d a s e c u r ity p o lic y to h e lp d e f in e w h a t to o ls a n d te c h n o lo g ie s fro m C is c o a re q u a lifie d . N ote : C i s c o I O S S o f t w a r e s e c u r i t y , a s o p p o s e d t o C a t O S , i s d e a l t w i t h i n m a n y d o c u m e n t s , s u c h a s C is c o IS P E s s e n tia ls .

B a sic S ec urity F ea tures

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i t c ... P a g e 99 o f 10 9 P a s s w ords C o n f i g u r e a u s e r l e v e l p a s s w o r d ( l o g i n ) . P a s s w o r d s a r e c a s e s e n s i t i v e i n C a t O S 5.x a n d l a t e r , a n d c a n b e f r o m 0 t o 30 c h a r a c t e r s i n l e n g t h , i n c l u d i n g s p a c e s . S e t t h e e n a b l e p a s s w o r d :

set p asswor d pas s w ord set en ab l ep ass pas s w ord

A ll p a s s w o r d s m u s t m e e t m in im u m le n g th s ta n d a r d s ( f o r e x a m p le ,s ix c h a r a c te r s m in im u m ,a m ix o f l e t t e r s a n d n u m b e r s , u p p e r - a n d l o w e r -c a s e l e t t e r s ) f o r l o g i n a n d e n a b l e p a s s w o r d s w h e n u s e d . T h e s e p a s s w o r d s a r e e n c r y p te d u s in g th e M D 5h a s h in g a lg o r ith m . I n o r d e r to a llo w f o r m o r e f le x ib ility in m a n a g in g p a s s w o r d s e c u r ity a n d d e v ic e a c c e s s ,C is c o r e c o m m e n d s th e u s e o f a T A C A C S + s e r v e r .R e f e r to th e T A C A C S + s e c tio n o f th is d o c u m e n t f o r m o r e in fo rm a tio n . S e cure S h e l l U tiliz e S S H e n c ry p tio n in o rd e r to p ro v id e s e c u rity fo r T e ln e t s e s s io n s a n d o th e r re m o te c o n n e c tio n s to th e s w itc h .S S H e n c r y p tio n is s u p p o r te d f o r r e m o te lo g in s to th e s w itc h o n ly .Y o u c a n n o t e n c r y p t T e ln e t s e s s i o n s t h a t a r e i n i t i a t e d f r o m t h e s w i t c h . S S H v e r s i o n 1 i s s u p p o r t e d i n C a t O S 6.1, a n d v e r s i o n 2 s u p p o r t w a s a d d e d i n C a t O S 8.3. S S H v e r s i o n 1 s u p p o r t s t h e D a t a E n c r y p t i o n S t a n d a r d ( D E S ) a n d T r i p l e -D E S ( 3-D E S ) e n c r y p t i o n m e t h o d s , a n d S S H v e r s i o n 2 s u p p o r t s t h e 3-D E S a n d A d v a n c e d E n c r y p tio n S ta n d a r d ( A E S ) e n c r y p tio n m e th o d s .Y o u c a n u s e S S H e n c r y p tio n w ith R A D I U S a n d T A C A C S + a u t h e n t i c a t i o n . T h i s f e a t u r e i s s u p p o r t e d w i t h S S H ( k 9) i m a g e s . R e f e r t o H o w t o C o n f i g u r e S S H o n C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s R u n n in g C a tO S fo r d e ta ils .
set cr yp to k ey r sa 1 0 2 4

I n o r d e r to d is a b le v e r s io n 1f a llb a c k a n d a c c e p t v e r s io n 2c o n n e c tio n s ,is s u e th is c o m m a n d :

set ssh mod e v 2

IP P e rm it F il te rs T h e s e a re filte rs to s a fe g u a rd a c c e s s to th e m a n a g e m e n t s c 0 in te rfa c e th ro u g h T e ln e t a n d o th e r p ro to c o ls . T h e s e a r e p a r tic u la r ly im p o r ta n t w h e n th e V L A N u s e d f o r m a n a g e m e n t a ls o c o n ta in s u s e r s .I s s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o rd e r to e n a b le IP a d d re s s a n d p o rt filte rin g :

set i p set i p p er mi t en ab l e p er mi t I P ad d res s m as k T el net| s s h | s nm p| al l

H o w e v e r ,if T e ln e t a c c e s s is r e s tr ic te d w ith th is c o m m a n d ,a c c e s s to C a tO S d e v ic e s c a n o n ly b e a c h i e v e d t h r o u g h a f e w t r u s t e d e n d -s t a t i o n s . T h i s s e t u p c a n b e a h i n d r a n c e i n t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g . K e e p i n m in d th a t it is p o s s ib le to s p o o f I P a d d r e s s e s a n d to f o o l f ilte r e d a c c e s s ,s o th is is o n ly th e f ir s t la y e r o f p ro te c tio n .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 0 o f 10 9 P ort S e curity C o n s id e r u tiliz in g p o rt s e c u rity in o rd e r to p e rm it o n ly o n e o r s e v e ra l k n o w n M A C a d d re s s e s to p a s s d a ta o n a p a rtic u la r p o rt (in o rd e r to s to p s ta tic e n d s ta tio n s fro m b e in g s w a p p e d fo r n e w s ta tio n s w ith o u t c h a n g e c o n tr o l,f o r e x a m p le ) .T h is is p o s s ib le b y w ith s ta tic M A C a d d r e s s e s .
set p or t secu r i ty m od / port en ab l e M A C ad d res s

T h is is a ls o p o s s ib le b y le a rn in g re s tric te d M A C a d d re s s e s d y n a m ic a lly .
set p or t secu r i ty port range en ab l e

T h e s e o p tio n s c a n b e c o n fig u re d : s e t p ort s e curity mo d / p o r t a g e t i me v al u e s p e c i f i e s t h e d u r a t i o n f o r w h i c h a d d r e s s e s o n t h e p o r t a r e s e c u r e d b e f o r e a n e w a d d r e s s c a n b e l e a r n e d . V a l i d t i m e i n m i n u t e s i s 10 - 1440 . D e f a u l t is n o a g in g . s e t p ort s e curity mo d / p o r t m a x im um v al u e k e y w o r d t h a t s p e c i f i e s t h e m a x i m u m M A C a d d r e s s e s t o s e c u r e o n t h e p o r t . V a l i d v a l u e s a r e 1 ( d e f a u l t ) - 10 25. n u m b e r o f

s e t p ort s e curity mo d / p o r t v iol a tion s h utdow ns h u t s d o w n p o r t ( d e f a u l t ) i f v i o l a t i o n o c c u r s a s w e ll a s s e n d s s y s lo g m e s s a g e (d e fa u lt) a n d d is c a rd s th e tra ffic . s e t p ort s e curity mo d / p o r t s h utdow n t i me v al u e d u r a t i o n f o r w h i c h a p o r t r e m a i n s d i s a b l e d . V a l i d v a l u e s a r e 10 - 1440 m i n u t e s . D e f a u l t i s p e r m a n e n t l y s h u t d o w n W i t h C a t O S 6.x a n d l a to a c e n tra l s e rv e r b e fo s u c h p la tfo rm s a s W in C o n fig u rin g P o rt S e c u IO S S o ftw a re . L og in B a nne rs C r e a te a p p r o p r ia te d e v ic e b a n n e r s to s ta te s p e c if ic a lly th e a c tio n s ta k e n f o r u n a u th o r iz e d a c c e s s .D o n o t a d v e r tis e s ite n a m e o r n e tw o r k d a ta th a t c o u ld p r o v id e in f o r m a tio n to u n a u th o r iz e d u s e r s .T h e s e b a n n e r s p ro v id e re c o u rs e in c a s e a d e v ic e is c o m p ro m is e d a n d th e p e rp e tra to r is c a u g h t:.
set b an n er motd * * * U n au thor i z ed A * * * A l l tr an sacti ------------- N oti ----Con tact J oe Ci ^C # ^C ccess P r ohi b i ted * * * on s ar e l og g ed * * * ce B oar d ------------sco at 1 8 0 0 g o ci sco f or

te r ,C is c o h a re p o rts c a n d o w s X P ,b u rity fo r in fo r

s in tr b e e n t c a n m a tio

o d u c e d a b le d fo b e c o n s n o n h o

80 2.1x a r d a ta .T id e re d a w to c o n

u th e n tic a tio n h is fe a tu re is s tra te g ic d ire fig u re p o rt s e

th a t a llo w in th e e a r c tio n b y m c u rity o n

s c lie n ts ly s ta g e s a n y e n te s w itc h e s

to a u th e n tic a te o f su p p o rt o n rp ris e s .R e fe r to th a t ru n C is c o

access p r ob l ems----

P h y s ica l S e curity D e v ic e s m u s t n o t b e a c c e s s ib le p h y s ic a lly w ith o u t p r o p e r a u th o r iz a tio n ,s o th e e q u ip m e n t m u s t b e in a c o n tr o lle d ( lo c k e d ) s p a c e .in o r d e r to e n s u r e th a t th e n e tw o r k s ta y s o p e r a tio n a l a n d u n a f f e c te d b y

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 1 o f 10 9 m a so u b re m u lic rc a c c h io u s ta m e s w h e re h e d b y a m o re lik p e r in g o f e n v ir o n m e n ta l f a c to r s ,a ll e q u ip m e n t m u s t h a v e p r o p e r U P S ( w ith r e d u n d a n t p o s s ib le ) a n d te m p e r a tu r e c o n tr o l ( a ir c o n d itio n in g ) .R e m e m b e r ,if p h y s ic a l a c c e s s is p e r s o n w ith m a lic io u s in te n t,d is r u p tio n th r o u g h p a s s w o r d r e c o v e r y o r o th e r m e th o d s is e ly .

T ermina l A c c ess C o ntro l l er A c c ess C o ntro l S y stem

B y d e f a u lt,n o n a c c e s s e s th e s w n e tw o r k .T h e ir d iffic u lt to im p -p r i v i l e itc h o r im p le m le m e n t g e d a n d p riv ile g e d r o u te r ,e ith e r f r o m e n ta tio n o n n e tw o a c c e s s re s tric tio n s m th rk u s o d e e c o d e v in g p a ssw n s o le ic e s is a c c e ss o rd s a re p o rt o r th t i m e -c o n lis ts th a t g lo b ro u g su m c a n a l a n d h a T e in g a n b e p ro a p ln e d n n e p ly to e v e ry u s e r th a t t s e s s io n a c ro s s th e o n -c e n t r a l i z e d . I t i s a l s o to c o n fig u ra tio n e rro rs .

T h r e e s e c u r ity s y s te m s a r e a v a ila b le to h e lp c o n tr o l a n d p o lic e a c c e s s to n e tw o r k d e v ic e s .T h e s e u s e c lie n t/s e r v e r a r c h ite c tu r e s to p la c e a ll s e c u r ity in f o r m a tio n in a s in g le c e n tr a l d a ta b a s e .T h e s e th r e e s e c u rity s y s te m s a re : T A C A C S + R A D IU S K e rb e ro s T A C A C S + is a c o m m o n d e p lo y m e n t in C is c o n e tw o r k s a n d is th e f o c u s o f th is c h a p te r .I t p r o v id e s th e s e fe a tu re s : A u t h e n t i c a t i o n t h e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n a n d v e r i f i c a t i o n p r o c e s s f o r a u s e r . S e v e r a l m e t h o d s c a n b e u s e d to a u th e n tic a te a u s e r ,b u t th e m o s t c o m m o n in c lu d e s a c o m b in a tio n o f u s e r n a m e a n d p a ssw o rd . A u t h o r i z a t i o n o f v a r i o u s c o m m a n d s c a n b e g r a n t e d o n c e a u s e r i s a u t h e n t i c a t e d . A c c o u n t i n g t h e r e c o r d i n g w h a t a u s e r i s d o i n g o r h a s d o n e o n t h e d e v i c e . R e f e r to C o n f ig u r in g T A C A C S + ,R A D I U S ,a n d K e r b e r o s o n C is c o C a ta ly s t S w itc h e s f o r m o r e d e ta ils . O p e ra tiona l O v e rv ie w T h e T A C A C S + p r o to c o l f o r w a r d s u s e r n a m e s a n d p a s s w o r d s to th e c e n tr a liz e d s e r v e r ,e n c r y p te d o v e r t h e n e t w o r k u s i n g M D 5 o n e -w a y h a s h i n g ( R F C 1321 ) . I t u s e s T C P p o r t 49 a s i t s t r a n s p o r t p r o t o c o l ; th is o ffe rs th e s e a d v a n ta g e s o v e r U D P (u s e d b y R A D IU S ): C o n n e c tio n o rie n te d tra n s p o rt S e p a r a te a c k n o w le d g e m e n t th a t a r e q u e s t h a s b e e n r e c e iv e d ( T C P A C K ) ,r e g a r d le s s o f h o w lo a d e d th e b a c k e n d a u th e n tic a tio n m e c h a n is m is c u rre n tly Im m e d ia te in d ic a tio n o f a s e rv e r c ra s h (R S T p a c k e ts ) D u r in g a s e s s io n ,if a d d itio n a l a u th o r iz a tio n c h e c k in g is n e e d e d ,th e s w itc h c h e c k s w ith T A C A C S + to

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 2 o f 10 9 d e te r o v e r m e c h is s u e m in e if th e u s th e c o m m a n d a n is m .U s in g d w h ile a tta c h e r is g s th a t c o m m e d to ra n te c a n b a n d a p a r d p e e a c c tic u e rm is s io n to u s e a x e c u te d o n th e s w o u n tin g ,it is p o s s la r n e tw o rk d e v ic p a r tic u la r c o m m a n d .T h is p r o v id e s g r e a te r c o n tr o l i t c h w h i l e d e -c o u p l i n g f r o m t h e a u t h e n t i c a t i o n ib le to a u d it th e c o m m a n d s a p a rtic u la r u s e r h a s e .

W h e n a u s e r a tte m p ts a s im p le A S C I I lo g in b y a u th e n tic a tin g to a n e tw o r k d e v ic e w ith T A C A C S + ,th is p ro c e s s ty p ic a lly o c c u rs : W h u se c o n p a s d a e e n th e c o n rn a m e p ro ta c ts th e T sw o rd p ro m o n . n e c tio n is m p t,w h ic A C A C S + m p t to th e e s ta b lis h h is th e n d a e m o n u s e r ,w h e d ,th d is p la in o rd o th e n e s w itc y e d to e r to o e n te rs h c o n ta c ts th e u s e r .T b ta in a p a s a p a ssw o r th e T A h e u se sw o rd d th a t C A C S + d a e m o r e n te rs a u s e rn a p r o m p t.T h e s w is a ls o s e n t to th n to o b ta m e ,a n d itc h d is p e T A C A in a th e s w itc h la y s th e C S +

T h e n e tw o rk d e v ic e e v e n tu a lly re c e iv e s o n e o f th e s e re s p o n s e s fro m

th e T A C A C S + d a e m o n :

A C C E P T t h e u s e r i s a u t h e n t i c a t e d a n d s e r v i c e c a n b e g i n . I f t h e n e t w o r k d e v i c e i s c o n f ig u r e d to r e q u ir e a u th o r iz a tio n ,a u th o r iz a tio n b e g in s a t th is tim e . R E J E C T t h e u s e r h a s f a i l e d t o a u t h e n t i c a t e . T h e u s e r c a n b e d e n i e d f u r t h e r a c c e s s o r i s p ro m p te d to re try th e lo g in s e q u e n c e d e p e n d in g o n th e T A C A C S + d a e m o n . E R R O d a e m o re sp o n to a u th R a n e r r o r n o r in th e n s e is re c e iv e e n tic a te th e o c c u r r e d a t s o m e tim e d u r in g a u th e n tic a tio n .T h is c a n b e e ith e r a t th e e tw o r k c o n n e c tio n b e tw e e n th e d a e m o n a n d th e s w itc h .I f a n E R R O R d ,th e n e tw o r k d e v ic e ty p ic a lly tr ie s to u s e a n a lte r n a tiv e m e th o d in o r d e r u se r.

C O N T I N U E t h e u s e r i s p r o m p t e d f o r a d d i t i o n a l a u t h e n t i c a t i o n i n f o r m a t i o n . U s e rs m u s t firs t s u c c e s s fu lly c o m p le te T A C A C S + a u th e n tic a tio n b e fo re th e y p ro c e e d to T A C A C S + a u th o riz a tio n . If T A A C C c o n ta th a t u C A C S + E P T o r R in s d a ta s e r ,a n d a u E in d e th JE th te o riz a tio n C T a u th o e fo rm o f rm in e th e is re q u riz a tio a ttrib u c o m m ir e d ,th e T A C A C n r e s p o n s e .I f a n te s th a t a re u s e d a n d s th a t th e u s e S + A C to d r c a d a C E ire n a e m o n is a g a in c o n ta c te d a n d re tu rn s a n P T r e s p o n s e is r e tu r n e d ,th e r e s p o n s e c t th e E X E C o r N E T W O R K s e s s io n fo r c c e ss.

R e com m e nda tion C is c o r e c o m m e n d s th e u s e o f T A C A C S + ,a s it c a n b e e a s ily im p le m e n te d u s in g C is c o S e c u r e A C S f o r h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 3 o f 10 9 N T , U n i x , o r o t h e r t h i r d -p a r t y s o f t w a r e . T A C A C S + f e a t u r e s i n c l u d e d e t a i l e d a c c o u n t i n g t o p r o v i d e s ta tis tic s o n c o m m a n d u s a g e a n d s y s te m u s a g e ,M D 5e n c r y p tio n a lg o r ith m ,a n d a d m in is tr a tiv e c o n tr o l o f a u th e n tic a tio n a n d a u th o riz a tio n p ro c e s s e s . I n th is e x a m p le ,lo g in a n d e n a b le m o d e s u s e th e T A C A C S + s e r v e r f o r A u th e n tic a tio n a n d c a n f a ll b a c k to lo c a l a u th e n tic a tio n if th e s e r v e r is u n a v a ila b le .T h is is a n im p o r ta n t b a c k d o o r to le a v e in m o s t n e tw o r k s .I s s u e th e s e c o m m a n d s in o r d e r to s e t u p T A C A C S + :
set tacacs ser v er set tacacs ser v er !--- R e d u n d a n t s erv er I P s erv er I P a r e p r i mar y

s e r v e r s

p o s s i b l e .

set tacacs attemp ts 3 !--- T h i s i s t h e d e f a u l t .

set tacacs k ey k ey !--- M D 5 e n c r y p t i o n k e y .

set tacacs ti meou t 1 5 !--- L o n g e r set set set set au au au au then then then then ti ti ti ti s e r v e r cati cati cati cati on on on on t i m e o u t l og i en ab l og i en ab n ( 5 i s d e f a u l t ) .

tacacs en ab l e l e tacacs en ab l e n l ocal en ab l e l e l ocal en ab l e d e f a u l t ; t h e y a v a i l a b l e . a l l o w f a l l b a c k

!--- T h e l a s t !--- t o l o c a l

t w o c o m m a n d s a r e t h e i f n o T A C A C S + s e r v e r

O th e r O p tions It is p o s s ib le to u s e T A C A C S + e x e c u te o n th e s w itc h ,b u t it is in d iv id u a l re q u ire m e n ts in th is A u th o r iz a tio n ,a n d A c c o u n tin g a u th o riz a tio n d iffic u lt to m a a re a .R e fe r to fo r m o re in fo t o c o n t r o l t h e c o m m a n d s e a c h u s e r o r u s e r -g r o u p c a n k e a re c o m m e n d a tio n b e c a u s e a ll c u s to m e rs h a v e C o n tro llin g A c c e s s to th e S w itc h U s in g A u th e n tic a tio n , rm a tio n .

F in a lly ,a c c o u n tin g c o m m a n d s p r o v id e a n a u d it tr a il o f w h a t e a c h u s e r ty p e d a n d c o n f ig u r e d .T h is is a n e x a m p le u s in g th e c o m m o n p ra c tic e o f re c e iv in g th e a u d it in fo rm a tio n a t th e e n d o f th e c o m m a n d :

set set set set set accou accou accou accou accou n ti n ti n ti n ti n ti n g n g n g n g n g con n ect en ab l e star t-stop tacacs+ ex ec en ab l e star t-stop tacacs+ system en ab l e star t-stop tacacs+ comman d s en ab l e al l star t-stop tacacs+ u p d ate p er i od i c 1

T h is c o n fig u ra tio n h a s th e s e fe a tu re s : T h e conne ct c o m m a n d e n a b l e s a c c o u n t i n g o f o u t b o u n d c o n n e c t i o n e v e n t s o n t h e s w i t c h s u c h a s

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 4 o f 10 9 T e ln e t. T h e e x e cc o m m a n d e n a b le s a c c o u n tin g o f lo g in s e s s io n s o n th e s w itc h s u c h a s o p e ra tio n s s ta ff . T h e s y s te m c o m m a n d e n a b le s a c c o u n tin g o f s y s te m e v e n ts o n th e s w itc h s u c h a s re lo a d o r re s e t.

T h e com m a nds c o m m a n d e n a b l e s a c c o u n t i n g o f w h a t w a s e n t e r e d o n t h e s w i t c h , f o r b o t h s h ow a n d c o n fig u ra tio n c o m m a n d s . P e r i o d i c u p d at e s e v e r y m i n u t e t o t h e s e r v e r a r e h e l p f u l i n o r d e r t o r e c o r d w h e t h e r u s e r s a r e s t i l l lo g g e d in .

Conf i g u r a ti on Ch ec k l i st
T h is s e c tio n p r o v id e s a s u m m a r y o f th e r e c o m m e n d e d c o n f ig u r a tio n s ,e x c lu d in g s e c u r ity d e ta ils . I t i s e x t r e m e l y h e l p f u l t o l a b e l a l l p o r t s .. I s s u e t h i s c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o l a b e l t h e p o r t s :
set p or t d escr i p ti on d es c ri pti v e nam e

U s e th is k e y in c o n ju n c tio n w ith th e C o m m a n d ta b le s lis te d : B ol d te x t - r e c o m m e n d e d c h a n g e K e y :

N o r m a l te x t -d e f a u lt,r e c o m m e n d e d s e ttin g G l ob a l C onf ig ura tion C om m a nds s e t v tp dom a in name p a s s w ordx s e t v tp m ode tra ns p a re nt s e t s p a n tre e e n a b le a ll s e t s p a ntre e root v l an s e t s p a ntre e b a ck b one f a s t e na b l e C om m a nd P ro te c t a g a in s t u n a u th o riz e d V T P u p d a te s fro m n e w s w itc h e s . V T c u m T r o f e ta P m o d e p ro m o te d in e n t.R e f e r to th e u n k in g P ro to c o l th is d o c u m e n t fo r ils . C om m e nt

S e le c t th is d o V L A N s e c tio n m o re d

E n s u re th a t S T P is e n a b le d o n a ll V L A N s. R e c o m m e n d e d to p o s itio n ro o t (a n d s e c o n d a ry ro o t) b rid g e s p e r V L A N .

E n a b le ra p id S T P c o n v e rg e n c e fro m in d ire c t fa ilu re s (o n ly if a ll s w itc h e s in d o m a in s u p p o rt th e 11/ 29/ 20 0 7

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 5 o f 10 9 fe a tu re ). s e t s p a ntre e up l ink f a s t e na b l e s e t s p a ntre e p ortf a s t b p du-g ua rd e na b l e s e t udl d e na b l e s e t te s t dia g l e v e l com p l e te s e t te s t p a c k e tb u ffe r s u n 3: 30 s e t l o g g i n g b u f f e r 50 0 s e t l og g ing s e rv e r I P ad d r es s s e t l og g ing s e rv e r e na b l e s e t lo g g in g tim e s ta m p e n a b le s e t l og g ing l e v e l s p a ntre e 6 de f a ul t

E n a b le ra p id S T P c o n v e rg e n c e fro m d ire c t fa ilu re s (fo r a c c e s s la y e r s w itc h e s o n ly ). E n a u u n e x a b le p o rt to b e s h u t d o w n to m a tic a lly if th e re is a n a u th o riz e d S p a n n in g T re e te n s io n .

E n a b le u n id ire c tio n a l lin k d e te c tio n (n e e d p o rt le v e l c o n fig u ra tio n a s w e ll).

E n a b le fu ll d ia g n o s tic s a t b o o t u p (d e fa u lt o n C a ta ly s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 ) . E n a b le p o rt b u ffe r e rro r c h e c k in g (a p p lie s to C a ta ly s t 550 0 / 50 0 0 o n l y ) . M a in ta in m a x im u m s y s lo g b u ffe r. in te rn a l

C o n fig u re ta rg e t s y s lo g s e v e r fo r e x te rn a l s y s te m m e s s a g e lo g g in g . A llo w th e e x te rn a l lo g g in g se rv e r.

E n a b le tim e s ta m p s o f m e s s a g e s in th e lo g . In c re a s e d e fa u lt S T P s y s lo g le v e l. In c re a s e d e fa u lt S y s te m le v e l.

s e t l og g ing l e v e l s y s 6 de f a ul t s e t lo g g in g s e rv e r s e v e rity 4

s y s lo g

s e t s nm p com m unity re a d-onl y s t r i ng s e t s nm p com m unity re a d-w rite s t r i ng s e t s nm p com m unity re a d-w rite -a l l s t r i ng

s e t l og g ing cons ol e dis a b l e

A llo w th e e x p o rt o f th e h ig h e r s e v e rity s y s lo g o n ly . D is a b le th e c o n s o le u n le s s tro u b le s h o o tin g .

C o n fig u re th e p a s s w o rd to a llo w re m o te d a ta c o lle c tio n . C o n fig u re th e p a s s w o rd to a llo w re m o te c o n fig u ra tio n . C o n fig u re th e p a s s w o rd to a llo w re m o te c o n fig u ra tio n in c lu d in g p a ssw o rd s. E n a b le S N M P tra p s to th e N M S

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 6 o f 10 9 s e t s nm p tra p e na b l e a l l s e t s nm p tra p s er v er ad d r es s s t r i ng s e rv e r fo r fa u lt a n d e v e n t a le rts . C o n fig u re th e a d d re s s o f th e N M S tra p re c e iv e r. E n a b le R M O N g a th e r in g .R e f e M o n ito rin g s e c d o c u m e n t fo r m fo r r to tio n o re lo th o d

s e t s nm p rm on e na b l e s e t ntp b roa dca s tcl ie nt e na b l e s e t ntp tim e z one z o ne name

E n a b le a c c u ra te s y s te m c lo c k re c e p tio n fro m a n u p s tre a m ro u te r. S e t th e lo c a l tim e z o n e fo r th e d e v ic e .

c a l s ta tis tic e R e m o te f th is e ta ils .

s e t ntp s um m e rtim e d at e C o n f i g u r e s u m m e r t i m e i f a p p lic a b le fo r th e tim e z o n e . c h ang e d et ai l s s e t ntp a uth e ntica tion e na b l e s e t ntp k e y k ey s e t c d p e n a b le s e t ta ca cs s e rv e r I P ad d r es s p rim a ry s e t ta ca cs s e rv e r I P ad d r es s s e t ta c a c s a tte m p ts 3 s e t ta ca cs k e y k ey s e t ta ca cs tim e out 15 s e t a uth e ntica tion l og in ta ca cs e na b l e s e t a uth e ntica tion e na b l e ta ca cs e na b l e C o n fig u re e n c ry p te d tim e in fo rm a tio n fo r s e c u rity p u rp o se s.

C o n fig u re th e e n c ry p tio n k e y . E n s u re n e ig h b o r d is c o v e ry is e n a b le d (e n a b le d o n p o rts b y d e fa u lt a s w e ll). C o n fig u re th e a d d re s s o f th e A A A se rv e r. R e d u n d a n t A A A s e rv e rs if p o s s ib le .

S e t th e A A A M D 5e n c r y p tio n k e y . A llo w lo n g e r s e rv e r tim e o u t (fiv e s e c o n d s is d e fa u lt).

A llo w 3p a s s w o r d a tte m p ts f o r th e A A A u s e r a c c o u n t.

U s e A A A fo r a u th e n tic a tio n fo r lo g in . U s e A A A fo r a u th e n tic a tio n fo r e n a b le m o d e .

s e t a u th e n tic a tio n lo g in lo c a l e n a b le

s e t a u th e n tic a tio n e n a b le lo c a l e n a b le

D e fa u lt; a llo w s fa llb a c k to lo c a l if n o A A A s e rv e r a v a ila b le . D e fa u lt; a llo w s fa llb a c k to lo c a l if n o A A A s e rv e r a v a ila b le .

H os t P orts C onf ig ura tion C om m a nds

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 7 o f 10 9 C om m a nd C om m e nt

R e m o v e p ro c e s s in s e t p ort h os t p o r t r ang e s p a n tre e o f f ,tr u n k s e t u d ld d is a b le p o r t r ang e s e t p o r t s p e e d p o r t r ang e a u to s e t p o r t t r a p p o r t r ang e d is a b le

U s e a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n w i t h u p -t o d a te h o s t N IC d riv e rs . N o n e e d fo r S N M P tra p s fo r g e n e ra l u s e rs ; tra c k k e y p o rts o n ly .

R e m o v e u n n e c e ssa ry p o rt p ro c e s s in g (d is a b le d o n c o p p e r p o rt b y d e fa u lt).

u n n e c e ssa ry p o rt g .T h is m a c r o s e ts P o r tF a s t e n a b le ,c h a n n e l o ff.

S e rv e r C onf ig ura tion C om m a nds C om m a nd s e t p ort h os t p o r t r ang e s e t u d ld d is a b le p o r t r ang e s e t p ort s p e e d p o r t r ang e 1 0 | 1 0 0 s e t p ort dup l e x p o r t r ang e f u l l | h al f s e t p ort tra p p o r t r ang e e na b l e R e m o v e p ro c e s s in s p a n tre e o f f ,tr u n k u n n e c e ssa ry p o rt g .T h is m a c r o s e ts P o r tF a s t e n a b le ,c h a n n e l o ff. C om m e nt

R e m o v e u n n e c e ssa ry p o rt p ro c e s s in g (d is a b le d o n c o p p e r p o rt b y d e fa u lt). U s u a lly c o n fig u re s ta tic /s e rv e r p o r ts ; o th e r w is e ,u s e a u to n e g o tia tio n .

U s u a lly s ta tic /s e rv e r p o rts ; o th e r w is e ,u s e a u to n e g o tia tio n .

K e y s e rv ic e p o rts m u s t s e n d tra p to N M S .

U nus e d P orts C onf ig ura tion C om m a nds s e t s p a n tre e p o rtfa s t p o r t r ang e d i s a b l e s e t p ort dis a b l e p o r t r ang e C om m a nd E n a b le n e c e s s a ry p o rt p ro c e s s in g a n d p ro te c tio n fo r S T P . D is a b le u n u s e d p o rts . D ire c t u n a u th o riz e d tra ffic to u n u s e d V L A N if th e p o rt is e n a b le d . C om m e nt

s e t v l a n u nu s ed d u mmy v l an p o r t r ang e

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 8 o f 10 9 D is a b le p o rt fro m a d m in is te re d . tru n k in g u n til

s e t trunk p o r t r ang e of f s e t p ort ch a nne l p o r t r ang e m ode of f

D is a b le p o rt fro m c h a n n e lin g u n til a d m in is te re d .

Inf ra s tructure P orts ( s w itch -s w itch , s w itch -route r) s e t u d ld e n a b le p o r t r ang e C om m a nd E n a b le u n id ire c tio n a l lin k d e te c tio n (n o t d e fa u lt o n c o p p e r p o rts ). E n a b le a g g re s s iv e m o d e (fo r d e v ic e s th a t s u p p o rt it). A llo w d e fa u lt G E a u to n e g o tia tio n o f lin k p a ra m e te rs . A llo w S N M P tra p s fo r th e s e k e y p o rts . C om m e nt

s e t udl d a g g re s s iv e m ode e na b l e p o r t r ang e s e t p o rt n e g o tia tio n p o r t r ang e e n a b l e s e t p ort tra p p o r t r ang e e na b l e

s e t trunk mo d / p o r t d es i r ab l e I S L | d o t 1 q | neg o t i at e

s e t trunk p o r t r ang e of f

D is a b le fe a tu re if n o t u s in g tru n k s . I f u s i n g t r u n k s , d o t 1q i s p r e f e r r e d . L im it S T P d ia m e te r b y p ru n in g V L A N s fro m tru n k s w h e re th e y a re n o t n e e d e d . D is a b le fe a tu re if n o t u s in g c h a n n e ls . I f u s in g c h a n n e ls ,th is e n a b le s P A g P . A llo w L 3s o u r c e /d e s tin a tio n lo a d b a la n c in g if u s in g c h a n n e ls (d e fa u lt o n C a t a l y s t 650 0 / 60 0 0 ) . D is a b le D T P if tru n k in g to ro u te r, C a t a l y s t 290 0 X L , 350 0 , o r o t h e r v e n d o r.

cl e a r trunk mo d / p o r t v l an r ang e s e t p ort ch a nne l p o r t r ang e m ode of f s e t p ort ch a nne l p o r t r ang e m ode de s ira b l e s e t p o rt c h a n n e l a ll d is trib u tio n ip b o th s e t trunk mo d / p o r t none g otia te I S L | d o t1 q

s e t p ort ne g otia tion mo d / p o r t dis a b l e

N e g o tia tio n c a n b e in c o m p a tib le fo r s o m e o ld G E d e v ic e s .

N etP r o D i sc u ssi on F or u m s - F ea tu r ed Conv er sa ti ons

N e tw o rk in g P ro fe s s io n a ls C o n n e c tio n is a fo ru m fo r n e tw o rk in g p ro fe s s io n a ls to s h a re q u e s tio n s ,

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

11/ 29/ 20 0 7

C i s c o - B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r C a t a l y s t 450 0 / 40 0 0 , 550 0 / 50 0 0 , a n d 650 0 / 60 0 0 S e r i e s S w i ... P a g e 10 9 o f 10 9 s u g g e s tio n s ,a n d in f o r m a tio n a b o u t n e tw o r k in g s o lu tio n s ,p r o d u c ts ,a n d te c h n o lo g ie s .T h e f e a tu r e d lin k s a re s o m e o f th e m o s t re c e n t c o n v e rs a tio n s a v a ila b le in th is te c h n o lo g y . N e tP ro D is c u s s io n F o ru m s -F e a tu re d C o n v e rs a tio n s fo r L A N N e tw o rk In fra s tru c tu re : L A N R o u tin g a n d S w itc h in g P r o b l e m C 3560 w i t h I P -P h o n e a v a y a ,P l s - N o v 29, 20 0 7 T e m p e r a t u r e V a l u e i n C A T 3560 - N o v 29, 20 0 7 P r o b l e m s w i t h b i d i r e c t i o n a l N A T - N o v 29, 20 0 7 650 9 i m a g e p r o b l e m - N o v 29, 20 0 7 G L B P C o n f i g u r a t i o n r e q . - N o v 29, 20 0 7 N e tw o rk In fra s tru c tu re : G e ttin g S ta rte d w ith L A N s h a n d s -o n p r a c t i c e ... - N o v 29, 20 0 7 10 0 B a s e T X m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f s e g m e n t s - N o v 29, 20 0 7 W h y i s C l o c k S e t u n s t a b l e ? - N o v 29, 20 0 7 S S A P ? - N o v 29, 20 0 7 d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n s h c o n f i g a n d s h r u n c o n f i g - N o v 28, 20 0 7

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A ll c o n te n ts a re C o p y rig h t

20 0 6-20 0 7 C i s c o S y s t e m s , I n c . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . I m p o r t a n t N o t i c e s a n d P r i v a c y S t a t e m e n t .

h t t p : / / k b a s e / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w F i l e / 13414/ 10 3.x m l ? c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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