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Stem Cell-Based Strategies: The Future Direction of Bioartificial Liver Development

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Abstract

Acute liver failure (ALF) results from severe liver damage or end-stage liver disease. It is extremely fatal and causes serious health and economic burdens worldwide. Once ALF occurs, liver transplantation (LT) is the only definitive and recommended treatment; however, LT is limited by the scarcity of liver grafts. Consequently, the clinical use of bioartificial liver (BAL) has been proposed as a treatment strategy for ALF. Human primary hepatocytes are an ideal cell source for these methods. However, their high demand and superior viability prevent their widespread use. Hence, finding alternatives that meet the seed cell quality and quantity requirements is imperative. Stem cells with self-renewing, immunogenic, and differentiative capacities are potential cell sources. MSCs and its secretomes encompass a spectrum of beneficial properties, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-ROS (reactive oxygen species), anti-apoptotic, pro-metabolomic, anti-fibrogenesis, and pro-regenerative attributes. This review focused on the recent status and future directions of stem cell-based strategies in BAL for ALF. Additionally, we discussed the opportunities and challenges associated with promoting such strategies for clinical applications.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all those who contributed to this manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82200702 and 82200959), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515111111), and Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (B2022086).

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  1. Lei Feng, Yi Wang these authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China

    Lei Feng, Yu Fu, Ting Li & Guolin He

  2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China

    Lei Feng

  3. Shanxi Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China

    Yi Wang

  4. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, Guangdong, China

    Ting Li

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the conception and design of this study. The study was designed by G.L.H and L.F. L.F, Y.W, Y.F, and T.L collected and analyzed the data. L.F, G.L.H, and Y.W wrote the first draft of the manuscript. L.F, G.L.H, and T.L revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lei Feng, Ting Li or Guolin He.

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Feng, L., Wang, Y., Fu, Y. et al. Stem Cell-Based Strategies: The Future Direction of Bioartificial Liver Development. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 20, 601–616 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-023-10672-5

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