Abstract
We studied the effects of varying levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen and phosphorus mixture (NP) enrichment on the hatching of resting eggs to determine whether nutrient enrichment levels affect the emergence of zooplankton from resting eggs. We treated resting eggs with six different nutrient concentrations and returned them to the in situ water environment to simulate the restoration of a favourable environment after eutrophication. Low nutrient concentrations had a lesser impact on egg hatching compared with high concentrations, and P had a lesser impact on egg hatching than N and NP. Resting eggs were able to maintain their vitality even in unfavourable environments during the enrichment phase, and they hatched in large numbers when favourable conditions arose. High concentrations of N and NP had a significant effect on the community structure of hatched zooplankton, mainly affecting the emergence of copepod nauplii from resting eggs. The findings suggest that levels of nutrient enrichment determine the emergence of zooplankton from resting egg banks. This study provides a reference for the potential replenishment of active populations by resting egg banks in eutrophic river environments.
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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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We thank the staff at the laboratory and field for the sampling and analysis. We are very grateful to the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript.
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This work was financially supported by the Ecological Environment Special Project of Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project (202004i07020012).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. LL, conceptualization, methodology, software, visualization, and writing-original draft preparation; LG, writing—reviewing and editing and supervision; YQ, data curation; ZZ, JG and XZ, investigation, resources, validation, and formal analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Luan, L., Gao, L., Qiu, Y. et al. Levels of nutrient enrichment determine the emergence of zooplankton from resting egg banks. Hydrobiologia 851, 1259–1273 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05387-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05387-0