Commodore_MicroComputer_Issue_42_1986_Jul_Aug by Zetmoon

Buyer's Guide to C64 Chess

I microcomputers

C64Body Language Health and Fitness

with Your Computer

Preview:

Amiga Music

Studio

How to Design Games, Part 3 Software Reviews:

Word Writer 128 Pocket Planner â&#x2013; _

Touchdown Football Personal Portfolio Manager

Kung Fu :

Fontmaster VI

Free Programs:

JL,

Equestrian 64

128 Disk Editor

Typewriter 64

1 43467

July/August 1986

$2.50 U.S.

S3.50 Canada ISSN 0744-8724

YOU'VE ALWAYS HAD NOW YOU CAN HAVE AN

Amiga's 4,096 colors give your business graphics a visible adva mage

Learning on Amiga is nigher

Amiga's i channels of stereo give you a sound advantage

education

-Amigaiso"DaemonolCoriiiTiocoiB-AmiQu die "Macintosh is u tmafmork licensed 10AppleCompuinr.irK â&#x2013; ibmnoregisierca trademark of mremciionoiBusiness"Gcnines.irrc n lofuS is o'egisie'tO irademurk of Loius Deveiopiicnr Coiporarioo

fl d&asetso'cgisre'edrroaemoriiaiAyironJoie me

c I98ir Comm

A LOT OF COMPETITION. UNFAIR ADVANTAGE. Nobody ever said it was going to be easy. But it just got easier. Now, there's Amiga.1" The first and only computer to give you a creative edge.

Amiga makes you look better, sound better; work faster and more productively It can be your number cruncher, filing system, audio-visual department, graphic designer, print

shop and faithful workhorse. You can'r buy a personal computer at any price that has all of Amiga's

features. Nor can you find one that's

easier to use. Amiga lets you point at

symbols instead of learning compli cated commands. Amiga is friendly but ifs a power

house, too. It has twice the memory of Macintosh™ or IBM® PC. It costs less than either of them and can do every

thing they can do, better, because Amiga is more creative. No other personal computer gives

you over 4,000 colors, stereo sound

and incredible dimension. Imagine the advantage of preparing business

presentations with color graphics

and sophisticated animation right on your computer.

Need to make creative use of your

time? Amiga can do as many as four or five things at once in separate win dows on the screen. Not just display them. Work on them. No other per sonal computer can.

Amiga will print the cover memo while you're working on a spread sheet. And there's probably enough power left over to receive a phone message or a stock quote over a

modem at the same time. Amiga is IBM-compatible, too. A

simple piece of software teaches

Amiga to emulate the IBM operating system, so you can run most IBM pro

grams. You'll have instant access to the largest library of business soft ware in the world, including favorites like Lotus"51,2,3 and dBase® And since Amiga is the last com

puter you'll want to buy it was only

fair to make it endlessly expandable

and adaptable. You can plug in print ers (almost any kind), joysticks, your video recorder, video camera, modems, musical keyboards, draw ing pads, extra disk drives. You can even expand the memory to a whop ping 8 megabytes.

Amiga will talk to you, read back

what you write, answer your phone

and compose music like a profes sional synthesizer. It can add new

creativity to your life and bring new life to everything you create. See an Authorized Amiga Dealer

near you. Now that Amiga is here,

the question isn't whether you can afford a computer, it is whether you can afford to wait. Amiga by Commodore

Amiga mokes telecommunica

tions last, easy and colorful.

AMIGA GIVES YOU A CREATIVE EDGE.

It's Absolutely Shocking!!! After all these years, CMS Software Systems is still the only

company providing professional quality accounting software for the complete line of Commodore business computers.

Whether you own an 8032, 8096, SuperPET, B-128, C-64, or the new C-128, we have a professionally written, fully integrated Accounting System designed especially for you. Introduced in 1979, the CMS Accounting System was the first Accounting System available for Commodore computers. Not satisfied with just being first, we have continued to update, expand, and improve until today, the CMS Accounting System is widely recognized as one of the

finest Accounting Systems available for any computer.

Now Available for the Commodore C-128

General Ledger Accounts Receivable Billing

Accounts Payable Job Costing Payroll

$179.95

Complete Price

For more information see your Commodore dealer or call Calhy York at 211/289-0677.

CMS Software Systems, Inc. â&#x20AC;˘ 2204 Camp David â&#x20AC;˘ Mesquite, TX 75149

VOLUME 7, NUMBER 4, ISSUE 42

UMTEIITS

JULY/AUGUST 1986

comm microcomputers DEPARTMENTS LETTERS

FEATURES 4

NEWS

SOFTWARE REVIEWS Word Writer 128 review*) oy Goty Fields Personal Portfolio Manager ■.■*■<# by Tea Sato™™ POCKet Planner revttwed by Gory V. FieWs

Add

Ise

RagS to Riches reviewed by Ervin Bobo Kung Fu reviewed By Mark Cotone

Lyi'ics

Instalment

Note

Off

MIDI

AMIGA Off

Beyond the Forbidden Forest reviewed w Eron Bobo

Buyer's Guide to C64 Chess Checkmalo: Chess Programs for the 64 revewed try Tea Sola™™

Board GomBSforthe 64 rnvswea by Ted Satomooe Fontmaster II reviewed by Donald Maxwell Touchflown FOOttKJll reviewed By Saw May Title Bout revaneo by Rick Tewbougti

SILICON VALLEY INSIDER EA's Atlantis Big News by Motmew Leeds

JIFFIES Self Replication by Rogw -

:-noei

Typewriter 64 by Slave Conroy

62 64

LAW The Case for Renting Software by Herbert swoit?

TECHNICAL TIPS Invisible BASIC by Donald Graham

COMPUTER TUTOR Game Design, Part 3 by Robert akhim

GAME PROGRAMS Equestrian 64 by Scot Seio

64 USERS ONLY Run/Stop and Restore by John j Komer Memory Window by Can Thompson Pardon My Interruptions by Bruce joeg»

98 102

128 USERS ONLY 128 Disk Editor by John J Hornet

USER GROUPS

114

HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS

118

MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAMS

120

HARDWARE REVIEWS 104

Video Digitizer reviewed by Bruce Joeget

124

110

ADVERTISERS' INDEX

128

Saving and Loading the Graphic Bit Map by Merlon Keelson

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTER

STAFF Publisher Robert M. Kenney Assistant lo the Publisher Mary Grace Nlcollne Editor

Diane LeBold Assistant Editor

A powerful word processing system for

Carol Minion

the Commodore 64 and 128. On Bcraan ilatua/hftlp dliplny

Font edltor/craaior incluflml

•

Technical Editor

33 Fonts reedy to use

Jim Gracely

BACKUP DISK INCLUDED

West Coast Correspondent Marthew Leeds .'.ice- .-.Irn,

r .11 Ii ..

S»tup Moduli

Advertising Production Manager Art Director

Oitf fi w*"v< t&mr"*rif

Foni 1 Chdncisr SftT Cr«ki

Robert C. Andersen

' Grid far nhutcifr cf^ifoilaa

C0MV ktfi jDTtlkk, or llgril p ■ Gdii Form i«H*r f a«ii mcaino

Assistant Art Director Wilson Harp

■ cn

■l.tdi *nd will** >Hn*r PRO Of BIQ |

•/•a *-•>—•<•'•//••<--■*i

Cover Photo Gene Smith

ird PiocHtlng Pftnllnp Ftilurst

Souhaus

News

Cover Model Sandy Bloomfield

ceLCic itopboId

rnt' prtniln-g Iwp lo 4 cqIuthhi l*vlig o' J V moitihintlm pflon*ln: ma^inga. di*£rrtic i. aic h ngn»#,Hro»i tail <n«>'#a JamOMdaQ In rail mail &'^ff anv s>r ii ill |ha '"'i * ij virvcCV UniJf I n>fn AQ UJfll — (OiWiltO EBil - *..-jn -j.| Iri-.F - E44 g — n"i'«r»-oi (»n :» lallari on i

n — %,(n.

F ii 1 k r ii

Circulation Thomas C. McNamara

Tech

Advertising Coordinator Cheryl Griffith

.. .and more

Advertising Representatives mold Head

■

SOUTHEAST AND WEST

Salina. KS 67401

Warren Longer, Spencer 0. Smith Warren Longer Associates

AT LAST!

9320 NW 2nd Street

Coral Springs, FL 33065

THE

THE 'FLIGHT

ULTIMATE GAME SHOW

SIMULATOR' BOOK A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE

An Exciting Game

TO AVIATION REALISM

For Parties

for all versions of FS/F9 II -EASY & FUN TO USE-

Or For The Entire Family

TAXI AND TAKEOFF

EN HOUTE PROCEDURES

LANDING 'ON A DIME' RADIO NAVIGATION

INSTRUMENT FLIGHT

'BLIND' LANDINGS

COMMUNICATIONS

TIPS AND TRICKS 200 PAGES, LARGE FORMAT DOZENS OF CHARTS

This is rot an arcade, trivia, or adventure game but a refreshing new type ol game that combines improved features ol the best game

shows that you have been watching on TV (or years with the imagination ot our design staff.

AVAILABLE ON DISKETTE ONLY SPECIFY 64.12B or PLUS/4 To order, send S29.95 lor each plus

ORDER NOW

$13.95 plus Si.00 poatag*

$3.00 postage & handling par order lo: (Illinois residents add 6% sales lax] Vlsa/Masloicard & COD. oidors call: £\S^

EN ROUTE

BOOKS

6408 W. COLLEGE DR. A1 PHOENIX, AZ 85033

JULY/AUGUST'86

Advertising Inquiries Only 305/753-4124

lS\^

[312] 566-4647

VMO Superior Micro Systems, inc. P.O Box 713 - Wheeling. IL 6009D Dealei ttiQuiites welcome'

MUMIUN1IC. MIDWEST AND NEW ENGUND

Pamela S. Fedor, Randy Fedor 700 River Road Fair Haven, NJ 07701 201/741-5784 Commodore Microcomputers, Volume 7, Number 4,

Issue 42, JulyMugust 1986, ISBN 0-8S731-06G-5.

Commodore Microcomputers (ISSN 0744-8724) is

published bi-monthly by Cantemporaiy Marketing Inc., 1200 Wilson Drive. West Chaster, PA 19380, U.S.A. U.S. subscribe; rate is 115.00 per year; Canadian sub scriber rato is S20.00 per year: Overseas subscriber rate Is £25 00 per year Questions concerning subscription should be directed to Contemporary Marketing Subscrip tion Department. Box 651, Holmes, Pennsylvania 19043. Prione (800) 345-8112. In Pennsylvania (800! 662-2444. Copyright © 1986 by Contemporary Market ing. Inc All rights reserved

Contemporary Marketing also publishes Commodore Power/Play.

Application to mail at Second Class postage rates is penning at West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380. and addi tional mailing offices. POSTMASTER, send address changes to Contemporary Marketing, Bon 651. Holmes. PA 19043

VIC 20", Commodore 64'" and Super PET" are trademarks ol Commodore Electronics Ltd. PET* is a registered trademark ol Commodore Business Ma-

Chines. Inc. CBM* is a registered trademark of Commo dore Electronics Ltd. ABC Membership applied (or.

LETTERS plished the kind of directory listing I had been wanting. However, like many other readers

of your magazine, I don't have a 1526 or MPS-802 printer—I have an Epson EX-80. Consequently, since I wanted to use Mr. Sander's program, it was necessary to modify it for my printer.

I also use two 1541 disk drives, and to

MSD Disk Drive To the Editor: Now thitt Micro Systems Develop ment, maker of the MSD disk drive, is no longer in business, an information exchange is being set up to serve the needs of MSD disk drive users. The first project is a data base of compati

ble software. Users of MSD disk drives are encouraged to participate.

return postage, a copy of the Infor

address cither drive required a minor

mation Exchange data disk in Sitperbase 64 format (data disk only).

allows the user to print the directory

The information exchange will also maintain flics on the availability of technical information on MSD disk drives, including parts, service, ser vice or maintenance manuals, wiring diagrams, and memory maps. Paul E Eckler

The MSD Information Exchange is a

MSD Information Exchange

no-fee non-profit service. Those who

2705 Hulman Street

contribute information to the ex change will be provided the following

Terra Haute, IN 47803

services.

Directory Alphabetizer II

• For a self-addressed, stamped enve

To the Editor:

mation in a selected category. • For a blank disk, with mailer and

of subsequent disks without having to reload the program.

To adapt "Directory Alphabe tizer II" to Epson-type printers, the program lines in Listing 1

must be

substituted for the original lines. In addition, the lines in Listing 2 must be added to the program.

Please note that

these modifica

tions permit the user of either disk

drive #8 or #9 and provide for print ing the directory of a new disk with listing* on page k

1986,

issue

William H. Price

Riverside, California

program hy Louis F. Sander in the

March/April,

change

out reloading the program.

The "Directory Alphabetizer II"

lope, a printout of available infor

modification. Another small

accom

Continued onpg, 8

Have your C-128* look as smart as

it works...

with the Command Center, a space saving cabinet specially designed for the

■

The Command Center consolidates all these peripherals

C-128 Personal Computer System. Just install your keyboard and disk drives, set

your CRT on top, and you've got Commodore value with the look of a much more expensive system.

Built-in features include power strip, fan and ption j

It will untangle your wires and unclutter

your desk. And look at all it includes:

■ Built-in AC Power Strip with surge protection and line noise filtering.

■ Built-in Drive/CPU Cooling Fan. ■ Phone/Modem

$14995

telecommunications switch. ■ Master A.C. Switch with power indicator light. Free 30-day trial offer and one year

warranty. Order your Command Center

today. Write: KETEK, P.O. Box 203,

Oakdale, IA 52319.

For faster service, call 1-600-626-4582 toll-free.

C-I2S is a roistered Tudemark oi Cor nmcdo'e Business Machines

KETEK, P.O. Box 203, Oakdale, IA 52319 YES! Rush me a Command Center to complete my C-128 system I may enioy it for up to 30 days and return it for a lull refund. Enclosed is my check or money order tor $153 45(3149 95

plus S3.50 lor shipping and handling).

Cily

State

Zip

DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

If you own a C-64, you The one you purchased. And the GEOS realizes the technical potential that has been in the

C-64 all along. Speed. Power. Ease of use. Sophisti cation. Elegant, practical applications you might expect of a high-end persona! computer, all made possible with GEOS. It's so simpleâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;

but then, so was fire. Once it caught on. To begin at the beginning. GEOS stands for GRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT OPERATING SYSTEM. Why? GRAPHIC: Because menus and icons replace long, typed command lines. Point and click, that's it.

GEOS can be divided into 4 areas: two functional aspects (deskTop and Desk Accessories), and two major applications (geoPaint and geoWrite). deskTop. deskTop is a graphic interface, making file organization and manage

ment easy. As always, you call the shots. Load a disk.

1 Files appear as icons on the disk notepad; to flip through, point at the

folded corner and click. Prefer a file appear on a different sheet? Move it. It's easy.

l-H Wi --M :

ENVIRONMENT: Because GEOS provides

tiSW

a consistent, powerful way to use your

computer. Learning new applications is a snap (or should we say click).

OPERATING SYSTEM: Because GEOS orchestrates every function so that they all work together systematically, even symphonically.

Some basics. Icons are graphic images

which represent files or utilities. Each is different, and all are easy to recognize and easy to use.

A menu is just that: a list of functions availa ble for selection. When a menu appears,

move the pointer to any item you wish. Click. Click. You're on your way. A pointer is used to select and activate items. To move the pointer, roll the mouse or trackball or rotate the joystick. Once on target, click once to select; click a second time to activate. Fonts are a new way of looking at text.

Choose from 5 different fonts (with more on the way). Try Btoinellc, or Roma, bold, or italics, even underline and . Need to fit more words on a line? Pick a smaller point size, like uâ&#x201E;˘vefSuy6poini, and get over one

Create a new document or re-name an

existing one. Want to copy a file onto the same or a different disk? Fine. Forgotten what a file contains? Select "get info" from the file menu. A description of that file's contents appears. Finished with a file? Print it. Save it. Or drop it in the trash and have done with it. Your call. geoPaint. A full-featured, color graphics workshop at your fingertips. The pointer operates any one of the fourteen graphic tools and shapes in the drawing menu. Create masterpieces on the Drawing

Window. By turns, use a pencil, an airbrush

hundred characters per line.

or a paint brush, each with a character all its own. Draw straight lines, squares, rectang

All this and fast too. Because the integrated

les or circles. Fill in with any of the 32

diskTurbo software improves 1541 disk drive

patterns. Switch to pixel-mode, where each dot in a selected section is magnified many

performance 5 to 7 times. That's right. On both reads and writes.

times its size for easy manipulation.

own two Machines. personal computer GEOS

unlocks.

appear off the printer. Typists will appreciate tabs, word-wrap and page breaks. Documents may contain up to 64 pages.

What's more, you can move to any page instantly. If you like, you can cut selected text from one section and move or copy it to another. Add graphics from geoPaint. It's a cinch. 1

!*■■■■ '„■, • ,i.-, ft.

-~wJ.

.:: :,"■ be ■>_-■.'•. ■_ ■■o'.ijjjjj :v}'.-■-.-.--.

Second thoughts? Erase what you don't want. Or "UNDO" your last act. (If only life could imitate art!)

SI i

58-

Add text if you like, in different fonts, styles or point sizes. Even change its position or layout at will.

Move or copy any part of your creation. Once done, you can include your artwork in another document—a letter home perhaps. (Won't Mother be pleased?) GEOS makes '<■:■-■<

1st Quarter Sales Desk Accessories. Handy

programs you can use while

it easy. t iite ' e<w

"i ;• ■ ■-:

tettft «xci(Trf'!» of (tie imp

in any GEOS application. These include an alarm clock, a notepad for

sujk '

reminders, a four-function calculator, and photo and text albums which store pictures and phrases you may then

FontS2fe5'-

■

■ fte I 3 ./■-.

from 5 of them (wWi rwe on the

cf Roma bold. w

■

\m\

:'■ "<•■■ ■•-

)fdsori

paste into applications. The Preference Manager even lets you establish parameters for everything from mouse speed to the date and time—even background color. Civilized options, every one.

aBi>e? Pick as flHO CiT Ki>.i i

geoWrite. An easy to use, "what you see is what you

get" word processor. Create documents. Insert, copy, move or delete text as you wish. Choose from 5 different fonts in many different styles and point sizes. Preview your page exactly as it will

GEOS, A Whole New World for the C-64. $59.95 TO ORDER: 800-443-0100x234 GEOS Diskette includes desktop, diskTunbo, geoPaint, geoMile and desk Accessories £59.95

CArosidonIsa[1d6-5%Iax. (S4.50 US/7r50 Foreign shippmg and fiandNng.) US Funds only. B.S.W Order Processing. PO Got 57135. Hayward, CA 94545 Commodore S4 and C-fr* arelradomoriisolCoitiniodorGEIacTroniCS, Ltd. GEOS, doskTop, geoPainl, geoVWte, dlakTurboand Derkoloy Soltworks are iradenuinVs of Borkofoy SoftWOnVs.

LETTERS Ode to Computer Equipment Designers

So why do we proliferate

To ihc Editor:

Equipment made with this mistake

Computer gear is really neat

And end this folly once and for all.

Some of it just can't be beat. We've come so far since liNlAC

It's time tor us to grab the ball Equipment makers, heed this prayer

And I, for one, would nut go back.

And design your products with more care.

But in these miracles emerging fast

PUT THE POWER SWITCH ON THE FRONT! StepbenS. tttven

There lurks a relic from the past That makes me wonder if these tools

Here's the message—I'll be blunt:

Randallstown, Maryland

Were actually designed by fools! I refer to the danger to my wrist When behind the disk drive it bends and twists Hoping to find the switch so small Which hides between machine and wall.

Or when my back and neck do twitch Trying to find the printer switch.

Commodore Microcomputers welcomes letters from readers. Please send them to: Commodore Microcomputers 1200 Wilson Drive

West Chester, PA 19380 Attn: Letters

What a shame the equipment stack Has all its buttons on the back! It only takes two strips of wire To move the switch where 1 desire.

Listing 1. Substitute Lines 6L0

REM

730

ENHANCEMENT PRINT"[CLEAR]":INPUT"[DOWN]

920

WHAT IS THE DRIVE # IF BBO1 THEN GOSUB

930

:REM BEAD DIRECTORY FS(0)=MID$(F$(0),2,

I'd pay the extra dime or two TO have the power switch in view. You'd think an auto maker drunk

If your ear ignition were in the trunk. An architect would be a goof If the front door lock was on the roof!

****EPSON-TYPE

21)+" 1100

PRINTER

TO PRINT";DN 160

"+CHRS(13):A=0

INPUT"[DOWN]AN0THE3

DISK

N) [SPAC£2]Y[LEFT3]";B$ 1113 1230 1240

:BS=LEFT$(8$,1) END PRINT"[D0WN2,SPACES] ALIGN TOP OF PAPER PRINT," [SPACE2]THEN KEY...":G0SUB 1610

FOR PRINTING," PRESS A

1250

OPEN

1260

J=22:K=72:L=36:C$=BFS

4,PN,0

:IF OD$="DIRECTORYRY7:K=50:L=25 :GOTO1280

1270

PRINT#4:U$="[DOWN]-M0RE-[UP]"

1280

PRINTS4,CHR$(27);"0"

1310

PRINT SPC(23)"("MIDS(STRS(N), 2}") [SPACE2]"BSCHRS(14) ;

1480

:REM

Chat with your friends on your Commodore computer free.

Talk Isn't cheap, ife free for one hour. Sign up now for QuanlumLink,'" ihe new telecommunications service for Commodore 64s and Commodore 128™ computers, and with your free hour get a free

:REM

:REH

You must have a modem and disk drive to use QuantumUnk. If you don't have a modem, pick one up at a retail oullet. Then hook up your modem and call QuantumUnk. on your computer

(not your telephone).

#FILES

K=50

THEN

PER

INCH

COMMENT FOR

1=1 FORM

80-M

FEED

FOR

NOTEBOOK

1490

K=72

THEN

FOR

1=1

78-M+5*(N>48)+(N=72) :PRINT NEXT :REM

1500

PAGE

BF$=C$:U$ = "":PRINTH:CLOSE 4 :REM

RESET

END

Listing 2. Additional Lines 120

1104 i?sarenoaomartio'Co'T"notjc?e

JULY/AUGUST'86

LINES

CLR:G0T0

700

925 IF BB=1 THEN GOSUB 170 1102 IF B$O"Y"AND B$O"N"THEN

1-800-833-

SET

:PRINT:NEXT:REM

month of fun and information when you pay for

one month of service ($9.95).

SKIP

1100

BS="N"THEN

1110

1106

B$="Y"THEN

BB=1:CLR:GOTO

1285

PRINTS4,FS(0)

END

CRYSTAL COMPUTER INC.

inMkhigon 1-517

Oulildt MtIi gun I GOO lU 7316 CANADIAN DEALER ENQUIRIES INGB AM CANADA LTD. 1-1116-738.7700

Only The Name Is New

Your C

The professional,

You wont the very best software you can find for your

full-featured software line from Digital Solutions is now called Pocket Software. Pocket Writer 128/64. Pocket Filer 128/64. Pocket Planner 128/64. The names are new, but this super software is slil the same. From now on, when you

hear the word Pocket, i means software that's full-featuied, handy and easy louse.

Pocket Software ol prices that won't pick your

Pocket inner 1 S3

8 or 64

Commodore 128 or 64, right?

You want integrated software â&#x20AC;&#x201D;- word processing,

database and spreadsheet applications â&#x20AC;&#x201D; at a sensible price. But, you also wont rop-of-fhe-line features. Well, our Pocket 128/64 software goes one better. can imagine... and then some. And Pocket 128/64 is so

easy to use, you won't even need the reference guide. On-screen and in memory instructions will have you up and running in less than 30 minutes, even if you've never used a computer before. The price? It's as low as you'd expect for o line of

software called 'Pocket'. Suggested Retail Price for the 64 software is S39.95 (U.S.) ond S49.95 (U.S.) For the 128. Any of the 64 products may be upgraded to their 128 version for S15.00 (U.S.) + S3.00 shipping and handling. (Available to registered owners from Digital Solutions Inc. only.)

Pocket Writer 128 or 64, Pocket Planner 128 or 64 and Pocket Filer 128 or 64. ..Solutions at sensible prices

from Digital Solutions Inc.

International & Distributor enquiries to:

enous software

Digital Solutions

Pocket Writer 728 and 64 are now available in French.

30 Werlheim Court, Uni Richmond Hill, Ontario ConadoL4B IB

COMMODORE'S

NEWS

FROM THE FRONT

Animated Electronic Greetings

\JompuServe subscribers can now create and 6end electronic greetings—complete with animation and sound effects—with

Color Mall software from Hallmark Cards. Color Hall combines a variety of special effects, including

graphics, animation, music and sound effects, into personalized greetings. In addition, the user can add typed messages and tint the screen with 16 colors.

To use Color Mall, network subscribers create their greetings

off-line with the software and send the messages via CompuServe's 3lectronlc mail. Recipients then electronically transfer the greetings for viewing off-line using their Color Mail disks. Color Mail is available to CompuServe subscribers with Commodore 64's

or lSS'sThe Color Mall software may be ordered from CompuServe for

$40, which also includes CompuServe's Vldtex communications program, 103 design elements and illustrated user guides. To send a greeting, Color Mail users pay 25 cents in addition to the regular CompuServe connect-tlme charge. New groups of design elements called libraries can be ordered

and downloaded electronically. In addition, Hallmark Cards is sponsoring a special exchange forum on CompuServe so Color Hail users can exchange ideas and ask the developers of Color Mail questions. (Hallmark Cards, 2440 PersMng Road, Suite G-40, Kansas City, MO 64108)

Libya Air Strike Update iVlicroProse has updated their F-1S Strike Eagle

documentation to include some of the key events in the April 14th US. air strike against Libya. Updated versions, shipped in late May, are now available in stores.

The update provides background information and an updated map, along with suggestions on how to use various parts of the program's seven missions. Owners of the original version may obtain updated documentation from their software dealers. The

Co shopping on your Commodore computer free. Shop for bargains for an hour free on QuantumLink,'" the new telecommunications service designed for Commodore 64a and Commodore 128'" computers.

Pay for one month ($9.95] of basic service and get a free month of news, fun and information.

You must have a modem and disk drive to use QuantumLink. if you don't have a modem, pick one up at a retail outlet, "men hooK up your modem and call QuantumLink on your computer (not your telephone).

1-800-833

software program itself remains unchanged. (MicroProse, 120 Lakefront Drive, Hunt Valley, MD 21030)

Saxophone Master jyiasterSoft has released another program in the Mastery in

Music Band Series. Saxophone Master joins Flute, Clarinet and Trumpet in offering an alternative to drill and practice with music personalized by your choice of key signature, time signature, note type and note range. Change tempos and play along with instant access to music facts and fingerings. Exercises encourage

beginners and challenge professionals. Also includes scales, thirds and Intervals in all major keys. Make hardcopy references with the special printer option. Available for the Commodore 64/128, it retails for $49.95. (MasterSoft, P.O. Box 10S7, Bend, OR 97709)

T« Ctxrunodva I?B okTrotenxini Qt Commodes

JULY/AUGUST'86

Better Than RISK

Power -you know you love it. You used to play RISK as a kid. Maybe you still do some times — whenever you can get enough

LORDSOF

people together.

Did you ever wish you could play by yourself? Or make changes in the map? Wouldn't it be great if you could attack North Africa from North America? Or Japan from Brazil? Announcing Lords of Conquest'from Elec tronic Arts.

it isn't RISK... it's better. It's a conquer-the-world board game that explodes with new life and new pos sibilities because it uses all the power of your computer. Every battle is alive with

A Great Strategy Came

• File kindt offoras to /ijjfcl urirh-hones, wcaporu, buaa, territory Jxuirioru, and dries. • F«« kinds of wealth lo light for—gold, timber, ban, tool, and herds of horses.

• Fnr !-4playen. As fan for one as il is jm four.

onto warships for attacks across oceans. ... great multiplayer games, com plete with treaties, trades, and treachery. . ..playing chal lenging solo games against an intel ligent computer opponent.

music, color graphics, and strategic challenges impos sible in a board game. Imagine... ...having an infinite number of unique maps to choose from, so each game is different. ... marching your armies

New U'otlds lo Conquer

...a built-in game editor powerful enough to be called a "Strategy Game Construction Set." Lords of Conquest. No more mucking around with cards and dice and little pieces of plastic that roll under the couch. Now you're free to concentrate on more important things. Like exterminating the opposition.

•An infinite tunrtj ofgame maps.

Srrattg> CamcComnutnon Set • Variable game xttings-yon let ihe lotatiom and

* Create your own, or play any oj 20buiti-inmips

abundance of reiouras, jonxs. anJ transport

• The computer can generate unlimited ran dom irtflps.

• You deride \ke luck factor. • 4 fcteis of complexity. • 9 levels of handicapping.

lilw Annan Rome, Euro/sun Wars, iind TheM'arld.

ELECTRONIC ARTS" Howtciordcn Vl»i( ygur retailer. If you arc unable io find ihr product at your local remilcr, you can call 800-Z4S-452S for direct VISA or Mastercard orden

(in CA call 800**62'Hl2)*The Aitect price n IJIQS fat the Cammndnrr ^cr^lon Apple unJ Alan ucmuiu coming »oun To buy hv mul send check ur n-.tmcy orJci rn Elccnonk Am Ducii Sale*. PO Bon 753& Sjji M^tcLi. CA ^4403 Add 55 for shipping and haridiinjj {$' Catudnh) Allow 4 week" For delivery Thc^r is a H*day, Tnnney-lwf fc ^uarar.Tec on diteci orders

For a fOmpErtc proJjci (,mlog, 'end 5C= »nd a lumped, lelf-addrn^d envelopetfl Elecrronk ArtiCatalos, tSZO Gircway Drive, San Matea CA 94404 RISK iei rcgmcTed trademark of t h Commi»darc i* ■ regiarcred irademark of Commodore BuiLncn Htdilnw, Apple t* * f<s£"rred ftadcmatl; of Apple computers Arari a a lee^ceced crademarb of Attil ■ ■iJt:.i:h|i And Coimk EncounTei arc rcLjufcrcJ [laiJemarki of EON 5ofrwjre Lord* of Conqucu and ElcrironJf Arr» are teeiarercd trjJcmait» nf Eletrronit Art*. ) of Conquest is baicd on (he board (iimi ^Borderland*'" by EON — (he crcaiori of "Cosmic Encoumcr*1*

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

COMMODORE'S

NEWS

FROM THE FRONT

Centronics Printer Network

VJomspec Communications has released the Mlcroshare MCS 8000, a printer network incorporating an internal 256K buffer.

Thia network is for any computer using a standard Centronics output to the printer. With the MCS 8000, you can connect several computers to one

printer. Because the MCS 8000 has a built-in 256K buffer, it is able to accept requests for printing from more than one computer at the same time. The MCS 8000 is available in either a four-channel (MCS 8004) or eight-channel (MCE 8008) configuration. By cascading the

networks, it 1e possible to add an infinite number of computers. It is completely software transparent and does not require any special commands or environments to operate. It connects to the Centronics printer output port and requires no modifications to the computer or additional hardware to be installed. The MCS 8000 network is self-contained and doesn't require any memory in the

require. The MCS 8004 retails for $742, and the MCS 8008 retails

computer.

The MCS 8000 comes complete with ail necessary cables and connectors. When ordering, please specify the type of cables you

for $886. (Comspec Communications, 153 Bridgeland Avenue, Unit

5, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2Y6, Canada)

Get a set of encyclopedias on your Commodore computer. Unlimited use of the Academic American Encyclopedia™ is just part of the [earning fun and information you'll enjoy with Quantum Link,™ the new telecommunications service for Commodore 64s

and Commodore 128™ computers. Get "A" to "Z" free for one month when you pay for one month ($9.95], You must have a modem and disk drive to use

OuantumLlnk. If you don'l have a modem, pick one up at a retail outlet. Then hook up your modem and call QuantumLink on your computer

(not your telephone).

1-800-833-9400 nuanTumnnM * COmmOdtwu 64 OfflJ f" Commodore l3SareHo3emortsarCcnnjTvxHye [ I* □ rtrt»iTiOr» ft

JULY/AUGUST 86

End of the Plain Mouse IVlouseTop, the mouse cover with a "country mouse" look, gives

personality to the Amiga and Commodore 128 mice. Made from

silver/gray fur, MouseTop comes in two varieties. One is slightly near-sighted and wears wire-rimmed glasses, and the other has perfect vision.

The washable MouseTop protects the mouse from the grime of

daily use, and its humorous appearance can weasel a smile out of the most serious hacier. MouseTop retails for $5.95 with glasses and $549 without. (H 9 H Enterprises, Box 2672, Corona, CA 91718)

The Infinity Mac holds the se of eternal --....

the

■■M A: A unique end revolutMrary accessory for tho Commodore 64

and 128. This powe^H cartridge now lets you effortlessly

play oil those im^Kible game: without being killed!

Qi Sound) difficult, ^m

A: It's Simple - J^rplug into your CA4/128 and pros a button to a^BBte the Infinity Shield.

Q: How doel iJ^HrV A: All the tJj^Kandi of published action and animated games ", are disabled by the Infinity and the Infinity Shield protects the player ing shot or crashing!

I can I now cfo in a game lhat I couldn't before?

rivaling the cartridge enable* you toi- "Enter a game at any level you

...soie". "Explore all the areas and levels of the gome and find the parti of

the game you didn't know existed without being killed." Deactivating Ihe cartridge at any point you choose enable! you to continue to play the game totally normally.

The Infinity Machine is brought to you at $24.99 by Mastertronic, producers of incredible value Commodore 64/128 K software such as Slugger, 5-o-side• Soccer and The Last V8 all available at S9.99.

Contact the Mastertronic hot line for the secret of eternal life on 301-695 8877. Mastertronic International Inc., 7311b Grove Road, Frederick, Maryland 21701

COMMODORE'S

NEWS

FROM THE FRONT

New Products on QuantumLink

-Li. new area of the QuantumLink telecommunications service has been created for companies to announce new products for Commodore computers. Companies post product Information directly on the special electronic message board, with all information made available to users within 48 hours after it's received.

The New Product Information message board Is currently located within Robert W. Baker's Meet tha Press section of the Commodore

Information Network on QuanlumLlnk. For information on QuantumLmk's complete telecommunications services, call 300-392-8200.

Mental Fitness on the Commodore 64 Jjlectronlc Arts has released Mind Mirror, a mental awareness program for the Commodore 64 by Dr. Timothy Laary. Fart game, part tool and part pnilosopher-on-dlsk, Mind Mirror is a trip through Inner space. After selecting a subject (or stereotype) to scrutinize, the user rates the subject on a series of seven-point scales. The program then summarizes the results and presents them in the form of a Mind Map, a geographical representation that allows direct comparison between different subjects. You are then invited to play Life Simulations, the part of the program where you really give your subject the test. Life Simulations

presents you with a series of situations, and asks you to respond to each one through the eyes of your subject. (Electronic Arts, 1820 Gateway Drive, San Mateo, CA 94404)

Special Education and Rehabilitation Source VJlosing the Gap has announced the availability of the 1986 Resource Directory, a comprehensive resource guide to the organizations and companies whose services and products are applicable for use in special education and rehabilitation. The 128-page guide provides information on what's available and where to find it.

Sample the latest software on your Commodore computer free. With GuanlumLink,"* the new telecommunications service for Commodore 64® and Commodore 128'" computers, you con sample the latest software free

for one hour. Now sample QuanlumLink's other services free, too. A month of news, fun and informa tion is free when you pay for one month ($9.95).

It Is divided into four sections: organizations, publications, software and hardware.

The 1986 Resource Directory provides a sampling of the information contained In Closing the Gap's data retrieval service,

CTG Solutions, the source for information on all products and applications of computer technology identified by Closing the Gap

during the past five years. It retails for (7.95 (discounts for bulk). (Closing the Gap, P.O. Box 68, Henderson, MN 56044)

QuantumLink. If you don't have a modem, pick one

Murder Mystery for the Commodore 64/128

(not your telephone).

xictivision has released Murder on the Mississippi, a 19th-

1-800-833-9400 auanrumi/nM.

century murder mystery set on a Mississippi riverboat. The

TM [>-]■!'/ i

Mississippi contest, whose winner will receive a trip for two

You must have a modem and disk drive to use up at a retail outlet. Then hook up your modem and call QuantumLink on your computer

i■% a r, ;.J.-<-.. . , ■

OfW«s ir»c KC * Commooois 6* Civi tm [omfncaore 17B iirr

company has also announced the national Haider on the down the Mississippi River. Murder on the Mississippi takes you on the Delta Princess

Electronics Lid

riverboat in search of a murderer. Sir Charles Foxworth, a famous British sleuth, and his constant companion, Regis Fhelphs, have discovered a body, and you must help them search for clues and suspects.

Gamers may qualify thamselves and the retail outlet from which they purchased Murder on the Mississippi when they fill out a contest entry form and send it to Activision. Details of the contest

will be available inside specially marked boxes of Murder on the Mississippi and at participating retail outlets. The program retails for $34.95. (Activision, 2350 Bayshore Frontage Road, Mountain View, CA 94043) JULY/AUGUST r86

■■■■-•-.

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■-

-.- -' ' I mmamtm

Flight Simulator I Scenery Disks The Challenge of Accomplished Flight

Apple and Atari versions will be released soon. Each disk covers a

With a realism comparable to (and in some ways even surpassing) $100,000 aircraft flight simulators, Flight Simulator II includes full flight instrumentation and avionics, and provides a full-color out-thewindow view. Instruments are arranged in the format standard to modern aircraft. All the radios needed (or IFR flight are included. Front, rear, left, right, and diagonal views let you look in any direction. Program features are clearly documented in a 96-pagc Pilot's Operat ing Handbook.

For training in proper flight techniques. Flight Simulator II includes another 96-pagc instruction manual, compiled by two professional flight instructors with over 8,000 hours flight time and 12.000 hours of aviation teaching experience. You'll learn correct FAArecommended flight procedures, from basic aircraft control through instrument approaches. To reward your accomplishments, the

manual even includes a section on aerobatic maneuvers.

night flying modes.

Flight Simulator II features over 80 airports in four different scenery areas; New York. Chicago. Seattle, and Los Angeles. Six additional Scenery Disks covering

the entire Western half of the United States are now available in IBM and C64/I28 disk formats.

priced.

The Pure Fun of "World War I Ace When you think you're ready, you can test your flying skills with the "World War I Ace" aerial battle game. This game sends you on a bombing run over heavily-defended enemy territory. Six enemy

fighters will attempt to engage you in combat as soon as war is declared. Your aircraft can carry five bombs, and your machine guns are loaded with 100 rounds of ammunition.

See Your Dealer. Flight Simulator II is available on disk for the Apple II, Atari XL/XE, and Commodore 64/128 computers for

$49.95. Scenery Disks for the C64 and IBM PC (Jet or Microsoft Flight Simulator) are $19.95 each. A complete Western U.S. Scenery six-disk set is also available for $99.95. For additional product or ordering information, call (800) 637-4983.

The Realism and Beauty of Flight Go sight-seeing over detailed, realistic United States scenery. High-speed graphic drivers provide an animated out-thc-window view in either day. dusk, or

geographical region of the country in detail, and is very reasonably

Apple H n 3 [Milemiik of Apple Conipuicr, li

Ami XL -Vlri Xf arc tMdcm.ir^ of Ann Corp CnrnFTiodore t*4 me] 129 arc ua&iTurlu of Commodore Elctuomti I iri IBM PC 11 a re^itTcred trademark ai I me ma tion.il Bumnci% Mjchniet Corp

SlmulatwII Corporation 713 Edgebrook Drive Champaign IL6182O

Order Line: (800(637-4983

THE COMM • i •: CONNECTION. Introducing QuantumLinjCthe only official ^Commodore -supported on-line service. It will expand your 64's universe further than you ever imagined. Now you can take your computer beyond the limits of software programs. The new QuantumLink™ on-line service has been specially designed to turn your

Commodore 64* or 128™ into a powerful "tele-computer" All you need is a disk drive and a modem to access hundreds of useful features.

Participate in on-line seminars and discussions. Join Commodore's nationwide user group.

MAKE NEW FRIENDS

Chat live with users across the country. ■ Send and receive electronic mail. ■ Find partners and play chess, hangman and other games in full color.

Here are just a few of the services available.

EXCITING SOFTWARE • Preview top new software before you buy it. • Get hundreds of public domain programs. • Read accurate, insightful software reviews.

f,of*Modore Software Showcase

t People < ' trnni d '■'••

■

i^t i an -

■

r. nig

i rr.ter

HOT COMPUTER INFORMATION

• Exchange messages on bulletin boards. • Get fast answers from Commodore

I V . t HHIM

Serv 11.1Ct-iitt-r

-m..

computer experts.

• Read exclusive Commodore reports.

• "Ask Commodore" and get a quick reply.

Illf tll'Md I 1 (Ml

QuantumLink's full color, easy-to-use menu.

STAY INFORMED • Access Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia!" • Read USA Today™ Evening Update. • Get the scoop from RockNet™ news, Hollywood Hotline,™ Soap Opera Update.

FROM HERE TO INFINITY

FOR ONLY $9.95 A MONTH.

New QuantumLink is the lowest priced full service network. For only $9.95 a month

If you have a modem:

you can expand your Commodore's uni verse with a whole range of QuantumLink services. And, you can access many fea tures including the encyclopedia, software catalog, USA Today, entertainment news and trivia quizzes as often as you like, for no extra charge. Special "Plus" services cost only 6C per minute. But, your first hour of "Plus" time every month is free. (No sur charges for communications or 1200 baud access, either!)

If you don't have a modem:

■ Month Free

Service

you ri'(jn up (or 4

Now, getting on-line with QuantumLink is easier

than you ever imagined. If you have a modem, we'll send you the QuantumLink telecommunications software and when you sign up for a month, we will give you the

second month of service free. If you don't have a modem, we'll send you a 300 baud auto-dial modem and the QuantumLink software free when you sign up for four months.

Commodore. Commodore T78 ami Commodore 64 are trademarks ol Commodore Electrons I irmicd QiJarnumlmk ft a trademark ol Quantum Computer Services. Int Academi

is a trademark <>l G*d*<r FI'tlra'K hitching tnc USA Toc!<]> ^.iir,sd-viM!l ul Gannett Co. Im1 Hollywood Hnitiriprs a Trademark of

nuanTumnnH. ™^^ The Commodore'Connection *■■

Ll I HAVE A MODEM. Please send me the free QuantumLink

telecommunications software. I understand I will be charged the first month's fee of $995, and will get the second month free:

Name.—

2 WAYS TO ORDER:

Address. Gty

.Stale

Zip

-Eve Phone-

BY PHONE:

D I NEED A MODEM. Please send my free 300 baud auto

dial modem, and the QuantumLink software. Charge my

credit card $39.80, to cover the QuantumLink $9.95 monthly fee for the first four months." Credit Card i 'MasterCard

Acci HoSignature.

I ] Visa

-E»p

If you have a modem, you can register on-line for fastest delivery! Hook up and call 1-800-833-9400! If you need a modem, call 1-800-392-8200, and ask for Terry BY MAIL

Mail card or this coupon to Quantum Computer Services, Inc.,

8620 Westwood Center Drive, Vienna, Virginia 22180.

It you y u» more Itwn (he fit fueled 1 hour o! Ruv wrv<t« eXfi month, you *itl UP tjdlpil lirlhreilrahTie u

OtfVr fVr vjli vjlidinCcnlinpnDlUS lorrw* HrtwcnberionV

235

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

RBVTEWHD BY SCOTT A. MAY

Touchdown Football

I IMrtCIC I

Computer: Commodore 64 Publisher: I magic/Electronic Arts

27£>Ii Campus Drive San MittffiO, CA 94403 Medium:

Disk

Price:

S29.95

In Touchdown Football, pass

M. he rumors began over a year ago. Somewhere out in Softward and. they

delight of Commodore 64 owners ev en-where, lmagic's Touchdown Foot

ball has finally arrived, distributed by Electronic Arts. A few minutes on the field is all il lakes to convince you

Touchdown

1#1 ■»

that the pressure is placed where it

belongs: on the defense

Offering five, ten and fifteen-min quLiners,

so easy

that its reputation is well deserved. ute

GHSOVIKI i 1 &4

completions are

said, WBS a gridiron game so good, it hud CO be seen to believed. To the

fi fd

Football

can be enjoyed as either a solitaire game against a tenacious computer

opponent or by two players battling head-to-head. A third option is a dem onstration mode that allows the com puter to play

itself.

Novice players

will find this last option useful for

the opening coin toss and after tur

.studying game play and picking up

novers, as well as a team cheerleader

requiring that you choose from nine

Strategics

who helps celebrate touchdowns.

possible

before taking joystick in

hand.

Simple joystick input makes play

One of the most remarkable as-

Defensive selection is less involved,

formations.

left/right

These

combinations

include prevent,

selection a snap. While moving'the

tight and monster defensives, as well

pecis of Touchdown Football is its

joystick through

as the blilz, zone coverage and goal

ability to combine graphics, anima tion and strategic depth with smooih-

each play is listed on-screen in a win

line stance. During punts, you can set

dow above each team. During two-

up a return or Iry for a blocked kick.

as-silk joystick conirol. From play se

player games, you can choose your

Although

lection to execution,

plays in private by holding down the

blocked punt, applying pressure dur

fire button, moving the stick in the

ing extra points and field goals works

the action is

fluid and fast-paced. The representation of the football

field offers :in elevated sideline per spective. Although only 20 yards are

visible at one time, the field scrolls in

its

nine

positions,

I've

never

witnessed

desired direction and releasing the

about half the time. Both punis and

button. A beep indicates that your se lection has been entered.

field goals can be faked. Pressing the

Selecting offensive plays is a three-

either direction, as if tracked by a mo

step procedure:

First you

must

Commodore key before the kick al

lows ihe player to run or pass. Pressing the "T" key al the start of

bile television camera. 'Hie scrolling,

choose from nine possible line forma

the game

which is a bit jagged, coupled with

tions,

clock. A five-yard penally is assessed

the field's white yard lines produces a

tions of string, slot and "I" formations,

against the offense if time runs out.

slight strobing effect. This can be dis

split-T, shotgun and kicking setups.

Time-outs are called by hitting the

orienting at first, but is less noticeable

Nexl yon program both left and right

left SHIFT key for the home team or

after continued play.

receivers to either block or run one

the right SHIFT key for visitors. liach

including left/right

combina

activates the 30-SeCOnd

Bach player commands a team of

Of eight pass patterns (flag post, side

team receives three lime-ouls per

six men, detailed right down to the

line, safety valve, streak and button

half. Pressing the spacebar pauses the

face masks and knee pads.

Diving

hook). Finally, the offensive line must

game for "official" time outs.

tackling

be told to block left, right or straight

tackles,

body

blocks,

gang

The offensive player conirols the

and end /one victory dances highlight

ahead. In addition, the kicking forma

quarterback while your opponent as

die

tion allows you to punt or attempt a

sumes the role of defensive free safe-

action.

Other nice

touches

clude a referee who appears during 18

JULY/AUGUST r86

field goal.

Continued on pg. u.i

PLUS 4 / C16 Owners. . .

You are not alone! TRI* MICRO CAN HELP you get the most out of your computer Become a member of the PLUS EXCHANGE, a newsletter published by Tri Micro. The advantages are limited only by your imagination! O Software and accessories, discounted 20% to 40%, offered only

^ through the PLUS EXCHANGE.

At only $40.00 per year, PLUS EXCHANGE provides up-to-theminute information and invaluable support.

Discover PLUS EXTRA, our most popular selling program. It allows you to make the best use of the built-in software of PLUS 4. The Programmer's Reft; re rice Guide for the PLUS 4 [also applicable for C-16 owners) is available through the PLUS EXCHANGE.

Tri Micro CAN HELP you HELP YOURSELF! Fill out the coupon today and receive your complimentary issue of PLUS EXCHANGE.

1-800-826-4859 Name

Address Zip

City, State Phone (

)

DPlease send me more information and my complimentary issue

â&#x2013;Ą Enclosed is my check for $40.00, 1 year membership (circle One) VISA / MASTERCARD ft

Signature

Expires.

TRIL MICRO

P.O. Box 11300, Santa Ana, CA 92711

SOFTWARE REVIEWS Personal Portfolio

KEVIi:\VI-l) BY TKO SALAMONE

PEBSONftL

PORTFOLIO rMHAOEl

CO 1985 financial ntrr Curr.nl

Select Portfolio:

Manager

Application!

O»te:

Hunt* PirmiMn *<•■

Inc.

ai/01/i3S5

ftcc«s Strvic*. ButD

| ortfaliD/C» Seturltm

Computer: Commodore 64

Password.

Quotes Closed h■ 11f

Publisher: Abacus P.O. Box 7211

Medium:

Grand Kapids, Ml 49510 Disk

Price:

S39.95

Gr«*t*/S*l*ct Prim

dial

uts Run

ii* Dtii Ctijnje piriiHttri by f>r»ilng

CoMact Quatcx flain Ntnu

-'Mi Nook Hook

.Light or heavyweight investors can use Personal Portfolio Manager to

track stocks, bonds, mutual

funds,

treasury hills, or other securities. But

the program does a good deal more than just store data. It performs analy

Personal Portfolio Manager has one goal: to maximize the return on your

investments.

ses, creates standard or customized reports,

and

accesses

commercial

data bases. Personal Portfolio Man ager has one goal: to maximize the

mode. The 1541 disk drive and the

return on your investments.

following modems work: Viemodem,

manually log onto two telecommuni

1650 and 1660. Any properly inter

cations networks. Information about

every type of transaction, from buys

faced printer is supposed to work,

data disks and compatible products

and sells to short sells, covers and

even with the screen dump capabili

complete the appendices.

stock splits. Predictions of future ac

ty. (The 1526 works fine, since the

tivities (hy individual security) can be

screens are not bit-mapped graphics.)

less than

plotted based on past performance and current market conditions. Plug

If you

two passes. The copy routine also for

hardware, 1 would recommend that

mats the disk. 'ITic similar Reports

in the data and let the 64 do the rest. Portfolios can be created to reflect

you test your system with the pro

Transfer routine (to put the reports

gram before actually purchasing it.

on the data disk) needs five passes and

The program makes it easy to track

the broker, type of industry (auto

are

using non-Commodore

A well organized user's manual is

calculator, and instructions on how to

Preparing a copy of the disk takes ten minutes and

involves

about seven minutes to get the job

motive, computers, Elfin bakers), or

included. The first section explains

done. Data disks must also be pre

any classification you desire. Using

how to use the manual and load the

pared. There is a 99-disk limit, so any

sophisticated features, you can even

program.

one handling the Getty or Gucci for

leave the 64 in auto mode and access

copies of the disk can also be found

tunes will have to cross this program

here. Seciion two is a tutorial

off their list.

telecommunications networks to re trieve

updated

quotes and

Instructions

making that

output

takes you through the main functions.

The main menu functions provide a

copies of reports. The package is even

Each menu option and function key is

good overview of the entire system.

strong enough to be used by profes

thoroughly explained, and inputs are

Within option one (Maintenance),

sionals to maintain client portfolios.

listed so you can follow along. livery-

you can add, edit, review or delete

thing throughout the manual is de

portfolios or cash, all types of securi

tire program is function-key driven. Function keys and their purposes are

tailed and clear. Beyond the tutorial lies the largest

ties, quotes (manually ) or closed files.

listed at the bottom of each display

single part of the manual: the refer

create customized reports or select

screen. 1'or example, pressing F3 on

ence area. Bach screen is displayed

from five standard reports. Printouts

the Maintenance-to-Portfolio/Cash

along with its purpose, field descrip

can be produced at any time.

screen allows you to edit any field on

tions (where needed) and function

Within the Communications mod

that particular screen. On the main

key uses. Every aspect of the program

ule, users can log onto the two net

menu, yon simply position the cursor

is covered In these pages.

works to download Information The

Except for the main menu, the en

next to the desired function and press RETURN.

From

the

Reports option, you

can

appendices.

Utilities option includes the Auto Run

Topics include the utility programs

program, various file utilities (to reset

on the master disk (copy routine and

data files for a new year or to consoli

two others), examples of the five stan

date files), and the Reconfigure pro

with Personal Portfolio Manager.

dard reports (Quotes, Unrealized

gram to redefine your computer sys

Tested hardware includes the regular

Gain/Loss, Income, Transactions, and

tem (printer and modem connected).

64, the SX-64, and the

Tax Report), a handy lour-function

Continuedonpg, ii~

Abacus

warns

users

that

some

brands of equipment may not work

JULY/AUGUST'86

128 in 64

Finally

come

several

M TTTTTTTTTT,

LOOKING t 4,096 COLORS 4-CHANNEL STEREO 32 INSTRUMENTS

8 SPRITES 3-D ANIMATION 25 DMA CHANNELS

A BIT BUTTER AND

A MALE AND FEMALE VOICE

ONLY AMIGA GIVES YOU ALL THIS AND A 68000 PROCESSOR.TOO Three cuslom VLSI chips working in combination with the main processor give Amiga

graphic dazzle, incredible musical ability and animation skill. And they make Amiga the only com

puter with a multi-tasking operating system built into hardware. All these capabilities are easy to tap

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bus in addition to the serial, parallel and I nical manuals enable you to lake full

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advantage of the custom chips and the software support routines in the writable control store on the Kickstarf" disk that comes with every Amiga computer. You can access these resources in a

number of development languages, includ ing Amiga Macro Assembler,'" Amiga C, Amiga Basic (Microsoft0—Basic for the Amiga), Amiga Pascal and even Amiga LISP.

So Amiga not only gives you more creativity, it gives you creative new ways to use it. Amiga by Commodore.

GIVES YOU A CREATIVE EDGE. -ArnieaiiorroOoroarkof CommodoreAmiga. inc -Kicfcsiort Is c trademark ciCommodoieAmiga, int.

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS Pocket Planner 128

REVIEWED 11V GARY FIELDS

Ifyou are a 128oivner

lookingfor a

Publisher: Digital Solutions Unit 2

Richmond Hill, Ontario

L4B 11)9 Canada Price:

£49.95

which takes

—

advantage

MTocket Planner 128 is a businessquality, full-featured package thai in cludes both a spreadsheet and graph generator. It takes advantage of the panded

55 55

spreadsheet

ofthel28's

Commodore

!53

powerful

30 Werthcim Court,

Disk

NIK

Commodore

Computer: Commodore 128

Medium:

-■;-; '

128's memory and ex

keyboard.

This

power,

special keys,

80-column display, and hefty memory,

Pocket Planner 128 fits the bill

review de

scribes Pocket Planner 128 when

used on the Commodore 128 in 128 display.

able and the keystrokes needed to ac

The program's features are almost Identical when used on either the

mode

minimum, maximum, count cell), as

complish them. If the brief descrip

well as trigonometric functions, logical

tion is not sufficient, pressing HELP

Commodore 128 using a -iO-column

operators, and conditional statements

again will call up more detailed infor

display or in the Commodore 64 mode.

supported by Pocket Planner 128.

mation. Novice and experienced us

The program's sheet size is a healthy 100 rows by 250 columns, equal to 25,000 cell locations. And

The

using an

80-column

spreadsheet

uses

traditional

formula and cell formatting syntax, and can be displayed with or without

a grid overlay to separate individual cells. The command lines display the contents of each cell, its status (pro tected, format, type, content), and the name of the current Tile in memory. Anyone who has used an electronic

Formatting, editing, moving, copy ing and evaluating cells is done in the traditional way, but Pocket Planner

128 includes some nice features not found on other spreadsheets. One of the nicer features is the ability to NAME a cell. For instance, let's pre

tend cell H65 is a formula which con

spreadsheet before will appreciate the sensible selection of command and editing keys used here, For in

somewhere else in your spreadsheet

stance: To open a window, press the

formula by 12 to get a monthly profit

CTRL key and "w." To close the win dow, again press the CTRL key, but instead of the lowercase "w," press

tains the profits of your company, and you need to divide the result of that average. Normally, you would have to remember which eel! contained the

because the program reserved 64K of memory for file use, there is little

danger of running out of memory when creating even the most elabo rate spreadsheet. Each cell can be as small as two or as large as 78 charac ters wide. Editing a cell is logical too. Again you use the toggle sequence of either

the CTRL key or Commodore key, and the first letter of the command, lowercase to activate and uppercase to turn off. For instance, to protect a cell from accidental change, it can be

vated commands toggle between shifted and un-shifted. To define a

formula for profit and then reference it in the new formula. In this case, if you named the cell that contains the

that cell and pressing the CTRL key

range, put the cursor in the first cell

simply enter "PROFIT/12" to get your

and "p." Now the cell's contents (val ue, formula, label) cannot be tam

answer. To name a cell, ail you need

pered with until the cell is unprotect

uppercase "W." Most of the key-acti

and press CTRL and "r" (for range),

then move to the last cell you want included in the range and press CTRL and "r" again. The range will be high lighted and you can move, delete, copy, protect or sort the range with a single stroke.

If you forget a command, instead of searching through the manual, press

the HELP key. This displays a brief description of all the features avail22

ers alike will appreciate this.

JULY/AUGUST '86

profit formula "PROFIT," you would

do is precede the formula with the name and

a colon: "PROFIT:@su-

m(A23,M23)." The program has an in

protected by putting the cursor in

ed by pressing CTRL and "P." To print a sheet, press the Commodore key and "p," but to first select print op

ternal checker to prevent you from

tions, press the Commodore key and

accidentally duplicating names.

a shifted "P."

Heavy users of spreadsheets will be

The spreadsheet can be evaluated

happy with all the math functions (addition, subtraction, exponentia

either automatically or manually, and

tion,

tically. A bit slower method that takes

modulo,

absolutes,

logarithm,

random), multiple cell functions (sum,

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BUSINESS STATISTICS

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FORECASTING AND TIME-SERIES

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into consideration formula locations

voted to helping you create your own

which refer to cells not yet updated is

printer module. Another feature if you have a dot

called Smart evaluation. This method will be preferred fay new users of

matrix printer is sideways printing.

count all formulas referenced by cells

Because spreadsheets are normally designed wider than the width of 80-

regardless of location. This assures ac

column paper, printing them can be a

spreadsheets since

it takes into ac

curacy no matter how randomly your

problem. Digital Solutions solved this

spreadsheet is designed.

problem

Editing and

moving around the

Spreadsheet is performed with word-

sheets

of printing wide spread

including

option

dump the sheet sideways. This option

processing-1 ike commands as well as

can be selected directly from the

the

main program and does not require

traditional

spreadsheet

com

mands. If you use a word processor

saving and loading another program

more often than a spreadsheet, you'll

to perform. If the printer used is not

appreciate these friendly and familiar

capable of performing sideways print

controls. Two of the most helpful arc

ing, the sheets can be printed in the

SALES AND MARKET FORECASTING ... 145

the Search and Search/Replace com

traditional method. If only a section

DECISION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES .... 110

mands. They work like traditional

of a sheet is needed, it can be printed

word

by first

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JULY/AUGUST '86

defining a range and then

dumping only ihat range.

also al

The one shortcoming of Pocket

lows an unlimited number of win

Planner 128 is its 6-1-page reference

dows, as well as the ability to freeze

manual.

and accurate. The program

110

PC/MS-DOS, Amiga. Macintosh, some CP/M

service number. Circle the

processing commands and

make finding and changing data quick

PROGRAMMING

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

title columns and rows.

One of the more Impressive fea

Alihougli the

manual

con

tains all the information needed to use Pocket Planner 128, finding the

tures of Pocket Planner 128 is the

information can be confusing. 'Hie ta

graph generator program. This

ble of contents and index help, but I

lets

you illustrate sections of the .spread

found myself thumbing and scanning

sheet

for details which 1 remembered read

using

stacked

bans,

cither lines

simple or

pie

bars,

graphs.

These graphs can be simulated on the

ing, but couldn't locate.

If you are a Commodore 128 own

monitor's screen, dumped to a print

er looking for a powerful spreadsheet

er, or saved on disk where they can

which takes advantage of the

he recalled by either Pocket Planner

power, special keys, 80-column dis

I28's

128 or integrated into Digital Solu

play, and heft)' memory, Pocket Plan

tions' word processor. Pocket Writer

ner 128 fits the bill. If you are a Com

128. I found this a welcome option

modore 64

since numbers alone can't show the

spreadsheet

relationship between data as well as

which will move with you when you

graphs, nor do they carry the visual

buy a 128, Pocket Planner 128 fits

impact of graphs. The fact that a graph

your bill too. Because Pocket Planner

owner in you

can

need of a

use

now but

can be created at any time (you don't

128 is one of a trio of integrated pro

have to dump the spreadsheet to use-

grams from Digital Solutions, data

graphs) and can be printed easily is a

created or stored by it can be used

real plus.

and duplicated by the word proces

Printer compatibility is an impor

sor, and can use data stored on the

tant consideration when you pur

daia base. This compatibility extends

chase

even to the ability of the word pro

any

patibility

business program.

here

Com

accomplished

loading an individual printer file which

matches

different

printers

cessor being able to duplicate graphs created by Pocket Planner 128. Pocket Planner

128's impressive

when Pocket Planner 128 is first run.

capabilities, multiple features, logical

Tlie title screen lists all the printer

design, portability and

files stored on the disk. To select one,

price mark it as a product the serious

just move the cursor to the correct

user should consider.

reasonable

file and press RETURN. The printer module will load and automatically

Pocket Planner 128 and its sister pro

set the default values for that printer.

gram, Pocket Writer, were formerly

If your printer is not among those

titled Paperback Planner and Paper

listed, a section of the manual is de

back Writer.

Integrate TTni > PROCESSOR AND

)R THE COMMODORE 64 & 128 AND APPLE || SERIES

No-Nonsense, Simple Tb Learn Approach to Small Business Management"Sandy Schupper, President Sort Any Data Base

Menu-Driven

Free Database Templates

Free Telephone Support

Prints Letters and Reports

Easy For Anyone To Use

High-Powered Editing Features

Displays 80 Columns

Information From Your Database

Incorporate

Into Your Letters And Reports Automatically THE PROGRAMS ARK MEM i-DRIVEN SO TOUR INSTRUCTIONS ARE BUILT-IN. Browii Bag Software* helps you ]yam (aster because

\0 EXPERIENCE NECESSARX Learn to use a database in one hour-even if you design yum own template! Master a powerful word pro-

youwhMlmli i next, eliminating lime-consuminCand possibly confusing

and incorporate it into a letter you're wrilinfl usingjust a few kejstrokes!

when you need it. there!; a manual that prompts you on the screen. It tells

ces^ng program in asingle evening! Put! information from jour database

referencing with the written manual.

WHAT THE DATABASE MANAGER DOES

WHAT TDK WORD PROCESSOR DOES SIMPLE PACE Pi 1RMATI0N. Left justified or right and left justified. Add dedicated title lines to the top of, my pa^JtistitV all lines automati cally or do it line by line. Center lines when appropriate.

STATUS UNES LET YOU KNOW WHERE YOUARE. iftiowatall times the pa^e number line number and coluifinhtimberof the cursors present position. Know how much memory you have left and what is the mode ofjustificah'oa advanckthecurstmtothkbkginningorendofthe •.

document; no matter where yi ju are within it

INSERT ADDITIONAL TEJCT IN THREE WS& Onediaracter

atatime.'cutandfilue'forwhole blocks of text, or by addingablank: line to your text

INTERRACE WITH THE WORD PROCESSOR ideal for rbrm letter mailings. Up to 20 merges can be. made.

DESICNEDTOSAFEGUARDAGAINST ACCIDENTAL DELETIONS OR ALTERATIONS.

CREATEACUSTOM DATABASE TEMPLATE OR USEANYOR ALL SEVEN TEMPLATES INCLUDED: The Mailing Usl-Ai-itessss, phone numbers, hirthiiays and other important dates, etc. Computer

Pmyrams-hxty track of your personal software library—titles, skill level,

life size, dollar value, etc The /inference Guide-locate usei\il articles by

subject, publication, issue, etc. Office Inventory—know your equipment's location, serial number ifcsc rip lions, values, where purchased, etc. The Sfeciifliwy-teep track of those important dctni Is, organize meeting dates,

times and locations, reminders and confirmation dates.TheAnswertng

Stw/ce-doublesasamessagepaaand telephone directory Keeptrackof

I JELETE TEXT IN THREE WAYS. One character al a time, delete partial lines or delete entire lines of text.

calls by company name, sales representative, date called, phone number, even comments. The Oryanizer-tNvvS missing deadlines by breaking down projects into areas of responsibility; losing delegations, assigning

SEARCH AND REPLACE ONE OR MORE WORDS.

character at a time or line by line

follawur* dales, etc fixpenses-recal! any expense by data, amount, receipt number or type ofexpense. Ideal for expense review and report complication.

PULL1NF0RMATI0N FROM THE DATABASEMANAGERtNJUST A FEW KEYSTRI IKES.

field of information in ascendingor descending order.

l)ti|'I.ICATETEXTONT!lKl.iNKHEI.OU!NTUO\VAVS.One

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS Rags to Riches

Accounting

KI'.VIEWED BY ERVIN BOBO

ment. The cursor, HELP and numeric keys form a compact cluster at the

right side of the Amiga keyboard, and

>mii;Nttrtni;9,

htlim Wfi: Zll

90% of the operations are done with

Icwt nc.U:

those keys.

lilrWiO:

11/15

COMK

rKfi™&ks Aeecrcnt:

ililrnrlt ivfi: FUIN Inaltt Ivti:

Computer: Amiga

Within each module is an Options

PWIH

selection, somewhat comparable to

Publisher: Chang Labs

Preferences on the Workbench disk. This gives you final control over the

5300 Stevens Creek Boulevard

printout without leaving what you're doing. It also allows you to control

San Jose, CA 95129 Medium:

Disk

Price:

5499

your

M\.ags to Riches consists of three modules,

available

separately

for

SI99 each or 1499 as a set. General Ledger, Accounts Receivable and Ac counts Payable comprise a package for general accounting using the stan

dard double-entry system. It provides a tiill audii trail, which is extremely easy to use, even it you've never be fore tackled .such work. The documentation, done in spiral

hinders so the hooks will lay fiat, are clear and concise, taking you step-by-

The three modules of

Rags to Riches are integrated, and

Included with the General Ledger

disk are templates, covering the ac

combination of5,000 accounts, customers

makes it easy to get Started—you can

of outstanding credit are color-coded.

10,000 transactions.

put yourself in raging mode sooner.

90 days old, thereby allowing you to The

three

modules

of Rags

Riches arc integrated, and support a combination of 5,000 accounts, cus tomers

i 3-:r*

liHl

and

vendors,

and

10,000

transactions. Once an account is set

up and saved to a data disk, all three

It,ibl.tt

I|WH

modules can access that disk and add

S,J[3.H

or change information. Work done in

175,331.31

receivables or payables is then posted

kt h«titi

to the general ledger with only a few

Mil Hwlh

keystrokes.

Rags to Riches is a well thought-out accounting package, Rather than sim

minor modifications, and start work

In each Of its modules, Rags to

red, but because in the Accounts Re ceivable package, the various agings

After Only a short time, you'll know by color alone that an account is over

choose the one you need, make any

ing immediately.

The colors of Rags to Riches are intense and you may want to adjust

and vendors, and

counting needs of more than two dozen types of small business. This

white on blue.)

not only because it shows debits in

than that, each book has an appendix

bers a bit easier to understand.

Amiga, "black and white" is actually

to compensate. I prefer using color,

support a

ing, billing, and clieck-writing. More

to make the arcane science of num

selecting between

the contrast and brightness controls

step through the many phases of post

that teaches (he basics of accounting

display,

"black and white" and color. (On the

er, replaces the bottom line with a

ply porting a tried-and-true program

paragraph of instructions. At the sec

to the Amiga, Chang Libs rewrote it

Riches fully utilizes the power of the

ond

bottom-line

to take

Amiga by dumping the whole pro

screen

and

speed, memory and keyboard layout.

level. is

Know, again

the

visible

briefer

advantage

of the Amiga's

gram into RAM. With no need to ac

instructions appear in a scrolling mar

In addition, Chang Labs offers user

cess the disk, the program really takes

quee-style line

top of the

support for the first 90 days through a

advantage of the Amiga's speed. lintcr

screen. This feature is for those who

toll-free hotline. You may also order

amounts into an account, make notes,

have been using the package for some

invoice and statement forms to be

then watch the "bottom line'" careful

time, hut who may require prompting

used

ly as you select "Post." Don't blink or

here and there. The third level, Ex

that are compatible with Payables.

you'll miss the change of totals.

pert, assumes you know what you arc

the

with

Receivables and

checks

If you have a small to medium-size

doing. However, ii is possible to call

business

Rags to Riches continually displays

up help at any time should you sud

about taking over your own account

the "bottom line" on the lower half of

denly begin to Buffer from amnesia.

ing, this is the package to use. If you

As you're working with an account,

the screen. 1 have not seen this fea

Completely menu-driven, Rags to

ture on any other accounting pxick-

Riches displays commands at the top

age, and I consider it unique and very

of the screen. Cursor keys are used

valuable.

rather than the mouse to move from

Rags to Riches works on three lev

els of expertise. The first level, Learn26

JULY/AUGUST'86

and

have

been

thinking

don't already have an Amiga, it is a good reason to buy one.

Ed Note: An updated version o/Rags

one option to another, which allows

to Riches will he available by mid-

greater speed and less hand move

sitntin or.

TECHNICAL REFERENCE SERIES

The Creator's Edge THE AMIGA TECHNICAL REFER ENCE SERIES from Addison-Wesley gives software developers and pro

grammers the key to unlocking the power and versatility of the Amiga Personal Computer. Published with Commodore Business Machines, Inc., the series is written by the hardware designers and program mers who actually created the Amiga's hardware, built-in-software, and user interface. C and assembly language examples throughout provide clear

illustrations of Amiga programming concepts. Comprehensive, these man

uals are the definitive reference works for Amiga programmers.

Titles include: AMIGA HARDWARE REFERENCE MANUAL Provides detailed descriptions of the graphics and sound hardware

of the Amiga and explains how the machine talks to the outside world through peripheral devices.

AMIGA ROM KERNEL

REFERENCE MANUAL:

REFERENCE MANUAL: EXEC

LIBRARIES AND DEVICES Provides a complete listing and description of the Amiga's built-in ROM routines and systems soft ware which support graphics,

Provides a complete listing and description of the built-in ROM routines and systems software which support the Amiga's multi tasking capabilities.

AMIGA INTUITION REFERENCE MANUAL Provides a complete description

of Intuition, the Amiga user inter face. Numerous examples and illustrations show how to create applications programs that con form to Intuition's guidelines.

sound, and animation.

All four volumes in the AMIGA TECHNICAL REFERENCE SERIES are available in April through your Amiga dealer, and wherever computer books are sold.

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS Kung Fu:

REVIEWED HI' MARK COTONt

The Way of the

One by one,

Exploding Fist

each

member of

Computer: Commodore 6-1

the Dark

Publisher: UXB Spinnaker Software

Master's

One Kendall Square Cambridge, MA 021 39

Medium:

Disk

Price:

S24.99

JDVSI1U 1 PLBVtR

cadre mill face you in

-liven if you're self-deft:useless,

a fight to

FiSt will have you dunning your black

the death.

Ktlfig Fu: The Way of the Exploding bell in no time. It provides the sce nario, setting, and struggles necessary

to transform a common joystick-tap per into a karate prodigy.

a fight to the death. Defeat ten succes

The tale is told of your abduction and subsequent imprisonment on a

sive opponents, each one slightly bet

ments is remarkably simple. Bach of

ter than its predecessor, and you will

the

small island off Okinawa. Japan. Your

be granted your freedom. Lose even a

(eight with the lire button depressed

captor is an evil ruler of the world's

single bout,

and eight with it released ) represents

largest remaining Ninja sect, a dis

your grave.

turbed dictator who has become jea

and the

arena will be

Controlling your character's move joystick's

16 possible positions

a karate move. By nudging your con

These matches, each presented as

troller in any direction, you instantly

separate

lously obsessed with your reputation

are

spring your fighter into aclion. So a

as a Kung Fu expert. You have been

watched at ground level from a side-

quick, almost undeteetable push-pull

forcibly summoned to this isle pen for

view perspective. The contestants ap

on the stick can initiate a combina

a murderous test of strength. One by

proach

classic

tion as simple as a short forward step

one, each member of the Dark Mas

Stance, attempting to inflict damage

with a punch to the face, or as com-

ter's elite inner cadre will face you In

with quick bursts of martial artistry.

one

conclusive

another

affair,

the

(A)iitinitt'tl mi f)i^r UJ

Alive and Kicking

reaction time of your challengers

putcr opponent, who, unlike a hu

in the preliminary rounds. Bonus

man foe, docs not possess the abili

Getting Your Kicks Without

points are awarded for quick dis

ty to change his attacking approach

missals, so don't be afraid to really

once his strategy has been uncov

tec off on these weaker rookies

ered. With a little practice, you can

If you are a newcomer, the first step

with some

often lure

to survival is to concentrate on learn

blows. These techniques are risky

making

ing the basic karate techniques. Using

and inadvisable against a more ex

which you can easily counter for

the documentation, study [he 16 joy

perienced opponent, so put your

stick moves until they become sec

best foot forward early.

Getting Killed

punishing knockout

your

challenger

an expected

move,

into one

victory.

•

Throughout

a bout,

there will

ond nature. Remember, once a match

• If you have a substantial point lead

begins, there won't be any time to

over a tough opponent, it might be

inadvertently move too close to

check reference charts.

strategically sound to move to a

each other, putting themselves in a

After the

some times when both contestants

should

defensive stance and try to wait out

position where none of their offen

first practice them against a stationary

the clock. By dropping into a low

sive moves can be used effectively.

opponent

mode,

crouch and executing a series of

Most players' first reaction is to try

then press on to face the feared forces

forward sweeps, you can make it

to initiate contact by taking a step

of the Dark Master. The following tips

virtually impossible for your chal

back. Unfortunately, this style re

might be helpful.

lenger to deliver the high-scoring

treat usually puts you in an awk

• As mentioned earlier, your oppo

offensive thrusts he needs to win.

ward fighting position, leaving you

moves

are memorized, in the

you

two-player

• With experience, you will discover

very susceptible to a quick attack.

way

that every attack has a successful

computer-controlled

counter-attack. With this in mind,

It is much safer to move backward with a somersault, a technique that

it can be to your advantage to

will move you further faster, with

|iays to take advantage of the slow

study the tendencies of your com-

out the risk of an enemy attack.

nent's

skill

crease

through

level you

the

will

make

slowly your

ranks. For scoring sake

JULY/AUGUST'86

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS

KEVlEWi-U BYKRVIN HOMO

Beyond the Forbidden Forest Computer: Commodore 64 Publisher: Cosmi 415 N. Figucroa Street Medium:

Wilmington, CA 90744 Disk

Price:

S19.95

lone archer in his

travels through a

ior those of you who survived the

Original Forbidden Forest, you can now

You control a

take another crack at

magical forest in a fully three-

it. For

those Of yOU who did not survive, and

dimensional

who despair of ever surviving, take

heart: Beyond the Forbidden Forest has a "resurrection" mode. Beyond the Forbidden Forest has

challenge

been designed to be not only a game with newer and deadlier challenges,

but to showcase programmer Paul Norman's latest trick called OmniDimension—you play the game in four

dimensions. The fourth dimension is time, of course, and it is running out.

Hut whai about the other three di mensions? This is not another one of

those ("ames where lines converge at

have in Beyond the Forbidden Forest

one vulnerable spot on this beast is

is so new and so fun that you may just

very small and surrounded by armor.

a distant point in an attempt to con

want to walk circles around a tree

The play screen is surrounded by a

vey a feeling of depth on your moni

until you've convinced yourself it is

black frame, adding to the illusion of

tor. This one really does have three

really happening. Push your joystick

depth. On cither side of the screen

dimensions, as nearly as can be repre

forward and

the back

are aiming devices that help you to

sented in two dimensions, and if you

ground, watching your figure dimin

zero in on your foe. Notch an arrow

aren't extremely careful, you may fire

ish; pull it toward you and return to

an arrow into your own forehead.

the foreground. He very careful to fin-

while still holding the button, aim in

any direction and elevation. Tire by

As in the original game, you control a lone archer in his travels through a

walk into

arrows when

facing the

fore

ground, lest you injure yourself.

pressing

the

fire

but Ion.

Then,

releasing the button. It is a system

magical forest. At the start, you have a

Should you vanquish the scorpion,

non-perilous demo mode to get the

a golden arrow will appear in your

feel of joystick control. Press F7 and

quiver, as they will for each great

man, this one surrounds itself with

you are beset by monsters that should

beast you slay. Once you've begun

heavy ominous music. Other sounds

not exist even in the imagination.

collecting

are done well and the graphics are

The giant scorpion—about the si/.e of a large dog—is your first adversary,

only a nuisance, because you'll always

superb, as is the animation. The one

and you may temporarily avoid him

golden

arrows,

death

be resurrected. Once

you've

easy to master.

Like other games from Paul Nor

quibble I have, as I did with the origi

collected

four or

nal game, is that I feel some scenes

by taking a path perpendicular to his.

more of these arrows, you are quali

are unnecessarily bloody. When a

Yes, perpendicular. If you

fied

beast dies, there is sometimes a spray

and the

to enter part

two.

the Under

scorpion are both in the foreground

world. Mere, if you manage to survive

of blood. And when you die, it is usu

moving toward one another, you may

the attacks of bats and can get past the

ally because some

stave off death by moving into the

fire-breathing Hydra, you'll enter the

chomping you into bits of blood and

background. And if something blocks

lair

gore. 1 think I could have done with

your way, just walk around it. Hide

course, is the most difficult to kill. It

less realistic demises, but all the good

behind it if yon like, at least until you

can be done, but you must be fast and

points of Beyond the Forbidden For

have an arrow notched in your bow.

extremely accurate, using all the skills

est will probably outweigh that one

honed in the previous contests.

quirk. They do for me.

'Hie 30

dimensional

JULY/AUGUST '86

movement

you

of the

Demogorgon.

He,

The

beast

noisily

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Feature for feature, the new Commodore 128'" system outsmarts its competition. It comes with o powerful 128K memory expandable to 512K, more than enough to start with and stay with for years. An 80-column display lets you see more of your spreadsheets and word processing. And with its 64,128andCP/Mw modes you have easy access to thousands of educational, business and home programs now available, it also has a state-of-the-art keyboard with built-in numeric ^ keypad to execute complex tasks with little effort. The new Commodore 128. From the company

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THE MISSING LINK! From magazine...to diskette...to disk drive

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JULY/AUGUST'86

Wrlie tor overseas rales

C64 Chess Buyer's Guide

REVIEWED BY TED SALAWONB

Checkmate Chess Programs for

the Commodore 64 V^hcss has been around tor approxi mately

1,500 years. Its origins arc

traced hack to the Indian game called Chaturange, which spread to the Near East and from there traveled to the Arab world, whose peoples then in troduced it to Western Europe when they Invaded Spain around 1000 A.D. Armed conflict continued to spread the game, as the Normans brought it

to England during the Battle of Has tings in 1066. The eastern half of Burope, the Byzantine remains of the Roman

Empire, acquired

the

game

through the more peaceful means of trade and cultural interaction. Clubs and associations formed, as

chess became widely accepted through' out Europe. The game changed: pieces such as the Queen and the Bishop became more powerful. Politi

cal and religious forces began to influ ence the game, causing expanded lev els of promotion for pawns and more

diverse piece movement.

dardized into the contest we know today.

The

seven

this low-priced bargain, though the

1600,

chess had become pretty much stan

chess programs

viewed here are roughly divided into two categories: basic and advanced.

Tlie basic programs provide limited graphic renditions of the board, have few or no enhanced play features, and

are somewhat restricted in the range

challenge will fall off relatively soon.

Whether you're a

As with all the programs reviewed

beginner or an expert,

here, this one handles Castling and En Passant maneuvers. Like most of the others, entries are keyed in using a

one of these seven

form of the Cartesian coordinate sys tem

chess programs will

known

as algebraic

notation.

That is, the rows (ranks in chess ter

be rightfor you

minology) are marked A through H and the column (files) are marked one through eight. Moves arc entered via

of competition. The advanced rou tines offer more levels of challenge,

pion proves to be an excellent value,

the keyboard. For example, D2-DS

enhanced

despite the lack of written documen

specifics movement of a pawn from square 1)2 to square D4.

playing and

tutorial

fea

tures, and, in one instance, the choice

tation. Operating instructions are in

between different sets of playing

cluded on disk, which is why there is

pieces and 2D or 3D views.

no written

information on

how to

play the game. ShareData advises that

Chess Champion

Making use of the function keys, you

can

list on-screen

moves, return to the menu to change

you make a back-up before running

the board setup, or start a new game.

the program. Since the disk is

not

The RESTORE key accesses the main

newest on the market. ShareData has

copy protected, regular copy utilities

menu where you can choose from

released Cbcss Cbatnpron as part of

work line.

The first title reviewed is also the

its

S8.00

disk

Load'.VGo

series.

Computcrists considering this pro

two different chess programs: "Cham pion" or "Chess for Two.'" This re

gram should have prior knowledge of

view will

whether it be games, business pro

the game or be willing to learn it from

'"Champion," which is in itself worth

grams, or educational software. With

other sources. With that in mind, nov

thrice the price of the program.

a price this low. you might expect

ices will still find this a cost-effective

Seven levels of play are available,

almost nothing in return.

introduction to a great pastime. More

and you can choose Black or White.

advanced players can still make use of

You

That's

right,

S8.00 per

application,

The good news is that Chess Cham-

concentrate

solely on

cannot force the computer's COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

C64 Chess Buyer's Guide move if you feel it is taking too long to respond, nor can you request help from the program. On ;i brighter note,

invalid moves arc not permitted. When they do occur, "Champion" gives an error message, notifying you

about the problem. Those less than proficient with a keyboard will be happy to know that the INST/DEL key is active, allowing edits of move en tries before you press RETURN.

plains this procedure, which is a bit

For $8.00, ShareData's Chess Champion is a surprisingly strong

newspapers, as well as taking back

Sargon II offers all the functionality of Chess Champion, plus slightly more,

take back moves. However, the take-

computer is allowed more time to re

plays. That is, it only erases the most

search moves at higher challenge lev

recent moves made by each side. By

els.) The graphics are crisp, black and white pieces on blue and light blue

comparison, the other programs take

squares. Every piece is easily Identifi

of the game.

watch

die

computer play

itself or

outs illustrated in chess hooks and moves.

entry.

ment which must be adjusted as high er levels of play arc selected. (The

against the computer, so you cannot

the process is workable nonetheless.

This feature is useful for entering lay

Response time is good, a measure

able as to rank. You can only play

cumbersome compared to the meth ods included in newer products, but

along with

basic written

instructions. Widely discounted, the program is a good purchase.

back feature only works within two

back even' move right up to the start

There are ten levels of play, with one designed specifically for that long distance

event,

postal

chess. The

have it referee between two human

graphics arc clean, but use sparse re

contenders. Again, you must look at

presentations

overall value and effectiveness, For

user manual is brief and to the point,

of chess pieces.

The

SH.OO, SharcData's Chess Champion is

covering program functions and the

a surprisingly strong entry in the ba

game's history. The best part of the

sic class of Commodore 6<i chess pro

manual is its bilingual nature, French

grams.

as well as English. Grandmaster Chess

weight" division is also from Hayden

is the only title with an international

Software. Starting where Sargon II left

flavor.

off, Sargon III is considerably more

An on-screen digital clock tracks total time spent by each side. This is a great

addition,

another feature not

.ea.se .84.-13

Software

first

entry

the

"heavy

advanced. Sargon III drops the colored graph ics of Sargon II for the more tradi tional

The list of options ends with a tutorial

pieces are still crisp, clear and easily

mode, where the

identifiable. The rank identifiers (A-H )

computer offers

black-and-white

look.

The

are visible whenever the board is dis

Overall, Grandmaster Chess is an

played, unlike Sargon II where the F7

inexpensive program with some very

key must be used to toggle them on

unique features. It can be a great gift

and off.

for French speaking individuals or an

between

excellent diversion in French class.

move listing screen. If you are like

Grandmaster Chess Artworx

'I'he

present in any of the other products.

moves upon request C9-F5

Sargon III

It is also very easy to flip the

board

view

and

the

most players, you'll play over 90% of

offers

chess

program entitled Grandmaster Chess.

a game looking at the board.

Sargon II

Extensive

documentation

an-

ThOUgfa more recent packages have

Haydcn's SafgOtt II is named ;ifter

oilier major difference between the

surpassed it in depth, it does provide

the Assyrian king who reigned from

two Sargons. Operating instructions,

some unique features, all for 92-195.

722 to 705 B.C. It is essentially the

the basic rules of chess (per the Unit

same as Chess Champion, but with

ed States Chess Federation), and nu

some extras.

merous chess problems are included.

By using the function keys, users can alter the color of the squares

(both light and dark) as well as the background.

Some

very

interesting

Sargon II has written documenta tion covering operation of the pro

Unlike others mentioned in this arti

cle, the 64 version of Sargon HI is a

combinations are possible as you cy

gram, but little else. Also an entry lev

two-disk program. One loads the pro

cle through the 64's 16-color range.

el program, it leaves online tutorials,

gram, the other has 45 chess prob

Besides having cosmetic appeal, dif

chess problems and other advanced

lems and 107 of die greatest (com

ferent colored

offerings for more

powerfulâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and

plete) games in history. Each of the

more expensiveâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;titles. A hint mode

situations and games can be loaded

is accessible through the F3 key, and

for analysis and study. The situations

force the computer's moves, restart

as in Chess Champion,

are also discussed in the manual.

games at any time, switch sides, and

change the board setup. Sargon II ex

boards

help

reduce

eyestrain during those long sessions. Grandmaster Chess allows you to

JULY/AUGUST'86

you

can

With Sargon III, you can not only

C64 Chess Buyer's Guide Basically, How about a Nice Game of Chess! is a sealed-down version of

take back moves, ask for help or force

^^MH^^^^^^^^^^^^W

the computer's move, but also switch

„

llUW ALKJUL d. 1MLC

Chess 7.0. This program comes com

black is at the bottom of the screen) or list all moves to the printer. Other

(~Lnmf> C^flP<«l ?C Vy\) f/lT VJM111C ^IICW. W uy JW

provides check and checkmate sce

nice features include the ability to

fhp fYlOSt

sides with the 64, invert the board (so

move pieces with a joystick (in addi

Mire

plete with an on-disk tutorial which narios, game

vides insight into the program as well

alter the color of the squares, pieces,

analysis, and it is even possible

endgame maneu

includes a demo routine which pro

games (including the 107 on disk), or

be altered for problem solving or

and

vers. This menu-driven program also

tion to the keyboard), replay saved

text and background. Board setup can

numerous openings, middletactics

as the game.

,, ,

%7lWOU>MCX\Wy

Instead

of entering

coordinates

with the keyboard, you move by plac

ing the flashing cursor on the desired

print out the current board position

piece

of all pieces.

and

moving

the

target

square. Pressing RETURN places the

The nine levels of play can be ex

piece as designated. The Inward op

tended to 18 if you prevent Sargon III

tion displays attacks and defenses on a

from thinking while you are taking

selected square, and the Outward op

your turn. You can, of course, play the

tion highlights squares attacked and

computer, watch the computer play-

defended. Both of these functions

both sides, or instruct it to verify

work on a per-turn basis. That is, they

moves between you and a human op

ponent.

automatically switch off after you make a move.

Sargon III is one of the best Com

HOW about a Nice Game of Chess!

modore 64 chess programs available.

recommends moves,

It is suitable for everyone from raw

allows

take-

backs, and replays groups of moves or

recruits on up.

entire games. You

can

also switch

array of features. Odcsta's Cbess 7.0 is

sides, alter board setup, play against

the only one that even comes close. As expected, you can play the com-

the machine, contest an antagonist, or watch the computer control both

putcr, another person, or study a

sides.

surprisingly powerful, making it one

computer game. Online help can be accessed easily, and most commands

In addition to the nine levels of play, there is a practice mode for

of the best values around.

are CTRL-kcy driven. There is also a

training purposes. The

variable board setup for situation

tion details strategic and tactical ma-

analysis,

neuvers. It is by far the most compre-

Mychess II The Datamost entry, Mycbess II, is, in my estimation, the dark horse entry in this comparison. Less well known than some of the other programs, it is

like the other programs mentioned so far, Mycbess II accepts coordinate entries via the keyboard. Unlike oth

The documentation is well orga-

ers, the hyphen is automatically en

nixed, providing a concise tutorial as

tered, thereby reducing the keystroke

well

count.

tions.

Users can take

back moves

clearcut

operating

Novices will

instruc

not feel

over

simply by pressing the left arrow key,

whelmed, even 1 hough Mycbess II is

rotate the board (90 or 180 degrees),

so well endowed.

switch sides, or ask for help. You can

hensive

documenta-

and informative "introduc-

tor)'" program,

Chess 7.0 The other offering from OdcMa is their top of the line Cbess 1.0. Both

Mycbess II is graphically outstand

programs are very similar in appear

also change play level anytime, out

ing, challenging and packed with fea

ance and functionality, but Cbess 7.0

put the moves to a printer, force the

tures, many of which are not duplicat

has additional bells and whistles. Also,

computer's move, or replay games.

ed on any other 64 chess program. It

its levels of challenge are more exten

There arc 128 games stored on the

is suitable for you whether you know

sive, perhaps the most wide-ranging

reverse side of the program disk, all

nothing about the game or are an ex

of al! the programs available.

available for replay, analysis or study.

pert.

Like Sargon III, the nine levels of play can be expanded to 18. Further more, you can choose between color or black and white pieces, select 2D

One problem cropped up early on

How about a Nice Game of Chess!

during the review—trying to load the program.

According

the

instructions on the insert sheet (meant

Odesta, the publisher of our next

to correct inaccuracies or omissions

or 3D board views, or play with one

two titles, has an outstanding reputa

in the manual) you must type l.OAD-

of several different piece sets (mod

tion for its chess programs.

"CHBSS7.Q", when in reality LOAD"*"

Even

ern, traditional). You can have the

though one is designed to address the

is the only command which works.

program highlight all legal moves per

needs of less proficient players, both

Once I got past this minor problem,

side or identify attacks or defensive

have sufficient features and capabili

Cbess 7.0 performed flawlessly.

postures on designated squares. No

ties to

other program for the 64 offers this

vanced category.

merit

inclusion

the ad

The now standard features of in verting the

board, altering setups.

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

C64 Chess Buyer's Guide pieces). The second demo is very de

changing the level of play (17 with

ChBSS 7.0 provides hints as well as

out having to tamper with the pro

analysis and study capabilities within

tailed in that it not only plays a game,

gram's "think" time), and taking back

the replay mode. The documentation

but also explains the options before

a move are all present. You can list

is very similar to and of the same high

actually running them.

the moves, switch sides, replay cur

quality as

rent or any of the 30 games saved to

about a Nice Game of Chess,'

that

included with Ilmr

One feature not encountered pre viously

is the "Blind" play option.

disk, display attacks and defenses on a

To get users started, there are two

Choosing this either camouflages the

square (Inward) or higtilight squares

demos: one which runs automatically

pieces as diamonds, or makes them

attacked and defended (Outward). A

upon

completely invisible.

"Look" feature depicts moves tlie

from the menu. (Like Odesta's other

about you. but chess is enough of a

computer expects in

product.

challenge when I know what the

the current

and

game.

loading,

uses

Chess

the other

7.0

accessible

menu-driven

the cursor to

position

don't

know

pieces are and where they are, much less when I don't.

Computer versus computer, human against computer, or human versus

human are all possible with this truly remarkable offering. Of all the pro

Dallas Direct The Most Competitive Prices on COMMODORE?

grams reviewed here,

it probably

poses the greatest challenge.

Each of these programs plays the fundamentals flawlessly. They arc all worthy

contenders—some

arc just

better gifted than others. Decide what

your level of competency is and base your decision on that.

For those

interested

knowing

more about chess, there are numer

ous books and articles on the subject, Additional

information can also be

obtained from the United States Chess Federation, located at 186 Route 9W Commodore Products C128 Computer

Call

C1571 Disk Drive

DSI-PPI Interface

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49.95

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39.95 23.00 23.00 49.95 59.95

Fast Load Cartridge Vorpal Utility Kit Matrix (C12B Utility)

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Caff and Order Today! 38

JULY/AUGUST '86

PPI Joystick

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Chess Champion Share Data

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fturport.NY 14450 How about a Nice Game of

New Computers from Commodore

Chessl/Chess 7.0

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Call

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DALLAS DIRECT "We used to work lor Commodore now we work for you!" 3208 Beltline Road Ste. 210 Dallas, Texas 75234

4084 Commercial Avenue Northbrook, IL 60062 Mychess II Datamost 20660 Nordhoff Street

Chatsworth, CA 91311-6 L 52 Sargon Il/Sargon III Hayden Software

600 Suffolk Street

Lowell, MA 01853

MACHINE LANGUAGE.

com moocomputEis THE

BEST OF

You'll find unbiased in-depth reviews of the best new software and hardware,.. discover how to make your

own programs.. .learn praclical home and business applications. And much, much more. Plus, in every issue, you'll receive free programsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;both games and practical applicationsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;you can type in and use right away!

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Subscribe or renew your subscription now at the low rate of 526.95 and we'll send you a full year of Commodore Magazine (12 issues, total) PLUS your FREE "Best of Loadstar" disk (16.95 value).

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COMMODORE

Got these 5V<" Double Sided Floppy Disks -i '■-' ill/ designed for ihe Commodore >29 Computer {1571 Disk Drive). 100% CarNNsd. LHatlmm Warranty, Automatic Lint Cleaning tlner in<lgded. 1 Bon of 10 - J9.90 (99' bo.). 5

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Converts your Commodore

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VOICE SYNTHESIZER 139.«

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CALL TODAY!

This PAPERBOCK WRITER 64 WORD PROCESSOR Is available

for

the

COMMODORE

insert/delete key controls line and paragraph insertion, autamoiic deielion, centering, margin settings ond oulpul to all printers! List $99.00. SALE 1M.M.

volume and pilch, make talk Ing adventure games,

sound action gomes and customized la Ikies M PLUS (S1°.9S valuo) TEXT TO SPEECH program Included FREE, just type a word and heor your tompgtor talk - ADD SOUND TO "ZORK". SCOTT

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MONITOR WITH SOUND *79.93 Super High Resolution green screen monitor. 60 columns ■ 24 lines, easy to rood, plus speoker lor audio sound included. Fonlostic valuo list S129.00. Sola >7>.*1. (CI28 toble S19.95.C44. Atari coble S9.95) PRINTER/TYPEWRITER COMBINATION 1.339.93

"JUKI" Superb letter quality, daisy wheel printer/typewriter combination. Two machines in one — just a flick cl Ihe switch. 12" e*tra large carriage, typewriter keyboard, automatic margin control and relocate key, drop in cassette ribbon!

(90 day warranty) centronici parallel or RS233 serial port built in (Specify).

lit

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» COLUMNS IN COLOR PAPERBOCK WHITER M WORD PROCESSOR 111.1)

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fi» In U.S.A. list i»9,00. SALE Ht.1I.

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COLUMNS when you plug in the B0 COLUMN

SUPER AUTO DIAL MODEM 121.95

down loading to printer ond disk drives.

ATTENTION

DISK DRIVE »239.0O

Doubla Sided, Single Disk Drive lor C-12B allows you to use C-12B mode plus CPM mode. 17 times (osier Ihgn 1541, plus runs all 154) (ormats.

[

( 1.60

(59.95

340K 1S71 COMMODORE

Easy to use. Just plug into your Commodore 64

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t HOT f XPANDER ft 10 COLUMN BOARD 141.1)

(in.-1

159.9!

liadir Board Tho Pr.nl 5haD Hollar iPmgKI

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Now you program 80 COLUMNS on the screen ol

Hi.-

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by Timeworks (Sols S59.9SJ. Thus, your not cost lor thn C13B tamputor is only S239.0S. list 1349.00. SALE11I«.00.

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we include the C12B Wordwrlfor Wordprocessor

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'20 x 144 dai

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• Voice Synthesizer $39.9$

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• 340K 1571 Disk Drive $239.00

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'" Mlowl With *59.9S Timework* Word writor Wordprucoitnr savings applied

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COMMODORE 64 COMPUTER 1139.9S You

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List $349.00. SALE tllf.*].

PHOTiCTO WARRANTY

All Protfltto's products corry a minimum 90 day warranty. It anything fails within 90 days Ironi the date ol purchase. limply land your product to us via Unlltd Parcel Service

prepaid. Wa will IMMEDIATELY send you a replacement at no charge via United Parcel Service prepaid- Thii warranty proves once ogam tKat WtLovr Ovr Cutfamiri.

• LOWEST PRICES • IS BAY FREE TRIAL • BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A. • ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL

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Add $10.00 for shipping, handling and insurance. Illinois residents ploosa add b'/.% to*. Add SM.OO lor CANADA. PUERTO HiCO, HAWAII. ALASKA. APO-FPO orders. Canadian orders musi be in U.S. dollars. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES, EXCEPT CANADA. Enclose Cashier Check. Money Order or Personal Check.

Allow M days for delivery 2 to 7 days for phone orders, 1 day express moiH Prices & Availability subject to change without nolica. VISA — MASTER CARD — C.O.D. No, C.O.D. to Canada. APO FPO

{ii.l. Oly.l

14" RGB B. COMPOSITE COLOR MONITOR 13S9.9S

Musi be used to gel B0 columns In calar with B0 column computers (C!2B - IBM ■ Apple], (RGB

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SALE S3S9.SS.

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List $329 00 13" Color Computer Monitor' Super High Resolution

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$▼

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14" RGB & Composite Color Monitor

Allows use of C-128 and C64 mode ■ composite and 80 column RGB mode. Musi be used to get 80 columns in color with 80 column computers. Specially designed for use with the C12B's special composite video output, plus green screen only option switch, (add $14.50 shipping)

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;

Sale

14" MAGNAVOX Higher Resolution RGB & Composite Monitor

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25995 Sale

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A# W

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Commodore Software Sale ORDER TOD A Yi

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8to8C.S.T. -M-F

GAMES (T) Tape, {Cl Cartridge, (O) Disk.

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D 2128 MACH 128 (D)

49.95

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29 95

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Strategic Simulations, Inc.

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r: 3016 PRESIDENT ELECT (D)

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□ 1562 BATTALION COMMANDER (DJ-. . 39.95

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34.95

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24.95 24.95 37.95 23.95 23.95 34.95 23.95 36.95 23.95 31.95

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22.95

SPELL CHECKER (D) $69.95 $59.95 [J 5024 DATA MANAGER II (D) 69.95 <9.95 I" 5026 SWIFTCALC WITH SIDEWAYS (0). 69.95 49.95

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n 5940 DESK MANAGER |D)CI 28

_ OIBO ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE/ INVOICING [D] _ 0182 ACCOUNTS PAYABLE/ CHECKWHiriNG (D)

G 3 G 3

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS

REVIEWED BY TED SA1AMONE

Updated Traditions Board Games a la

the Commodore 64 A his article takes an in-depth look :it computerized board games available

for the Commodore 64. One of the

TYCOON CBM-64

greatest things about these electronic classics is the ease with which you

can practice any time of any day; you no longer need to wait for a friend. They are also convenient. Since the

64 performs all the calculations, you are more able to enjoy the game at

hand. Monopoly速 monetary manipu

HIT

lations or bombing battleships, what

'R' OR

ever needs to be done, the 64 will do it.

One of the greatest things about these

Green Valley

Publishing, doing

business under the ShareData name, has several board-game products in

lating the score. It compliments you on a good play, and taunts you on a bad. Peg Out's graphics are adequate

electronic versions of

Peg Out

cards, and moves the pegs after calcu

for the task at hand, and response is

fast. Peg Out verifies all plays, disre

classic board games is

garding illegal responses. Error mes

that you can practice

can easily address it.

any time.

Since there are no user-selectable

sages point out any problem so you

Peg Out is tough skill

competition.

levels or handicaps,

novices

should be prepared for some humi

its Commodore 64 Load 'N' Go series.

cards whose totals tally 15. Runs are

liating experiences. But for the price,

All ShareData disks in this series are

series of cards such as a two, three

you can't beat it.

S8 each, and some have more than

and a four, while pairs are pairs of the

one program on each disk. None have

same numbers or face cards. A flush is

published documentation, to keep

the same as in poker: Every card is the

the costs at a minimum. One title is

same suit.

Board Game Challengers Another ShareData product, Board

Game Challengers, has three games

Peg Out, a cribbagc routine for those

There are actually two versions of

in one. The two board games on the

who already know the game or those

cribbage on the floppy, both of which

disk are Battleship and Real Estate

willing to learn the ropes another

work with a joystick plugged into

Tycoon (Monopoly-like). The third is

way, since it lacks instructions.

port #2. The regular version has the

a straight rendition of the card game

While cribbage is essentially a card

computer score all the points for both

Solitaire.

game for two players, points arc scored by moving pegs on a board.

sides, and the other has each side count their own. In the 64's ca.se, it

against the 64. Up to seven ships can

There are various ways to score: nobs,

never misses, so, since a player can

be placed horizontally or vertically

15's, runs, pairs and flushes. A nob is

take

on a grid, and locations cannot over

credit for an

opponent's un

scored when the jack is of the same

counted

suit as the card turned face up. Fif

what you're doing. Believe me, the 64

teens are exactly that:

doesn't need another edge. The 64 shuffles the deck, deals the

awarded for 44

Points are

each combination of

JULY/AUGUST'86

points,

you

better

know

In Battleship, one player (aces off

lap. All ships are three grids in length. A ship is positioned or an attack is

launched by entering row and col umn

coordinates.

For instance,

SOFTWARE REVIEWS the game board or quit entirely. The

MMMXXXXXKXXXXXXXXXX

program rejects incorrect entries.

MMMXXXXXHXXXXXXXMX-X-

tion where properties are put on the

* 3-D

LEUEL 2

LEVEL i X

■

Gamers can select an Auction op

TIC TAC TOE *

bidding block if the person landing on

LEUEL 3

■

iii

■□■Brjifl

them

declines the purchase at list

LEVEL 4

price.

Highest bidder wins, so you

■g

option

escrow, collectable by anyone land ing on the Free Parking square.

LEVEL:?

adds excitement and much

needed cash flow. By choosing this variation, taxes and fines are put into

poiBnoil

may get lucky. A Free Parking jackpot

To underline the game's faithful ness to the original, players rolling three consecutive sets of doubles are

LEUEL 4

tossed into the slammer. To gain a, reprieve, you must either try for dou bles, pay S50 in cash, use a Get-Out-1

of-Jail-Frec card, or pass three turns

REMAINING LINES

and pay S50 anyway.

KV MOUE RATED AT: 27

binding on Community Chest or Chance

also

changes

the

display

screen. Money is automatically added

"AOV" places a ship vertically at grid location AO. "AO" launches an attack against

that

particular intersection.

The first side to sink all of the other's vessels wins. Plain, simple—and ad

dictive! Misses are designated on the grid as

or subtracted from your account, and

ShareData's $8 game

your marker is moved if necessary.

disks usually feature

5200, deposited into their account.

two or three games.

erties, the computer evenly distrib

Those passing GO earn the traditional When erecting structures on prop utes the allotment. For example, six

houses on the orange lots would be

small circles; "X" marks a hit. The program disqualifies incorrect inputs,

Chance cards are graphically depict

split two houses to each property. If

clearing the way for acceptable en

ed on-screen, as well as the Free Park

another one or two houses (say seven

tries. The DEL key edits errors before

ing, Jail, Go To Jail and GO squares.

or eight total) were purchased, the

the RETURN key is pressed. Yon can

Since the properties are too small to

computer asks where they should be

restart the game at any time by simply

be named, they are color-keyed like

placed.

pressing the asterisk key.

the original. A pair of "tumbling" dice

As great as Real Estate Tycoon is,

occupies center stage. Game pieces

there is a minor problem concerning

are the numbers one and two.

the income

The only problem with Battleship is that it accepts duplicate entries, so be careful not to enter a previously

Basic operations are straightfor

Tax square. Unlike Mo

nopoly, the program does not provide

targeted grid location, unless you

ward. You select "R" to roll the dice

the S200 or

want to waste a turn. A methodical

or "T" to view the transaction menu.

must cough up a flat $200 for landing

10%

cash option. You

there.

approach, taking ship length and grid

The computer moves the numerals

size into consideration, makes it pos

according

sible to beat the 64.

screens to display details about the

since there are three games on the

destination.

one disk, all for $8, you now under

Program

response

surprisingly

each

roll,

changing

inexpensive soft

When you land on a property, the

ware doesn"t have to run like molas

screen displays an image of the deed

ses in January.

for that property. In addition, cost to

fast,

proving

that

Instructions are

The

graphics are pleasing,

and,

stand why Board dame Challengers

is a value you can't afford to pass up.

Just Games (With a Twist)

cluded on the disk for anyone not

purchase and cost to build houses and

already familiar with the game. As

hotels, ownership, number of dwell

with all other ShareData offerings, the

ings

mortgage

other offering from ShareData. Like

company urges you to make back-ups.

status arc displayed. And if it belongs to the odier player, the amount of

the previous title, multiple games are

rent owed is shown.

and one not reviewed here, Domi

Since

they

are

not copy-protected,

any copy routine works.

already erected

and

Jttst Games (With a Twist) is an

included (3D Tic Tac Toe,

Othello,

noes). The price is still S8.

Real Estate Tycoon, on the same

The transaction menu allows you

disk, is a surprisingly well executed

to review the properties by player,

and detailed version of Monopoly. A

list

small but colorful game board is the

sell properties, mortgage them or dis

with pen and paper. The board is ac

focal

play the deeds. You can also return to

tually

point.

Community

Chest

and

all properties,

build

structures,

3D Tic Tac Toe is a space-opera

version of the game usually played a

cube with

each

level dis-

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

SOFTWARE REVIEWS ~r~ -. - - -JKr&V

BACKGAMHGH

COPVRIGHT 1985,

seem clear after the first reading, nov

ices shouldn't be concerned. Play two

HUTCHCRAFT 6

ASSOCIATES 4

or three games and it will all become

obvious. Other friendly gestures in clude the price (S19.95) and another

offering on

the same disk. Euchre.

(Since Euchre is strictly a card game, it is not reviewed here.) The visuals are adequateâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a step

<BftR

above the graphics used by Share-

<OFF

the job done. Unlike Real Estate Ty

Data. While not exceptional, they get coon, which simulates tumbling dice, Backgammon H just reports the re

sults of its internal random number generator. The original has no sound

effects, and the 64 version doesn't either.

VOUR

ROLL:

ENTER

1ST

Incorrect entries cannot be edited.

MOUE:

To prevent entry of an unwanted but

played beside the other. No attempt is

the

made

placed until the board is filled.

fancy multidimensional

graphics, hecaiise

the result would

surrounding pieces.

Pieces

arc

legal move, you must enter a bogus destination.

There are three levels of play: Be

For example, a good

move might be

13-15, where the

have been so confusing that the game

ginner, Average, and Avcragc-to-Ad-

would be impossible to play.

vanced. Skill level can be altered mid

15. But let's say that you meant to

stream

enter 11-15 instead of 13-15. Since

The object of the game is to get

with

just a

few

keystrokes.

piece on space 13 is moved to space

lour O's in .1 row, horizontally, verti cally or diagonally before the 64 does

Once again there are no audio effects,

the origin space is already entered,

but the program makes extensive use

you can repeat the same space num

likewise with

of the 64's built-in character graphic

ber as the destination. The entry 13-

its X's. Entries are

placed by designating the desired co

set. Eight dollars for three games is a

13 will be rejected, and the program

ordinates, such as Row 3, Column 4,

remarkable

will stand by for another move. How

value

itself.

Yet the

Level I. Incorrect entries are refused

truth is, these games don't need so

ever, Backgammon II does not ac

if you forget

phisticated

cept

to clear them before

pressing RETURN, Any time the co

programming

make

ing zero or "Q."

moves. This somewhat

makes up for an inactive DEI. key.

Backgammon H

pensates for its run-of-the-mill visuals.

ordinate prompts are available, you can restart the game or quit by enter

illegal

them intriguing, fun and challenging.

involves a pair of

Tough competition, a fair price, and

Visually speaking, 3D Tic Tac Toe is

dice and 15 pips (game pieces). Based

an even fairer disk back-up policy all

primitive. Use of the 64'5 character

on rolls, pips are moved around on

tip the scales in its favor. If one word

graphics normally means thumbs

the 24-placc gameboard until they art-

could best describe the package, it

down, but considering the price, the

all within the final quarter (the last

would be addictive.

graphics are acceptable. There are no

six spaces or "points"). From here

audio effects, and game play is straightforward. The 64 is a compe

they can be moved off the board. In

MicroGo 1

this human-versus-computer game,

tent opponent. Interestingly, compli

the first player to do so wins.

I now head for the mystic Orient and the ancient game of Go, The 64

cated strategies don't seem to work as

Backgammon

Backgammon H more than com

In this computer version of the

version, known wMiCTOGOl, is pub

game, written by Hubert Hutchinson

lished in the LISA by Eurosoft Interna

otherwise known as Re-

(thus, the "H" in the title), the 15 pips

tional. The national game of Japan, Go

versi and half a dozen other names, is

moved by the 64 are red, yours are

has been played for over 4,000 years.

another game of strategy. The objec

black. The computer moves its pieces

A game of strategic and tactical posi

tive is to own the majority of game

clockwise, you go the other way. En

tioning, it is somewhat reminiscent of

pieces. In this version, you take the

emy pieces can be bounced from

Othello

white side and the computer takes

their position, making movement

game

the black. Each side takes turns plac

more difficult. By sending lone pieces

ends there. Go is more complex, of

well as the simple approach.

Othello,

ing pieces on the board.

The target square must be empty, it

with

pieces.

its But

black-and-white the

resemblance

to the "bar," you (or the 64) interfere

fering

with their proper and timely deploy

and varying board situations.

extremely subtle game

play

must be adjacent to a square already

ment, Even though skill, planning and

containing a piece, and the placement

logic are needed to successfully navi

players (two humans, 64 versus 64, or

must trap one or more of the oppo

gate the board, luck of the roll is

you against the 64) take turns placing

nent's pieces between two of yours. Trapped pieces change to the color of

equally important. If the enclosed game rules don't

black-and-white "stones" on the grid

JULY/AUGUST'86

Starting with an empty game board,

intersections. Positioned pieces can-

SOFTWARE REVIEWS not be removed unless they are cap

both sides can be seen by flipping to

tured by opposing forces.

the "listing" screen. This mode, as

As with most

most of the other features, is activated

contests, scoring

with a single keystroke.

points is the main objective. This is accomplished

by surrounding terri

From level five on up, Checkers 2.1

tory. A single point is awarded for

thinks about its next moves while it is

each surrounded vacant intersection

your turn. To even the odds some

or opposing piece. Gamers might try to

what, you may want to ask it for ad

run up their score by capturing their

vice. But beware! The computer does

own pieces, but this is not allowed. Sometimes

the

best

move

not always suggest the best moves.

And Checkers 2.1

move, so a player may pass when his turn

comes around. You

must be

careful with this option, though, be

does not always

win, either. (At least that's what Odesta says).

Checkers 2.1

A "Help" key displays the functions

cause three consecutive passes are an

The final program, Odesta's Checkers

automatic resignation. Of course, you

2.1, is not only replete with features,

ing" screen, a numeric representation

can always intentionally resign.

but also is exquisitely packaged, com

of which side is winning is displayed.

plete with in-depth documentation.

Zero is even-stcven, positives are in

MtCTOGol comes complete with

and how to access them. On the "List

the rules of Go on an illustrated refer

Taking their cue from the historical

ence card. The basics as well as ad

impact chess has had on checkers,

vanced game scenarios are described.

Odesta has developed Checkers 2.1

ues, weighted distance-values) may be

The flip side of this guide contains

similarly. Playing pieces are black and

changed at will. This indefinitely ex

loading and playing instructions.

white, and the program operates on

tends the value and playability of

principles

what would normally be a simple, no-

Besides providing ten levels of play,

similar to those used

the program's favor.

Game parameters (piece point-val

computer chess programs. The game

nonsense board game reproduced on

tutorial In addition to demonstrating

relies on an "opening library" of po

a computer. Users may vary (and then

how 10 enter moves, this animated

tential moves and replies, and only

freeze) the random number gener

routine teaches the game's underly

legal moves are allowed. Various

ator, which makes sure the 64 does

ing logic. A beginner's mode high

audio effects sound when pieces are

not repeat moves. None of this is per

lights potential territory so you can

moved, but these sound effects can be

manent, and pressing "R" resets every

gain even more insight. Until you arc

toggled on or off.

thing to the original default values.

MiCTOGol also offers a very helpful

up to speed, handicap levels even the

Either a joystick in port #2 or the

The manual includes playing tips,

odds. On the other hand, levels can

cursor keys move pieces about. Per

tactical problems, a brief history of

also he selected to give your oppo

sonal preference is the deciding fac

checkers,

nent the edge.

tor, since both methods have advan

methods used to program the game.

and an overview of the

tages. Checkers 2.1 is designed so that

When all is said and done, Checkers

at any time. From this menu, you can

you must jump if the opportunity pre

2.1

change

sents itself.

checkers, it is challenging, entertain

A menu of options can be accessed contestants,

quit

the game,

call up the demo, toggle the Begin

As a variation of the standard game,

ner's mode on or off, or select skill

a "give-away" option is available. In

levels. The stones are placed via the

this reversal of the usual game, the

cursor keys or a joystick plugged into

name says it all: The first one to lose

port

all his pieces is the winner.

#2. The space bar

pro

is much more than a game of

ing, and educational.

Publishers Backgammon H Hutchcraft Associates

last placed stone. This saves time

Checkers mavens can play the 64, play friends, or watch the 64 match

when you are duking it out for a par

wits against itself. Sixteen different

ticular section of the board.

skill levels can be independently set

Board Games Challengers

for each side. In case your opponent

Just Games (Wilh a Twist)

more than adequate. Response time is

has become

Peg Out

laudatory, and a take-back option over

switch sides. Or if playing the com

ShareData

comes the unwelcome consequences

puter, ask for advice, force its moves

7122 Shady Oak Road

of incorrect entries. The audio effects,

before they are fully developed, or

Eden Prairie, MN 55344

limited as [hey are, have an oriental

have it play any number of responses

tinge. Game play is challenging, and

to its own moves.

Checkers 2.1

grammed to place a piece next to the

The graphics, though simple, are

more importantly, it remains stimu

too

much

handle,

A demo explains (he program's fea

lating as you become more adept. The

tures.

There

take-back

option

features and conveniences in Micro-

which allows you to withdraw up to

Col make it a true value. After playing

30 miscues. Completed or in-progress

several sets of MicroGol, you under

games can be reviewed a move at a

stand why the game of Go has pros pered for 40 centuries.

time or in their entirety, just like in stant replay. The last

15 moves for

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WORDSMITH

SOFTWARE REVIEWS Fontmaster II

cderghi jkImnopqrstuvuxy

Computer: Commodore 64

CDEFGK i 3KLmnOPQR5CUVUlXY

Publisher: Xetec 2HO4 Arnold Road

Uc«le I <|Gi i j k I wiio|>qrs iwvwx

Salina, KS 67401 Medium:

Disk

Price:

549,95

O ncc in a great while, a truly aston ishing

REVIEWED BY DO.NAI.D MAXWELL

computer program turns

up.

Fontmaster II is one of them. It's unique among word processors for

the Commodore 64—and rare among

1ICUEFGH I cdef (N Jfcl BCDEFCtil JKLMNCPCE§TUVWX1

abedefghi jkImnepqrstuvu

word processors for any computer. As the name implies, Fontmaster II

prints your writing in many different

ii jlefl

"fonts"—shapes and sizes of letters. Compared to the characters normally available from a dot-matrix printer, the variety of shapes, sizes, and spacings it can produce is astonishing. FOtltmaster II comes with 33 dif

DIEFCWI bcdcFgh i jl< I tnnopqr

ferent fonts, each a set of uniquely-

like Hebrew and Arabic. There is a

shaped characters, ranging from open

"block" letters, to "bnuhaus," "manhattan," "script," and an exceptionally clean font called "goodtype." There's Russian, Greek and Hebrew. There's

even

"upsidedown"

and

"mirror."

And If those 33 fonts aren't enough, you can design your own.

You can use up to nine different

fonts in any single document. And you can change from one font to anOther whenever you want—even in the middle of a word—just by press

tuvujx

Hebrew font and a character set in

Fontmaster II comes

cluded in Pontmaster II. You'll have to make your own

with 33 different

if you want to

write In Arabic—but that should be relatively easy with the font and char

fonts. And if those

acter creators included.

aren't enough, you

The

can design your oivn.

reversing

feature,

combined

with a font called "upside-down." also

allows you to print right-side up and upsidedown on any

page without

having to turn the paper around.

12 different widths of characters. Fur

In addition, Fontnutster/I will print

can

thermore, any of the fonts and pitches

up to four columns on a page. If your

select inverse printing: white letters

can he printed in either normal or

printer can reverse the direction of

on a black background.

proportional spacing.

the paper, then Fontmaster II will do

ing

two

keys.

In addition, you

Similarly, you can

change the

Proportional spacing deserves spe

this automatically. Otherwise, it waits

height of letters, making an instant

cial notice because when combined

at the end of each column for you to

change from normal height to double-

with right-margin justification, it pro

roll the paper back manually.

height or to balf-helght You can even

duces somewhat better-looking justi

run lines together with no space be

fied text than most other word pro

tween them to print larger letters or

cessors. There are

gaps

Fontmaster II has the printer make

designs. Fontmaster II doesn't

between words, but they are less no ticeable because the proportional

two passes for each line, each pass in the same direction, and is, in effect,

spacing generally can get more words

printing graphics instead of using the

to a line.

character sets built into your printer,

pro

vide these, however, so you'll have to design your own.

You can alSO change the pitch, thai

still

extra

Printing

This is slower than normal printing,

is, the horizontal size and spacing of

You can also reverse the display,

the characters. In addition to pica (10

allowing you to type from right to

characters per inch) and elite (12 cpi),

left. In this mode, the letters appear

there is also "alternate" (II epi) pitch

backward'—mirror-image—both

and "konneet" (13

the screen and when printed 00 pa

tell Fontmaster II to use the normal

per. This is essential for writing in

dot-matrix mode, and it'll print as fast

languages that read from right to left,

as your printer can

also

normal,

cpi). There are

expanded,

and

com

pressed versions of each, giving up to

but the results are impressive.

If you want faster printing, howev er, a quick jab at a couple of keys will

manage.

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

Of 4B

SOFTWARE REVIEWS course, the output will be only your printer's normal dot-matrix font. The

fancy stuff takes longer. Printer setup is easy. A few seconds

after you load FontmasterS, you see a menu from which you select "Se tup." This presents you with a second menu that includes 19 interfaces and

74 printers. Selections arc easy, and you can test your selections without

leaving the "Setup" menu. However, only M of the printers listed arc capable of producing all of

the fonts that Fontmaster II contains. Another 17 will do all hut the three "supcrfonts"—extra-clean fonts that print about twice as many dots per unit area as Fontmaster's "normal" fonts. Most of the other printers can't handle many of Fontmaster Ifs fea

spond to embedded tabs. An especially nice feature of the H0-

Ifyou lock out the

column preview is that you can look

memory normally

word processors that offer an 80-col

reservedfor up to

your text all the way through from

at any part of your text. Most other umn preview oblige you to preview

eight of the nine fonts

the very beginning.

that can be loaded in

Control

Fontmaster \\ the text memory is increased

to 36, 936 characters or 21 printed pages

The CTRL and Commodore logo keys access most of the control func tions—text modifiers and font selec tion, block manipulations, find-andreplace, disk commands, 80-column preview, printing, and so on. When

you depress one or the other of these

keys, the status area at the top of the screen changes to a help screen (hat

The cursor appears as a blinking,

doubles as a menu.

Because these

tures at all. Therefore, before rushing

hollow rectangle

surrounding the

keys work cither shifted or unshifted,

out to buy a copy of Fontmaster II,

character it is on, rather than as a

you can call up four different menus

you might want to study the iist of

blinking solid block. This is what you

without having to go through one to

supported printers to find out if your

notice upon first using the program.

get to another.

printer can produce everything Font-

It's a small thing in itself, but indica

master Usends it.

tive of the care that the programmer

keep the menu visible, you press an

has put Into Fotitmaster II

other key that corresponds to the ini

The "setup" file is saved right on

While holding down these keys to

the program disk, so it loads auto

The top four lines of the screen are

matically along with the word proces

tial letter of the menu selection you

reserved for a three-line status display

sor. You may even have two entirely

want. This sounds tricky, but in use

and a one-line "ruler" that displays

it's very quick and easy. And because

be using Potitmasterll with different

tab stops and the horizontal location of the cursor. The other 21 lines are

the menus appear along with the

printers or different computers.

available for your text.

different "setup" files, in case you will

There are three other programs on

CTRL or Commodore logo key, there is rarely any need to look up these

With Fontmaster II, what you type

select from the main menu: a file

appears on the screen as a 40-column

commands in the manual. There is a fifth menu for disk functions that you

stream of characters. That is, there is

get by pressing CTRL D. This is actu

translator that automatically converts

no word-wrap; words too long to fit on

ally a selection from the unshifted

a screen line are broken and continued

CTRL-key menu, but you get to it so

the Pontmastar II disk that you can

files from other word processors to

Potttmaster II format; a fontmakcr

on the next line. 'IliLs makes proofread

quickly that you soon forget that. All

that enables you to design your own

fonts; and a character-set maker for

ing somewhat more difficult, but most

functions may be aborted by pressing

people get used to it quickly. It has die

the RUN/STOP key.

when you want to design special

advantage of letting you know exactly

characters that will be displayed on the monitor or TV screen.

Fontmaster II as a Word Processor

Format commands are embedded di

how many spaces you have at the end

rectly in the text, without the benefit

of a screen line. But don't forget, your

of a menu or help screen. You must

text is not formatted the way it will

look them up in die manual or the

appear on paper.

Quick Reference Guide card until you

However,

is an 80-column

leam them, but most of them are logi

As you see, Potttmaster II is really

video preview mode in which you see

cal mnemonics and easy lo remember.

something when i! comes to printing.

your text more or less as it will look

Text modifier and format commands

But as a straight word processor it's no slouch, either. It does most of the

when printed. For this display, Font-

are visible in the typing mode, which

master' II prints to the screen two

does clutter the screen somewhat. But

things a word processor should do,

half-width characters for each of the

this is typical of most word processors,

and does most of them efficiently. It lets you move blocks of text from one

places normally available on a 40-col-

although those with "word-wrap" usu

umn screen line. These narrow char

ally seem less cluttered.

place to another.

acters are clearly legible on a moni

It finds text you

Specify and replaces it with some

there

Fontnutster ii also automatically

tor. They might not be clear enough

compensates for changes in pitch, so

thing else. It prints headers and foot

to read comfortably on a TV, but you

that compressed,

ers,

can at least check on the overall for

and 13 cpi ail print out perfectly—even

superscripts

automatically

and

10,

12,

mat. The 80-column preview output

when centering or proportional spac

shows

ing is turned on. And

relatively easy to use.

width and height and does not re

JULY/AUGUST'86

individualized

expanded,

information into form letters. And it's

inserts

subscripts.

all

characters as

the same

in the typing

('.(inliiiiictliiii

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HOW USE BOTH SIDES

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

OF YOUR DISKETTE)

mode. Fontmaster II automatically accounts fbr all text modifier and format

DISKETTE

commands as soon as you enter them.

HOLE

PUNCH

The tab niler at the top of the screen

The 80-page manual is clearly writ ten and logically organized, with both

skips the text modifier commands.

a brief tutorial and a reference sec tion. It has a table of contents, an

Memory

or abOUt

and EDGE GUIDE

PUNCH OUT IS ALWAYS

IN THE RIGHT POSITION Available loi IMMEDIATE Shipment

only$1 0.00 ea. add S2.00 ca. shipping CHECK OR MONEY ORDER

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COST- 4- for ; Dept. CM

12 double-Spaced printed

pages. However, it i.s possible lo lock

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35 PROGRAMS (DISK) - $12.95

The manual was written by the pro

for up to eight of the nine fonts that

probably explains why it so clear and

can be loaded in Pontmaster II. This

easy to understand. Just as in design

increases the text memory to 36,936

ing the Fontmaster II program, he has

characters or some 21 printed pages.

obviously tried to

Another point worth mentioning is the

entire Pontmaster II pro

think about

the

manual from the user's point of view. For example, he has refrained from

gram, including all help information,

computer jargon like "toggle" to use

resides

"switch" instead. There is also a refer

memory.

Ill ere fore,

the

program disk is needed only when

ence card that shows the most fre

you want to load additional fonts.

quently needed information.

Miscellaneous Features

Evaluation

to the normal delcte-key function.

J]USBOI"OTRC JOavMIOWP. Pi

back covers arc samples of the 33 fonts that come with Fontmaster II. grammer, Marty Flickengcr, which

• There i.s deletc-to-right, En addition

<SS!

glossary. On the inside and outside-

out the memory normally reserved

that

„* N.P.S. Inc.

index, and 12 appendices, including a

The memory available for text is reasonably large—21,576 characters

WITH HOLE GUIDE

Manual

• There is a "soft" hyphen that isn't

When it comes to controlling a dotmatrix printer, there's no doubt that

Fontmaster II is extremely powerful.

printed if you reformat your text

For that special ability, it gets five

and ihe hyphenated word no long

stars—the very best. Considered only

er appears at the margin.

as a word processor, it's less spectac

• Underlining is visible in the typing

ular, but nevertheless pretty good.

mode. Hold, reverse, and underlin

For speed and convenience in use and

ing all show up as reverse in the

learning case, it gets four sturs.

HO-column video preview.

• You have your choice of Arabic or Roman page numbering.

As for "transparency"—the amount you are not distracted by the word processor as you are composing text

COMMODORE PLUS 4,™,

• Using the "overlay" command, you

30 PROGRAMS (DISK) - $15.95

can print one character on another.

Add $2.00 shipping & handling (foreign, except Cnnnd;i-S:i 00)

to letters in foreign languages, for

real plus. However, the 21-line, 40-

example, or the "slush" to a zero.

column screen, the streaming-text

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JULY/AUGUST S6

This lets you add diacritical marks

• You can change

the key-repeat

speed.

(not copy

typing)—Fontmaster II

gets only three and a half stars. The quick, clean menu/help displays are a

entry, and the formal commands can

be a distraction.

• You can change screen, text, and border colors both in the "setup"

I should point out here that very few other existing 64 word proces

procedure or any time you're using

sors are much better when it comes

the word processor.

to transparency. Of the 371 have eval

• You can set a block of text and then change the case of every char acter in it to either upper-case or

lower-case. Or you can underline an entire block.

uated, only one—Pocket Writer, for merly Paperback

Writer—comes

close to being truly transparent. Maybe it's asking too much to want all of those attributes in one word pro

• Headers and footers are also easy,

cessor right now, but until someone

and there is a full range of com

produces one that does everything,

mands for positioning them on the

Fontmaster II is going to be one of the

page.

most useful word processors available

• You can chain files together when printing and

to create

form letters with variable blocks. • And there's a back-up disk included in the box.

for the Commodore 64.

and print Ed. Note: A 128 version ofFonlmaster II will be available by mid-sumnurr.

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS

REVIEWED BY GARY V. FIELDS

the text will be duplicated on paper

Word Writer

Word Writer 128 allows

exactly as it appeared on-screen.

128

you to link and print

which is why the screen displays ex

up to 9,999 pages,

when printed. If you change margins

Computer: Commodore 128

â&#x20AC;˘i-S4 Lake Cook Road Disk

Price:

169.95

need to manually force a re-format.

with Timeworks' Data

Dccrflcld, ll. 60015 Medium:

This can be done as often as you wish, so you can try different and mixed margins until you get the document

Manager 128 and

W nrd Writer 128 is a business-

actly how the document will appear

within the body of the text, you'll

and is interactive

Publisher: Timeworks

Text is formatted its it is entered,

formatted to suit your needs.

SwiftCaic 128.

Once

chosen,

option

aborted by pressing the

can

128's BSC

quality word processor for the Com

key. You select options by either a

modore

pull-down menu or "Quick Com

128

thin

performs well,

works with either 40- or 80-C0lumn

mands." Pull-down selection is made

display, Includes a spell-checker pro

by pressing the BSC key to display

gram, :ind has all the features you

each option; Help, functions, Delete,

would expect from a good word pro

Tab, Print, Disk and Quit. To select

cessor, plus some. Among the unex

one, all you do is highlight the word

pected are an on-screen calculator

and press

and screen displays that show differ

way is the "Quick Commands." For instance, pressing the Commodore

ent typefaces.

These features are all

RETURN.

But the fastest

packed into an easily mastered word

key and "D" puts you in delete mode,

processor which will delight, as well

while pressing the Commodore key

as satisfy, the most demanding writer.

and "P" activates print mode.

The program is stored on a self-

New users may prefer the pull

booting diskâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;all you do is insert the

down menus initially, but will adopt

disk and turn on your computer. After

the faster "Quick Commands" once

the stat s line appears, you can change the color displays or go right

they become more comfortable with

to work. By viewing the program disk

will benefit most from the pull-down

Word Writer 128.

Occasional

users

directory', you can load a customized

tions, and built-in printer setups. And

menus, because there arc no com

printer file which will automatically

if you're a poor speller, you'll fall in

mands to memorize. And if you do

set the values to properly interface

love with the spell-checking program.

stumble across a problem, you can

with your printer. If your printer is

Standard

options

search-and-replace,

ed, a section of the manual gives you

merge, delete, move, headers, footers,

step-by-step directions to create a file

and merge files are easily activated. I

for words, sentences, paragraphs and

to match your printer.

especially

blocks. The cursor controls make

Word

insert,

always call for help by pressing the

not among the ones officially support

liked

copy,

search,

Writer

128's

HELP key. Editing functions

include

deletes

version of search-and-rep lace: Search

moving around a document fast and

like the amount of storage Word Writ

can be for either a word or an entire

easy. You can move space to space,

er 128 provides. You can input up to

phrase (both upper and lower case

word to word, line to line, page to

25 single-spaced pages into its 6-ik

letters can be used) and the replace

page or top to bottom of the entire

memory buffer before saving it to

ment can be either a word or phrase.

document with a single stroke.

disk. Later when your epic is com

The replacements can be made for all

Timeworks guarantees that if you

plete, you can link and print up to

matches or you can selectively pick

can find u word processor better than

9,999 pages! And because it is one of

which to replace and which to leave

Word Writer 128,

a trio of interactive business

unchanged.

you. They also offer a back-up pro

If you are the Tolstoy type, you'll

pro

they'll buy it tor

grams, you can use it with its sister

If you underline a section of text, it

gram disk for S14.70, and if the pro

programs, Data Manager 128 (data

will he underlined on the screen. In

base) and SwtftCalc 128 (spread

fact, if an 80-column display is used,

gram is updated, a copy of the up graded program costs only shipping.

sheet), also from Timcworks.

you can display text as boldface, ital

The 85,000-word spell-checker is

ics, underline, superscript and sub

integrated into the program (an inte

a keyboard, you'll like the logical edit

script, or a combination of all. For

grated Thesaurus is In the works). To

ing commands, speed and power of

instance, you could have the text dis

check for spelling errors, you simply

this program. If you use a word pro

play (and your printer print) a bold,

select

cessor only occasionally, you'll like

underlined italic. When you decide to

Functions menu, flip over the pro-

the help screen, pull-down menu op-

dump your manuscript to a printer.

If you spend a lot of time bent over

JULY/AUGUST'86

"Check Spelling"

from

the

Continued on />n- 132

Get the most out of your new

C-128 or Amiga computer with these authoritative guides prepared by Commodore's technical staff COMMODORE PERSONAL

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Programmer's Reference Guide

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Reference Guide.

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Here's everything you need to know, from BASIC to machine language and Ci'M operations, an input/output guide,

color codes, ami sound/frequency tables. Comprehensive appendices Include maps <>\ memory locations, error messages,

pinoul diagrams of primary chips, and a complete schematic diagram essential for modifications to tin' machine and in id .[.<i m l.n i! interfaces.

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SOFTWARE REVIEWS

REVIEWED LIY RICK TEVERBAUGH

Title Bout

Computer: Commodore 64 Publisher: Avalon Hill

Microcomputer Games 4517HarfordRoud Medium:

Baltimore. MD 21214 Disk

Price:

S 30.00

boasts 509 boxers mith an additional

Al's late- in the fight. You're in the corner with your battered warrior. He's fought valiantly, but the foe is

still standing. Before you send him out for the fifteenth and final round,

115 blanks for creating your own

you must give him some final instruc tions,

it's still too close

to assume

your man's got the victory safely un

509 boxers on disk, with an addition

in :\ fightâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;strategies like fighting in

der his belt. Does he need a knockout

al 115 blanks for creating your own,

side, going for the knockout, fighting

or merely

and, second, the amount of data tabu

outside defensively or offensively,

lated on each one is extraordinary.

covering up. You can also

a good round? Does he

have enough points to stay out of

to control a fight, his ability to cut

Strategy. If no strategy is picked, a fighter sticks to his own style, and

to throw in the towel?

another fighter or he cut, his techni

none of his ratings will be changed in

cal knockout rating, his hitting power

any way. This is a recommended se

All those decisions are yours in Ti

Each fighter is rated for his ability

use no

trouble in the final round, or has he taken so much already that you want

tle Bout from Avalon Hill. The board

and killer instinct, his knockdown and

lection when you don't know your

game that Title Bout is based on has

knockout rating,

fighter very well.

long been a staple of the Avalon Mill

endurance, defense, fouls, and even a

line, but this software rendition has

rating for keeping his opponent on

choice of attitude. These include all-

realism few programs have aspired to

the ropes.

out attack, aggressive, normal, cau

his aggressiveness,

Besides strategy, there

is also a

in the past. Add to this two impressive

Each boxer is rated for the number

facts about the boxers: I-'irst. there are

of times he may use a certain strategy

Title Bout

als and won at even- step by decision.

venth when

First

rounds over

drove Johnson to the canvas with one

Larry Holmes, then ten more over Joe

minute left in the round, Ali followed

an almost impossible route to the fin

Tourney

The crowd was in a festive mood for

had

been

ten

tious

and all-out

reireat.

doesn't

Continuedoitpg, i-.i

The tide turned quickly in the ele a wicked hook by Ali

Louts. To get to the finals, he had

it with a great uppercut. bill Johnson

cham

faced Rocky Mareiano, His defense

survived the final 60 seconds without

pionship at Avalon Hill Arena in Balti

had kept Marcinno from hurling him

tasting the canvas again.

more.

early, and in the eighth round things

the Title limit heavyweight

Maryland. Today, two defen

Ali

turned

the jab into

a lethal

sive stalwarts line up for 15 rounds of

had begun to favor Johnson. Mareiano

weapon in the twelfth and used thai

explosive

bad developed a cut inside his mouth.

punch to put Johnson down with only

and in the ninth he broke his hand,

ten seconds left in

Finally in the last round, Johnson had

round. Hut Johnson got up and was

Kentucky, Muhammad Ali. Ali defeat

knocked the

saved from an Ali follow-up by the

straight fab and had taken the deci

bell. Ati narrowly won the fourteenth

sion by scores of 118-110, 118-112, and 116-111.

Johnson as he recovered and pushed

action

determine

the

champion.

[n ihe left comer, from Louisville. three worthy opponents on

his

way to the finals. He had a lackluster, but solid decision over Jim Braddock. followed by a fifth-round knockout of

Rock down with a

Early in the bout, Ali spent a lot of

the thirteenth

round, and the final round went to Ali once again into the ropes.

Ezzard Charles. To get to the finals, he

time on

needed

skillfully scored points. Ali on occa

143-H2 lor Johnson, the second 142-

i-ii forJohnson, and the referee 145-

arch-enemy

12-round

decision over

"Smokin" Joe

the

ropes where Johnson

The

first

judge scored

the

fight

Frazler,

sion made some good punches, but in

One judge scored it I 161 I I Ali, one

general, gave away the early rounds

l-i2 for Johnson. A unanimous deci

a 1 16-113 win by Ali. and the refcrcthad it 114-114 for a split decision

to Johnson. The middle rounds were

sion! Ali simply gave away too much

even, but Johnson came on again in

too early and then couldn't put John

victory.

the ninth and tenth rounds, pepper

son away.

In the right corner, from Galveston, Texas, Jack Johnson. Johnson had had 56

JULY/AUGUST '86

ing Ali with surprising ease and quick combinations.

A most interesting tournament and a most believable outcome.

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SILICON VALLEY INSIDER

BY MAiTHKW LEEDS

cialty; the belly dancer overhears [id-

EA's Atlantis

bits and gossip; and the old hag knows old stories and legends about Atlantis,

Big News for

and is also a friend of the sea captain. Some of the information you gather

the Amiga

may

be inaccurate.

'Hie

informants

will respond to you differently if you are a man or woman. They have rela

Previews of new

tionships with each other, but may not trust each other, or you. You can

entertainment

give them money, threaten, cajole, or kill them. 'Ilicy respond as individ

products from the

uals, and use the speech capability of the Amiga. Some of the clues may be

Valley—-just released

about events or locations, others may

or in development

make no sense at the time, but will relate to future events. You also have an on-hoard comput

J. his month I'd like to take a close-

er called An in your underwater boat,

up look at three new products—two

and you may ask it questions. From

software, one hardware—and then

time to time you can also request re

give you a roundup of products in

ports on the progress of each mission.

development at press time

If you have completed

the mission

The first is a graphics adventure

itself, hut missed an essential element

from Electronic Arts lor the Amiga.

or clue that you will need on later

It is called Return to Atlantis, in it

missions. Art may tell you.

you play an underwater James liond-

This program has been in develop

type explorer working for a secret or

ment for over a year. The missions

ganization. You go through 21 secret

could he thought of as Saturday after

missions to get to the ultimate goal:

noon serials. Each adventure is a sepa

the seerei of Allantis. Along the way

rate event, but they are all interrelat

you gather clues and items while he-

ed. Some of the missions are timed.

ing pursued by Mr. Big. Hy [he last

You need to complete each mission,

mission you discover who Mr. Big is and how his organization works.

The game is set in a very high-tech world. You have the use of a submers

ible living boat called the Viceroy, and the assistance Of Huff, your underwat er robotic friend. Ruff is a robot that looks like a whale. It can be pro grammed to search for an object in a particular are:i or path, and whether to search cautiously or aggressively. If it

is told to

search aggressively,

The Digi-View video digitizerfor the Amiga creates highresolution color pictures that look

better than television

could be damaged (in an explosion,

and gather all (he clues and artifacts to solve the final mission—the mys tery of Atlantis. Next is an action/strategy game for the

64/I2H

from

Activision.

Its

called (HIA Basketball, and was pro duced by (iamestar.

will feature

over 40K of animation code and 600

different sprite images. The game de sign is by Scott Orr and John Cutter, graphics by Steve Chin, programming

by Troy Linden, and music by Tommy Duubar.

patterned

after GHA-

tor example), hut if it searches cau

cine on a regular basis has not been

tiously (for a metal object, for exam ple) it will call you every time it finds

receiving its shipments. You start gathering information by

create your own team, including ten

style two-on-two play, and uses a unique "league style" of play. You

a Coke'" can. 'Hie action has great 3D

talking to any of five informants that

players patterned from real life, and

perspective. You can get seasick just

frequent the local bar. They are a hel-

join five other teams to become a di

watching the screen.

ly dancer, a sea captain, an old hag, a

vision. The top two teams in each of

At the start of the game you enter

Moroccan, and an Arab. Kach has his

lour divisions progress to the quarter

your name, sex, and weight to set up

or her own character, and is likely to

finals,

your character. (Return to Atlantis is

know the most about things that each

pionship play-offs.

one of the Ural games that takes the

deals with. The Moroccan is a trader,

sex of the player into consideration.)

and is most likely to know about small

The first is

You are then given your first mission

baubles and trinkets; the Arab knows

where you manage your team. Plan

by Argos. your boss, to discover why

about social and political issues; loca

ning which players to use, checking

an underwater city that needs medi-

tions or sea lore is the captain's spe

stats, and designing strategy are all

JULY/AUGUST '86

semi-finals,

and world cham

G'fSA Basketball is a two-part game.

the "options"

mode,

SILICON VALLEY INSIDER part of this mode. All player skill lev

els, stats, and team standings arc saved to disk.

The "play" mode allows you to de cide if you want to play both players against the computer, have a friend and yourself play against the comput er, or try the practice mode. The ac tion is very fast, and remarkably life like. Check it out.

The hardware 1 want to tell you about is a video digitizer for the Amiga called

Digi-View, from

the

company of the same name. It has unique design:

attaches to

the

Amiga through the parallel port and uses a monochrome video camera to produce cither gray-scale or color im ages. Tile color images are created by using color filters over the lens of the camera,

and

taking

multiple

that connects to the printer port with 7.5kHz resolution. Both can digitize

The Moroccan is a

samples in excess often seconds and

trader, and is most

are priced under S50. The company is

likely to know about

a built-in genlock thai supports low-,

small baubles and

Hold & Modify, an adapter to allow

also producing a video digitizer with

medium-, and high-resolution modes; the use of IBM PC expansion cards on

trinkets; the Arab

the Amiga; and a RAM expansion unit.

Computer Tech is selling a dual

knows about social

IBM disk drive unit for use on the Amiga. They are also selling clip art

and political issues;

disks.

locations or sea lore

is the captains

Sierra On-Line plans to release Winnie the Pooh in the Hundred Acre Wood, King's Quest, King's Quest II:

Romancing the Throne,

specialty.

The- Black

Cauldron, and Donald Duck's t'hiyground on the Amiga.

expo

Electron-General is releasing the sLxth-bit option (luminosity bit), and

Multi-64/12H, an expansion card with

create one color image. The exposure

hard-disk boot option with key disk.

a RS-232C port, real-time clock calen

time is about 10 seconds per image,

Marble Madness. I'inball Construc

dar with battenr back-up, auioboot on

so a color image takes ahout 30 sec

tion set,

star

power up. and terminal program, all

onds. The images arc displayable in

Plight,

and an unnamed baseball

on hum. This is an Industrial-quality

320 X 200, 640 X 200. or 640 X 400

game, all for the Amiga. A Time for

product, suited to process control,

resolution. Gray-scale resolution is 7

Heros by Stewart Smith for the 128.

and also very useful in a BBS setup.

bits, or 128 levels. Color resolution is

And Tim Leary's Miml Miiror for the

21 bits, or 2,097,152 colors, of which

64. Also look for Arctic Fox for the 64

nounced support for the

4,096 can be seen on the screen in

in time for Christmas.

expansion on the

sures. Three exposures are needed to

Hold & Modify mode.

Already released, and very highly

All of ihe image adjustments arc

controlled balance, sharpness

through

Cbossmaster 2000,

software.

brightness,

Color

contrast,

enhancement

128. Their Viza-

write Classic word processor will

recognize a RAM expansion unit and

lions With ti Computer, fromjendny

utilize the extra RAM as text storage

Softwareâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a set of games and conver

space. Soon to be added to Vizawrite

sation for the Amiga written in Amiga-

Classic is a graphics font editor. 'Hiis

BASIC, and shipped with the source

will allow you to create your own

saved as raw data ( 192K) or as modi

code

entertaining,

fonts, display them on screen, dump

fied IFF files (t8K or less). The re

amusing, thought provoking, and just

them to a printer, and save them on

markable thing is the use of the Hold & Modify mode to display the images.

plain fun. If you have any interest in

disk. Also coming is the capability of

programming in BASIC on the Amiga,

"sideways" printing for Vizastar and

I've

seen

pictures

all

by me, is Conrersn-

has an

1750 RAM

Images can be

modified on-scrccn.

can

and

recommended

Solid State Software

created

using

provided.

this is a must-have,

if only for the

Vizawrite,

Solid

State

Software's

Digi-View, and they look like televi

examples. Each program is written in

products support the use of the user

sion. Better in fact. The designer, Tim

modules, and the manual explains the

port :is a printer port. This avoids the

Jenison, explained that using a mon

purpose of each module. The pro

need for a primer interface, and al

ochrome camera allows for the high

grammer, Gil Dodgen, has given his

lows for the Standardization of printer

er resolution of the image. Consumer

permission to use any of his code

drivers in all software, They will be

color cameras use striped image tubes, and some of the image falls be

modules in your own programs.

working with other software manu

tween the stripes, reducing resolu

desktop publishing program for the

tion. Monochrome cameras are avail

Amiga to be ready in the third quarter

able for around S200. and the Digi-

of this year.

VIP Technologies is working on a

facturers to set a standard for confi guring the user port. Also under development from Solid State are versions of the Vizastar

Digital Creations has several cus

spreadsheet/data base and Vizawrite

tom printer drivers for the Amiga, in

for the Amiga. These programs will be

In the "soon to be seen" file is a

cluding drivers for the C Itoh 2-tI.PQ,

able to be co-resident, and will also

whole host of new items. Electronic

IBM Color Printer, image Writer 1 &

allow for several text documents or

Arts

II, and Toshiba P351 & 1350.

multiple spreadsheets to he resident

View will sell for the same price A very impressive piece of hardware.

continues

announce

new

products by the bushel basket: An up

Computer Support Group is sell ing

with print spooling, patterned fills, a

Amigaâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;one thai connects to a mouse

and the Temple OfApshat Trilogy on

lasso

port, with 6kllz resolution, and one

the Amiga. An improved version of

brush,

double-sized

screen,

two audio

digitizers for

the

in memory.

graded Deluxe Paint for the Amiga

Epyx will release

Winter dames

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

SILICON VALLEY INSIDER the Amiga. I'urists take heart.

The World's Greatest Baseball Game

for the 64/128 will also be released. New from Kpyx is the Vorpal Utility

Kit for the 64/128. It includes a disk drive head alignment utility, file re covery utility, fast load utility, ;ind fast format and back-up utilities. Also new

for the 64/128 will be the Movie Monster Game,

an arcade-style ad

GBA Basketball for the 64/128 is very fast

Thai's all for this month. Stay tuned

and remarkably life like.

Manufacturers

role of the movie

A C software development system

monster, a Godzilla-like creature, and

lor the Amiga has been released by

win

Manx Software Systems. Several de

destroying

Tokyo,

London,

velopers 1 have talked to who have

and Paris.

Byte by Byte has released Finan

used

the

productâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;called

Aztec

cial Plus for the Amiga. This is a com

C68K'Amâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;claim it compiles faster,

plete

system

creates smaller code, and runs faster

with general ledger, accounts payable

than any other C system they have

and receivable, payroll, and a word

used tin the Amiga. Meanwhile, Maxi-

processor.

Soft is alive and well. A new version

business

accounting

Activision has purchased Info-

of MaxiComm for the Amiga h:is heen

com. The S7.5 million purchase will

released, and all current

maintain

owners should have received

product

development and

registered their

marketing operations in Cambridge,

upgrade by now. 'Hie new version is

and

V3.0. A new version of MtLxiDesk \S

utilize Activision's

distribution

channels.

also out (VI.3). It contains a notepad,

From KCS, distributed by Adam,

full-function

calculator

(hex

and

Cobb & King, comes the KCS Power

decimal, memory, tape), alarm clock,

Cartridge. Created in Europe, it uses

and appointment calendar (linked to

transparent

the alarm clock with speech).

cartridge technology to

add a host of features to the 64. The cartridge provides a BASIC program ming tool kit with all the standard

MaxiSoI't is also developing several

new products for the Amiga. The first \sMaxiPlan, a spreadsheet with data

additions, plus peeks and pokes to

base and charting functions with '"hot

double bytes, auto hex-to-decimal function inside other commands.

view"

function key

niques to conserve memory when not

definition, trace,

and

uses

capability. The spreadsheet sparce-memory

matrix

tech

PL1ST (LUST). Full wedge-type com

all the cells are used. Charts can be

mands are

saved as llT-compafiblc files.

included, plus disk and

tape turbo commands, and a com plete monitor/assembler. The cartridge

utility

Also close to release from MaxlSoft is a mouse macro product code-

also has a "freeze

memory" back-up

that saves

named MAX. Only 5K in size, it re

the memory of the entire computer

cords mouse movements and saves them as a file that can be played back.

and dumps it to disk as a reloadahlc

This adds macro functions to any oth

program. 'Hie unique feature of this back-up utility is that programs ar

er program. It will have edit and cut-

chived in this fashion will run only if the cartridge is in place. This neatly solves the piracy problem while al

and-pastc capabilities. Finally,

another

as-yet-unnamed

MaxlSoft product, code-named WOW, is a disk-cache program that

lowing users to back up protected

stores in memory the most recently

software. A very nice package, well

used disk files. Think of it as a smart

thought out and quite useful. Computer System Associates re

RAM disk. It watches which files you use most, and stores them in RAM.

cently released a 68020 board for [he

You can set the size of the cache. It

Amiga, it is plug-compatible with the

uses

68000 socket on the Amiga's mother board, and has sockets for the 68881

keep the file in memory updated. If

math co-processor. Talk about turbo: They claim speed improvements of

great for speeding directory calls. And finally, True BASIC, Inc. will

up to 500%.

release a version of True BASIC for

JULY/AUGUST'86

shot computer.

for future developments.

venture where you are the bad guy. You assume the

Postscript: By now you've seen the

Amiga in '"Miami Vice," used as a mug

write-through

technique

you use it for no other puqwsc, it's

Dlgi-Vlew 701 Jackson B3

Topeka, KS 66604 Jen day Software

1'OB 4313 Ciarden Grove, CA 92642 Digital Creations 530 Bercut, Suite F Sacramento, CA 95827

Computer Support Group

2301 205th Street #106 Torranee, CA 90501

Computer Tech 985 W. Foothill Blvd

Clairmont, CA9171I Electron General 17981-GSkypark Circle Irvine, CA 92714 Byte by Byte 3736 Bee Cave Road #3 Austin, TX 78746 Computer System

Associates, Inc.

7564 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 Manx Software Systems I'OB 55

Shrewsbury, Nj 07701 True Basic, Inc. 39 South Main Street Hanover, NH 03755 Adam, Cobb & King, Inc. 655 John Muir Drive E4l 1 San Francisco, CA 94132 MaxiSoft 2817 Sloat Road

Pebble Beach, CA 93953

JIFFIES Typewriter 64 for the Commodore 64

and 1526 Printer Xeoplc often say that necessity is the mother of inven tion. Though it is not my place to debate the profound wisdom of this statement, I have also found necessity to be the source of one big headache when it comes to typing. It was my brother Mark, the real computer whiz,

who posed the question, "Why don't you make that new 1526 printer work like a typewriter/word processor?" Well, here it is! Not only will this program let you use

your Commodore 64 and 1526 printer as a typewriter, but it also does a few neat tricks that will make the old one-shot papcr-slappcr hide in the closet where it be

longs. The theme of this program bears a similarity to one written by Judy Runge in the June/July, 198-t, issue ot Power/Play. It might be fun to compare the two and

then develop your own ideas for writing a program of this nature. Some of the program's features include: • Editing up to an entire line using die INST/DBI. key. • Manual or automatic carriage return in case you forget.

• Printing of characters that are available using the Commodore key. • Holding characters entered during a RETURN and entering them on the next line. • Printing in reverse type.

We practical application of this program is obvious, but it also

has room for some imaginative modification

When you run the program, a column guide will appear at the top of the screen along with a new cursor.

SHFT

E,SHFT

W,SHFT

R,SHFT

Whenever RKTURN is pressed, the typed line is sent to

SHFT

T,SHFT

E,SHFT

the printer and a new line is started. If allowed to perform an automatic RETURN, the screen will display

"'FSJH

120

two lines (which equal one line on the printer) before it dumps to the printer and skips to start a new line. This

allows you to keep track of the actual line length. If you make a mistake, you can erase using the INST/ DEI. key as far back as the beginning of the line, if necessary. Hitting a CTRL-C at any time will exit the program.

If you have a Commodore 1525 printer, you may have to make this change: 100 OPEN 1,4,8. The practical application of this program is obvious,

but it also has room for some imaginative modification. For example, try adding the necessary lines to make it print your own personalized heading at the top of each new page. I've seen some expensive typing/word pro

cessing programs that are really neat, but I think it's less expensive and more fun to create your own!

130

P.O. Bos 30007, ShiCRpoff, IA 71130-0007.1-800-831-2694.

Typewriter 64 100

OPEN

110

GET CS:IF

150

160 170

IF C$=CHRS(13)THEN GOTO 250'FJFF IF ASC(C$)<>20 THEN PRINT C$; :SS=SS+C$:GOTO 190'JUXL

180

190

'FLTI IF LEN(S$)>78

GOTO

(PEEK{211))>0

:GOTO

140'EIED

230'EINE

THEN

PRINT C$;

C$=M"

250'GMEK

200 210

IF IF

220

GOTO

LEN(S$)=0 THEN 220'EIAA ASC(CS)=20 THEN SS=MID$(S$,1,

230

240

CHRS(142)'PRFF END'BACA

250

(LEN(S$)-l))'IWQG

260

130'BDDY

1:PRINT

CHR$(147);CHR$(9);

";C5;:PRINTttl,SS

Y,SHFT

PEEK(214)>23

CHR$(147):GOTO

CHR$(147);CHR5(14);CHR$(8); T,SHFT

C$=""

C5=CHR$(3)GOTO

:S$=""'DMIF

1,4,7'BFVV

TAB(13)"[RVS,SHFT

PRINT" [RVS] 10 20. . 30 4 0 [RVOFF] " "BAAF PRINT CHRS(126);:IF (PEEK(211))>0 THEN POKE 211,(PEEK(211)-1)'JCTI

140

Hcfuri- typinn tliLs program, rcjd "How lo iinlfr Programs" and "How to V.K Ihc Magazine

pjilry Pragma" Tilt BASIC programs in this iMgKine at available on disk from Loaikur,

64[RVOFF]

270

GOTO

130'BDDE

THEN

110'HQWJ END COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

JIFFIES

liV HOOEH S MACOMBER

Self-Replication for the Commodore 64 The Dramatic Effect of Machine Language the

single

most

Important characteristic

by all life forms is the ability to reproduce. Over the past Century, biologists and zoologists have studied self-re plication at the level of cell division. And over the lust 30 years, chemists and biochemists have struggled to understand cell division at the molecular level. Although scientists now know a great deal about the

physical and chemical processes involved in reproduc tion, there remains much to be discovered. For example, why do most cells divide in a regular, predictable way, while others (cancer cells) duplicate themselves in an uncontrolled and undiffcrentiated way? Even theoretical mathematicians have played a significant role in this area of research by developing Idealized mathematical mod els of self-replication to compare with experimental

observations. An excellent article on this subject can be found ki Scientific American, Vol. 248, page 11 (1983).

The program described below demonstrates a rela tively simple approach to graphical self-replication. This

system was first described by Edward Fredkln of MIT. He found (hat an) image represented on a grid by a combi nation of filled squares and empty squares could be

made to undergo four-fold reproduction by a Simple rule involving the grid blocks directly above, below,

This system was first described by Edward Fredkin ofMIT, who devised a mathematical model

for graphical self-replication.

right and left of the block of interest. Thus, as a new generation is produced, each grid block becomes filled

if it were previously surrounded by an odd number (one or three) of filled blocks, or it will be left empty if it were previously surrounded by an even number (zero, two, or lour) of filled blocks. Let's see how this works.

Repro-Slow

during the manipulations to get the new generation. We'll use locations 9176 to 10279, which are well above the BASIC program itself. Line

10 sets up some parameters, and puts a "I"

(white) in each location of screen color memory (loca

tions 55296 to 56.119). Line 15 clears the working mem

Begin by typing in the first program (RBPRO-SLOW) shown below. After saving it, run the program. An image resembling a sideways T appears after a few seconds. Then, after about 30 seconds, the original image is slow

ory; screen memory was cleared by the CLEAR/HOME

ly replaced by a second image (or generation), through

working memory. Line 25 pokes the images from work

application of l;redkin's rule. This is followed by a third

ing memory into screen memory, block by block. The

instruction in line 10. Line 20 pokes the original image into working memory. You can change this to any image you want by poking a "t" in the appropriate location of

generation, ihen a fourth generation, each of which

+ 96 converts a "0" in working memory to an empty

appears more complex than the last but retains the

space on the screen (screen character 96), while a "1" is

bilateral symmetry of the original image. Finally, the fifth generation results in a completed fourfold reproduc

converted to a vertical bar (screen character 97). Lines 35 and 40 constitute Fiedkin's rule. For each

tion. Four new images, each Identical to the original, appear above, below, to the righl and left of where the

location in working memory, its neighbors above, be

original image once resided.

Tile "AND 1" decides if the sum is odd or even, and

The process continues, albeit slowly, as long as the program runs. The thirteenth generation has 16 identi cal images, though not all lit on the screen. Here is how the program works. A little thought will convince you that we need two areas of memory: the

screen memory (locations 102-i to 10-il) to show the 62

current generation, and a comparably large block to use

JULY/AUGUST'86

low, to the left and right (all "l"'sor "0"'s)arc summed. pokes the appropriate result into screen memory. Final

ly, in line 45 the new screen image is copied back into working memory, and the program returns (line 50) to calculate the next generation.

The only problem is that the various FOR-NEXT loops (lines 10, 15, 25, 35-4(1, and 45) each require several

COMMODORE

JIFFIES/SELF REPLICATION

PERSONAL

Even theoretical mathematicians

COMPUTER

have played a significant role in

*259

this area of research by developing idealized

COMMODORE

mathematical models of selfreplication to compare with

1571 DISKDRIVE

experimental observations.

$239

seconds to execute in BASIC, so each new generation takes nearly n minute to complete. Isn't there a faster way?

A Faster Way As you may be aware, machine language is the lowest

1902 MONITOR

1670 MODEM

level computer language. Because the computer doesn't

first have to translate the instructions (as it would in the case of a BASIC program), the execution of machine code is over a hundred times faster than execution of a similar BASIC instruction. The disadvantage of machinelanguage programming is that operations must be

broken down into their most simple and fundamental steps. Thus, typical machine-language programs usually appear much longer than comparable BASIC programs. Begin by typing in the program titled RKl'ROFAST at

$159

S289

the end of this article. This program is written in BASIC. but is actually what is called a "BASIC loader " It gives

the computer instructions for loading machine code, so

CALL FOR SUPER PACKAGE PRICES

what you end up with when you rim this program is a machine-language program.

Now, try running this version of the program. The sideways "T" appears immediately. Then, each time you press any key, a new generation appears instantly. No

1350 MOUSE ONLY S4295

longer must you wait a minute or so for each generation (unless you wish to do so).

EST. 1982

Hie generation time is

determined only by how fast you can hit a key. Now, go forth and multiply. Roger Macomber is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Cincinnati

BdbK typiilE this pmpani. rraii "How lo Enlcr Progiamj" and "How W Use the Magazine

lintry Program." Ihc BASIC profcfjim In [his nuR^inc air available un ttt from Loadstar,

P.O. Box .WXF.Shrrviport, [ATI 13M007, ]-8«Wl-26W. REPRO-SLOW

PRINT"[CLEAR]": S°1024: M=9216 : C=55296: FOR 1=0 TO 1023 : POKE C+I,l: NEXT'KHGK

FOR

POKE M+418,1: POKE M+458,1 : POKE M+498,1: POKE M+459,1

: 25

9176

10279

POKE

1,0

NEXT'FPSI

POKE

FOR

PEEK(M+I)+96

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the best pro—anytime you desire for as long as you wish—and at no extra cost. The Bodylink System provides instantaneous feedback on the exact manner in which your muscles are performing, enabling you to correct your swing or refine your pitch while still in motion. Bodylink allows a true two-way conversation between you and your body, giving you the winning edge. MUSCLE COORDINATION PACKAGE

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AUTHORIZED SOFTWARE FOR COMMODORE 64

AND 128

AMIGA

Two new terminal software packages for the Amiga span

TERMINAL SOFTWARE

the range of user needsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;from basic to extremely

complex

BY LOUIS R. WALLACE Many people use their Ami-

gas to communicate with other computers over the telephone, a task which is known as telecomputing or telecom

menu has several options, some of

coming in faster than it can be written

which have their own submenus.

to disk, you may well lose some infor

I'or instance, the SERIAL menu al

lows you to set your baud rate, data

mation. In cases where data integrity is es

sential, you will most likely want to

munications. Telecommunications

bits, stop bits, parity and handshaking. (If you don't know what these are,

with a personal computer requires

don't worry about it. All you need to

the user's computer to act as a termi

ceive large files without errors. XMO

do is find out what settings for each of

DEM will work only when the other

nal. To achieve that, we rely on a

these items are required by the sys

use XMODEM, which can send or re

special form of software called a ter

tem you wish to talk to, set the menu

minal emulator. There are presently

system also supports it, but it is one of the more common transfer protocols

options and forget about them.) As I

used today. MaxiComm also has a

two major commercial packages

mentioned before, 300 to 2400 baud

available for the Amiga, with more in

special form

will suffice for most people, but if you

development. The two that we looked at are MaxiComm from MaxiCorp, and ONLINE! from MicroSystems Software.

protocol for use between two Amigas

are connected directly to another

equipped with MaxiComm. It creates

computer via a special

the icon s necessary for the file to be

MaxiComm MaxiComm is one of several prod

cable (not

through the phone), 9600 baud will allow you to transfer data at incredi

of XMODEM

transfer

used from Workbench. You can create special text files

ble speeds. The TERMINAL menu otfers you

called script files, which can be used

additional options that concern the

matically perform a task without your

to make the terminal program auto

ucts offered by MaxiCorp of Pebble

format of the data being sent. You can

Beach, California. It is a fairly well

send or receive with or without line

equipped terminal emulator, which

feeds or carriage returns, accept or

can be configured in a variety of dif

ignore labs, or change your duplex

ferent ways. It allows you to commu

from full to half. This is important

nicate at 300 to 9600 baud ("baud'1

because [he characteristics of the sys

refers to the number of signals per

function keys and die calculator keys

tems you

are communicating with

second), diough most people will not

for your own specific uses. That way,

will differ from one to another, and

require more

frequently used commands can be

you will find it necessary to alter these settings for each type of system.

sent with one key press.

than

1200- or

2400-

baud speeds. 1 used it at 1200 baud with no problems.

The TRANSFER menu is used for

intervention. For example, you could use script files to automatically log on to an information system like Quantuml.ink or CompuServe. It also al

lows you to easily program the ten

MaxiComm

copy protected,

which means you cannot make back

MaxiComm is controlled by a se ries of pop-down menus, using a

(upload/download).

ups of the program. (Copy protection

MaxiComm allows both straight text

mouse to make menu selections (the

capture to a file buffer, and error-free

function keys can also be used to

is meant to protect the company from loss of profits caused by software pi

file transfers via a special protocol

file

transfers

called XMODEM. Its capture buffer

menus, titled PROJECT, PHONE, SER

racy.) It also means you cannot trans fer it to your hard drive, though it can

allows only 4K (4,000 bytes), not a

save the data it collects to the hard

IAL, TERMINAL and TRANSFER. Each

very large capacity, so if your data is

drive.

make selections). There are five

JULWAUGUST'86

<-â&#x2013; *

MaxiComm comes equipped with

twenty special commands. This gives

Another very valuable support fea

you the power to create very com

ture is the use of seven separate trans

number of actual online transcripts OS

plex script files for automatic ses

lation tables that are user-modifiable.

examples. It is a good product for

sions, which

These allow you to customize the AS

those people who need reliable, but

branching

not too extensive telecommunication

script receives from the host. For in

software. It retails for $49.95.

stance, the files can be programmed

er, keyboard, to and from the capture

to wait until a specified time before

buffer, and to and from die COM port

starting a process, which is very use

(communication port). Sometimes a

ful on crowded systems where the

system will require a particular con

minal program for the Amiga. It also

middle of the night is the best time to

figuration, which you can set up, save

makes

try getting on. Just create a script file

and use over and over. This requires a

with the command WAIT.

good understanding of ASCII and is

a good

manual, which

includes

ONLINE! ONLINE! is a professional-level ter

good

use

of pop-down

menusâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;eight of them, to be exact. It

can include decision

based

the

input

the

CII translation to and from all system devices, including the display, print

a special

one area not extensively covered in

range of powerful options, while re

mode available called "learn." Learn

what is otherwise a very good manual

maining easy to use.

mode allows you to store selected

This package has a much wider range of capabilities than commercial

prompts and your replies to create a

(over 100 pages long). ONLINE! is not copy protected.

script of the session. You can then use

This means you can easily make a

terminal packages, regardless of com

this as a script file to log on later. Along with standard XMODEM

will copy to and run fine from a hard

VTIOO, VT52, ANSI and TTY. With

transfer protocol, ONLINE! also sup

drive. Micro-Systems Software is to be

[he exception of 132-column mode

ports XMODEM/CRC, HVP (Hayes

praised for not copy protecting the

and smooth scrolling, the emulations

Verification Protocol, which is Smart-

software, and even going a step fur

seemed to be quite complete. 1 used

Comm compatible), and CompuServe

ther in user support by offering up

it for full-screen editing as a VT100

II protocol. And, as mentioned, you

with our university's VAX system.

can download your text to variable-

dates to registered owners by direct downloading to your computer. The

offers the professional user a wide

puter

type.

It emulates VTI02,

The program

also has

backup for your protection, and

sized buffers from a few K to hun

only charge for now is that of the

ent error-free file-transfer protocols,

dreds of K (of you have that much

phone call. And since they continue

and a variable-capacity

memory). The only other two file-

to improve their software, this is an

(the default is 64K, but can be in

transfer protocols I would have liked

important consideration.

creased). And it supports transmission

to have seen added

are PUNTER,

All in all, ONUNE! is one of the

rates of 300

common to Commodore computers,

very best terminal emulators 1 have

and KliKMIT, which is used by many

worked with. Its features are exten

university systems and other institu

sive and powerful yet aimed at mak

The software supports four differ

to 9600,

text

buffer

though

checked it at only 300 and 1200. ONUNE! also allows you to pro

gram the function keys, but there is

tions. The default text-buffer size is

ing your time spent more efficiently.

no provision for defining other keys.

64K. Text can also be sent to the

In addition, you can create script files,

printer, either from the capture buffer

packed professional communication

using an extensive language of over

or real time, while it is arriving.

system.

S69.95

represents a

valuea

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

mEMXtitlltllltlh

j Seleo t No * , Dwati

Music Studio Music Composition for the Amiga

4- | I

' ■ ■ ■»-? 9

BY MATTHEW LEEDS

Software is often a lot like literature—created by one party and published by another. Yet when it comes to literature, we rarely remember the publish

er's name, although most of us can rattle off a list of the

authors of our favorite book& I've noticed, however, that in software it's just the opposite. We tend to know the publisher's name much more often than the name of the person or persons who created the software.

Take, for instance, a new music package for the Amiga titled T/je Music Sttulio, just released by Activision. All that most people would ever know alxn.it the origin of that product is that Activision is marketing it

The whole truth is, however, that this very soplaisticated music-composition program was created by a small

Create professionalquality, 16-instrument musical compositions on your Amiga with this brand new product from Activision

software-design company in Berkeley, California, called Audio Light So, before we tilk about die product, let's

ment company started by Rick Pjirtitt in 1983. Rick

take a brief look at its creators.

received his Ph.D. in speech recognition, but had al

The Creators

Audio light is an independent software develop68

JULY/AUGUST'86

ways had an interest in computers, so he bought one of

the first home computers, an Altair, to teach himself programming. While still in schixil, Rick met George

â&#x2013; us ic

sfuaio

Add Note ^SOUND

Files

[Print

Sons

Quit

VIVACE

White, co-founder of Koala Technologies. George

jects for Audio light: the conversion of Dancing Bear

asked Rick to design some applications for a new

to the 64, and the production of Paint-A-Rhyme, a

product he was working on, the KoalaPad touch tablet.

Mother Goose coloring book wilh music for the 64.

Rick contacted a friend, Greg Hospelhom, ;uid they started work.

The first program produced lor Koala by Audio Light

in 1984, at the Coasumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Audio light signed a contract with Activision to

produce '/be Music Studio for the 64. That program's

was Dancing Bear for the VIC 20, an innovative piece

Success prompted Activision to commission the port

of programming based on an animated hear. It allowed

ing of The Music Studio to other madiines, including

you to choreograph dance .steps, add backgrounds and

the Amiga.

music, and design stage settings.

By the time Dancing Bear was finished, the Com modore 64 had been released and was beginning to

A Professional-Quality Tool The Amiga version of the program is a professional-

sell well. Koala had contracted with an independent

quality

programming company to produce a paint program tor

songs and sounds. With it you can compose, edit, play,

the KcKilaPad tablet and the 64, but delivery was slow

and save music and lyrics. You can also edit existing

in coming. Audio light was called in, and the Koala-

instruments and songs, or create your own using the

Painter software was written in six weeks. The combi

studio iastniment-design section. With a compatible

nation of the KoalaPad tablet and KoalaPtwiter soft

MIDI interface and iMIDI instruments, you can control

ware was a best-seller from the start.

keyboards, drum machines, and synthesizers.

The success of the Koala project led to other pro

music-composition tool

for the creation of

TheMusicStudio is a great deal of fun to use. I'm not COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

Music Studio VIVACE -

J:i68

ats1edan.sons

" Jjal lart . sons loebop .sons

The creators of The Music

jbossa.sons

■Di>anden . song

ir'il vi'^o . Wltff

■■■■■I

icanon . sons

lcanon2 ■ sona

Save

Load

Renane Delete

Done

a professional musician, but it didn't take me long to begin creating my own music. Hie most interesting

Studio also designed the popular KoalaPainter

software for Koala Technologies. you're back in the main composing section. From here you can enter die MIDI parameters sec

section for me was die Design Instrument section. I

tion. If you have a midi Interface and midi Instrument

spent hours tweaking harmonics and durations, ampli

connected to die Amiga, here is where you will set all

tudes and sustains, listening to the differences small

die controls for it MIDI has 16 elianncls, and diere are

changes made, and learning quite a bit about sound

16 instrument names available in die MIDI parameter

theory in the process. The user interface ;ind graphics

section. You can change die name of any instrument,

are very well thought out, and make using The Music

assign it to any MIDI channel, select any of 80 presets

Studio a joy and not a chore.

on your MIDI instrument, and set die endpoints of a

Once you've designed an instrument, it's time to test

five-octave range for each instrument. If you don't like

it out. Clicking on die test lx)x recalculates the sound

the changes you've made, you can click on the undo

data for your instrument and plays it on a rising and

box. Once you are satisfied widi die settings, you can

felling scale. You can select the type of note played

return to the main composing section and save die

(whole to 30-second), or try die instrument out on a

MIDI settings in a file.

preselected score. If you don't like what you heir, you

Can keep adjusting, or just click on die undo box to get your original Instrument back. If you like the results,

Music Paintbox for Beginners If all of diis seems too complicated for you to start

you can save your current song widi die new instru

widi, a good place to begin using The Music Studio is

ment, or save just the new Instruments in a sound file.

in die Music Paintbox. You don't need to worry about

When you're all done, just click on die done box and

rests or sliarps, ties or quarter notes. Here you can

JULY/AUGUST'86

Des ign

Ins trunen t : Trunpe t

The program is a great deal offun to use. It didn't take me long to begin creating my own music.

create music by "painting" it on a staff. Each instrument

This can sometimes take a few seconds. Currently

is represented by a different colored box, and five

there is no support for sampled sounds, and no MIDI-in

different sized rectangles represent notes from a whole

option. Audio Light lias plaas to add these features to

note to a sixteenth note. You use the cursor to paint

an enhanced version of the program, along with im

notes on the sttiff, moving the cursor across the staff,

proved editing functions, but it's Jar too early to be

and clicking wherever you want to place a note. You

talking about upgrades.

can edit notes or change the instrument. When you exit the Music Paintbox, your composition will be converted into standard musical notation. You may

Changing Parameters On to die tools. The sound envelope graph lias

then save it in a file if you wish. Also, compositions

seven colored lines along the horizontal axis, repre

created in the main composing section will be convert

senting die seven liannonics, :ind six black lines along

ed to Paintbox compositions if they are already loaded

die vertical axis, representing the six time segments

into memory when you enter the Music Paintbox.

available. You can use the cursor to pick up and move

The last section to note (no pun intended) is the

any of these lines. The total amount of time available

FII.ES section. I'rom here you can load or save song or

for a single note is just under six seconds, and there is a

sound files, and append, delete, or rename files. The

readout for the time in which each segment occurs.

song and sound file directories can also be examined.

The height of each colored line represents its relative

Each instrument's sound is created by a complex set

amplitude. There is also a scale that displays the nu

of mathematical algorithms, and any changes to the

meric value for each liarmonic's amplitude in each

parameters requires a recalculation of the new sound.

time segment.

^ COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

■s-

Biofeedback Comes Home With Bodylink BY DAN GUTMAN

re put syndicated computer columnist

black box gizmo of the Eighties?

Dan Qutman on a train to Mi Kisco,

In the Sixties, dni£p promised salvation, happiness

Flew York, to get the scoop on an exciting

and bliss. It was a sh;un. In the Seventies, everyone

new peripheral for Commodore computers.

thought Transcendental Meditation would !»■ the ulti

Here's his report

mate high. It turned out to Ix- a fake. Now it's die

Veins are popping out of my neck My biceps feel like I'vejttst gone 15 munds with Rocky Hatboa The

Eighties and we know what realty delivers true Uto pia—computerized biofeedback.

steel spring I'm pressing against never gets tired Keep

Maylx". Million-dollar biofeedback machines have

pressing! The only thing I care about in the world is

been lurking in labs and hospitals lor 30 years. Now

nuiking this helicopter stay at tlw top of the screen

you can stick one in your rec nxwn for a little over a

. . . and avoiding the cloud, the buildings, and the

hundred bucks. Bodylink is coming out soon lor all

plane flying by.

home computers. 'Hie Commodore version was re

'ITiis is no ordinary computer fsimc. I'm strapped on

leased first because of its graphics, sound, and five

to Bodylog's new Itodylink1", the multi-purpose pe

ripheral sensation that blew everyone ;iway at the Consumer Electronics Show in January. Bodylink plugs

into the cartridge slot of the Commodore 64/128 and turns your computer into an exercise machine, stress

reduction device, and all-purpose, at-home, persona] computerized biofeedback loop. Is this the ultimate

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

million users worldwide. If bjgfeedback is Greek to you, here's the scoop—

your body is pumping out invisible signals 24 hours a

Now its the Eighties and we

day. Your heart is beating, your blood pressure Is puls

know what really delivers

ing, your temperature is going up and down, your

true Utopia—computerized

muscles are firing, you're sweating. You're not even

biofeedback*

aware of it Talk about body language! As Bodylog president Jerald Greenberg puts it, "The whole body is

the spinning wheel and a clip-on sensor booked to my

a walking transmitter."

earlobe to measure pulse rate On-screen is the scene

Now, these signals aren't just random events. Every

insute a bottling plant The faster I pedal the faster

thing means something When you're under pressure,

the assembly tine moves. The faster my heart beats,

your heart will beat fester, you'll sweat more and

thefaster the bottles getfilled. I'm pumping the pedals,

breathe foster. When you're relaxed, everything slows

racing to keep the bottles from overflowing Whoever

down. The idea of biofeedback is tliat ifyou can watch

said, "No [xfin, no gain"should be shot

these txxty signals on a screen as they're Ixqipenmg,

We live in a health-obsessed society, but when we

you can actually control them. This isn't voodoo, it's

work out, we dont know precisely how hard we're

science. If you can see a blip on a screen representing

exercising or how hard we should be exercising. Bo

your tension level, you can lower it—at will.

dylink monitors your heart rate while you, for instance,

Basically, Bodylink transforms the signals from inside

ride an exercycle. Depending on your age, sex, and

your ixKty into something your computer understands

fitness level, it determines the heart rate you need to

(digital information), and your computer then trans

sustain for maximum aerobic gain. At the end of a

forms them into something you can understand

session, the computer tells you exactly how many

(graphics and sound).

calories you burned.

This isn't die first attempt at homebrewed biofeed

It's simple—if the milk bottles overflow, I'm not

hyped products—Synapse's Relax and

peddling liard enough. If die bottles arent getting filled,

Auiri's unreleased MindLink—never made it. Bodylink

I'm peddling too hard. The computer motivates you to

may bomb out, too. The difference is that the other

work harder if your heart isnt beating fast enough, and

products had just one purpose, Uodylink has many.

helps you slow down if you're pushing yourself.

back.

Other

In other words, when die factory is running well, so is your aorta "In effect, your heart rate runs the game," claims Greenberg.

The folks at Bodylog have cleverly taken a simple

home computer and—for the first time, as far as we know—turned it into a sophisticated exercise ma chine. Aerobics is only part of it. You can also use your 64 for muscle training At the beginning of this article, 1 was straining to keep a helicopter aloft by pushing on a

metal-spring device plugged into the computer. This add-on looks somediing like those "Bullworkers" you see advertised in healdi and fitness magazines. Bodylog calls theirs COMET" (Computerized Muscle F-xerclser

Feeling Strong Now They call it "The Aerobic Factory." They've got me on an exervise bike, with one photo-optic sensor on 74

JULY/AUGUST'S6

and Trainer).

The harder I pushed, the higher the on-screen heli copter flew. It was a simple isometric exercise, except

that I was getting feedback from my muscles. If you

esting than lifting weights, and it's a lot cheaper than

don't push (or pull) hard enough, the helicopter crash

joining a health club.

es. With the COMET-to-Bodylink-to-Commodore com

bination, you can develop and tone the muscle groups of your stomach, chest, legs and arms. It's more inter

Put Me In, Coach

"I'm sure you've spent a lot of time coordinating COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

your eyebrows and your wrist," jokes Uodyiog VP Frank Avellanet as be straps one electrode to my arm and another around my forehead I look like some

thing out of an early Woody Allen movie. I ask for a joystick, instead, and be says, Thejoystick is you." When I close my fist, the cursor moves to tfx right When I move my forehead muscles, the cursor moves

up. They've got a game rigged up in which you have to move the cursor around the screen to retrieve four colored halls and deposit them in the docking area in the middle The world record is 17 seconds. No joy stick—-you use your eyebrows and wrist You look like Groucho Marx directing a car into a parking space

Muscle coordination is the key to success in nearly every sport Dozens of books liave been written on the perfect golf swing, the perfect tennis stroke, and the perfect baseball swing. Great athletes have the ability to

coordinate their muscles in ways the rest of us can'L Muscle coordination is something we rarely practice,

hut can easily improve. Say Dave Winfield is at the plate with two strikes and

he's guessing fastball. The pitch comes in and he sees the ball breaking over the outside comer. 'Hie great hitter can make tliat instantaneously slight correction in his swing to hit or foul off a pitch. Winfield is a great hitter. Now imagine you're holding a bat, tennis racquet, or

golf club and you've got Bodylink electrodes attached to your wrist. As you're making your swing, the com

puter can tell you—in real time—whether or not you're doing it correctly. It can tell you if you're break ing your wrists too quickly or swinging tcx> late. This instantaneous feedback can help you make that slight correction just like Winfield makes when the pitch is

coming in. For people who dont liave Dave Winfield's instincts and reflexes, such information can help them improve their game.

Chilling Out

Learning to ctxjrdinate forehead and wrist muscles

They call this game "Egg Roll" A chicken is at the

may seem silly, but they show what can be done,

top of the screen, laying eggs tlxit roll down a ramp.

ilodylink probes can be attached to any two muscle

There are holes in the ram/). When I clench my teeth,

groups at the same time. The Bodylog people chal

the top holes are filled in. When I relax them, the

lenged me to a game called 3 Dee Q Bee, sort of a cross

bottom holes are filled in If I do it right, the eggs

between Marble Madness and Q'Beri Imagine playing

become chickens. If I don't, they splat on the floor.

that with your forehead

While I'm trying to do this, Top Goes the Weasel" is

JULY/AUGUST'86

sensor strapped to your forehead can register muscle tension. As you relax the muscles, the line on the

screen dips down. The average healthy person may have no need for

these relaxation techniques, but they may cause a revolution in the medical world. People who suffer

from high blood pressure, hypertension, migraine headaches, neuromuscular diseases, and even strokes can use the computer to help themselves at home. In tact, Bodylog thinks one of the biggest markets for Bodylink will be doctors and [hell patients. The reason Bodylink may be such a valuable medical

tool has a lot to do with the low price of the Commo

dore 64/128. Million-dollar biofeedback machines couldnt do much for patients beCKUSC they could only

„

be used at the doctor's office. Thai's kind of like trying

■■#*

to learn to play the piano when you can only practice

at your teacher's house once a week. But now, for a few hundred dollars (you don't even need a disk drive

unless you save your data), a patient can do his or her biofeedback exercises any time they want at home And when you're done lowering your heart rate, you

can pop in a computer music program and learn to play piano if you want to. So here we've got this peripheral tliat can \x used to build your muscles, give you an aerobic workout, im

prove your coordination, reduce your stress level, and have some fun, too. It really makes you wonder how long people will continue asking that stupid question,

"What can I do with a home computer?" They hand me a temperature probe tix size of a matebstick and tell me to hold it lightly between my thumb and first finger The line on the screen repre

sents my temperature. The higher my skin tempera ture, the lower my tension. I take a few deep breaths, mentally relax and the line rises slightly. I relax more

and the line rises higher. Hey, this feels pretty good! Fm starting to really get into it when a voice tells

playing through the sjKaker Stress us the disease of the decade. Do any of these

words raise your blood pressure: MONEY...BOSS ...NUCLEAR... CRIME... BO

DEREK. ..DON

me, "Ifyou can get it up to here, you'll feel like you're in Nirvana "

Who knows how else we can use Bodylink?

JOHNSON? You're perfectly normal. Probably the most

(The basic Bodylink package sells for $139.95, and

common application of biofeedback is to reduce stress.

add-ons are extra. If you're a programmer, Bodylog is actively seeking developers lo create new products

Most people can pretty easily manipulate their heart rate if they're watching it on a screen. With Bodylink, a

for the system. For more information contact Bodylog at 34 Maple Avenue, Armonk, New York 10504.) COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

HOW TO A HIGHER a

THE COMMODORE 128. The first step is buying the Commodore 128™ Personal Com puter. The smartest computer

available for the price. It's like get ting three computers for less than one usually costs, because the

128 operates in three separate modes. You can run sophisticated CP//vT business software and the new programs written for the 128.

Plus over 3,000 Commodore 64® programs. You start out with

THE COMMODORE 128 WORKS FASTER. To run all that software and run it faster, you'll wan! the 1571 Disk

THE COMMODORE 128 GETS SMARTER.

Now try improving your memory.

Drive. You can't find a faster drive

Plug in our 1750 RAM Expansion Module and your 128 moves up

at the price. It transfers nearly 1,000 words a second (5200 cps), so you can load most programs instantly. And you'll save space as well as time because the 1571 holds up to 410K of data, the equi valent of 200 typewritten pages.

to a powerful 512K. That's enough to handle just about anything you can dish out, from complicated business forecasting to giant data bases, in fact our expansion mod ule will be the only memory you'll need for many years to come.

more software and real life uses

than most machines give you after years on the market.

®CP/m is □ registered trademoifc of Digital Reiearch, Inc.

EVOLVE

NTELUGENCE. THE COMMODORE 128

LEARNS TO COMMUNICATE. There's no reol intelligence without Ihe ability to communicole. So you'll want our ]670 Modem/1200. Just plug in your telephone jack and the modem automatically answers, dials and selects the appropriate mode. It puts you In

touch with a new world of shop ping, banking, communications and information over your tele phone line. And it operates at a lightning-fast 1200 baud to save on your telephone bill.

THE COMMODORE 128 LEARNS TO WRITE. Looking good in print could be

your next move with Ihe MPS I000

THE COMMODORE 128

IMPROVES YOUR VISION.

Brains aren't enough without good

looks, so improve your vision with

Printer. It's a new dot matrix printer designed to make the most

Commodore's new 1902 RGB Color

of the 128's high-resolution graph

screen gives you a sharper image and better color than your stand ard TV so you can really appre ciate the I28's great graphics. And the 80-column display lets you

ics because sometimes pictures speak louder than words. But it's no slouch when it comes to words. The MPS turns out about 1200 words a minute (100 cps) of draftquality printing, or gives you nearlefler-quality printing at nearly

Monitor. The high-resolution

see more of what you're doing while you're doing it.

240 words a minute (20 cps). And you can choose printing styles, use international characters, even make up your own symbols.

All these evolutionary steps ahead won't set you back when it comes to paying for them. Additions to your Commodore 128 are

available at a store near you and are as affordable as the 128 itself. We think that's a smart way to help you build a computer system.

COMMODORE 128s PERSONAL COMPUTER A Higher Intelligence

Now there's no holding you back to looking, feeling and per forming your best! No matter what your sport—or how fit you are now—SUPERFIT can help you enjoy all the benefits of a healthier, stronger body. With each issue, you'll learn from the experts—like Car! Lewis. Dave Scott, Steve Carlton, and Bill Rodgers. You'll see how they train their bodies and their minds for top performance. You'll discover ways to gain the technical edge—with new

product reports and the latest on performance research. And you'll see how to feel great and stay healthy with break throughs in injury prevention . . . sports medi cine . . . diet and nutrition . . . self-care techniques . . . and more. Read super articles like these . . .

Building Your Stamina with "Warrioroebics" Back Talk: How to Avoid the Pain and Frustration of Back Pain The New Energy Enhancers—The Key to Better Performance Could Be in Your Kitchen Cupboard How to Rate Your Sports Diet Training Smarter (Not Harder) for Better Performance Which Sports Drinks Work Best?

Superfabrics for All Kinds of Weather How to Fit Triathalon Training into a 9 to 5 Work Schedule Mental Strategies for the Winning Edge And More! Make fitness a better part of your life . . . with SUPERFIT. Subscribe today!

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LAW

I1Y HEiHIll-RTSVt'ARTZ

The Case for Renting

Software An attorney presents his view of why software should be available for rental. When the 100th Congress con

venes come January, I9K7, the issue Of renting software will again he on the agenda—and this time In B more expanded form than ever before. At issue are four questions: sional challenges to the shrinkwrap

1. Is renting software legal? (Yes.) 2. Is renting software legal the way

software is currently (Probably not.)

marketed?

3- Is there a case for prohibiting soft ware rental by law? (Definitely.) 4. Is there a ease for renting software as a matter of polity? (Very defi

nitely.)

'Hie story begins with passage of the Copyright Aet of 1986. Section 109,

the

so-called

"first-sale"

doc

trine, permits renting of all Intellectu al property:".. .(T)he owner of a par ticular copy...lawfully

made under

this title...is entitled, without the au

license has ever made it to the court

In the 98th Congress,

84), bills were introduced to take the

to ban the renting of

out

renting of both records and software from

under the jurisdiction of

section 109 of the Copyright Act. Re

both records and

cord manufacturers proved clout,

software Record

and

records

were

their

removed.

Software w;ls not.

renting was banned

The software companies did not reintroduce the bill in the 99th Con

Software renting was

gress, for good reason. Congress had

not

sessment (OTA) to study various

asked the Office of Technology As copyright issues and report back by December

or otherwise dispose of the posses ages. This license usually states that

Then, in the 98th Congress (19»3-

bills were introduced

thority Of the copyright owner, to sell sion of that copy

room.

1985. The manufacturers

were waiting for the report, hoping

Translating the legalese—if a per

the buyer, upon opening the package,

the OTA would suggest banning rent

son owns a copy of a book, record,

becomes a licensee (not an owner),

als.

VidcocaSSCtte,

or software program,

which means, among other things,

he can "dispose" of it: He can rent.

that they have no rights under section

without any report, the manufactur

109. Specifically,

ers, led by the Association of Data

Under

this

section,

for

example,

for our

purposes

When December came and went

bookstores and video stores rent. Re

here, this means they cannot dispose

Processing

cord stores used lo be able to. but no

of the product by selling, lending—or

(ADAPSO), decided not to present the

Service

Organizations

more, for in October, 1984, Congress

renting—it.

bill to the second session of Congress,

amended section 109 to exclude re

The software manufacturers' main

either, still hoping for a suggested ban

cord renting for "commercial advan

reason for taking this approach can be

from the OTA. which would vastly

tage." To circumvent the rights granted

summed up in one phrase: fear of pi

improve their chances of getting the

racy. Using this argument, they have

bill through.

to "owners" by section

been

109 of the

unusually

successful,

even

At press time, the OTA report was

though many lawyers believe the soft

still not released, bul

facturers have taken a different tack.

ware retail transaction is not a license

gone public on one point: It will not

Software, they say, is not sold to a

but a sale, and that, therefore, section

make

user; it is licensed The vehicle is the

109 applies. Users continue to abide

Therefore,

so-called

manufacturers will be on their own in

"shrink-wrap

license"

that

appears inside many software pack-

the

licenses,

rarely

challenging

their validity'. And none of the occa

software

the OTA has

recommendations.

ADAPSO

and

software

Continued on pg. 82

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

LAW mentally, the cost of copy-protect

the 100th Congress when they plan to re-Introduce the bill to ban rentals of .software a.s an amendment to sec

tion 109. So, come January, .software manu

facturers will be repeating their two fold argument The first part has to do with piracy. As stated by Senator

Charles Mathias (K-Md.) in 1983 when he Introduced the rental-banDing bill for software: "(P)ew observ ers doubl

that the real purpose of

(software

rentals) is

to permit

the

renter to make a permanent copy of the program for future use—with no

compensation to the author." l*hc second pan of the argument has to do with money. If a store rent.s

software, the manufacturer sees no

ing software is not large. 2. People usually have already tried

Software

out records—heard them ad mat-

settm in some cases on the radio

manufacturers continue to use

"shrinkwrap licenses' to prevent software rentals, even though

This time around, though, ADAPSO and

the

manufacturers

needs." A sample, in the instance of software, usually doesn't suf fice—particularly

when

sales

man in the store is doing the dem on si rating.

3. Demo disks are little better. Too

many lawyers

often they are watered down. "Us

question these

ing them," notes Scott, "is like try

licenses' validity.

Ferrari by buying a Volkswagen.

ing to see if you wart to buy a While they both have four wheels. go

funds, whether the copy is rented once or a hundred times.

or at record clubs. This is far dif ferent from software, where the user is unaware of what "meets his

forward

and

backwards...

'"Henceforth, purchasing software

there is no way to know if the 'real

will be different," ADAPSO vice presi

thing' will meet your needs with out 'taking it out for a spin.'"

will have a

dent David Sturtevant says of the new

third arrow in their quiver: They have

warranty guidelines. "Users will be

given something in return for whai

able to make their selections based on the presence or absence of warran

ware a lot. If a record goes wrong,

they are asking. They have Improved [he warranty accompanying software

ties."

ware, not only is the dollar cost

programs.

Last

spring,

fact,

ADAPSO published software "warran ty guidelines." This summer the re

sults ol' those guidelines will begin showing up in software paekages.

However, Scott had some addition al things to say:

"(Rental-banning

4. Finally, a record costs little, soft the

loss is slight;

but with soft

large but there may be damage to records and data, as well.

legislation) fails

"Software

is very

special stuff; a

to recognize the problems currently

person might well want to use it but

faced by users in attempting to evalu

once. So why have to spend S400?"

ate software packages before purchas

asks

ers were responding to a weakness in

ing

Brown, Kaysman & Millstein in New

their argument. Los Angeles attorney

gate the current, one-sided nature of

York, editor of Computer Law Strate

Michael Scott has explained that

the software acquisition process and

gist

weakness in a stinging attack in the

provide a more even-handed proposal

December,

that would protect both vendor...

rental seems irrebuttable to me," he

and...user....Such a proposal would

continues. "Piracy is no longer an ap

prohibit the rental...of software only

plicable reason for preventing rent

In effect, ADAPSO and manufactur

19H4. issue of Software

Protection (of which he is editor): "Software vendors arc not willing

to Shoulder the burdens of nonfunc tional or inappropriate products. Vir tually all software license agreements

provide that the software is sold...'as is' and all warranties are disclaimed. Because of this, a buyer has an in

them....Congress

should

investi

attorney Julian

"The

case

for

Millstein of

allowing software

</(emphasis in original) the vendor:

ing—not when documentation is now

"1.

Provided an opportunity for the

half of any program. I'ase of duping

user to evaluate the entire soft

won't help a pirate that much. Of

ware package before purchasing,

course, renting should be done with

proper notice that there be no copy

"2. Provided a full refund if the pack

ing. But

that's no reason to ban it

creased need to insure that he does

age is found to be unsuitable and

altogether. Everything else in society

not get a product that does not meet

is returned within a reasonable

these days is for rent, so why not soft

his needs, and may even destroy his

time, or

ware?"

business.

Software

vendors arc

'"3. Provided realistic warranties and

Besides, Millstein concludes, busi

nowned for making exorbitant claims

remedies, including the recovery

ness hasn't been all that good for soft

for their software, while not pointing

of actual damages, if the vendor

ware recently. "Who know;*—maybe

out its limitations. If the buyer must

misrepresents the capabilities of,

renting software would turn out to

rely solely on the vendor's advertising

or fails to specifically identify the

spur the Industry?"

literature and manuals to determine whether the software will meet his

age."

needs,

without

any

opportunity to

limitations of, the software pack

The case for permitting rental of

test the program himself, the buyer is

software gains added cogency by con

at the mercy of the vendor."

trasting software with records:

ADAPSO and manufacturers be lieve they have met the accusations.

1. Unlike

JULY/AUGUST '86

The case for renting software, in short, might just be to help the soft

software,

records

copy-protected.

And,

cannot

incre

ware industry, despite itself. Herbert Sweirtz is an attorney who lives City,

and practices in New

York S

TECHNICAL TIPS

M. CRAIIAM

the next line of the RASIC program. In

Invisible

this case they point to the end of BA

Using this technique,

BASIC

you could hide a

Commands

cold-start command,

SIC text, since our program contains only one

tion's decimal value by the following immediate command:

disable the STOP key,

Use this method to keep your /programs protected They'll run,

line. These two locations

can be translated into the target loca

PRINT PEEK(2Qi9)

256 â&#x20AC;˘

PEEK(2O50) <RETURN>

or prohibit a LIST or

'This calculation yields the value of

2062, which is where the next pro

SAVE.

gram line would start if it existed. The contents of locations 2051 and 2052

but crucial lines can't

DATA statements). Numbers and let

can be similarly translated, yielding

be listed

ters arc stored (one byte per digit or letter) according to their ASCII val

the value of the current BASIC line

JTXcre is a technique that will keep

your programs from being tampered with. It's somewhat complex, but if you need sonic security in your pro grams,

it's worth

the

trouble.

The

ues.

For instance, the Statement

number. So you can see if you list this line, it

GOTO 655 requires four bytes of

will

memory for storage: one byte for the

components, one for each number

GOTO command and one byte each for the three digits.

and letter. Actually, in memory, this

As a result, the CPU knows what it

(excluding the first 0 byte and the last

appear to contain

line

contains

only

15 different

components

method hides a program line inside

is looking at any point in time.

two 0 bytes.) You can also see that the

your BASIC program. It's there, but it

knows whether it's looking at a BASIC

pointer in locations 2049 and 2050

Can't be listed for its contents. Along

command or data, and handles each

point to location 2062. if there were

the way, you'll also get a RAM's eye-

another line in this program higher

arc-

accordingly. When the CPU is listing a program,

stored in memory and handled by list

it uses a slightly different method. It

2062. Let's add another line for clari

and run commands.

takes the value that it finds (153 for

fication. Add line 20 to the program;

view

of how

KA.SIC

programs

Commodore computers (as well as some others) store

program

com

mands and data in RAM in different

PRINT) for each

keyword

and

pands it onto the screen using a com

than line 10, it would start in location

20 PRINT "GOODBYE" Now let's take another look at RAM.

parable look-up table. Hence, one decimal value in memory tan be

but this time we'll look at line 20.

ways. The BASIC Interpreter knows what it is doing and keeps the two

iransformed into several characters

TOR 1-2062 to 2078: PRINT I,

forms

on the screen.

information separate

and

Type in the immediate mode:

PKP.K(l): NEXT <KETURN>

If the CPU is looking inside quotes,

Table III shows you what you'll see.

basic keywords (like print, POKE) are handled by ;i method

it just prints the ASCII equivalent of

As you can sec, the same pattern is

the value that it finds. This is actually

followed as in line 10. The informa

called

data. Table 1 shows how the various

tion is different, but the method is the

keywords and daia are stored.

same.

distinct. Here is bow it works.

tokenlzlng.

The

keyword

PRINT Is stored In memory locations as the decimal value L53. Nole that each memory location in the machine may contain only one number from 0 to 255. When the CPU is looking for

How Program Lines are

Creating "Invisible"

Stored

Program Lines

Let's take a closer look at program

Now you can see that the pointer in

its next byte while executing a pro

storage on the Commodore 64. 'Turn

line 10 points to the beginning of line

gram, it treats all values that are great

on your computer and type in the

er than

following program line:

20, and the pointer in line 20 points to the end of BASIC], Km suppose we

127 as BASIC keywords, as

long as they aren't within ([notes. It operates on the values by looking them up in the kcywon.1 table, then it jumps to that part of the BASIC Inter

preter that it finds in the table for the

10 ?"fIELLO"

make the lines point differently? This

After entering the line, type in the

is where the promised "invisible BA

immediate mode:

SK"' comes in. Let's make the first line

FOR 1 = 2048 to 2063:PRINT I, PEEK(I): NEXT

appropriate machine-language rou

When you press RETURN you'll gel a

tine to execute. This is how the CPU

list of the first 16 locations in memory

"translates" the commands.

and [heir corresponding contents

point not to line 20. but to the end of

BASIC text. Type in the immediate mode-. POKE 2019, 29 <RETURN> We have made line 10 point to the

When the CPU finds numbers that

This lets you see what your program

same place that line 20 points...past

are in quotes or are target numbers

line looks like in memory. Table II

line 20 to the end of BASIC text. Now

for GOTO or the like, it considers that

shows you what you should be look

list the program. All you see is line 10!

information as data. 'This occurs in

ing at on the screen.

Where did line 20 get to? Well, it's

literal strings (like "HELLO" and

Locations 20-49 and 2050 point to

still there, in

BAM, but now we're

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

TECHNICAL TIPS looking right past it! Want proof ihat

line 20 still exists? Run the program. Here's what you'll see:

HELLO GOODBYE

but executable! Think of (he com

Let's recap:

• When listing a program, the CPU

mands that you can hide in this "in

uses the pointer bytes to find the

visible" line! flow about a cold-start

beginning of the next line.

command? Mow about testing a cer

• When cunning a program, the CPU

tain memory location for a byte that

Right? You have proved that line 20

merely letches the next available

only you know about, which you can

exists, because you can see the results

program line and tries to execute

poke there before running the pro

of it! What has happened?

it, ignoring the pointer.

gram? How about poking something

BASIC, while executing a program,

doesn't pay any

attention to the

pointers we've been

fiddling with.

bask; just starts at the beginning of die program and executes the state

• Listing doesn't care

much if the

cute into the operating system vec

commands are valid or not. The

tors, like disabling (he STOP key? Or

CPU

prohibiting a LIST or SAVE?

just

"uncompresses"

what

Remember, the program must be

ever tokens it finds in RAM.

• Running does require testing the

run before

this invisible command

commands for syntax, since it must

can be executed. But just think of the

knows when to expect the next line

fetch

possibilities! And you can squeeze the

number hecause it sees the 0 byte,

ecute the command.

invisible line almost anywhere in the

which indicates the end of the cur

What have we accomplished here?

program

ments

as it

comes up to

them. It

the

proper

routine

to ex

that you want to. All

you

rent line number. This is why every

We have inserted a line of BASIC into

have to do is change the line link

line must end with a 0 byte.

the program and made it unlistabk:

pointers

look past

the

invisible

line.

Table I How Keywords and Data are Stored

Just for fun, let's make the first line of our ''HELLO/GOODBYE" program

Code

Charade r/

Code

Character/

Code

Character/

Code

Characicr/

(decimal)

Keyword

(decimal)

Kcvword

(decimal)

Kc™ord

(decimal)

Keword

End of line

INPUT

169

1-31

Unused

134

DIM

170

space

67 68

133

135

READ

171

136

LET

172

■

137

GOTO

173

+ -

35 36

138

RUN

174

175

AND

139 140

RESTORE

176

141

GOSUB

177

41 42

43 44

(

)

+ < -

74 75

142

RETURN

178

143

REM

179

144

STOP

180

SGN

181

INT

145 146

WAIT

182

ABS

147

LOAD

183

USR

148

SAVE

184

PRB

149

VERIFY

185

POS

46 47

150

DEI-

186

SQR

POKE

187

RND

151

152

PRINT#

188

LOG

85 86

189

EXP

3 4

153 154

CONT

190

COS

LIST

191

SIN

CLR

192

TAN

53 54

155 156

157

CMD

193

ATN

158

SYS

194

PEEK

OPEN

LEN

159

STRS

59 60

94 :

] T

96-127 Unused

160

195 196

161

GET

197

VA1.

162

NEW

198

ASC

163

TAB(

199

CHHf

164

200

LEITS

128

END

129

FOR

165

201

RIGHTS

130

166

SPC(

202

MIDS

131

DATA

167

THEN

132

INPUT#

168

NOT

63 64

@ A

JULY/AUGUST '86

203-254 .»55

mode:

POKE 2049,1 <RI-TURN> Now list the program.

WIIEEI-EEE!

Look at it go! Not much is different. We've just got this thing listing in a circle by making line 10 point to line

39 40

STEP

point to itself. Type in the immediate

Unused

10. Another run will reveal that ev erything is still in RAM and working. as far as execution is concerned.

Now practice this technique and see how man)1 safety valves you can put in your program to keep out unin vited guests. CAUTION: Be careful editing the program

after

pointers.

riddling with

You'll

drive

these

the

CPL;

bonkers making it look for line num

bers that it thinks don't exist! You'll experience all sorts of crashes and

screen memory changes if you try to monkey with a program that has al

ready been monkeyed with. (I con sider this a little extra security!!)

What About Saving? This is all well and good, and pro grams with maladjusted pointers can be saved, but the CPU and operating system get very uncooperative when it comes to loading these programs

back

into

memory.

It seems that

when loading a BASIC program into RAM, the operating system changes the pointers that we've been fiddling around with, readjusting them to con form

with

the

particular

memory

configuration of each machine. This is endearingly referred to as the auto-

TECHNICAL TIPS made relocation feature of the com

is established by the operating system

RAM. It will cost you a little more

puter.

when the CPU is powered up. But,

memory to do this, but isn't it worth

remember, we arc smarter than the

it? This is the general format:

This feature of the

machine

makes the '"invisible BASIC" difficult to save and reload. It must, however,

CPU sometimes, and we can change

1. Move up the start of BASIC,

be overcome if this technique is to lit1

this starting point if we want to. Fur

2. Load die program to be secured.

thermore, we must do this if we ex

3. Make the changes desired.

pect our "invisible BASIC" to save and

4. Move back the start of BASIC.

of any value. So here we go, another complica tion has crept in to spoil our fun. But

fear not! There is a way to save and

load. Reset the CPU (SYS64738) and

5. Save the program to tape or disk.

get ready

6. Turn off the CPU.

reload "invisible BASIC

about your computer.

from tape

and disk! Here is how it [joes.

learn something else

Nothing is really free. Any time you

Up until now we have been enter

want something extra, you're going to

In detailing each of these steps, I'll make the commands as generic as possible so 1 won't have to show all

ing programs and looking at the nor

pay for it sooner or later. And so it is

mal start of BASIC area of memory

the values for all possible memory

with "invisible BASIC." The price you

(2049 on the 64). This starting point

configurations. After you go through

must pay is in the form of a little extra

this exercise a few times, you can

Shorten the commands to suit your Table II. Contents of Memory, Line 10 Memory Location

Contents

2048

Description

First byte of BASIC program area. Must contain 0

2049

2050

8 (or

Two-byte pointer to next

line of BASIC (points to 2062)

LOW byte of this line # High byte of this iine #

2052

2053 2054

153

Token for PRINT

Quote mark

2055 2056 2057

Letter H

Letter E

2058

2059 2060

2061 2062

76 76

Letter L

79 34

Letter 0

Letter L Quote mark

Line Iimiter (end of this line)

Two 0 bytes indicating the end of the BASIC program

2063

Contents

Description

2062

Pointer

2063

Pointer

2064

2065

Line # Line #

2066

153

Quote mark

2068

Letter G

2069

Letter O

2070

Letter O

2071

79 68

2072

Letter B

2073

Utter Y

2074

Utter E

2067

Utter D

2075

Quote mark

2076

Line Iimiter

2077

0 0

End of BASIC text

2078

BASIC.

We need

to change

these

pointers by moving the start of BASIC to some point higher up in memory.

Let's make it easy on ourselves and only move it up two pages.

POKB -i4,PEEK(44)-t-2: POKE 256M)I:i-K(4-O.O:NEW

This Will move the start of BASIC 512 bytes (two pages) higher up in mem ory. You can move it higher up if you want to, but two is an easy number to remember (I

have

two computers,

that's how 1 remember.) The second poke puts a zero in the first location of BASIC memory, a requirement of

the operating system. Step 2: A simple load will do here, since the system will

adjust your

pointers for you. Just load the pro gram that you're going to fix.

Table III . Contents of Memory, Line 20 Memory Location

Step 1: Memory locations 43 and 44 contain the pointers to the start of

Type in the immediate mode:

18 or 16) 2051

particular needs.

End of BASIC text

Step

3: Make

the

changes you

want to the program. Inspect RAM carefully

and

make

the pointer

changes necessary to create your "in visible BASIC" line or lines. BE CARE

FULUI Depending on the current start of BASIC, you will need to change the values used in the first part of the article. As long as you know the loca

tion of the start of BASIC... (PRINT(PEEK(43) + 256'PL;EK(44)).. .you can easily adjust the values,

letting

the computer do the math for you.

Step 4: Now move the start of BA SIC back to its power-up value. PO-

KE-i4,(Pi:i;.K(-i4>2)will move it back two pages, assuming that's how far up you moved it.

Step 5: Save the program using the non-relocating save. Here's how: SAVIi "program name",1,1 for tape COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

TECHNICAL TIPS locations 43 and 44 (1 and 10 respec

SAVE"program name",8 for disk

gram when the start of BASIC point

liiis save method (lags the program

ers were set for page ten, then type

tively.) You can have different pro

(tape only) so thai it will never load

POKE 44,10 and everything will be

grams load

into any area of memory except from

fine. You can list or run, and your

keep life from getting bOOOOtinglll

whence it was saved, using either a

"invisible BASIC" lines will still be in

normal

visible to listing.

load

command or a LOAD-

■'namc",l,l. No pointers get changed. No relocating takes place. At this time

<KKTi;UN> or

get

nil

of the

Your program is now secure (as suming that

nothing went

wrong).

program. This will keep your GOTO'S

<RI-TUKN> then type

pointers

straightened out.

It would be to your advantage to put

and GOSUB's as honest as possible.

POKE 44,10 <RETURN>

And realize that under some condi

Now everything is OK and your pro

tions you'll have to reverse the secu

gram is secure. Don't forget to set up

rity from within the program to get

whatever conditions may

gram will neither produce a listing

what your "invisible bask;" will be

nor facilitate a run. This is true of a

doing.

as a LOAD-

the program to run at all, depending

your program

Anyone who tries to loud this pro

normal load as well

your security line or lines early in the

I.OAD"program name",K

the easiest way to make sure that you

dump all of the residual program ma and

want in your program, just he careful!

LOAD "pro gram name". 1,1

Step 6: Turn oft' the CPU. This is

terial

Remember, you can put these "in

visible" lines just about anywhere you

type:

VEWFV'PROGRAM NAMBU,1,1

Summary

In the case of our current example,

you may verify your program.

into different places

be testing for, assuming that's

on what commands you're hiding. It is worthy of note here that you cannot make the first line of a long

The best way to keep from having

program point to the end of BASIC.

to remember where BASIC starts for

Some funny things happen. Maybe it

each program would be to include

has something to do with pointing past

load it??? Easy] Load it normally, then

the start of BASK; pointers in the pro

change the pointers for the start of

gram name when you save it. Tor ex

too m;uiy pages of memory. In any event, be careful, and make sure you

BASK! so that it's in [he same configu

ample,

keep a working copy of the program

"name",1,1. But wait a minute! Mow will you

ration as it was when you saved me program. It you had saved the pro

SAVE"HELLO-1/10",I,1

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COMPUTER TUTOR

BY ROBERT AI.ONSO

method. (For Micro Illustrator files

Game Design

use Program 5 and follow the same

Use these utilities to

Part 3: Using Graphics read KoalaPainter and Screens

M. his is the third in a series of articles that explain mime of the ill's and out's of programming your own games. Part 1

October/November,

1985,

RUN,

1986.

and after a brief pause you

graphics screens into

can incorporate the appropriate rou

your own programs.

your own BASIC programs without

should see your high-res picture. You tine—Program 1 or Program 5—into

ever having to worry about how the machine language works.

and

Part 2 appeared in February/March,

in Program 1 or Program 5. When you get the READY prompt again, type

Micro Illustrator

appeared in Commodore Power/

Play

instructions.) When the READY prompt appears, type NEW and load

location 1024. The next 1,000 bytes

Saving Object Code

are also used for color. These have to

Programs I and 5 are called BASIC loaders because they are in BASIC and

modore 64 can product some of tlic

be transferred to 55296 through 56295 to nil up color RAM. The last

they load a machine language pro

best color graphics of any home com

byte is the background color. Table 1

gram into memory by poking it from

puter. But getting the most color and

shows the structure of a KoalaPainter

data statements. Some people prefer

graphics from your 64 can be a te

picture file.

having their machine language rou

Most people agree that the Com-

dious programming task, unless you

Micro Illustrator,

have some good utilities. To get the most out of the 64'S

different file structure.

dress is at 6364. And although you

can he easily added to an existing

graphics, you need graphics software

can display a high-res screen in the

program. However, others prefer hav

and cither a touchpad or a light pen.

first 16K block of the 64's memory it

ing the machine language in the form

With

can produce

is not advisable, because your BASIC

of an object file. An object file is a

very detailed screens without having

program could easily overwrite your

program that

to worry about which POKEs to make

design. Because of this, the Micro Il

"comma 8 comma 1" method. This

and which

lustrator display

these

tools

you

memory locations

hold

which bytes. However, even though you can cre

ate terrific graphics using these pack

however, has a

The load ad

programs

tines in this form because it gives them more flexibility. A BASIC loader

you

load using the

transfer

kind of program does not require that

the high-res data to the same area as

any data be poked into memory, and

KoaluPatnler.

is therefore faster to use. You just SYS

The first two bytes of Micro Illus

to its starting address and you get im

ages, their manuals usually don't sup

trator files are the background and

ply the

border color, respectively. The next

transfer your graphic creations into

18 bytes are unused. The color bytes

the

your own programs. Without this in

are located from 6484 to 7383. The

disk as an object file. You must first

information you

need

mediate results.

Programs 2 and 6 allow you to save machine-language

program

formation, it's very tough to use your

1,000 color nybbles follow immedi

load and run Program 1 (for Koala

designs in a game.

ately and the «,()()() picture bytes fol

Painter) or 5 (for Micro Illustrator)

low that. Use Table 2 for reference.

and tap the RUN/STOP -RESTORE keys

graphics packages for the Commo dore 64: KoalaPainter{used with the

Machine Language

when you see the high-res screen. Type NEW. Next load Program 2 if

KoalaPad touchpad), and Micro Illus

tedious in BASIC. Machine language is

trator. We'll take a look at how pic

obviously the language of choice for

tor.

an application of this sort. Program 1

would like the object code saved in

IS a BASIC loader for use with Koala

the drive then run the program, When the red light goes off on the

In this article, we will try to rectify

that problem for users of two popular

ture files are organized in each of these packages, explain how to use the files in your programs, and supply some short utility programs to help you use them more easily.

File Structures

Doing all this transferring can be

Painter.

It will first

POKE the ma

chine-language program

you're

using KoalaPainter,

or Pro

gram 6 if you're using Micro Illustra Place the disk

to which you

into high

disk drive, you will have a program

memory starting at 49152 then SYS to the entry point and allow you to view

file called " DISPLAY.OBJ." You can

a picture file without KoalaPainter.

comma 1" and type SYS 49152 to see

now load this file with a "comma 8

'Hie structure of a KoakiPaintvr picture file is simple. 1-ach picture

works with Micro Illustrator files. It,

consists of exactly

bytes of

like Program 1, POKEs the machine

information. Of these, the first 8,000 bytes arc the actual picture. The nest

To get a perfectly clean high-res

language from ihe data statements

picture, you'll need to use Program 3 (for KoalaPainter) or Program 7 (for

10,001

Program 5 is a BASK: loader that

and SYSes to the start address.

a KoalaPainter or Micro illustrator picture.

1,000 arc bytes used for color. These

To use Program I, just load a Koa

Micro Illustrator). This is because

color bytes have to be transferred to

laPainter picture file into your com

the screen area starting at memory

puter using the "comma 8 comma 1"

you need to call the routine from a program 80 the BEADY prompt does COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

COMPUTER TUTOR/GAME DESIGN not interfere with the picture. Pro

16K block of memory at a time, it is

gram 3 or 7 will do the [rick for you.

Table 1: KoataPainter File

necessary to store all sprite data starl

Structure

ing at memory location 1638*!. If, lor

BASIC Demos Programs 4 (for KoalaPaintar) and H (for Micro Illustrator) are demo programs. These demonstrate why it is impraetical to use BASIC for the

24576

Load Address

24576-32575 32576-33575 33576-34575

Picture Rytes

34576

picture files. The procedure needed

example, you wanted to have a sprite in your game, you would just place

tht 63 bytes of sprite data starting at

Color Bytes

16384 and then place a 0 in the cor

Color Nybbles

responding sprite pointer. The sprite

Background Color

pointers, however, are not at the usu al memory locations 2O4Q to 2047.

to see a picture file i.s not very in volved. It's just a matter of setting ;i

Table 2; Micro Illustrator File

couple of registers and transferring a

Structure

few thousand bytes of data. The.se programs were written first in BASIC to work out the logic for the machinelanguage versions.

Moving Sprites Once you discover how powerful bly be tempted to use a high-resolu

lx>ad Address

6364

Background Color

63H4- 7383 7384- 7483

Color Bytes

this routine can be. you will inevita

16383

are now

located

left of the high-res image).

6364

6365 6366- 6383

■

pointers

tween 24576 and 24583 (at the top

Border Color

cl JO

The

To use more than one sprite, just set the appropriate pointer and store the data. l;or the second sprite you

Unused

just set 24577 with a 1 and store tindata starting

Color Nybbles

memory

location

16428. liven with a high-res image

Picture Bytes

there is still enough room left over for

a total of 96 different sprite images.

be moved.

tion screen for a game. If you decide

Since the high-res screen is in the

This should be more than enough for

to do so, you must remember that all

second I6K block of the 64's memory

a lot of very exciting and graphically

sprite data and sprite pointers must

and the VIC 11 chip can see only one

detailed games.

Wore typing ilusc prisms, read "How 10 Enter I'nijpims." anil "How »Uk ihe Migraine llmry ftopm" The BASIC prognuiis in I his nnfpxinr arc available on disk fnmi Itiadslar, P.O.Box30007,SbrcY(#ort,U71130-0007, IH00H11-2W1

Program 1. KoalaPainter BASIC Loader 100

FOR

110

READ

A:P0KE

49152

:SYS

49152'ENDB

120

GOTO

120'BDCX

130

DATA

169,147,32,210,255,169",2,

140

DATA

150

DATA

Program 2. KoalaPainter Object Creator 10

OPEN

PRINT#2,CHRS(0);; PRINT*2,CHR$(19 2); "EPBD FOR X=49152 TO 49266'DLMD

49266'DLMY

X,A:NEXT

PRINT#2,CHR$(PEEK(X));:NEXT

20 30

17,208,9,32,141,17,208,

180

DATA

22,208,9,16,141,22,208,

131,160,40,132,251,134,252,

230'BFIJ DATA

PRINT :P0KE

X = PEEK

215,160,0,132,33,134,34,

162'BCTH

190

34,160,0,177,251,145,33,

:POKE

iHD

(34576) :POKE

56576,2 53280,X

53281,X'EYMF

53265,PEEK

(53265)OR 2*5'EPOE

53270,PEEK

(53270)OR

FOR X= 0 TO 999'DFKE POKE X+55296,PEEK (X+33576)'EPLH POKE X+1024,PEEK (X+32576)'EORI POKE

DATA 208,249,232,224,135,208,238, 162'BGKC

210

DATA

126,160,64,132,251,134,252,

CHR$(147):POKE 53272,120'EXCE

POKE

X+23552,PEEK

2"4'EPFF

(X+32576)

:NEXT'FQHK

162'BFWD

91,160,0,132,253,134,254,

162'BDCD

GOTO

90'BCQF

Program 5.Micro Illustrator BASIC loader

230

DATA

4,160,0,132,33,134,34,

230'BAPE

100

FOR

240

DATA

110

READ

A:POKE

:SYS

49152'ENDB

120 130

GOTO DATA

120'BDCX 169,147,32,210,255,169,2,

140

DATA

252,230,254,177,251,145,33,

145'BFFG 250

DATA

253,200,208,247,232,224,8,

208'BEBH 260

DATA

270

DATA

33,208,96'BJXF

JULY/AUGUST r86

rHU

49152

49301'DLCY

X,A:NEXT

141'BDND

236,173,16,135,141,32,208,

141'BEYI

A=1:LOAD"DISPLAY.OBJ",

30 POKE

200

DATA

THEN

40 50 60 70

200'BCXJ

220

A=0

Program 4. KoalaPainter BASIC Demo

162'BBEG DATA

END

SYS 49152'BFMY GOTO 30'BCKY

173'BBMF

170

X'EKYE

2'BBJB

3,1'FJXF

0,221,169,120,141,24,208,

173'BDXE

DATA

2,8,2,"DISPLAY.OBJ,P,W'"BGKC

Program 3. KoalaPainter Object Loader

141'BDND

160

0,221,169,120,141,24,208,

173'BDXE

GAME DESIGN 150

DATA

4IIIIIIIOIGITPI YHMOnilllllll]

17,208,9,32,141,17,208,

I COMPUTEREYES™

17.VBBMF 160

DATA

22,208,9,16,141,22,208,

173'BDGG 170

DATA

180

24'BDUH DATA 141,32,208,162,95,160,0,

220,24,141,33,208,173,221,

132'BCAI 190

DATA

33,134,34,162,32,160,192,

VIDEO IMAGES ON YOUR COMPUTER! Frnar'ry—an inexpensive ■Aayloc^plLjrtrejJ i^jrifl images on yuu' iuft%>viri i

grapn-cs dcspteyr1 COMPUTE REYES "i^an mnovJi \vt H<M--M<»n rjfvPtruwt tonnem between any sundae) vnJeo route jvnTeo i^pc retcflcr vxJro cai*r*. videodisfc. ere i .ind yous cnnnpuiFi UftOet umpJr icfiwd'c «jo[jo". j t>Jw inwpp H acquired in leiMfwn six letond^ Unrtjupnuni-Hjn rntHJ^.tiwpromck

132'BDBJ

200

DATA

251,134,252,230,34,160,0,

includes imcrf«f m«Jule. tornJV'lotiw lottiH.trt support w

177'BDAB

210

DATA

nct'i manu.il. .irvfone yrnr y Ml 1 at lWmphi\ 14OOS&M

251,145,33,200,208,249,232,

224'BFWD 220

DATA

Alsc <u/A lable oi ^ complex (

64,208,238,162,23,160,240,

incfuding

132'BEZE 230

DATA

240

132'BDXE DATA 253,134,254,162,4,160,0,

251,134,252,162,91,160,0, Drn>o dfjn flvctrraQk fnr

250

132'BCXF DATA 33,134,34,230,252,230,254,

See ycn/rcf,»icr oioidei duet]

260

177'BEZH DATA 251,145,33,145,253,200,208,

270

DATA

280

160'BEBJ DATA 0,132,33,134,34,162,28,

290

DATA

for only J39g 95 q!u->

ONLY

S 129.95

ei? lb orotr or for i. wrue 0' cau

247'BFAI 232,224,8,208,236,162,215,

DIGfTAL VIS/ON, *

160'BBXJ 216,132,251,134,252,230,34,

160'BFPC.

300

DATA

Commodore Compatible

0,177,251,145,33,200,208,

249'BDHC

310

and only. ..$-13900

DATA 232,224,32,208,238,96'BVCCOnilK

Program 6. Micro Illustrator Object Creator

OPEN

PRINT#2,CHRS(0);:PRINT#2,CHRS(19 2);

2,8,2,"DISPLAV.0BJ,P,W"'BGKC

FOR X=49152

PRINT#2,CHRS(PEEK(X));:NEXT

'EPBD

49301'DLCD

X'EKYE

2'BBJB

HMD

Program 7. Micro Illustrator Object Loader 10

A=0

THEN

A=1:LOAD"DISPLAY.OBJ",

8,1'FJXF

20 30

SYS 49152'BFMY GOTO 30'BCKY

EMD

Program 8. Micro Illustrator BASIC Demo 10

20 30 40 50

60 70

The FSD-1 Disk Drive is a versatile and efficient disk drive built for Iho Com

PRINT CHR$(147):POKE 53280, PEEK(6365):POKE 53281,

modore series ol personal computers. This disk drive is lully Compatible

PEEK

and writing speed and memory buffer size.

POKE POKE POKE FOR PEEK

1541 Disk Drive, giving much belter performance in terms of data loading

(6364)"GGZH

56576,2:POKE 53272,120'CRXC 53265,PEEK (53265)OR 2'5'EPOE 53270,PEEK (53270)OR 2~4'EPFF X=

999:POKE

X+55296,

X+23552,PEEK

FOR

Special Features •

anco ol quality

• • •

(X+6384)

(X+8384):NEXT'IWON

GOTO

90'BCQF

venled melal chassis—to run cool and

Visa antj MasterCard a*o welcome. Allow Efl.00 shipping find handling. Or mait your order with cdock or monoy ordor lo:

Dual serial port willi chaining option lor expandability

X+24576,

PEEK

Slim line construction—to In in those

To Order call toll free 1-800-356-5178

olticlont always

(X+6384)'ENRH

7999:POKE

Full G monlh warranty—your assur-

smnllar places

(X+7384)'HUEJ

POKE X+1024,PEEK POKE

wilh the Commodore 64 computer and directly replaces the Commodore

:NEXT'FPHJ

FSD-1 5% "Disk Drive Directly replaces the Commodore 1541 disk drive.

•

51V industry standard formal

•

Positive lever lock—lo eliminate the

"pop out" problem ■

END

Buitl especially iDr C-64 users

ninnnmber. no sales tax in Oregon.

Emerald Component International 541 Will Bine tie Street Eugene, OH 97401 Tel. ',n;i-P!ri-nr>.i

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

GAME PROGRAMS

BY SCOT S. SETO

Equestrian64 K *questrian64" is an arcade-type video name tot the Commodore 64. A joystick, plugged into port 2, is re quired. After typing the program into memory, save it on a disk or tape before running it. This is very important because once the BASIC program is executed, it cannot

Starting with five horses, your objective is to jump as many mushrooms as you can But killer bees will try to hinder you

be saved. The program pokes a machine-language pro

gram into memory at location 49152 to 52034. Starting off with five horses, your objective is to jump

over as many mushrooms as you can. Pressing the fire Bdbre typing tiiis program, rwd -How to Emct Programs" ind "How to Use the Magazine

button will cause the horse to jump. Killer bees will try to hinder your mushroom jump

ing. Positioning the joystick upwards will shoot an ar

Entry Program " The BASIC programs in ihis mig&ine ire available on disk from Loidiur.

P.O. Box 30007. Shrcvepon. U "1DIMH07,1 -800-831-2694.

Equestrlan64

row which will kill a bee, but not a mushroom. You will lose a horse each time it collides with a mushroom or a bee. There arc six stages to the game. Each succeeding

stage is more difficult than the last. Advancing to the next stage is accomplished by jumping over 15 mush rooms. Every mushroom jumped and each bee killed

will add points to your score. The number of points you receive increases as you advance through [he stages. Pressing the keys 1 through 9 during the introduction music will change the game's speed. The lower the key

PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN3J"'BAUT A$="EQUESTRIAN64"'BCQX

1020

GOSUB

1030

A$="P0KING GOSUB

1050 1060

AS="PLEASE WAIT SECONDS'" BCNG GOSUB 1140'BEHA

1070

FOR READ

That's all you have to know to play Equestrian64. I

1085

JULY/AUGUST r86

MACHINE

1040

1080

1140'BEHV LANGUAGE

PROGRAM"'BCVF

pressed, the faster the horse runs. The default speed is "5. hope you enjoy the game.

1000 1010

1140'BEHX

T=0

ABOUT

2883'DGWD

X'BBWB

X<0

X>255

[D0WN2,RVS]ERROR

THEN IN

PRINT"

GAME PROGRAMS/EQUESTRIAN 64 1090 1100

1110

LINE"INT(T/8)"10+1180:END'LRGU POKE 49152+T,X'CIEF

1450

S=S+X'CDOV NEXT'BAEU

1460

1120

IF S=307896

1130

PRINT"?CHECK

THEN SUM

SYS

49152'EMBB

1470

L=LEN(A$)'CFSA

T=20-INT(L/2)'EHRD PRINT TAB(T)"[DOWN]";AS'CFFC

1170

RETURN'BAQB

1180

DATA

169,130,133,251,169,200,133,

1480 1490

169,0,133,253,169,48,133, 162,3,160,0,177,251,145,

1500

DATA

200,20 8,249,230,252,2 30,254,

DATA

208,240,169,11,141,32,208,

DATA

7,141,216,199,169,0,141,

DATA

208,141,29,208,169,200,141,

DATA

7,141,253,7,141,250,7,

1530

DATA

254,7,169,13,141,251,7,

1540

DATA

8,189,231,198,157,37,208,

1550

DATA

16,247,169,65,160,199,32,

1560

DATA

171,169,0,162,63,157,64,

1570

DATA

202,16,250,162,23,157,0,

1580

DATA

202,16,250,162,3,157,212,

1590

DATA

202,16,250,141,210,199,141,

1600

DATA

1340

DATA

199,169,4,141,8,212,169,

1610

1620

1670

1690

141'BDTJ

1700

1390

DATA

1400

DATA

1410

DATA

1680

141,248,7,173,30,208,32,

DATA

198,173,30,208,162,39,160, 136,208,253,173,0,220,41,

200 ' BFWJ 141,1,212,173,93,200,141, 212,32,159,255,32,228,255,

DATA

49,144,9,201,58,176,5,

DATA

4 6,141,216,199,17 3,0,220,

41'BCHH DATA

16,208,3,32,254,193,173,

0'BAHN DATA

220,41,15,73,15,208,6,

32'BYBF

19,212,169,128,141,6,212,

185,193,76,148,193,201,1,

1710

DATA

172G

208' BDVG DATA 2 4 6,169,1,141,22 4,199,76,

173G

DATA

13,212,169,243,141,20,212,

167' BDAI

31,141,21,208,169,119,141,

19 3,238,229,199,173,229,199,

201' BGIJ

208,169,5,141,211,199,169,

4,208,31,169,0,141,229,

174C

DATA

1750

199 ' BBRJ DATA 169,33,141,4,212,238,235,

176S

DATA

141,219,199,169,5,133,252,

199" BDUK

104,133,251,32,233,192,169,

12'BEXH

DATA

233' BAVL

169,15,141,24,212,169,17,

169'BEXG

212,16 9,54,141,4,208,16 9,

201" BECL

141'BDKI DATA 5,212,141,12,212,169,160,

DATA

0'BBNJ

1380

1440

141,11,212,141,18,212,141,

DATA

160'BEQF

DATA

1660

1370

DATA

16 2,14,157,221,199,202,16,

DATA

169,4,141,102,3,141,90,

1430

DATA

1650

169,2,141,93,3,141,99,3'BXXF

DATA

141,8,208,141,2,208,169,

1640

DATA

1420

DATA

16'BCAH DATA 24 0,24 9,20 2,208,2 41,173,74,

DATA

28'BDHD

141,12,20 8,169,2 5 5,141,9,

DATA

1360

169'BEWD

DATA

1630

1350

141'BDGK

208, 169,160,141,10,208,169,

16 'BDSG

3'BBPF

3'BYZH

DATA

149' BCNF

180 'BCBE 141,7,212,169,255,141,96,

208,141,7,208,169,64,141,

192' BDTE

218'BFTE 1330

DATA

4'BCLM

199'BDIC 1320

102,141,1,208,169,0,141,

250' BECM

212'BCSB 1310

DATA

0 'BAFK

3'BAQJ 1300

208,141,5,208,141,13,208,

208' BDNJ

30'BCYI 1290

141,0,208,141,3,208,141,

ll'BBNE

85'BEMJ

202'BDDH 1280

133,252,202,16,230,96,169,

16'BCPH

162'BBNG 1270

10 5,40,133,251,165,252,105,

6'BAUG

141'BADF

1260

14 5,2 51,136,16,251,165,251,

169' BDIF

249'BFHF 1250

DATA

1520

33'BBOD 1240

DATA

169'BEED 1230

DATA

1510

202'BGPC 1220

19 3,162,15,160,39,173,219,

101' BEYE

253'BCFA

12X0

DATA

0'BDSL

254'BDUI DATA

10 4,133,251,32,233,192,76,

24 'BECL

252'BGXI

1200

DATA

1991 BEWK

ERROR":END'CBNC

1150 1160

DATA

141,219,199,169,217,133,252,

169' BGYI 6'BCHI

1140

1190

DATA

173,235,199,201,7,208,5, COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

GAME PROGRAMS/EQUESTRIAN 64 169'BCYL

2090

DATA

L780

DATA

1790

DATA

1300

DATA 212,96,162,255,172,216,199, 136'BFUH

2120

DATA

2130

DATA

2140

DATA

0,141,235,199,24,105,192,

141'BDGM

1810

2100

248,7,32,78,194,173,229,

199'BCQN

2110

201,2,24 0,5,16 9,0,141,4'BXYN

208,253,202,208,247,96,169,

1320

DATA

1830

199'BCLI DATA 32,164,196,206,1,208,32,

141,248,7,162,0,142,222,

DATA

194,32,78,194,32,78,194,

DATA

222,199,232,224,11,208,230,

169'BFEM 1860

DATA

0,141,4,212,32,78,194,

32'BYDM 1870

DATA

78,194,162,11,142,222,199,

238'BESO 1880

DATA

2160

DATA

2170

2180 2190

1900

DATA 235,173,74,200,141,1,212, 173'BDXH

2220

1910

DATA

2230

DATA

162,2,32,252,194,144,3,

32'BADK

1940 1950

DATA 53,197,162,5,32,252,194, 144'BCTL DATA 3,32,53,197,162,6,32, 252'BYLM

DATA DATA DATA

DATA

2240

DATA

2250

DATA

2260

DATA

2270

7,76,103,195,238,252,7, 162' BBWH DATA 4,32,252,194,176,14,173, 210' BCII

DATA 199,201,2,144,16,173,223, 199'BDSO

2290

DATA

2300

DATA

DATA 208,3,32,74,195,173,0, 220"BAGQ

2310

DATA

2010

DATA 41,15,73,15,201,1,208,5'BXDX DATA 169,1,141,224,199,32,169, 194'BDBA

2320

DATA

2020

2330

DATA

2030

DATA 193,173,224,199,240,77,173, 223'BFAD

2040

DATA 199,208,26,169,100,141,6, 208'BDRD

2050

DATA 173,1,208,141,7,208,169, 11'BBIE

2060

DATA 141,231,199,169,0,141,236, 199'BEQG DATA 169,1,141,228,199,238,6, 208'BCBG

2070 2080

DATA

JULY/AUGUST'86

252,194,144,10,169,0,141,

199,169,0,141,11,212,96, 169' BCWC 1,141,2 2 7,199,141,221,199,

32'BDND 2 2 2,255,141,217,199,173,16, 208' BFMF 9,16,141,16,20 8,169,112,

141' BCIF 2340

DATA

8,208,169,101,141,9,208,

169' BCUG

2350

DATA

201,141,252,7,169,4,141,

8'BAGH 2360

DATA

212,169,180,141,7,212,96,

238' BDRI

2370 2380

227,19 9,17 3,22 7,199,20 5,217, 199' BGLK DATA 208,196,169,2,141,221,199,

2390

DATA

32'BDUK

238,236,199,32,204,196,174,

236'BFYI

199,201,4,144,17,162,4, 32'BAIJ 221' BDBK

32,203,195,32,150,197,76,

242'BDPB

54,201,1,240,98,173,252,

201,20 2,208,8,169,201,141, 252' BESH

1970

2000

24,96,173,221,199,201,0,

7'BAKF

DATA

1990

233,0,153,0,208,16,17,

240' BCIE

2280

240,3,32,255,196,173,223,

18 9,202,19 9,168,185,0,20 8,

19 4,199,7 3,255,141,219,19 9, 173" BFJD DATA 16,20 8,4 5,219,199,141,16, 208' BDVD

DATA 194,144,3,32,53,197,173, 210'BCNN

199'BDUP

112,153,0,208,56,96,24,

DATA

1960

1980

208,29,194,199,141,16,208,

189 ' BAHB

197'BBPJ 1930

DATA

24"BDCJ

2210

32,252,194,144,3,32,53,

20 8,18 5,0,208,20 8,16,173,

96'bar:

DATA 32,78,194,174,222,199,202, 208'BESQ

DATA

185,0,208,24,233,0,153, 0'BYWF

169' BEBI

1890

1920

194,199,20 8,36,18 9,202,199,

16"BCMG

2200

93,200,141,0,212,96,162,

224,199,141,228,199,141,6,

141,7,208,96,173,16,208, 61'BBSD

2150

DATA 1,208,32,78,194,32,78, 194'BABO

1'BAWI

DATA

168' BFOF

174'BCMK 1850

144,17,169,0,141,18,212,

208' BETD

78'BBQJ 1840

DATA

141' BCCB

199'BFDI

199,173,7,208,24,125,237, 199 ' BDDJ DATA 141,7,208,173,7,208,201, 112' BCBA DATA

1770

219' 2400

DATA

198,196,96,173,30,208,141, BEYM

199,162,17,17 3,219,199,41,

GAME PROGRAMS/EQUESTRIAN 64 2410

127'BEBE DATA 93,140,199,240,4,202,16,

2720

243'BCJE

DATA

234 ,199 ,201 ,4,240,1,96,

174'BBOI 231 ,199 ,169 ,0,141,234,199,

2730

DATA

2740

2430

DATA 96,138,10,170,189,158,199, 133'BECG DATA 2 51,18 9,159,199,133,252,108,

224'BEQK DATA 0,208,4 ,142 ,18,212,96, 206'BAFK

251'BGWH

2750

DATA

2440

DATA

2450

DATA

2460

DATA 5,196,76,6,193,160,23, 162'BAVJ DATA 2,24,32,240,255,169,5, 32'BYGK

2420

0,206,211,199,104,104,104,

104'BEKI

2470

2480

DATA

2490

DATA

2760

104,104,173,211,199,48,28,

32'BDHI

2770

141 ,15, 212, 189,93,200,141,

DATA

212 ,169 ,129 ,141,18,212,96,

238'BEOO

2780

DATA 232 ,199 ,173 ,232,199,201,5, 240'BEKP

2790

DATA

2800

141'BBXP DATA 232 ,199 ,173 ,233,199,201,8,

2810

DATA

1,96,238,233,199,169,0,

203'BESI

76,210,255,162,5,160,15,

24'BBGM

DATA

14'BHBM

210,255,173,211,199,24,105,

43'BEGM

231 ,199 ,174 ,231,199,189,74,

200'BFYM

9,169,0 ,H1 ,223,199,141,

ll'BBKI

2500

DATA

32,240,255,169,80,160,196,

2510

DATA

141'BBTF DATA 11,212,141,18,212,162,39,

2830

2520

2840

2530

160'BDVG DATA 16,136,208,253,173,0,220,

DATA 33, L41, 11,212,96,1 199'BDIL

41'BCAH

2850

DATA

2540

DATA

32'BDQE

2820

212 ,96, 170, 189,112,200,141,

DATA

212 ,189 ,121 ,200,141,7,212,

169'BEWL

201 ,1,241 ,

3,210,

3,201,2,240,

9'BYJM

16,240,249,202,203,241,173,

0'BDBI

DATA

8'BDHJ

30,171,169,0,141,4,212,

2860

DATA

201 ,5,240,64,201,3,2

42'BAON

2550

DATA

220,41,16,208,249,76,34,

2870

2560

192'BCQJ DATA 156,71,65,77,69,32,79, 66'BYTK

2880

2570

DATA

DATA 219 ,199 ,201 , 127,144,18,189, 194'BFAQ

2890

DATA

2580

DATA

2590

DATA

2900

DATA 2 03 ,45, 219, 199,141,29,208, 96'BDDJ

2910

DATA

199,141,228,199,141,6,208,

141'BERO

199 ,73, 255, 141,219,199,173,

29'BEIR

96,169,0,141,221,199,141,

224'BDQM

96, 142, 219, 199,32,222,255,

174'BEVP

69,82,0,173,223,199,240,

1■BAQL

DATA

17 3 ,29, 208, 29,194,199,141,

2600

DATA

2920

2610

199'BEOG DATA 141,232,199,141,11,212,141,

29'BDEK DATA 208 ,96, 173, 29,208,201,102, DATA

2620

18'BETH DATA 212,169,255,141,8,208,141,

2930

9'BCPH

2940

7,208,141,233,199,141,231,

208'BEGL 1,96,17 3,29 ,208,29,194,

199'BBML DATA

141 ,29, 203, 96,173,21,208,

201'BDKM

2630

DATA

208,23 8,22 3,199,173,210,199,

56'BFYJ DATA 233,2,48,15,10,168,185,

2950

2640

21'BA1J DATA 199,133,251,185,22,199,133,

2960

2650

252'BFSL

2970

DATA

2660

DATA

2980

173'BGCQ DATA 21, 208, 61,1 94,199,240,25,

2670

DATA

2990

DATA

2680

0'BALM DATA 141,230,199,96,189,74,200, 141'BEPO

3000

2690

DATA

2780

DATA

302G

2710

33'BBTG DATA 141,11,212,96,238,234,199, 173'BENI

303(2

212'BBTO

DATA

194 ,199 ,141 , 21,208,96,162,

3'BCWO 142 ,226 ,199 ,189,206,197,170,

173'BDSQ

230,199,201,5,208,6,169,

1,212,189,93,200,141,0,

127 ,208 , 1,96,173,21,208,

29'BBQN

76,86,198,96,238,230,199,

173'BDTM

DATA

16, 208, 61,194,199,208,17,

189'BDES DATA

202 ,199 , 168 ,185,0,208,201,

75'BDSA

301fl

DATA

20B ,6,32.

,198,32,71,

198'BAWB

169,33,141,4,212,96,169,

DATA

174 ,226 , 199 ,202,16,210,173,

218'BFID DATA

199 ,201 ,15, 248,5,96,1,2'BXOC COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

GAME PROGRAMS/EQUESTRIAN 64 202" 3EYJ

3340

DATA

5,6,169,0,141,218,199,

3050

32'BYRE DATA 26,19 8,2 33,210,199,173,210,

3360

199'BFAG DATA 201,6,208,31,169,0,141,

3370

DATA

3060

210'BBSG

3380

2121 3CEK DATA 141,11,212,76,151,198,96,

3070

DATA

3393

DATA

7 'BBSL 1,10,2,2,4,5,2,2'BQVK DATA

4,11,4,9,4,7,4,5'BQQC

201'BGMJ

3410

DATA

7,9,7,5,4,255,50,50'BTTE

DATA

3420

DATA

25,50,50,100,25,25,25,

DATA

3090

2 08,238,211,199,17 3,211,199, 10,144,5,169,9,141,211,

25'BYVG

199'BBOJ

DATA

32,5,196,76,6,198,24,

3430

DATA

25,25,100,29,199,33,199,

3110

DATA

3440

37'BBAH DATA 199,41,199,45,199,49,199,

3120

210'BCTC DATA 199,24,105,49,76,210,255,

3450

DATA

199,57,199,61,199,0,0,1'BXEJ

238'BDBD

3460

DATA

0,0,0,2,0,0,0,3'BPJI

3L30

DATA

3470

DATA

255'BCUE

3480

DATA

0,0,0,16,0,0,0,37'BRRK

3140

DATA

3490

DATA

0,0,0,80,0,0,0,117'BSPL

3500

DATA

0,147,156,83,67,79,82,

160'BYAB 23,162,0,32,240,255,173,

218.199,24,169,5,32,210, 160,37,162,0,32,240,255,

173'BCDF

53'BCEI

69'BYNF

3150

DATA

218,199,201,10,176,12,105,

3160

48'BDKG DATA 72,169,32,32,210,255,104,

3170

76'BCLH DATA 210,255,169,49,32,210,255,

3530

DATA

65,71,69,32,5,49,32,32'BWBH

173'BEIJ

3540

DATA

32,156,77,85,83,72,82,

3510

DATA

32, 5,48,48,48,48,48,48'BWQF

3520

DATA

48,48,32,32,32,156,83,

84'BYXH

79'BYOJ

3180

DATA

218,199,105,38,76,210,255,

173'BETK

3550

DATA

79,77,83,32,5,32,48,13'BWGJ

3190

DATA

3560

DATA

17,156,32,32,32,32,32,

210,199,10,168,185,11,199,

3590

32'BYZL DATA 32,32,32,32,32,32,32,3 2'BXWL DATA 32,32,72,79,82,83,69,83'BXJN DATA 32,5,53,0,3,5,17,24'B.TFN

160"BBED

3600

DATA

28,26,19,21,81,65,49,33'BXCF

DATA

3610

DATA

85,83,51,53,88,56,241,

133'BENL 3200 3210

3220

DATA

251,185,12,199,133,252,24,

3570

160'BEGD

3580

DATA

6,162,0,32,240,255,248,

3,24,185,212,199,113,251,

153'BDKE 3230

DATA

212,199,136,16,245,216,160,

195' BAJH 3620

0'BDJF

3240

DATA

140,219,199,18 5,212,199,72,

3630

3250

DATA 74,74,74,24,105,48,32, 210'BAMH

3640

3260

DATA

3650

255,104,41,15,24,105,48,

32'BBCI 3270

91,196,241,19 5,241,195,241, 195' BFXK DATA 241,195,241,19 5,241,195,241, 195' BGRL DATA

DATA

241,195,241,195,241,195,91,

196' BFXM 3660

DATA

91,196,1,2,4,8,16,32"BUQL

3670

DATA

64,128,0,2,4,6,8,10'BTHM

3280

DATA

3680

DATA

12,14,0,4,0,0,0,0'BRMM

3690

DATA

2,12,0,31,1,0,0,0'BRKN

3290

189'BBUK DATA 240,198,48,74,168,185,74,

3700

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEF

20 0'BDAM

3710

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,255,0,255'BTPH

3720

DATA

0,2 55,0,255,0,2 55,0,0'BVWI

0'BBQD

3730

DATA

0,255,0,0,0,0,255,0'BTPJ

3310

DATA

3740

DATA

185'BDEE

3750

DATA

3320

DATA 100,200,141,7,212,169,33, 141'BDPF

3760

DATA

0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0'BPGJ 0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0'BPGK 0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0'BPGL

3770

DATA

0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0'BPGM

3330

DATA

3780

DATA

1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0'BPHN

3790

DATA

3800

DATA

210,255,238,219,199,172,219,

241,195,241,195,91,196,91,

199'BGEK

3300

DATA

1961 BEEJ

74'BECH

192,4,208,223,96,162,0,

141,1,212,185,93,200,141, 212,185,81,200,141,8,212,

4,212,169,33,141,11,212,

189'BCFG 3340 3350 94

220,199,232,169,0,141,4,

3400

3080

3100

20 8,24 8,206,219,19 9,208,241,

174 ' 3GVK

199,141,29,208,169,255,141,

9'BDAI

DATA

0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1'BPHO 0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0'BPHG

199'BGAI

3810

DATA

1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1'BPLH

DATA

3820

DATA

1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1'BPMI

DATA

JULY/AUGUST '86

254,198,141,219,199,142,220, 162,47,160,31,136,208,253,

GAME PROGRAMS/EQUESTRIAN 64 3830

DATA

1,1,16,17,18,19,21,2 2'BVEK

3840

DAT?

2 3,2 5,26,28,29,31,33,35'BXQL

3850

DATA

37,39,42,44,47,195,195,

209' BBIN 3860

DATA

3870

DATA

3880

DATA

33,37,42,44,50,44,42,37'BXQP

3890

DATA

33,135,162,62,193,60,193,

239,31,96,181,30,156,49,

223' BCVO 16 5,13 5,13 4,162,223,62,19 3,

107' BFFQ

62'BCPR

DATA

4280

5 'BBMK DATA 192, 19,4,192,7,4,192,12'BXVK

4290

DATA

4300

DATA

4310

DATA

4320

DATA

4330

DATA

4340

DATA

4350

DATA

240,79,239,240,3,251,252,

4,48,4,4,12,0,0,0'BRCK

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGD 0,0,40,0,0,80,60,1'BSRE 84,255,1,65,255,2,168,

176' BABH 3,250,240,31,254,240,95, 251' BCCI

3900 3910

DATA

3920

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,1'BSRJ

4360

DATA

19 2, 76,29,0,67,211,0,67'BXXJ

3930

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168,

4370

DATA

176' BABH

4380

DATA

3,250,240,31,254,240,95, 251' BCCN

4390 4400

19,0,64,0,192,16,0,0'BUCK 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEK

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGL

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,1'BSRD

4410

DATA

4,208,48,65,192,48,20, 192" BAWP

4420

DATA

0,0,192,0,3,0,0,0'BRPO

4430

3940 3950

162,135,0,0,0,0,0,0'BTJI

4270

DATA DATA

240,79,239,240,3,251,240,

61'BCJO

3960

DATA

3970

DATA

3980

DATA

3990

DATA

4000

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGQ 0,0,40,0,0,80,60,l'BSRY

4010

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168, '

DATA

3,250,240,31,254,240,95,

251' BCCD 4030

DATA

4040

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168, 176' BABG

DATA

15'BCQE 208,196,12,5,196,3,3,16'BXUE

4050

DATA

0,204,0,0,0,0,0,0'BRGE

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEF

DATA

192,52,7,0,52,31.0,112'BWAI

4450

DATA

12,1,48,12,0,12,0,0'BTNJ

4460

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEJ

4470

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGK

4480

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,l'BSRL

4490

DATA

4500

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168, 176" BABO

240,79,239,244,15,251,49, 61 'BCXH

4510

DATA

4070

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40"BQGG

4520

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,1'BSRH

4530

DATA

4090

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168,

176" BABK 3,250,240,31,254,240,95,

251' BCCC 240,79,239,240,3,251,212,

3,250,240,31,254,240,95,

251 ' BCCG

4080

DATA

240,79,239,240,3,251,240,

4440

240,79,239,240,3,219,208,

4060

4100

3,250,240,31,254,240,95,

251' BCCH 7 ' BB LI

176' BABC 4020

240,79,239,240,3,251,240,

15 lBr'1

DATA

64,4 9,4 9,0,196,4 9,0,0'BVBH

4540

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEI

4550

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEJ

4560

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEK

4570

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEL

4580

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEH

4590

DATA

0,56,0,0,171,0,0,23 4'BURO

4600

DATA

4110

DATA

4120

0'BBDD DATA 240,49,0,63,193,0,17,48'BXSD

4130

DATA

0,19,0,0,4,0,0,0'BQQD

4610

DATA

0,0,170,0,0,20,0,0'BSIF 80,0,0,80,0,0,84,0'BSBG

4140

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEE

4620

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEH

4150

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGF

4630

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEI

4160

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,l'BSRG

4640

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEJ

4170

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168,

4650

DATA

0,0,0,1,64,3,133,64'BTWL

4660

DATA

2,149,0,0,234,128,15,58'BXMM

4670

DATA

160,0,206,160,0,50,160,

4680

0'BYJO DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEN

176" BABJ 4180

DATA

3,250,240,31,254,240,95,

251' BCCK 4190

DATA

2 4 0,79,239,240,3,251,252,

4690

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEO

4200

DATA

192,12,1,48,13,1,12,49'BWIC

4700

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEG

4210 4220

DATA

4710

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEH

DATA

1, 3,0,0,64,192,0,0'BSYC 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPED

4720

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEI

4230

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40'BQGE

DATA

4240

DATA

0,0,40,0,0,80,60,1'BSRF

4730 4740

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,3,128,0'BROJ 2,149,64,0,229,80,15,5B'BXXL

4250

DATA

84,255,1,65,255,2,168,

4750

DATA

80,0,206,160,0,50,160,0'BXRM

4760

DATA

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0'BPEM

4260

176' BAB I DATA 3,250,240,31,254,240,95, 251' BCCJ

4770

DATA

4780

DATA

3 'BBKL

0,0,0,0'BHXM

EHO

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

64 USERS ONLY

HYJOIINJ. KOTTLER

Defining the RUN/STOP and RESTORE keys on the

Commodore 64 An BASIC, the RUN/STOP key is simi lar to the BREAK or ESC keys on other

computers: It halts the running pro gram. That's the problem. How can

the computer test If the RUN/STOP key has been activated when the key has stopped the program? The answer is to disable the RUN/STOP key. This can be done using POKE 808,234. Memory locations 808 (S328) and 809 ( 1329) point to the Kernal STOP

routine at 63213 (SF6EI5). Ibgcther they

are known

the "pointer."

These two locations usually hold the values 237 and 246, respectively. If you multiply 246 by 256 and add 237. your answer will be 63213- Now let's poke our new value into memory lo cation 808. Multiply 246 (we didn't

change location 809) by 256 and now add

234.

Your

answer should

63210, three bytes away from where the pointer usually points.

if you consult the Commodore 64 Programmer's

Reference

Guide,

quotations when you're finished. This line can be modified to fit into any

Add a pause feature

program, as long as you place it with in the main program loop.

to your programs

For example,

using the RUN/STOP and RESTORE keys.

GET

KS:1H

KS='[RUN/STOP|-

THEN (line

number

for pause

routine)

tests the RUN/STOP key, and if it was pressed,

Test the RUN/STOP key in machine-

the program will

jump

your pause routine. If the key was not pressed, the program will continue.

language by using I.DX SCS; (you can use l.DYor LDA

as well) '

Cl'X

Restore

#S3E; (again,

you can

use

CPYorCMP)

On most cartridge programs, if you press the RESTORE key, the program

BEQ PAUSE

will restart. This is because the car

The first instruction loads the value of

tridge port is the first thing checked

location

by the computer when the RESTORE

key

key is pressed. If there is a cartridge

you'll find that the address 63210 is

pressed .Then the value is compared

present, the computer activates it by

pan of the Kernal SETTIM routine, a

to the value S3E (63 decimal), or the

entering through the warm start entry

short routine that seis the software

value for the RUN/STOP key. Finally,

point.

clock. Since we change the pointer to

the flEQ statement branches to your

the end of this routine. I.DV #S58 and

pause routine.

RTS, the RTS at the end will send the

program back without ever passing

holds

SC5 (197 decimal), which

the

value

of the

last

If there isn't a cartridge present, the computer tests ihe RUN/STOP key for

The BASIC version can be accom plished the same way by using

a RUN/STOP and RESTORE sequence. !f both keys were pressed, the com

into the next STOP routine. We more

IF PEEK(I97) = 63 THEN (PAUSE)

puter executes the RESTORE, IONIT.

or less tell the computer to take a

in which (PAUSE) is a line number

and a portion of the CINT Kernal rou

detour around the STOP key routine.

where your pause routine will take-

tines. Then ii filters back into the BA

place.

SK; warm start vector. Finally, if the

Machine language makes it easier to test the RL'N/STOP key, because

You can also

test the

RUN-

/STOP key by using

RESTORE key was pressed by itself,

you don't have to worn- about exiting

10 GET KS:IEKS = "" THEN 10

the BASIC program continues with

to BASIC. But never store the 234 into

20 IEKS = "[RUN/STOP]"THEN 50

out stopping.

memory location 808 until the pro

30 GOTO 10

gram is completed because this loca tion also disables the RUN/STOP and

50 PRINT "PAUSED" You'll notice that this is the common

SIC

RESTORE keys. So make sure thai the

"get-from-keyboard" loop. However,

NM1NV pointer

program is finished before you change that address. This location

in line

memory

20, type the first quotation

Once again,

machine-language

program is easier to reset than a BA

program.

Simply by

locations

change

poking 792

iis

the two

(S.118) and

mark, press the RUN/STOP key, then

793 (S319) so that it points to where

also affects the listing of a BASIC pro

type the second quotation mark. You

you would like to restart your pro

gram by making it unreadable.

should see a reversed "C" inside the

gram. I suggest the following instruc-

JULY/AUGUST '86

64 USERS ONLY/RUN-STOP AND RESTORE tions:

I.DX #SO1; (Of course, you can use I-DY or LDA)

STX SCC; (Use STY or STA if you changed

the

Instruc

tion) CONTINUE YOUR PROGRAM.. -

This stores the numeral one into

chine-language program at 679 when

er is used to load the program, auto

the RESTORE key is pressed. The BRK

matically add the line 0, and start the

points to the same program, just in

program by using SYS6K9. The pro

case the RESTORE key was pressed

gram also CLRs and NEWS itself so

with the RUN/STOP key. And finally, if

that it won't interfere with an incom

the program does fall through and ex

ing program. Tape owners should re

ecute the

move the ",8" in line 50.

BRK routine at 65126

(SFK66), locations 770 and 771 will

Putting It Together

location SCC (204 decimal). This isn't

point to our machine-language rou

important, hut screen printing may

tine. Since locations 770 and 771 are

Program 2 at the end of this article

become sloppy without it. When the

the vector that points to the Main

is a demonstration of what has been

computer returns from the NM1 inter

BASIC Program Loop, or the "Direct

covered in this article. Type and save

rupt, the cursor blink-enahle location

Mode" where the "READY." prompt

Program

is reset and priming may be reversed.

After you run Program I, "READING

The BASIC version of a reset is far

printed,

any

time

the

prompt

2, then reload

"READY." appears, our machine-lan

DATA..." will

guage program will take over. This is

the "LOAD:" prompt. Enter the file

guage

just a precaution, in case the program

name of Program

does execute the BRK routine.

TURN. Once the program is loaded,

version.

Usually

a series

written Program I so all you have to do is load it, then your program.

As for our miniature machine-lan

try typing and

followed

more complex than the machine-lan I'OKl: numbers are required, but I've

appear,

Program

and press

pressing the

HE-

RUN-

locations

/STOP and RESTORE keys. Note that

679 and 689, this is where the cursor

when you press the RUN/STOP key,

blink-enable

disabled and

your program pauses. Press it again to

program. But it also does more. The

where the BASIC program resets. This

continue the program. Also notice the

routine resides in free memory be

program resets the BASIC program by

"POKE 198,0" in line 110. This clears

tween memory locations 679 ( S2A7)

and 715 ((2CB). The program activat

jumping to the run routine at 43121

the keyboard buffer so that the com

(SA871).

However, the appropriate

puter won't jump to the pause rou

ed at 689 first sets memory location

starting line number is not found and

tine and then right back without let

808 to 234 to disable the RUN/STOP

an "UNDEFD STATEMENT' error oc

ting

and

curs. To prevent this, there must be a

continue. Take this line out and sec

three pointers to point to the ma

line zero. Program

what happens.

chine-language

adds "0 REM" to the program that it

guage

This program creates the machinelanguage program, then

RESTORE

loads your

sequence,

then sets

program

679-

These three pointers are the BRK InMrnction interrupt, Non-Maskable In

The NMI pointer points to the ma

between

flag

automatically

you

press

RUN/STOP

Remember, these are only sample

loads. Since there is a line zero, there

programs. You

isn't an error.

them for your own use. The memory

terrupt (NM1), and the Main BASIC Program Loop vector.

program

Type in Program 1, make sure that

can

easily change

location HOB works exactly the same

you typed the data in correctly, and

on the Commodore

save it. Notice that the keyboard buff

mode.

Before ivping this program, read "How lo Enter Programs" mil "How to Use the Magazine Eniiy Program." The BASIC programs in ihis magwine arc available on disk from Loadstar, PO. Bo* 3000" Shrevepon, LA TIISOW. I-800831-2694.

100 DATA

128

128 a

169,1,133,204,76,113,168,0,0,

0TBFLB

101

DATA

169,234,141,40,3,169,167,

141'BDPB Program 1

5 10

PRINT CHR$(147}; "[WHITE,SPACE5] READING DATA..."''CGXJ CK=0:POKE

102

DATA

2,3,141,22,3,141,24,3,169,

103

DATA 141,3,3,141,23,3,141,25,

2'BCLC 3"BAKD

53281,, ,6:POKE 53280,

Program 2

14'DUKD 20

FOR

A=679

715:READ

D:P0KE

A,D

:CK=CK+D:NEXT"IUWH 30

CKO2921

[RVOFF] 40

THEN

PRINT"[RVS]ERROR

DATA STATEMENTS"'FGGK

CHRS(147);"

:0PEN

9,0,0:INPUT#9,FLS

:CL0SE

LOAD:";

9'FVWI

PRINT CHR$(147);"[BLUE] L0AD"+CHR5(34)+FLS+CHR?(34)+",8 [H0ME,D0WN5]0 REM"'IRTN

AS="[H0ME]"+CHR$(13}+CHRS(13) +"SYS689"+CHR$(13)'I0QL

FOR

1=1

LEN(A$):POKE

630+1,

ASC(MIDS(A$,I)):NEXT:POKE :CLR:NEW'NFTR

PRINT"[CLEAR,WHITE]":POKE :POKE

END

19 8,1-1

53281,11

53280,7'DRBC

PRINT"**THIS

30 40

THE PROGRAM**"'BAVI PRINT"-[LEFT]";'BBJA GET K$:IF KS=""THEN 40'EHBE

THE

BEGINNING OF

50 IF KS=CHR$ (13)THEN PRINT" '"FGKF 60 IF K$=""THEN G0SUB 100'EFPF 70 PRINT KS;"-2[LEFT]";:G0T0 40'CHMG 100 PRINT" ":PRINT"**ÂŤ PAUSE ***"'CBFir 110

POKE

120

FOR C=l

130

GET K$:IF K$O""THEN NEXT :G0T0 120'HJQE POKE 53280,7:RETURN'CIUB

140

198,0'BFXW TO

15:P0KE

53280,C'EMRB

END

COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

64 USERS ONLY

BY CARL IHOMI'SOX

Memory

"Window for the

Commodore 64 lYJLcmory Window" provides a display reminiscent of science fiction-

movie computers, with lots Of blink ing lights that allow you to see what is going on inside the Commodore 64's memory as it thinks about whatever

Commodore 64"8 think about. In oth er words, Memory Window provides

a took inside your Commodore 64's

also described us volatile, which

memory while it is running the pro gram. In fact, even if you stop the program, Memory Window will con tinue to show you diat the computer is still very busy thinking. This should

provide a new perspective to even experienced users, as well as novices.

'Hie

glossary of computer

terms

that follows is provided to help the beginner get started and get the maxi

mum benefit

from

the program.

these terms are already familiar, you might want to jump ahead.

Computer Terms and Greek Made Clear Bit: A contraction for the term bi

Memory Window lets you see what's going on

inside the Commodore

means that

the

information is lost

when the power goes off.

ROM: The acronym or abbrevia tion for Read Only Memory, which is the permanent or non-volatile part of

64s memory.

the computer's memory. Information

Even ifyou stop the

is built and stays there when the pow er goes off, so it will be available each

is put in the ROM when the computer

programs, Memory

time you turn the computer on. It is

Window will continue

the information in ROM, for example,

to show you that the

know it is a Commodore 64 and not a

computer is still very

should do when you press the keys on

that allows the Commodore 64

PET or VIC 20, and to know what it the keyboard.

busy thinking.

nary digit. A single bit can represent

Memory Myths and

only the numbers zero or one. Also

Microcomputer

used to describe ;i single unit of com

more naturally by multiples or pow

puter memory.

ers Of two and the progression of dig

Misconceptions 64K of memory. When you turn on

eight binary digits or bits. The first

its is 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, etc. Since 1024 is the binary- digit closest to 1000, it has,

eight binary digits are 1. 2, -t. 8, 16,

for the

32, 64 and

128. The 256 decimal

called a kilobyte.

FREE." The Commodore 64 has a full

numbers, 0

through 255, can be

which permit addressing all 64K.

a single byte of memory. 256 bytes

K: The letter K, as in "64K of mem ory," is derived from the Greek (as in, 'This is all Greek to me") word "chi-

make up a page.

lioi" and the modern prefix "kilo"

Byte: A unit of computer memory or a computer number consisting of

expressed by a single byte or saved In

Page: A term used to describe 256

sake of convenience, been

meaning 1000 (as in kilogram or kilo

bytes of memory'. Eour pages are con

meter). In computer jargon the "K" is

tained in one kilobyte.

an abbreviation for kilobyte.

Kilobyte: Actually means

1024

RAM: The acronym or abbreviation

bytes rather than 1000 bytes. Most of

for Random Access Memory, which is

us grew up with the decimal number

the part of the computer's memory

system where the progression of dig

that can be "written" into or used to

its is

save

I's,

10's,

100's,

1000'a, etc.

information.

This

information

MA1MM 1: The Commodore 64 has the Commodore 64 it reports "64K

RAM SYSTEM 38911 BASIC BYTES 64K of RAM and 16 bits of addressing However, it also has 20K of ROM, which is switched in parallel with the

RAM. There are only 38911 byies free for a BASIC program and its variables (actually

38912, which, divided by

1024, equals exactly 38K). So what

happened lo the other 26K? Some of it is used by the computer to keep track of what is on the TV or monitor screen and much of it is switched out and replaced by

the BASIC

inter

These powers and multiples of ten are

can subsequently be "read" or re

quite natural because we have ten fin

called. "Random access" means al

preter ROM (8K), the Kerna! operat

gers. Computers, on the other hand,

location can be directly accessed if

ing system ROM (8K), the character-

have

the address is provided. Most RAM is

internal

JULY/AUGUSI '86

devices which

count

set ROM (4K), and some special

64 USERS ONLY purpose devices like the sound chip

bytes, and that is the truth. Memory

and video chip.

age area whose organization is often

Window's page is missing four bytes,

MMMM 2: When you first turn on your computer, it docs nothing until

numbered 63, 127, 191 and 255 (the

compared with the push-down stack

you

count).

type

something and press

TURN, You might remember that the

addresses at the left take this into ac

cursor w;is flashing, but even more

What Does All That Blinking

interesting is the fact that a healthy

Mean?

computer is always executing between

160,000 and

1,000,000 machine-

language instructions per second.

Getting Started with Memory

Window

of trays in a cafeteria. The first num ber placed on the stack is put on at location 511, and subsequent entries are built on that up toward location 256.

The rules for using the stack are

Bach small spot of light represents the contents of a single memory bit.

similar to those for stacking traysâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; the last tray put on the stack is the

When the spot of light is on, that

first tray that will be taken off. If you

means the corresponding memory lo

save several things on the stack, you

cation contains a one; and conversely

must take them all off if you want to

when the screen is black it contains a

get back to the first item you saved.

zero. Now we should be ready to do

Don't pile too many numbers on, or

tape or disk before running it. .Since

some

the stack will overflow. Also, don't try

Several POKES are used, a typing er

memory.

ror could cause the computer lo lock

1'agc 0 is very busy, with lots of blinking, because the Commodore

Type in the program and save it to

exploring

of the

computer's

to take more off the stack than you put on.

When Memory Window is run, it

64's microprocessor makes heavy use

Fortunately the stack is not a con cern if you arc programming in BA

will display the contents of the first

of these locations. Before we go on,

SIC,

page of memory on the screen. Press

let's stop the program by pressing the

and built-in BASIC interpreter take

ing the cursor-down key or SHIFT and

IU IN/STOP key. Note the computer

care to follow the stack rules. When

cursor-up will move the window up

indicates "BREAK IN

a BASIC] program runs, the stack is

and down from page 0 through page

"READY," which confirms the pro

used to save the location in the pro

63.

gram has stoppedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;but there is still quite a bit of activity. You may clear

gram that you return to when a (.;<)-

up when the program is run.

You can jump to any page by press

29011

and

because

the

microprocessor

SLH1 is executed.

ing the number keys for any number

the screen

pressing SHUT and

Other instructions, such as FOR-

00 through 63. The scale to the left of

CLE/HOME. Now type RUN and press

NU.XT-STEP and DEF, use stack space

page 0, which increments in steps of

RETURN.

as well. Since the Memory Window

You should be convinced now that

program is fairly small and not too

memory address or byte number.

the computer never really stops. In

complex, the stack activity uses only

It also should be noted thai the Memory Window has 84 rows and

fact, it is executing between 160.000

a couple

and

space. Press the space bar and notice

each row has three bytes (24 bits)

ond. The screen is refreshed with a

across. Therefore, the very top row contains bytes numbered 0. 1 and 2.

new picture only 60 times per sec ond, so some memory bits may be

Tht: next row contains bytes num

changing thousands of times faster

Pages

bered 3, 4 and 5 and so on.

than we are seeing them change. Page 1 is called the "stack." ami

pointers

attention, you may have noticed a

you should mite the hot spot of activ

and the BASIC interpreter. These are

couple of inconsistencies. I (old you

ity down near the bottom of your

numerous, and beyond the scope of

earlier that a page contained 256

screen. The stack is a temporary slor-

this article.

12 down the page, indicates the

If you have been paying very close

1.000.000

instructions per sec

Memory Window Map PAGE

ADDRESS

CONTENTS

0-255

Microprocessor work area

256 - 511

Microprocessor stack area

512 - 767 768 - 1023

Kernal and BASIC work area

3 4

1024- 1279

Screen memory

1280- 1535

Screen memory

1536- 1791

Screen memory

1792-2023 2048- 2303

Screen memory

Basic program text Variables Arrays

of dozen

bytes of stack

the stack get busier as the program

executes a GOSUB and a FOR-NBXT loop.

and 3

and

buffer

contain storage

16128- 16383

BASIC! string variables

areas

used by the Kernal operating system

Pages 4 through 7 arc the stan

dard locations for the numbers that create the text you see on the screen. The screen is saved starling

the upper left corner and pro

gresses across each row for 40 char acters and down the screen for 25 rows for a total of a thousand mem

ory locations, from

1024

through

2023. In our case, it is all of the

yellow information, excluding liie while Memory Window itself.

If you watch the window carefully

as you advance from page 4 to 5 to 6 to 7, you will notice activity ripple from top to bottom as

many

memory

address

the yellow

numbers update.

Since the window is looking at one COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

64 USERS ONLY/MEMORY WINDOW quarter of the screen memory, we can

pretty hard to see on a TV screen, but

page at a time starting at page 32,

see the changes as they occur.

if you look closely, you might find

allowing the address numbers to

three consecutive types of zeros (all

completely update, you will eventual

bits zero).

ly see the Memory Window ripple up

interesting

experiment

display page 4, then stop the pro gram again

by pressing the

from the bottom.

RUN-

If you press the space bar, you will

/S'l'OP key and move the cursor all

see a couple of bytes,down near the

the way to the bottom of the screen.

bottom counting up for a few seconds

puter storing the text string starting

Now

What you are observing is the com

key

as the program executes a FOR-NKXT

more to slowly scroll the text off the

loop and the variable "I" counts from

working its way down to the end of

top of the

0 to 243 in steps of 12. Page 14 says that arrays siari at

arrays. When the two meet, the com

Memory Window change until the screen is blank and only three verti

3643 (remember, that may be differ

called "garbage collection" and re

cal white lines remain. The screen

ent for you). Arrays are "subscripted"

claims memory space by searching

memory

variables, or variables with the same

through all the strings, saving only the

spaces, but a space is saved in screen

name that use a number in parenthe

most recent ones and discarding the

memory as the number 32 (in binary

ses to differentiate one from the oth

older ones. The time to collect gar

digits this would be 00100000).

er—such as A(0), A(l), etc.

bage can be tens of minutes if the

press

the

cursor-down

screen and watch

now

filled

with

the

1000

the high memory address and

puter does a bit of housekeeping

This may be getting a little too

Page 15 says the end of arrays is at

heavy, so let's try something more

3905. 'Hie memory from this point up

ferent string variables and does many

graphic before we leave our blank memory page 4. Remember, this is

to 40959 would normally be unoccu

string manipulations.

the upper quarter of the screen, so if we press

the

CLR/HOME

key

pied, but could be filled with text strings

the cursor from

left

to right and

watch the flashing dot in the Mem ory Window.

area, so if you type RUN,

press RliTURN, and then press the numbers 0 and 8, you will see what the Memory Window program itself

looks like. There should be nothing changing on page 8 nor on the pages

that follow until we get to page 13.

program

Enough said about garbage, except

generates

that Memory Window allows you to

see the garbage being created. If you

Pages 16 through 31 are available

are patient and nimble-fingered, once

for text strings, but because the Mem

you see the strings moving by, you

ory Window uses sprites to display

may be able to chase the event by

the memory, we see the character

entering a page number about

ROM image at the addresses for pages

less than the current page and see the

16 through 31- Again, this is really

strings moving down again.

Page 8 is the start of the BASIC program

if the

strings.

move the cursor up, we should see it in the Memory Window. Now move

program uses a large number of dif

beyond the scope of this article, but

two

How Memory Window Does

maybe it will give you some idea of how the computer can have RAM and

Its Magic

ROM with the same addresses, and

The program

is fairly simple and

then switch (or bank) the memory to

the window trick is done with four

use one at one time and another later.

sprites, liach sprite is 24 hits wide and

Pages 32 through 64 are current

21 bits high, for a total of 63 bytes,

Page 13 says that the variables are stored beginning at location 3545 (or

ly just more space available tor text

which

so). This is true for the Memory Win

siring storage. The Memory Window

memory area set aside for this pur

program has changed the normal end

pose.

dow program as I typed it in. lint ii might be different for you if you add ed or deleted any spaces or REM's as you typed it in.

Since the variables start immediate ly after the program itself, we can also see the end of the program. This is

Of BASIC user memory from 40959 to

220

243

STEP

Let's event.

12'EHTA

RIGHT5("[SPACE4]

"+MIDS(STRS(256*P+I) ,2) ,

5)+CHRS(183);'JVPI

225 100

K240

JULY/AUGUST'86

THEN

Memory Window just

takes

column to look like a single display.

500'BDIB

1=0

unused

whatever exists in a page of memory are positioned on the screen in a neat

contains the screen memory.

170 PRINT HS"PAGE 00"'BCRE 100 PRINT DS"ADDRESS"'BCOG 190 GOSUB 200:GOTO 320'CHSG 200 PRINT HSDSD$DS'BIKX FOR

some

to the 16K block of memory which

Memory Window

210

and assigns it to four sprites, which

P.O, lira J0007,-Shrcvqwft, LA 71I}0fl007,1-MO.B1I.2G94.

GOSUB

saved

16383 because sprites are used for the window, and sprites are confined

PRINT'EERG

Hopefully Memory Window has al

look at another interesting If you

advance

Before typing thi» prognm, read "How to EntK ftograms" mil "flinv lo Hit I limty Program." The BASIC proems, in itiis nugaiinc arc anlbUc »n iliik from Ifjiiliiar,

150

are

230

slowly,

lowed you to sec some things more

one

1=60

clearly than before. OH

1=121

1=182

THEN

1=1+1'JOEI 240

250

NEXT:PRINT

260

IF K1E3 THEN RETURN'BAQD

270

280

PEEK(197)<>64

THEN

I=1E3'GLMG

HS'CDHC

POKE

198,0'EJHG

300

IF PEEK(197)=64 THEN GOSUB 200'FKHJ GET KS:IF KS="" GOTO 290'EIAJ IF KS>="0" AND K$<="9" AND

310

N=VAL(N$):IF

320

:IF N<64 THEN P=N'LTSJ IF KS=U$THEN P=P+1:IF P>63

290

LEN(N$)<2

THEN

N$=N$+KS'MPLI

LEN(NS}=2

THEN

N$=

THEN

64 USERS ONLY/MEMORY WINDOW 330

P=0'JNBI IF K$=-D$THi3N P=63'JNRI

340

POKE

P=P-1:IF

204B,P*4:REM

P<0

THEN

480

MOVE

SPRITES'DTBH

490

350 360 370

POKE POKE POKE

500

380

P$=RIGHTS("0"+MIDS(STRS(P),2),

390

2)'FNLL PRINT HSTAB(5)PS'CGVI

400

410

420

430

440

450 460 470

204L,P*4+1'DIXF 2042,P*4+2'DIAG 2043,P*4+3'DICH

518 520

H$D$D$DSDSTAB(15);"COSC

P=PEEK(46)THEN

530

"START

[SPACES]":GOTO

280'FGOO

IF P<16 OR P>31~THE~N PRINT "BASIC PROGRAM AREA[SPACE3]" :GOTO 280'HKIR IF P<32 THEN PRINT "CHARACTER IMAGE[SPACE2]":GOTO 280'FHEQ REM

BORDER

AND

BACKGROUND

BLACK'BYRG POKE

53280,0:POKE

53281,0

:POKE 646,7'DVXF CS=CHRS(147):PRINT C$;'DLPF DS=CHR${17):US=CHR$(145) :H$=CHR$(19):RVS=CHR$(18)'IEUN

VARIABLES"256*PEEK(46)+PEEK(4 5)

54 0

FOR

:GOTO 280'KUGN IF P=PEEK [48JTHEN

550 560

V=53248:REM VIDEO

ARRAYS[SPACE 3]"256*PEEK(48)+PEEK (47):GOTO 280'KUGO IF P=PEEK(50)THEN PRINT "END OF ARRAYS[SPACE2]"256*PEEK(50)+PEEK

570

POKE 2040+1,I:REM POINTERS'DUCN

580 590

POKE

V+39+I,l:REM COLOR

POKE

V+2*I,80:REM

(49):GOTO

600

POKE

V+2*I+1,82+1*42

:REM

"START

2801KUKP

IF P=PEEK(52)THEN PRINT "STRING STORAGE "256*PEEK(52)+PEEK(51) :GOTO 280'KUTQ IF P=l THEN PRINT "STACK AREA [SPACE111":GOTO 280'FGOL IF P<4 THEN PRINT "BASIC WORK AREA[SPACE6]":GOTO 280'FGQN IF P<8 THEN PRINT "SCREEN MEMORY

FOP FREE

FOR

1=1

1=0

24:CDS=CDS+DS:NEXT'GOXJ

CHIP DATA

WHITE'ERCC

COORDS'EOKO

COORDS"HSGJ

610

NEXT'BAEB

620 630 640

POKE

V+23,15:REM

EXPAND

X'DOKH

POKE

V+29,15:REM

EXPAND

Y'DORI

POKE

V+21,15:REM

ENABLE

650 660

DIM A(50)"BFYG

SPRITES'DUML

RETURN'BAQG

(HID;

TESTING * END TEST RE-TYPING FOREVER!

numbersfrom our ads, but you

* UPPER / LOWER CASE AND COMPLETE

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START'CVAL

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appropriate numbers on the Reader Response Card in this

issue, detach the card, affix postage ami mail, He sure to use the Advertisers' Index and the Reader Response Card in this issue to get free information about nur

advertisers' products and services.

ROM

RESPONSE SHEET FOR EACH FORM PRINTED

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FAMILY, AND IBM

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COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

101

64 USERS ONLY

I(Y HRUCE JAEGER

Pardon My Interruptions Three programs playing with the

Commodore 64's hardware interrupt vectors xjL

lot of computer magazine writ

ers—myself included—often

make

cavalier statements like "this program is intcrrupt-driven," and "by changing

the IRQ vectors at W314-Q3I5, we can dosuch-and-so."And many ofyou

just breaking into (breaths held) ma chine language (relieved gasps) may WOndet what in the world we're talk ing about.

Not

much,

computer

really. in

Whether

"command"

your mode

(waiting for you to add a program

line, LOAD or SAVE a program) or

"program" mode (actually running a

random bells. The laet that these ef

program 1, (here are things it need.s to

fects

do "in the background" to keep things running:

update

the

internal

clock

that you look up with TIS, scan the keyboard, and

several

other

things

that are too arcane for me to worry about.

Sixty times even' second, the 64 "interrupts" whatever it's doing and

executes these routines. The impor tant difference here between these routines and a regular program is thai

they are executed whether or not the computer is doing another job.

There are two memory locations in the 64, called "IRQ vectors," that

second, then, the 6 i looks at this vec

place

while

you're

pro

gramming, listing, loading or saving

difference between

fun part, and can seem disconcerting

programs, or running programs is the

these routines and a

to the uninitiated. (Your friends may even wonder why your computer is

regular program is

smarter than theirs!)

that they are executed

grams can be turned on or off with

whether or not the

own programs too!

Each of the

computer is doing

three

example

pro

SYS 50000. Yes, they'll work in your

For More Advanced Programmers

anotherjob.

Look at the assembly listing lor the

I'lashcolors program. You

point in memory to where these "in terrupt" routines begin. Sixty times a

take

The important

may add

your own machine language routine isn't too long.)

starting at the label "Yours"—just

We can write programs, then, that

make sure it ends with an RTS, so that

tor and jumps to the interrupt rou

execute constantly,

tines (often called "housekeeping routines"). The fun thing is lhat we

gram is running or not. Tor example,

Listing I, "i'lashcolors," will change

can change this vector to point at our

Note that before changing the IRQ

the screen and border colors over and

vectors, we must temporarily disable-

own

machine-language

program, as

whether a pro

control is sent to the 64's normal in terrupt routines by theJMP SEA31.

over no matter what keys you push

long as we make sure our program

all interrupts with an SIM. Otherwise

(other

ends by sending the computer back

STORE). Listing 2, "Spritemover," will

the system might try reading the vec

.slowly march a sprite—in this exam ple, just a solid block—from left to

its

normal

interrupt

routines.

(Also, because the computer has so much else to do, we must be careful that our "interrupt-driven" program 102

JULY/AUGUST r86

than

RUN/STOP and

right across the .screen.

Listing 3,

"Spooky Hells," plays eerie-sounding

tors when we're right in the middle of changing them, resulting in an almost certain crash. We re-enable the inter

rupts once the vectors are changed with the CLI instruction.

64 USERS ONLY/INTERRUPTIONS 2000 Before typing these programs, rend "Mow 10 Knrcr Programs," and "How id I.sc ihc Nfagazine Eniry Program." The BASIC programs In this miguinc arc available on disk from Loadstar, P.O. Box 3001)7. Shrti L-port. LA ~ 11J0-UOO7, 1-800-8M-2694.

FOR

J=50000

:POKE

2010

DATA

50126:READ

J, A:NEXT:RETURN'HTIC 173 ,78,195,201,1,240,18,120,

169,123, 141,20,3,169,19 5,141'BGAG 2020

DATA

21, 3,88,16 9,1,141,78,195,96,

120,169, 49,141,20,3,1G9'BBHG

Listing 1. Flashcolors

20 30

GOSUB 2000'BEDY SYS 50000 : END'CGBB

REM'BARA

2000

FOR J=50000

2010

DATA

2020

DATA

:POKE

50079:READ

J,A:NEXT:RSTURN'HTPC

2060

HffiJ

Listing 2. Spritemover

2000'BEDY

53248

POKE ON

REM

SPRITE

BASE

V+21,1

REM

TURN

SPRITE

POKE

POKE V+1,90 : REM COORDINATE'DYDK

VERTICAL

POKE

MAKE

V+39,6

POKE FOR

REM

2040,13

MAKE

BLUE'DQRH

X = 332

100

SYS

120

REM'BARW

REM :

50000

APPEAR

REM

LOCATE

894:POKE

SOLID :

X,255:NEXT

END'CGBW

J=50000

50102:READ

21,3,88,169,1,141,78,195,96,

120,169,49,141,20,3,169'BBHG 234 , 141,21,3,88,169,0,141,

78,195,96, 32,129,195,76,49'BCSH DATA 2 34,173,16,208,41,1,201,1, 240,20,238,0,208,173,0,208'BCFI DATA 201,0,240,1,96,173,16,208,9, 1,141,16,208,96,238,0'BVHI 208,173,0,208,201,91,48,14,

16 9,0,141,0,20 8,17 3,16,20 3'BDAK DATA

END

FLASHCOLORS

41,126,141,16,208,96,96'BXDF

Listing 3. Spooky Bells 20

GOSUB

SYS

2000'BEDY

REM'BARA

50000

ONOFF

-499 98

•-SC35O

END'CGBB

;

ON/OFF

;

SYS

FLAG

50000

LDA

ONOFF

;

GET

tsoi

;

BEQ

OFF

;

DISABLE

;

REDIRECT

VECTORS

;

REENABLE

INTERRUPTS

;

REMEMBER THAT WE'RE

;

BACK

TURN OFF

TURN

A ONE,

FLAG TURN

OFF

-FLASHCOLOR"

LDA

KBEGIN

STA LDA

50314 |>BEGIN

STA

S0315

LDA STA

ON/OFF

ENABLE/DISABLE

CMP

ONOFF

SEI

1931

INTERRUPTS

"ON"

BASIC

fMD

"FLASHCOLOR"

DISABLE

;

REDIRECT

INTERRUPTS

REENABLE INTERRUPTS

;

REMEMBER THAT WE'RE "OFF"

;

BACK

VECTORS

$0314

LDA

»SEA

STA

S03L5

CLI

DATA

2070

0,212,202,202,169,17,157,0,

Flashcolors ML

STA

2020

DATA

212,169, 16,157,0,212,96'BAAM

LDA

BLOCK'GGDQ

:POKE J,A:NEXT:RETURN'HTCC DATA 173,78,195,201,1,240,18,120, 169,123,141,20,3,169,195,141'BGAG

2060

157'BGPM

2080

;

2010

2050

105 ,80,157,0,212,232,232,

232,232, 169,9,157,0,212,232,

OFF

FOR

2040

DATA

RTS

2000

DATA

2,240,5,152,15,76,170,195,

CLI

BUFFER'CHIN

:REM CREATE

2030

DATA

1 SEI

CHARACTERS'DJKO

CASSETTE 90

V+27,1

BEHIND 80

DTNH

2070

VARIABLE'CAPH 40

173 ,4,220,41,3,201,3,240,

162,7,17 3,4,220,41,63,24'BAEK

;

96'BGDK

234 ,141,21,3,88,169,0,141,

161,195,41,15,141,32,208,

141,33,208,169,0,141,160,195,

GOSUB

DATA

21,3,88,169,1,141,78,195,96,

DATA

2050

173,78,195,201,1,240,18,120,

173'BJMJ

2050

2040

78,195,96,32,129,195,76,49'BCSH DATA 234 ,173,4,220,41,16,201,16, 240,1,96 ,169,15,141,24,212'BDPI 247,170, 232,224,1,240,11,224'BDVJ

12 0,16 9,4 9,141,20,3,169'BBHG DATA 234,141,21,3,88,169,0,141, 7 8,195,96,3 2,129,195,76,49'BCSH DATA 234,238,160,195,173,160,195, 201,100,16,1,96,2 38,161,195,

2040

DATA

169,123,141,20,3,169,195,141'BGAG

2030

LDA

IS00

STA

ONOFF

RTS

BASIC

BEGIN JSR

YOURS

;

EXECUTE

JMP

SEAJ1

;

BACK

;

FLAEHCOLORE CODE HERE

;

TIME TO SWITCH

YOURS

INC

TIMER

LDA

TIMER

CMP BPL

YOUR

ROUTINE

TO NORMAL

INTRP

ROUTINES

YET?

HOC

VES

RTE YES

INC

LDA

COLOR

AND

1(00001111

COLOR

STA

53260

STA

t nm

LDA

»soo

STA

TIMER

;

NOT

;

YET

;

RIGHT

COLOR

BITS

ONLY

RTS TIMER

"-• + 1

COLOR

'-• + 1

I .END

END COMMODORE MICROCOMPUTERS

103

128 USERS ONLY

BYJOHNJ.KO1TI.ER

128 Disk Editor He.ow many times have you wanted

to recall or edit disk sectors, and edit a sequential or relative file with ease?

The Commodore 128 Disk Editor will help you to execute these tasks. With this editor you can read any sector, write any sector, jump file links, jump

to previous links, and search forward and backward through sectors. The 128 Disk Editor also allows you to

type text in any sector, change specif ic values, toggle single- or double-sid ed diskettes for the 1571, and even

display the disk directory and accept DOS commands.

Using the 128 Disk Editor Tlit Commodore 128 Disk Editor contains many commands that allow you to read, edit, and write to disksectors. With this program, you can change just ahout every sector on the

tii.sk. except for those with errors, of course. Once you have typed in and saved the 128 Disk Editor, type RUN.

Your screen should blank for a few seconds, and, if you entered the data

statements correctly, the computer will then display a screen with a win dow area at the top, and several boxes indicating the present and previous

track and sector, along with a cursor position and character value. Under

neath this is a list of commands. Final ly, the bottom line displays the disk sides and the disk status. Once the screen is displayed, the computer waits for your input. But notice that the text window at the

Read or twite to any disk sector, jump file links, and search forward and

backward through sectors using this handy utility. then use any command.

bottom of the screen. If the error is caused because you have tried to read a track above 35 on a single-sided disk

while the program is in double-skied mode, the computer reminds you that the disk that you have in the drive is single-sided, and automatically selects

the single-sided mode. When reading a sector, press the RETURN

key alone at the "Track:"

"Sector:" prompt to use the current

sector. Notice that the current track

only tour commands: Head, Disk Di rectory, DOS Commands, and the Se

Disk Error

* ' *" and the error is printed at the

track, or the RETURN key alone at the

this window does not contain infor accept

displays the message

prompt in order to use the current

very top of the screen is blank. When mation, the computer will

ASCII form. If there is an error, the top window

Reading a Sector

and sector are displayed in the upper

lect Side. You cannot use the Write.

When you press the "R" key to read

left corner of the screen. Therefore,

Text. Value. Jump, Jump Back, or Plus

a sector, the prompt window at the

when you first run 128 Disk Editor,

and Minus commands, because you

bottom of the screen displays "READ

have not yet read any sector. There

Track;." Enter the track number you

"Track; IK Sector: 0" is displayed in the "'Current" box as the default set

fore, during this "blank mode," you

wish to read and press RETURN. A

ting. If you press the RETURN key

can either check the disk sides, send a

"Sector:" prompt appears. Enter the

twice, the computer reads and dis

DOS command, display the directory,

desired sector number and press RE

plays track 18, sector 0. However, if

or read a sector. However, once you

TURN. If there are no errors in that

you press the RETURN key once and

have read a sector and the top win

particular sector, the top window dis

enter a "1" at the "Sector:" prompt,

dow is filled witli

plays what data the sector contains, in

the computer reads truck 18, sector I

104

JULY/AUGUST'86

information, vou

128 USERS ONLY and displays it. You can press the "R"

screen. If you enter a number less

key at any time and enter any new

track and sector or press RETURN

than 0 (S(')(>) or greater than 255

To change a value in

(SFF), the computer will ask you to

sector from your disk.

a sector, press "V," and

cape from this mode, merely press

Writing to a Sector

enter the new value

the Edit Mode.

twice to re-read the current truck and

Writing to a sector is similar to reading one, except for an extra op tion. Onee you have pressed the "W" key,

"WRITE

Track:"

will

appear.

when you are

also copy the data on that track and

the RETURN key alone to return to The Text Mode allows you to type a series of characters into the display window. After pressing the "I" key,

prompted.

you will be asked to select either up

Press RETURN twice to use the cur rent track and sector. But you can

re-enter the value. If you wish to es

per or lowercase characters. This is so but not from top to bottom. The "Position:" prompt will be fol

you can easily retype ASCII charac ters that represent both screen codes

lowed by the position of the cursor

(where

inside of the display window. When

(where a = 65). After you have select

Sector 0," you press the "W" key and

the cursor is at the very top left cor

ed upper or lower case, a flashing cur

entered "WRITE Track: 1

I,"

ner, its position is 1. If you press CRSR

sor appears. Now you can start typing

sector 1 becomes an exact duplicate

left, the cursor will wrap to position

characters.

of sector 0. Finally, when you are fin

256 which is in from of the " 128 Disk

If you make a mistake, do not use

ished entering the track and sector

Editor" message. Pressing CRSR right

the CRSK keys to move aroundâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;they

you wish to write to, you

wraps the cursor back to position 1.

will not work, but will display their

sector to any other track and sector.

Fpr example, if, at "HEAD Track I: Sector

will be

a=l) and

CURS

codes

When you use the CRSR right and

ASCII equivalents. In order to move

left keys, the cursor will move right

backward, press the delete key. The

am! left and the cursor position will

cursor will move back one position,

increase or decrease by one. The

but will not erase the character at that

CRSR up and down keys will move

position. Therefore, you must type

the cursor up or down one line and

the correct character over the one

ward and backward through disk sec

the position will increase or decrease

that the cursor is resting on.

tors. This can be accomplished by

by 40 since to move up or down a

pressing the plus and minus keys. If

line really means moving -i0 spaces on a 40column screen. Below the

similarly to the cursor in

"Position:" message, the value of the

Mode, except you are not able to use

displayed. If you press "plus" again.

character

the cursor is

the cursor keys. Once you have en

sector 2 is displayed. Similarly, if sec

displayed in both decimal and hex.

tered your text, press RETURN to re

tor 2 were displayed, and you pressed

You can press the HOME key at any

turn to the Edit Mode.

the minus key, you would move back to sector 1. Press minus a second

time to move the cursor to position 1

or press any of the other command

Displaying the Disk

time, and you go back to sector 0.

keys.